to_o march_v to_o rhium_n and_o fall_v by_o that_o way_n on_o the_o aetolian_n after_o philip_n have_v give_v audience_n to_o the_o ambassador_n he_o do_v not_o present_o dismiss_v they_o but_o hold_v they_o in_o hand_n tell_v they_o he_o will_v deliberate_v on_o their_o proposal_n so_o decamp_v he_o march_v the_o army_n to_o metropolis_n and_o conope_n at_o metropolis_n the_o aetolian_n hold_v the_o citadel_n but_o â—â—â—tred_v the_o town_n which_o the_o king_n destroy_v and_o so_o prosecute_v his_o march_n to_o conope_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o aetolian_a horse_n be_v get_v together_o and_o bold_o resolve_v to_o attempt_v the_o obstruct_v his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n about_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o town_n believe_v they_o shall_v be_v able_a either_o to_o hinder_v his_o pass_n or_o at_o least_o to_o do_v the_o army_n much_o damage_n in_o the_o attempt_n but_o the_o king_n who_o have_v knowledge_n of_o their_o purpose_n command_v the_o bucklerman_n first_o to_o enter_v the_o river_n and_o to_o approach_v the_o other_o bank_n by_o troop_n or_o cohort_n well_o cover_v with_o their_o buckler_n after_o the_o tortoise_n manner_n these_o order_n be_v observe_v as_o they_o gain_v the_o other_o shoar_n the_o aetolian_n attack_v the_o advance_a party_n and_o in_o truth_n make_v some_o dispute_n but_o when_o they_o observe_v these_o to_o halt_v and_o to_o draw_v into_o close_a order_n and_o that_o the_o second_o and_o three_o cohort_n join_v they_o compose_v as_o it_o be_v a_o wall_n of_o defence_n with_o their_o buckler_n they_o than_o give_v back_o and_o retreat_v into_o the_o town_n despair_v to_o perform_v any_o further_a service_n after_o this_o occasion_n the_o aetolian_n presume_v not_o more_o to_o come_v into_o the_o field_n but_o shut_v themselves_o up_o in_o their_o place_n of_o defence_n after_o the_o king_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n and_o spoil_v all_o the_o low_a country_n without_o opposition_n he_o advance_v to_o ithoria_n a_o place_n fortify_v and_o strong_a by_o art_n and_o nature_n and_o stand_v in_o the_o way_n of_o his_o march_n nevertheless_o on_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o army_n the_o garrison_n think_v it_o best_a to_o retire_v and_o abandon_v their_o work_n thus_o become_v master_n of_o this_o place_n he_o order_v it_o forthwith_o to_o be_v dismantle_v and_o demolish_v command_v his_o troop_n that_o ravage_v the_o country_n far_o and_o wide_a to_o do_v the_o like_a to_o all_o the_o fortress_n they_o can_v get_v into_o their_o hand_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v this_o straight_a he_o move_v by_o easy_a march_n the_o better_a to_o enable_v the_o soldier_n to_o carry_v their_o plunder_n then_o have_v furnish_v the_o army_n with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a he_o lead_v they_o towards_o oeniade_n and_o by_o the_o way_n sit_v down_o before_o paeanium_n which_o town_n he_o resolve_v to_o be_v first_o master_n of_o he_o take_v it_o by_o force_n after_o many_o assault_n this_o be_v a_o place_n of_o no_o great_a extent_n be_v hardly_o a_o mile_n about_o but_o no_o way_n inferior_a to_o the_o other_o as_o well_o for_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o building_n as_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o work_n he_o cause_v the_o fortification_n to_o be_v raze_v and_o the_o edifice_n to_o be_v demolish_v take_v order_n with_o the_o timber_n and_o rafter_n to_o make_v float_v to_o transport_v himself_o to_o oeniade_n the_o aetolian_n seem_v at_o first_o resolve_v to_o fortify_v and_o keep_v possession_n of_o the_o citadel_n of_o that_o place_n but_o on_o the_o approach_n of_o king_n philip_n the_o fear_n prevail_v so_o they_o quit_v that_o likewise_o after_o the_o king_n be_v become_v master_n of_o oeniade_n he_o march_v into_o calydonia_n where_o he_o invest_v a_o well-fortifyed_a place_n have_v a_o strong_a wall_n and_o which_o be_v well_o