Selected quad for the lemma: master_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
master_n able_a know_v lord_n 344 4 3.4241 3 false
View all documents for the selected quad

Text snippets containing the quad

ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A51725 Discourses upon Cornelius Tacitus written in Italian by the learned Marquesse Virgilio Malvezzi ; dedicated to the Serenissimo Ferdinand the Second, Great Duke of Thuscany ; and translated into English by Sir Richard Baker, Knight.; Discorsi sopra Cornelio Tacito. English Malvezzi, Virgilio, marchese, 1595-1653.; Baker, Richard, Sir, 1568-1645. 1642 (1642) Wing M359; ESTC R13322 256,112 410

There are 4 snippets containing the selected quad. | View original text

the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n yet_o neither_o the_o father_n be_v cause_n of_o the_o son_n nor_o the_o father_n and_o son_n cause_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n as_o thomas_n aquinas_n do_v learned_o demonstrate_v in_o philosophy_n see_v aristotle_n in_o his_o physics_n and_o in_o his_o book_n of_o generation_n and_o corruption_n show_v manifest_a difference_n between_o beginning_n and_o cause_n but_o because_o aristotle_n in_o distinguish_v they_o take_v they_o not_o always_o in_o the_o sense_n that_o we_o take_v they_o and_o oftentimes_o also_o confound_v they_o as_o in_o his_o metaphysic_n where_o he_o show_v that_o a_o cause_n and_o a_o beginning_n be_v as_o ens_fw-la and_o vnum_fw-la which_o be_v convertible_a one_o with_o the_o other_o and_o in_o another_o place_n affirm_v that_o all_o cause_n be_v beginning_n and_o in_o divinity_n likewise_o the_o greek_a father_n mingle_v oftentimes_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o trinity_n the_o cause_n with_o the_o beginning_n as_o saint_n gregory_n nazianzen_n and_o other_o we_o therefore_o in_o this_o place_n will_v forbear_v to_o speak_v of_o they_o either_o philosophical_o or_o theological_o but_o will_v frame_v our_o discourse_n by_o way_n of_o action_n show_v into_o how_o great_a error_n those_o man_n have_v run_v who_o confound_v cause_n with_o beginning_n a_o thing_n which_o tacitus_n be_v not_o guilty_a of_o who_o in_o his_o history_n say_v struebat_fw-la jam_fw-la fortuna_fw-la in_o diversa_fw-la parte_fw-la terrarum_fw-la initia_fw-la causas_fw-la imperii_fw-la show_v plain_o he_o know_v that_o a_o cause_n and_o a_o beginning_n be_v not_o both_o one_o thing_n we_o may_v therefore_o take_v cause_n to_o be_v those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n beginning_n those_o by_o who_o mean_n that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n be_v put_v in_o execution_n and_o so_o a_o cause_n come_v to_o be_v the_o first_o in_o the_o intention_n and_o the_o last_o in_o execution_n a_o beginning_n the_o last_o in_o the_o intention_n and_o the_o first_o in_o execution_n this_o polybius_n well_o understand_v where_o he_o say_v causae_fw-la omnibus_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la primae_fw-la sunt_fw-la principia_fw-la verò_fw-la ultima_fw-la causarum_fw-la equidem_fw-la ita_fw-la existimo_fw-la principia_fw-la dici_fw-la primus_fw-la omnium_fw-la actiones_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la quae_fw-la judicatae_fw-la as_o deliberatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la causas_fw-la verò_fw-la quae_fw-la judicium_fw-la deliberationemque_fw-la praecedant_fw-la and_o thereupon_o excellent_o well_o he_o say_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o second_o war_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n with_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o indignation_n of_o amilcar_n hannibal_n father_n who_o though_o he_o be_v not_o overcome_v by_o land_n of_o his_o enemy_n the_o roman_n yet_o the_o carthaginian_a force_n be_v put_v to_o the_o worse_a by_o they_o he_o think_v it_o his_o best_a course_n to_o make_v peace_n and_o to_o lay_v down_o arm_n for_o the_o present_a reserve_v in_o his_o mind_n a_o perpetual_a indignation_n which_o cncrease_v afterward_o by_o their_o threaten_n of_o war_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o carthaginian_n distract_v with_o other_o discord_n and_o thereby_o not_o able_a to_o withstand_v they_o lose_v sardinia_n whereupon_o amilear_n incense_v with_o a_o new_a indignation_n have_v a_o intention_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o many_o year_n before_o hannibal_n pass_v into_o italy_n these_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n but_o the_o beginning_n of_o it_o be_v afterward_o the_o siege_n of_o saguntum_n and_o hannibal_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n hiber_n so_o you_o see_v the_o beginning_n be_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o be_v long_o before_o precede_v by_o the_o cause_n