of_o antuerp_n the_o factor_n in_o this_o case_n rechange_v exchange_n and_o rechange_v do_v accept_v from_o time_n to_o time_n many_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o pay_v they_o according_o and_o take_v up_o the_o money_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o e.f._n of_o amsterdam_n for_o spain_n and_o other_o place_n and_o so_o continue_v the_o same_o for_o a_o long_a time_n by_o way_n of_o rechange_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o upon_o the_o say_a credit_n of_o a.b._n of_o london_n at_o last_o this_o factor_n c.d._n become_v suspicious_a because_o of_o this_o long_a continuance_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o rechange_v and_o write_v unto_o the_o say_v a.b._n of_o london_n to_o know_v whether_o he_o be_v content_v to_o continue_v his_o former_a credit_n by_o he_o give_v to_o e._n f._n of_o amsterdam_n a._n b._n continue_v the_o same_o but_o with_o a_o limitation_n to_o a_o certain_a sum_n credit_n limitation_n of_o letter_n of_o credit_n not_o know_v what_o sum_n of_o money_n the_o say_v c.d._n be_v engage_v for_o the_o say_v e.f._n of_o amsterdam_n for_o c.d._n give_v he_o no_o notice_n of_o it_o at_o that_o time_n hereupon_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o e.f._n of_o amsterdam_n become_v insoluent_a and_o be_v much_o indebt_v unto_o c.d._n the_o factor_n of_o antuerpe_n this_o factor_n require_v his_o satisfaction_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o a.b._n of_o london_n according_a to_o the_o former_a letter_n of_o credit_n a.b._n do_v answer_n that_o he_o have_v restrain_v and_o limit_v the_o say_a credit_n to_o a_o certain_a sum_n which_o indeed_o do_v cut_v off_o all_o former_a matter_n see_v c.d._n give_v he_o no_o notice_n of_o the_o money_n owe_v before_o and_o a.b._n be_v only_o to_o answer_v for_o the_o money_n which_o be_v take_v up_o by_o the_o second_o letter_n of_o credit_n according_a to_o the_o sum_n limit_v otherwise_o a._n b._n have_v be_v clear_v of_o all_o but_o if_o c.d._n do_v continue_v those_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o rechange_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o a._n b_o and_o the_o factor_n with_o who_o he_o have_v correspondence_n do_v become_v insoluent_a and_o thereby_o c.d._n the_o factor_n be_v damnify_v and_o pay_v the_o money_n run_v by_o exchange_n or_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o this_o factor_n be_v to_o be_v save_v harmless_a by_o a._n b._n because_o he_o take_v up_o or_o cause_v to_o be_v take_v up_o regard_v the_o efficient_a cause_n always_o to_o be_v regard_v the_o say_a money_n original_o so_o that_o his_o credit_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o it_o and_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v herein_o in_o all_o reason_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v accept_v bill_n of_o exchange_n of_o a_o merchant_n with_o order_z to_z rechange_v the_o same_o again_o upon_o he_o or_o to_o take_v it_o up_o by_o exchange_n for_o another_o place_n or_o place_n where_o he_o the_o say_a factor_n shall_v find_v it_o to_o be_v for_o the_o most_o benefit_n of_o the_o merchant_n if_o this_o factor_n take_v up_o the_o same_o according_a to_o his_o best_a skill_n and_o knowledge_n although_o it_o be_v find_v contrary_a to_o the_o merchant_n intention_n the_o factor_n be_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v and_o the_o merchant_n be_v to_o save_v he_o harmless_a for_o the_o principal_a with_o exchange_n rechange_v and_o all_o charge_n of_o factoridge_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v make_v over_o money_n for_o another_o man_n account_n by_o exchange_n unto_o another_o man_n or_o merchant_n before_o he_o have_v notice_n that_o this_o merchant_n be_v break_v and_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v not_o due_a this_o factor_n have_v authority_n to_o countermand_v the_o payment_n of_o this_o money_n although_o the_o party_n upon_o who_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v direct_v have_v accept_v the_o same_o and_o if_o the_o say_a party_n shall_v pay_v the_o same_o before_o it_o be_v due_a he_o be_v to_o repay_v the_o same_o again_o to_o the_o say_a factor_n as_o have_v pay_v it_o in_o his_o own_o wrong_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n in_o exchange_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v freight_v a_o ship_n for_o some_o voyage_n to_o be_v make_v ship_n freight_v of_o ship_n go_v and_o come_v for_o a_o merchant_n account_n and_o by_o his_o commission_n or_o order_n whereof_o a_o charter_n party_n of_o fraightment_n be_v make_v by_o indenture_n between_o he_o and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n this_o factor_n be_v liable_a for_o the_o performance_n thereof_o and_o to_o pay_v the_o freight_n and_o all_o thing_n according_o but_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v only_o freight_v outward_o and_o the_o factor_n lade_v the_o same_o with_o some_o good_n than_o these_o good_n be_v liable_a for_o the_o freight_n and_o the_o master_n can_v demand_v nothing_o of_o the_o factor_n by_o the_o charterpartie_n but_o must_v look_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o party_n that_o receive_v the_o good_n according_a to_o the_o bill_n of_o lade_n whereby_o it_o be_v condition_v lade_n bill_n of_o lade_n that_o the_o freight_n shall_v be_v pay_v upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o say_a good_n and_o so_o be_v it_o also_o if_o a_o ship_n be_v freight_v to_o go_v to_o diverse_a part_n as_o it_o be_v bind_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o and_o to_o be_v free_a in_o the_o last_o place_n of_o his_o discharge_n for_o the_o master_n must_v still_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o be_v secure_v by_o good_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o express_a condition_n make_v in_o the_o charterpartie_n to_o the_o contrary_a or_o that_o the_o ship_n be_v freight_v by_o the_o great_a for_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o a_o agreement_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v freight_v a_o ship_n for_o another_o man_n or_o for_o his_o own_o account_n and_o when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o place_n appoint_v to_o unlade_v there_o be_v no_o good_n to_o relade_v the_o same_o or_o there_o want_v money_n for_o the_o lade_n thereof_o if_o the_o master_n do_v not_o stay_v out_o all_o his_o day_n of_o demourer_n agree_v upon_o by_o the_o charterpartie_n of_o fraightment_n lade_v protest_v for_o not_o lade_v and_o make_v a_o protest_n against_o the_o party_n that_o he_o be_v consign_v unto_o to_o give_v he_o his_o lade_n within_o that_o time_n but_o come_v away_o before_o that_o time_n be_v expire_v and_o although_o he_o make_v a_o protest_n for_o that_o he_o be_v not_o lade_v yet_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o pay_v he_o no_o freight_n at_o all_o unless_o for_o the_o freight_n outward_o it_o be_v condition_v by_o the_o charterpartie_n but_o if_o the_o master_n do_v stay_v out_o his_o time_n than_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o answer_v the_o freight_n although_o the_o master_n have_v lade_v his_o ship_n with_o salt_n for_o his_o own_o account_n for_o if_o the_o say_a ship_n have_v be_v lade_v only_o with_o salt_n by_o the_o merchant_n which_o it_o may_v be_v will_v not_o pay_v half_o the_o freight_n yet_o the_o factor_n or_o merchant_n may_v at_o their_o pleasure_n abandon_v the_o same_o to_o the_o master_n for_o his_o freight_n freight_n good_n to_o be_v abandon_v for_o the_o freight_n and_o the_o master_n can_v demand_v no_o more_o of_o the_o factor_n by_o the_o charterpartie_n but_o if_o the_o master_n do_v take_v in_o salt_n and_o lade_v his_o ship_n by_o his_o own_o mean_n before_o the_o day_n of_o demourer_n be_v expire_v and_o that_o by_o some_o condition_n make_v with_o the_o factor_n he_o may_v claim_v freight_v then_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o salt_n in_o defalcation_n of_o the_o say_a freight_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v freight_v a_o ship_n for_o a_o merchant_n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a ship_n be_v take_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n for_o some_o few_o day_n within_o the_o time_n agree_v upon_o for_o the_o lade_n and_o hereupon_o the_o merchant_n disclaim_v the_o freight_a of_o the_o say_a ship_n albeit_o the_o factor_n do_v proceed_v to_o lade_v the_o same_o in_o this_o case_n the_o factor_n be_v not_o to_o bear_v any_o loss_n but_o what_o damage_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o master_n the_o merchant_n be_v to_o save_v the_o factor_n harmless_a of_o it_o if_o a_o factor_n do_v hire_v a_o ship_n by_o the_o month_n for_o another_o merchant_n or_o for_o his_o own_o account_n and_o lade_v the_o same_o be_v ready_a to_o depart_v afterward_o the_o king_n make_v a_o general_a embargo_fw-mi or_o restraint_n upon_o all_o ship_n for_o a_o time_n the_o master_n can_v demand_v any_o freight_n of_o the_o factor_n for_o and_o during_o the_o say_a time_n of_o arrest_n and_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v unlade_v again_o and_o employ_v in_o the_o king_n service_n the_o factor_n be_v free_a of_o all_o agreement_n or_o covenant_n with_o the_o master_n freighting_a money_o give_v for_o freighting_a if_o a_o factor_n do_v receive_v
bill_n of_o debt_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v ordinary_o sell_v payable_a at_o some_o day_n of_o payment_n either_o 4_o 6_o or_o more_o month_n and_o have_v agree_v upon_o the_o price_n of_o the_o say_a commodity_n or_o before_o he_o make_v the_o seller_n acquaint_v what_o payment_n or_o satisfaction_n he_o will_v give_v he_o in_o bill_n of_o such_o and_o such_o person_n amount_v to_o such_o a_o sum_n either_o little_a more_o or_o less_o than_o the_o commodity_n do_v amount_v unto_o or_o to_o take_v in_o commodity_n so_o much_o as_o the_o say_a bill_n do_v contain_v or_o do_v amount_v unto_o and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o remainder_n due_a for_o the_o commodity_n more_o than_o the_o bill_n do_v amount_v the_o same_o to_o be_v pay_v in_o ready_a money_n or_o upon_o his_o own_o bill_n payable_a at_o such_o a_o time_n as_o they_o agree_v between_o they_o which_o often_o come_v to_o be_v a_o great_a sum_n hereupon_o all_o such_o bill_n as_o be_v of_o know_a person_n be_v soon_o accept_v of_o and_o of_o the_o unknown_a person_n either_o himself_o that_o be_v the_o seller_n or_o the_o broker_n will_v inquire_v of_o their_o sufficiency_n and_o then_o likewise_o accept_v of_o their_o bill_n in_o payment_n and_o have_v take_v their_o bill_n which_o be_v make_v payable_a to_o the_o bearer_n as_o we_o have_v say_v the_o receiver_n of_o these_o bill_n go_v unto_o the_o party_n and_o demand_v of_o they_o whether_o they_o be_v content_v to_o pay_v he_o those_o bill_n at_o the_o time_n specify_v therein_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o merchant_n for_o commodity_n which_o if_o it_o be_v within_o one_o month_n after_o it_o be_v account_v to_o be_v very_o good_a payment_n the_o debtor_n make_v answer_v that_o he_o will_v pay_v his_o bill_n to_o the_o bearer_n thereof_o according_o for_o if_o this_o man_n will_v not_o ride_v out_o as_o they_o say_v the_o time_n of_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o bill_n he_o may_v go_v to_o another_o man_n and_o buy_v other_o commodity_n therewith_o as_o if_o it_o be_v with_o ready_a money_n the_o time_n only_o consider_v nay_o more_o if_o he_o will_v have_v ready_a money_n for_o these_o bill_n obligatorie_n sell_v of_o bill_n obligatorie_n he_o may_v sell_v they_o to_o other_o merchant_n that_o be_v moneyed_a man_n and_o abate_v for_o the_o interest_n for_o the_o time_n and_o common_o one_o month_n over_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n as_o they_o can_v agree_v and_o as_o money_n be_v plentiful_a they_o shall_v have_v money_n at_o all_o time_n to_o employ_v in_o commodity_n or_o to_o deliver_v by_o exchange_n or_o to_o pay_v debt_n withal_o or_o to_o carry_v home_o in_o specie_fw-la or_o for_o any_o other_o purpose_n at_o their_o pleasure_n which_o be_v commodious_a for_o young_a merchant_n have_v small_a stock_n as_o also_o for_o all_o man_n upon_o all_o occasion_n for_o it_o be_v proper_o as_o money_n pay_v by_o assignation_n whereby_o very_o great_a matter_n be_v compass_v in_o the_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n the_o commodity_n be_v soon_o vent_v in_o all_o place_n debt_n general_a benefit_n by_o set_v over_o of_o bill_n of_o debt_n the_o custom_n and_o imposition_n of_o prince_n do_v increase_v the_o poor_a and_o mechanical_a people_n be_v set_v on_o work_n man_n be_v better_o assure_v in_o their_o payment_n the_o counterfeit_n of_o bill_n and_o difference_n be_v prevent_v the_o more_o commodity_n there_o be_v sell_v the_o less_o ready_a money_n be_v transport_v and_o life_n be_v infuse_v into_o traffic_n and_o trade_n for_o the_o general_a good_a and_o herein_o we_o see_v and_o may_v observe_v that_o thing_n which_o be_v indeed_o and_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o indeed_o but_o take_v to_o be_v indeed_o may_v produce_v all_o one_o effect_n and_o every_o man_n be_v enable_v with_o his_o own_o mean_n and_o credit_n to_o augment_v commerce_n this_o laudable_a custom_n as_o i_o say_v be_v not_o practise_v in_o england_n yet_o sometime_o a_o merchant_n stranger_n will_v accept_v of_o bill_n of_o debt_n in_o payment_n for_o commodity_n sell_v with_o advantage_n but_o then_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v new_a again_o and_o in_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n name_n and_o this_o be_v not_o without_o some_o danger_n to_o he_o that_o buy_v the_o commodity_n or_o merchandise_n for_o another_o man_n bill_n as_o factor_n may_v do_v for_o their_o master_n for_o i_o have_v observe_v by_o good_a experience_n bill_n a_o law_n case_n about_o the_o set_n over_o of_o bill_n that_o a_o factor_n in_o london_n have_v sell_v for_o his_o master_n a_o merchant_n of_o antuerpe_n some_o commodity_n to_o a_o english_a merchant_n to_o the_o value_n of_o seven_o hundred_o pound_n and_o take_v the_o merchant_n bill_n payable_a at_o six_o month_n and_o six_o month_n for_o it_o his_o master_n of_o antuerpe_n do_v appoint_v he_o to_o buy_v bay_n â—or_a these_o bill_n of_o another_o merchant_n which_o he_o do_v perform_v and_o have_v the_o value_n of_o 700_o will_v deliver_v unto_o he_o in_o bay_n according_o and_o the_o bill_n be_v to_o be_v alter_v in_o the_o other_o merchant_n name_n for_o his_o bay_n short_o after_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o english_a merchant_n become_v insoluent_a but_o before_o it_o be_v public_o know_v the_o factor_n bring_v the_o bill_n alter_v according_a to_o the_o agreement_n in_o the_o bay_n merchant_n name_n who_o do_v refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o they_o and_o say_v the_o factor_n shall_v pay_v he_o the_o bill_n be_v tender_v with_o a_o scrivener_n according_a to_o their_o agreement_n but_o still_o be_v refuse_v the_o time_n of_o payment_n be_v expire_v the_o bay_a merchant_n do_v arrest_v the_o say_a factor_n the_o matter_n be_v try_v before_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n by_o a_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la in_o london_n by_o a_o party_n jury_n of_o english_a man_n and_o stranger_n the_o verdict_n be_v find_v for_o the_o bay_a merchant_n and_o the_o factor_n do_v pay_v the_o money_n and_o have_v no_o remedy_n against_o his_o master_n the_o reason_n be_v deliver_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o the_o common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n require_v a_o release_n or_o acquittance_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o bay_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o factor_n otherwise_o he_o be_v still_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n to_o answer_v for_o the_o say_a bay_n england_n to_o establish_v this_o custom_n in_o england_n this_o custom_n may_v with_o great_a facility_n nevertheless_o be_v establish_v in_o england_n and_o will_v be_v very_o beneficial_a to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n ingenerall_n for_o albeit_o that_o the_o strict_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n demand_v a_o seal_n and_o delivery_n of_o deed_n and_o that_o the_o bill_n cannon_n convenient_o be_v make_v payable_a to_o the_o bearer_n of_o it_o or_o be_v alter_v in_o another_o man_n name_n as_o abovesaid_a neither_o can_v it_o be_v recover_v by_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n which_o in_o england_n be_v always_o revocable_a before_o the_o fact_n nevertheless_o if_o there_o be_v a_o register_n keep_v of_o the_o pass_a and_o transfer_v of_o these_o bill_n from_o man_n to_o man_n and_o by_o a_o endorsement_n thereof_o also_o upon_o the_o bill_n it_o may_v be_v do_v with_o ease_n and_o the_o bearer_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v acknowledge_v thereby_o to_o be_v the_o lawful_a attorney_n in_o law_n and_o by_o these_o mean_v the_o undecent_a plea_n of_o non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la will_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o to_o prevent_v fraudulent_a deal_n if_o any_o bill_n shall_v be_v lose_v notice_n may_v be_v give_v instant_o to_o the_o register_n which_o at_o lixborne_n and_o rouen_n be_v call_v a_o prothonotary_n by_o mean_n whereof_o many_o questionable_a parcel_n or_o payment_n be_v make_v apparent_a rouen_n office_n of_o prothonotary_n at_o lixborne_n and_o rouen_n and_o the_o bill_n for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v remain_v in_o the_o office_n at_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o last_o assign_v or_o assign_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n also_o that_o most_o usual_o bill_n be_v make_v for_o all_o thing_n buy_v and_o sell_v between_o party_n and_o party_n whereby_o many_o payment_n be_v make_v by_o rescounter_n payment_n rescounter_v by_o bill_n for_o payment_n as_o if_o it_o be_v in_o bank_n hereafter_o to_o be_v declare_v for_o merchant_n do_v meet_v and_o in_o a_o manner_n jump_o together_o in_o their_o say_a payment_n and_o hereby_o also_o may_v the_o difficulty_n for_o the_o take_n of_o a_o acquittance_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v remove_v by_o enter_v a_o acknowledgement_n of_o satisfaction_n before_o the_o say_a register_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o transfer_v or_o register_n thereof_o i_o have_v take_v pain_n to_o have_v this_o to_o be_v establish_v here_o but_o hitherto_o thing_n be_v not_o right_o understand_v as_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v
pound_n worth_a at_o london_n in_o commodity_n which_o be_v account_v in_o price_n as_o if_o he_o have_v buy_v they_o for_o ready_a money_n and_o do_v give_v unto_o the_o seller_n of_o the_o say_a commodity_n one_o or_o more_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o antuerp_n amsterdam_n or_o any_o other_o place_n to_o be_v pay_v according_a to_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n which_o be_v make_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o money_n of_o one_o country_n and_o the_o value_n of_o the_o money_n of_o other_o country_n by_o weight_n and_o fineness_n as_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o declare_v and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o distance_n and_o discrepance_n of_o the_o time_n and_o place_n where_o and_o when_o the_o say_v money_n shall_v be_v pay_v by_o the_o buyer_n friend_n factor_n or_o servant_n and_o so_o the_o say_a bill_n or_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v pay_v according_o for_o the_o commodity_n so_o buy_v bank_n by_o money_n payable_a in_o bank_n 4_o another_o merchant_n have_v money_n in_o bank_n or_o in_o the_o banker_n hand_n at_o amsterdam_n or_o any_o other_o place_n where_o bank_n be_v keep_v buy_v some_o commodity_n in_o the_o say_a place_n and_o cast_v up_o what_o the_o same_o do_v amount_v unto_o he_o go_v to_o the_o bank_n and_o assign_v the_o seller_n of_o the_o say_a commodity_n to_o receive_v so_o much_o money_n there_o and_o the_o bank_n accept_v thereof_o give_v he_o satisfaction_n in_o the_o payment_n he_o make_v unto_o other_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o bank_n hereafter_o declare_v credit_n by_o a_o letter_n of_o credit_n 5_o another_o buy_v some_o commodity_n there_o or_o in_o any_o other_o place_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n he_o have_v a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n call_v a_o procuration_n or_o a_o letter_n of_o credit_n either_o from_o his_o master_n or_o any_o other_o here_o at_o london_n or_o elsewhere_o who_o upon_o his_o credit_n have_v promise_v thereby_o to_o pay_v the_o value_n of_o the_o say_a good_n in_o some_o place_n beyond_o the_o sea_n according_a to_o a_o price_n of_o exchange_n agree_v upon_o between_o the_o party_n here_o and_o the_o like_a be_v do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o be_v pay_v here_o which_o be_v still_o according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o money_n in_o both_o part_n answerable_a to_o weight_n and_o fineness_n by_o way_n of_o exchange_n and_o the_o like_a be_v do_v between_o london_n and_o exeter_n plymouth_n yarmouth_n and_o many_o other_o place_n upon_o the_o very_a same_o and_o uniform_a coin_n by_o letter_n missive_a between_o merchant_n here_o and_o there_o obligatorie_n for_o bill_n obligatorie_n 6_o the_o most_o usual_a buy_v and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n be_v for_o bill_n of_o debt_n or_o obligation_n call_v bill_n obligatorie_n which_o one_o merchant_n give_v unto_o another_o for_o commodity_n buy_v or_o sell_v which_o be_v altogether_o use_v by_o the_o merchant_n aduenturor_n at_o amsterdam_n middleborough_n hamborough_n and_o other_o place_n for_o when_o they_o have_v sell_v their_o clothes_n unto_o other_o merchant_n or_o other_o payable_a at_o 4_o 6_o 8_o or_o more_o month_n they_o present_o transfer_v and_o set_v over_o these_o bill_n so_o receive_v for_o the_o payment_n of_o their_o clothes_n unto_o other_o merchant_n and_o take_v for_o they_o other_o commodity_n at_o such_o price_n as_o they_o can_v agree_v with_o the_o seller_n of_o they_o be_v it_o velvet_n silk_n satin_n fustian_n or_o any_o other_o ware_n or_o commodity_n to_o make_v return_n of_o the_o provenue_n of_o they_o and_o so_o sell_v those_o foreign_a commodity_n here_o in_o england_n they_o present_o buy_v more_o clothes_n and_o continue_v a_o revolution_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n be_v so_o in_o effect_n as_o may_v be_v illustrate_v by_o example_n suppose_v a.b._n the_o clothier_n sell_v to_o c.d._n the_o merchant_n one_o pack_n of_o clothes_n traffic_n example_n of_o of_o the_o revolution_n in_o traffic_n for_o the_o sum_n of_o one_o hundred_o pound_n paiable_a at_o six_o month_n and_o do_v condition_n with_o he_o to_o make_v he_o a_o bill_n in_o the_o name_n of_o such_o a_o man_n as_o he_o shall_v nominate_v unto_o he_o a.b._n the_o clothier_n buy_v of_o d.e._n the_o gentleman_n so_o much_o wool_n as_o amount_v to_o one_o hundred_o pound_n and_o do_v intend_v to_o deliver_v he_o the_o bill_n of_o c._n d._n the_o merchant_n in_o full_a payment_n of_o his_o wool_n and_o to_o cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v make_v in_o his_o this_o gentleman_n name_n but_o d.e._n the_o say_a gentleman_n cause_v he_o to_o make_v the_o bill_n payable_a to_o e.g._n the_o mercer_n and_o the_o mercer_n be_v content_v with_o the_o like_a condition_n to_o accept_v thereof_o but_o he_o cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v make_v payable_a to_o c._n d._n the_o merchant_n of_o who_o he_o buy_v his_o velvet_n and_o silk_n and_o so_o in_o payment_n of_o they_o he_o deliver_v he_o by_o a_o intermissive_a time_n his_o own_o bill_n which_o he_o first_o shall_v have_v make_v to_o the_o clothier_n and_o herein_o you_o be_v to_o note_v that_o in_o the_o buy_n by_o bill_n it_o may_v be_v make_v payable_a to_o the_o clothier_n or_o to_o the_o bearer_n thereof_o and_o so_o all_o the_o party_n be_v bearer_n thereof_o unto_o who_o the_o same_o be_v set_v over_o by_o tradition_n of_o it_o only_o which_o by_o a_o retrograde_a examination_n will_v appear_v and_o this_o be_v call_v a_o rescounter_n in_o payment_n debt_n rescounter_v by_o bill_n of_o debt_n use_v among_o merchant_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o seem_v strange_a unto_o all_o man_n that_o be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o custom_n and_o yet_o do_v they_o perceive_v a_o reason_n for_o it_o and_o can_v deny_v the_o commodiousness_n thereof_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v direct_o against_o this_o course_n for_o they_o say_v there_o can_v be_v no_o alienation_n from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o of_o debt_n because_o they_o be_v hold_v choose_v en_fw-fr action_n and_o such_o whereof_o no_o property_n can_v pass_v by_o assignment_n or_o alienation_n and_o many_o good_a lawyer_n do_v wish_v as_o well_o as_o merchant_n that_o there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v for_o the_o establish_n of_o the_o like_a course_n in_o england_n by_o reason_n whereof_o let_v we_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n handle_v this_o matter_n more_o distinct_o and_o declare_v the_o benefit_n which_o the_o realm_n will_v receive_v thereby_o and_o all_o merchant_n and_o other_o negotiate_v for_o great_a sum_n there_o be_v other_o manner_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o commodity_n by_o contract_n and_o upon_o condition_n and_o casualty_n which_o be_v to_o be_v declare_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n whereunto_o relation_n may_v be_v have_v hereafter_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o transfer_v or_o set_v over_o of_o bill_n obligatorie_n between_o merchant_n and_o other_o we_o have_v in_o some_o measure_n in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n declare_v the_o use_n and_o custom_n of_o merchant_n beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o transfer_v and_o set_v over_o of_o bill_n obligatorie_n or_o bill_n of_o debt_n which_o they_o give_v each_o to_o other_o for_o the_o payment_n of_o commodity_n buy_v and_o sell_v by_o way_n of_o traffic_n and_o trade_n it_o rest_v now_o to_o speak_v thereof_o more_o ample_o for_o the_o sincerity_n of_o plain_a deal_n have_v hitherto_o be_v inviolable_a sea_n the_o manner_n of_o bill_n beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a bill_n which_o every_o man_n of_o credit_n and_o reputation_n give_v of_o his_o own_o hand_n write_v or_o make_v by_o his_o servant_n and_o by_o he_o subscribe_v without_o any_o seal_n or_o witness_v thereunto_o and_o be_v make_v payable_a to_o such_o a_o merchant_n or_o person_n or_o to_o the_o bearer_n of_o the_o bill_n at_o such_o time_n or_o time_n of_o payment_n as_o be_v agree_v and_o conclude_v between_o the_o party_n either_o for_o money_n or_o commodity_n lend_v or_o buy_v and_o so_o declare_v in_o the_o say_a bill_n according_a to_o the_o form_n hereafter_o express_v this_o custom_n be_v much_o practise_v by_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n beyond_o the_o sea_n at_o middleborough_n amsterdam_n antuerp_n hamborough_n and_o other_o place_n where_o they_o do_v trade_n in_o manner_n follow_v as_o we_o have_v note_v a_o merchant_n have_v many_o of_o these_o bill_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v for_o his_o clothes_n sell_v unto_o draper_n or_o other_o merchant_n dwell_v in_o several_a town_n and_o place_n will_v resort_v unto_o a_o shopkeeper_n or_o another_o merchant_n common_o accompany_v with_o a_o mediator_n or_o broker_n to_o buy_v a_o good_a round_a quantity_n of_o silk_n ware_n debt_n the_o set_n over_o of_o