furnish_v with_o store_n and_o provision_n of_o war._n for_o king_n attalus_n it_o seem_v have_v supply_v the_o aetolian_n with_o all_o thing_n needful_a to_o the_o defence_n of_o this_o town_n but_o philip_n take_v it_o by_o force_n the_o macedonian_n waste_v all_o the_o country_n of_o calydonia_n and_o afterward_o he_o march_v back_o to_o oeniade_n the_o king_n have_v well_o consider_v the_o commodious_a situation_n of_o the_o place_n as_o well_o for_o the_o passage_n it_o give_v into_o peloponnesus_n as_o other_o advantage_n resolve_v to_o fortify_v and_o begird_v it_o with_o a_o wall_n oeniade_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o sea_n upon_o the_o very_a out-skirt_n of_o acarnania_n where_o it_o border_n on_o the_o aetolian_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o corinth_n it_o stand_v front_v towards_o peloponnesus_n and_o lie_v opposite_a to_o the_o coast_n of_o dyma_n and_o not_o distant_a above_o twelve_o mile_n from_o the_o country_n that_o border_n on_o araxus_n wherefore_o he_o fortify_v the_o castle_n and_o lay_v the_o design_n of_o join_v the_o arsenal_n and_o the_o port_n and_o destine_v for_o that_o service_n the_o material_n he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v transport_v from_o paeanium_n but_o while_o these_o thing_n be_v under_o consideration_n he_o receive_v letter_n from_o macedon_n whereby_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o dardanian_n believe_v he_o have_v take_v his_o march_n into_o peloponnesus_n have_v resolve_v to_o fall_v on_o he_o at_o home_n that_o they_o have_v levy_v force_n for_o that_o enterprise_n and_o be_v make_v great_a provision_n of_o all_o kind_n for_o prosecute_a the_o war._n whereupon_o judge_v it_o but_o just_a to_o repair_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o own_o country_n he_o therefore_o dismiss_v the_o achaean_n ambassador_n give_v they_o assurance_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o compose_v his_o affair_n at_o home_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o in_o his_o thought_n than_o to_o come_v and_o give_v they_o his_o utmost_a assistance_n whereupon_o he_o depart_v march_v with_o great_a diligence_n back_o by_o the_o same_o way_n he_o come_v at_o his_o passage_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o ambracia_n in_o his_o way_n out_o of_o acarnania_n into_o epirus_n he_o be_v meet_v by_o demetrius_n of_o pharus_n who_o have_v be_v compel_v to_o fly_v out_o of_o illyria_n by_o the_o roman_n as_o we_o have_v already_o note_v have_v only_o one_o single_a vessel_n with_o he_o the_o king_n receive_v he_o kind_o order_v he_o to_o go_v first_o to_o corinth_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o take_v his_o way_n through_o thessaly_n and_o come_v and_o meet_v he_o in_o macedon_n after_o philip_n have_v pass_v through_o epirus_n he_o continue_v his_o march_n without_o halt_v and_o on_o his_o arrival_n at_o pella_n a_o macedonian_a town_n the_o dardanian_n who_o have_v get_v intelligence_n of_o his_o return_n by_o certain_a thracian_a fugitive_n terrify_v at_o his_o diligence_n and_o sudden_a appearance_n dismiss_v their_o army_n after_o they_o be_v get_v near_o the_o frontier_n of_o macedon_n whereupon_o have_v notice_n that_o the_o dardanian_a army_n be_v break_v he_o dismiss_v the_o macedonian_n that_o be_v then_o with_o he_o to_o go_v and_o gather_v in_o their_o harvest_n pass_v himself_o into_o thessaly_n to_o spend_v the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o summer_n at_o larissa_n about_o the_o same_o time_n paulus_n aemilius_n triumph_v magnificent_o at_o rome_n for_o his_o victory_n over_o the_o illyrian_n and_o hannibal_n after_o take_v saguntum_n by_o storm_n march_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n the_o roman_n now_o assure_v of_o the_o loss_n of_o saguntum_n send_v ambassador_n to_o carthage_n to_o demand_v the_o deliver_v up_o of_o hannibal_n but_o do_v not_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n respite_v their_o