to_o roturne_v now_o to_o our_o purpose_n concern_v the_o alteration_n of_o state_n it_o be_v seldom_o see_v that_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o beginning_n happen_v both_o at_o one_o time_n the_o cause_n that_o move_v caesar_n to_o change_v the_o state_n in_o rome_n be_v a_o impatience_n of_o equality_n which_o be_v bear_v and_o breed_v with_o he_o be_v hasten_v in_o he_o by_o the_o threaten_n of_o his_o enemy_n press_v he_o to_o give_v over_o his_o consulship_n and_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o he_o have_v do_v a_o thing_n of_o great_a difficulty_n and_o danger_n in_o commonwealth_n as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o case_n of_o scipio_n of_o furius_n camillus_n and_o other_o but_o the_o beginning_n be_v his_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n rubicon_n so_o likewise_o the_o change_n which_o the_o israelite_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o samuel_n from_o judge_n to_o king_n have_v a_o beginning_n diverse_a from_o the_o cause_n there_o be_v in_o their_o heart_n sometime_o before_o a_o desire_n of_o king_n through_o a_o impatience_n of_o liberty_n as_o writer_n hold_v which_o afterward_o take_v beginning_n from_o the_o injustice_n of_o the_o son_n of_o samuel_n the_o cause_n then_o that_o rome_n come_v to_o be_v a_o free_a state_n be_v romulus_n and_o the_o citizen_n grow_v to_o perfection_n romulus_n because_o he_o be_v sole_a king_n make_v such_o law_n and_o ordinance_n in_o the_o state_n that_o show_v he_o have_v more_o regard_n to_o prepare_v the_o roman_n for_o liberty_n then_o to_o establish_v the_o monarchy_n to_o his_o successor_n see_v he_o reserve_v to_o himself_o no_o other_o authority_n but_o to_o assemble_v the_o senate_n nor_o other_o charge_n but_o to_o command_v the_o army_n in_o time_n of_o war_n it_o may_v be_v say_v then_o that_o either_o romulus_n show_v but_o small_a sign_n of_o wisdom_n to_o make_v ordinance_n contrary_a to_o himself_o whereof_o be_v afterward_o aware_a he_o mean_v with_o a_o great_a error_n to_o take_v from_o the_o senate_n that_o authority_n which_o be_v now_o establish_v be_v soon_o after_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o death_n or_o we_o may_v say_v and_o better_o that_o romulus_n as_o have_v no_o child_n have_v no_o desire_n to_o leave_v rome_n under_o a_o regal_a government_n and_o the_o city_n have_v none_o in_o it_o but_o imperfect_a man_n he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o leave_v it_o a_o free_a state_n until_o by_o be_v govern_v first_o by_o one_o alone_o they_o shall_v learn_v to_o be_v able_a of_o themselves_o to_o hold_v that_o which_o to_o come_v to_o know_v they_o need_v first_o to_o be_v guide_v by_o a_o king_n just_o as_o swim_v master_n use_v to_o do_v who_o bear_v a_o hand_n over_o they_o they_o teach_v until_o such_o time_n as_o they_o grow_v able_a to_o govern_v themselves_o and_o then_o they_o leave_v they_o at_o their_o own_o liberty_n this_o make_v tiberius_n as_o dion_n report_v praise_n augustus_n so_o much_o though_o not_o without_o flattcry_n say_v he_o have_v imitate_v those_o physician_n who_o bar_v their_o patient_n the_o order_n of_o his_o own_o body_n they_o first_o restore_v the_o body_n to_o health_n before_o they_o allow_v he_o the_o order_n of_o it_o insomuch_o that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o romulus_n the_o people_n not_o yet_o grow_v to_o perfection_n there_o be_v not_o one_o man_n that_o once_o speak_v of_o liberty_n but_o all_o agree_v to_o desire_v a_o king_n regem_fw-la tamen_fw-la omnes_fw-la volebant_fw-la say_v livy_n libertatis_fw-la dulcedine_fw-la nondum_fw-la experta_fw-la it_o be_v not_o thus_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o tarquin_n for_o the_o people_n be_v then_o grow_v to_o perfection_n there_o be_v in_o the_o city_n good_a store_n of_o common_a wealth_n man_n fit_a to_o govern_v then_o to_o be_v govern_v and_o so_o come_v up_o this_o government_n most_o agreeable_a to_o nature_n which_o be_v as_o the_o philosopher_n say_v that_o he_o be_v commander_n of_o other_o who_o be_v wise_a than_o other_o and_o therefore_o numa_n pompilius_n need_v no_o guard_n to_o safeguard_v his_o life_n see_v government_n that_o be_v natural_a be_v a_o guard_n to_o themselves_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o our_o lord_n god_n the_o first_o time_n he_o give_v a_o king_n as_o the_o holy_a scripture_n say_v non_fw-la erat_fw-la similis_fw-la ei_fw-la in_o israel_n mean_v to_o show_v that_o he_o be_v not_o worthy_a to_o be_v ruler_n over_o other_o who_o be_v not_o wise_a than_o other_o there_o be_v then_o in_o those_o time_n such_o excellent_a man_n in_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n as_o aught_o rather_o to_o give_v then_o to_o take_v law_n from_o the_o tarquin_n they_o have_v in_o they_o a_o ardent_a desire_n to_o obtain_v that_o liberty_n in_o possession_n which_o they_o have_v now_o prevent_v with_o merit_n and_o therefore_o it_o appear_v that_o junius_n brutus_n even_o from_o his_o youth_n have_v this_o intention_n for_o go_v with_o the_o son_n of_o tarquin_n to_o the_o oracle_n to_o ask_v which_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v lord_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o oracle_n answer_v he_o that_o first_o shall_v kiss_v his_o mother_n he_o present_o kiss_v the_o earth_n and_o yet_o he_o know_v not_o then_o that_o tarquin_n shall_v ravish_v