trial_n in_o law_n it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a discharge_n for_o they_o all_o in_o nature_n of_o a_o general_a acquittance_n these_o observation_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o such_o like_a book_n case_n as_o i_o have_v put_v down_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v necessary_a for_o merchant_n to_o know_v albeit_o we_o handle_v the_o law-merchant_n in_o this_o treatise_n and_o not_o matter_n of_o the_o common_a law_n if_o you_o take_v beyond_o the_o sea_n any_o bill_n obligatorie_n for_o money_n deliver_v upon_o two_o or_o three_o life_n or_o for_o wager_n or_o lay_n which_o be_v conditional_a life_n bill_n obligatory_a upon_o two_o or_o three_o life_n let_v the_o party_n be_v put_v to_o prove_v if_o upon_o proof_n of_o life_n make_v the_o bill_n payable_a at_o a_o day_n certain_a unless_o one_o of_o the_o party_n be_v dead_a whereby_o the_o party_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v or_o else_o to_o prove_v the_o decease_n of_o the_o one_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o you_o make_v the_o bill_n to_o be_v pay_v if_o they_o be_v all_o alive_a or_o live_a then_o must_v you_o prove_v they_o be_v live_v to_o conclude_v abundans_fw-la cautela_fw-la non_fw-la nocet_fw-la final_o if_o a_o bill_n be_v thirty_o year_n old_a and_o never_o demand_v or_o question_v it_o be_v void_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o merchant_n do_v not_o take_v any_o knowledge_n thereof_o cahp._n xiiii_o of_o letter_n of_o credit_n and_o blank_n sign_v the_o credit_n of_o merchant_n be_v so_o delicate_a and_o tender_a that_o it_o must_v be_v care_v for_o as_o the_o apple_n of_o a_o man_n eye_n hence_o it_o do_v proceed_v that_o letter_n of_o credit_n be_v have_v in_o such_o reputation_n that_o the_o giver_n of_o they_o will_v be_v well_o advise_v before_o he_o do_v make_v they_o and_o the_o party_n to_o who_o they_o be_v direct_v will_v be_v careful_a to_o accomplish_v they_o for_o it_o do_v concern_v both_o their_o credit_n the_o giver_n credit_n of_o the_o letter_n will_v be_v have_v in_o question_n of_o insufficiency_n know_v to_o the_o other_o that_o he_o do_v not_o accomplish_v they_o or_o he_o that_o do_v not_o perform_v they_o may_v be_v think_v to_o be_v weak_a and_o to_o want_v mean_n to_o do_v the_o same_o credit_n definition_n of_o letter_n of_o credit_n to_o make_v letter_n of_o credit_n be_v proper_o a_o participation_n of_o credit_n to_o another_o which_o be_v perform_v as_o follow_v a_o merchant_n do_v send_v his_o friend_n or_o his_o servant_n either_o within_o the_o land_n or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o buy_v some_o commodity_n or_o to_o take_v up_o money_n for_o some_o purpose_n and_o do_v deliver_v unto_o he_o a_o open_a letter_n direct_v to_o another_o merchant_n require_v he_o that_o if_o his_o friend_n such_o a_o one_o the_o bearer_n of_o that_o letter_n be_v either_o his_o friend_n or_o servant_n have_v occasion_n to_o buy_v commodity_n or_o to_o take_v up_o money_n to_o the_o value_n of_o so_o many_o hundreth_n or_o so_o many_o thousand_o pound_n in_o that_o place_n or_o thereabouts_o that_o he_o will_v either_o procure_v he_o the_o same_o or_o pass_v his_o promise_n bill_n or_o bond_n for_o it_o and_o he_o will_v provide_v he_o the_o money_n or_o pay_v he_o by_o exchange_n or_o give_v he_o such_o satisfaction_n as_o he_o shall_v require_v the_o party_n to_o who_o this_o letter_n be_v direct_v will_n according_o do_v his_o endeavour_n and_o perform_v the_o request_n of_o the_o other_o and_o keep_v the_o letter_n for_o his_o assurance_n or_o security_n and_o what_o he_o do_v thereupon_o undertake_v be_v make_v apparent_a by_o such_o write_n or_o evidence_n as_o he_o take_v of_o the_o say_a bearer_n of_o the_o letter_n that_o thereupon_o he_o may_v be_v well_o deal_v withal_o according_o but_o if_o it_o shall_v fall_v out_o that_o for_o some_o know_a cause_n to_o this_o party_n he_o do_v not_o accomplish_v his_o request_n contain_v in_o the_o say_a letter_n of_o credit_n then_o the_o bearer_n of_o the_o same_o keep_v the_o say_a letter_n and_o return_v they_o unto_o the_o giver_n without_o any_o other_o proceed_v credit_n protest_v for_o the_o non-performance_n of_o letter_n of_o credit_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o case_n where_o this_o party_n be_v a_o debtor_n to_o he_o that_o give_v the_o letter_n of_o credit_n and_o then_o he_o must_v take_v witness_n of_o it_o and_o with_o a_o scrivener_n or_o notary_n make_v a_o protest_v against_o he_o protest_v to_o recover_v of_o he_o by_o all_o lawful_a and_o convenient_a mean_n all_o the_o damage_n charge_n and_o interest_n which_o he_o or_o any_o other_o shall_v sustain_v thereby_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o nonperformance_n of_o the_o say_a letter_n of_o credit_n and_o that_o in_o time_n and_o place_n as_o occasion_n shall_v serve_v which_o protest_v be_v a_o sufficient_a means_n among_o merchant_n and_o before_o any_o judge_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o recover_v the_o same_o upon_o proof_n at_o all_o time_n according_o but_o if_o the_o party_n to_o who_o these_o letter_n of_o credit_n be_v direct_v do_v make_v a_o reasonable_a answer_n for_o his_o excuse_n and_o require_v the_o scrivener_n to_o put_v down_o the_o same_o in_o the_o act_n or_o instrument_n of_o the_o say_v protest_v then_o be_v the_o cause_n consider_v withal_o and_o the_o loss_n and_o damage_n may_v fall_v upon_o another_o for_o if_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o say_a letter_n of_o credit_n be_v a_o debtor_n to_o the_o other_o that_o do_v receive_v they_o to_o be_v pay_v by_o they_o either_o by_o commodity_n to_o be_v buy_v or_o money_n to_o be_v take_v up_o as_o aforesaid_a then_o the_o say_v protest_v may_v serve_v the_o receiver_n of_o the_o say_a letter_n of_o credit_n to_o recover_v his_o damage_n of_o he_o that_o give_v he_o the_o same_o wherein_o the_o magistrate_n will_v have_v a_o great_a consideration_n as_o a_o matter_n whereby_o the_o commerce_n be_v interrupt_v which_o be_v the_o cause_n also_o that_o man_n must_v be_v advise_v on_o the_o other_o side_n not_o to_o be_v too_o rash_a to_o affirm_v the_o goodness_n or_o sufficiency_n of_o another_o man_n estate_n credit_n or_o reputation_n whereby_o a_o three_o man_n become_v a_o loser_n loss_n be_v the_o great_a hinderer_n of_o traffic_n and_o trade_n the_o civilians_n therefore_o have_v a_o title_n in_o their_o law_n which_o be_v strict_o observe_v as_o you_o shall_v understand_v hereafter_o the_o sign_v of_o blank_n be_v also_o a_o custom_n among_o merchant_n whereby_o they_o strengthen_v the_o credit_n of_o their_o factor_n or_o servant_n in_o the_o like_a occasion_n which_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a confidence_n merchant_n great_a confidence_n among_o merchant_n consider_v the_o easy_a transfer_v of_o bâ—lles_n already_o speak_v of_o for_o a_o merchant_n set_v his_o name_n to_o a_o blank_a paper_n his_o factor_n or_o servant_n have_v a_o ability_n to_o wrong_v his_o master_n many_o way_n therefore_o such_o as_o be_v provident_a do_v restrain_v that_o power_n by_o certain_a covenant_n or_o declaration_n and_o yet_o the_o same_o be_v know_v unto_o the_o party_n that_o do_v make_v use_n of_o the_o say_a blank_n may_v become_v scrupelous_a thereupon_o to_o be_v well_o deal_v withal_o howsoever_o we_o see_v what_o honest_a and_o plain_a deal_n be_v use_v among_o merchant_n and_o what_o adventure_n they_o bear_v to_o compass_v their_o business_n a_o merchant_n of_o antuerp_n will_v send_v his_o servant_n at_o amsterdam_n to_o buy_v he_o 500_o last_v of_o corn_n upon_o advice_n he_o have_v that_o corn_n be_v spoil_v or_o the_o harvest_n fail_v in_o spain_n portugal_n and_o other_o place_n and_o because_o he_o be_v uncertain_a what_o his_o servant_n can_v effect_v doubt_v that_o other_o man_n may_v have_v the_o like_a advice_n and_o prevent_v he_o he_o deliver_v blank_a paper_n by_o he_o subscribe_v with_o order_n to_o his_o say_a servant_n that_o he_o shall_v upon_o such_o a_o occasion_n write_v his_o letter_n upon_o the_o say_a paper_n to_o such_o a_o man_n his_o factor_n at_o dansicke_a in_o the_o east_n country_n to_o buy_v for_o he_o the_o quantity_n of_o corn_n which_o he_o can_v buy_v at_o amsterdam_n and_o shall_v date_n the_o letter_n as_o if_o himself_o have_v write_v the_o same_o the_o factor_n of_o dansicke_a do_v present_o perform_v the_o commission_n give_v he_o and_o so_o the_o business_n be_v accomplish_v complished_a but_o in_o this_o the_o confidence_n may_v be_v as_o great_a as_o in_o the_o make_n of_o bill_n obligatory_a and_o yet_o the_o adventure_n far_o inferior_a thereunto_o for_o upon_o these_o blank_n there_o be_v a_o addition_n to_o the_o name_n or_o a_o precedence_n in_o word_n namely_o your_o love_a friend_n a._n b._n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v impertinent_a and_o not_o to_o be_v use_v in_o bill_n
a_o sum_n of_o money_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o a_o ship_n in_o consideration_n that_o he_o fraight_v the_o say_a ship_n for_o a_o voyage_n promise_v to_o repay_v the_o say_a money_n at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o say_a voyage_n if_o the_o say_a factor_n have_v freight_v this_o ship_n for_o another_o man_n account_n this_o merchant_n be_v to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o money_n during_o the_o time_n and_o if_o the_o factor_n conceal_v the_o same_o he_o be_v to_o repair_v the_o damage_n thereof_o which_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v both_o for_o the_o interest_n and_o adventure_v of_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o say_a owner_n bear_v the_o same_o and_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o merchant_n will_v have_v assure_v so_o much_o the_o less_o or_o by_o employ_v that_o money_n towards_o the_o lade_n of_o the_o ship_n he_o shall_v disburse_v to_o much_o money_n less_o to_o make_v the_o say_a voyage_n and_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o in_o regard_n of_o that_o money_n the_o freight_n be_v make_v the_o great_a whereof_o the_o say_v owner_n of_o the_o ship_n have_v have_v a_o consideration_n by_o disburse_v the_o same_o assurance_n assurance_n if_o a_o factor_n be_v require_v to_o make_v assurance_n for_o a_o merchant_n upon_o a_o ship_n or_o good_n lade_v for_o a_o certain_a voyage_n and_o have_v money_n in_o his_o hand_n to_o pay_v for_o the_o premio_fw-la or_o the_o price_n of_o assurance_n and_o this_o factor_n do_v neglect_v the_o same_o and_o give_v no_o notice_n of_o it_o to_o the_o merchant_n who_o may_v have_v make_v assurance_n in_o another_o place_n and_o the_o say_a ship_n or_o good_n do_v perish_v at_o the_o sea_n this_o factor_n be_v to_o answer_v the_o damage_n unless_o he_o can_v give_v some_o sufficient_a reason_n for_o the_o non-performance_n of_o the_o say_a order_n or_o commission_n order_n composition_n make_v without_o order_n if_o a_o factor_n have_v make_v assurance_n upon_o good_n lade_v which_o afterward_o be_v take_v by_o the_o enemy_n make_v any_o composition_n with_o the_o assurer_n for_o the_o same_o without_o order_n or_o commission_n for_o it_o he_o be_v to_o answer_v the_o whole_a assurance_n to_o the_o merchant_n a_o merchant_n cause_v a_o ship_n to_o be_v freight_v and_o lade_v with_o commodity_n for_o constantinople_n by_o a_o factor_n of_o london_n himself_o dwell_v at_o antuerpe_n and_o be_v a_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o late_a war_n cause_v 2000_o will_v to_o be_v assure_v at_o london_n upon_o the_o say_a good_n the_o ship_n and_o good_n be_v take_v by_o the_o galley_n of_o sicilia_n and_o bring_v to_o palermo_n where_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o good_n do_v appertain_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n his_o subject_n but_o that_o there_o be_v 2000_o will_v assure_v at_o london_n by_o english_a merchant_n their_o enemy_n in_o those_o day_n pretend_v thereupon_o to_o take_v the_o say_v good_n for_o forfeit_a or_o so_o much_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v amount_v to_o the_o sum_n so_o assure_v hereupon_o the_o assurer_n have_v intimation_n from_o the_o factor_n of_o it_o desire_v to_o make_v some_o composition_n to_o avoid_v that_o danger_n whereby_o the_o good_n also_o may_v be_v soon_o clear_v and_o the_o possession_n obtain_v for_o the_o owner_n and_o proprietary_n thereof_o which_o be_v the_o merchant_n of_o antuerp_n wherein_o expedition_n be_v require_v the_o factor_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o say_a expedition_n do_v not_o stay_v to_o receive_v a_o answer_n from_o the_o merchant_n what_o he_o shall_v do_v but_o make_v a_o composition_n with_o the_o assuror_n for_o 60_o pound_n for_o the_o hundred_o pound_n to_o be_v pay_v instant_o the_o good_n be_v afterward_o all_o recover_v whereof_o so_o much_o as_o have_v be_v assure_v be_v former_o relinquish_v to_o the_o assuror_n for_o the_o merchant_n will_v not_o condescend_v to_o make_v any_o composition_n with_o the_o assuror_n so_o that_o the_o factor_n do_v bear_v the_o adventure_n to_o lose_v 2000_o will_v for_o some_o 1200_o will_v which_o he_o have_v receive_v if_o the_o good_n have_v not_o be_v recover_v and_o therefore_o the_o say_a factor_n take_v to_o himself_o the_o benefit_n of_o this_o composition_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o experience_a merchant_n if_o a_o factor_n by_o error_n of_o account_n do_v wrong_a unto_o a_o merchant_n account_n account_n he_o be_v to_o amend_v and_o to_o make_v good_a the_o same_o not_o only_o for_o the_o principal_a but_o also_o with_o the_o interest_n for_o the_o time_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o a_o factor_n for_o his_o own_o wrong_n have_v forget_v to_o charge_v the_o merchant_n account_n with_o some_o parcel_n pay_v out_o for_o he_o or_o make_v over_o by_o exchange_n the_o merchant_n be_v to_o answer_v for_o it_o with_o interest_n for_o the_o time_n in_o these_o precedent_a observation_n be_v comprise_v all_o other_o case_n of_o difference_n which_o may_v happen_v between_o factor_n and_o merchant_n cahp._n xvii_o of_o the_o beginning_n of_o sea_n law_n have_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n methodical_o entreat_v as_o also_o in_o this_o hitherto_o of_o the_o matter_n therein_o intend_v nevertheless_o according_a to_o the_o content_n of_o they_o the_o matter_n be_v of_o several_a nature_n run_v promiscuous_o but_o in_o the_o end_n will_v perform_v the_o work_n for_o as_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o world_n be_v compound_v of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o earth_n so_o this_o work_n of_o the_o law-merchant_n can_v be_v complete_a without_o the_o sea_n law_n so_o call_v law_n because_o they_o be_v write_v and_o know_v for_o without_o navigation_n commerce_n be_v of_o small_a moment_n so_o that_o the_o land_n affair_n shall_v be_v intermix_v with_o seafaring_a matter_n according_o some_o do_v attribute_v the_o first_o make_v of_o sea_n law_n to_o the_o pheniciaus_fw-la and_o carthaginian_n because_o pliny_n do_v ascribe_v the_o art_n of_o sail_v unto_o they_o but_o by_o the_o most_o ancient_a record_n the_o beginning_n must_v be_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n of_o rhodes_n law_n rhodian_a law_n situate_v within_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n who_o be_v most_o famous_a for_o ship_v and_o sail_v as_o strabo_n have_v write_v and_o surpass_v all_o nation_n in_o knowledge_n of_o equity_n in_o maritime_a cause_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v for_o above_o one_o thousand_o year_n only_o rule_v by_o their_o law_n call_v the_o rhodian_a law_n although_o augment_v with_o some_o addition_n of_o the_o roman_n at_o last_o as_o some_o have_v record_v when_o all_o sort_n of_o law_n by_o the_o eversion_n and_o lacerate_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n bury_v the_o ruler_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 1075_o make_v new_a sea_n law_n and_o statute_n and_o so_o do_v every_o chief_a seafaring_a town_n upon_o the_o say_a mediterranean_a coast_n add_v thereunto_o other_o ordinance_n so_o do_v they_o of_o marseilles_n in_o the_o year_n 1162_o genoa_n in_o the_o year_n 1186_o they_o of_o peloponessus_n call_v morea_n in_o the_o year_n 1200_o the_o venetian_n in_o the_o year_n 1262_o constantine_n 1270_o james_n king_n of_o arragon_n the_o say_a year_n peter_n king_n of_o arragon_n 1340_o and_o they_o of_o barselona_n 1434_o which_o law_n be_v collect_v and_o extant_a until_o this_o day_n but_o on_o the_o great_a ocean_n sea_n oleron_n the_o law_n of_o oleron_n the_o first_o law_n be_v make_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n of_o oleron_n situate_a on_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o france_n near_o saint_n martin_n de_fw-fr rea_n against_o the_o river_n of_o charante_n which_o be_v call_v le_fw-fr roll_n d'_fw-fr oleron_n by_o which_o the_o controversy_n on_o that_o coast_n be_v determine_v and_o the_o say_a law_n be_v afterward_o disperse_v and_o bring_v in_o use_n in_o england_n and_o the_o low_a country_n whereupon_o diverse_a statute_n both_o in_o england_n and_o scotland_n have_v be_v enact_v for_o seafaring_a business_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n diverse_a ordinance_n in_o the_o low_a country_n especial_o since_o their_o fish_n trade_n begin_v edward_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n cause_v with_o the_o advice_n of_o diverse_a man_n of_o knowledge_n and_o experience_n in_o maritime_a cause_n diverse_a article_n to_o be_v set_v down_o france_n admiralty_n court_n in_o france_n and_o these_o be_v enroll_v and_o obey_v for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o admiral_n court_n and_o the_o french_a king_n john_n make_v his_o contract_n with_o king_n edward_z according_o concern_v the_o fish_n trade_n as_o by_o the_o record_n extant_a in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n where_o i_o have_v see_v they_o may_v appear_v francis_n the_o french_a king_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o of_o france_n have_v make_v some_o statute_n law_n concern_v the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n but_o the_o substance_n of_o all_o
albeit_o that_o the_o roman_n inflict_v the_o pain_n of_o the_o whole_a freight_n upon_o the_o merchant_n especial_o if_o he_o take_v out_o his_o own_o good_n again_o for_o than_o be_v the_o freight_n think_v to_o be_v deserve_v but_o if_o the_o ship_n in_o her_o voyage_n become_v unable_a without_o the_o master_n fault_n or_o that_o the_o master_n or_o ship_n be_v arrest_v by_o some_o authority_n of_o magistrate_n in_o her_o way_n the_o master_n may_v either_o mend_v his_o ship_n or_o freight_v another_o but_o in_o case_n the_o merchant_n agree_v not_o thereunto_o than_o the_o master_n shall_v at_o least_o recover_v his_o freight_n so_o far_o as_o he_o have_v deserve_v it_o for_o otherwise_o except_o the_o merchant_n consent_n or_o necessity_n constrain_v the_o master_n to_o put_v the_o good_n into_o another_o ship_n worse_o than_o his_o own_o the_o master_n be_v herein_o bind_v to_o all_o loss_n and_o damage_n except_o that_o both_o the_o ship_n perish_v that_o voyage_n and_o that_o no_o fault_n nor_o fraud_n be_v find_v in_o the_o master_n case_n admiralty_n case_n in_o the_o year_n 1587._o the_o like_a matter_n be_v in_o question_n with_o five_o ship_n come_v back_o without_o their_o lade_n from_o leghorn_n and_o civita_n vecchia_n into_o england_n whereof_o myself_o be_v one_o of_o the_o merchant_n that_o have_v freight_v they_o and_o do_v intend_v to_o receive_v lade_n there_o in_o allome_n but_o the_o galley_n of_o don_n andrea_n doria_n intend_v to_o surprise_v those_o ship_n the_o grand_a armada_n be_v prepare_v in_o spain_n they_o come_v all_o of_o they_o away_o without_o their_o lade_n some_o two_o of_o these_o ship_n have_v lyen_fw-we out_o all_o their_o time_n condition_v by_o their_o charterpartie_n to_o take_v in_o their_o lade_n and_o the_o master_n have_v notariall_a protest_n against_o the_o factor_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v lade_v they_o these_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o admiralty_n adjudge_v to_o have_v deserve_v their_o whole_a freight_n two_o other_o ship_n have_v not_o stay_v there_o their_o abide_a day_n nor_o make_v any_o protest_n as_o aforesaid_a can_v not_o be_v find_v to_o have_v deserve_v any_o freight_n at_o all_o although_o they_o be_v lade_v outward_a bind_v the_o five_o ship_n have_v a_o condition_n or_o proviso_n in_o her_o charterpartie_n that_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o in_o her_o come_n back_o out_o of_o the_o strait_n she_o shall_v be_v take_v or_o cast_v away_o nevertheless_o the_o freight_n outward_o which_o be_v account_v half_a shall_v be_v pay_v law_n condition_n make_v law_n and_o that_o half_o be_v adjudge_v unto_o the_o master_n and_o no_o more_o have_v not_o tarry_v there_o his_o appoint_a time_n and_o if_o this_o proviso_n have_v not_o be_v he_o can_v not_o have_v recover_v any_o thing_n for_o when_o ship_n be_v freight_v go_v and_o come_v there_o be_v nothing_o due_a for_o freight_v until_o the_o whole_a voyage_n be_v perform_v so_o that_o if_o she_o perish_v or_o be_v take_v in_o the_o come_n home_o all_o be_v lose_v and_o nothing_o due_a unto_o she_o for_o any_o freight_n outward_o whereof_o i_o have_v also_o have_v experience_n by_o another_o ship_n it_o be_v also_o account_v for_o a_o fault_n if_o the_o master_n put_v forth_o the_o ship_n to_o sea_n either_o without_o a_o skilful_a pilot_n or_o without_o sufficient_a furniture_n and_o necessary_n according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a clause_n of_o the_o charter-party_n or_o as_o in_o the_o precedent_a case_n that_o the_o other_o ship_n in_o which_o the_o good_n be_v last_v put_v in_o be_v not_o sufficient_a or_o that_o the_o master_n do_v in_o a_o unlikely_a time_n put_v forth_o to_o sea_n the_o emperor_n gratian_n theodosius_n and_o valentinian_n in_o time_n past_a do_v express_o forbid_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v adventure_v upon_o the_o sea_n from_o november_n till_o april_n sed_fw-la tempora_fw-la mutantur_fw-la &_o nos_fw-la mutamur_fw-la in_o illis_fw-la always_o it_o be_v a_o great_a fault_n by_o the_o law_n to_o put_v to_o sail_v out_o of_o any_o port_n in_o stormy_a and_o tempestuous_a weather_n item_n if_o a_o master_n set_v forth_o his_o ship_n for_o to_o take_v in_o a_o certain_a charge_n or_o lade_n and_o then_o take_v in_o any_o more_o especial_o of_o other_o man_n he_o be_v to_o lose_v all_o his_o whole_a freight_n for_o by_o other_o man_n lade_n he_o may_v endanger_v the_o merchant_n good_n diverse_a way_n and_o in_o such_o a_o case_n when_o good_n by_o storm_n be_v cast_v overboard_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v make_v good_a by_o contribution_n or_o averidge_n aueridge_n aueridge_n but_o by_o the_o master_n own_o purse_n for_o if_o he_o overburthen_v the_o ship_n above_o the_o true_a mark_n of_o lade_n he_o be_v to_o pay_v a_o fine_a item_n if_o a_o ship_n do_v enter_v into_o any_o other_o port_n or_o harbour_n than_o she_o be_v freight_v for_o against_o the_o master_n will_v as_o by_o storm_n or_o some_o force_n than_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v transport_v to_o the_o port_n condition_v on_o the_o master_n charge_n but_o this_o must_v be_v try_v by_o the_o master_n oath_n and_o of_o two_o of_o his_o mariner_n or_o else_o the_o master_n may_v be_v in_o further_a danger_n if_o any_o man_n compel_v the_o master_n to_o overburthen_n ship_n or_o boat_n he_o may_v therefore_o be_v accuse_v criminal_o and_o pay_v the_o damage_n happen_v thereby_o item_n if_o a_o merchant_n put_v in_o more_o good_n into_o a_o ship_n than_o be_v condition_v then_o may_v the_o master_n take_v what_o freight_n he_o please_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n it_o be_v impute_v for_o a_o fault_n to_o the_o master_n if_o he_o direct_v his_o course_n by_o way_n either_o dangerous_a through_o pirate_n enemy_n or_o other_o evil_a adventure_n also_o if_o he_o do_v carry_v the_o flag_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o not_o his_o own_o and_o thereby_o incur_v any_o loss_n or_o damage_n for_o as_o pack_n pipe_n and_o all_o good_n shall_v be_v mark_v with_o the_o proper_a mark_n of_o the_o merchant_n to_o who_o they_o appertain_v so_o shall_v ship_n be_v discern_v one_o from_o another_o by_o their_o own_o flag_n the_o ordinary_a charter-party_n of_o fraightment_n of_o ship_n make_v and_o indent_v between_o the_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n and_o a_o merchant_n or_o many_o merchant_n in_o freight_v a_o ship_n together_o by_o the_o tonnage_n tonnage_n fraighting_n by_o tonnage_n where_o every_o merchant_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o lade_v so_o many_o ton_n in_o certainty_n be_v make_v as_o follow_v mutatis_fw-la mutandis_fw-la which_o be_v do_v before_o notary_n or_o scrivenor_n a.b._n master_n of_o the_o good_a ship_n or_o fly-boot_n call_v the_o red_a lion_n of_o ratclife_n of_o the_o burden_n of_o 120_o ton_n or_o thereabouts_o ride_v at_o anchor_n in_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n acknowledge_v to_o have_v let_v to_o freight_v unto_o c._n d._n the_o merchant_n his_o say_a ship_n and_o do_v promise_n to_o prepare_v to_o make_v ready_a the_o same_o within_o ten_o day_n to_o take_v in_o such_o good_n as_o the_o say_a merchant_n shall_v lade_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v lade_v in_o she_o to_o make_v by_o god_n grace_n with_o the_o first_o convenient_a weather_n and_o wind_n after_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o say_a day_n a_o voyage_n from_o the_o city_n of_o london_n to_o the_o town_n of_o saint_n lucar_n de_fw-fr barameda_n in_o spain_n and_o there_o to_o deliver_v all_o the_o say_v good_n well_o condition_v and_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o they_o be_v deliver_v unto_o he_o to_o such_o a_o merchant_n or_o factor_n as_o the_o merchant_n the_o fraightor_n shall_v nominate_v and_o appoint_v according_a to_o the_o bill_n of_o lade_v make_v or_o to_o be_v make_v thereof_o and_o there_o to_o remain_v with_o his_o say_a ship_n the_o space_n of_o twenty_o day_n to_o take_v in_o and_o receive_v all_o such_o good_n as_o the_o say_a factor_n or_o any_o other_o by_o his_o appointment_n shall_v lade_v into_o she_o and_o as_o the_o say_a ship_n may_v convenient_o carry_v and_o be_v so_o lade_v to_o return_v back_o again_o for_o the_o say_a city_n of_o london_n and_o there_o to_o deliver_v the_o say_v good_n also_o well_o condition_v to_o the_o say_v c._n d._n the_o merchant_n or_o his_o assign_n and_o the_o say_a master_n do_v further_a covenant_n with_o the_o say_a merchant_n that_o his_o ship_n shall_v be_v furnish_v with_o twelve_o able_a man_n and_o a_o boy_n ten_o piece_n of_o iron_n ordnance_n namely_o two_o saker_n six_o minion_n two_o falcon_n and_o eight_o musket_n with_o powder_n shot_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a as_o cable_n sail_n rope_n anchor_n and_o victual_n requisite_a for_o such_o or_o the_o like_a voyage_n etc._n etc._n and_o hereupon_o c._n d_o the_o merchant_n and_o fraightor_n do_v likewise_o covenant_n with_o the_o say_a mâ—ster_n or_o all_o the_o
