be_v not_o entire_o unite_v to_o the_o kingdom_n till_o the_o year_n 1501_o by_o albert_n duke_n of_o lithuania_n who_o be_v choose_v king_n of_o poland_n this_o duchy_n contain_v eight_o palatinate_n viz._n vilnae_n troki_n bressici_fw-la nowogrodeck_n minsk_n mseislaw_n vitepsk_n and_o polosk_n it_o be_v a_o hundred_o league_n long_o and_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o broad_a and_o be_v border_v by_o muscovy_n on_o the_o north_n and_o east_n by_o russia_n and_o volhinia_n on_o the_o south_n and_o by_o samogitia_n prussia_n and_o podlachia_n on_o the_o west_n the_o chief_a river_n of_o the_o great_a duchy_n be_v the_o nieman_n and_o the_o dzwina_n the_o province_n of_o russia_n which_o be_v unite_v to_o poland_n by_o king_n casimir_n the_o great_a anno_fw-la 1341_o be_v border_v by_o lithuania_n on_o the_o north_n and_o by_o the_o mountain_n of_o hungary_n and_o transilvania_n on_o the_o south_n it_o have_v upper_a volhinia_n and_o upper_a podolia_n on_o the_o east_n and_o little_a poland_n on_o the_o west_n it_o contain_v three_o palatinate_n leopold_n chelm_fw-ge and_o belch_n the_o principal_a river_n that_o run_v through_o it_o be_v the_o bugg_n bokutia_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o palatinate_n of_o leopold_n be_v a_o small_a country_n border_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o niester_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n it_o be_v sell_v to_o poland_n with_o the_o town_n of_o sniatyn_n and_o kolomey_n upon_o the_o river_n prut_fw-mi by_o alexander_n palatin_n of_o valachia_n for_o 500_o ounce_n of_o silver_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o pokutia_n be_v halioz_n on_o the_o niester_n whither_o lewis_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o hungary_n transfer_v the_o archbishopric_n of_o leopold_n anno_fw-la 1375_o with_o a_o design_n to_o join_v russia_n podâ—lia_n and_o pokutia_n to_o hungary_n because_o of_o their_o sertility_n but_o the_o whole_a polish_v nobility_n take_v up_o arm_n to_o oppose_v that_o enterprise_n and_o make_v so_o much_o noise_n about_o it_o in_o the_o diet_n that_o the_o archbishopric_n be_v restore_v to_o leopold_n prussia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o balâ—â—k_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n with_o great_a poland_n and_o masâ—â—â—_n 〈◊〉_d the_o east_n with_o lithuania_n and_o on_o the_o west_n 〈…〉_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n be_v long_a 〈◊〉_d with_o a_o cruel_a and_o bloody_a war_n about_o the_o procession_n of_o this_o province_n for_o when_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o syria_n by_o the_o saracen_n they_o be_v receive_v by_o conrade_n duke_n of_o prussia_n and_o brother_n to_o lescus_n king_n of_o poland_n who_o find_v himself_o unable_a to_o defend_v his_o country_n against_o the_o continual_a incursion_n of_o the_o idolatrous_a prussian_n call_v in_o those_o knight_n to_o his_o assistance_n in_o the_o year_n 1228_o promise_v they_o half_o of_o what_o they_o can_v conquer_v in_o prussia_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n put_v they_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o province_n of_o culm_n till_o they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o some_o part_n of_o the_o country_n this_o be_v the_o fatal_a spring_n of_o all_o the_o difference_n which_o engage_v poland_n in_o a_o war_n that_o be_v carry_v on_o with_o so_o obstinate_a a_o fury_n for_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n grow_v at_o last_o so_o formidable_a to_o their_o neighbour_n and_o by_o successive_a victory_n raise_v their_o power_n to_o such_o a_o height_n that_o after_o they_o have_v subdue_v all_o prussia_n they_o give_v many_o battle_n to_o the_o polander_n who_o can_v never_o utter_o expel_v they_o though_o they_o sometime_o obtain_v considerable_a victory_n over_o they_o as_o in_o the_o battle_n which_o jagillon_n fight_v against_o grunwald_n and_o tanneberg_n in_o the_o year_n 1400._o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o teutonick_n knight_n be_v so_o proud_a of_o their_o new_a conquest_n that_o forget_v their_o original_a and_o scorn_v the_o humble_a and_o samiliar_a name_n of_o brother_n with_o which_o their_o religious_a constitution_n oblige_v they_o to_o content_v themselves_o they_o begin_v open_o to_o claim_v the_o title_n of_o lord_n notwithstanding_o the_o pious_a zeal_n of_o their_o great_a master_n vlric_n who_o endeavour_v to_o oppose_v so_o scandalous_a a_o innovation_n and_o though_o they_o be_v frequent_o beat_v by_o the_o polander_n they_o cease_v not_o to_o continue_v the_o war_n because_o they_o be_v assist_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o by_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o austrian_a family_n can_v never_o endure_v that_o the_o polander_n shall_v recover_v prussia_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o follow_a instance_n when_o sigismond_n k._n of_o poland_n send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o diet_n at_o augsburg_n anno_fw-la 1530_o to_o justify_v his_o pretension_n to_o that_o province_n the_o difference_n be_v adjust_v in_o favour_n of_o poland_n but_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o emperor_n charles_n v_n the_o resolution_n of_o the_o diet_n take_v no_o effect_n these_o knight_n assume_v such_o a_o absolute_a and_o independent_a authority_n that_o they_o will_v not_o submit_v even_o to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o pope_n for_o locticus_n king_n of_o poland_n have_v send_v to_o avignon_n to_o complain_v that_o these_o military_a friar_n have_v usurp_v one_o of_o his_o province_n the_o pope_n order_v they_o to_o restore_v it_o upon_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n but_o they_o have_v so_o little_a regard_n to_o his_o menace_n that_o they_o refuse_v positive_o to_o quit_v their_o possession_n under_o the_o same_o loctâ—us_a the_o chancellor_n of_o pomerania_n a_o factious_a man_n and_o a_o secret_a enemy_n to_o his_o sovereign_n plot_v to_o deliver_v up_o that_o province_n to_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n but_o he_o be_v take_v and_o put_v in_o prison_n before_o he_o can_v execute_v his_o treacherous_a design_n nevertheless_o the_o king_n pardon_v he_o at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o brother_n however_o it_o seem_v the_o affront_n he_o think_v he_o have_v receive_v make_v a_o strong_a impression_n upon_o he_o than_o the_o spare_n of_o his_o life_n for_o not_o long_o after_o he_o put_v several_a town_n of_o pomerania_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o city_n of_o danâ—â—c_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n one_o bâ—â—â—sia_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o