contrary_a to_o the_o first_o and_o i_o doubt_n be_v at_o this_o day_n more_o use_v than_o be_v fit_a and_o it_o be_v to_o give_v ear_n and_o hear_v what_o every_o one_o say_v and_o to_o take_v any_o man_n counsel_n that_o will_v give_v it_o which_o thing_n be_v it_o speak_v with_o other_o leave_v seem_v to_o i_o not_o only_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o confusion_n but_o also_o to_o contempt_n because_o every_o one_o will_v then_o pretend_v to_o counsel_v the_o prince_n who_o hear_v continual_o such_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n must_v needs_o be_v confound_v in_o himself_o and_o despise_v of_o other_o whereupon_o in_o the_o history_n of_o tacitus_n when_o it_o be_v debate_v to_o send_v ambassador_n to_o vespasian_n elvidius_n priscus_n be_v of_o mind_n that_o man_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o judgement_n shall_v be_v send_v who_o may_v help_v the_o prince_n with_o good_a advice_n but_o marcellus_n epirius_fw-la be_v of_o another_o mind_n as_o know_v it_o to_o be_v a_o most_o distasteful_a thing_n to_o give_v a_o prince_n counsel_n without_o be_v require_v whereupon_o although_o plato_n commend_v cyrus_n for_o give_v leave_n to_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n to_o speak_v his_o opinion_n in_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v do_v yet_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v a_o thing_n dangerous_a for_o he_o that_o give_v it_o and_o more_o for_o he_o that_o take_v it_o and_o therefore_o claudius_n harken_v once_o to_o counsel_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v confound_v not_o know_v what_o he_o shall_v do_v turn_v himself_o sometime_o to_o one_o man_n counsel_n and_o sometime_o to_o another_o ipse_fw-la modo_fw-la huc_fw-la modo_fw-la illuc_fw-la ut_fw-la quemque_fw-la suadentium_fw-la audierat_fw-la and_o at_o last_o find_v his_o error_n he_o call_v a_o counsel_n a_o prince_n therefore_o in_o my_o opinion_n ought_v always_o to_o have_v about_o he_o he_o a_o band_n of_o experience_a man_n in_o quibus_fw-la sit_fw-la veritas_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la oderint_fw-la avaritiam_fw-la by_o truth_n be_v mean_v wisdom_n which_o according_a to_o the_o philosopher_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n and_o by_o covetousness_n be_v understand_v all_o vice_n because_o as_o the_o scripture_n say_v avaritia_fw-la est_fw-la principium_fw-la omnium_fw-la malorum_fw-la if_o then_o they_o have_v wisdom_n they_o will_v be_v able_a to_o give_v counsel_n and_o if_o they_o be_v free_a from_o vice_n they_o will_v give_v it_o but_o yet_o i_o hold_v it_o not_o fit_a that_o at_o their_o own_o pleasure_n without_o be_v call_v by_o the_o prince_n they_o shall_v fall_v a_o counsel_v which_o perhaps_o sallust_n know_v be_v the_o cause_n he_o dare_v not_o give_v tiberius_n counsel_n about_o the_o death_n of_o agrippa_n sed_fw-la monuit_fw-la liviam_fw-la ne_fw-la arcana_fw-la domus_fw-la consilia_fw-la amicorum_fw-la ministeria_fw-la militum_fw-la vulgarentur_fw-la a_o arrogancy_n not_o sufferable_a in_o a_o servant_n to_o presume_v to_o give_v his_o master_n counsel_n without_o be_v call_v and_o who_o know_v but_o this_o presumption_n in_o sallust_n may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o fall_n see_v he_o be_v out_o of_o the_o prince_n favour_n before_o he_o die_v as_o tacitus_n relate_v amasias_n be_v reprove_v by_o the_o prophet_n answer_v nunquid_fw-la consiliarius_fw-la regis_fw-la es_fw-la by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o those_o king_n use_v not_o to_o be_v counsel_v but_o by_o their_o counselor_n but_o if_o it_o be_v arrogancy_n in_o a_o servant_n to_o give_v counsel_n not_o be_v ask_v it_o as_o be_v much_o indiscretion_n in_o a_o prince_n not_o to_o ask_v it_o this_o be_v that_o i_o will_v have_v prince_n to_o do_v have_v always_o about_o they_o a_o band_n of_o choice_a counselor_n to_o ask_v their_o advice_n in_o all_o his_o affair_n so_o do_v nerva_n so_o solomon_n teach_v to_o do_v when_o in_o his_o proverb_n he_o say_v gloria_fw-la regum_fw-la est_fw-la investigare_fw-la sermonem_fw-la that_o be_v a_o prince_n ought_v not_o to_o stand_v