preparation_n for_o the_o war_n have_v create_v publius_n cornelius_n scipio_n and_o tiberius_n sempronius_n consul_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o we_o have_v treat_v at_o large_a of_o these_o occurrence_n in_o our_o precede_a book_n we_o only_o give_v here_o this_o hint_n thereof_o a_o little_a to_o refresh_v the_o reader_n be_v memory_n and_o to_o the_o end_n contemporary_a affair_n may_v be_v the_o better_o understand_v and_o here_o we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o olympiad_n the_o aetolian_n have_v in_o their_o assembly_n create_v dorimachus_n praetor_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o seat_v in_o his_o authority_n when_o assemble_v their_o troop_n he_o lead_v they_o into_o the_o upper_a epirus_n where_o he_o act_v all_o the_o violence_n of_o war_n not_o so_o much_o now_o in_o prospect_n of_o profit_n to_o himself_o as_o in_o malice_n to_o the_o epirot_n and_o on_o his_o arrival_n near_o the_o temple_n of_o dodona_n he_o there_o burn_v and_o demolish_v all_o the_o portico_n spoil_v the_o ornament_n and_o destroy_v in_o short_a the_o temple_n itself_o thus_o the_o aetolian_n careless_a of_o what_o be_v practise_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n or_o war_n act_v such_o outrageous_a part_n in_o both_o peace_n and_o war_n as_o
make_v over_o the_o river_n alpheus_n whereby_o to_o facilitate_v his_o passage_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o tryphalians_n at_o the_o same_o time_n dorimachus_n praetor_n of_o the_o aetolian_n send_v six_o hundred_o of_o that_o nation_n under_o the_o command_n of_o phylidas_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o elean_n who_o have_v demand_v succour_n against_o those_o that_o waste_v their_o country_n phylidas_n on_o his_o arrival_n join_v five_o hundred_o mercenary_n to_o his_o own_o troop_n who_o be_v list_v into_o the_o aetolian_a pay_n and_o add_v to_o they_o a_o thousand_o of_o the_o city-band_n together_o with_o certain_a tarentines_n march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o tryphalians_n this_o country_n take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o arcadian_a boy_n call_v tryphalus_n it_o stand_v in_o the_o maritime_a part_n of_o peloponnesus_n between_o the_o elean_n and_o messenian_n look_v towards_o the_o lybian_a sea_n on_o the_o skirt_n of_o achaia_n towards_o the_o north-west_n the_o town_n of_o this_o country_n be_v samicum_n lepreum_n hypana_n typanaea_n pyrgus_n aepyum_n bolax_n styllagium_n and_o phryxa_n the_o elean_n have_v of_o late_a day_n subdue_v and_o reduce_v all_o these_o place_n to_o their_o obedience_n to_o which_o they_o add_v alipheraea_n heretofore_o a_o arcadian_a town_n and_o megalopolis_n itself_o by_o the_o procurement_n of_o alliadas_n while_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v in_o his_o hand_n which_o be_v negotiate_v by_o way_n of_o exchange_n for_o certain_a reason_n best_o know_v to_o he_o and_o the_o elean_n the_o king_n be_v now_o quit_v of_o his_o plunder_n and_o baggage_n pass_v the_o alpheus_n which_o run_v by_o the_o wall_n of_o heraea_n come_v to_o alipheraea_n this_o town_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o eminence_n which_o lie_v steep_a and_o slope_v every_o way_n be_v a_o ascent_n of_o above_o a_o mile_n to_o the_o top_n where_o stand_v a_o fortress_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o statue_n of_o brass_n of_o minerva_n famous_a for_o its_o magnitude_n and_o the_o excellence_n of_o the_o workmanship_n the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o can_v give_v no_o very_a clear_a account_n why_o it_o be_v there_o place_v nor_o at_o who_o charge_n it_o be_v do_v but_o as_o to_o the_o workman_n all_o conclude_v it_o to_o have_v be_v wrought_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o hecatodorus_n and_o sostratus_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o beautiful_a and_o finish_v piece_n they_o ever_o perform_v philip_n have_v order_v those_o