say_a merchant_n do_v covenant_n with_o he_o every_o one_o for_o his_o tonnage_n as_o aforesaid_a that_o he_o or_o they_o and_o either_o of_o they_o will_v lade_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v lade_v within_o the_o day_n limit_v the_o say_a ship_n with_o such_o and_o such_o commodity_n according_o pesterable_a ware_n or_o good_n except_v commodity_n pesterable_a ware_n or_o commodity_n which_o be_v good_n of_o great_a volume_n and_o cumbersome_a whereof_o no_o true_a computation_n for_o tonnage_n can_v be_v make_v so_o that_o the_o freight_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o good_n be_v make_v according_o and_o the_o say_a merchant_n do_v further_a covenant_n to_o pay_v unto_o the_o master_n three_o pound_n or_o more_o for_o the_o freight_n of_o every_o tun_n lade_v upon_o the_o full_a discharge_n of_o his_o say_a ship_n and_o delivery_n of_o the_o say_a good_n at_o london_n aforesaid_a account_v two_o and_o twenty_o hundred_o and_o a_o half_a or_o so_o many_o kintall_n for_o a_o tun_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n for_o two_o pipe_n or_o butt_n four_o hogshead_n and_o other_o commodity_n rate_v for_o the_o tun_n or_o last_o as_o four_o chest_n of_o sugar_n six_o barrel_n of_o â—ny_n other_o commodity_n for_o a_o tun_n as_o in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v declare_v with_o primage_n petilodeminage_n and_o sometime_o pilotage_n according_a to_o the_o accustom_a manner_n in_o the_o like_a voyage_n etc._n etc._n bind_v themselves_o each_o to_o other_o for_o the_o performance_n thereof_o in_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n nomine_fw-la poenae_fw-la with_o such_o other_o clause_n condition_n caution_n or_o other_o agreement_n as_o may_v be_v conclude_v between_o they_o which_o be_v well_o express_v prevent_v all_o those_o and_o the_o like_a question_n which_o the_o civilians_n do_v discourse_n upon_o as_o the_o follow_a may_v be_v for_o a_o instance_n question_n about_o fraighting_n and_o their_o solution_n if_o a_o ship_n be_v freight_v by_o the_o great_a posito_fw-la two_o hundred_o ton_n for_o the_o sum_n of_o six_o hundred_o pound_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o the_o return_n the_o say_a sum_n of_o 600_o will_v be_v to_o be_v pay_v although_o the_o ship_n be_v not_o of_o that_o burden_n if_o the_o like_a ship_n of_o 200_o ton_n be_v freight_v and_o the_o sum_n be_v not_o either_o by_o the_o great_a or_o tun_n express_v then_o such_o freight_n as_o be_v accustom_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o the_o like_a voyage_n be_v due_a and_o aught_o to_o be_v pay_v according_o if_o the_o like_a ship_n of_o 200_o ton_n be_v freight_v by_o the_o tun_n and_o full_o lade_v according_a to_o their_o charterpartie_n then_o freight_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o every_o tun_n otherwise_o but_o for_o so_o many_o tun_n as_o the_o lade_n in_o the_o same_o be_v if_o the_o like_a ship_n of_o two_o hundred_o be_v freight_v and_o name_v to_o be_v of_o that_o burden_n in_o their_o covenant_n and_o be_v freight_v by_o the_o tun_n shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v less_o in_o bigness_n there_o be_v no_o more_o due_a to_o be_v pay_v than_o by_o the_o tun_n for_o so_o many_o as_o the_o same_o do_v carry_v and_o bring_v in_o good_n if_o the_o like_a ship_n be_v freight_v for_o two_o hundred_o ton_n or_o thereabouts_o this_o addition_n or_o thereabouts_o be_v within_o five_o ton_n common_o take_v and_o understand_v as_o the_o moiety_n of_o the_o number_n ten_o whereof_o the_o whole_a number_n be_v compound_v if_o the_o like_a ship_n be_v freight_v by_o the_o great_a and_o the_o burden_n of_o it_o be_v not_o express_v in_o the_o contract_n yet_o the_o sum_n certain_a agree_v upon_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v without_o any_o cavillation_n if_o freight_n be_v agree_v upon_o for_o the_o commodity_n lade_v or_o to_o be_v lade_v for_o a_o certain_a price_n for_o every_o pack_n barrel_n butt_n and_o pipe_n etc._n etc._n without_o any_o regard_n have_v to_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o ship_n but_o to_o give_v she_o the_o full_a lade_n no_o man_n make_v doubt_n but_o that_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v according_o if_o the_o like_a ship_n or_o any_o other_o be_v freight_v by_o the_o great_a for_o a_o sum_n certain_a happen_v to_o be_v cast_v away_o there_o be_v nothing_o due_a for_o freight_v but_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v freight_v by_o the_o ton_n or_o piece_n of_o commodity_n lade_v and_o cast_v away_o and_o some_o save_v then_o be_v it_o make_v questionable_a whether_o any_o freight_n be_v due_a for_o the_o good_n save_v pro_fw-la rata_fw-la albeit_o there_o be_v none_o due_a at_o all_o for_o the_o assuror_n be_v not_o to_o be_v abridge_v herein_o by_o any_o freight_n hence_o arise_v some_o other_o question_n exempli_fw-la gratia_fw-la whether_o a_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n have_v undertake_v to_o carry_v over_o a_o family_n or_o certain_a slave_n or_o cattle_n and_o some_o of_o they_o die_v in_o the_o voyage_n shall_v have_v any_o fraught_n for_o those_o person_n or_o cattle_n which_o be_v dead_a whereupon_o three_o consideration_n be_v incident_a 1_o if_o the_o contract_n be_v make_v for_o the_o whole_a family_n slave_n or_o cattle_n than_o the_o freight_n or_o passage_n money_n be_v due_a and_o to_o be_v pay_v for_o all_o 2_o if_o it_o be_v covenant_v that_o for_o every_o head_n or_o passenger_n the_o master_n shall_v have_v a_o certainty_n then_o for_o the_o dead_a never_o come_v to_o the_o destine_a place_n there_o be_v nothing_o due_a 3_o if_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v how_o the_o agreement_n be_v make_v but_o that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a sum_n agree_v upon_o then_o that_o agreement_n be_v a_o entire_a thing_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v although_o some_o die_v the_o reason_n be_v because_o there_o be_v no_o fault_n in_o the_o master_n and_o therefore_o the_o rule_n of_o re_fw-mi integra_fw-la remain_v good_a and_o if_o a_o woman_n be_v carry_v over_o and_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o child_n in_o the_o voyage_n yet_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o child_n which_o she_o carry_v in_o her_o arm_n there_o be_v a_o ancient_a question_n whether_o a_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n who_o promise_v to_o place_v another_o in_o his_o ship_n and_o to_o expose_v he_o in_o a_o certain_a place_n can_v demand_v any_o recompense_n for_o the_o same_o he_o never_o have_v place_v the_o party_n there_o but_o the_o party_n come_v into_o the_o ship_n and_o so_o go_v over_o wherein_o they_o consider_v the_o difference_n between_o live_a creature_n and_o rational_a or_o thing_n dead_a and_o insensible_a and_o diverse_a other_o reason_n which_o i_o omit_v for_o it_o may_v well_o be_v compare_v to_o the_o disputation_n de_fw-fr lana_n caprina_fw-la whether_o the_o hair_n of_o the_o buck_n be_v wool_n or_o hair_n which_o put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o pretty_a tale_n which_o for_o variety_n of_o theme_n i_o here_o bestow_v upon_o merry_a conceit_a mariner_n the_o poet_n have_v make_v charon_n to_o be_v the_o ferrieman_n of_o hell_n wager_n a_o merry_a tale_n of_o charon_n wager_n pass_v over_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o person_n of_o diverse_a profession_n fain_o that_o on_o a_o time_n a_o sophister_n be_v to_o be_v transport_v who_o take_v exception_n at_o charon_n beard_n and_o by_o a_o sillogisme_n will_v prove_v he_o to_o be_v a_o goat_n frame_v his_o argument_n in_o this_o manner_n a_o goat_n have_v a_o beard_n which_o be_v never_o kemb_v and_o you_o have_v a_o beard_n which_o be_v never_o kemb_v ergo_fw-la you_o be_v a_o goat_n charon_n answer_v do_v wonder_n at_o his_o conclusion_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o prove_v the_o sophister_n to_o be_v a_o ass_n because_o that_o of_o a_o comparison_n he_o make_v a_o argument_n for_o say_v he_o if_o you_o have_v make_v a_o sillogisme_n in_o this_o manner_n argument_n a_o sophisticated_a argument_n that_o which_o be_v hail_n be_v no_o snow_n haile_n be_v white_a ergo_fw-la snow_n be_v not_o white_a then_o there_o have_v be_v some_o show_n of_o reason_n but_o tell_v i_o what_o be_v a_o ass_n and_o the_o sophister_n answer_v it_o be_v a_o live_a creature_n without_o reason_n and_o be_v demand_v what_o reason_n be_v he_o say_v it_o be_v to_o follow_v and_o use_v the_o good_a and_o to_o shun_v the_o evil_a then_o charon_n conclude_v upon_o his_o own_o word_n and_o say_v your_o own_o word_n have_v prove_v you_o a_o ass_n want_v reason_n for_o you_o have_v no_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n whereby_o you_o shall_v be_v guide_v to_o follow_v the_o good_a which_o be_v virtue_n but_o you_o have_v follow_v evil_a which_o be_v vice_n which_o make_v you_o to_o come_v hither_o to_o receive_v the_o punishment_n of_o a_o ass_n which_o be_v incident_a unto_o most_o mariner_n come_v on_o shore_n i_o wish_v they_o to_o remember_v thanksgiving_n to_o god_n
and_o to_o conclude_v concern_v fraightment_n and_o charterpaâ—ties_n let_v we_o observe_v that_o equity_n in_o all_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o especial_o in_o sea-fairing_n cause_n and_o cavillation_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v as_o for_o example_n a_o merchant_n freight_v a_o ship_n with_o all_o his_o furniture_n by_o the_o month_n and_o put_v into_o she_o the_o master_n and_o mariner_n and_o victual_v the_o same_o at_o his_o charge_n and_o make_v a_o charterpartie_n with_o the_o owner_n promise_v to_o pay_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o furniture_n twenty_o pound_n every_o month_n at_o her_o return_n into_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o so_o lade_v in_o she_o for_o the_o strait_n regard_v equity_n in_o seafaring_a cause_n much_o to_o be_v regard_v and_o to_o go_v from_o port_n to_o port_n in_o several_a place_n with_o merchandise_n and_o after_o two_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o have_v take_v her_o lade_n in_o barbary_n come_v for_o london_n and_o by_o storm_n and_o tempest_n the_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o near_o dover_n and_o the_o good_n be_v save_v hereupon_o the_o merchant_n deny_v to_o pay_v the_o freight_n monthly_o to_o be_v reckon_v because_o the_o ship_n do_v not_o arrive_v in_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n according_a to_o the_o word_n in_o the_o charterpartie_n herein_o the_o owner_n be_v much_o wrong_v for_o the_o money_n be_v due_a monthly_a and_o the_o place_n be_v name_v only_o to_o signify_v the_o time_n when_o the_o money_n be_v due_a to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o ship_n deserve_v wage_n like_a unto_o a_o labourer_n or_o like_o a_o mariner_n which_o serve_v by_o the_o month_n who_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o time_n he_o have_v serve_v although_o he_o die_v before_o the_o voyage_n be_v end_v as_o we_o find_v daily_o that_o the_o east-indies_n company_n pay_v to_o their_o wife_n or_o friend_n the_o labourer_n be_v worthy_a of_o his_o hire_n the_o ship_n be_v not_o freight_v by_o the_o great_a to_o run_v that_o adventure_n which_o be_v note_v before_o neither_o be_v she_o want_v her_o furniture_n of_o cable_n anchor_n sail_n rope_n or_o any_o thing_n whereby_o she_o be_v disable_v to_o perform_v the_o voyage_n and_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o cast_v away_o for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o then_o there_o be_v great_a cause_n give_v to_o deny_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o freight_n again_o where_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o say_a owner_n have_v make_v assurance_n upon_o the_o ship_n for_o more_o than_o the_o same_o be_v worth_a and_o do_v thereby_o recover_v of_o the_o assuror_n a_o benefit_n towards_o his_o loss_n this_o do_v not_o concern_v the_o merchant_n but_o the_o assuror_n and_o if_o the_o assurance_n be_v orderly_o make_v the_o say_a assuror_n have_v pay_v the_o same_o due_o that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o the_o policy_n or_o writing_n of_o assurance_n do_v declare_v that_o the_o owner_n do_v value_v his_o ship_n in_o such_o a_o sum_n whereof_o hereafter_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o proper_a place_n entreat_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o assurance_n a_o merchant_n value_v one_o barrel_n of_o saffroh_n at_o 1000_o will_v have_v private_o put_v so_o much_o in_o gold_n in_o the_o same_o the_o gold_n be_v take_v but_o the_o saffron_n be_v deliver_v and_o the_o assuror_n do_v pay_v for_o the_o gold_n and_o the_o like_a be_v for_o pearl_n or_o other_o thing_n so_o value_v item_n when_o coffer_n pack_n or_o pipe_n and_o other_o mark_v commodity_n or_o good_n be_v deliver_v close_o pack_v or_o seal_v and_o afterward_o shall_v be_v receive_v open_a and_o loose_a the_o master_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v for_o it_o until_o a_o due_a trial_n and_o that_o consideration_n thereof_o be_v have_v he_o must_v also_o answer_v for_o the_o harm_n which_o rat_n do_v in_o the_o ship_n to_o any_o merchandise_n for_o want_n of_o a_o cat._n the_o merchant_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v to_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o say_a charterpartie_n to_o pay_v the_o freight_n of_o the_o good_n by_o he_o lade_v either_o by_o the_o last_o tun_n or_o by_o the_o pack_n and_o fardel_n according_a to_o the_o agreement_n account_v for_o a_o last_o tun_n or_o other_o thing_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o a_o tun_n lade_v wherein_o pesterable_a ware_n which_o take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o room_n be_v except_v and_o must_v be_v agree_v for_o and_o the_o good_n lade_v be_v liable_a for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o freight_n the_o merchant_n likewise_o do_v covenant_n to_o pay_v pilotage_n if_o a_o pilot_n be_v use_v to_o bring_v the_o ship_n into_o the_o harbour_n also_o primage_n and_o petilodmanidge_n to_o the_o master_n for_o the_o use_n of_o his_o cable_n to_o discharge_v the_o good_n petilodmenidge_n pilotage_n primage_n petilodmenidge_n and_o to_o the_o mariner_n to_o charge_n and_o discharge_v they_o which_o may_v be_v six_o penny_n or_o twelve_o penny_n for_o the_o tun_n lade_v with_o some_o other_o clause_n and_o agreement_n make_v between_o the_o say_a merchant_n and_o master_n wherein_o it_o be_v not_o a_o miss_n to_o limit_v a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n on_o either_o side_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o charterpartie_n and_o to_o covenant_n the_o same_o by_o the_o say_a charterpartie_n whereof_o i_o do_v here_o prescribe_v but_o one_o form_n consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o condition_n therein_o use_v as_o the_o merchant_n and_o master_n can_v agree_v which_o every_o scrivener_n do_v usual_o make_v according_o as_o in_o this_o chapter_n be_v rehearse_v *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n his_o power_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o master_n to_o the_o merchant_n oleron_n law_n of_o oleron_n the_o whole_a power_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o master_n require_v a_o stay_a man_n and_o of_o experience_n whereunto_o the_o owner_n be_v to_o take_v great_a heed_n for_o his_o power_n be_v describe_v partly_o by_o the_o owner_n or_o setter_n forth_o of_o the_o ship_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o common-law_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o mean_n and_o virtue_n whereof_o the_o master_n may_v if_o need_v be_v borrow_v money_n in_o a_o strange_a country_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o company_n upon_o some_o of_o the_o tackle_n or_o furniture_n of_o the_o ship_n or_o else_o sell_v some_o of_o the_o merchant_n good_n provide_v that_o the_o merchant_n be_v repay_v again_o at_o the_o high_a price_n that_o the_o like_a good_n be_v sell_v for_o at_o the_o market_n which_o be_v do_v the_o freight_n of_o those_o good_n so_o sell_v and_o repay_v shall_v be_v also_o repay_v by_o the_o master_n to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n aswell_o as_o the_o freight_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o merchant_n good_n except_o the_o ship_n perish_v in_o the_o voyage_n in_o this_o case_n only_o the_o price_n that_o the_o good_n be_v buy_v for_o shall_v be_v render_v and_o for_o no_o other_o cause_n may_v the_o master_n take_v up_o money_n or_o sell_v any_o of_o the_o merchant_n good_n although_o it_o be_v in_o the_o danger_n of_o shipwreck_n etc._n the_o duty_n of_o a_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n etc._n etc._n such_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n that_o be_v provident_a that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o make_v sail_n and_o put_v forth_o to_o sea_n without_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o company_n especial_o when_o the_o weather_n be_v stormy_a otherwise_o he_o shall_v answer_v the_o damage_n that_o come_v thereby_o principal_o if_o he_o have_v not_o provide_v a_o expert_a pilot_n or_o if_o the_o ship_n happen_v to_o fall_v over_o in_o the_o harbour_n the_o master_n shall_v be_v punish_v also_o by_o damage_n if_o the_o overloope_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v untyth_n or_o the_o pump_n be_v faulty_a or_o a_o sufficient_a cover_n be_v want_v especial_o for_o corn_n victual_v and_o such_o like_a commodity_n he_o be_v also_o before_o his_o departure_n to_o deliver_v the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o person_n which_o he_o be_v to_o transport_v and_o of_o his_o mariner_n which_o with_o we_o be_v but_o late_o establish_v and_o at_o his_o return_n he_o be_v to_o deliver_v a_o true_a inventory_n of_o the_o good_n of_o any_o person_n which_o shall_v happen_v to_o depart_v this_o life_n in_o that_o voyage_n not_o only_o because_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n may_v have_v intelligence_n of_o it_o but_o also_o because_o their_o good_n may_v be_v safe_a and_o forthcoming_a for_o one_o whole_a year_n of_o which_o good_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o bed_n and_o appurtenance_n may_v be_v take_v by_o the_o master_n and_o his_o mate_n to_o their_o use_n as_o also_o such_o clothing_n and_o other_o thing_n then_o upon_o his_o body_n may_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o boatman_n and_o the_o
portage_n be_v bring_v in_o he_o shall_v only_o have_v the_o freight_n of_o so_o much_o good_n if_o a_o ship_n pass_v further_o than_o the_o mariner_n be_v hire_v his_o hire_n shall_v be_v according_o augment_v except_o he_o be_v hire_v a_o mareage_n mais_fw-fr non_fw-fr a_fw-fr deniers_fw-fr as_o the_o french_a man_n speak_v or_o by_o the_o month_n for_o all_o the_o year_n if_o a_o mariner_n run_v away_o with_o his_o hire_n undeserued_a he_o deserve_v the_o gallow_n if_o a_o mariner_n be_v hire_v for_o a_o simple_a mariner_n and_o afterward_o in_o the_o voyage_n find_v hire_v to_o be_v a_o pilot_n or_o a_o master_n he_o may_v pass_v restore_v his_o former_a hire_n and_o so_o it_o be_v if_o he_o marry_v mariner_n be_v not_o only_o to_o discharge_v and_o deliver_v good_n out_o of_o the_o ship_n but_o also_o if_o no_o porter_n or_o carrier_n be_v in_o those_o part_n to_o carry_v the_o same_o themselves_o for_o such_o hire_n as_o other_o workman_n shall_v have_v have_v therefore_o if_o it_o happen_v a_o ship_n to_o be_v prise_v for_o debt_n or_o otherwise_o to_o be_v forfeit_v yet_o the_o mariner_n hire_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v and_o if_o she_o prosper_v to_o receive_v their_o pay_n in_o the_o same_o money_n that_o the_o freight_n be_v pay_v with_o last_o a_o mariner_n shall_v neither_o be_v arrest_v nor_o take_v forth_o of_o a_o ship_n make_v ready_a to_o sail_v for_o any_o debt_n but_o only_o his_o hire_n and_o as_o much_o other_o good_n as_o he_o have_v in_o the_o ship_n may_v be_v arrest_v for_o it_o according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o the_o master_n to_o be_v answerable_a for_o all_o because_o the_o ship_n be_v compare_v to_o a_o man_n dwell_v house_n which_o be_v his_o sure_a refuge_n by_o the_o law_n except_o it_o be_v for_o a_o swear_a debt_n or_o a_o penalty_n to_o the_o king_n through_o some_o crime_n chap._n xxiiii_o of_o the_o office_n of_o assurance_n and_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o same_o claudius_n caesar_n the_o five_o roman_a emperor_n by_o succession_n of_o government_n from_o julius_n caesar_n who_o be_v before_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n bear_v under_o augustus_n and_o the_o first_o persecution_n of_o christian_n be_v under_o tiberius_n sâ—etonius_n sâ—etonius_n and_o the_o second_o more_o cruel_a under_o caligula_n who_o claudius_n do_v immediate_o succeed_v this_o claudius_n do_v bring_v in_o this_o most_o laudable_a custom_n of_o assurance_n whereby_o the_o danger_n and_o adventure_n of_o good_n be_v divide_v repart_v and_o bear_v by_o many_o person_n consent_v and_o agree_v upon_o between_o they_o what_o part_n every_o man_n will_v be_v content_v to_o assure_v make_v good_a and_o pay_v if_o any_o loss_n or_o casualty_n shall_v happen_v to_o the_o good_n adventure_v or_o to_o be_v adventure_v at_o the_o sea_n as_o also_o by_o land_n to_o the_o end_n that_o merchant_n may_v enlarge_v and_o augment_v their_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n and_o not_o adventure_v all_o in_o one_o bottom_n to_o their_o loss_n and_o overthrow_n but_o that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v repart_v and_o answer_v for_o by_o many_o this_o custom_n come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o oleron_n be_v record_v and_o by_o they_o set_v down_o for_o a_o law_n and_o practise_v to_o be_v observe_v through_o all_o the_o sea-coast_n town_n of_o france_n and_o yet_o be_v first_o use_v in_o england_n and_o after_o we_o imitate_v by_o the_o antuerpians_n and_o all_o other_o nation_n there_o inhabit_v when_o that_o city_n do_v flourish_v and_o whereas_o here_o in_o london_n merchant_n lombardstreet_n than_o the_o exchange_n of_o merchant_n the_o meeting_n among_o merchant_n be_v in_o lombardstreet_n in_o london_n as_o aforesaid_a so_o call_v because_o certain_a italian_n out_o of_o lombardie_n keep_v there_o a_o pawne-house_n or_o lombard_n long_o before_o the_o royal_a exchange_n be_v build_v by_o sir_n thomas_n gresham_n knight_n all_o the_o policy_n or_o writing_n of_o assurance_n which_o then_o be_v and_o now_o yet_o be_v make_v do_v make_v mention_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o all_o thing_n concern_v the_o say_a assurance_n as_o be_v accustom_v to_o be_v do_v in_o lombard_n street_n in_o london_n which_o be_v imitate_v also_o in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o low-countries_n these_o assurance_n be_v make_v in_o the_o say_a office_n in_o the_o west_n end_n of_o the_o say_v royal_a exchange_n in_o london_n which_o be_v of_o several_a nature_n as_o follow_v and_o at_o diverse_a and_o several_a rate_n the_o commissioner_n for_o the_o say_a assurance_n be_v choose_v yearly_a or_o at_o the_o least_o some_o of_o they_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o every_o year_n and_o at_o rouen_n at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n choose_v their_o prior_n and_o consul_n the_o chief_a authority_n with_o we_o do_v rest_n in_o the_o lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n confirm_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o late_a time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n as_o you_o may_v understand_v by_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_n for_o assurance_n for_o the_o obtain_n whereof_o i_o have_v sundry_a time_n attend_v the_o committee_n of_o the_o say_a parliament_n by_o who_o mean_n the_o same_o be_v enact_v not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n because_o there_o be_v many_o suit_n in_o law_n by_o action_n of_o assumpsit_fw-la before_o that_o time_n upon_o matteâ—s_n determine_v by_o the_o commissioner_n for_o assurance_n who_o for_o want_v of_o power_n and_o authority_n can_v not_o compel_v contentious_a person_n to_o perform_v their_o ordinance_n and_o the_o party_n die_v the_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v account_v to_o be_v void_a in_o law_n the_o nature_n of_o assurance_n the_o nature_n of_o assurance_n be_v either_o upon_o good_n lade_v or_o to_o be_v lade_v outward_o in_o such_o a_o ship_n bind_v from_o such_o a_o place_n to_o such_o a_o place_n as_o for_o example_n from_o london_n to_o saint_n lucar_n upon_o perpetuanoes_n or_o corne_n until_o it_o be_v lay_v on_o shore_n at_o seville_n which_o adventure_n be_v as_o well_o in_o the_o small_a ship_n lighter_n or_o boat_n whereby_o it_o be_v carry_v up_o to_o the_o city_n of_o seville_n until_o land_v of_o it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o ship_n whereby_o the_o say_v perpetuanoes_n or_o corne_n be_v transport_v from_o london_n to_o say_fw-ge lucar_n and_o any_o damage_n either_o total_o or_o in_o part_n be_v to_o be_v answer_v by_o the_o assuror_n according_o and_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la that_o every_o man_n have_v subscribe_v in_o the_o policy_n or_o writing_n of_o assurance_n as_o by_o the_o say_a commissioner_n for_o assurance_n shall_v be_v set_v down_o other_o assurance_n be_v make_v upon_o good_n lade_v or_o to_o be_v lade_v homeward_o in_o such_o a_o ship_n under_o such_o a_o mark_n the_o master_n name_n and_o any_o other_o circumstance_n whereby_o the_o say_v good_n or_o commodity_n may_v be_v know_v to_o be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v assure_v as_o lade_v or_o to_o be_v lade_v by_o such_o a_o man_n in_o such_o a_o place_n about_o such_o a_o time_n etc._n etc._n which_o if_o it_o be_v in_o any_o ship_n that_o be_v freight_v outward_o may_v be_v better_o specify_v or_o if_o it_o be_v by_o letter_n of_o advice_n it_o may_v be_v describe_v according_o which_o adventure_n may_v also_o run_v from_o the_o time_n that_o the_o say_v good_n posito_fw-la oil_n of_o vtrera_n be_v lade_v into_o any_o vessel_n light_a or_o boat_n to_o come_v down_o the_o river_n to_o say_fw-ge lucar_n to_o be_v lade_v in_o such_o a_o ship_n or_o any_o ship_n neither_o name_v the_o ship_n nor_o master_n unto_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o the_o say_a oil_n there_o lay_v on_o land_n but_o to_o declare_v that_o the_o pipe_n be_v mark_v with_o such_o a_o mark_n to_o be_v lade_v by_o such_o a_o man_n do_v much_o strengthen_v the_o say_a assurance_n to_o avoid_v cavillation_n doubt_n or_o controversy_n other_o assurance_n be_v make_v upon_o good_n lade_v in_o a_o ship_n for_o a_o certain_a place_n which_o ship_n be_v freight_v go_v and_o come_v as_o for_o turkey_n or_o any_o place_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n bind_v to_o go_v into_o several_a port_n to_o discharge_v part_n of_o the_o lade_n in_o one_o place_n and_o the_o rest_n in_o another_o place_n and_o then_o to_o lade_v again_o homeward_o in_o such_o another_o place_n and_o all_o this_o assurance_n be_v one_o entire_a assurance_n until_o the_o ship_n be_v return_v home_o and_o the_o good_n safe_o receive_v on_o land_n other_o assurance_n be_v make_v upon_o good_n to_o be_v send_v or_o lade_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o and_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o provenue_n thereof_o as_o from_o lixborne_a to_o brasile_n and_o back_o again_o to_o lixborne_n or_o from_o saint_n lucar_n to_o the_o west-indies_n santo_n
domingo_fw-la perou_n or_o any_o other_o place_n and_o so_o back_o again_o or_o from_o portugal_n to_o the_o east-indies_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n to_o lixborne_n again_o all_o which_o assurance_n be_v very_o dangerous_a because_o a_o man_n can_v have_v advice_n when_o the_o voyage_n be_v perform_v and_o it_o have_v fall_v out_o that_o the_o assuror_n have_v bear_v two_o adventure_n for_o one_o the_o ship_n make_v two_o voyage_n unknown_a to_o the_o assuror_n dwell_v in_o remote_a place_n other_o assurance_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o ship_n or_o ship_n tackle_n furniture_n and_o keel_n of_o the_o ship_n so_o call_v because_o all_o be_v to_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o assuror_n and_o likewise_o the_o assuror_n be_v liable_a and_o bind_v to_o answer_v for_o the_o whole_a ship_n as_o also_o for_o cable_n anchor_n and_o any_o furniture_n or_o part_n of_o the_o same_o which_o be_v also_o dangerous_a and_o much_o subject_n to_o aueridge_n and_o other_o casualty_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o a_o ship_n that_o can_v drink_v of_o all_o water_n whereunto_o diverse_a man_n may_v lay_v claim_n or_o for_o some_o act_n perpetrate_v by_o she_o in_o time_n past_a whereby_o the_o same_o may_v be_v call_v in_o question_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o price_n of_o assurance_n upon_o ship_n be_v almost_o double_a other_o assurance_n be_v make_v upon_o good_n and_o merchandise_n send_v by_o land_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o by_o the_o conductor_n or_o carrier_n to_o venice_n frankford_n or_o any_o other_o place_n wherein_o the_o good_n common_o be_v declare_v and_o the_o mark_n also_o and_o this_o manner_n of_o assurance_n be_v especial_o perform_v by_o the_o conductor_n who_o take_v for_o the_o charge_n a_o certain_a allowance_n for_o every_o pound_n weight_n that_o the_o good_n do_v weigh_v and_o moreover_o 2_o 3_o or_o 4_o upon_o the_o hundred_o pound_n in_o value_n that_o the_o say_v good_n be_v esteem_v to_o be_v worth_a and_o he_o do_v appoint_v a_o sufficient_a guard_n of_o soldier_n to_o convey_v the_o same_o by_o land_n and_o river_n to_o the_o place_n intend_v which_o nevertheless_o by_o a_o strong_a power_n have_v many_o time_n be_v take_v by_o the_o freebooter_n other_o assurance_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o life_n of_o man_n for_o diverse_a respect_n some_o because_o their_o estate_n be_v mere_o for_o term_v of_o life_n and_o if_o they_o have_v child_n or_o friend_n to_o leave_v some_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n unto_o they_o value_v their_o life_n at_o so_o many_o hundred_o pound_n for_o one_o or_o more_o year_n and_o cause_v that_o value_n to_o be_v assure_v at_o five_o six_o ten_o or_o more_o for_o every_o hundred_o pound_n and_o if_o he_o do_v depart_v this_o life_n within_o that_o time_n the_o assuror_n pay_v the_o money_n as_o it_o happen_v of_o late_a that_o one_o be_v engage_v for_o sir_n richard_n martin_n knight_n master_n of_o the_o mint_n cause_v 300_o will_v to_o be_v assure_v upon_o the_o life_n of_o the_o say_a sir_n richard_n be_v some_o 90_o year_n of_o age_n and_o therefore_o give_v twenty_o and_o five_o pro_fw-la centum_fw-la to_o the_o assuror_n the_o ancient_a knight_n dye_v within_o the_o year_n and_o the_o say_a assuror_n do_v pay_v the_o money_n also_o one_o master_n kiddermaster_n have_v buy_v a_o office_n of_o the_o six_o clerk_n of_o the_o chancery_n and_o take_v up_o money_n of_o other_o cause_v for_o their_o assurance_n for_o many_o year_n together_o 2000_o will_v to_o be_v assure_v upon_o his_o life_n after_o four_o and_o five_o in_o the_o hundred_o until_o he_o have_v pay_v that_o money_n which_o be_v very_o commodious_a likewise_o a_o traveller_n undertake_v a_o voyage_n to_o jerusalem_n or_o babylon_n deliver_v out_o money_n payable_a at_o his_o return_n will_v provident_o assure_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n upon_o his_o life_n either_o to_o secure_v some_o man_n that_o do_v furnish_v he_o with_o money_n to_o perform_v his_o voyage_n and_o to_o put_v forth_o the_o great_a sum_n or_o to_o leave_v some_o mean_n unto_o his_o friend_n if_o he_o shall_v die_v and_o never_o return_v so_o that_o this_o office_n be_v most_o necessary_a in_o all_o humane_a action_n and_o man_n can_v invent_v or_o imagine_v any_o thing_n but_o the_o value_n of_o it_o may_v be_v assure_v as_o you_o may_v judge_v by_o the_o former_a example_n and_o herein_o must_v be_v note_v that_o assuror_n be_v very_o fit_o compare_v unto_o orphan_n because_o they_o may_v endure_v much_o wrong_n but_o can_v commit_v any_o for_o they_o be_v to_o be_v order_v and_o command_v by_o the_o commissioner_n sentence_n and_o must_v perform_v the_o same_o to_o which_o end_n the_o lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n for_o the_o time_n be_v have_v authority_n to_o commit_v they_o to_o prison_n if_o in_o case_n they_o do_v not_o satisfy_v the_o same_o within_o a_o time_n limit_v until_o they_o do_v it_o other_o assurance_n be_v make_v and_o these_o be_v the_o most_o dangerous_a of_o all_o because_o they_o be_v make_v upon_o ship_n and_o good_n lose_v or_o not_o lose_v which_o be_v not_o only_o in_o regard_n that_o a_o ship_n know_v to_o be_v depart_v do_v not_o arrive_v in_o many_o month_n after_o to_o the_o appoint_a place_n of_o discharge_n but_o also_o if_o any_o news_n do_v come_v that_o the_o ship_n and_o good_n be_v cast_v away_o nevertheless_o if_o the_o assurance_n be_v make_v with_o the_o word_n lose_v or_o not_o lose_v the_o assuror_n bear_v the_o adventure_n of_o it_o unâ—esse_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o party_n who_o cause_v the_o assurance_n to_o be_v make_v do_v see_v the_o ship_n when_o it_o be_v cast_v away_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v a_o fraud_n as_o the_o fraudulent_a deal_n of_o he_o that_o have_v a_o rot_a ship_n assurance_n fraudulent_a assurance_n and_o cause_v assurance_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o she_o and_o cause_v the_o same_o to_o perish_v or_o sink_v at_o the_o sea_n to_o make_v the_o assuror_n to_o pay_v for_o his_o rot_a ship_n which_o can_v not_o be_v sell_v by_o he_o in_o the_o case_n of_o assurance_n of_o lose_a or_o not_o lose_v i_o remember_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1583_o there_o be_v a_o rich_a carrack_n call_v the_o saint_n peter_n come_v from_o the_o east-indies_n for_o lixborne_n miss_v a_o long_a time_n and_o there_o be_v assurance_n make_v upon_o she_o in_o antuerpe_n rouen_n and_o other_o place_n at_o 30_o pro_fw-la centum_fw-la within_o three_o year_n after_o there_o come_v or_o do_v arrive_v at_o lixborne_a a_o small_a ship_n rich_o lade_v which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o other_o ship_n which_o be_v cast_v on_o shore_n in_o a_o certain_a island_n and_o thereupon_o certain_a controversy_n do_v arise_v between_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o good_n and_o the_o assuror_n as_o also_o the_o master_n and_o mariner_n at_o last_o it_o be_v adjudge_v at_o lixborne_a by_o the_o sea-law_n that_o the_o master_n and_o mariner_n shall_v have_v one_o three_o part_n and_o that_o the_o assuror_n shall_v come_v in_o for_o so_o much_o as_o they_o have_v pro_fw-la rata_fw-la assure_v all_o charge_n deduct_v the_o ship_n to_o be_v the_o owner_n of_o the_o former_a carrack_n with_o the_o like_a consideration_n as_o aforesaid_a assurance_n price_n of_o assurance_n concern_v the_o price_n of_o assurance_n or_o premio_fw-la as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o it_o be_v differ_v in_o all_o place_n according_a to_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o time_n either_o of_o war_n or_o peace_n or_o danger_n of_o pirate_n man_n of_o war_n or_o rock_n and_o unaccessible_a place_n season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o such_o like_a and_o the_o say_v premio_fw-la be_v never_o less_o than_o at_o this_o time_n for_o assurance_n be_v make_v for_o middleborough_n and_o amsterdam_n at_o 3_o pro_fw-la cent_n the_o like_a from_o london_n to_o rouen_n and_o diepe_a edinburgh_n in_o scotland_n and_o hamborough_n in_o east-land_n and_o from_o london_n to_o bourdeaux_n and_o rochel_n lubeck_n denmark_n 4_o upon_o the_o hundred_o as_o also_o for_o barbary_n for_o lixborne_a biscay_n ireland_n dansicke_a riga_n revel_v and_o sweaden_a 5_o in_o the_o hundred_o seville_n gibraltar_n maliga_n and_o the_o island_n 6_o and_o 7_o for_o leghorn_n civita_n vecchia_n 8_o and_o 9_o venice_n 10_o wardhouse_n 9_o russia_n 9_o santo_n domingo_fw-la 11_o and_o 12_o and_o for_o the_o east-indies_n 15_o nay_o both_o for_o go_v and_o come_v have_v be_v make_v at_o 20_o pro_fw-la centum_fw-la chap._n xxv_o of_o policy_n of_o assurance_n and_o the_o substance_n of_o they_o and_o of_o contribution_n we_o have_v partly_o touch_v what_o a_o policy_n or_o writing_n of_o assurance_n be_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o assurance_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o danger_n and_o adventure_n whereunto_o the_o assuror_n be_v subject_a but_o now_o we_o be_v to_o