expect_v he_o shall_v be_v counsel_v but_o rather_o it_o be_v fit_a he_o shall_v go_v and_o seek_v after_o counsel_n after_o a_o prince_n have_v hear_v the_o opinion_n of_o his_o counselor_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o he_o ought_v to_o deliver_v his_o own_o opinion_n and_o when_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n he_o shall_v do_v it_o as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v judge_v i_o think_v it_o not_o fit_a he_o shall_v deliver_v his_o own_o either_o first_o or_o last_o or_o in_o the_o midst_n for_o if_o he_o do_v it_o first_o all_o the_o rest_n will_v present_o consent_v and_o if_o he_o do_v it_o last_v every_o one_o will_v come_v about_o to_o his_o opinion_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o henry_n the_o three_o who_o as_o historian_n relate_v deliberate_v about_o the_o death_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o guise_n call_v four_o to_o counsel_n of_o who_o when_o two_o have_v speak_v their_o opinion_n the_o king_n have_v scarce_o hear_v they_o out_o when_o he_o deliver_v his_o own_o clean_o contrary_a to_o they_o whereupon_o the_o two_o that_o be_v to_o speak_v after_o present_o fall_v to_o be_v of_o the_o king_n opinion_n and_o the_o two_o that_o have_v speak_v before_o retract_v their_o former_a advice_n consent_v to_o that_o the_o king_n have_v determine_v which_o determination_n be_v the_o ruin_n afterward_o of_o france_n and_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o so_o in_o spain_n when_o it_o be_v deliberate_v about_o make_v peace_n between_o henry_n the_o four_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n after_z il_fw-fr moro_n have_v speak_v and_o the_o king_n son_n be_v present_a reply_v the_o contrary_a all_o the_o rest_n come_v present_o to_o be_v of_o his_o opinion_n whereupon_o not_o without_o great_a judgement_n cneius_n piso_n in_o tacitus_n when_o tiberius_n will_v deliver_v his_o opinion_n in_o a_o certain_a cause_n say_v quo_fw-la loco_fw-la censebis_fw-la c●…esar_n si_fw-la post_fw-la omnes_fw-la vereor_fw-la ne_fw-la imprudens_fw-la dissentiam_fw-la si_fw-la primus_fw-la habebo_fw-la quod_fw-la sequar_fw-la therefore_o tiberius_n another_o time_n command_v drusus_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o first_o to_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n the_o prince_n therefore_o shall_v be_v silent_a and_o find_v his_o counselor_n of_o different_a opinion_n let_v they_o debate_v the_o matter_n between_o themselves_o that_o he_o may_v see_v who_o give_v the_o best_a reason_n so_o he_o shall_v avoid_v contempt_n by_o not_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v counsel_v without_o ask_v it_o and_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v flatter_v if_o conceal_v his_o own_o opinion_n the_o truth_n be_v make_v manifest_a by_o l●…tting_v they_o debate_v it_o between_o themselves_o and_o last_o he_o shall_v show_v himself_o more_o learned_a and_o more_o wise_a than_o the_o other_o if_o of_o himself_o without_o any_o other_o direction_n intervening_a he_o shall_v determine_v the_o matter_n all_o these_o thing_n in_o my_o opinion_n be_v comprise_v in_o that_o place_n of_o ecclesiasticus_fw-la audi_fw-la tacens_fw-la simul_fw-la &_o qu●…rens_fw-la how_o can_v he_o be_v still_o that_o ask_v and_o hear_v but_o only_o as_o i_o have_v explain_v it_o to_o ask_v counsel_n in_o all_o thing_n to_o hear_v counsel_n and_o in_o hear_v they_o to_o be_v silent_a and_o after_o of_o himself_o to_o determine_v as_o reason_n advise_v in_o this_o regard_n the_o ancient_a poet_n feign_v that_o jupiter_n take_v counsel_n to_o be_v his_o wife_n mean_v to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o prince_n to_o be_v counsel_v and_o after_o that_o his_o wife_n be_v great_a with_o child_n he_o swallow_v she_o up_o and_o become_v himself_o great_a with_o child_n in_o his_o head_n and_o at_o the_o due_a time_n be_v deliver_v of_o pallas_n which_o be_v wisdom_n to_o show_v that_o counsel_n will_v be_v ruminate_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o that_o a_o prince_n ought_v not_o to_o suffer_v his_o counselor_n to_o be_v deliver_v themselves_o but_o aught_o by_o swallow_v they_o up_o to_o make_v that_o to_o be_v his_o own_o issue_n which_o be_v another_o that_o a_o prince_n ought_v to_o determine_v of_o himself_o and_o ought_v not_o to_o determine_v of_o himself_o that_o be_v determine_v with_o counsel_n be_v the_o best_a of_o those_o that_o be_v give_v he_o and_o so_o not_o of_o himself_o see_v the_o counsel_n be_v other_o man_n and_o yet_o of_o himself_o see_v the_o determination_n proceed_v from_o his_o own_o judgement_n i_o conceive_v it_o be_v sufficient_o express_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o king_n where_o solomon_n say_v dabis_fw-la ergo_fw-la servo_fw-la tuo_fw-la cor_fw-la dooile_n have_v say_v before_o dam_fw-la mihi_fw-la sapientiam_fw-la for_o explanation_n of_o which_o passage_n we_o must_v know_v that_o understanding_n can_v have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n but_o such_o as_o either_o it_o invent_v of_o itself_o or_o learn_v of_o other_o to_o the_o find_v they_o of_o itself_o be_v require_v a_o sharpness_n of_o wit_n and_o be_v
