were so Elevated with the Hopes of shaking off the English Yoak neither of the two Kingdoms being now in a Capacity to Relieve Ireland that the Romish Clergy thundered out Excommunication against any that should Acquiesce in the said Peace and Agreement and with an Army of 17000 Horse and Hoot resolved to Besiege Dublin which so startled the Protestants that the Lord Lieutenant was obliged to Resume the former Treaty with the Parliaments Commissioners and the King finding that all his Secret Transactions with the Earl of Glamorgan were Discovered by the Letters taken at Nasâ—by Fight to the great Disgust of the People in general and that all the Assurance he had from the Lord Lieutenant and the Lord Digby were Disappointed by the Falsness and Treachery of the Rebels He though with much Reluctancy consented that all manner of Treaty with the Enemy should cease the Earl of Glamorgan being for a pretence Imprisoned the Lord Lieutenant being prest with the Danger of a Seige from the Roman Catholick Confederates in 1647. Delivered up Dublin to the Parliaments Commissioners he having Articled for his passing freely to the King on whom he waited while the Army carryed him about and afterwards put him to Death and from thence passed to France from whence about September 16â—8 The Cathedral Confederates dreading a Storm from England by Letters to the King had importuned him to send for the said Marquess of Ormond late Lord Lieutenant and ordered him to return again into Ireland upon their Ingagement and Protestation of Plenary Submission to his Majesties Authority and to him as his Lieutenant as being the only proper Person for that Imployment The Marquess accordingly undertook it and making an agreement with the Lord Inchequeen and his Forces and likewise with those of the Marquess of Clan-riccard and the Earl of Castlehaven and the Confederate Catholicks who had proclaimed the Nuncio's Party Rebels and Traytors being all joyned under his Command they designed to Reduce Dublin then possest by the Parliaments Forces but differences soon arose about the Exercise of the Popish Religion and upon points of Command whereby Owen O Neal that had a considerable Party of Irish was Disobliged who thereupon makes an agreement with Collonel Monk in the Name of the Parliament though they afterwards disclaimed it but acknowledged his Faithfulness and Well-meaning therein by a Vote of Parliament considering how odious it would be to have Assistance from Irish Rebels However he Aided them all he could and releived London-Derry then Besieged by the Confederate Forces At length the Marquess of Ormond comes before Dublin with his Army and obliges Collonel Jones the Governor who had drawn out some of the Garrison to interrupt them to retire into the City which was indifferently Fortified and plentifully Mann'd both with Horse and Foot and therefore he durst not venture his Army upon a Desparate Assault since the Garrisons of Drogheda and Trim lay so convenient to Attempt upon them Commanded by Collâ—nel Monk and O Neal So that the Marquess wanting Money and Provisions and the English and Irish Forces Murmuring against each other he was almost resolved to have Marched away but O Neals Party being soon after Defeated and a Convoy of Arms and Ammunition which were sent him by Collonel Monk being taken by the Lord Inchequeen Drogheda was Surrendred together with Dundalk the Garrison Compelling Collonel Monk to deliver it and the Souldiers took up Arms for the King the Garrison of Trim was soon after taken from the Parliament after which the Lord Inchequeen brings up his Forces now much increased to Assist the Marquess at the Siege of Dublin who Designed to shut up the Garrison within their works and hinder them from getting Forrage or to graze their Cattel without the Line which was drawn round the Town The Besieged perceiving the Danger of being thus closely confined whereby they would have been prevented of all Succour both from Land and Sea and knowing the Marquesss want of Horse to Guard the New Forts resolved by a desperate Sally to disturb them which they made accordingly Aug. 2. 1649. about 8 in the Morning with 1200 Foot and 4000 Horse and finding the New Fortification slight and the Resistance weak they soon were Masters of it from whence seeing the Irish fly in great Disorder they contrary to the first intentions pursued the Besiegers even to the Avenues of their Camp and being Animated by Collonel Jones their Governor who had newly received a Supply of 3000 Men from England they fell with such fury upon the whole Army at Rachmines consisting of 19000 Men that in a short time they put them to the Rout killing 4000 on the place and making 2517 Prisoners many of them Persons of quality taking all their Cannon and a Rich Camp to reward the Souldiers Most of the Lord Inchequeens Foot that at first made some Resistance seeing the Day lost changed sides and joyned with the Parliaments Forces All this was done in so short a space and with so little noise that the Lord Dillon and the rest of the Marquess's Forces on the other side the River Liffy knew nothing of it till some run-aways brought the News the Irish making such hast home in so pannick a fear that the Lord Lieutenant could not possibly rally them and therefore fled with a considerable Perty to Kilkenny and there endeavoured to draw together as many of his Dispersed Troops as possible with which he speeds away to Trim and