citadel_n of_o daâ—tzâ—c_n for_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n defend_v that_o place_n and_o acquaint_v his_o master_n with_o the_o present_a exigency_n of_o his_o affair_n but_o before_o the_o polanâ—â—_n can_v come_v up_o to_o his_o assistance_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o call_v in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d knight_n allow_v they_o half_o the_o government_n of_o the_o ciradel_n of_o dartzie_n provide_v they_o will_v defend_v it_o entire_o a_o whole_a year_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o citadel_n be_v not_o only_o preserve_v but_o the_o town_n itself_o be_v retake_v but_o the_o polander_n have_v no_o reason_n to_o boast_v of_o that_o success_n for_o their_o pretend_a friend_n be_v so_o far_o from_o content_v themselves_o with_o the_o promise_a reward_n of_o their_o service_n that_o they_o resolve_v to_o make_v themselves_o the_o sole_a master_n of_o the_o citadel_n notwithstanding_o the_o repeat_v remonstrance_n of_o bogusta_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o faithful_a polander_n and_o this_o open_a violation_n of_o a_o solemn_a treaty_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o a_o bloody_a war_n which_o create_v so_o implacable_a a_o animosity_n betwixt_o the_o polander_n and_o their_o encroach_a neighbour_n that_o the_o least_o pretence_n be_v sufficient_a to_o rekindle_v the_o flame_n and_o afterward_o when_o casimir_n the_o grandson_n of_o locticus_n renew_v his_o complaint_n against_o they_o and_o prevail_v with_o the_o pope_n to_o excommunicate_v they_o if_o they_o will_v not_o restore_v that_o usurp_a province_n they_o slight_v both_o he_o and_o his_o excommunication_n but_o at_o last_o by_o the_o peace_n which_o be_v conclude_v betwixt_o casimir_n and_o the_o order_n it_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o the_o great_a master_n shall_v be_v acknowledge_v as_o a_o prince_n and_o senator_n of_o the_o republic_n under_o the_o protection_n and_o dominion_n of_o poland_n some_o time_n after_o the_o province_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n call_v the_o royal_a and_o ducal_z prussia_n albert_n of_o brandenburg_n great_a master_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n have_v turn_v lutheran_n and_o be_v marry_v fix_v his_o residence_n in_o this_o province_n and_o sigismond_n yield_v up_o to_o he_o the_o ducal_z prussia_n on_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v remain_v a_o vassal_n to_o poland_n and_o by_o the_o peace_n of_o oliva_n make_v in_o the_o year_n 1660_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o ducal_z prussia_n be_v final_o yield_v up_o to_o the_o elector_n of_o brendâ—â—â—ing_n thus_o at_o present_a it_o
boldness_n to_o attack_v poland_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n michael_n where_o they_o enter_v vkrania_n with_o a_o powerful_a army_n and_o easy_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o caminieck_n which_o the_o polander_n can_v never_o retake_v since_o but_o as_o poland_n can_v not_o choose_v a_o poor_a so_o they_o can_v not_o have_v choose_v a_o more_o liberal_a prince_n than_o king_n michael_n and_o as_o he_o be_v whole_o destitute_a of_o the_o mean_n to_o display_v that_o noble_a and_o princely_a quality_n so_o providence_n order_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v proclaim_v king_n he_o find_v himself_o master_n of_o rich_a furniture_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o plate_n than_o any_o of_o the_o king_n his_o predecessor_n have_v ever_o enjoy_v for_o all_o the_o senator_n and_o gentleman_n who_o be_v able_a to_o make_v any_o considerable_a present_n strive_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o emulation_n to_o express_v their_o affection_n to_o their_o new_a sovereign_n so_o that_o on_o the_o day_n of_o his_o election_n he_o be_v so_o amaze_v at_o such_o a_o sudden_a and_o unexpected_a alteration_n that_o he_o can_v hardly_o forbear_v look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o golden_a dream_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o proclaim_v but_o the_o chancellor_n begin_v to_o insinuate_v that_o he_o owe_v his_o crown_n to_o he_o nor_o be_v it_o a_o difficult_a task_n to_o impose_v upon_o a_o prince_n who_o be_v easy_o govern_v and_o have_v more_o good_a nature_n than_o judgement_n thus_o the_o chancellor_n have_v the_o pleasure_n to_o see_v that_o his_o power_n be_v as_o great_a as_o his_o ambition_n but_o that_o satisfaction_n be_v sufficient_o moderate_v by_o the_o trouble_n and_o division_n that_o happen_v under_o his_o ministry_n for_o have_v persuade_v the_o king_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o republic_n to_o marry_v the_o emperor_n sister_n by_o who_o he_o have_v no_o child_n there_o be_v such_o a_o considerable_a party_n form_v against_o that_o prince_n that_o he_o be_v in_o perpetual_a danger_n of_o be_v dethrone_v and_o reduce_v in_o a_o cloister_n to_o great_a misery_n than_o that_o which_o he_o suffer_v before_o his_o election_n and_o to_o heighten_v his_o assliction_n he_o perceive_v that_o queen_n eleanor_n his_o wife_n be_v engage_v in_o the_o party_n that_o will_v have_v oblige_v he_o to_o resign_v his_o crown_n that_o she_o may_v marry_v a_o handsome_a and_o brave_a prince_n who_o picture_n she_o have_v see_v and_o who_o without_o doubt_n have_v be_v king_n of_o poland_n if_o death_n jealous_a of_o the_o happiness_n of_o that_o country_n have_v not_o snatch_v he_o away_o in_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o age_n to_o the_o regret_n of_o all_o the_o world_n and_o particular_o of_o q._n eleanor_n who_o can_v not_o forbear_v express_v her_o sorrow_n by_o her_o tear_n when_o she_o hear_v the_o news_n of_o his_o death_n among_o the_o several_a prince_n who_o pretend_v to_o dispossess_v king_n michael_n duke_n augustus_n ernest_n of_o brunswick_n bishop_n of_o osnabrug_n who_o will_v have_v willing_o exchange_v both_o his_o bishopric_n and_o religion_n for_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n be_v one_o but_o he_o be_v marry_v he_o will_v have_v meet_v with_o great_a obstacle_n than_o the_o prince_n i_o just_a noun_n mention_v chap._n xv._o of_o the_o diet_n in_o general_n though_o as_o a_o mark_n of_o the_o obedience_n and_o respect_n which_o christian_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o clergy_n the_o polander_n have_v think_v fit_a to_o give_v the_o bishop_n the_o precedency_n in_o their_o diet_n as_o be_v the_o minister_n and_o dispenser_n of_o holy_a thing_n it_o have_v be_v sometime_o observe_v that_o the_o laity_n have_v take_v the_o liberty_n to_o dispute_v that_o honour_n with_o they_o thus_o at_o the_o diet_n hold_v at_o lublin_n 1501._o under_o the_o reign_n of_o