express_v they_o upon_o the_o very_a word_n contain_v in_o all_o or_o most_o policy_n of_o assurance_n namely_o of_o the_o sea_n man_n of_o war_n fire_n enemy_n pirate_n rover_n thief_n jettezon_n letter_n of_o mart_n and_o covenant_n arrest_v restraint_n and_o detainement_n of_o king_n and_o prince_n and_o of_o all_o other_o person_n barratrie_a of_o the_o master_n and_o mariner_n and_o of_o all_o other_o peril_n loss_n and_o misfortune_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v and_o howsoever_o they_o shall_v happen_v or_o come_v to_o the_o hurt_n and_o detriment_n of_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n or_o any_o part_n or_o parcel_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n first_o the_o policy_n of_o assurance_n say_v that_o such_o a_o man_n of_o what_o nation_n or_o quality_n soever_o he_o be_v cause_v himself_o to_o be_v assure_v from_o such_o a_o place_n to_o such_o a_o place_n upon_o good_n or_o etc._n etc._n lade_v or_o to_o be_v lade_v in_o the_o good_a ship_n call_v the_o dragon_n or_o etc._n etc._n of_o the_o burden_n of_o so_o many_o ton_n whereof_o a.b._n be_v master_n for_o such_o a_o voyage_n and_o to_o bear_v the_o adventure_n abovesaid_a if_o the_o person_n who_o name_n be_v use_v in_o the_o assurance_n be_v in_o time_n of_o war_n take_v to_o be_v no_o friend_n to_o the_o state_n there_o be_v a_o danger_n to_o pay_v the_o say_a assurance_n if_o after_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o assurour_n the_o good_n shall_v be_v arrest_v and_o be_v make_v forfeit_v to_o answer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o prince_n albeit_o this_o be_v by_o the_o late_a queen_n elizabeth_n contradict_v in_o the_o point_n of_o honour_n as_o it_o please_v she_o of_o a_o royal_a and_o noble_a disposition_n to_o say_v in_o a_o case_n concern_v the_o portugall_n subject_n to_o her_o adversary_n philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n for_o in_o the_o year_n 1589_o a_o great_a ship_n be_v take_v by_o certain_a man_n of_o war_n of_o london_n and_o bring_v into_o plymouth_n lade_v with_o pepper_n sugar_n and_o 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their_o good_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o portugall_n be_v great_a loser_n many_o way_n which_o be_v do_v according_o the_o loss_n which_o ordinary_o according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n happen_v upon_o the_o sea_n be_v know_v the_o like_a be_v more_o or_o less_o with_o man_n of_o war_n enemy_n pirate_n rover_n and_o thief_n assuror_n lâ—sses_n to_o bâ—_n well_o consider_v of_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o assuror_n especial_o with_o man_n of_o war_n in_o time_n of_o hostility_n as_o it_o be_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n by_o pirate_n rover_n or_o thief_n which_o be_v assail_a thief_n for_o otherwise_o if_o there_o be_v thief_n on_o shipboard_n within_o themselves_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v to_o answer_v for_o that_o and_o to_o make_v it_o good_a so_o that_o the_o assuror_n be_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v with_o any_o such_o loss_n which_o sometime_o be_v not_o observe_v as_o fraudulent_a assurance_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o steal_a good_n within_o shipboard_n do_v not_o concern_v the_o assuror_n so_o likewise_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o pilot_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v on_o their_o behalf_n by_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n after_o that_o the_o pilot_n have_v bring_v the_o ship_n in_o sure_a harbour_n he_o be_v no_o further_o bind_v or_o liable_a for_o then_o the_o master_n be_v to_o see_v to_o her_o bed_n and_o her_o lie_v and_o bear_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o her_o burden_n charge_n and_o danger_n so_o that_o if_o before_o she_o come_v into_o the_o port_n or_o some_o safety_n either_o she_o or_o good_n perish_v or_o be_v spoil_v pilot_n law_n against_o unskilful_a pilot_n the_o pilot_n make_v good_a the_o same_o yea_o if_o his_o fault_n or_o ignorance_n be_v so_o gross_a that_o the_o company_n see_v any_o manifest_a and_o present_a wrack_n to_o all_o thereby_o then_o may_v they_o lead_v he_o to_o the_o hatch_n and_o strike_v off_o his_o head_n moreover_o if_o without_o apparent_a danger_n some_o of_o the_o skilful_a mariner_n deem_v that_o a_o pilot_n be_v not_o so_o skilful_a as_o he_o make_v boast_v or_o profession_n of_o then_o shall_v he_o both_o lose_v his_o hire_n and_o double_a the_o same_o to_o the_o admiral_n and_o master_n or_o else_o by_o the_o law_n of_o denmark_n pass_v thrice_o under_o the_o ship_n keel_n and_o also_o if_o a_o pilot_n hire_v for_o a_o voyage_n be_v not_o ready_a against_o the_o day_n he_o shall_v not_o only_o pay_v the_o master_n and_o merchant_n damage_n or_o stay_v but_o also_o the_o freight_n that_o be_v lose_v thereby_o except_o sickness_n or_o some_o very_a lawful_a excuse_n qualify_v the_o same_o the_o like_a consideration_n must_v be_v have_v in_o the_o contribution_n make_v to_o satisfy_v pirate_n for_o if_o ship_n or_o good_n be_v redeem_v from_o a_o pirate_n the_o contribution_n must_v be_v make_v by_o all_o because_o the_o redemption_n be_v make_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o all_o pirate_n contribution_n for_o pirate_n but_o if_o the_o pirate_n be_v once_o master_n of_o all_o and_o yet_o take_v but_o some_o special_a good_n whether_o from_o ship_n or_o merchant_n and_o not_o as_o a_o contentation_n for_o spare_v of_o the_o rest_n in_o this_o case_n because_o the_o remainder_n be_v not_o assure_v thereby_o but_o free_o spare_v no_o contribution_n be_v to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o take_v good_n to_o charge_v any_o assuror_n with_o any_o part_n thereof_o for_o oftentimes_o pirate_n take_v but_o thing_n at_o pleasure_n and_o not_o of_o mind_n to_o spoil_v but_o now_o adays_o common_o it_o be_v take_v and_o suppose_v otherwise_o howbeit_o beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o loser_n of_o the_o good_n so_o take_v bear_v his_o own_o loss_n unless_o it_o be_v assure_v it_o be_v so_o judge_v by_o a_o pack_n of_o stocking_n take_v out_o of_o a_o ship_n of_o amsterdam_n bind_v for_o sanlucar_n by_o the_o moor_n of_o barbary_n in_o the_o year_n 1589_o and_o the_o assuror_n pay_v according_o who_o have_v assure_v only_o upon_o that_o pack_n whereas_o if_o it_o have_v be_v cast_v into_o a_o aueridge_n to_o make_v all_o the_o assuror_n of_o that_o ship_n contributory_a the_o â—aid_a assuror_n have_v be_v much_o ease_v good_n contribution_n for_o spoil_a good_n and_o it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n be_v if_o by_o the_o lose_n of_o any_o cast_a good_n or_o upon_o any_o needful_a occasion_n the_o remain_a good_n be_v spoil_v either_o with_o wet_a or_o otherwise_o a_o contribution_n shall_v be_v make_v proportionable_a for_o so_o much_o as_o they_o be_v make_v worse_a again_o if_o it_o be_v needful_a to_o lighten_v a_o ship_n for_o her_o easy_a entry_n into_o the_o harbour_n or_o channel_n lightning_n contribution_n for_o lightning_n two_o part_n of_o the_o loss_n fall_v upon_o the_o good_n and_o the_o three_o part_n upon_o the_o ship_n unless_o the_o ship_n be_v more_o worth_a than_o the_o lade_n and_o that_o the_o charge_n of_o good_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o her_o inability_n to_o enter_v but_o some_o bad_a quality_n proceed_v of_o the_o ship_n itself_o or_o that_o otherways_o it_o be_v provide_v in_o the_o charter-party_n that_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v full_o deliver_v at_o the_o port_n covenant_v and_o appoint_v for_o they_o condition_n make_v law_n which_o concern_v the_o assuror_n also_o to_o look_v unto_o in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o if_o by_o occasion_n of_o lightning_n the_o good_n which_o be_v in_o the_o boat_n or_o light_a perish_v the_o ship_n and_o the_o good_n remain_v on_o shipboard_n shall_v make_v good_a the_o say_a loss_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o the_o ship_n and_o good_n remain_v perish_a after_o the_o light_a be_v once_o safe_a no_o contribution_n shall_v be_v set_v upon_o the_o good_n in_o
also_o dangerous_a to_o freight_v unknown_a ship_n which_o may_v be_v subject_a to_o other_o man_n action_n and_o that_o in_o many_o place_n where_o wind_n and_o weather_n may_v command_v they_o to_o enter_v for_o ship_n be_v proper_o repute_v among_o moveable_n quia_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la immobilia_fw-la shipwright_n of_o shipwright_n here_o the_o shipwrights_a or_o bvilder_n of_o ship_n be_v a_o especial_a sort_n of_o person_n to_o be_v consider_v and_o respect_v call_v by_o the_o grecian_n naupegi_n who_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o to_o render_v a_o account_n of_o their_o skill_n and_o knowledge_n in_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n to_o make_v the_o frame_n thereof_o comely_a and_o strong_a this_fw-mi and_o durable_a or_o else_o pay_v the_o penalty_n to_o be_v impose_v upon_o they_o for_o all_o cost_n and_o damage_n therefore_o they_o be_v to_o provide_v good_a material_n and_o refuse_v to_o take_v bad_a stuff_n as_o aller_n beech_n tree_n and_o such_o like_a spongy_a timber_n for_o salt_n water_n whereunto_o merchant_n must_v have_v a_o special_a regard_n and_o look_v that_o no_o green_a timber_n be_v put_v in_o the_o work_n but_o such_o good_a oak_n as_o have_v be_v cut_v down_o either_o at_o the_o wane_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o in_o the_o deep_a of_o winter_n or_o at_o such_o time_n as_o experience_n prove_v wood_n to_o be_v most_o solid_a and_o durable_a for_o be_v cut_v in_o other_o season_n and_o dry_v up_o it_o become_v open_a to_o receive_v the_o water_n and_o consequent_o the_o air_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o putrefaction_n in_o all_o thing_n vegetable_a concern_v iron_n they_o be_v also_o to_o have_v a_o care_n it_o be_v not_o brittle_a and_o that_o all_o be_v perform_v with_o great_a care_n ship_n be_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o shipwrights_a be_v forbid_v under_o pain_n of_o treason_n to_o communicate_v or_o make_v their_o art_n know_v unto_o enemy_n or_o barbarous_a people_n dangerous_a navigation_n dangerous_a from_o ship_v let_v we_o come_v to_o navigation_n of_o the_o necessarinesse_n whereof_o no_o man_n ever_o doubt_v and_o who_o peril_n be_v always_o eminent_a insomuch_o that_o anacarsis_n say_v that_o traveller_n on_o the_o sea_n be_v no_o further_o from_o death_n than_o so_o many_o ynche_n as_o the_o timber_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v thick_a or_o broad_a according_a to_o the_o say_n of_o the_o satire_n digitis_fw-la à _fw-la morte_fw-la remotis_fw-la quatuor_fw-la aut_fw-la septem_fw-la si_fw-la sit_fw-la latissima_fw-la tâ—da_fw-la who_o bias_n the_o philosopher_n will_v neither_o reckon_v among_o the_o live_n nor_o those_o that_o have_v life_n infuse_v and_o he_o be_v esteem_v to_o commit_v a_o great_a error_n that_o will_v bring_v any_o good_n by_o sea_n which_o he_o may_v transfer_v by_o land_n whereof_o more_o hereafter_o no_o man_n can_v be_v prohibit_v to_o sail_v on_o the_o main_a sea_n albeit_o in_o some_o place_n where_o the_o water_n be_v as_o royalty_n unto_o they_o it_o be_v prohibit_v as_o the_o venetian_n do_v in_o the_o adriaticke_a lake_n and_o other_o prince_n and_o commonweal_n in_o their_o jurisdiction_n and_o command_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o be_v take_v for_o a_o most_o ancient_a prescription_n if_o a_o ship_n bind_v for_o venice_n do_v enter_v into_o the_o river_n of_o lixborne_n and_o there_o deliver_v some_o good_n or_o merchandise_n and_o afterwards_o enter_v into_o the_o strait_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v drive_v by_o contrary_a wind_n to_o some_o other_o place_n or_o island_n in_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o then_o make_v after_o that_o his_o discharge_n at_o venice_n port._n sail_v from_o port_n to_o port._n all_o this_o time_n of_o the_o voyage_n be_v but_o one_o navigation_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n have_v commit_v no_o fault_n and_o do_v his_o endeavour_n if_o he_o do_v depart_v from_o his_o first_o port_n at_o the_o appoint_a time_n by_o the_o charterpartie_n limit_v but_o for_o as_o much_o that_o we_o have_v already_o entreat_v of_o his_o duty_n to_o the_o merchant_n let_v we_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n remember_v navigation_n with_o the_o community_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o now_o make_v a_o abridgement_n of_o the_o imperial_a sea-lawe_n of_o the_o haunce_n town_n chap._n xxxiii_o a_o abridgement_n of_o the_o imperial_a sea-lawe_n of_o the_o haunce_n town_n make_v in_o the_o year_n 1614_o have_v already_o in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n declare_v the_o sea-lawe_n general_o observe_v in_o all_o country_n and_o that_o in_o compendious_a manner_n i_o have_v think_v good_a nevertheless_o to_o abridge_v in_o this_o place_n the_o imperial_a sea-lawe_n of_o the_o haunce_n town_n as_o they_o have_v be_v review_v and_o exact_o set_v down_o by_o the_o magistrate_n of_o all_o these_o hans_fw-mi town_n at_o a_o assembly_n in_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o lubeck_n the_o 23_o day_n of_o may_n 1614_o under_o 15_o title_n in_o several_a article_n as_o in_o the_o margin_n be_v declare_v no_o man_n shall_v set_v forth_o or_o cause_v any_o ship_n to_o be_v build_v in_o any_o of_o our_o say_a town_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o citizen_n ship_n of_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n or_o have_v obtain_v leave_n of_o the_o magistrate_n no_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n shall_v undertake_v to_o build_v a_o ship_n in_o their_o partners_n absence_n unless_o he_o do_v it_o at_o his_o own_o charge_n and_o be_v able_a to_o set_v she_o forth_o alone_o upon_o pain_n of_o half_a a_o doller_n for_o every_o last_o to_o be_v pay_v the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o magistrate_n and_o the_o other_o half_n to_o the_o poor_a the_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n be_v to_o confer_v with_o his_o partner_n and_o to_o conclude_v of_o what_o burden_n the_o ship_n shall_v be_v build_v and_o in_o what_o manner_n to_o be_v do_v all_o in_o writing_n and_o if_o it_o be_v find_v big_a to_o pay_v two_o dollar_n for_o every_o last_o etc._n etc._n the_o master_n have_v no_o power_n to_o enlarge_v the_o build_n of_o a_o ship_n after_o she_o be_v at_o sea_n unless_o it_o be_v upon_o great_a necessity_n to_o advance_v the_o voyage_n and_o for_o her_o safeguard_n otherwise_o all_o the_o charge_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v his_o own_o the_o owner_n partner_n or_o the_o master_n of_o ship_n shall_v have_v no_o power_n during_o the_o build_n of_o the_o ship_n to_o give_v away_o any_o of_o the_o material_n or_o victual_n of_o the_o ship_n but_o to_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o account_v unless_o all_o of_o they_o do_v agree_v thereunto_o otherwise_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v pay_v for_o that_o with_o their_o general_a consent_n some_o two_o or_o more_o person_n be_v appoint_v to_o buy_v all_o which_o shall_v be_v requisite_a to_o the_o build_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o provision_n and_o they_o to_o deliver_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o it_o by_o particular_n etc._n etc._n master_n of_o the_o owner_n or_o partner_n of_o ship_n and_o master_n the_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n which_o have_v be_v former_o for_o other_o at_o the_o sea_n shall_v not_o be_v employ_v by_o other_o unless_o he_o produce_v a_o testimonial_a that_o he_o be_v discharge_v from_o the_o owner_n in_o decent_a manner_n upon_o pain_n of_o forty_o dollar_n a_o master_n be_v entertain_v be_v forthwith_o to_o be_v assure_v by_o the_o owner_n of_o his_o wage_n whereby_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o deal_v with_o his_o mariner_n and_o the_o say_a owner_n be_v to_o do_v their_o endeavour_n to_o make_v good_a on_o their_o part_n what_o shall_v be_v necessary_a for_o the_o voyage_n all_o owner_n be_v to_o cause_v good_a account_n to_o be_v keep_v and_o to_o deliver_v upon_o the_o finish_n of_o they_o public_a writing_n and_o testimoniall_n of_o the_o master_n good_a behaviour_n and_o discharge_v of_o his_o undertake_n upon_o pain_n etc._n etc._n if_o the_o owner_n of_o a_o ship_n can_v agree_v with_o the_o master_n as_o be_v fit_v they_o may_v by_o general_a consent_n make_v choice_n of_o another_o and_o pay_v the_o say_a master_n his_o wage_n and_o discharge_v he_o and_o if_o he_o have_v any_o part_n in_o the_o say_a ship_n they_o be_v to_o pay_v he_o for_o the_o same_o according_a to_o just_a appraisement_n office_n of_o the_o master_n office_n every_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n be_v to_o have_v knowledge_n of_o the_o compass_n and_o to_o be_v able_a to_o govern_v and_o direct_v the_o same_o and_o to_o hire_v his_o mariner_n according_o or_o in_o default_n thereof_o to_o be_v punish_v for_o his_o presumption_n and_o undertake_v to_o provide_v mariner_n of_o experience_n and_o that_o the_o ship_n be_v not_o overload_v nor_o too_o light_o lade_v but_o have_v his_o due_a ballast_n and_o to_o have_v his_o cabin_n and_o overlop_n clear_a that_o he_o be_v on_o shipboard_n every_o
night_n and_o upon_o special_a occasion_n be_v absent_a he_o may_v leave_v his_o mate_n and_o other_o that_o may_v supply_v his_o place_n that_o they_o do_v not_o too_o much_o meddle_v with_o merchandise_n or_o trade_n whereby_o they_o shall_v be_v hinder_v in_o the_o due_a care_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o ship_n the_o master_n be_v due_o to_o pay_v the_o mariner_n wage_n without_o any_o abatement_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o money_n lend_v they_o before_o or_o cause_n to_o pay_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o owner_n the_o wage_n due_a unto_o mariner_n for_o place_n near_o at_o hand_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v but_o by_o two_o payment_n but_o for_o remote_a and_o long_a voyage_n in_o three_o payment_n one_o at_o the_o departure_n another_o upon_o the_o unlade_v of_o the_o good_n and_o the_o three_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o voyage_n by_o equal_a portion_n in_o three_o if_o a_o master_n upon_o some_o reasonable_a occasion_n will_v discharge_v his_o pilot_n either_o upon_o the_o unlade_v or_o relade_v he_o be_v to_o pay_v he_o full_a wage_n if_o mariner_n be_v unruly_a and_o give_v occasion_n to_o hinder_v the_o voyage_n any_o way_n by_o their_o misbehaviour_n to_o be_v prove_v by_o two_o other_o mariner_n the_o master_n may_v set_v they_o on_o land_n or_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o their_o demerit_n if_o mariner_n will_v not_o testify_v of_o their_o fellow_n misbehaviour_n the_o master_n upon_o his_o oath_n shall_v be_v believe_v and_o the_o mariner_n to_o be_v punish_v according_o if_o a_o master_n do_v conceal_v the_o offence_n of_o mariner_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v and_o pay_v fifty_o dollar_n half_a to_o the_o magistrate_n and_o half_a to_o the_o poor_a if_o a_o mariner_n shall_v kill_v another_o the_o master_n be_v to_o keep_v he_o in_o iron_n until_o he_o bring_v he_o unto_o the_o first_o judicature_n to_o be_v judge_v etc._n etc._n if_o a_o pirate_n or_o thief_n shall_v come_v aboard_o and_o the_o mariner_n be_v willing_a to_o defend_v the_o same_o and_o yet_o the_o master_n will_v not_o fight_v this_o master_n shall_v never_o be_v put_v in_o trust_v any_o more_o nor_o have_v credit_n as_o a_o honest_a man_n nor_o be_v suffer_v to_o dwell_v in_o any_o of_o the_o haunce_n town_n if_o a_o master_n be_v put_v in_o trust_n to_o bring_v over_o pearl_n precious_a stone_n or_o money_n which_o be_v ware_n of_o no_o volume_n to_o pay_v freight_v but_o a_o consideration_n the_o master_n be_v to_o have_v the_o four_o part_n of_o it_o and_o the_o other_o three_o part_n be_v to_o be_v the_o owner_n if_o a_o master_n be_v part_n owner_n will_v sell_v his_o part_n or_o cause_v his_o owner_n to_o pay_v dear_a for_o it_o the_o say_a part_n be_v to_o be_v value_v by_o indifferent_a person_n and_o the_o owner_n or_o some_o of_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v according_o if_o a_o master_n without_o cause_n will_v sail_v in_o another_o haven_n than_o he_o be_v freight_v and_o loss_n do_v happen_v he_o shall_v answer_v the_o same_o of_o his_o own_o mean_n if_o a_o master_n shall_v sell_v the_o ship_n and_o the_o merchant_n good_n and_o run_v away_o he_o shall_v not_o remain_v in_o any_o of_o the_o haunce_n town_n and_o shall_v be_v pursue_v to_o answer_v for_o the_o same_o to_o the_o uttermost_a by_o all_o mean_n if_o by_o contrary_a wind_n and_o weather_n be_v enter_v into_o another_o harbour_n the_o merchant_n do_v sell_v his_o good_n the_o master_n be_v to_o have_v his_o full_a freight_n or_o to_o go_v the_o voyage_n if_o a_o master_n find_v himself_o in_o place_n where_o neither_o himself_n nor_o his_o pilot_n be_v acquait_v and_o may_v have_v pilot_n but_o will_v not_o use_v they_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v one_o mark_v of_o gold_n for_o his_o punishment_n if_o a_o master_n have_v his_o lade_n in_o corn_n which_o become_v hot_a he_o be_v to_o cool_v the_o same_o in_o convenient_a manner_n if_o wind_n and_o weather_n do_v not_o hinder_v he_o and_o the_o mariner_n be_v to_o have_v two_o shilling_n lup_n for_o every_o last_o for_o do_v of_o it_o mariner_n of_o the_o hire_v of_o mariner_n no_o master_n shall_v henceforth_o take_v any_o mariner_n to_o hire_v without_o they_o have_v a_o passport_n of_o their_o last_o service_n upon_o pain_n of_o two_o dollar_n which_o passport_n every_o master_n be_v to_o give_v and_o shall_v be_v print_v with_o blank_n for_o the_o name_n none_o shall_v hire_v another_o mariner_n by_o enticement_n of_o word_n or_o by_o give_v great_a wage_n but_o take_v they_o of_o course_n upon_o pain_n of_o ten_o dollar_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o the_o mariner_n take_v his_o own_o leave_n the_o master_n may_v claim_v half_o the_o wage_n which_o another_o shall_v give_v he_o the_o mariner_n shall_v keep_v their_o promise_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o master_n and_o be_v of_o good_a behaviour_n and_o quiet_o live_v together_o upon_o pain_n as_o follow_v if_o any_o one_o do_v put_v himself_o forth_o to_o be_v a_o pilot_n boatswain_n or_o any_o other_o officer_n and_o shall_v be_v find_v insufficient_a by_o two_o credible_a honest_a man_n or_o be_v prove_v by_o his_o company_n they_o shall_v not_o only_o lose_v their_o wage_n but_o also_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o the_o fact_n if_o a_o mariner_n be_v entertain_v and_o at_o the_o master_n charge_n and_o before_o the_o voyage_n the_o master_n take_v dislike_n of_o he_o he_o may_v discharge_v he_o give_v one_o third_n of_o his_o wage_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v of_o the_o master_n purse_n and_o not_o for_o the_o owner_n to_o bear_v any_o part_n thereof_o when_o the_o master_n have_v entertain_v the_o mariner_n at_o the_o ship_n expense_n the_o mariner_n be_v to_o make_v their_o lodging_n on_o board_n and_o to_o content_v themselves_o with_o it_o when_o the_o ship_n be_v come_v to_o some_o port_n or_o arrive_v at_o the_o place_n the_o say_a mariner_n be_v not_o without_o the_o master_n leave_n to_o go_v on_o shore_n upon_o pain_n to_o be_v imprison_v and_o further_o to_o be_v punish_v as_o cause_n shall_v require_v the_o mariner_n shall_v have_v no_o guest_n on_o board_n without_o the_o master_n consent_n no_o mariner_n shall_v have_v his_o wife_n on_o board_n in_o the_o night_n upon_o pain_n of_o a_o doller_n if_o he_o do_v offend_v no_o mariner_n be_v to_o discharge_v any_o ordnance_n or_o shoot_v without_o the_o master_n commandment_n upon_o pain_n to_o pay_v double_a for_o the_o powder_n and_o shot_n all_o mariner_n shall_v both_o at_o sea_n and_o in_o the_o harbour_n keep_v true_a watch_n night_n and_o day_n according_a to_o the_o master_n appointment_n upon_o pain_n of_o half_a a_o doller_n to_o be_v abate_v of_o his_o hire_n and_o by_o default_n to_o be_v punish_v etc._n etc._n whosoever_o be_v find_v to_o sleep_v upon_o the_o watch_n shall_v forfeit_v eight_o shilling_n lup_n and_o he_o that_o find_v he_o sleep_v and_o conceal_v it_o shall_v pay_v the_o like_a no_o boatswain_n shall_v loose_v a_o cable_n without_o the_o master_n or_o pilot_n commandment_n when_o a_o ship_n be_v detain_v by_o wind_n and_o weather_n in_o any_o strange_a place_n no_o mariner_n shall_v depart_v or_o go_v on_o shore_n without_o the_o master_n leave_n upon_o pain_n to_o lose_v half_a wage_n the_o half_a of_o it_o to_o the_o master_n and_o half_a to_o the_o poor_a neither_o shall_v the_o mariner_n go_v on_o shore_n when_o the_o ship_n be_v at_o anchor_n without_o the_o master_n leave_n upon_o pain_n of_o half_a a_o doller_n if_o any_o mariner_n go_v on_o land_n without_o leave_n and_o become_v wound_v the_o master_n be_v not_o to_o look_v to_o see_v he_o heal_v if_o a_o boatswain_n be_v absent_a be_v the_o cause_n of_o some_o great_a harm_n or_o loss_n he_o shall_v answer_v for_o it_o and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o mean_n he_o shall_v be_v then_o imprison_v one_o whole_a year_n with_o bread_n and_o water_n and_o if_o by_o his_o default_n the_o ship_n perish_v or_o some_o body_n be_v slay_v he_o shall_v answer_v for_o it_o with_o his_o life_n or_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o his_o offence_n when_o the_o master_n with_o some_o of_o his_o mariner_n go_v on_o land_n the_o mariner_n be_v to_o attend_v in_o the_o boat_n for_o he_o or_o to_o follow_v his_o order_n and_o if_o any_o remain_v all_o night_n on_o shore_n he_o shall_v lose_v his_o portage_n and_o be_v punish_v when_o a_o master_n have_v hire_v his_o company_n for_o a_o certain_a place_n and_o he_o have_v afterward_o advice_n of_o his_o owner_n or_o partner_n that_o more_o profit_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o another_o place_n the_o mariner_n be_v to_o be_v content_a therewith_o and_o to_o take_v content_a for_o their_o wage_n wherein_o if_o they_o can_v well_o agree_v than_o the_o most_o ancient_a be_v to_o conclude_v or_o other_o