Drogheda where he had notice that Oliver Cromwell the Parliaments General was Landed with considerable Forces upon on which he put a Garrison of 300 Horse and 2500 Foot into Drogheda which was thought sufficient and having furnisht it with what Provisions he was able and made Sir Arthur Aston Governor went from thence to Trim and Terrogan About this time London-Derry possest by the Parliament and Besieged by Ormonds Forces was relieved and the Siege Raised and not long after a Ship from Spain brought the Plague into Galloway whereof a great number of the Irish dyed Cromwell having refresht his Men at Dublin Marches to Besiege Drogheda and made himself Master of it in a little time after a stout Resistance from the Garrison putting most of the Officers and every Tenth Souldier to the Sword to terrifie others from making Opposition against his Victorious Arms Sir Arthur Afton and several other principal Officers and Gentlemen with near 3000 Souldiers being Slain after this Cromwell Besieges the Town of Wexford and soon reduced it even before the Lord Lieutenants Eyes with the loss of 2000 of the Irish upon this the Marquess makes an Agreement with Owen O Neal whereby the Ulster Army were to joyn with his under the Command of Luke Taaf who was made Governor of Ross but soon forced to surrender it to General Cromwell after which the Garrisons of Bandon-Bridge Yough-Hall Cork Kingsale and all the English Towns in Munster declared for the Parliament and Cromwell marched to
Voted the Restoration of K. Charles II. and upon notice thereof the like was done in Ireland and several of the most Eminent of that Nation were upon the Kings Arrival at White Hall sent by the Convention to wait upon him in the Name of that Kingdom with a tender of their Allegiance and a Present of 4000 l. to the Duke of York and soon after the King was proclaimed and universally acknowledged throughout the Kingdom But it was not long ere the great Inclinations to the Popish Partie in Ireland were made apparent in the Court of England and several Disputes arose about the Settlement of that Kingdom which were Debated before the King and Council where the Lord Chief Justice Santry in an Excellent Speech Represented to the Board the Horrid Rebellion of 1641. with the Barbarous and Inhuman Massacres which he had been eye witness of In Opposition to which Sir Nich. Plunchel one of the Popes Knights endeavoured to defend the Irish but so weakly having a bad Cause to Manage that the Lord Santry clearly carryed the point in the Judgment of the Auditors he desiring that they might be Tryed by the Common Law where they would meet with a fair and indifferent Tryal by Juties of their Neighbours and thereby could have no wrong done them But the King having Dissolved the Convention and called a Parliament in Ireland he prevailed so much upon them that an Act of Settlement was pressed and a Court of Claims thereby erected who were to Determine all Differences between the English and Irish Proprietars of the Lands there and to declare who were Nocent and who Innocent Papists These Commissioners being Nominated by the King he had so great an influence over them that they commonly gave their Opinions according to his Direction which was oftentimes very favourable to the Irish Rebels particularly in the Case of the Earl of Antrim one of the chief of them as by the following Letter to 〈◊〉 of Ormond then Lord Lieutenant and the Privy Council there doth appear CHARLES R. RIght Trusty and well beloved Cousins and Counsellors c. We greet you well How far we have been from interposing on the behalf of any of our Irish Subjects who by their miscarriages in the late Rebellion in that Kingdom of Ireland had made themselves unworthy of our Grace and Protection is notorious to all Men and we were so jealous in that particular that shortly after our return into this our Kingdom when the Marquess of Antrim came hither to present his Duty to us upon the Information we received from those Persons who then attended us by a Deputation from our Kingdom of Ireland or from those who at that time owned our Authority there that the Marquess of Antrim had so misbehaved himself towards us and our late Royal Father of Blessed Memory that he was in no degree worthy of the least Countenance from us and that they had manifest and unquestionable Evidence of such his Guilt Whereupon we refuse to admit the said Marquess so much as into our Presence but on the contrary committed him Prisoner to our Tower of London where after he had continued several Months under a strict restraint upon the continued Information of the said Persons we sent him into Ireland without interposing the least on his behalf but left him to undergo such a Trial and Punishment as by the Justice of that our Kingdom should be found due to his Crime expecting still that some heinous Matter would be objected and proved against him to make him uncapable and to deprive him of that Favour and Protection from us which we know his former Actions and Services had Meritest After many Months attendance there and wâ—presume after such Examinations as were requisite he was at last dismissed without any Censure and without any transmission of Charge against him to us and with a Licence to Transport himself into this Kingdom We concluded that it was then time to give him some instance of our Favour and to remember the many Services he had done and the Sufferings he had undergone