alexander_n the_o ii_o there_o happen_v a_o great_a contest_v betwixt_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o temporal_a senator_n for_o though_o the_o latter_a be_v willing_a that_o the_o bishop_n shall_v be_v seat_v all_o in_o a_o row_n on_o the_o king_n be_v right_a hand_n they_o desire_v that_o they_o may_v also_o sit_v in_o a_o row_n on_o his_o left_a hand_n that_o so_o they_o may_v not_o be_v altogether_o beneath_o they_o this_o controversy_n be_v long_o and_o hot_o agitate_a but_o at_o last_o the_o king_n decide_v it_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o bishop_n declare_v that_o they_o shall_v still_o enjoy_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n to_o sit_v next_o the_o king_n both_o on_o his_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n a_o general_n diet_n in_o poland_n be_v a_o meeting_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o one_o place_n to_o consult_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o republic_n the_o king_n may_v appoint_v the_o meeting_n where_o he_o think_v fit_a except_o the_o diet_n of_o the_o coronation_n which_o can_v only_o be_v hold_v at_o cracow_n but_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n it_o have_v be_v always_o in_o the_o king_n power_n to_o appoint_v the_o place_n of_o their_o meeting_n it_o be_v true_a that_o for_o some_o time_n they_o have_v be_v always_o hold_v at_o warsaw_n but_o the_o lithuanian_n have_v make_v a_o complaint_n some_o year_n ago_o that_o they_o be_v expose_v to_o all_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a journey_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o one_o of_o three_o diet_n shall_v for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o lithuanian_n be_v hold_v at_o grodno_n a_o city_n of_o lithuania_n in_o the_o palatinat_a of_o troki_n on_o the_o river_n niemen_n about_o twenty_o league_n from_o vilna_n it_o be_v seat_v partly_o upon_o a_o plain_a and_o partly_o upon_o a_o eminence_n and_o be_v defend_v by_o a_o castle_n which_o be_v take_v and_o sack_v by_o the_o muscovite_n in_o the_o year_n 1655_o when_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v harass_v by_o the_o swede_n the_o other_o two_o diet_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v at_o warsaw_n which_o from_o the_o election_n of_o sigismond_n iii_o to_o that_o of_o john_n iii_o be_v always_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n it_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o vistula_n in_o the_o province_n of_o massovia_n and_o the_o diocese_n of_o posnania_n there_o be_v a_o fine_a palace_n in_o this_o city_n which_o sigssmund_n build_v after_o his_o election_n but_o there_o be_v no_o avenue_n to_o it_o and_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v situate_v be_v so_o straighten_v that_o one_o must_v in_o a_o manner_n divine_a how_o to_o go_v into_o it_o it_o have_v a_o very_a fine_a prospect_n but_o be_v whole_o destitute_a of_o water_n garden_n or_o tree_n nor_o can_v those_o defect_n be_v supply_v because_o on_o the_o one_o side_n it_o be_v bound_v by_o the_o house_n of_o the_o city_n and_o on_o the_o other_o by_o the_o vistula_n warsaw_n be_v compose_v of_o two_o city_n join_v together_o the_o old_a town_n which_o be_v wall_v with_o brick_n be_v small_a and_o ill_o pave_v as_o be_v all_o the_o city_n of_o poland_n but_o to_o make_v amends_o it_o be_v populous_a and_o enjoy_v a_o good_a trade_n the_o new_a town_n which_o be_v join_v to_o it_o be_v not_o considerable_a beside_o those_o two_o city_n there_o be_v also_o the_o great_a suburb_n of_o cracow_n the_o house_n of_o which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n build_v and_o cover_v with_o wood_n except_o some_o palace_n which_o certain_a person_n of_o quality_n have_v begin_v to_o build_v before_o the_o swedish_n invasion_n both_o because_o the_o king_n vladislaus_n and_o casimir_n have_v a_o palace_n there_o where_o they_o usual_o reside_v and_o because_o those_o prince_n design_v to_o enclose_v that_o suburb_n and_o the_o two_o city_n with_o 16_o bastion_n which_o they_o have_v already_o mark_v out_o and_o whereof_o some_o footstep_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v the_o abovementioned_a palace_n where_o the_o king_n vladislaus_n and_o casimir_n reside_v have_v a_o garden_n but_o be_v destitute_a both_o of_o water_n and_o tree_n there_o be_v still_o a_o chapel_n in_o that_o suburb_n call_v the_o muscovite_n chapel_n which_o sigismond_n iii_o build_v for_o the_o bury_v place_n of_o a_o duke_n of_o muscovie_n and_o his_o brother_n who_o die_v in_o prison_n at_o gostynin_n in_o the_o palatinat_a of_o rava_n about_o three_o league_n from_o the_o city_n of_o plocsko_n upon_o the_o vistula_n to_o leave_v to_o posterity_n a_o monument_n of_o his_o victory_n over_o the_o muscovite_n it_o be_v some_o time_n ago_o give_v to_o the_o dominican_n friar_n who_o have_v settle_v a_o convent_n in_o it_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o poland_n to_o hold_v petty_a diet_n in_o all_o the_o palatinat_n before_o they_o hold_v a_o great_a or_o general_a diet._n these_o petty_a diet_n must_v be_v summon_v three_o week_n before_o they_o can_v be_v hold_v and_o hold_v six_o week_n before_o the_o general_a diet_n in_o order_n to_o their_o meeting_n the_o king_n send_v
present_n of_o flesh_n fish_n stuff_n hay_n and_o oat_n the_o starosty_n ought_v only_o to_o be_v give_v to_o old_a officer_n who_o have_v serve_v long_a time_n in_o the_o army_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v super-annuated_n for_o the_o polish_v word_n starosc_n signify_v old_a age_n and_o he_o who_o enjoy_v one_o of_o those_o estate_n be_v call_v starosta_n from_o starry_a which_o signify_v a_o old_a man._n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o starosty_n some_o be_v empower_v to_o exercise_v a_o jurisdiction_n through_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o their_o territory_n whereas_o there_o be_v other_o without_o any_o jurisdiction_n the_o first_o be_v the_o most_o considerable_a though_o they_o be_v not_o always_o the_o rich_a each_o starosta_n be_v oblige_v to_o give_v the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o his_o starostie_a to_o the_o republic_n and_o no_o man_n can_v possess_v two_o of_o those_o who_o have_v jurisdiction_n the_o king_n may_v bestow_v the_o reversion_n of_o a_o starostie_a upon_o the_o starosta_n wife_n except_o in_o rússia_n which_o be_v a_o frontier_n province_n for_o since_o a_o starostie_a be_v a_o government_n the_o republic_n suppose_v that_o the_o governor_n ought_v to_o reside_v upon_o the_o place_n but_o polish_v gentleman_n may_v be_v make_v governor_n of_o frontier_n place_n because_o the_o republic_n rely_v more_o upon_o their_o fidelity_n than_o upon_o that_o