discourse_n upon_o cornelius_n tacitus_n write_a in_o italian_a by_o the_o learned_a marquesse_n virgilio_n malvezzi_n dedicate_v to_o the_o serenissimo_fw-la ferdinand_n the_o second_o great_a duke_n of_o thuscany_n and_o translate_v into_o english_a by_o sir_n richard_n baker_n knight_n london_n print_v by_o e._n g._n for_o r._n whitaker_n and_o tho._n whitaker_n at_o the_o king_n arm_n in_o s._n paul_n churchyard_n 1642._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a william_n lord_n viscount_n say_v and_o seal_n master_n of_o his_o highness_n court_n of_o ward_n and_o livery_n and_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a counsel_n most_o honour_a lord_n i_o shall_v not_o have_v the_o boldness_n to_o present_v this_o book_n unto_o your_o lordship_n if_o beside_o the_o great_a service_n i_o owe_v you_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o book_n do_v not_o invite_v i_o to_o it_o for_o consist_v of_o politic_a discourse_n and_o consideration_n of_o state_n it_o be_v most_o fit_a to_o be_v present_v to_o counselor_n of_o state_n among_o which_o i_o know_v not_o who_o better_a to_o present_v it_o to_o then_o to_o your_o lordship_n and_o no_o less_o than_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o book_n the_o author_n thereof_o invite_v i_o to_o it_o for_o be_v a_o learned_a lord_n of_o italy_n none_o more_o fit_a to_o entertain_v he_o then_o some_o learned_a lord_n of_o england_n of_o which_o number_n this_o kingdom_n afford_v none_o more_o eminent_a than_o your_o lordship_n i_o must_v not_o speak_v so_o much_o as_o i_o think_v for_o offend_v the_o modesty_n of_o your_o ear_n but_o i_o may_v bold_o speak_v so_o much_o as_o all_o the_o world_n see_v that_o nature_n and_o art_n have_v join_v together_o to_o make_v you_o perfect_a in_o your_o place_n which_o be_v to_o be_v a_o faithful_a counsellor_n to_o the_o king_n and_o a_o love_a patriot_n to_o your_o country_n for_o both_o which_o if_o i_o shall_v not_o myself_o acknowledge_v a_o obligation_n to_o you_o i_o may_v worthy_o be_v think_v unworthy_a to_o be_v account_v which_o i_o special_o desire_v to_o be_v your_o lordship_n humble_a and_o devote_a servant_n richard_n whitaker_n to_o the_o serenissimo_fw-la ferdinand_n the_o second_o great_a duke_n of_o thuscany_n my_o most_o gracious_a lord_n see_v to_o nothing_o i_o be_o more_o bind_v then_o to_o serve_v your_o highness_n i_o can_v consequent_o have_v any_o great_a desire_n than_o to_o be_v account_v your_o servant_n that_o as_o the_o benefit_n which_o our_o house_n continual_o receive_v be_v public_o know_v so_o the_o mark_n of_o my_o devotion_n may_v public_o appear_v which_o after_o dedicate_a myself_o to_o your_o highness_n i_o can_v better_v manifest_a then_o by_o offer_v these_o discourse_n which_o be_v so_o far_o unequal_a to_o your_o greatness_n and_o to_o what_o i_o owe_v you_o that_o it_o may_v well_o appear_v to_o be_v rather_o do_v for_o confession_n of_o my_o debt_n then_o for_o satisfaction_n of_o that_o obligation_n which_o as_o it_o can_v only_o receive_v abatement_n from_o your_o command_n so_o command_v come_v from_o so_o great_a a_o prince_n will_v have_v force_n again_o to_o make_v it_o the_o great_a vouchsafe_v then_o to_o honour_v i_o with_o command_v i_o thereby_o to_o make_v i_o the_o more_o oblige_v and_o be_v please_v to_o accept_v these_o weak_a labour_n with_o look_v upon_o the_o value_n which_o your_o heroical_a name_n give_v they_o and_o upon_o the_o weight_n which_o my_o devotion_n put_v upon_o they_o with_o which_o i_o wish_v to_o your_o highness_n all_o those_o felicity_n which_o as_o you_o give_v manifest_a proof_n to_o merit_n so_o by_o the_o divine_a goodness_n you_o shall_v happy_o obtain_v and_o so_o i_o present_v you_o the_o most_o humble_a reverence_n of_o your_o highness_n most_o devote_a servant_n virgilio_n malvezzi_n to_o the_o reader_n that_o young_a man_n may_v be_v good_a writer_n in_o the_o politic_n and_o why_o cornelius_n tacitus_n give_v so_o great_a contentment_n to_o they_o that_o read_v he_o in_o antiquis_fw-la est_fw-la sapientia_fw-la &_o in_o multo_fw-la tempore_fw-la prudentia_fw-la if_o it_o be_v true_a as_o true_a indeed_o it_o be_v which_o the_o holy_a text_n by_o the_o mouth_n of_o job_n intimate_v that_o only_o old_a man_n be_v wise_a certain_o it_o be_v in_o nothing_o more_o true_a then_o in_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o