who_o carry_v the_o scaling-ladder_n to_o be_v ready_a by_o daybreak_n at_o certain_a place_n assign_v they_o send_v his_o mercenary_n before_o and_o to_o sustain_v they_o a_o body_n of_o macedonian_n give_v they_o order_n to_o begin_v all_o together_o to_o mount_v the_o hill_n at_o the_o instant_a the_o sun_n appear_v above_o the_o horizon_n which_o direction_n be_v punctual_o and_o with_o great_a resolution_n observe_v by_o the_o macedonian_n those_o of_o the_o place_n hasten_v to_o that_o part_n where_o they_o see_v the_o macedonian_n in_o great_a number_n give_v the_o king_n opportunity_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o party_n of_o choose_a man_n to_o pass_v unobserved_a by_o those_o of_o the_o fortress_n over_o certain_a break_a ground_n full_a of_o rock_n and_o precipice_n from_o whence_o give_v the_o signal_n they_o approach_v with_o their_o ladder_n to_o mount_v the_o work_n philip_z himself_z first_o enters_z and_z takes_z possession_n of_o a_o unguarded_a part_n of_o the_o place_n which_o he_o immediate_o set_v in_o a_o flame_n whereupon_o those_o who_o be_v defend_v the_o wall_n behold_v all_o on_o fire_n terrify_v at_o the_o danger_n they_o see_v so_o near_o they_o and_o fear_v they_o shall_v lose_v the_o citadel_n which_o be_v their_o last_o refuge_n forthwith_o abandon_v the_o defence_n of_o their_o wall_n and_o hasten_v thither_o whereupon_o the_o macedonian_n become_v present_o master_n of_o the_o work_n and_o the_o town_n but_o those_o who_o be_v retreat_v to_o the_o citadel_n soon_o send_v to_o the_o king_n and_z on_o composition_n for_o their_o life_n yield_v it_o up_o this_o success_n spread_v fear_n throughout_o all_o the_o country_n of_o tryphalia_n and_o every_o one_o begin_v to_o deliberate_v how_o to_o preserve_v themselves_o and_o save_v their_o country_n as_o to_o phylidas_n he_o have_v quit_v typanaea_n and_o commit_v some_o spoil_n on_o the_o ally_n retire_v to_o lepreum_n for_o in_o those_o time_n the_o confederate_n of_o the_o aetolian_n be_v accustom_a though_o in_o amity_n not_o only_o to_o be_v by_o they_o desert_v in_o their_o great_a strait_n but_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v plunder_v and_o betray_v by_o they_o and_o endure_v at_o their_o hand_n who_o call_v they_o friend_n all_o the_o outrage_n that_o can_v be_v fear_v from_o a_o conquer_a enemy_n those_o of_o typanaea_n give_v up_o their_o city_n to_o king_n philip_n and_o the_o hypanaean_n follow_v their_o example_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o phialians_n have_v understand_v what_o pass_v in_o tryphalia_n detest_a the_o aetolian_a league_n resolute_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o palace_n where_o the_o polemarch_n or_o magistrate_n reside_v as_o to_o the_o aetolian_a pilferer_n who_o hold_v their_o abode_n at_o phialia_n with_o design_n to_o spoil_v from_o thence_o the_o land_n of_o the_o messenian_n and_o be_v at_o that_o time_n consult_v about_o enterprize_v something_o on_o the_o phialians_n themselves_o when_o they_o come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v determine_v to_o stand_v on_o their_o guard_n and_o repel_v force_n by_o force_n they_o thereupon_o change_v their_o purpose_n and_o after_o have_v take_v certain_a security_n of_o those_o of_o the_o town_n they_o march_v out_o with_o all_o their_o baggage_n whereupon_o the_o phialians_n dispatch_v their_o deputy_n to_o the_o king_n give_v their_o town_n and_o country_n up_o to_o his_o discretion_n during_o these_o transaction_n the_o lepreans_n seize_v a_o quarter_n of_o the_o town_n into_o their_o hand_n attempt_v to_o force_v out_o of_o the_o citadel_n the_o aetolian_n elean_n and_o the_o troop_n that_o have_v be_v send_v to_o their_o relief_n by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n but_o phylidas_n at_o first_o set_v light_n by_o this_o their_o attempt_n seem_v resolve_v to_o do_v his_o best_a to_o preserve_v the_o town_n in_o obedience_n and_o terrify_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o