of_o foreigner_n though_o they_o be_v sometime_o deceive_v in_o this_o maxim_n for_o he_o who_o surrender_v the_o city_n of_o caminiec_n to_o the_o turk_n without_o make_v any_o resistance_n be_v not_o only_o a_o gentleman_n of_o poland_n but_o even_o a_o palatine_n as_o for_o the_o saltwork_n of_o poland_n the_o most_o considerable_a be_v those_o of_o vieluczka_n and_o boehinia_n about_o five_o league_n from_o cracow_n which_o yield_v about_o 400000_o livre_n yearly_o they_o be_v find_v out_o in_o the_o year_n 1252._o they_o resemble_v deep_a mine_n dug_n in_o the_o earth_n to_o which_o they_o descend_v by_o a_o hole_n like_a to_o that_o of_o a_o quarry_n the_o workman_n who_o be_v employ_v in_o digging_z out_o the_o salt_n begin_v to_o enter_v the_o pit_n at_o midnight_n and_o those_o who_o go_v down_o first_o begin_v to_o come_v out_o about_o noon_n because_o they_o must_v be_v let_v down_o and_o draw_v up_o with_o a_o great_a rope_n like_o that_o with_o which_o large_a stone_n be_v raise_v up_o out_o of_o quarry_n as_o they_o dig_v the_o salt_n out_o of_o the_o mine_n they_o must_v leave_v great_a pillar_n from_o place_n to_o place_n to_o support_v the_o earth_n and_o since_o these_o vault_a pit_n be_v all_o cover_v with_o salt_n when_o one_o go_v down_o into_o they_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v surround_v with_o a_o thousand_o crystal_n which_o reflect_v the_o light_n of_o the_o torch_n there_o be_v some_o part_n of_o they_o dug_n so_o far_o that_o it_o will_v be_v dangerous_a to_o go_v into_o they_o because_o one_o may_v easy_o lose_v himself_o in_o these_o labyrinth_n the_o salt_n be_v take_v out_o in_o large_a column_n which_o be_v loosen_v from_o the_o mine_n be_v draw_v by_o horse_n just_a under_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o pit_n and_o afterward_o draw_v up_o like_o stone_n out_o of_o a_o quarry_n the_o horse_n continue_v always_o in_o those_o subterranean_a cavern_n but_o the_o man_n come_v out_o every_o day_n and_o which_o be_v very_o remarkable_a there_o be_v a_o spring_n of_o sweet_a water_n in_o the_o salt-pit_n of_o which_o both_o the_o man_n and_o horse_n drink_v after_o the_o salt_n be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o pit_n they_o carry_v those_o great_a piece_n or_o column_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n except_o prussia_n where_o they_o only_o use_v french_a salt_n before_o the_o polish_v salt_n can_v be_v use_v it_o must_v be_v beat_v to_o piece_n and_o then_o ground_n in_o a_o mill._n beside_o these_o pit_n of_o bochnia_n and_o vieluczka_n there_o be_v other_o saltwork_n at_o halicz_n in_o pokutia_n on_o the_o neister_n at_o kolomey_n in_o the_o same_o province_n on_o the_o river_n prut_fw-mi and_o at_o pinsk_n a_o city_n of_o lithuania_n in_o polâ—sia_n and_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v some_o other_o which_o belong_v to_o private_a man_n for_o there_o be_v a_o express_a law_n that_o the_o republic_n shall_v not_o pretend_v a_o right_n to_o the_o mine_n of_o salt_n or_o of_o any_o metal_n which_o be_v find_v in_o any_o gentleman_n land_n there_o be_v also_o white_a salt_n make_v in_o many_o other_o place_n of_o poland_n as_o in_o the_o palatinat_a of_o craeow_fw-mi between_o oswiecin_n upon_o the_o vistula_n and_o mount_v crapat_fw-la but_o this_o salt_n be_v for_o the_o king_n use_n beside_o they_o make_v great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n in_o russia_n by_o boil_a salt-water_n which_o cost_v they_o little_a because_o that_o province_n be_v all_o cover_v with_o wood_n there_o be_v also_o some_o mine_n of_o lead_n mix_v with_o silver_n in_o the_o burrough_n of_o ilkusch_n slankow_n kranow_n and_o nowoguiia_n which_o be_v in_o the_o palatinat_a of_o cracow_n and_o in_o that_o of_o sandomir_n there_o be_v saltpetre_n at_o vieliczca_n there_o be_v also_o vitriol_n find_v at_o byecz_n and_o quicksilver_n at_o tustan_n in_o pokutia_n towards_o the_o mountain_n the_o ecclesiastic_a estate_n be_v the_o benefice_n as_o bishopric_n abbacy_n priory_n canonship_n curacy_n and_o all_o the_o land_n that_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o regular_a clergy_n the_o benefice_n be_v not_o so_o numerous_a as_o in_o france_n for_o there_o be_v but_o sixteen_o bishopric_n and_o some_o abbacy_n but_o the_o bishopric_n be_v of_o a_o great_a extent_n and_o endow_v with_o large_a revenue_n some_o of_o these_o prelate_n have_v above_o 100000_o liver_n yearly_o rend_v the_o patrimonial_a estate_n belong_v proper_o to_o the_o polander_n whether_o the_o right_a of_o succession_n be_v by_o purchase_n or_o inheritance_n and_o consist_v in_o house_n land_n town_n village_n lake_n mill_n meadow_n and_o wood_n but_o especial_o in_o peasant_n for_o a_o gentleman_n riches_n be_v value_v by_o the_o number_n of_o his_o peasant_n every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v worth_a 100_o livre_n a_o year_n to_o his_o master_n these_o peasant_n be_v slave_n and_o can_v possess_v any_o thing_n all_o that_o they_o heap_v together_o belong_v to_o their_o lord_n who_o they_o can_v leave_v without_o his_o permission_n unless_o they_o turn_v priest_n or_o friar_n but_o these_o miserable_a wretch_n work_v so_o hard_o without_o intermission_n that_o they_o have_v no_o time_n to_o study_v in_o order_n to_o fit_n themseive_v for_o admittance_n among_o the_o secular_a or_o regular_a clergy_n except_o only_o in_o the_o quality_n of_o lay-brother_n which_o the_o polish_v gentleman_n take_v also_o care_v to_o prevent_v by_o oblige_v they_o to_o marry_o young_a that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o convent_v to_o settle_v a_o peasant_n upon_o a_o piece_n of_o land_n or_o in_o a_o village_n the_o lord_n cause_v a_o cottage_n of_o wood_n to_o be_v build_v for_o he_o and_o give_v he_o two_o little_a horse_n one_o cow_n some_o hen_n goose_n and_o rye_n to_o subsist_v upon_o for_o a_o year_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o appoint_v a_o certain_a piece_n of_o ground_n in_o the_o village_n which_o the_o peasant_n be_v oblige_v to_o till_o for_o his_o landlord_n and_o upon_o which_o he_o be_v to_o maintain_v himself_o for_o the_o future_a for_o all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o village_n belong_v to_o the_o lord_n the_o settle_n of_o a_o peasant_n cost_v a_o gentleman_n nothing_o but_o the_o price_n which_o he_o pay_v for_o he_o because_o the_o other_o peasant_n of_o the_o village_n build_v the_o house_n and_o furnish_v the_o cattle_n poultry_n and_o all_o that_o he_o give_v to_o his_o new_a subject_n who_o with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v oblige_v to_o work_v four_o day_n in_o the_o week_n for_o his_o master_n and_o to_o spend_v the_o other_o two_o day_n in_o tilling_n the_o ground_n which_o be_v give_v he_o for_o his_o subsistance_n when_o harvest_n come_v all_o the_o peasant_n of_o the_o village_n go_v out_o together_o to_o cut_v down_o and_o gather_v in_o the_o corn_n for_o their_o lord_n who_o appoint_v certain_a person_n to_o oversee_v their_o work_n and_o to_o beat_v they_o when_o they_o be_v idle_a for_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o peasant_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o pillory_n in_o every_o village_n on_o which_o those_o miserable_a wretch_n be_v sometime_o force_v to_o stand_v a_o whole_a day_n one_o will_v think_v the_o peasant_n in_o poland_n shall_v reckon_v themselves_o the_o most_o unhappy_a creature_n in_o the_o world_n to_o see_v themselves_o reduce_v to_o perpetual_a slavery_n and_o oblige_v to_o work_v continual_o without_o the_o prospect_n of_o one_o day_n of_o rest_n but_o they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o know_v that_o there_o be_v