action_n whereupon_o the_o queen_n of_o saba_n hear_v the_o most_o wise_a solomon_n although_o by_o the_o answer_v he_o give_v to_o her_o question_n she_o find_v he_o be_v deep_o see_v in_o the_o secret_n of_o philosophy_n and_o in_o the_o mystery_n of_o divinity_n yet_o she_o make_v no_o show_n of_o wonder_v at_o it_o but_o when_o she_o find_v he_o endow_v with_o no_o less_o excellency_n in_o thing_n belong_v to_o action_n than_o she_o break_v forth_o into_o word_n of_o astonishment_n major_a est_fw-la sapientia_fw-la &_o opera_fw-la tua_fw-la quam_fw-la rumour_n quem_fw-la audivi_fw-la beati_fw-la viri_fw-la tui_fw-la &_o beati_fw-la servi_fw-la tui_fw-la qui_fw-la stant_fw-la coram_fw-la te_fw-la semper_fw-la &_o audiunt_fw-la sapientia_fw-la mtuam_fw-la show_v thereby_o that_o it_o be_v no_o great_a marvel_n for_o a_o young_a man_n to_o be_v excellent_a in_o thing_n of_o contemplation_n the_o marvel_n be_v if_o he_o be_v excellent_a in_o matter_n of_o action_n see_v those_o require_v only_o sharpness_n of_o wit_n which_o easy_o grow_v in_o verdant_a spirit_n these_o soundness_n of_o judgement_n which_o get_v not_o maturity_n but_o by_o long_a experience_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n aristotle_n exclude_v young_a man_n from_o active_a philosophy_n and_o a_o regard_n also_o to_o this_o have_v the_o author_n of_o the_o trivial_a say_n that_o young_a man_n may_v be_v good_a mathematician_n but_o not_o good_a philosopher_n i_o therefore_o may_v just_o be_v tax_v with_o overgreat_a boldness_n to_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o speak_v in_o matter_n of_o action_n be_v so_o young_a a_o man_n as_o i_o be_o when_o it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v stand_v to_o learn_v of_o other_o then_o to_o put_v myself_o forward_o to_o be_v a_o teacher_n and_o for_o this_o as_o s._n gregory_n well_o observe_v our_o lord_n christ_n in_o his_o childhood_n though_o he_o have_v teach_v and_o confound_v the_o doctor_n yet_o by_o all_o mean_n will_v have_v his_o mother_n find_v he_o harken_v to_o they_o as_o to_o learn_v of_o they_o the_o consideration_n of_o this_o will_v have_v stay_v i_o from_o undertake_v such_o a_o work_n be_v it_o not_o that_o i_o detest_v so_o much_o the_o name_n of_o idleness_n that_o for_o avoid_v of_o that_o i_o rather_o venture_v to_o incur_v the_o blame_n of_o too_o great_a boldness_n publish_v these_o my_o discourse_n which_o in_o one_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v have_v their_o beginning_n increase_n and_o finish_v and_o god_n grant_v that_o in_o the_o same_o year_n after_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n they_o have_v not_o also_o their_o decrease_n and_o abolish_n and_o that_o in_o come_v to_o the_o light_n they_o begin_v not_o like_o their_o author_n from_o darkness_n and_o then_o tarry_v in_o darkness_n still_o yet_o it_o be_v true_a that_o i_o have_v way_n enough_o to_o descend_v myself_o from_o such_o calumniation_n and_o first_o as_o to_o this_o particular_a objection_n that_o young_a man_n be_v not_o fit_a for_o action_n we_o must_v know_v that_o all_o action_n be_v precede_v by_o contemplation_n which_o be_v the_o action_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o understanding_n see_v a_o thing_n can_v be_v in_o the_o will_n till_o it_o be_v first_o in_o the_o understanding_n according_a to_o that_o well_o know_a rule_n nihil_fw-la volitum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la sit_fw-la praecognitum_fw-la as_o for_o example_n before_o it_o be_v determine_v to_o strike_v battle_n it_o be_v deliberate_v in_o counsel_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o contemplate_v whether_o the_o action_n be_v good_a or_o bad_a and_o this_o sallust_n show_v we_o where_o he_o say_v nam_n &_o priusquam_fw-la incipias_fw-la consulto_fw-la &_o ubi_fw-la consulueris_fw-la mature_a facto_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la and_o therefore_o to_o execute_v and_o do_v a_o thing_n well_o it_o be_v needful_a to_o have_v get_v a_o habit_n in_o the_o action_n which_o habit_n grow_v from_o many_o act_n often_o iterate_v require_v a_o experience_n which_o can_v be_v have_v without_o length_n of_o time_n and_o oftentimes_o not_o without_o a_o temper_n in_o the_o affection_n now_o for_o contemplate_v a_o action_n there_o need_v not_o so_o many_o thing_n but_o as_o he_o that_o be_v to_o execute_v a_o thing_n can_v do_v it_o well_o if_o he_o have_v not_o the_o habit_n and_o the_o habit_n he_o can_v have_v but_o by_o do_v many_o act_n so_o he_o that_o be_v to_o contemplate_v a_o action_n that_o be_v to_o be_v do_v must_v necessary_o have_v a_o knowledge_n of_o that_o action_n which_o we_o may_v call_v a_o habit_n of_o the_o