for his Affections and Fidelity to our Royal Father and our Self and that it was time to redeem him from those Calamities which yet do lye as heavy upon him fince as before our happy Return And thereupon we recommended him to you our Lieutenant that you should move our Council there for preparing a Bill to be Transmitted to us for the Re-investing him the said Marquess in the possession of his Estate in that our Kingdom as had been done in some other Cases To which Letter you our said Lieutenant returned us answer That you had informed our Council of that our Letter and that you were upon consideration thereof unanimously of Opinion that such a Bill ought not to be transmitted to us the Reason whereof would forthwith be presented to us from our Council After which time we received the inclosed Petition from the said Marquess which we referred to the Considerations and Examinations of the Lords of our Privy Council whose Names are mentioned in that our Reference which is annexed to the said Petition who thereupon met together and after having heard the Marquess of Antrim did not think to make any Report to us till they might see and understand the Reasons which induced you not to transmit the Bill we had proposed which Letter was not then come to our Hands After which time we have received your Letter of the 18th of March together with several Petitions which had been presented to you as well from the Old Soldiers and Adventurers as from the Lady Marchioness of Antrim all which we likewise transmitted to the Lords Referees Upon a second Petition presented to us by Lord Marquess which is here likewise enclosed commanding our said Referees to take the same into their serious consideration and to hear what the Petitioner had to offer in his own Vindication and to report the whole matter to us upon a third Petition herein likewise inclosed we required them to expedite with what speed they could By which deliberate Proceedings of ours you cannot but observe that no Importunity how just soever could prevail with us to bring our self to a Judgment in this Affair without very ample Information Our said Referees after several Meetings and perusal of what had been offered to them by the said Marquess have reported unto us That they have seen several Letters all of them the Hand-writing of our Royal Father to the said Marquess and several Instructions concerning his Treating and Joining with the Irish in order to the King's Service by reducing to their Obedience and by drawing some Forces from them for the Service of Scotland That besides the Letters and Orders under his Majesty's Hand they have received sufficient Evidence and Testimony of several private Messages and Directions sent from our Royal Father and from our Royal Mother with the Privity and with the Directions of the King our Father by which they
are perswaded that whatever Intelligence Correspondence or Actings the said Marquess had with the Confederate Irish Catholicks was directed or allowed by the said Letters Instructions and Directions and that it manifestly appears to them that THE KING OUR FATHER WAS WELL PLEASED WITH WHAT THE MARQUESS DID AFTER HE HAD DONE IT AND APPROVED THE SAME This being the true State of the Marquess his Case and there being nothing proved upon the first Information against him nor any thing contained against him in your Letter of March 18 but that you were informed he had put in his Claim before the Commissioners appointed for executing the Act of Settlement and that if his Innocency be such as is alledged there is no need of Transmitting such a Bill to us as is desired and that if he be Nocent it consists not with the Duty which you owe to us to transmit such a Bill as if it should pass into a Law must needs draw a great prejudice upon so many Adventurers and Soldiers which are as is alledged to be therein concerned We have considered of the Petition of the Adventurers and Souldiers which was transmitted to us by you the Equity of which consists in nothing but that they have been peaceably in Possession for the space of seven or eight Years of those Lands which were formerly the Estate of the Marquess of Antrim and others who were all engaged in the late Irish Rebellion and that they shall suffer very much and be ruined if those Lands should be taken from them And we have likewise considered another Petition from several Citizens of London near sixty in number directed to our self wherein they desire that the Marquess his Estate may be made liable to the payment of his just Debts that so they may not be ruined 〈◊〉 the Favour of the present Possessors who they say are but a few Citizens and Soldiers who have disbursed very small Surns thereon Upon the whole matter no Man can think we are less engaged by our Declaration and by the Act of Settlement to protect those who are Innocent and who have faithfully endeavoured to serve the Crown how unfortunate soever than to expose to Justice those who have been really and maliciously Guilty And therefore we cannot in Justice but upon the Petition of the Marquess of Antrim and after the serious and strict Inquisition into his Actions declare unto you That WE DO FIND HIM INNOCENT FROM ANY MALICE OR REBELLIOUS PURPOSE AGAINST THE CROWN and that what he did by way of Correspondence or Compliance with the Irish Rebels was in order to the Service of our Royal Father and warranted by his Instructions and the Trust reposed in him and