of_o saxony_n though_o he_o have_v not_o time_n enough_o to_o purchase_v a_o party_n with_o money_n the_o pope_n nuntio_n answer_v that_o his_o religion_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v a_o obstacle_n to_o his_o election_n see_v he_o have_v embrace_v the_o catholic_n faith_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o a_o certificate_n under_o the_o hand_n and_o seal_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o javarin_n which_o he_o know_v the_o bishop_n of_o passau_n ambassad_n or_o of_o the_o emperor_n appear_v public_o for_o his_o electoral_a highness_n and_o in_o short_a his_o party_n grow_v in_o few_o day_n so_o strong_a as_o to_o exceed_v the_o french_a as_o we_o be_v go_v to_o mention_v the_o election_n of_o a_o marshal_n and_o some_o other_o preliminary_a thing_n take_v up_o the_o diet_n till_o the_o 20_o of_o june_n the_o pope_n nuncio_n have_v public_a audience_n that_o day_n and_o the_o next_o day_n the_o emperor_n ambassador_n have_v he_o the_o 22d_o the_o french_a ambassador_n be_v hear_v and_o afterward_o the_o envoy_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n so_o that_o the_o diet_n can_v not_o go_v on_o with_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n till_o the_o 25_o the_o royal_a family_n party_n make_v a_o fair_a appearance_n at_o the_o beginning_n several_a of_o the_o palatinate_v have_v represent_v to_o the_o elector_n the_o merit_n of_o prince_n james_n his_o great_a alliance_n and_o several_a other_o thing_n fit_a to_o engage_v the_o republic_n to_o present_v he_o with_o their_o crown_n other_o propose_v don_n livio_n odeschalchi_n but_o the_o french_a party_n seem_v still_o more_o numerous_a the_o 26_o the_o saxon_a party_n grow_v strong_a notwithstanding_o the_o intrigue_n of_o the_o primate_n who_o ride_v from_o one_o squadron_n of_o the_o nobility_n to_o the_o other_o recommend_v to_o their_o choice_n the_o prince_n of_o conti_n but_o his_o competitor_n have_v such_o a_o majority_n that_o it_o be_v think_v the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n will_v have_v be_v proclaim_v that_o day_n however_o the_o partiality_n of_o the_o primate_n be_v such_o that_o the_o grandee_n quit_v the_o field_n that_o day_n without_o come_v to_o any_o resolution_n they_o meet_v again_o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 27_o of_o june_n and_o resolve_v not_o to_o separate_a till_o they_o have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o that_o grand_a affair_n the_o cardinal_n do_v his_o utmost_a to_o bring_v the_o nobility_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o conty_n party_n but_o his_o endeavour_n be_v in_o vain_a for_o on_o the_o contrary_a a_o great_a many_o leave_v he_o and_o go_v over_o to_o the_o saxon_n yet_o in_o spite_n of_o all_o the_o opposition_n the_o primate_n at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o cabal_n order_v the_o trumpet_n to_o sound_n and_o proclaim_v the_o prince_n of_o conti_n and_o repair_v with_o all_o the_o have_v he_o can_v to_o st._n john_n church_n cause_v the_o door_n to_o be_v shut_v and_o sing_v te_fw-la deum_fw-la in_o the_o dark_a the_o cardinal_n have_v leave_v the_o field_n the_o marshal_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o crown-general_n and_o the_o head_n of_o the_o party_n of_o saxony_n and_o prince_n james_n protest_v against_o the_o irregular_a and_o violent_a way_n of_o proceed_v of_o the_o primate_n as_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o freedom_n of_o election_n and_o have_v unite_v themselves_o they_o proceed_v to_o collect_v the_o suffrage_n in_o a_o legal_a way_n and_o afterward_o friderick_n augustus_n elector_n of_o saxony_n be_v proclaim_v king_n by_o the_o bishop_n of_o cujavia_n who_o immediate_o repair_v to_o the_o great_a church_n in_o warsaw_n with_o the_o saxon_a party_n where_o he_o cause_v te_fw-la deum_fw-la to_o be_v sing_v with_o the_o usual_a ceremony_n the_o 28_o they_o repair_v again_o into_o the_o field_n and_o send_v for_o the_o cardinal_n who_o refuse_v to_o come_v and_o thereupon_o they_o send_v for_o the_o baron_fw-fr de_fw-fr fleming_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o about_o the_o pacta_fw-la conventa_fw-la and_o the_o royal_a diploma_n be_v order_v to_o be_v prepare_v the_o grand_a general_n cause_v a_o act_n to_o be_v draw_v up_o and_o sign_v in_o the_o field_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v but_o 80_o standard_n or_o rather_o squadron_n for_o the_o prince_n of_o conti_n whereas_o there_o be_v 250_o for_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n the_o envoy_n of_o the_o other_o competitor_n extreme_o blame_v the_o conduct_n of_o the_o cardinal_n primate_n for_o refuse_v so_o much_o as_o to_o propose_v any_o of_o their_o master_n to_o the_o republic_n and_o for_o his_o conceal_v a_o letter_n from_o the_o czar_n of_o muscovy_n in_o favour_n of_o prince_n james_n contain_v a_o express_a claus_n that_o poland_n must_v expect_v a_o declaration_n of_o war_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v elect_v the_o prince_n of_o conti._n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o partiality_n of_o this_o prelate_n can_v hardly_o be_v match_v for_o have_v he_o be_v rule_v by_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o republic_n as_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v he_o will_v have_v declare_v for_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n as_o be_v the_o most_o advantageous_a choice_n the_o pole_n can_v have_v make_v consider_v the_o riches_n and_o valour_n of_o that_o prince_n who_o be_v able_a of_o himself_o to_o support_v the_o crown_n of_o poland_n and_o restore_v it_o to_o its_o former_a dignity_n the_o pacta_fw-la conventa_fw-la be_v draw_v up_o the_o baron_n de_fw-fr fleming_n repair_v in_o great_a splendour_n on_o the_o 13_o of_o july_n to_o