indifferent_a person_n and_o if_o any_o mariner_n be_v not_o so_o content_v and_o thereupon_o quarrel_v he_o shall_v be_v punish_v as_o a_o mutinous_a person_n the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o any_o freight_n which_o may_v happen_v where_o the_o master_n be_v agree_v with_o which_o be_v perform_v then_o to_o be_v determine_v in_o like_a manner_n for_o all_o controversy_n as_o aforesaid_a when_o a_o master_n have_v maintain_v at_o his_o expense_n the_o mariner_n in_o the_o winter_n season_n they_o shall_v not_o seek_v to_o have_v their_o wage_n augment_v if_o a_o ship_n be_v detain_v by_o some_o prince_n or_o potentate_n or_o send_v on_o a_o voyage_n the_o mariner_n be_v to_o serve_v nevertheless_o and_o if_o any_o run_v away_o they_o be_v severe_o to_o be_v punish_v and_o have_v serve_v the_o difference_n also_o to_o be_v end_v with_o indifferent_a proceed_n as_o aforesaid_a if_o mariner_n will_v go_v away_o upon_o end_v of_o half_a the_o voyage_n the_o master_n may_v demand_v all_o their_o whole_a wage_n if_o any_o mariner_n officer_n have_v receive_v half_a wage_n run_v away_o he_o be_v to_o be_v pursue_v &_o burn_v in_o the_o face_n with_o some_o letter_n for_o a_o mark_n if_o any_o mariner_n do_v commit_v any_o outrage_n to_o the_o master_n he_o be_v to_o be_v severe_o punish_v according_a to_o the_o offence_n and_o if_o they_o combine_v or_o conspire_v against_o the_o master_n whereby_o he_o may_v be_v drive_v into_o some_o other_o harbour_n or_o receive_v great_a detriment_n to_o the_o ship_n and_o good_n all_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v both_o by_o wage_n life_n and_o good_n according_o if_o the_o ship_n become_v assail_v by_o pirate_n or_o frybuter_n the_o mariner_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o same_o and_o to_o assist_v the_o master_n and_o if_o they_o be_v find_v partaker_n in_o the_o take_n of_o the_o ship_n they_o be_v to_o be_v behead_v for_o it_o if_o a_o ship_n be_v in_o danger_n at_o sea_n by_o tempest_n or_o storm_n the_o mariner_n be_v to_o do_v their_o uttermost_a endeavour_n to_o help_v the_o master_n to_o save_v the_o ship_n and_o good_n and_o if_o cast_v away_o to_o help_v to_o save_v the_o furniture_n thereof_o as_o also_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n and_o of_o they_o to_o have_v some_o recompense_n for_o the_o save_n and_o by_o default_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o all_o mean_n whatsoever_o when_o a_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v prepare_v or_o set_v forth_o it_o must_v be_v do_v with_o a_o free_a and_o good_a will_n and_o that_o all_o thing_n may_v be_v buy_v at_o the_o best_a hand_n wherein_o one_o or_o more_o person_n may_v be_v employ_v with_o the_o master_n take_v care_n to_o bestow_v all_o thing_n in_o some_o convenient_a place_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n that_o the_o flesh_n be_v well_o salt_v and_o preserve_v and_o all_o other_o victual_n provide_v to_o be_v ship_v at_o the_o appoint_a time_n all_o with_o good_a order_n and_o direction_n but_o when_o a_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n do_v victual_v in_o some_o other_o country_n where_o he_o have_v no_o owner_n he_o must_v always_o buy_v all_o thing_n as_o good_a as_o he_o can_v and_o thereof_o keep_v a_o true_a and_o just_a account_n wherein_o if_o he_o be_v find_v to_o have_v deal_v fraudulent_o he_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v for_o a_o thief_n therefore_o to_o prepare_v all_o thing_n whereby_o a_o voyage_n may_v be_v soon_o accomplish_v the_o magistrate_n be_v to_o take_v care_n as_o well_o as_o the_o owner_n to_o further_o the_o same_o so_o that_o the_o merchant_n or_o the_o fraight_a of_o the_o ship_n make_v the_o good_n ready_a to_o be_v lade_v may_v find_v the_o ship_n ready_a at_o the_o appoint_a time_n agree_v upon_o upon_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o whole_a freight_n no_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n shall_v for_o himself_o alone_o or_o his_o owner_n deal_n or_o lade_v any_o merchandise_n and_o good_n in_o the_o ship_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o fraight_a of_o the_o ship_n but_o do_v all_o thing_n orderly_o and_o whereas_o it_o may_v happen_v that_o in_o the_o prepare_n of_o a_o ship_n some_o of_o the_o owner_n may_v not_o agree_v to_o the_o same_o most_o voice_n shall_v over-rule_v the_o same_o as_o the_o manner_n be_v in_o all_o sea-lawe_n and_o then_o money_n may_v be_v take_v upon_o the_o ship_n for_o his_o part_n by_o bottommarie_n call_v faenus_fw-la nauticum_fw-la bottommarie_n of_o bottommarie_n the_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n have_v no_o power_n to_o take_v up_o money_n by_o bottommarie_n in_o place_n where_o his_o owner_n or_o owner_n dwell_v unless_o it_o be_v for_o so_o much_o only_o as_o his_o part_n come_v unto_o in_o the_o say_a ship_n otherwise_o his_o own_o good_n and_o not_o the_o ship_n be_v to_o answer_v the_o same_o but_o when_o a_o master_n be_v out_o of_o his_o country_n and_o where_o he_o have_v no_o owner_n nor_o any_o good_n of_o they_o nor_o of_o his_o own_o and_o can_v find_v mean_n to_o take_v up_o by_o exchange_n or_o otherwise_o and_o that_o for_o want_n of_o money_n the_o voyage_n may_v be_v overthrow_v then_o may_v he_o take_v money_n upon_o bottommarie_n and_o all_o the_o owner_n be_v liable_a thereunto_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v bear_v the_o loss_n admiralty_n of_o admiralty_n when_o ship_n do_v enter_v into_o admiralty_n one_o with_o another_o whosoever_o break_v the_o admiralty_n be_v bind_v to_o answer_v the_o damage_n which_o shall_v happen_v thereby_o if_o he_o have_v it_o not_o in_o money_n he_o shall_v make_v satisfaction_n by_o all_o other_o mean_n if_o a_o ship_n at_o sea_n be_v in_o danger_n so_o as_o good_n must_v be_v throw_v overboard_n aueridge_n of_o good_n cast_v or_o aueridge_n these_o cast_a good_n be_v to_o be_v answer_v by_o ship_n and_o good_n as_o a_o aueridge_n wherein_o the_o owner_n and_o good_n on_o board_n pay_v all_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la if_o a_o master_n cut_v his_o mast_n or_o sail_n by_o stormy_a weather_n the_o merchant_n be_v to_o bear_v part_n of_o the_o loss_n but_o not_o if_o the_o mast_n do_v break_v or_o the_o sail_n be_v blow_v overboard_n the_o rate_v of_o the_o good_n lose_v and_o to_o be_v cast_v into_o a_o aueridge_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v upon_o the_o ship_n as_o the_o same_o may_v be_v value_v to_o be_v worth_a and_o that_o for_o so_o much_o as_o he_o must_v take_v the_o same_o if_o the_o merchant_n will_v suffer_v it_o and_o the_o like_a to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o appraisement_n of_o good_n and_o the_o ship_n freight_n when_o merchant_n good_n be_v take_v at_o the_o sea_n some_o of_o one_o man_n some_o of_o another_o man_n every_o one_o be_v to_o bear_v his_o own_o loss_n unless_o it_o be_v otherwise_o agree_v before_o the_o set_n forth_o of_o the_o ship_n if_o a_o ship_n break_v on_o the_o sea_n or_o be_v cast_v away_o sea_n of_o shipwreck_n and_o good_n find_v at_o the_o sea_n whereby_o it_o can_v make_v his_o voyage_n than_o there_o be_v but_o half_a freight_n due_a for_o the_o good_n save_v when_o a_o ship_n receive_v damage_n upon_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o master_n negligence_n and_o bring_v nevertheless_o the_o merchant_n good_n home_o the_o master_n be_v to_o have_v his_o full_a freight_n but_o for_o the_o good_n which_o he_o bring_v not_o there_o be_v no_o freight_n due_a and_o if_o any_o be_v damnify_v he_o be_v to_o make_v good_a the_o damage_n if_o any_o man_n find_v any_o shipwreck_n good_n upon_o the_o coast_n or_o in_o the_o sea_n drive_v near_o the_o ship_n and_o fish_v up_o the_o same_o he_o be_v to_o answer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o next_o magistrate_n or_o jurisdiction_n thereunto_o adjoin_v be_v it_o town_n or_o country_n and_o the_o finder_n shall_v have_v for_o his_o labour_n and_o pain_n the_o twenty_o part_n but_o if_o it_o be_v steal_v good_n upon_o the_o sea_n than_o he_o be_v to_o have_v ¼_n part_n when_o there_o be_v shipwreck_n apparent_a to_o be_v on_o the_o sea_n the_o master_n be_v to_o see_v the_o person_n to_o be_v land_v first_o then_o to_o save_v the_o good_n tackle_n apparel_n and_o all_o the_o furniture_n and_o of_o that_o which_o be_v save_v consideration_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o honest_a man_n if_o so_o much_o be_v save_v of_o the_o ship_n furniture_n as_o the_o freight_n come_v unto_o then_o be_v full_a wage_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o mariner_n when_o two_o ship_n at_o sea_n can_v shun_v one_o another_o and_o both_o sustain_v damage_n upon_o proof_n make_v by_o oath_n not_o to_o be_v wilful_o do_v sea_n of_o other_o damage_n at_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v end_v if_o a_o ship_n under_o sail_n do_v run_v upon_o another_o ship_n at_o anchor_n and_o sink_v the_o same_o or_o commit_v other_o damage_n the_o party_n offend_v shall_v
public_a servant_n a_o wager_n upon_o a_o son_n or_o a_o daughter_n to_o be_v bear_v be_v good_a in_o law_n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o hermaphrodite_n of_o both_o sex_n than_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_a as_o the_o natural_a inclination_n shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v more_o masculine_a or_o feminine_a wager_n ambiguity_n or_o equivocation_n in_o wager_n and_o in_o all_o wager_n wherein_o ambiguity_n or_o equivocation_n do_v happen_v there_o must_v be_v a_o natural_a moderation_n in_o the_o construction_n of_o they_o for_o a_o evil_a custom_n lose_v her_o name_n and_o become_v usurpation_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v if_o any_o man_n by_o the_o inducement_n or_o fraud_n of_o a_o three_o person_n lie_v a_o wager_n that_o such_o a_o woman_n shall_v be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n when_o she_o be_v already_o deliver_v the_o wager_n be_v not_o to_o be_v allow_v and_o if_o the_o midwife_n be_v partaker_n herein_o they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v and_o incur_fw-la crimen_fw-la stellionatus_fw-la if_o one_o lay_v a_o wager_n to_o run_v with_o another_o and_o afterward_o do_v refuse_v to_o run_v he_o may_v be_v compel_v thereunto_o or_o the_o stake_n be_v lose_v for_o he_o commit_v no_o deceit_n which_o prevent_v a_o fraud_n the_o captation_n or_o advantage_n take_v upon_o word_n ought_v therefore_o to_o be_v exclude_v and_o wager_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o plain_a term_n and_o to_o be_v construe_v according_o fallere_fw-la fallentem_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la fraus_fw-la wager_n between_o merchant_n be_v many_o time_n more_o do_v for_o sport_n and_o recreation_n than_o for_o gain_v for_o over_o great_a wager_n be_v against_o good_a manner_n and_o may_v concern_v a_o merchant_n much_o in_o reputation_n and_o credit_n more_o than_o the_o play_n for_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o many_o time_n merchant_n do_v use_v with_o the_o observation_n of_o a_o convenient_a time_n and_o as_o the_o proverb_n be_v with_o good_a fortune_n otherwise_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v dangerous_a for_o as_o nature_n produce_v all_o thing_n in_o due_a time_n so_o be_v moderation_n require_v in_o all_o action_n chap._n xxxviii_o of_o merchant_n mark_v set_v upon_o commodity_n the_o mark_v of_o merchant_n commodity_n either_o pack_v up_o in_o bundle_n truss_n case_n coffer_n or_o pack_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n for_o not_o only_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n but_o also_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o property_n of_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n be_v adjudge_v to_o he_o by_o who_o mark_n they_o be_v mark_v or_o seal_v it_o be_v dangerous_a therefore_o to_o use_v another_o man_n mark_n as_o many_o time_n merchant_n do_v in_o time_n of_o war_n when_o they_o lend_v their_o name_n and_o mark_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o good_n between_o two_o or_o more_o contend_v prince_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n every_o merchant_n be_v to_o set_v down_o his_o mark_n upon_o his_o book_n of_o account_n wherewith_o his_o commodity_n be_v mark_v account_n merchant_n mark_n to_o be_v set_v upon_o their_o book_n of_o account_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n if_o a_o company_n or_o society_n of_o merchant_n do_v agree_v upon_o a_o mark_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o book_n of_o that_o society_n and_o if_o that_o company_n do_v dissolve_v the_o say_a mark_n may_v remain_v with_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o that_o partnership_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n whereof_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o law_n of_o admiralty_n take_v notice_n in_o their_o judicature_n and_o especial_o the_o merchant_n court_n of_o consulate_a and_o if_o the_o mark_n of_o one_o of_o the_o partenership_n be_v use_v for_o all_o the_o same_o upon_o dissolution_n of_o that_o partenership_n be_v to_o return_v to_o the_o say_a party_n and_o no_o man_n be_v to_o use_v another_o merchant_n mark_n without_o especial_a leave_n have_v and_o obtain_v of_o the_o party_n who_o mark_n it_o be_v for_o even_o as_o merchant_n do_v sail_v between_o the_o two_o dangerous_a rock_n of_o scylla_n and_o charybdis_n in_o their_o course_n of_o traffic_n when_o prince_n be_v at_o variance_n so_o be_v the_o danger_n to_o use_v another_o merchant_n mark_n without_o leave_n because_o the_o party_n owner_n of_o the_o say_a mark_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o say_v good_n if_o they_o be_v take_v or_o to_o countenance_v the_o pursuer_n of_o the_o suit_n in_o law_n for_o they_o etc._n danger_n to_o use_v another_o man_n mark_n etc._n etc._n as_o far_o as_o they_o in_o reason_n may_v require_v otherwise_o the_o say_a good_n may_v be_v lose_v as_o soon_o as_o take_v for_o as_o ship_n be_v know_v by_o their_o flag_n and_o so_o take_v to_o be_v at_o the_o sea_n so_o be_v merchant_n good_n mark_v with_o another_o man_n mark_n to_o be_v that_o man_n good_n although_o it_o be_v not_o and_o will_v be_v so_o adjudge_v in_o the_o court_n of_o any_o admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n experience_n have_v prove_v the_o same_o by_o two_o notable_a example_n worthy_a the_o observation_n in_o the_o year_n 1586_o or_o thereabouts_o robert_n lord_n dudley_n earl_n of_o leicester_n be_v a_o adventurer_n for_o barbary_n where_o he_o send_v some_o commodity_n by_o way_n of_o commerce_n unto_o a_o certain_a factor_n that_o do_v deal_v for_o diverse_a other_o merchant_n there_o to_o be_v sell_v for_o his_o account_n and_o to_o make_v return_n unto_o he_o of_o the_o provenue_n thereof_o in_o sugar_n and_o other_o commodity_n the_o factor_n have_v sell_v some_o of_o the_o say_a good_n consider_v the_o number_n of_o man_n of_o war_n which_o be_v then_o at_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n think_v good_a that_o all_o the_o chest_n of_o sugar_n and_o other_o commodity_n which_o he_o send_v home_o to_o all_o his_o master_n in_o a_o certain_a ship_n staff_n the_o bear_n and_o ragged_a staff_n shall_v be_v mark_v with_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n mark_n albeit_o the_o least_o part_n do_v appertain_v unto_o he_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o good_n be_v yet_o unsold_a in_o barbary_n the_o ship_n arrive_v within_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n no_o soon_o be_v the_o letter_n deliver_v but_o the_o earl_n lay_v claim_v to_o all_o the_o say_v good_n pretend_v the_o same_o to_o be_v his_o because_o of_o his_o mark_n hereupon_o the_o civilians_n be_v of_o his_o side_n for_o the_o point_n of_o law_n and_o the_o merchant_n be_v compel_v to_o make_v their_o best_a composition_n with_o he_o as_o they_o can_v agree_v and_o the_o earl_n lose_v nothing_o thereby_o howsoever_o they_o speed_v in_o the_o year_n 1597_o one_o john_n the_o bassadonna_n the_o son_n of_o one_o of_o the_o magnifico_n of_o venice_n then_o resident_a in_o london_n have_v a_o certain_a ship_n which_o be_v freight_v for_o lixborne_n and_o so_o to_o go_v for_o venice_n according_a as_o the_o master_n thereof_o be_v bind_v by_o a_o charterpartie_n of_o fraightment_n and_o in_o both_o place_n to_o take_v in_o all_o such_o commodity_n and_o merchandise_n as_o the_o merchant_n shall_v lade_v or_o cause_v the_o say_a ship_n to_o be_v lade_v withal_o and_o to_o be_v discharge_v at_o venice_n with_o the_o usual_a condition_n of_o sea-lawe_n flag_n the_o venetian_a flag_n this_o ship_n bear_v the_o venetian_a flag_n of_o the_o lion_n of_o s._n mark_v be_v well_o receive_v and_o welcome_a at_o lixborn_n and_o every_o man_n be_v willing_a to_o lade_v therein_o his_o good_n for_o venice_n nevertheless_o some_o portugall_n consider_v the_o dangerous_a time_n of_o war_n do_v borrow_v the_o name_n of_o italian_n and_o their_o mark_n also_o and_o cause_v their_o good_n to_o be_v lade_v as_o appertain_v to_o the_o say_a italian_n and_o make_v the_o bill_n of_o lade_n and_o their_o letter_n according_o other_o portugal_n be_v not_o so_o provident_a but_o do_v lade_v their_o good_n in_o their_o own_o name_n whereupon_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v sure_a of_o the_o one_o and_o suspicious_a of_o the_o other_o resolve_v to_o come_v with_o all_o the_o say_v good_n first_o for_o england_n to_o take_v advice_n whether_o this_o be_v a_o lawful_a prize_n or_o not_o and_o be_v arrive_v at_o plymouth_n send_v up_o to_o know_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n their_o pleasure_n so_o the_o matter_n come_v in_o question_n with_o the_o say_a bassadonna_n and_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o diverse_a civilians_n where_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o flag_n be_v much_o respect_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o seignory_n of_o venice_n as_o matter_n of_o state_n and_o the_o principal_a good_n lade_v and_o mark_v in_o the_o name_n of_o italian_n be_v adjudge_v clear_a by_o the_o law_n but_o the_o other_o good_n lade_v and_o mark_v with_o their_o own_o mark_n be_v take_v for_o good_a prize_n so_o
with_o six_o week_n respite_n upon_o the_o condition_n after_o twenty_o pound_n be_v equal_a nineteen_o and_o twenty_o one_o and_o without_o respite_n of_o time_n present_o to_o say_v to_o be_v deliver_v at_o three_o month_n the_o fifty_o last_v at_o twenty_o pound_n amount_v to_o 1000_o will_v you_o advance_v the_o interest_n warehouse-hire_n charge_n lackage_n beside_o the_o commodity_n that_o you_o have_v buy_v with_o the_o money_n a_o bargain_n of_o fifty_o last_o when_o it_o will_v pay_v but_o 2_o ½_n last_o upon_o condition_n to_o take_v or_o leave_v one_o hundred_o pound_n deliver_v out_o to_o pay_v the_o first_o year_n one_o pound_n the_o second_o year_n two_o pound_n increase_v every_o year_n one_o pound_n amount_v in_o fifteen_o year_n to_o 128_o pound_n in_o twenty_o year_n 210_o will_v to_o the_o 20_o add_v one_o multiply_v with_o ½_n of_o 1_o to_o 20_o be_v 10_o and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o augment_v be_v it_o of_o 1_o 2_o 6_o 8_o etc._n etc._n the_o condition_n be_v diverse_a the_o certainty_n of_o the_o money_n which_o you_o do_v adventure_n to_o loss_n be_v well_o consider_v of_o may_v turn_v you_o to_o gain_v especial_o in_o place_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n or_o river_n to_o serve_v the_o inland_n people_n as_o calais_n dunkirk_n for_o flanders_n henault_n arthois_n and_o other_o province_n the_o like_a may_v be_v practise_v in_o many_o coast_n town_n of_o england_n but_o stranger_n be_v more_o addict_v to_o make_v casual_a bargain_n for_o buy_v of_o commodity_n for_o sell_v of_o commodity_n upon_o casualty_n therein_o be_v we_o more_o frequent_a especial_o of_o thing_n not_o vendible_a at_o all_o time_n to_o sell_v they_o payable_a upon_o the_o return_n of_o such_o a_o voyage_n from_o venice_n turkey_n or_o other_o place_n or_o upon_o the_o decease_n of_o such_o a_o man_n or_o woman_n or_o at_o a_o marriage_n day_n or_o the_o first_o second_o or_o three_o child_n either_o male_a or_o female_a in_o all_o which_o selling_n money_n and_o ware_n may_v be_v join_v together_o but_o in_o deliver_v money_n with_o ware_n at_o interest_n the_o contract_n be_v usurious_a by_o the_o law_n *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n xli_o of_o divide_v of_o commodity_n by_o lot_n all_o extreme_n be_v vicious_a have_v give_v i_o cause_n to_o write_v this_o exorbitant_a chapter_n concern_v the_o division_n by_o lot_n because_o there_o be_v man_n in_o this_o age_n so_o precise_a by_o some_o call_v puritan_n that_o they_o can_v be_v well_o content_v to_o buy_v a_o commodity_n in_o company_n with_o their_o neighbour_n when_o their_o own_o mean_n and_o credit_n can_v compass_v the_o same_o but_o afterward_o to_o divide_v those_o good_n by_o the_o lot_n between_o they_o they_o be_v very_o scrupulous_a and_o hold_v it_o a_o profane_a action_n and_o they_o be_v as_o they_o say_v bind_v unto_o it_o of_o necessity_n or_o else_o to_o take_v that_o which_o their_o partner_n do_v give_v unto_o they_o and_o so_o let_v they_o cast_v the_o lot_n among_o they_o and_o 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that_o our_o iron_n be_v best_a for_o the_o cast_n of_o ordnance_n and_o that_o the_o sweaden_a cast_a iron_n piece_n be_v brittle_a and_o common_o one_o in_o seven_o will_v not_o abide_v the_o trial_n and_o of_o late_a the_o break_a piece_n of_o we_o be_v make_v serviceable_a for_o iron_n in_o bar_n to_o be_v cast_v again_o mine_n quicksilver_n mine_n mercury_n or_o quicksilver_n natural_a be_v not_o yet_o find_v in_o england_n but_o only_o in_o germany_n in_o very_o cold_a place_n and_o within_o these_o thirty_o year_n there_o be_v two_o mine_n of_o quicksilver_n discover_v in_o the_o west-indies_n which_o be_v a_o help_n to_o the_o quantity_n which_o they_o yearly_a buy_v to_o refine_v their_o silver_n mine_n brimstone_n sulphur_n mine_n or_o brimstone_n sulphur_n or_o brimstone_n be_v find_v in_o diverse_a country_n can_v be_v better_a than_o we_o have_v in_o some_o mountain_n in_o wales_n from_o whence_o i_o have_v have_v diverse_a sort_n of_o sulphur_n earth_n or_o i_o very_o 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where_o they_o have_v both_o red_a and_o white_a allome_n at_o reasonable_a rate_n so_o they_o have_v in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o strait_n at_o constantinople_n carthagena_n and_o other_o place_n sweaden_a and_o poland_n be_v not_o without_o it_o in_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n great_a quantity_n can_v be_v make_v have_v not_o england_n undertake_v so_o much_o whereof_o i_o have_v set_v down_o the_o original_n progress_n and_o continuance_n concern_v those_o work_n at_o large_a the_o substance_n whereof_o follow_v in_o brief_a queen_n elizabeth_n of_o bless_a memory_n do_v in_o the_o sixth_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n grant_v by_o letter_n patent_n unto_o one_o cornelius_n de_fw-fr vos_fw-fr the_o sole_a make_n of_o copperas_n and_o allome_n within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n which_o be_v assign_v by_o he_o to_o james_n lord_n mountioy_n and_o be_v renew_v for_o twenty_o one_o year_n be_v confirm_v unto_o he_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o one_o master_n lane_n his_o workemaster_n make_v great_a quantity_n of_o copperas_n in_o dorsetshire_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o purbeke_n and_o some_o allome_n and_o copperas_n be_v then_o sell_v at_o 30_o will_v the_o tun_n now_o under_o three_o pound_n afterward_o about_o the_o year_n 1604_o one_o master_n atherton_n begin_v to_o practice_v the_o make_n of_o allome_n in_o yorkshire_n about_o gisborough_n with_o who_o one_o master_n bourchier_n now_o sir_n john_n bourchier_n knight_n do_v join_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o some_o perfection_n in_o hope_n whereof_o and_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o say_a sir_n john_n the_o king_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n grant_v certain_a conditional_a letter_n patent_n to_o the_o lord_n sheffield_n precedent_n of_o the_o north_n sir_n thomas_n challoner_n sir_n david_n fowl_n knight_n and_o the_o say_a master_n bourchier_n for_o twenty_o one_o year_n for_o the_o sole_a make_n of_o allome_n in_o yorkshire_n only_o where_o in_o building_n of_o seven_o house_n and_o the_o utensill_n for_o work_v and_o charge_n moores_n above_o blackâ—_n moores_n with_o other_o extraordinary_n they_o be_v out_o of_o purse_n in_o two_o year_n some_o 33_o thousand_o pound_n and_o can_v proceed_v no_o further_o without_o bring_v in_o new_a man_n for_o some_o of_o the_o other_o give_v over_o in_o time_n and_o will_v proceed_v no_o further_o although_o the_o german_n be_v now_o come_v which_o they_o have_v send_v for_o wight_n there_o be_v rich_a allome_n mine_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n hereupon_o other_o letter_n patent_n be_v obtain_v for_o thirty_o one_o year_n for_o all_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n without_o condition_n and_o then_o they_o be_v out_o above_o 40_o thousand_o pound_n and_o no_o allome_n make_v to_o benefit_n although_o the_o price_n be_v raise_v at_o a_o certainty_n and_o all_o foreign_a allome_n prohibit_v to_o come_v in_o and_o his_o majesty_n have_v be_v please_v to_o enter_v into_o the_o say_a work_n and_o lay_v out_o so_o many_o thousand_o pound_n as_o be_v not_o fit_v to_o be_v express_v thus_o by_o overcharge_v the_o â—_z in_o the_o beginning_n be_v good_a business_n overthrow_v many_o be_v the_o particular_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o write_v concern_v these_o work_n but_o leave_v this_o i_o wish_v good_a success_n therein_o for_o there_o be_v allome_n earth_n enough_o to_o continue_v for_o ever_o and_o in_o place_n westward_n as_o good_a and_o better_a than_o any_o in_o yorkshire_n now_o from_o the_o mine_n of_o gold_n be_v fall_v to_o allome_n and_o copperas_n let_v we_o end_v with_o the_o coal_n pit_n or_o coal_n mine_n mine_n coale_n mine_n whereof_o they_o make_v more_o account_n in_o the_o north_n than_o of_o lead_n mine_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v abundant_a more_o than_o in_o any_o country_n of_o the_o world_n in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o germany_n about_o acon_n and_o collogne_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o sea-coal_n but_o it_o do_v not_o cake_n as_o our_o coal_n they_o 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unto_o they_o they_o do_v hinder_v other_o man_n and_o themselves_o proceed_v not_o do_v very_o advise_o make_v all_o his_o letter_n patent_n as_o we_o call_v they_o conditional_a with_o a_o proviso_n mine_n a_o good_a proviso_n in_o lettet_n patent_n for_o mine_n that_o if_o the_o patentee_n do_v not_o proceed_v in_o the_o work_n or_o discontinue_v the_o work_n for_o two_o year_n the_o patent_n be_v void_a of_o course_n and_o upon_o certificate_n make_v of_o it_o the_o king_n make_v new_a grant_n unto_o other_o if_o our_o king_n be_v please_v to_o do_v so_o many_o grant_n or_o lease_n make_v by_o the_o company_n of_o the_o mine_n royal_a will_v be_v make_v void_a and_o other_o man_n will_v be_v encourage_v to_o try_v their_o fortune_n upon_o they_o the_o next_o consideration_n concern_v mine_n mettaline_a and_o mineral_n be_v that_o the_o work_n in_o the_o beginning_n be_v not_o choke_v or_o suffocate_v with_o extreme_a charge_n and_o expense_n which_o do_v discourage_v the_o undertaker_n and_o all_o other_o whereby_o the_o work_n be_v give_v over_o or_o mean_n be_v devise_v to_o charge_n prince_n coffer_n with_o they_o for_o it_o be_v true_a that_o thing_n do_v prosper_v best_a when_o they_o be_v underprop_a by_o authority_n itself_o which_o to_o do_v in_o the_o beginning_n be_v more_o profitable_a than_o when_o the_o charge_n and_o expense_n have_v overburthen_v they_o for_o prevention_n whereof_o i_o make_v a_o contract_n for_o the_o lead_v mine_n in_o the_o north_n part_n which_o be_v imitate_v shall_v cut_v off_o all_o such_o charge_n as_o common_o the_o party_n do_v run_v into_o in_o the_o work_n of_o mine_n upon_o the_o conceit_a benefit_n which_o draw_v more_o violent_o than_o the_o adamant_n stone_n for_o as_o the_o portugal_n antonio_n diaz_n tell_v the_o king_n todo_fw-es los_fw-es mineros_fw-es son_fw-it ricos_fw-la porque_fw-es quando_fw-la no_o