of_o which_o saint_n austin_n speak_v say_v that_o by_o this_o the_o holy_a ghost_n will_v intimate_v that_o carnal_a man_n shall_v be_v divide_v between_o themselves_o but_o good_a and_o spiritual_a man_n shall_v be_v keep_v in_o unity_n of_o who_o the_o prophet_n isaiah_n speak_v after_o he_o have_v say_v et_fw-fr fluent_a ad_fw-la eum_fw-la omnes_fw-la gentes_fw-la he_o add_v non_fw-la exercebuntur_fw-la ultra_fw-la ad_fw-la praelium_fw-la as_o if_o he_o will_v say_v that_o between_o the_o good_a there_o shall_v be_v always_o peace_n and_o therefore_o the_o dove_n return_v into_o the_o ark_n bring_v in_o her_o mouth_n a_o olive_n branch_n to_o show_v that_o the_o peace_n between_o good_a man_n ought_v to_o be_v perpetual_a as_o the_o leaf_n of_o the_o olive_n which_o be_v never_o dry_a or_o as_o the_o oil_n which_o get_v by_o time_n not_o less_o perfection_n but_o more_o purity_n let_v peace_n therefore_o be_v keep_v among_o the_o good_a and_o let_v discord_n be_v raise_v among_o the_o wicked_a imitate_v the_o discretion_n of_o physician_n who_o divide_v and_o cut_v off_o corrupt_a member_n but_o preserve_v and_o keep_v unite_v the_o sound_n whereupon_o our_o lord_n god_n in_o s._n matthew_n have_v leave_v write_v non_fw-la veni_fw-la mittere_fw-la pacem_fw-la sed_fw-la gladium_fw-la which_o place_n s._n chrysostome_n expound_v say_v quia_fw-la videlicet_fw-la praecipua_fw-la singularisque_fw-la pax_fw-la tunc_fw-la praestatur_fw-la quando_fw-la quod_fw-la tabo_fw-la vel_fw-la sanie_fw-la corruptum_fw-la est_fw-la abscinditur_fw-la at_o que_fw-la projicitur_fw-la quando_fw-la factiosa_fw-la &_o improba_fw-la pars_fw-la repellitur_fw-la aut_fw-la omnino_fw-la destruitur_fw-la sic_fw-la certe_fw-la coelis_fw-la terra_fw-la conjungi_fw-la potest_fw-la no_o &_o medice_fw-la hoc_fw-la modo_fw-la reliquum_fw-la corpus_fw-la conservat_fw-la facile_fw-la si_fw-la quod_fw-la reduci_fw-la ad_fw-la sanitatem_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la ceciderit_fw-la atque_fw-la abjecerit_fw-la &_o militiae_fw-la dux_n ad_fw-la solvendam_fw-la militum_fw-la conspirationem_fw-la alterum_fw-la in_o alterum_fw-la concitat_fw-la so_o do_v god_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o babel_n so_o do_v s._n paul_n in_o the_o conspiracy_n plot_v against_o he_o and_o this_o may_v suffice_v for_o declaration_n of_o my_o meaning_n now_o as_o to_o our_o purpose_n see_v discord_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o internal_a &_o external_a internal_a between_o citizen_n of_o the_o same_o city_n external_n between_o one_o city_n &_o another_o because_o it_o be_v a_o subject_n no_o less_o large_a than_o difficult_a i_o will_v divide_v it_o into_o four_o discourse_n in_o the_o first_o i_o will_v handle_v whether_o a_o external_a war_n with_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n be_v the_o best_a mean_n to_o hinder_v internal_a discord_n among_o christian_n in_o the_o second_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o at_o what_o time_n discord_n shall_v be_v raise_v with_o the_o enemy_n of_o our_o faith_n for_o our_o most_o advantage_n the_o three_o shall_v show_v what_o discord_n they_o be_v that_o serve_v to_o uphold_v the_o form_n of_o state_n in_o the_o last_o i_o will_v show_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o our_o imperfection_n there_o be_v necessary_a a_o certain_a discord_n which_o may_v be_v call_v a_o concord_n whether_o a_o external_a war_n with_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o faith_n be_v the_o best_a mean_n to_o hinder_v internal_a discord_n among_o christian_n the_o six_o discourse_n aristotle_n in_o his_o politic_n seem_v to_o think_v that_o fear_n may_v be_v a_o great_a mean_n to_o uphold_v commonwealth_n where_o he_o say_v conservantur_fw-la autem_fw-la respublicae_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la quia_fw-la procul_fw-la sunt_fw-la a_o periculis_fw-la sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la interdum_fw-la quia_fw-la propinquae_fw-la sunt_fw-la homines_fw-la enim_fw-la formidantes_fw-la vigilantius_fw-la intendunt_fw-la ad_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la custodiam_fw-la itaque_fw-la oportet_fw-la eos_fw-la qui_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la saluam_fw-la esse_fw-la volunt_fw-la formidines_fw-la quasdam_fw-la ut_fw-la caveant_fw-la neque_fw-la dissolvant_fw-la quasi_fw-la nocturnam_fw-la quandam_fw-la custodiam_fw-la reipublicas_fw-la observationem_fw-la whereupon_o many_o be_v persuade_v that_o a_o foreign_a war_n be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o maintain_v peace_n at_o home_n and_o sallust_n have_v a_o eye_n to_o this_o sai_z metus_fw-la bostilis_fw-la in_o bonis_fw-la artibus_fw-la civitatem_fw-la retinebat_fw-la and_o the_o roman_n as_o long_a as_o they_o have_v carthage_n for_o a_o opposite_a be_v free_a all_o that_o while_n from_o civil_a war_n and_o