the_o great_a church_n in_o warsaw_n and_o swear_v to_o they_o in_o his_o master_n name_n they_o be_v likewise_o subscribe_v by_o most_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o senator_n the_o reader_n will_v find_v a_o account_n in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n of_o the_o pacta_fw-la conventa_fw-la and_o a_o abstract_n of_o the_o most_o principal_a article_n thereof_o however_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o insert_v at_o large_a in_o this_o place_n the_o pacta_fw-la conventa_fw-la sworn_n by_o the_o envoy_n of_o saxony_n because_o there_o be_v some_o addition_n make_v to_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o person_n these_o article_n be_v swear_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o at_o the_o coronation_n 1._o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n shall_v be_v always_o preserve_v in_o its_o right_n of_o elect_v a_o king_n so_o that_o it_o may_v never_o become_v hereditary_a 2._o no_o king_n shall_v be_v elect_v who_o shall_v not_o be_v devote_v to_o the_o roman_n catholic_n church_n and_o who_o shall_v not_o take_v a_o oath_n constant_o to_o persevere_v in_o her_o communion_n 3._o liberty_n of_o conscience_n shall_v be_v inviolable_o preserve_v in_o its_o full_a strength_n and_o vigour_n and_o as_o for_o the_o greek_a religion_n that_o shall_v be_v take_v into_o consideration_n after_o the_o coronation_n 4._o no_o present_n shall_v be_v take_v from_o those_o who_o shall_v sue_v for_o any_o office_n or_o starosty_n 5._o the_o queen_n shall_v not_o intermeddle_v with_o affair_n of_o government_n 6._o as_o to_o the_o administration_n of_o military_a affair_n the_o precedent_n of_o vladislaus_n ii_o and_o john_n casimir_n shall_v be_v follow_v 7._o the_o present_a alliance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n shall_v be_v renew_a 8._o endeavour_n shall_v be_v use_v to_o recover_v vkrania_n and_o to_o make_v a_o perpetual_a peace_n with_o the_o muscovite_n 9_o the_o revenue_n or_o money_n shall_v not_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o particular_a benefit_n of_o the_o king_n nor_o shall_v any_o money_n be_v coin_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o republic_n 10._o no_o foreign_a force_n shall_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o kingdom_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o republic_n 11._o none_o shall_v be_v employ_v in_o embassy_n but_o gentleman_n of_o good_a fortune_n 12._o no_o body_n shall_v be_v naturalize_v but_o such_o as_o have_v do_v the_o republic_n some_o signal_n service_n 13._o no_o body_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o any_o preferment_n in_o the_o king_n household_n unless_o he_o have_v first_o serve_v the_o crown_n 14._o no_o person_n whatsoever_o shall_v be_v permit_v to_o enjoy_v any_o petty_a revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o republic_n 15._o no_o person_n shall_v enjoy_v two_o considerable_a office_n at_o one_o time_n such_o as_o those_o of_o the_o marshal_n and_o general_n but_o they_o who_o now_o enjoy_v any_o office_n shall_v continue_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o they_o and_o enjoy_v the_o revenue_n thereof_o without_o any_o defalcation_n 16._o the_o ordinary_a order_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n shall_v be_v preseve_v without_o any_o alteration_n 17._o the_o king_n when_o he_o have_v retake_v caminieck_n shall_v cause_v it_o to_o be_v fortify_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n but_o after_o that_o the_o republic_n shall_v keep_v the_o say_a fortification_n in_o repair_n 18._o the_o king_n guard_n shall_v consist_v of_o the_o native_n of_o the_o
that_o island_n because_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n wall_v round_o with_o very_o large_a reed_n no_o galley_n nor_o vessel_n of_o any_o considerable_a bulk_n can_v get_v thither_o they_o want_v for_o nothing_o though_o they_o never_o sow_v nor_o reap_v several_a palatine_n supply_v they_o with_o money_n and_o the_o province_n they_o inhabit_v and_o which_o they_o guard_v furnish_v they_o with_o necessary_n they_o be_v all_o gentleman_n but_o either_o of_o very_o slender_a fortune_n young_a brother_n or_o such_o as_o have_v no_o share_n of_o the_o inheritance_n as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o nation_n order_v it_o they_o be_v common_o divide_v into_o troop_n of_o 120_o when_o they_o guard_v the_o frontier_n beside_o their_o servant_n that_o follow_v in_o the_o like_a number_n and_o who_o alight_v if_o their_o master_n horse_n be_v disable_v they_o fight_v cover_v with_o sheepskin_n stuff_v so_o as_o to_o be_v lance_n and_o javelin_n proof_n their_o arm_n be_v pistol_n and_o carbine_n and_o seymitar_n that_o hang_v at_o their_o girdle_n fasten_v with_o a_o gild_a chain_n in_o the_o fight_n they_o always_o ride_v to_o and_o fro_o as_o if_o they_o design_v to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n on_o diverse_a side_n and_o thus_o rout_n they_o the_o more_o easy_o the_o foe_n not_o be_v able_a to_o know_v on_o which_o side_n they_o be_v like_a to_o be_v most_o press_v they_o use_v kettledrum_n but_o never_o trumpet_n unless_o before_o their_o general_n who_o they_o choose_v among_o themselves_o and_o who_o use_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n their_o czaiki_n or_o hollow_a trunk_n of_o tree_n which_o they_o use_v to_o make_v incursion_n be_v not_o altogether_o unlike_a the_o canoe_n which_o the_o indian_n use_n they_o be_v cover_v with_o ox-hides_a with_o holes_n for_o as_o many_o man_n as_o each_o canoe_n will_v carry_v common_o 40_o or_o 50_o and_o they_o fasten_v those_o hide_n so_o to_o their_o body_n with_o piece_n of_o leather_n 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associate_n on_o one_o side_n and_o that_o the_o muscovite_n their_o neighbour_n may_v not_o enslave_v they_o as_o they_o have_v often_o endeavour_v for_o though_o they_o agree_v with_o the_o latter_a in_o some_o thing_n as_o in_o their_o drink_n which_o be_v chief_o mead_n and_o metheglin_n as_o also_o brandy_n which_o they_o drink_v alike_o to_o great_a excess_n also_o in_o their_o way_n of_o plough_v and_o sow_v and_o many_o other_o matter_n in_o point_n of_o live_v yet_o they_o have_v always_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o a_o inveterate_a and_o treacherous_a enemy_n the_o peasant_n be_v not_o less_o miserable_a there_o and_o yet_o more_o ignorant_a than_o those_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n they_o be_v in_o general_n use_v like_o slave_n by_o their_o master_n and_o often_o very_o barbarous_o by_o the_o servant_n and_z attendants_z of_o the_o nobility_n principal_o in_o time_n of_o war_n for_o