mint_n beyâ—nd_n â—he_v sea_n call_v the_o general_n of_o mint_n which_o do_v determine_v such_o and_o the_o like_a question_n and_o controversy_n arise_v between_o the_o warden_n and_o the_o mint-master_n which_o be_v man_n of_o great_a knowledge_n and_o experience_n in_o mint_n affair_n and_o have_v from_o the_o prince_n large_a stipend_n give_v they_o for_o to_o attend_v these_o mâ—nt_a business_n when_o the_o trial_n of_o pix_n or_o of_o the_o box_n be_v make_v and_o the_o mint-master_n make_v their_o account_n with_o the_o prince_n hereupon_o the_o say_a assay-master_n according_a to_o his_o courteous_a behaviour_n be_v very_o well_o please_v to_o hear_v i_o as_o he_o say_v in_o favour_n of_o justice_n and_o truth_n and_o so_o i_o begin_v to_o answer_v gradatim_fw-la and_o articular_o as_o follow_v admit_v drink_v up_o of_o the_o copple_v admit_v first_o concern_v the_o drink_n up_o of_o the_o copple_n albeit_o that_o it_o appear_v unto_o i_o by_o certain_a testimoniall_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n by_o general_n warden_n mint-master_n and_o assaymaster_n that_o if_o a_o copple_n or_o test_v be_v well_o make_v it_o drink_v not_o up_o any_o silver_n at_o all_o yet_o i_o will_v admit_v that_o it_o do_v so_o because_o you_o be_v so_o confident_a that_o you_o can_v take_v it_o out_o of_o the_o copple_n or_o the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o and_o so_o i_o will_v proceed_v in_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v put_v in_o second_o i_o do_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n put_v into_o the_o melt_a pot_n as_o you_o say_v for_o it_o be_v commix_v at_o twenty_o penny_n weight_n which_o be_v a_o fâ—ll_a ounce_n where_o the_o standard_n require_v but_o eighteen_o penny_n weight_n but_o this_o be_v do_v to_o countervail_v the_o waist_n of_o copper_n which_o come_v by_o melt_v of_o bullion_n remelting_a of_o the_o brocage_n and_o scizell_n and_o by_o work_v hammer_v often_o neal_v and_o blaunch_v of_o the_o money_n whereby_o the_o money_n grow_v better_a in_o fineness_n than_o they_o be_v at_o the_o first_o melt_v because_o so_o much_o and_o more_o copper_n do_v waste_v in_o be_v of_o copper_n counteruade_v the_o copper_n put_v in_o and_o can_v it_o waste_v less_o than_o ten_o ounce_n in_o one_o hundred_o weight_n no_o sure_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o red_a book_n in_o the_o exchequer_n for_o mint_n affair_n admit_v this_o two_o penny_n weight_n for_o waste_n which_o be_v but_o ten_o ounce_n in_o the_o hundred_o and_o to_o say_v that_o this_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o mintmaster_n put_v in_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n proportion_n unequal_a proportion_n it_o carry_v not_o any_o proportion_n to_o put_v one_o for_o one_o when_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o standard_n be_v eleven_o to_o one_o but_o you_o reply_v unto_o i_o that_o the_o mintmaster_n be_v to_o bear_v all_o waste_n and_o therefore_o must_v answer_v the_o same_o and_o be_v charge_v in_o account_n for_o it_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o account_n of_o all_o mint_n be_v make_v only_o upon_o the_o fineness_n of_o money_n by_o their_o weight_n and_o that_o it_o be_v never_o otherwise_o use_v in_o england_n until_o this_o day_n only_o all_o account_n be_v take_v upon_o the_o fine_a matter_n only_o and_o if_o the_o warden_n will_v bring_v a_o new_a manner_n of_o account_n than_o ever_o have_v be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o leidger_n book_n of_o the_o mint_n and_o the_o comptroller_n book_n then_o the_o mintmaster_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v with_o every_o thing_n in_o his_o proper_a nature_n silver_n for_o silver_n and_o copper_n for_o copper_n otherwise_o it_o be_v better_o for_o he_o not_o to_o put_v in_o any_o copper_n than_o to_o be_v make_v to_o answer_v silver_n for_o it_o but_o the_o mintmaster_n must_v hold_v as_o well_o his_o allay_n as_o his_o fine_a silver_n keep_v allay_v to_o be_v keep_v according_a to_o the_o statute_n 2._o h._n 6._o ca._n 2._o and_o in_o do_v otherwise_o by_o not_o put_v in_o of_o this_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n the_o money_n will_v be_v too_o fine_a and_o the_o master_n may_v incur_v fine_a and_o ransom_n therefore_o all_o mint-master_n do_v work_v according_a to_o their_o remedy_n and_o they_o do_v bear_v all_o waste_v incident_a and_o casual_a as_o if_o some_o ingot_n be_v falsify_v with_o copper_n within_o as_o have_v be_v find_v at_o the_o mint_n the_o mintmaster_n must_v bear_v the_o adventure_n of_o it_o master_n hazard_v of_o mint_n master_n for_o prince_n will_v be_v at_o a_o certainty_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o mint-master_n may_v commix_v at_o their_o pleasure_n thus_o far_o as_o the_o sixteenth_o article_n of_o the_o indenture_n declare_v that_o every_o pound_n weight_n troy_n shall_v be_v in_o such_o sort_n commix_v and_o melt_v down_o that_o at_o the_o cast_v out_o of_o the_o same_o into_o ingot_n xluj_o the_o indenture_n of_o eliz_n reg._n xluj_o it_o shall_v be_v and_o hold_v eleven_o ounce_n two_o penny_n weight_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o eighteen_o penny_n weight_n of_o allay_n every_o pound_n contain_v twelve_o ounce_n every_o ounce_n twenty_o penny_n weight_n and_o every_o penny_n weight_n twenty_o four_o grain_n according_a to_o the_o computation_n of_o the_o pound_n weight_n troy_n of_o england_n which_o eleven_o ounce_n two_o penny_n weight_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o eighteen_o penny_n weight_n of_o allay_n in_o the_o pound_n weight_n of_o troy_n aforesaid_a standard_n the_o old_a right_n â—â—erling_a standard_n be_v the_o old_a right_a standard_n of_o the_o money_n of_o silver_n of_o england_n and_o that_o the_o commixture_n of_o the_o mintmaster_n have_v be_v do_v according_o so_o that_o it_o be_v find_v so_o at_o the_o cast_v out_o you_o best_o know_v what_o make_v the_o assay_n thereof_o from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o for_o your_o melt_a book_n where_o the_o allay_n be_v enter_v if_o you_o will_v charge_v the_o mintmaster_n thereby_o let_v it_o be_v do_v distinct_o for_o silver_n and_o copper_n or_o allay_v in_o his_o proper_a nature_n as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o then_o the_o controversy_n be_v end_v now_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o base_a money_n make_v for_o ireland_n i_o be_o sure_a there_o be_v not_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n put_v in_o as_o in_o the_o sterling_a standard_n money_n silver_n take_v out_o by_o division_n oâ—_n the_o standard_n of_o base_a money_n but_o there_o be_v two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n by_o computation_n take_v out_o in_o every_o quarter_n of_o a_o pound_n of_o silver_n which_o as_o you_o say_v be_v eight_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n in_o the_o pound_n weight_n why_o shall_v the_o mint-master_n account_v be_v charge_v with_o this_o where_o silver_n by_o the_o division_n of_o the_o proportion_n be_v take_v out_o and_o two_o ounce_n eighteen_o penny_n weight_n be_v take_v for_o three_o ounce_n from_o the_o fire_n as_o the_o indenture_n declare_v shall_v a_o mintmaster_n commix_v and_o melt_v by_o prescription_n or_o suffer_v other_o man_n to_o melt_v it_o for_o he_o and_o yet_o be_v make_v to_o answer_v for_o the_o fineness_n of_o money_n according_a to_o a_o indent_a trial_n piece_n make_v of_o refine_a fine_a silver_n as_o you_o say_v and_o receive_v neither_o silver_n answerable_a in_o fineness_n nor_o the_o quantity_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v allow_v he_o according_a to_o the_o standard_n i_o be_o sure_a that_o in_o the_o make_n of_o these_o money_n copper_n câ—eaâ—_n waist_n of_o copper_n there_o have_v be_v above_o forty_o ounce_n of_o copper_n waste_v in_o one_o hundred_o weight_n of_o the_o money_n make_v thereof_o whereby_o the_o bullion_n be_v grow_v fine_a that_o be_v to_o say_v these_o forty_o ounce_n of_o copper_n be_v waste_v have_v leave_v the_o silver_n behind_o wherewith_o they_o be_v commix_v at_o the_o first_o and_o so_o be_v the_o say_v whole_a mass_n or_o bullion_n so_o much_o fine_a and_o rich_a in_o the_o proportion_n which_o arithmetical_a distribution_n do_v demonstrate_v unto_o i_o arithmetical_a demonstration_n arithmetical_a and_o in_o this_o ingot_a of_o course_n silver_n may_v prove_v it_o unto_o you_o let_v we_o suppose_v it_o weigh_v 16_o will_v and_o contain_v 4_o will_v of_o silver_n and_o 12_o will_v of_o copper_n and_o so_o may_v we_o say_v it_o be_v the_o four_o part_n silver_n if_o this_o ingot_a now_o shall_v be_v make_v to_o decrease_v or_o diminish_v 4_o will_v of_o copper_n and_o so_o it_o shall_v weigh_v but_o 12_o will_v and_o therein_o still_o contain_v all_o the_o four_o pound_n in_o silver_n may_v not_o we_o just_o call_v this_o to_o be_v rich_a and_o say_v it_o be_v one_o three_o part_n of_o silver_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o more_o silver_n than_o before_o
and_o this_o we_o call_v grow_v in_o finesse_n by_o the_o decrease_n of_o the_o mass_n or_o proportion_n and_o so_o two_o ounce_n eighteen_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n commix_v with_o nine_o ounce_n two_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n make_v into_o money_n finesse_n how_o silver_n do_v increase_v in_o finesse_n become_v to_o be_v three_o ounce_n fine_a by_o the_o melt_a of_o the_o bullion_n remelting_a of_o brocage_n and_o scizell_n and_o by_o the_o work_n hammer_v often_o neal_v and_o blaunch_v which_o always_o in_o base_a money_n be_v very_o great_a as_o experience_n have_v prove_v call_v you_o this_o poket_n up_o of_o almost_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n well_o i_o be_o content_a to_o join_v my_o issue_n hereupon_o and_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o mintmaster_n have_v not_o pocket_v up_o any_o benefit_n or_o gain_v at_o all_o by_o this_o finesse_n of_o silver_n hide_v and_o unreport_v in_o the_o bullion_n pound_n above_o nine_o thousand_o pound_n but_o that_o he_o have_v be_v a_o loose_a of_o so_o much_o as_o have_v be_v take_v from_o he_o by_o make_v he_o to_o answer_v silver_n for_o copper_n the_o commixture_n of_o these_o two_o standard_n be_v contrary_n and_o contrary_n to_o work_v all_o one_o effect_n be_v strange_a unto_o i_o with_o that_o he_o desire_v i_o to_o go_v with_o he_o to_o the_o assay-house_n to_o see_v the_o assay_n make_v of_o our_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o there_o to_o end_v our_o discourse_n whereof_o he_o seem_v unto_o i_o to_o be_v very_o desirous_a chap._n vii_o of_o the_o assay_n of_o bullion_n and_o money_n come_v to_o the_o assay-house_n there_o we_o find_v diverse_a gentleman_n desirous_a to_o see_v the_o manner_n of_o make_v of_o assay_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o also_o diverse_a goldsmith_n which_v bring_v some_o ingot_n of_o gold_n but_o no_o silver_n at_o all_o and_o here_o we_o be_v all_o courteous_o welcome_o and_o our_o discourse_n be_v interrupt_v and_o the_o assay-master_n desire_v i_o to_o have_v patience_n until_o his_o business_n be_v end_v with_o the_o goldsmith_n and_o so_o he_o will_v make_v the_o assay_n of_o our_o silver_n first_o and_o then_o come_v to_o the_o make_n of_o our_o gold_n assay_v which_o he_o will_v first_o test_v before_o he_o shall_v put_v some_o proportion_n of_o it_o to_o the_o trial_n of_o strong-water_n the_o little_a furnace_n be_v fire_v and_o the_o assay-master_n take_v four_o copple_v or_o teast_n which_o be_v make_v of_o bone-ash_n &_o he_o do_v put_v they_o in_o the_o furnace_n quater_fw-la corner_n wise_n with_o the_o bottom_n upward_o and_o so_o let_v they_o remain_v almost_o a_o hour_n until_o he_o have_v make_v a_o end_n with_o the_o goldsmith_n assay_n to_o the_o end_n they_o shall_v be_v thorough_o dry_a to_o avoid_v the_o spring_a of_o the_o silver_n silver_n how_o to_o make_v the_o assay_n of_o silver_n and_o then_o he_o do_v turn_v they_o upward_o and_o so_o cut_v off_o some_o silver_n of_o our_o ingot_n on_o both_o side_n he_o do_v beat_v the_o same_o very_a thin_a with_o a_o hammer_n and_o weigh_v just_o the_o quantity_n of_o fifteen_o grain_n he_o divide_v the_o same_o by_o even_a portion_n of_o weight_n into_o half_n and_o thereunto_o he_o take_v five_o time_n so_o much_o in_o thin_a purge_v lead_n and_o wind_a or_o involue_v the_o silver_n therein_o he_o do_v put_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o several_a copple_v two_o to_o two_o and_o upon_o the_o other_o two_o he_o do_v first_o put_v the_o lead_n and_o the_o silver_n afterward_o when_o the_o lead_n be_v melt_v make_v no_o great_a difference_n in_o this_o then_o with_o coal_n he_o do_v stop_v the_o furnace_n indifferent_o neither_o too_o hot_a nor_o too_o cold_a until_o it_o begin_v to_o drive_v and_o then_o he_o make_v it_o hot_a and_o find_v it_o to_o appear_v bright_a he_o bring_v the_o copple_v one_o after_o another_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o furnace_n there_o he_o let_v they_o smoke_v a_o little_a hold_v they_o out_o and_o in_o before_o he_o take_v they_o out_o then_o take_v off_o this_o silver_n he_o weigh_v they_o one_o against_o another_o and_o find_v they_o alike_o whereby_o he_o know_v he_o assay_v be_v well_o make_v and_o then_o he_o weigh_v they_o both_o together_o and_o what_o they_o weigh_v less_o than_o before_o be_v copper_n waste_v and_o he_o report_v our_o silver_n to_o be_v eleven_o ounce_n and_o four_o penny_n weight_n fine_a by_o the_o true_a proportion_n of_o the_o pound_n weight_n which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v according_o in_o the_o whole_a ingot_a weigh_v some_o forty_o pound_n weight_n so_o that_o every_o pound_n of_o it_o do_v contain_v eleven_o ounce_n four_o penny_n weight_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o sixteen_o penny_n weight_n of_o copper_n make_v together_o twelve_o ounce_n for_o the_o pound_n troy_n weight_n and_o so_o be_v finesse_n know_v by_o weight_n and_o be_v proper_o fine_a silver_n as_o aforesaid_a hereupon_o i_o do_v ask_v he_o whether_o the_o copple_n have_v drink_v up_o some_o little_a quantity_n of_o silver_n which_o may_v amount_v to_o two_o penny_n weight_n in_o the_o pound_n weight_n of_o sterling_a silver_n by_o the_o computation_n of_o silver_n of_o several_a finesse_n and_o he_o answer_v i_o it_o have_v without_o all_o doubt_n the_o other_o silver_n assay_v he_o report_v to_o be_v but_o eleven_o ounce_n fine_a after_o this_o gold_n to_o make_v the_o assay_n of_o gold_n he_o take_v in_o like_a manner_n fifteen_o grain_n of_o our_o ingot_a of_o gold_n and_o put_v the_o same_o to_o the_o test_v as_o aforesaid_a to_o purge_v the_o copper_n which_o he_o do_v with_o a_o hot_a fire_n he_o do_v beaâ—_n the_o gold_n with_o a_o hammer_n very_o thin_a that_o he_o can_v wind_v it_o upon_o a_o little_a stick_n round_o to_o make_v it_o go_v through_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o to_o work_v the_o better_a and_o hereunto_o he_o take_v twenty_o grain_n of_o very_a fine_a silver_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o put_v they_o all_o together_o into_o the_o vial_n or_o glass_n and_o hereupon_o he_o do_v pour_v some_o strong-water_n and_o put_v the_o same_o upon_o coal_n and_o there_o it_o do_v smoke_n and_o stand_v until_o it_o do_v smoke_v no_o more_o and_o then_o it_o have_v wrought_v and_o separate_v the_o silver_n from_o the_o gold_n which_o remain_v whole_a and_o the_o silver_n be_v turn_v into_o water_n then_o he_o do_v pour_v out_o that_o water_n into_o another_o glass_n with_o rainwater_n strong-water_n to_o divide_v silver_n from_o strong-water_n which_o divide_v your_o silver_n from_o the_o strong-water_n again_o and_o weigh_v the_o gold_n again_o report_v the_o same_o to_o be_v twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n fine_a by_o the_o calculation_n upon_o the_o balance_n of_o his_o subtle_a assay_v and_o then_o we_o go_v up_o to_o deliver_v our_o silver_n and_o gold_n to_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o mint_n whereof_o entry_n be_v make_v in_o diverse_a and_o several_a book_n of_o the_o warden_n comptroller_n mintmaster_n and_o assay-master_n and_o the_o mintmaster_n do_v deliver_v bill_n of_o the_o weight_n and_o finesse_n thereof_o under_o his_o hand_n to_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o mint_n where_o we_o stay_v to_o see_v our_o silver_n melt_a and_o cast_v into_o ingot_n for_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o moneyer_n to_o shire_n the_o same_o by_o weight_n into_o small_a piece_n for_o twelve_o pence_n &_o six_o pence_n for_o it_o be_v allay_v according_a to_o the_o sterling_a standard_n and_o the_o assay-master_n make_v another_o assay_v of_o it_o call_v the_o pot_n assay_v and_o find_v the_o same_o to_o be_v standard_n assay_v the_o pot_n assay_v whereupon_o we_o take_v our_o leave_n and_o depart_v and_o here_o also_o he_o affirm_v unto_o i_o that_o the_o copple_n have_v drink_v in_o the_o like_o small_a proportion_n of_o silver_n the_o next_o week_n follow_v i_o go_v to_o receive_v my_o satisfaction_n in_o coin_a money_n which_o be_v bring_v up_o to_o the_o warden_n and_o he_o peruse_v they_o whether_o they_o be_v well_o coin_a without_o crack_n or_o flaw_n and_o as_o the_o monyers_n bring_v they_o up_o in_o tray_n he_o take_v out_o some_o piece_n not_o well_o make_v and_o cut_v they_o a_o sunder_o with_o a_o shire_n and_o some_o piece_n he_o weigh_v and_o then_o take_v some_o other_o piece_n and_o put_v they_o through_o a_o hole_n into_o a_o box_n keep_v under_o several_a key_n and_o some_o piece_n he_o deliver_v to_o the_o assay-master_n to_o make_v trial_n of_o money_n assay_v of_o money_n and_o after_o i_o have_v receive_v my_o money_n by_o weight_n for_o weight_n of_o my_o bullion_n i_o go_v to_o the_o assay-master_n and_o see_v he_o make_v a_o assay_v of_o the_o say_a money_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o other_o with_o five_o part_n of_o lead_n and_o hereupon_o i_o take_v
occasion_n to_o ask_v he_o pix_n trial_o of_o the_o pix_n whether_o the_o last_o and_o supreme_a trial_n of_o the_o money_n which_o be_v make_v common_o once_o a_o year_n before_o the_o lord_n at_o the_o star-chamber_n be_v do_v in_o like_a manner_n and_o he_o answer_v i_o it_o be_v and_o withal_o he_o desire_v i_o to_o resolve_v the_o question_n between_o the_o warden_n and_o the_o mintmaster_n concern_v the_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n hide_v from_o report_n as_o it_o be_v suppose_v according_a to_o our_o former_a conference_n i_o tell_v he_o that_o according_a to_o the_o issue_n join_v between_o he_o and_o i_o that_o the_o mintmaster_n have_v not_o pocket_v up_o any_o such_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n as_o his_o account_n be_v charge_v withal_o i_o will_v make_v that_o plain_a by_o demonstration_n which_o he_o say_v be_v his_o desire_n whereupon_o i_o frame_v my_o answer_n as_o follow_v money_n four_o assay_n of_o bullion_n and_o money_n i_o make_v no_o doubt_n sir_n but_o you_o have_v mark_v my_o observation_n of_o the_o four_o several_a assay_n make_v concern_v bullion_n and_o money_n namely_o the_o first_o of_o the_o ingot_n before_o melt_v the_o second_o of_o the_o pot_n assay_v after_o melt_v the_o three_o of_o the_o money_n complete_a make_v thereof_o and_o the_o four_o and_o supreme_a trial_n of_o money_n at_o the_o star-chamber_n as_o it_o be_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n all_o which_o be_v do_v in_o manner_n alike_o you_o have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n tell_v i_o that_o their_o operation_n or_o effect_n be_v also_o alike_o for_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o ingot_n there_o the_o copple_n have_v drink_v in_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n for_o the_o pot_n assay_v there_o two_o penny_n weight_n be_v drink_v in_o also_o the_o assay_v make_v of_o the_o complete_a money_n have_v drink_v in_o the_o like_o two_o penny_n weight_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o high_a trial_n of_o all_o have_v drink_v in_o the_o like_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n how_o can_v it_o then_o be_v pocket_v up_o by_o the_o mintmaster_n when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o bullion_n remain_v in_o the_o pot_n find_v in_o the_o money_n and_o confirm_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o supreme_a trial_n and_o why_o shall_v the_o mint-master_n account_v be_v charge_v either_o with_o a_o imaginary_a or_o substantial_a thing_n which_o he_o never_o have_v or_o enjoy_v resolution_n a_o tacite_fw-la resolution_n to_o this_o the_o assay-master_n answer_v rather_o by_o sign_n than_o word_n say_v it_o be_v otherwise_o take_v and_o understand_v and_o himself_o take_v now_o better_a notice_n of_o it_o and_o wish_v that_o truth_n may_v prevail_v according_a to_o the_o say_n magna_fw-la est_fw-la veritas_fw-la praevalet_fw-la praevaluit_fw-la &_o praevalebit_fw-la and_o so_o end_v our_o suppose_a discourse_n now_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o mint_n beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o recompense_v they_o that_o may_v take_v offence_n for_o discuss_v the_o premise_n and_o let_v we_o be_v like_o nathaniel_n in_o who_o there_o be_v no_o guile_n qui_fw-la vadit_fw-la planè_fw-la vadit_fw-la sanè_fw-la howbeit_o discretion_n be_v requisite_a the_o assay_n beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v most_o make_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o mark_n which_o be_v eight_o ounce_n troy_n and_o they_o take_v twenty_o grain_n to_o make_v their_o assay_n by_o which_o be_v correspondent_a with_o our_o fifteen_o grain_n us._n thirty_o two_o grain_n beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v more_o than_o 24_o grain_n with_o us._n for_o they_o divide_v their_o english_a or_o penny_n weight_n in_o thirty_o two_o ass_n or_o grain_n which_o from_o twenty_o four_o unto_o thirty_o two_o differ_v one_o three_o part_n so_o be_v fifteen_o unto_o twenty_o also_o a_o three_o part_n for_o this_o mark_n weight_n of_o eight_o ounce_n be_v twofold_a the_o one_o be_v call_v english_a weight_n and_o the_o other_o french_a weight_n in_o the_o low_a country_n but_o the_o english_a weight_n be_v most_o use_v which_o be_v divide_v into_o eight_o ounce_n every_o ounce_n twenty_o english_a or_o penny_n weight_n mark_n english_a mark_n and_o every_o english_a thirty_o two_o grain_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v 5120_o grain_n to_o the_o mark_n this_o mark_n and_o one_o half_a make_v within_o a_o little_a our_o twelve_o ounce_n troy_n for_o the_o pound_n weight_n be_v in_o grain_n 7680._o the_o french_a weight_n call_v penny_n weight_n be_v also_o eight_o ounce_n mark_n french_a mark_n every_o ounce_n four_o and_o twenty_o penny_n weight_n and_o every_o penny_n weight_n twenty_o four_o grain_n be_v 6912_o grain_n for_o the_o twelve_o ounce_n or_o 4608_o grain_n for_o the_o eight_o ounce_n these_o grain_n be_v also_o divide_v in_o twenty_o four_o garobe_n or_o prime_n and_o the_o prime_n in_o twenty_o four_o second_o and_o the_o second_o in_o 24_o tercy_n or_o malloquen_n which_o be_v superfluous_a notwithstanding_o all_o the_o say_a weight_n and_o division_n to_o make_v assay_n they_o use_v another_o weight_n weight_n assay_v weight_n which_o every_o man_n make_v according_a to_o his_o fancy_n but_o most_o common_o they_o will_v divide_v the_o mark_n in_o twelve_o denier_n or_o penny_n and_o the_o penny_n into_o twenty_o four_o grain_n and_o then_o grain_n subdivide_v of_o paper_n make_v ⅛_n 1_o 10_o and_o 1_o 32_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n which_o concur_v near_a with_o our_o assay_n weight_n for_o if_o one_o pound_n of_o silver_n do_v contain_v 1_o 12_o part_n copper_n they_o call_v this_o eleven_o denier_n fine_a as_o we_o say_v eleven_o ounce_n fine_a for_o the_o gold_n likewise_o they_o do_v use_v the_o same_o weight_n account_v for_o every_o denier_n or_o penny_n weight_n two_o carrat_n so_o twenty_o four_o carrat_n for_o twelve_o denier_n or_o ounce_n and_o consequent_o eleven_o denier_n be_v twenty_o two_o carrat_n etc._n etc._n so_o the_o gold_n mark_n be_v twenty_o four_o carrat_n mark_n gold_n mark_n silver_n mark_n a_o carrot_fw-la be_v twelve_o grain_n so_o 288_o in_o the_o mark_n so_o the_o silver_n mark_v of_o twelve_o denier_n of_o twenty_o four_o grain_n be_v 288_o grain_n also_o which_o be_v big_a grain_n divide_v into_o four_o prime_n or_o siliquas_fw-la be_v 1152._o they_o use_v also_o a_o manner_n of_o speech_n to_o say_v twelve_o shilling_n to_o the_o mark_n pound_n pound_n mark_v pound_n every_o shilling_n twelve_o penny_n and_o every_o penny_n twenty_o four_o grain_n be_v 3456_o grain_n in_o the_o mark_n all_o which_o be_v do_v to_o make_v the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o thing_n intricate_a in_o like_a manner_n for_o the_o sheir_a of_o their_o money_n money_n shire_n money_n they_o will_v for_o every_o piece_n make_v a_o penny_n as_o if_o there_o be_v make_v seventie_o eight_o piece_n out_o of_o a_o mark_n they_o will_v say_v it_o ☞_o hold_v six_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n in_o the_o shire_n or_o for_o 62_o piece_n five_o shilling_n two_o penny_n and_o so_o obscure_a thing_n to_o take_v advantage_n upon_o other_o for_o the_o mint-master_n of_o the_o low_a country_n and_o germany_n be_v very_o experience_v in_o mint_n matter_n and_o the_o assay_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o grain_n may_v deceive_v much_o if_o by_o trial_n the_o calculation_n be_v not_o right_o make_v and_o if_o the_o say_a mint-master_n be_v not_o subtle_a yet_o the_o general_n which_o follow_v the_o prince_n or_o state_n do_v nothing_o else_o but_o study_n these_o thing_n always_o therefore_o let_v we_o observe_v more_o particular_n of_o their_o proceed_n as_o follow_v in_o the_o make_n of_o coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n they_o will_v use_v many_o time_n to_o make_v piece_n of_o fine_a gold_n and_o courser_n gold_n as_o the_o imperial_a royal_a and_o the_o half_a royal_a the_o one_o twenty_o three_o carrat_n 3_o ½_n grain_n and_o the_o other_o but_o eighteen_o carrat_n or_o the_o flanders_n crown_n of_o 22_o carrat_n in_o germany_n the_o ducat_n and_o the_o gold_n guildren_n which_o for_o 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coin_n in_o price_n as_o we_o do_v by_o exchange_n abate_v the_o same_o for_o merchant_n when_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o use_v any_o species_n of_o coin_n for_o transportation_n as_o dollar_n for_o the_o east-country_n to_o buy_v corn_n or_o royal_n of_o plate_n for_o the_o east-indies_n or_o french_a crown_n for_o france_n will_v give_v one_o two_o or_o three_o styver_n or_o sou_n upon_o a_o piece_n to_o have_v the_o same_o whereby_o other_o merchant_n buy_v commodity_n will_v condition_n to_o make_v their_o payment_n in_o such_o coin_n according_o merchandise_n currant_n money_n in_o merchandise_n and_o so_o it_o go_v from_o man_n to_o man_n by_o toleration_n which_o be_v call_v currant_n money_n in_o merchandise_n or_o permission_n money_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v enhance_v two_o or_o three_o upon_o the_o hundred_o at_o the_o least_o this_o inconvenience_n seem_v to_o be_v remediless_a as_o the_o placcart_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n declare_v 1594._o anno_fw-la 1594._o albeit_o the_o course_n of_o it_o be_v beneficial_a unto_o they_o and_o in_o regard_n of_o they_o may_v well_o be_v call_v permission_n money_n for_o when_o they_o will_v not_o break_v the_o coin_n of_o other_o nation_n as_o the_o manner_n be_v in_o all_o mint_n than_o it_o be_v either_o value_v rather_o above_o the_o value_n which_o content_v the_o say_a nation_n and_o so_o be_v permit_v to_o pass_v between_o man_n and_o man_n which_o draw_v money_n unto_o they_o which_o do_v not_o endure_v long_o master_n valuation_n alter_v by_o practice_n with_o mint_n master_n for_o the_o last_o and_o three_o effect_n of_o merchant_n valuation_n between_o the_o mint-master_n who_o love_n to_o be_v do_v and_o the_o say_a merchant_n come_v in_o place_n either_o by_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o the_o say_v foreign_a coin_n by_o proclamation_n to_o avoid_v their_o hand_n of_o it_o or_o to_o gather_v up_o coin_n before_o they_o be_v enhance_v divide_v the_o benefit_n between_o they_o &_o the_o financier_n who_o be_v officer_n of_o their_o treasury_n which_o be_v do_v with_o great_a dexterity_n every_o way_n in_o so_o much_o that_o when_o it_o seem_v they_o will_v not_o have_v foreign_a coin_n and_o to_o that_o end_n they_o underualue_n the_o same_o then_o have_v they_o their_o exchanger_n or_o broker_n to_o gather_v up_o those_o money_n to_o be_v bring_v to_o their_o mint_n where_o they_o will_v give_v secret_o a_o benefit_n and_o help_v themselves_o by_o the_o shire_n which_o can_v be_v do_v without_o private_a authority_n so_o that_o all_o thing_n due_o consider_v there_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o rule_n of_o exchange_n to_o prevent_v and_o moderate_v all_o these_o inconvenience_n which_o to_o make_v man_n believe_v be_v to_o undertake_v hercules_n labour_n for_o herein_o do_v the_o motion_n consist_v and_o motus_fw-la maior_fw-la expellit_fw-la minorem_fw-la touch_v the_o proportion_n between_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o valuation_n albeit_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o same_o be_v not_o much_o material_a in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n yet_o experience_n have_v show_v unto_o we_o that_o the_o contrary_n must_v be_v believe_v before_o their_o conceit_n and_o whereas_o they_o have_v make_v observation_n upon_o my_o former_a assertion_n to_o this_o purpose_n that_o spain_n hold_v the_o proportion_n of_o twelve_o to_o one_o and_o portugal_n hold_v but_o ten_o to_o one_o they_o do_v not_o mark_v the_o reason_n add_v thereunto_o which_o be_v that_o between_o those_o kingdom_n there_o be_v no_o commodity_n to_o establish_v any_o traffic_n so_o that_o exportation_n of_o silver_n for_o gold_n money_n permutation_n of_o money_n or_o gold_n for_o silver_n be_v but_o a_o permutation_n between_o they_o without_o any_o profit_n but_o england_n and_o other_o country_n afford_v mean_n to_o import_v abundance_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n and_o gold_n be_v with_o we_o in_o great_a estimation_n than_o heretofore_o be_v but_o of_o late_a year_n advance_v from_o eleven_o to_o twelve_o for_o one_o 1611._o an._n 1611._o that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o eleven_o ounce_n of_o silver_n to_o twelve_o ounce_n of_o silver_n for_o one_o ounce_n of_o gold_n be_v continual_o transport_v in_o return_n of_o the_o say_v foreign_a commodity_n the_o exchange_n not_o answer_v the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o gold_n so_o that_o now_o when_o our_o gold_n be_v yet_o more_o advance_v the_o silver_n be_v thereby_o more_o abate_v in_o price_n give_v 13_o â…•_n for_o one_o and_o therefore_o no_o marvel_n that_o gold_n be_v import_v unto_o we_o and_o silver_n be_v export_v there_o be_v a_o gain_n of_o above_o ten_o and_o twelve_o pro_fw-la cent_n and_o this_o loss_n of_o silver_n far_o exceed_v the_o gold_n in_o value_n because_o in_o quantity_n there_o be_v in_o the_o world_n 500_o of_o silver_n to_o one_o of_o gold_n extant_a silver_n be_v 500_o to_o one_o in_o quantity_n by_o weight_n extant_a and_o if_o any_o silver_n by_o accident_n be_v import_v it_o be_v export_v again_o for_o the_o east-indies_n and_o other_o place_n they_o give_v more_o for_o it_o than_o the_o price_n of_o our_o mint_n for_o gain_n be_v the_o commander_n of_o all_o the_o proportion_n use_v within_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n be_v as_o follow_v in_o the_o low-countries_n they_o do_v reckon_v two_o philip_n dollar_n for_o the_o emperor_n royal_a of_o gold_n whereby_o one_o mark_n of_o gold_n do_v countervail_v eleven_o mark_n of_o silver_n be_v eleven_o to_o one_o in_o the_o pound_n according_o in_o spain_n one_o mark_n of_o gold_n be_v value_v at_o 53_o ½_n pesos_n every_o peso_fw-mi 450_o maluedeis_fw-la and_o every_o mark_n of_o silver_n 2250_o maluedeis_fw-la make_v the_o mark_n of_o gold_n to_o be_v but_o 10_o â…”_n value_v by_o silver_n but_o the_o spanish_a pistolet_n of_o twenty_o two_o carrat_n fine_a to_o eleven_o royal_n be_v eleven_o of_o silver_n