on_o philip_n send_v taurion_n with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n towards_o phialia_n and_o himself_o now_o draw_v near_o his_o courage_n begin_v to_o sink_v whereupon_o the_o lepreans_n grow_v more_o assure_v and_o do_v a_o action_n in_o that_o occasion_n very_o memorable_a for_o albeit_o there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o town_n a_o thousand_o elean_n five_o hundred_o aetolian_n and_o two_o hundred_o lacedaemonian_n and_o the_o citadel_n over_o and_o above_o in_o their_o hand_n they_o have_v nevertheless_o the_o resolution_n to_o enterprise_v the_o deliver_n of_o their_o country_n and_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o betray_v themselves_o by_o a_o slavish_a fear_n or_o submission_n wherefore_o phylidas_n perceive_v the_o citizen_n determination_n march_v together_o with_o the_o elean_n and_o lacedaemonian_n out_o of_o the_o town_n as_o to_o the_o cretan_n who_o have_v be_v send_v by_o the_o spartiatae_n they_o return_v by_o the_o way_n of_o messina_n to_o their_o own_o country_n and_o phylidas_n retreat_v to_o samicum_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o lepreans_n become_v master_n of_o their_o liberty_n they_o dispatch_v their_o deputy_n to_o philip_n to_o make_v tender_a of_o their_o city_n and_o put_v it_o into_o his_o hand_n after_o the_o king_n have_v give_v they_o audience_n he_o dispatch_v a_o part_n of_o his_o troop_n to_o leprea_n and_o continue_v his_o march_n with_o his_o bucklerman_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n be_v determine_v to_o attack_v phylidas_n who_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o all_o his_o plunder_n and_o baggage_n be_v as_o we_o say_v retreat_v to_o samicum_n whither_o the_o king_n speedy_o come_v and_o encamp_v in_o view_n of_o the_o place_n and_o send_v this_o order_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n to_o join_v he_o from_o leprea_n make_v countenance_n of_o resolve_v to_o besiege_v it_o whereupon_o the_o elean_n and_o aetolian_n who_o be_v unprovided_a for_o defence_n and_o have_v nothing_o but_o the_o bare_a wall_n to_o trust_v to_o begin_v to_o capitulate_v so_o it_o be_v agree_v they_o shall_v march_v out_o with_o their_o arm_n from_o whence_o they_o go_v to_o elea._n thus_o the_o king_n become_v master_n of_o samicum_n and_o now_o upon_o the_o supplication_n of_o the_o town_n round_o about_o he_o receive_v they_o all_o into_o his_o protection_n as_o namely_o phryxa_n styllagium_fw-la epia_n bolax_n pyrga_n and_o epitalia_n and_o so_o march_v back_o to_o leprea_n have_v in_o the_o space_n of_o six_o day_n compass_v the_o reduction_n of_o all_o tryphalia_n to_o his_o obedience_n after_o some_o conference_n with_o the_o lepreans_n suit_v the_o time_n and_o
thing_n i_o say_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a first_o to_o explain_v to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v avoid_v all_o danger_n of_o obscurity_n in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o our_o history_n and_o preserve_v the_o coherence_n and_o gradation_n of_o cause_n and_o thing_n unbroken_a it_o be_v likewise_o further_o necessary_a that_o we_o shall_v take_v our_o beginning_n from_o some_o certain_a and_o limit_a period_n of_o time_n know_v and_o remarkable_a to_o all_o and_o this_o will_v be_v find_v so_o very_o useful_a that_o matter_n will_v almost_o explain_v themselves_o when_o there_o shall_v be_v occasion_n to_o look_v back_o to_o renew_v in_o the_o mind_n the_o notice_n of_o what_o be_v past_a for_o where_o account_n be_v not_o found_v on_o plain_a and_o uncontroverted_a testimony_n we_o read_v without_o faith_n and_o determine_v of_o nothing_o whereas_o when_o the_o understanding_n be_v once_o set_v right_a and_o establish_v on_o the_o evidence_n of_o clear_a and_o unblemished_a ground_n we_o 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namely_o artemidorus_n and_o hieron_n who_o be_v
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