than_o they_o make_v nothing_o of_o enter_v their_o hut_n and_o plunder_v what_o they_o can_v the_o poor_a rustic_n have_v no_o admittance_n into_o their_o lord_n presence_n without_o present_n and_o if_o it_o be_v their_o fortune_n to_o have_v access_n to_o they_o they_o be_v common_o direct_v to_o make_v their_o complaint_n to_o the_o judge_n who_o be_v sure_a to_o do_v they_o but_o little_a good_a unless_o the_o plaintiff_n bring_v they_o present_v to_o recommend_v their_o petition_n so_o that_o every_o word_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o lithuania_n be_v money_n four_o day_n common_o and_o sometime_o five_o or_o six_o in_o a_o week_n the_o wretch_n must_v work_v for_o their_o lord_n on_o mundays_n they_o be_v allow_v to_o drudge_n for_o themselves_o and_o as_o they_o have_v not_o time_n enough_o on_o other_o day_n they_o frequent_o do_v all_o manner_n of_o work_n on_o sunday_n for_o the_o peasant_n keep_v no_o manner_n of_o saint_n holiday_n there_o have_v that_o also_o particular_a to_o they_o with_o the_o russian_n that_o if_o you_o ask_v they_o why_o they_o presume_v to_o work_v on_o the_o lord_n day_n they_o will_v answer_v you_o with_o this_o question_n whether_o they_o must_v not_o eat_v on_o the_o lord_n day_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v a_o tax_n three_o or_o four_o time_n a_o year_n towards_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o guard_v the_o frontier_n beside_o several_a other_o heavy_a imposition_n of_o their_o lord_n be_v devise_v their_o bread_n be_v the_o brown_a and_o course_v the_o wheat_n and_o ear_n of_o corn_n be_v common_o grind_v together_o they_o have_v very_o little_a horse_n which_o yet_o be_v excellent_a for_o service_n either_o in_o war_n or_o husbandry_n they_o do_v not_o plough_v the_o ground_n with_o iron_n but_o with_o wood_n which_o seem_v the_o stranger_n because_o their_o soil_n be_v general_o hard_a and_o not_o sandy_a when_o they_o go_v to_o plough_v they_o take_v along_o with_o they_o several_a piece_n of_o wood_n which_o they_o 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drive_v together_o the_o axel-tree_n make_v a_o strange_a uncouth_a sort_n of_o a_o noise_n in_o some_o place_n in_o the_o country_n if_o any_o one_o of_o the_o peasant_n have_v commit_v a_o crime_n for_o which_o his_o lord_n think_v fit_a to_o condemn_v he_o to_o die_v the_o criminal_a be_v oblige_v to_o hang_v himself_o and_o be_v his_o own_o executioner_n and_o if_o he_o refuse_v he_o be_v compel_v to_o do_v it_o with_o threat_n and_o blow_v as_o it_o be_v not_o many_o hundred_o year_n since_o the_o lithuanian_n become_v christian_n there_o be_v some_o of_o the_o mean_a sort_n still_o in_o the_o country_n so_o stupid_o ignorant_a as_o to_o retain_v many_o thing_n of_o their_o ancestor_n idolatrous_a worship_n these_o keep_v a_o sort_n of_o swart_a serpent_n which_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o their_o tutelary_a divinity_n feed_v they_o with_o great_a care_n and_o respect_n and_o attribute_v their_o ill_a fortune_n to_o their_o neglect_n of_o those_o animal_n not_o long_o ago_o the_o 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master_n of_o prussia_n till_o the_o time_n of_o albert_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o about_o the_o year_n 1513_o part_v with_o that_o yearly_a tribute_n and_o homage_n for_o a_o large_a sum_n of_o money_n thus_o the_o livonian_a knight_n by_o degree_n and_o also_o the_o several_a bishop_n and_o arch_a bishop_n become_v so_o many_o sovereign_n till_o after_o many_o war_n the_o whole_a country_n of_o livonia_n be_v subdue_v by_o sigismond_n augustus_n king_n of_o poland_n though_o since_o it_o have_v be_v quit_v to_o the_o swede_n who_o be_v now_o master_n of_o it_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o state_n of_o poland_n the_o polander_n have_v at_o all_o time_n have_v a_o inclination_n to_o war_n insomuch_o that_o at_o first_o they_o continual_o go_v arm_v as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v just_o ready_a to_o engage_v their_o enemy_n and_o indeed_o all_o their_o business_n be_v to_o rove_v about_o and_o change_v their_o station_n from_o time_n to_o time_n more_o like_a shepherd_n than_o like_o 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place_n and_o rite_n appropriate_v to_o pay_v they_o their_o adoration_n they_o bury_v the_o dead_a in_o forest_n and_o field_n lay_v high_a heap_n of_o stone_n over_o their_o tomb_n as_o may_v be_v still_o see_v in_o many_o place_n in_o russia_n other_o according_a to_o the_o roman_a way_n use_v to_o burn_v the_o dead_a body_n and_o lay_v up_o the_o ash_n in_o urn_n few_o thing_n satisfy_v they_o for_o their_o food_n they_o have_v nothing_o which_o they_o proper_o call_v their_o own_o except_o their_o bow_n their_o partisan_n and_o lance_n they_o purchase_v what_o ever_o they_o want_v of_o other_o by_o the_o way_n of_o barter_n or_o exchange_n they_o wear_v course_n garment_n make_v of_o the_o skin_n of_o wild_a beast_n down_o to_o their_o heel_n despise_v all_o rich_a dress_n treasure_n house_n and_o possession_n they_o make_v a_o end_n of_o all_o private_a
prince_n fly_v from_o his_o kingdom_n like_o henry_n ii_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o iii_o of_o france_n who_o have_v receive_v advice_n of_o the_o death_n of_o charles_n the_o ixth_o his_o brother_n by_o a_o courier_n that_o be_v dispatch_v to_o he_o by_o the_o queen_n his_o mother_n secret_o depart_v from_o cracow_n after_o he_o have_v enjoy_v the_o crown_n of_o poland_n five_o month_n with_o the_o love_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n who_o be_v so_o trouble_v at_o his_o flight_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o good_a a_o prince_n that_o they_o write_v on_o the_o 12_o of_o may_n 1574._o a_o very_a press_v and_o respectful_a letter_n to_o persuade_v he_o to_o return_v the_o polander_n look_v upon_o the_o interregnum_n as_o the_o most_o favourable_a occasion_n to_o confider_v of_o the_o sure_a and_o most_o effectual_a way_n to_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n and_o though_o the_o royal_a authority_n be_v then_o proper_o lodge_v in_o the_o senate_n it_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n represent_v 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sovereign_a prince_n and_o even_o crown_v head_n themselves_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v they_o the_o title_n of_o most_o serene_a but_o when_o the_o king_n of_o france_n write_v to_o the_o republic_n assemble_v in_o a_o diet_n of_o election_n he_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o serenity_n and_o only_o write_v in_o these_o term_n to_o our_o most_o dear_a and_o great_a friend_n ally_n and_o confederate_n the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o foland_n