as_o particular_a shall_v be_v bind_v to_o have_v this_o our_o ordinance_n with_o the_o figure_n always_o ready_a upon_o their_o bank_n or_o counting-house_n as_o also_o a_o proclamation_n fit_a to_o be_v affix_v in_o print_n declare_v the_o valuation_n of_o the_o say_a coin_n to_o the_o end_n every_o man_n may_v govern_v himself_o according_o upon_o forfeiture_n of_o five_o netherlands_n rider_n to_o be_v pay_v as_o often_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v find_v without_o they_o in_o their_o say_a office_n or_o counting-house_n 20_o prohibit_v all_o receiver_n banker_n and_o exchanger_n their_o deputy_n and_o officer_n together_o with_o all_o merchant_n or_o other_o person_n of_o what_o quality_n and_o condition_n so_o ever_o to_o cull_v out_o any_o coin_n to_o separate_v the_o light_a one_o for_o to_o be_v issue_v and_o with_o the_o weighty_a one_o '_o to_o make_v a_o benefit_n upon_o forfeiture_n of_o twenty_o and_o five_o neatherland_n rider_n 21_o prohibit_v also_o that_o none_o of_o the_o coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v value_v by_o this_o our_o proclamation_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o spanish_a ryall_n of_o 8_o with_o his_o proportion_n shall_v be_v deliver_v into_o any_o mint_n to_o be_v melt_v to_o which_o end_n we_o command_v all_o the_o mint-master_n of_o these_o province_n that_o they_o do_v not_o receive_v any_o of_o the_o say_a coin_n for_o to_o melt_v they_o it_o there_o will_v be_v no_o cause_n to_o do_v it_o and_o if_o any_o be_v so_o bring_v unto_o they_o to_o detain_v the_o same_o and_o to_o give_v notice_n thereof_o unto_o the_o general_n of_o the_o say_a mint_n to_o proceed_v therein_o as_o it_o shall_v appertain_v and_o whosever_v shall_v be_v find_v to_o go_v about_o to_o sell_v the_o say_a coin_n or_o have_v sell_v or_o break_v the_o same_o we_o will_v have_v the_o same_o to_o be_v forfeit_v and_o the_o double_a thereof_o over_o and_o above_o 22_o prohibit_v also_o the_o importation_n of_o any_o coin_n not_o value_v by_o these_o present_n either_o of_o gold_n or_o silver_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o for_o to_o be_v distribute_v 23_o and_o for_o the_o better_a discovery_n of_o the_o say_v first_o author_n or_o importer_n of_o prohibit_v coin_v we_o do_v command_v all_o our_o officer_n to_o do_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o inquire_v of_o those_o with_o who_o they_o shall_v find_v any_o of_o the_o say_a coin_n of_o who_o they_o have_v the_o same_o and_o so_o from_o person_n to_o person_n until_o the_o first_o importer_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v as_o aforesaid_a unless_o some_o can_v name_v his_o first_o author_n wherewith_o he_o shall_v be_v clear_v of_o the_o say_a forfeiture_n and_o if_o he_o do_v voluntary_o accuse_v his_o author_n he_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o same_o and_o the_o say_v first_o importer_n shall_v be_v banish_v out_o of_o all_o the_o say_a province_n 24_o if_o any_o officer_n shall_v make_v doubt_n that_o any_o of_o the_o say_a person_n have_v not_o deal_v well_o or_o misbehave_v themselves_o then_o shall_v they_o with_o the_o magistrate_n have_v authority_n to_o put_v they_o to_o their_o oath_n of_o who_o they_o have_v receive_v the_o say_v coin_n and_o at_o what_o price_n they_o have_v receive_v and_o pay_v out_o the_o same_o and_o if_o they_o deny_v to_o declare_v the_o same_o by_o oath_n he_o shall_v be_v take_v as_o convict_v of_o the_o say_a trespass_n according_a to_o this_o ordinance_n but_o if_o without_o equivocation_n he_o will_v roundly_o declare_v the_o truth_n whereby_o the_o fault_n shall_v appear_v he_o shall_v be_v pardon_v of_o the_o forfeiture_n and_o also_o enjoy_v one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o offender_n penalty_n if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v have_v 25_o and_o in_o like_a manner_n they_o may_v and_o we_o do_v authorise_v they_o by_o these_o present_n to_o seize_v and_o open_a coffer_n truss_v and_o the_o letter_n of_o messenger_n where_o they_o have_v suspicion_n to_o contain_v any_o coin_n provide_v always_o that_o the_o say_v open_v be_v do_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o say_v coffer_n truss_v or_o letter_n be_v direct_v if_o they_o can_v instant_o come_v at_o they_o beside_o some_o one_o of_o the_o magistrate_n where_o the_o say_a seizure_n be_v make_v to_o the_o end_n that_o thereby_o the_o name_n may_v be_v know_v of_o he_o who_o have_v send_v the_o say_a money_n at_o high_a price_n and_o to_o no_o other_o effect_n 26_o all_o which_o penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n shall_v be_v distribute_v the_o one_o three_o part_n to_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o town_n where_o the_o penalty_n fall_v the_o other_o three_o part_n to_o the_o accuser_n and_o the_o other_o three_o to_o the_o officer_n who_o shall_v challenge_v the_o execution_n to_o be_v do_v unless_o it_o be_v that_o the_o say_v forfeiture_n do_v exceed_v the_o sum_n of_o five_o thousand_o guilder_n in_o this_o case_n the_o one_o half_a shall_v be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o common_a cause_n and_o the_o other_o half_o to_o be_v divide_v proportionable_o between_o the_o say_v three_o party_n and_o to_o the_o end_n the_o accuser_n herein_o may_v do_v his_o uttermost_a diligence_n his_o name_n and_o person_n shall_v be_v conceal_v so_o long_o as_o possible_a it_o may_v be_v 27_o and_o herein_o we_o understand_v that_o not_o only_o the_o person_n which_o have_v commit_v the_o say_a trespass_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o answer_v for_o himself_o but_o also_o for_o they_o of_o his_o family_n the_o husband_n for_o his_o wife_n the_o parent_n for_o their_o child_n the_o master_n and_o mistress_n for_o their_o servant_n man_n or_o maid_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o say_v servant_n have_v do_v the_o same_o without_o their_o privity_n or_o knowledge_n 28_o and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o this_o our_o present_a ordinance_n may_v be_v keep_v and_o full_o accomplish_v in_o all_o her_o point_n we_o do_v order_n and_o command_v all_o the_o officer_n of_o our_o say_a province_n and_o every_o one_o in_o his_o office_n to_o have_v a_o especial_a care_n and_o regard_n of_o the_o infringer_n and_o transgressor_n of_o this_o our_o ordinance_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o before_o the_o magistrate_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n without_o that_o the_o say_v forfeiture_n be_v any_o way_n diminish_v upon_o penalty_n to_o be_v depose_v of_o their_o office_n and_o ever_o after_o to_o be_v disable_v to_o serve_v in_o any_o office_n without_o that_o they_o may_v excuse_v themselves_o by_o ignorance_n or_o by_o a_o general_a transgression_n of_o our_o ordinance_n which_o excuse_n shall_v not_o be_v available_a unto_o they_o but_o our_o intention_n be_v to_o punish_v they_o for_o their_o negligence_n and_o sloth_n 29_o we_o do_v further_o command_v all_o magistrate_n and_o justice_n that_o set_v aside_o all_o other_o business_n and_o affair_n they_o do_v proceed_v herein_o summary_o only_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n be_v know_v to_o the_o condemnation_n of_o the_o transgressor_n as_o soon_o as_o by_o two_o witness_n they_o shall_v be_v convict_v and_o â—heerein_o shall_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o like_a offender_n be_v admit_v and_o their_o sentence_n shall_v be_v without_o appeal_n or_o any_o prejudice_n 30_o we_o will_v and_o command_v that_o whensoever_o it_o shall_v manifest_o appear_v that_o the_o person_n have_v transgress_v and_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o fact_n or_o that_o by_o two_o witness_n the_o same_o can_v be_v prove_v against_o they_o the_o offendor_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o deposit_v the_o say_v forfeiture_n before_o he_o shall_v be_v admit_v to_o defend_v himself_o by_o the_o law_n whereunto_o he_o be_v to_o be_v compel_v instant_o by_o the_o apprehension_n of_o his_o person_n and_o otherwise_o and_o if_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pay_v the_o say_a penalty_n he_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o corporal_a punishment_n as_o the_o cause_n shall_v require_v 31_o the_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n shall_v have_v no_o authority_n to_o diminish_v or_o moderate_v their_o decree_n and_o sentence_n concern_v the_o say_a penalty_n upon_o forfeiture_n to_o pay_v themselves_o the_o double_a value_n thereof_o and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o say_a offender_n shall_v obtain_v of_o the_o high_a power_n any_o favour_n or_o abatement_n yet_o shall_v they_o be_v bind_v to_o satisfy_v the_o accuser_n and_o the_o officer_n for_o their_o say_a part_n proportionable_o according_a to_o the_o say_a forfeiture_n 32_o and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o our_o ordinance_n may_v be_v better_o observe_v we_o do_v will_v and_o order_n that_o the_o council_n of_o state_n of_o the_o say_a province_n unite_v shall_v call_v before_o they_o the_o receiver_n general_n of_o the_o say_v netherlands_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o contribution_n confiscation_n and_o other_o ordinary_a mean_n which_o be_v let_v to_o farm_n or_o to_o be_v
collect_v together_o also_o with_o the_o commissary_n clerk_n and_o servant_n of_o counting-house_n as_o also_o the_o commissioner_n of_o muster_n ammonition_n victual_n and_o wagon_n and_o to_o cause_v they_o solemn_o to_o swear_v to_o observe_v and_o keep_v all_o the_o point_n and_o article_n of_o our_o say_a ordinance_n 33_o the_o council_n of_o state_n also_o shall_v appoint_v commissioner_n for_o muster_n to_o take_v by_o the_o course_n thereof_o the_o oath_n of_o all_o colonel_n master_n of_o horse_n captain_n lieutenant_n ancient-bearer_n sergeant_n clerk_n and_o solicitor_n of_o company_n in_o our_o service_n military_a which_o oath_n be_v take_v shall_v forthwith_o by_o form_n of_o act_n be_v send_v unto_o the_o council_n of_o state_n 34_o likewise_o that_o the_o council_n of_o admiralty_n the_o officer_n of_o convoy_n master_n of_o licents_n their_o commissary_n clerk_n and_o servant_n and_o other_o that_o be_v accountable_a shall_v do_v the_o like_a 35_o we_o do_v further_a order_n that_o the_o committee_n of_o our_o council_n the_o council_n provincial_a or_o of_o finance_n of_o every_o respective_a province_n for_o themselves_o or_o their_o committee_n shall_v call_v before_o they_o all_o accountable_a officer_n as_o well_o steward_n of_o the_o demayne_n and_o spiritual_a live_n receiver_n of_o the_o ordinary_a mean_n collector_n of_o toll_n and_o all_o other_o with_o their_o clerk_n and_o servant_n which_o have_v the_o manage_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o particular_a province_n item_n the_o register_n and_o secretary_n advocate_n proctor_n warder_n of_o college_n court_n and_o chamber_n of_o finance_n to_o take_v the_o aforesaid_a oath_n 36_o the_o committee_n of_o state_n and_o their_o deputy_n or_o council_n provincial_a shall_v have_v care_n also_o that_o all_o town_n and_o village_n of_o the_o say_v respective_a province_n shall_v take_v the_o say_a oath_n before_o they_o that_o be_v accustom_v to_o take_v the_o same_o and_o where_o the_o same_o can_v convenient_o be_v do_v the_o say_a committee_n of_o state_n their_o deputy_n and_o provincial_a council_n shall_v appoint_v in_o all_o town_n and_o village_n some_o person_n to_o take_v the_o say_a oath_n before_o the_o boroughmaster_n magistrate_n treasurer_n and_o secretary_n of_o the_o say_a town_n and_o place_n also_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n and_o all_o other_o company_n already_o erect_v or_o which_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v erect_v as_o also_o all_o treasurer_n receiver_n rent-gatherers_a and_o their_o committee_n or_o clerk_n of_o lord_n prince_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o of_o high_a power_n item_n all_o deacon_n of_o church_n master_n of_o the_o hospital_n or_o orphan_n almoner_n and_o all_o those_o that_o serve_v in_o almshouse_n house_n of_o correction_n or_o college_n and_o their_o servant_n item_n all_o banker_n of_o money_n their_o deputy_n and_o servant_n all_o master_n of_o corporation_n or_o society_n master_n of_o handie-crafts-man_n or_o trade_n such_o as_o live_v by_o rent_n merchant_n in_o grosse_n or_o by_o retail_n shopkeeper_n brewer_n woodmonger_n herring-monger_n cheese-monger_n dyer_n beere-monger_n innkeeper_n and_o tapster_n and_o all_o those_o that_o use_v any_o trade_n item_n all_o chamberlain_n and_o notary_n resort_v under_o they_o collector_n of_o small_a duty_n fermer_n impost-master_n and_o of_o consumption_n tolegatherers_a gatherer_n of_o poundage_n broker_n and_o their_o committee_n clerk_n and_o servant_n within_o town_n and_o other_o place_n reside_v respective_o under_o they_o and_o further_o all_o those_o that_o the_o magistrate_n of_o every_o town_n place_n or_o village_n shall_v hold_v convenient_a or_o judge_v to_o be_v necessary_a shall_v take_v the_o say_a oath_n upon_o penalty_n in_o case_n of_o refusal_n to_o pay_v every_o day_n three_o guilder_n so_o long_o as_o they_o do_v not_o perform_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o proclamation_n and_o moreover_o to_o lose_v their_o freedom_n of_o a_o citizen_n &_o of_o their_o trade_n office_n or_o traffic_v so_o as_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v admit_v unto_o his_o office_n trade_n or_o traffic_v to_o exercise_v the_o same_o until_o he_o have_v first_o in_o conformity_n of_o our_o say_a proclamation_n take_v the_o say_a oath_n 37_o we_o have_v also_o conclude_v and_o think_v good_a that_o the_o council_n of_o state_n the_o council_n of_o the_o admiralty_n the_o committee_n or_o deputy_n of_o the_o say_v respective_a province_n and_o all_o court_n of_o justice_n shall_v promise_v under_o their_o signature_n upon_o the_o oath_n they_o take_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o their_o office_n to_o keep_v all_o the_o say_a point_n and_o article_n none_o except_v and_o the_o say_a court_n of_o justice_n shall_v in_o form_n of_o act_n send_v the_o say_a oath_n of_o all_o the_o say_v several_a person_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a article_n to_o the_o say_a lord_n estate_n of_o the_o say_v respective_a province_n or_o in_o their_o absence_n to_o the_o committee_n or_o deputy_n of_o state_n within_o fourteen_o day_n after_o the_o publication_n hereof_o which_o committee_n or_o deputy_n of_o state_n shall_v within_o other_o 14_o day_n after_o that_o send_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o estate_n general_n to_o know_v thereby_o that_o this_o our_o ordinance_n be_v receive_v and_o the_o observation_n thereof_o establish_v the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o council_n of_o state_n or_o of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o their_o committee_n or_o deputy_n and_o other_o within_o the_o time_n aforesaid_a 38_o over_o and_z above_o all_o the_o aforesaid_a oath_n to_o be_v do_v respective_o by_o every_o one_o the_o say_a province_n have_v mutual_o promise_v and_o by_o these_o present_n do_v promise_v each_o to_o other_o to_o observe_v and_o cause_n to_o be_v observe_v the_o say_a proclamation_n in_o all_o and_o every_o point_n and_o article_n without_o any_o alteration_n to_o be_v do_v therein_o make_v void_a and_o annihilate_v from_o hence_o forward_a all_o particular_a grant_n consent_n ordinance_n privilege_n permission_n or_o command_n which_o contrary_a to_o the_o say_a valuation_n in_o part_n or_o in_o the_o whole_a by_o any_o of_o the_o say_a province_n town_n college_n and_o magistrate_n or_o other_o member_n of_o the_o same_o may_v be_v give_v and_o grant_v be_v opposite_a to_o the_o common_a good_a and_o welfare_n of_o the_o country_n 39_o also_o because_o that_o hereby_o the_o say_a valuation_n be_v much_o ease_v for_o the_o multitude_n of_o coin_n whereby_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o many_o coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n bullion_n shall_v be_v incident_a in_o these_o province_n to_o the_o end_n our_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o overmuch_o charge_v with_o the_o same_o but_o with_o the_o least_o grievance_n may_v be_v free_v thereof_o we_o will_v and_o command_v the_o general_n of_o mint_n instant_o and_o with_o all_o speed_n to_o take_v care_n that_o in_o all_o town_n of_o these_o unite_a province_n with_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o magistrate_n respective_o where_o there_o be_v no_o bank_n of_o exchange_n nor_o exchanger_n there_o be_v appoint_v one_o or_o more_o person_n of_o credit_n and_o reputation_n as_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o place_n shall_v require_v to_o be_v exchanger_n and_o in_o place_n where_o such_o person_n be_v to_o be_v find_v as_o be_v fit_a thereunto_o that_o the_o magistrate_n shall_v procure_v they_o and_o give_v they_o honest_a recompense_n and_o to_o furnish_v they_o with_o convenient_a instruction_n and_o commission_n unto_o who_o or_o into_o the_o mint_n every_o man_n have_v bullion_n shall_v deliver_v the_o same_o as_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o manuall_n thereof_o prohibit_v unto_o all_o man_n that_o be_v not_o authorise_v thereunto_o not_o to_o meddle_v with_o any_o exchange_a function_n direct_o nor_o indirect_o upon_o forfeiture_n of_o fifty_o netherlands_n golden_a rider_n in_o specie_fw-la for_o the_o first_o time_n and_o double_a the_o second_o time_n beside_o arbitrable_a correction_n the_o one_o three_o part_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o officer_n the_o other_o three_o to_o the_o accuser_n and_o the_o other_o three_o to_o the_o exchanger_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o say_v penalty_n or_o forfeiture_n shall_v happen_v 40_o and_o for_o the_o better_a observation_n of_o this_o present_a ordinance_n and_o command_n we_o do_v order_n and_o command_v that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v publish_v in_o all_o accustom_a place_n where_o proclamation_n be_v make_v every_o three_o month_n precise_o and_o as_o often_o as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v to_o be_v renew_a and_o publish_v require_v therefore_o the_o state_n of_o every_o respective_a province_n and_o their_o committee_n or_o deputy_n of_o state_n to_o cause_v the_o say_a publication_n to_o be_v do_v at_o the_o day_n nominate_v 41_o final_o albeit_o we_o have_v cause_v the_o say_a valuation_n to_o be_v establish_v upon_o a_o firm_a and_o sure_a ground_n without_o limitation_n thereof_o to_o any_o time_n certain_a
london_n to_o amsterdam_n and_o from_o amsterdam_n to_o london_n again_o viz._n laus_fw-la deo_fw-la adi_n 20_o august_n 1622_o in_o london_n 500_o will_v 34_o ss_z 6_o d._n at_o usance_n pay_v by_o this_o my_o first_o bill_n of_o exchange_n unto_o a._n b._n the_o sum_n of_o five_o hundred_o pound_n sterling_a at_o thirty_o four_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n flemish_n for_o every_o pound_n sterling_a currant_n money_n in_o merchandise_n for_o the_o value_n hereof_o receive_v by_o i_o of_o c.d._n and_o put_v it_o to_o account_v as_o per_fw-la advice_n a_o dio_n etc._n etc._n g.m._n on_o the_o backside_n be_v endorse_v to_o my_o love_a friend_n master_n w.c._n merchant_n at_o amsterdam_n p_o a_o this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o money_n deliver_v and_o take_v up_o at_o london_n for_o amsterdam_n the_o second_o bill_n do_v differ_v in_o the_o addition_n of_o these_o word_n only_o at_o venice_n not_o have_v pay_v by_o my_o first_o bill_n pay_v by_o this_o my_o second_o bill_n and_o so_o in_o the_o three_o bill_n for_o there_o be_v common_o three_o bill_n make_v as_o aforesaid_a laus_fw-la deo_fw-la adj_n 20_o of_o september_n 1622_o in_o amsterdam_n 100_o will_v at_o 33_o ss_z 6_o d._n at_o usance_n pay_v this_o my_o first_o bill_n of_o exchange_n unto_o w._n m._n the_o sum_n of_o one_o hundred_o pound_n lawful_a money_n of_o england_n for_o the_o value_n here_o by_o i_o receive_v of_o d._n h._n make_v he_o good_a payment_n and_o put_v it_o to_o your_o account_n god_n keep_v you_o subscribe_v w.c._n on_o the_o backside_n be_v endorse_v to_o my_o love_a friend_n master_n g.m._n merchant_n at_o london_n p_o a_o 1_o this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o money_n take_v up_o at_o amsterdam_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o london_n wherein_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n may_v be_v make_v at_o sight_n or_o so_o many_o day_n after_o sight_n or_o at_o double_a usance_n according_a to_o the_o agreement_n or_o the_o bill_n may_v be_v direct_v to_o my_o servant_n or_o to_o himself_o or_o any_o other_o or_o it_o may_v say_v put_v it_o to_o the_o account_n of_o such_o a_o man_n but_o the_o best_a be_v to_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o letter_n of_o advice_n and_o where_o the_o first_o bill_n be_v note_v p_o a._n the_o second_o must_v be_v 2_o a._n and_o the_o three_o 3_o a_o you_o may_v not_o say_v in_o the_o bill_n it_o may_v please_v you_o to_o pay_v or_o i_o pray_v you_o to_o pay_v although_o it_o be_v to_o your_o master_n for_o the_o bill_n of_o his_o high_a nature_n do_v carry_v with_o it_o a_o command_n without_o respect_n of_o person_n and_o most_o man_n will_v not_o use_v the_o word_n make_v he_o good_a payment_n but_o the_o few_o word_n the_o more_o formal_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o witness_n unto_o it_o nor_o any_o seal_n but_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o paper_n of_o some_o two_o finger_n broad_a and_o the_o letter_n of_o advice_n do_v declare_v for_o who_o account_n or_o to_o what_o intent_n or_o purpose_n the_o say_a money_n be_v take_v up_o which_o letter_n of_o advice_n do_v accompany_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n with_o the_o like_a inscription_n with_o the_o word_n de_fw-fr adviso_fw-la also_o for_o money_n here_o deliver_v where_o the_o ground_n of_o exchange_n be_v of_o the_o twenty_o shilling_n whereupon_o the_o exchange_n be_v make_v you_o may_v not_o express_v what_o the_o sterling_a money_n make_v in_o flemish_a money_n not_o so_o much_o for_o that_o by_o misca_v you_o may_v make_v yourself_o liable_a as_o for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o mannerly_a to_o cast_v up_o another_o man_n account_n neither_o may_v you_o make_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n payable_a to_o the_o bearer_n or_o bringer_n thereof_o as_o you_o make_v your_o bill_n obligatorie_n beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v happen_v in_o derogation_n of_o the_o nobleness_n of_o the_o say_a bill_n of_o exchange_n abuse_v although_o now_o use_v or_o abuse_v which_o every_o merchant_n be_v to_o maintain_v all_o other_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o germany_n spain_n italy_n france_n the_o low-countries_n portugal_n or_o any_o other_o place_n between_o they_o to_z and_z from_o place_n to_o place_n do_v not_o differ_v in_o the_o form_n but_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o bank_n or_o out_o of_o the_o bank_n or_o in_o such_o a_o fair_a or_o mart_n at_o such_o time_n and_o in_o such_o money_n according_a to_o the_o country_n 2_o the_o banker_n and_o diverse_a italian_n have_v a_o custom_n exchange_n rare_a custom_n in_o bill_n of_o exchange_n that_o for_o the_o money_n take_v by_o they_o or_o for_o their_o company_n or_o any_o other_o one_o of_o their_o servant_n do_v make_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o he_o subscribe_v the_o name_n of_o he_o or_o of_o the_o company_n for_o who_o it_o be_v take_v up_o and_o the_o master_n he_o do_v write_v under_o the_o say_a bill_n pagate_v come_v si_fw-mi dice_n that_o be_v to_o say_v pay_v as_o it_o be_v say_v and_o this_o go_v as_o currant_n among_o merchant_n as_o any_o other_o bill_n make_v by_o the_o party_n own_o hand_n and_o all_o proceed_n thereupon_o be_v do_v according_o 3_o they_o have_v also_o a_o ordinary_a custom_n to_o transfer_v and_o put_v over_o their_o bill_n of_o exchange_n before_o they_o be_v make_v unto_o any_o other_o person_n as_o for_o example_n one_o in_o antuerpe_n do_v deliver_v by_o exchange_n five_o hundred_o pound_n sterling_a to_o be_v pay_v here_o in_o london_n unto_o another_o merchant_n there_o who_o be_v to_o make_v he_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o the_o same_o afterward_o within_o two_o or_o three_o day_n this_o deliverer_n of_o money_n have_v occasion_n to_o take_v up_o five_o hundred_o pound_n for_o london_n and_o have_v take_v the_o same_o of_o another_o merchant_n he_o be_v to_o make_v he_o also_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o this_o money_n as_o the_o other_o merchant_n be_v to_o make_v he_o for_o the_o five_o hundred_o pound_n which_o he_o do_v deliver_v he_o by_o exchange_n for_o london_n as_o aforesaid_a hereupon_o he_o know_v the_o name_n of_o the_o party_n in_o london_n to_o who_o the_o other_o man_n money_n be_v to_o be_v make_v payable_a cause_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n to_o be_v make_v payable_a to_o the_o say_a party_n as_o he_o shall_v have_v do_v with_o his_o own_o proper_a bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o whereas_o the_o value_n shall_v be_v mention_v to_o be_v receive_v of_o the_o second_o man_n that_o do_v deliver_v he_o the_o money_n he_o cause_v both_o of_o they_o to_o be_v name_v in_o the_o bill_n and_o sometime_o three_o or_o four_o be_v name_v in_o the_o say_a bill_n if_o it_o be_v so_o often_o rechange_v by_o say_v for_o the_o value_n receive_v of_o such_o a_o man_n for_o such_o a_o man_n and_o such_o a_o man_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o such_o a_o man_n this_o be_v good_a at_o all_o assay_n for_o the_o reverence_n which_o be_v bear_v to_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o by_o these_o mean_n there_o be_v charge_n and_o factoridge_n save_v between_o the_o party_n beside_o the_o commodiousness_n that_o one_o man_n do_v write_v and_o send_v this_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o all_o those_o that_o do_v change_v and_o rechange_v there_o the_o say_a money_n which_o be_v not_o do_v all_o in_o one_o sum_n and_o with_o one_o bill_n of_o exchange_n but_o the_o sum_n may_v be_v make_v up_o by_o many_o bill_n of_o exchange_n payable_a all_o to_o that_o man_n although_o it_o be_v by_o diverse_a person_n such_o and_o the_o like_a course_n be_v daily_o use_v and_o practise_v beyond_o the_o sea_n without_o interruption_n in_o matter_n of_o exchange_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v intricate_a this_o course_n of_o deal_n be_v altogether_o strange_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o can_v be_v determine_v thereby_o for_o whereas_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o merchant_n some_o matter_n upon_o bill_n of_o exchange_n have_v be_v try_v upon_o a_o action_n of_o assumpsit_fw-la here_o be_v neither_o consideration_n nor_o assumpsit_fw-la to_o be_v prove_v unless_o the_o bill_n have_v be_v accept_v wherein_o be_v many_o observation_n to_o make_v this_o more_o apparent_a therefore_o let_v we_o illustrate_v this_o by_o example_n peter_n deliver_v five_o hundred_o pound_n to_o john_n who_o be_v to_o give_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o it_o peter_n take_v up_o five_o hundred_o pound_n of_o william_n and_o may_v give_v he_o the_o say_a bill_n of_o john_n for_o it_o william_n take_v up_o five_o hundred_o pound_n of_o nicholas_n and_o may_v deliver_v john_n and_o peter_n bill_n for_o it_o nicholas_n take_v up_o five_o hundred_o pound_n of_o francis_n &_o do_v give_v he_o the_o bill_n