therefore_o scipio_n nasica_n account_v the_o wise_a man_n of_o his_o time_n and_o as_o such_o choose_a by_o the_o city_n to_o have_v the_o keep_n of_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o god_n in_o his_o house_n as_o the_o oracle_n have_v command_v give_v counsel_n that_o by_o no_o mean_n carthage_n shall_v be_v destroy_v timens_fw-la inf●…_n animus_fw-la say_v s._n austin_n hostem_fw-la securitatem_fw-la &_o tanquam_fw-la pupillis_fw-la civibus_fw-la tutorem_fw-la necessarium_fw-la videns_fw-la esse_fw-la terrorem_fw-la and_o in_o a_o manner_n with_o the_o same_o word_n have_v livy_n intimate_v the_o same_o conceit_n disciplina_fw-la erat_fw-la custos_fw-la infirmitatis_fw-la qua_fw-la inter_fw-la validiores_fw-la optime_fw-la timor_fw-la continet_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o athenian_n as_o plato_n relate_v never_o attain_v to_o great_a perfection_n then_o when_o the_o persian_n assail_v greece_n but_o yet_o this_o rule_n as_o many_o other_o in_o the_o politic_n though_o it_o be_v sometime_o good_a yet_o be_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v always_o and_o in_o general_a for_o a_o politician_n in_o this_o case_n must_v do_v as_o a_o physician_n apply_v to_o one_o complexion_n one_o medicine_n and_o to_o another_o a_o divers_a and_o oftentimes_o to_o the_o same_o patient_n in_o diversity_n of_o disease_n diversity_n of_o medicine_n and_o more_o than_o this_o to_o the_o same_o patient_n in_o the_o same_o disease_n apply_v diverse_a medicine_n according_a to_o diversity_n of_o time_n and_o therefore_o vindicianus_n the_o physician_n as_o s._n austin_n relate_v have_v give_v a_o medicine_n to_o a_o sick_a friend_n of_o he_o at_o that_o time_n it_o heal_v he_o but_o after_o some_o year_n the_o same_o man_n fall_v again_o into_o the_o same_o disease_n and_o use_v without_o far_a counsel_n of_o his_o physician_n the_o former_a medicine_n it_o do_v he_o no_o good_a whereat_o marvel_v and_o ask_v vindicianus_n the_o cause_n he_o answer_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la intellexerat_fw-la videlicet●…_n illi_fw-la aetati_fw-la jam_fw-la non_fw-la hoc_fw-la se_fw-la fuisse_fw-la facturum_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o we_o must_v not_o so_o much_o consider_v that_o the_o person_n which_o use_v the_o medicine_n be_v the_o same_o as_o that_o the_o time_n be_v diverse_a and_o if_o the_o diversity_n of_o time_n be_v of_o so_o great_a moment_n of_o what_o moment_n be_v the_o diversity_n of_o individual_n we_o may_v therefore_o conclude_v with_o aristotle_n in_o many_o place_n of_o his_o ethic_n that_o in_o thing_n belong_v to_o particular_n there_o can_v be_v give_v any_o rule_n universal_a i_o will_v therefore_o distinguish_v man_n and_o consequent_o city_n see_v city_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o communion_n of_o man_n assemble_v together_o to_o live_v well_o as_o the_o philosopher_n define_v they_o afterward_o i_o will_v divide_v the_o time_n and_o last_o the_o form_n of_o state_n of_o man_n some_o be_v quiet_a some_o turbulent_a some_o addict_v to_o merchandise_n some_o to_o study_v so_o of_o city_n whether_o by_o any_o power_n of_o the_o air_n or_o of_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o star_n some_o one_o be_v full_a of_o sharp_a wit_n fit_a for_o merchandize_v other_o of_o stout_a spirit_n fit_a for_o arm_n some_o have_v ordinance_n which_o lead_v they_o in_o a_o way_n of_o peace_n other_o of_o war_n sometime_o they_o be_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n of_o so_o strong_a a_o situation_n that_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o difficulty_n to_o be_v assault_v they_o be_v altogether_o careless_a of_o military_a profession_n in_o this_o last_o case_n it_o will_v be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o maintain_v peace_n at_o home_n to_o which_o they_o be_v either_o call_v by_o nature_n or_o aid_v by_o art_n and_o especial_o if_o the_o inhabitant_n shall_v give_v themselves_o to_o such_o exercise_n which_o keep_v man_n from_o dissension_n but_o if_o the_o citizen_n be_v of_o stout_a nature_n and_o imperfect_a i_o mean_v not_o in_o essence_n for_o i_o well_o know_v by_o divinity_n that_o every_o creature_n in_o its_o essence_n be_v perfect_a it_o will_v then_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v fear_n and_o this_o s._n austin_n mean_v when_o he_o say_v infirmis_fw-la animus_fw-la hostem_fw-la securitatem_fw-la and_o there_o be_v good_a reason_n for_o it_o for_o if_o they_o fear_v to_o be_v overcome_v of_o a_o enemy_n they_o will_v strive_v to_o overcome_v their_o own_o will_n and_o take_v for_o a_o master_n the_o fear_n of_o virtue_n and_o therefore_o our_o lord_n god_n when_o he_o give_v joshua_n the_o land_n of_o promise_n as_o he_o have_v promise_v to_o abraham_n