and_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n nor_o be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o a_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v give_v the_o republic_n of_o poland_n the_o title_n of_o most_o serene_a since_o they_o do_v not_o give_v their_o own_o king_n either_o the_o title_n of_o most_o serene_a or_o of_o majesty_n i_o shall_v only_o observe_v further_a on_o this_o subject_a that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n have_v notify_v by_o his_o circular_a letter_n that_o the_o king_n be_v dead_a all_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v shut_v up_o and_o be_v not_o open_v again_o till_o after_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o new_a elect_v king_n except_o the_o marshal_n court_n which_o continue_v open_a and_o another_o which_o be_v establish_v for_o decide_v controversy_n that_o may_v happen_v during_o the_o diet_n of_o the_o election_n but_o as_o for_o all_o other_o cause_n and_o private_a law-suit_n they_o be_v not_o try_v till_o after_o the_o king_n coronation_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n since_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n be_v elective_a all_o christian_a prince_n may_v pretend_v to_o the_o succession_n and_o send_v ambassador_n thither_o whether_o they_o be_v catholic_n or_o not_o but_o those_o who_o aspire_v to_o that_o crown_n must_v either_o profess_v the_o roman_n catholic_n faith_n or_o resolve_v to_o embrace_v it_o after_o their_o election_n for_o otherwise_o he_o can_v be_v choose_v and_o it_o be_v only_o for_o this_o reason_n that_o the_o pope_n send_v a_o nuncio_n to_o the_o diet_n of_o election_n that_o he_o may_v represent_v to_o the_o republic_n that_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n that_o they_o shall_v choose_v a_o catholic_n prince_n who_o be_v a_o zealous_a assertor_n of_o the_o true_a faith_n of_o christ_n the_o polander_n usual_o choose_v a_o foreign_a prince_n for_o their_o king_n because_o they_o can_v without_o reluctancy_n submit_v to_o those_o who_o be_v former_o their_o equal_n they_o esteem_v it_o their_o happiness_n that_o they_o have_v the_o liberty_n to_o choose_v such_o a_o prince_n as_o they_o please_v but_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o their_o liberty_n be_v frequent_o the_o cause_n of_o fatal_a division_n they_o will_v not_o choose_v a_o prince_n who_o be_v king_n of_o another_o realm_n lest_o after_o his_o election_n and_o after_o he_o have_v remain_v for_o some_o time_n among_o they_o he_o shall_v leave_v they_o to_o return_v to_o his_o own_o country_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o casimir_n iii_n they_o will_v not_o choose_v vladislaus_n his_o son_n because_o he_o be_v king_n of_o hungary_n and_o robemia_n and_o this_o be_v also_o one_o of_o the_o reason_n which_o in_o a_o diet_n hold_v at_o radom_n in_o the_o year_n 1382_o make_v the_o republic_n exclude_v sigismond_n of_o luxemburg_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o pretend_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n and_o hungary_n as_o have_v marry_v the_o elder_a daughter_n of_o lewis_n king_n of_o those_o two_o kingdom_n before_o the_o ambassador_n come_v to_o warsaw_n they_o be_v to_o notify_v their_o arrival_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n who_o appoint_v lodging_n for_o they_o at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o city_n and_o send_v a_o polish_v gentleman_n to_o each_o of_o they_o to_o observe_v their_o action_n and_o to_o hinder_v they_o from_o make_v party_n but_o those_o rule_n be_v seldom_o put_v in_o execution_n for_o the_o ambassador_n of_o prince_n live_v open_o at_o warsaw_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v a_o polish_v gentleman_n appoint_v to_o attend_v every_o one_o of_o they_o during_o the_o diet_n that_o the_o republic_n may_v be_v inform_v of_o their_o proceed_n and_o that_o they_o may_v not_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o bribe_v or_o corrupt_v the_o deputy_n but_o this_o be_v a_o inconveniency_n that_o can_v be_v avoid_v by_o all_o these_o precation_n for_o the_o desire_n of_o money_n be_v so_o reign_v a_o vice_n in_o poland_n and_o attend_v with_o so_o little_a scandal_n and_o infamy_n that_o the_o fidelity_n which_o a_o polish_v gentleman_n owe_v to_o his_o country_n will_v not_o be_v proof_n against_o 1000_o crown_n it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o ambassador_n to_o manage_v all_o the_o senator_n and_o the_o whole_a order_n of_o the_o nobility_n since_o the_o disoblige_a of_o one_o of_o they_o may_v render_v they_o incapable_a of_o compass_v their_o design_n thus_o the_o quarrel_v with_o chancellor_n patz_n in_o the_o diet_n of_o the_o election_n anno_fw-la 1668._o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o the_o duke_n of_o newburg_n be_v exclude_v and_o michael_n vicznowieski_n be_v elect_v king_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o election_n be_v tumultuary_a that_o the_o nobility_n have_v not_o a_o free_a vote_n and_o that_o they_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n hurry_v away_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o multitude_n which_o be_v so_o great_a that_o prasmowski_n archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n be_v force_v to_o proclaim_v he_o which_o he_o be_v unwilling_a to_o do_v because_o he_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o danger_n that_o threaten_v the_o republic_n in_o that_o juncture_n and_o of_o the_o great_a need_n they_o have_v of_o a_o rich_a and_o valiant_a prince_n at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o know_v that_o king_n michael_n want_v both_o those_o quality_n for_o he_o be_v so_o poor_a that_o during_o the_o life_n of_o queen_n mary_n lovise_n he_o have_v nothing_o to_o subsist_v upon_o as_o i_o intimate_v before_o but_o a_o pension_n which_o she_o allow_v he_o of_o 6000_o livre_n a_o year_n and_o as_o for_o his_o courage_n it_o may_v be_v guess_v at_o by_o what_o happen_v immediate_o after_o his_o election_n when_o he_o dare_v not_o resent_v the_o affront_n he_o receive_v from_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o without_o ask_v his_o permission_n cause_v a_o prussian_a gentleman_n who_o have_v flee_v to_o poland_n for_o protection_n to_o be_v seize_v and_o carryd_v away_o before_o the_o king_n eye_n and_o almost_o under_o the_o window_n of_o his_o palace_n it_o be_v plain_a then_o that_o the_o polander_n ought_v to_o have_v choose_v a_o prince_n that_o be_v equal_o brave_a and_o rich_a and_o able_a to_o support_v their_o totter_v state_n for_o if_o they_o have_v consider_v their_o true_a interest_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o sovereign_n the_o turk_n will_v never_o have_v have_v the_o