of_o john_n make_v mention_n of_o peter_n and_o william_n here_o be_v four_o taker_n up_o of_o money_n and_o but_o effectual_o one_o deliverer_n of_o money_n which_o be_v francis_n for_o albeit_o that_o peter_n be_v the_o first_o deliverer_n of_o the_o five_o hundred_o pound_n he_o become_v a_o taker_n again_o of_o the_o say_a money_n receive_v the_o same_o of_o william_n so_o that_o gradatim_fw-la john_n be_v the_o first_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o say_v five_o hundred_o pound_n peter_n be_v the_o second_o taker_n up_o william_n be_v the_o three_o taker_n up_o and_o nicholas_n be_v the_o four_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o say_v five_o hundred_o pound_n of_o francis_n to_o this_o francis_n be_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n give_v payable_a to_o his_o friend_n factor_n or_o servant_n in_o the_o place_n for_o which_o the_o money_n be_v take_v up_o but_o the_o say_a bill_n be_v make_v by_o john_n the_o first_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o say_a money_n declare_v that_o the_o value_n of_o it_o be_v receive_v of_o peter_n for_o william_n and_o for_o nicholas_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o francis_n which_o be_v the_o last_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n which_o bill_n be_v pay_v all_o the_o party_n in_o this_o exchange_n be_v satisfy_v and_o pay_v and_o this_o be_v do_v with_o great_a facility_n 4_o there_o be_v also_o a_o custom_n that_o money_n be_v take_v by_o exchange_n for_o a_o certain_a place_n by_o man_n who_o be_v not_o general_o know_v and_o therefore_o must_v use_v the_o credit_n of_o another_o man_n as_o a_o three_o person_n in_o the_o exchange_n if_o this_o man_n do_v subscribe_v his_o name_n to_o the_o three_o or_o second_o bill_n of_o exchange_n it_o be_v sufficient_a and_o will_v be_v due_o perform_v according_o 5_o it_o be_v also_o ordinary_a that_o a_o master_n to_o draw_v money_n from_o his_o servant_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n or_o a_o merchant_n in_o the_o like_a case_n from_o his_o factor_n will_v make_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n payable_a to_o some_o other_o person_n and_o say_v in_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o the_o value_n receive_v of_o such_o a_o one_o name_v a_o friend_n of_o he_o as_o he_o take_v the_o say_a person_n to_o be_v if_o the_o servant_n or_o factor_n do_v accept_v this_o bill_n he_o will_v be_v make_v to_o pay_v it_o and_o if_o this_o person_n who_o name_n have_v be_v use_v will_v deal_v unjust_o the_o master_n or_o merchant_n shall_v be_v remediless_a unless_o he_o have_v some_o collateral_a writing_n for_o the_o same_o because_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n must_v be_v maintain_v 6_o again_o if_o a_o know_a servant_n do_v take_v up_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n upon_o his_o master_n and_o give_v his_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o it_o upon_o the_o say_a master_n the_o master_n be_v liable_a to_o pay_v the_o same_o although_o he_o do_v not_o accept_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o it_o be_v understand_v that_o by_o his_o credit_n and_o not_o by_o the_o servant_n credit_n the_o money_n have_v be_v take_v up_o so_o that_o until_o he_o make_v a_o public_a declaration_n denounce_v his_o servant_n to_o the_o broker_n of_o exchange_n and_o otherwise_o the_o master_n be_v to_o pay_v all_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n to_o be_v keep_v inviolable_a 7_o there_o be_v also_o a_o custom_n that_o a_o master_n unto_o his_o servant_n or_o one_o friend_n unto_o another_o will_v send_v bill_n of_o exchange_n with_o the_o name_n in_o blank_a from_o one_o country_n into_o another_o as_o from_o hamborough_n to_o embden_n or_o from_o antuerpe_n to_o amsterdam_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o dansicke_a and_o at_o amsterdam_n the_o name_n be_v put_v in_o to_o who_o to_o be_v pay_v and_o of_o who_o receive_v and_o this_o depend_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o he_o that_o make_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o this_o be_v also_o accomplish_v very_o orderly_o 8_o again_o a_o merchant_n may_v take_v by_o exchange_n in_o another_o man_n name_n or_o in_o his_o own_o name_n and_o another_o man_n name_n together_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o any_o place_n where_o exchange_n be_v use_v and_o subscribe_v his_o name_n and_o that_o man_n name_n or_o that_o man_n name_n alone_o and_o this_o man_n who_o name_n be_v use_v be_v liable_a and_o answerable_a to_o the_o say_a exchange_n if_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o it_o be_v do_v or_o the_o like_a use_v to_o be_v do_v by_o that_o other_o party_n with_o his_o consent_n or_o privity_n for_o to_o avoid_v inconvenience_n in_o the_o course_n of_o exchange_n 9_o nay_o this_o go_v yet_o further_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o in_o equity_n and_o so_o adjudge_v that_o if_o a_o man_n do_v take_v up_o money_n for_o any_o place_n by_o exchange_n posito_fw-la from_o london_n to_o middleborough_n and_o there_o the_o money_n be_v pay_v and_o take_v up_o again_o by_o exchange_n for_o antuerpe_n and_o there_o it_o be_v also_o pay_v by_o money_n take_v up_o for_o amsterdam_n and_o at_o amsterdam_n it_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o say_a money_n be_v take_v up_o there_o again_o for_o middleborough_n and_o at_o middleborough_n it_o be_v again_o return_v and_o take_v up_o for_o london_n in_o one_o or_o more_o sum_n run_v in_o account_n between_o all_o these_o party_n deal_v therein_o but_o here_o at_o london_n it_o be_v not_o pay_v but_o go_v back_o again_o to_o middleborough_n by_o protest_v and_o there_o the_o taker_n up_o of_o it_o become_v insoluent_a now_o if_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o those_o money_n be_v original_o take_v up_o in_o london_n by_o the_o credit_n of_o that_o first_o taker_n which_o have_v be_v a_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o continuance_n of_o it_o by_o exchange_n this_o man_n of_o london_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v with_o it_o as_o well_o as_o the_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n thus_o may_v we_o see_v how_o tender_a and_o noble_a a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v of_o nature_n which_o by_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o will_v be_v make_v more_o apparent_a *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o non-acceptation_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o custom_n observe_v concern_v the_o same_o this_o high_a nature_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n require_v such_o preciseness_n of_o proceed_n to_o see_v the_o performance_n thereof_o that_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v very_o vigilant_a to_o observe_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o as_o soon_o as_o a_o merchant_n receive_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n whether_o it_o be_v payable_a at_o sight_n usance_n or_o double_a usance_n he_o be_v to_o present_v the_o say_a bill_n of_o exchange_n to_o the_o party_n upon_o who_o it_o be_v direct_v to_o know_v whether_o he_o will_v accept_v the_o same_o which_o if_o he_o do_v or_o promise_v by_o write_v under_o it_o the_o word_n accept_v observation_n first_o observation_n or_o with_o the_o addition_n of_o his_o name_n accept_v by_o i_o a._n b._n than_o the_o party_n be_v to_o pay_v it_o at_o the_o time_n contain_v in_o the_o bill_n but_o if_o the_o say_a party_n be_v not_o resolve_v to_o accept_v the_o same_o then_o after_o twenty_o and_o four_o hour_n past_a it_o be_v convenient_a to_o present_v he_o the_o say_a bill_n with_o a_o notary_n to_o make_v intimation_n of_o it_o unto_o he_o and_o to_o know_v whether_o he_o will_v accept_v the_o same_o as_o you_o do_v before_o if_o he_o deny_v to_o accept_v it_o than_o the_o notary_n do_v protest_v against_o he_o in_o word_n that_o the_o merchant_n do_v intend_v to_o recover_v all_o damage_n which_o he_o or_o the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n or_o himself_o for_o other_o might_n or_o shall_v sustain_v thereby_o whereunto_o the_o party_n need_v not_o to_o make_v any_o reply_n but_o if_o he_o do_v and_o withal_o desire_v the_o notary_n to_o declare_v the_o same_o in_o the_o notariall_a act_n or_o protest_v which_o he_o make_v for_o the_o non-acceptation_n then_o the_o notary_n be_v to_o put_v it_o down_o in_o write_v according_o and_o to_o deliver_v the_o same_o to_o the_o merchant_n to_o be_v send_v beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o all_o expedition_n because_o the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n there_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o secure_v himself_o of_o the_o party_n if_o there_o be_v cause_n and_o in_o the_o send_n of_o this_o protest_v of_o intimation_n the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o first_o post_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v to_o send_v the_o same_o by_o observation_n second_o observation_n if_o the_o merchant_n to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v payable_a be_v absent_a or_o sick_a or_o depart_v this_o life_n nevertheless_o any_o friend_n or_o servant_n of_o he_o may_v cause_v this_o protest_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o notary_n who_o do_v declare_v the_o name_n of_o he_o at_o who_o request_n he_o do_v present_v the_o
a_o occasion_n to_o gather_v in_o his_o own_o debt_n soon_o in_o some_o place_n also_o they_o may_v not_o arrest_v upon_o the_o sabbath_n day_n and_o holiday_n to_o the_o end_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v deprive_v of_o divine_a service_n towards_o god_n and_o comfort_n of_o their_o soul_n the_o officer_n or_o sergeant_n may_v not_o arrest_v any_o man_n upon_o the_o burse_n or_o royal_a exchange_n although_o the_o party_n to_o be_v arrest_v shall_v yield_v thereunto_o and_o renounce_v the_o say_a privilege_n it_o be_v not_o many_o year_n since_o that_o a_o merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v upon_o the_o exchange_n at_o antuerp_n have_v notice_n give_v he_o that_o another_o merchant_n have_v give_v order_n that_o upon_o his_o go_v from_o the_o exchange_n he_o shall_v be_v arrest_v and_o that_o the_o officer_n do_v attend_v he_o be_v near_o at_o hand_n whereupon_o he_o perceive_v the_o say_a officer_n call_v he_o unto_o he_o and_o say_v he_o will_v obey_v the_o arrest_n which_o for_o the_o first_o time_n be_v but_o a_o adiourn_v or_o citation_n the_o officer_n do_v require_v a_o pledge_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o coin_n in_o token_n thereof_o as_o the_o manner_n be_v which_o he_o give_v he_o afterward_o this_o merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v otherwise_o advise_v by_o his_o friend_n do_v disclaim_v from_o that_o arrest_n because_o it_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o exchange_n and_o claim_v the_o say_a privilege_n insomuch_o that_o the_o magistrate_n and_o the_o learned_a advocate_n on_o both_o side_n do_v thereupon_o assemble_v in_o the_o town-house_n as_o it_o be_v the_o guild-hall_n and_o there_o the_o matter_n be_v debate_v and_o discuss_v at_o large_a according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o it_o be_v at_o last_o conclude_v and_o determine_v that_o the_o say_a arrest_n be_v void_a in_o law_n for_o the_o renunciation_n of_o a_o privilege_n by_o any_o particular_a privilege_n the_o renunciation_n of_o a_o privilege_n can_v abolish_v the_o privilege_n or_o many_o person_n can_v derogate_v or_o abrogate_v any_o custom_n or_o privilege_n not_o only_o in_o the_o general_a but_o also_o in_o the_o particular_a so_o that_o within_o twenty_o and_o four_o hour_n after_o he_o may_v have_v be_v arrest_v again_o but_o he_o be_v non_fw-la inventus_fw-la and_o upon_o this_o arrest_n he_o be_v to_o find_v caution_n to_o answer_v the_o law_n the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v for_o all_o privilege_a place_n as_o church_n chapel_n churchyard_n and_o other_o place_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o diverse_a city_n and_o town_n do_v not_o permit_v any_o man_n to_o be_v arrest_v upon_o foreign_a plea_n for_o debt_n or_o contract_n make_v in_o other_o town_n place_n or_o country_n which_o be_v as_o place_n of_o refuge_n for_o some_o merchant_n as_o the_o town_n of_o middleborough_n in_o zealand_n refuge_n town_n of_o refuge_n and_o the_o town_n of_o dort_n in_o holland_n and_o other_o city_n and_o town_n in_o other_o country_n and_o most_o city_n and_o town_n where_o a_o nation_n or_o a_o society_n of_o merchant_n do_v agree_v to_o make_v their_o residence_n as_o the_o company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n and_o other_o common_o the_o say_a city_n and_o town_n do_v exempt_v they_o from_o all_o litigious_a suit_n which_o happen_v between_o themselves_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o their_o governor_n or_o court_n master_n so_o as_o only_a controversy_n happen_v between_o they_o and_o stranger_n or_o inhabitant_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o law_n for_o the_o determination_n of_o merchant_n difference_n they_o will_v also_o free_v they_o from_o all_o debt_n owe_v by_o king_n prince_n and_o state_n so_o that_o the_o subject_n good_n shall_v not_o be_v liable_a thereunto_o to_o the_o end_n that_o traffic_n be_v not_o interrupt_v the_o officer_n or_o sergeant_n which_o make_v these_o arrest_n be_v know_v by_o their_o habit_n habit_n officer_n know_v by_o their_o habit_n or_o by_o a_o rod_n to_o be_v see_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o may_v not_o by_o stealth_n come_v upon_o a_o man_n whereby_o many_o insolence_n be_v prevent_v and_o sergeant_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o be_v kill_v as_o many_o time_n they_o be_v with_o us._n and_o if_o they_o have_v not_o their_o habit_n or_o colour_n no_o man_n be_v to_o assist_v they_o if_o they_o be_v abuse_v and_o the_o rescue_v of_o a_o man_n then_o be_v no_o offence_n and_o howsoever_o if_o a_o man_n arrest_v or_o to_o be_v arrest_v do_v run_v away_o every_o man_n give_v he_o way_n as_o desirous_a to_o help_v he_o to_o keep_v he_o out_o of_o trouble_n account_v the_o arrest_v of_o a_o man_n to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o hangman_n office_n and_o nevertheless_o their_o hangman_n be_v see_v to_o be_v always_o in_o rich_a apparel_n and_o be_v repute_v as_o necessary_a member_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n whereas_o in_o england_n it_o be_v very_o contemptible_a and_o base_a return_v to_o speak_v again_o of_o attachment_n it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a consideration_n with_o we_o not_o to_o admit_v any_o to_o be_v do_v either_o in_o london_n or_o any_o other_o city_n or_o town_n corporate_a specialty_n attachment_n to_o be_v grant_v upon_o specialty_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n unless_o it_o be_v upon_o plain_a specialty_n and_o also_o with_o put_v in_o good_a surety_n for_o the_o cost_n for_o it_o be_v a_o very_a dangerous_a thing_n for_o merchant_n dwell_v beyond_o the_o sea_n as_o also_o merchant_n which_o dwell_v in_o remote_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v their_o factor_n at_o london_n if_o they_o upon_o any_o surmise_n or_o pretence_n of_o debt_n shall_v make_v secret_o any_o attachment_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n of_o their_o master_n good_n either_o when_o they_o know_v their_o master_n to_o be_v dead_a or_o travel_v in_o some_o foreign_a country_n upon_o a_o long_a voyage_n as_o occasion_n may_v fall_v out_o and_o so_o by_o practice_n deceive_v they_o of_o their_o estate_n by_o plead_v afterward_o the_o say_a attachment_n or_o judgement_n have_v thereupon_o in_o bar_n as_o aforesaid_a chap._n xii_o of_o sequestration_n and_o execution_n the_o magistrate_n consider_v that_o abuse_n may_v be_v commit_v many_o way_n by_o attachment_n do_v common_o use_v sequestration_n of_o good_n by_o deliver_v they_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o three_o person_n or_o take_v of_o they_o into_o their_o own_o custody_n or_o power_n for_o by_o these_o mean_n also_o be_v many_o attachment_n prevent_v which_o man_n will_v do_v if_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o good_n or_o debt_n do_v come_v into_o their_o own_o power_n wherein_o they_o have_v a_o care_n not_o to_o feed_v the_o humour_n of_o contentious_a person_n which_o be_v mere_o contrary_a to_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o sentence_n wherein_o the_o life_n of_o the_o law_n do_v consist_v they_o do_v proceed_v gradatim_fw-la law_n execution_n be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o law_n and_o if_o any_o such_o sequestration_n be_v make_v unjust_o or_o without_o cause_n the_o civil_a law_n as_o also_o the_o office_n of_o prior_n and_o consul_n hereafter_o declare_v will_v give_v good_a cost_n and_o damage_n execution_n considerable_a execution_n in_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o say_a magistrate_n there_o be_v many_o persuasive_a mean_n use_v by_o they_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o debtor_n with_o the_o creditor_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o a_o composition_n if_o not_o than_o some_o officer_n be_v send_v to_o the_o party_n house_n to_o keep_v he_o as_o it_o be_v a_o prisoner_n to_o who_o he_o must_v give_v meat_n drink_n lodging_n and_o a_o daily_a fee_n according_a to_o the_o judge_n appointment_n and_o as_o the_o matter_n may_v be_v of_o moment_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o this_o pecuniary_a punishment_n he_o may_v cause_v he_o to_o pay_v or_o satisfy_v the_o creditor_n which_o be_v aggravate_v by_o send_v two_o officer_n at_o the_o first_o than_o two_o more_o and_o so_o six_o or_o eight_o of_o they_o to_o eat_v he_o out_o of_o house_n and_o home_n for_o these_o man_n will_v gnaw_v he_o to_o the_o very_a bone_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v clyvers_a or_o devourer_n but_o if_o the_o debtor_n will_v not_o endure_v this_o and_o do_v go_v wilful_o to_o prison_n than_o the_o creditor_n must_v find_v the_o debtor_n maintenance_n at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n who_o may_v if_o he_o will_v present_o put_v he_o to_o bread_n and_o water_n which_o be_v seldom_o or_o never_o do_v but_o when_o it_o be_v know_v that_o the_o party_n have_v mean_n and_o will_v not_o satisfy_v his_o creditor_n who_o after_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o the_o person_n can_v come_v upon_o the_o good_n again_o according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n than_o he_o be_v to_o be_v keep_v in_o arcta_fw-la custodia_fw-la with_o
against_o the_o law_n 5_o that_o they_o do_v not_o award_v any_o thing_n whereby_o any_o matter_n already_o determine_v by_o decree_n in_o chancery_n or_o judgement_n at_o the_o common_a law_n or_o any_o sentence_n judicial_o give_v in_o the_o cause_n be_v infringe_v or_o meddle_v withal_o these_o point_n ought_v to_o be_v observe_v for_o the_o reason_n follow_v for_o touch_v the_o first_o if_o the_o award_n be_v not_o deliver_v up_o in_o write_v under_o the_o arbitrator_n hand_n and_o seal_n if_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o bond_n do_v so_o limit_v the_o same_o then_o have_v they_o no_o authority_n to_o do_v the_o same_o after_o the_o time_n which_o be_v limit_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o party_n for_o the_o second_o point_n reason_n require_v in_o all_o humane_a action_n a_o reciprocal_a act_n from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o by_o deed_n of_o performance_n call_v quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la quo_fw-la the_o reason_n of_o quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la although_o it_o be_v a_o man_n sallarie_n for_o his_o pain_n which_o in_o some_o case_n cause_v man_n to_o award_v that_o each_o party_n shall_v pay_v so_o much_o to_o the_o scrivener_n or_o notary_n for_o write_v the_o say_a award_n but_o this_o be_v no_o collateral_a act_n between_o the_o party_n neither_o be_v it_o any_o matter_n compromit_v to_o the_o arbitrator_n it_o be_v therefore_o better_a to_o express_v and_o award_n that_o each_o party_n shall_v seal_v and_o deliver_v either_o general_a acquittance_n each_o to_o other_o or_o with_o some_o exception_n therein_o as_o the_o award_n will_v lead_v they_o the_o three_o point_n be_v considerable_a where_o the_o difference_n be_v by_o both_o party_n or_o either_o of_o they_o deliver_v in_o article_n in_o write_v to_o the_o arbitrator_n for_o herein_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o the_o say_a arbitrator_n shall_v have_v power_n and_o authority_n to_o determine_v all_o question_n difference_n doubt_n controversy_n matter_n of_o account_n reckon_n or_o any_o other_o usual_a or_o general_a word_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n until_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bond_n but_o they_o must_v give_v their_o award_n upon_o every_o particular_a article_n and_o upon_o all_o of_o they_o the_o four_o point_n that_o the_o arbitrator_n do_v not_o award_v any_o thing_n which_o be_v unlawful_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v evil_a in_o themselves_o call_v malum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la and_o of_o thing_n call_v evil_a because_o they_o be_v upon_o some_o respect_n and_o consideration_n prohibit_v and_o therefore_o term_v malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la as_o the_o wear_n of_o hat_n at_o all_o time_n transportation_n of_o corn_n eat_v of_o flesh_n in_o lent_n and_o the_o like_a wherein_o there_o be_v a_o further_a consideration_n which_o require_v a_o distinction_n as_o for_o example_n a_o arbitrator_n or_o many_o arbitrator_n do_v award_n law_n a_o notable_a good_a distinction_n in_o law_n that_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n shall_v be_v pay_v unto_o such_o a_o man_n during_o all_o the_o time_n he_o be_v unmarried_a be_v good_a in_o law_n but_o to_o bind_v the_o party_n by_o award_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o marry_v because_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o money_n still_o be_v unlawful_a and_o void_a by_o the_o law_n the_o five_o point_n be_v of_o very_o great_a consequence_n to_o bind_v the_o action_n of_o man_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n whereunto_o such_o reverence_n be_v due_a that_o decree_n judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o judicial_a court_n of_o record_n be_v always_o of_o a_o high_a nature_n than_o arbitrator_n award_v nevertheless_o in_o many_o doubtful_a question_n the_o civilians_n themselves_o after_o long_o and_o curious_a debate_n do_v assign_v they_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o arbitrator_n have_v skill_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n which_o always_o do_v intend_v expedition_n and_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n wherefore_o a_o umpire_n choose_v upon_o arbitrable_a matter_n authority_n a_o umpire_n have_v absolute_a authority_n have_v a_o absolute_a authority_n to_o himself_o give_v to_o end_v the_o matter_n alone_o without_o hear_v the_o arbitrator_n if_o he_o will_v for_o albeit_o this_o be_v not_o without_o some_o danger_n and_o that_o the_o end_n of_o arbitrator_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v yet_o brevity_n and_o expedition_n of_o justice_n in_o merchant_n affair_n be_v so_o much_o regard_v that_o by_o all_o mean_v the_o same_o aught_o to_o be_v further_v hence_o it_o proceed_v that_o the_o merchant_n court_n govern_v by_o prior_n and_o consul_n whereof_o we_o entreat_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n have_v authority_n to_o reform_v or_o confirm_v the_o sentence_n of_o arbitrator_n consul_n arbitrator_n award_v subject_a to_o the_o prior_n and_o consul_n when_o merchant_n will_v appeal_v their_o arbitrement_n before_o they_o rather_o than_o to_o go_v to_o law_n and_o with_o this_o proviso_n that_o the_o appellation_n of_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o say_a arbitrator_n shall_v not_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n before_o the_o arbitrement_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o party_n that_o do_v appeal_v conditional_o that_o restitution_n shall_v be_v make_v if_o there_o be_v cause_n upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o process_n and_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n be_v to_o note_v that_o no_o merchant_n nor_o other_o be_v of_o their_o jurisdiction_n can_v transport_v or_o make_v over_o their_o interest_n to_o any_o person_n privilege_v and_o not_o subject_a to_o the_o say_a jurisdiction_n be_v it_o by_o gift_n sale_n or_o exchange_n or_o by_o any_o other_o mean_n to_o the_o end_n thereby_o to_o avoid_v their_o authority_n upon_o pain_n that_o the_o same_o transport_n or_o possessing_n shall_v be_v of_o no_o effect_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o right_n and_o cause_n and_o all_o notary_n who_o shall_v receive_v any_o such_o transport_n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n in_o a_o penalty_n arbitrable_a and_o further_o shall_v be_v condemn_v to_o pay_v unto_o the_o adverse_a party_n all_o his_o cost_n and_o charge_n which_o he_o have_v sustain_v by_o mean_n thereof_o merchant_n reference_n of_o cause_n to_o merchant_n and_o to_o the_o end_n this_o expedition_n may_v by_o all_o mean_n be_v further_v the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n may_v distribute_v and_o refer_v cause_n unto_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o expert_a merchant_n in_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n to_o make_v a_o true_a report_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o allegation_n and_o proof_n of_o the_o party_n without_o any_o sallarie_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o say_a merchant_n howbeit_o in_o italy_n some_o reward_n be_v give_v upon_o the_o ricorse_n of_o merchant_n these_o merchant_n be_v to_o take_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o advocate_n council_n and_o attorney_n of_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n in_o matter_n difficult_a the_o better_a to_o discern_v the_o right_n of_o the_o cause_n to_o make_v their_o report_n more_o complete_a for_o the_o soon_o end_v of_o it_o according_a to_o reason_n and_o right_n by_o the_o true_a affirmation_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o not_o by_o feign_a subtle_a and_o crafty_a writing_n which_o oftentimes_o do_v darken_v the_o truth_n under_o the_o colour_n of_o fair_a phrase_n declare_v in_o they_o cause_v protraction_n and_o delay_n arbitrator_n difference_n between_o ludge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o arbitrator_n marcus_n tullius_n cicero_n have_v true_o set_v down_o the_o difference_n which_o be_v between_o judge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o arbitrator_n incline_v to_o the_o most_o easy_a and_o less_o chargeable_a course_n say_v the_o one_o be_v servile_a the_o other_o be_v noble_a the_o one_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o law_n and_o the_o other_o be_v not_o the_o one_o do_v consist_v in_o fact_n the_o other_o in_o justice_n the_o one_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o magistrate_n the_o other_o be_v reserve_v to_o the_o law_n the_o one_o be_v write_v in_o the_o law_n the_o other_o be_v without_o the_o law_n the_o one_o be_v in_o the_o power_n and_o the_o other_o be_v without_o the_o power_n of_o magistrate_n howbeit_o it_o be_v not_o forbid_v but_o all_o justice_n of_o peace_n may_v compound_v difference_n and_o their_o authority_n do_v enable_v they_o better_o thereunto_o and_o in_o this_o regard_n it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o umpire_n do_v represent_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n authority_n because_o that_o the_o commissioner_n report_n of_o the_o master_n and_o other_o of_o the_o chancery_n or_o of_o merchant_n be_v the_o ground_n work_v whereupon_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n do_v deliver_v his_o sentence_n and_o make_v up_o his_o decree_n and_o the_o say_a commissioner_n have_v a_o further_a authority_n and_o power_n than_o arbitrator_n arbitrator_n difference_n between_o commissioner_n and_o arbitrator_n for_o they_o may_v examine_v witness_n upon_o oath_n upon_o