that the Benefit thereof accrued to the Service of the Crown and not to the particular Advantage and Benefit of the Marquess And as we cannot in Justice deny him this Testimony so we require you to transmit our Letter to our Commissioners that they may know our Judgment in this Case of the Lord of Antrim and proceed accordingly And so we bid you heartily farewel Given at our Court at White-Hall July 10. in the 15th Year of our Reign 1663. By his Majesty's Command HENRY BENNET To our Right Trusty and Right intirely well-beloved Cousin and Counsellor James D. of Ormond our Lieutenant General and General Governour of our Kingdom of Ireland and to the Lords of our Council of that our Kingdom Entred at the Signet Office July 13 1663 Soon after the following Answer of the D. of Ormond and the Irish Privy Council to the foregoing 〈◊〉 was sent to Sir Henry Bennet Principal Secretary of State On the 20. I the Lord Lieutenant received His Majesty's Letter of July 10. concerning the Marquess of Antrim which I imparted to the Council upon reading whereof at this Board we observing that though in several other matters relating to the proceedings of His Majesty's Commissioners appointed for executing the Act of Settlement his Majesty vouchsafed to direct this Letter to the Commissioners Yet that those Letters concerning the Marquess of Antrim are directed to us the Lieutenant and Council requiring us to Transmit the same to the Commissioners that they may know His Majesties Judgment in the Case of the Lord Antrim as it stands stated in those His Majesties Letters and proceed accordingly We hence gathered that His Majesty did judge it fit that those His Letters for the Marquess of Antrim should be directed to us to the end that if we his Majesties Servants here upon the place should find more in the Marquess of Antrims Case than are in those Letters taken notice of either in relation to his Majesty or his Affairs then in such Case we might Humbly Represent the same to His Majesty And as it was the Use and Custom here in former Times and particularly in the Times of his Majesty's Royal Father of Blessed Memory That if any Directions came from the King which in the Execution thereof might occasion inconveniencies to his Majesties Service the same was stay'd until the matter was by the Chief Governor here Humbly Represented to the King So it is also agreeable to his Majesties Instructions to me the Lord Lieutenant particularly in things relating to his Majesty's Revenue which likewise is the present Case For his Majesties Revenues are like to be hereby much lessened and moreover it is agreeable likewise with his now Majesties gracious pleasure signified thither by the Lords of His Majesties most Honourable Privy Council by their Letters of Aug. 12. 1661. directed to the late Justices and Council wherein it was declared That his Majesty and the Lords of the most Honourable Privy Council were well assured of a Demur the said Justices and Council had made upon Letters from His Majesty and their Forbearance to proceed thereupon till they should receive His Majesties further pleasure And therefore upon full consideration thereof had at this Board we humbly conceive that it is our Duty to His Majesty to defer for some time the Transmitting the said Letters to the said Commissioners till we shall have Represented to His Majesty that which appears to us here which it seems was not made known to His Majesty or those Lords of the Privy Council to whose consideration his Majesty refer'd the Marquess of Antrims Petitions mentioned in his Majesties Letters We observe that his Majesties said Letters seem to be grounded on these particulars 1. That after many Months Attendance here and as his Majesty is pleased to declare that he presumes that after such examinations as were requisite the Marquess of Antrim was dismissed hence without any Censure and without Transmitting any Charge against him to his Majesty and nothing proved against him on the first Information nor any thing contained against him in our Letters of March 18. 2. The Report made by these Lords of His Majesties most Honourable Privy Council to whom his Majesty refer'd the Consideration of the Lord of Antrims Petitions 3. That the Marquesses
pay tribute whereupon the Deputy caused him to be taken and tried by a Jury of Common Souldiers and then to be hanged up dividing his lands between some of the Mahons and the English Then Brian O Roch fearing he should be served in the same manner raised a Rebellion and being defeated fled into Scotland but at the Queens request was delivered up and was arraigned at Westminster for dragging the Queens Picture at an Horse-tail and for giving the Spaniards entertainment which being told him by an Interpreter for he could speak no English he said he would not be tryed unless the Queen her self were Judge but being informed this was the Law he only said ' If it must be so it must be so and was condemned and executed at Tyburn which he valued as little as if all had been in Jest In 1596 Tyrone with considerable forces raised a Rebellion and was proclaimed Traytor after which he gave the English a great defeat whereupon all Ulster Munster and Connaught were in Arms against the English at length the Earl of Essex was sent against him who instead of fighting made a Truce with him But afterwards the English so prevailed that Tyrone finding his condition desperate resolved to throw himself upon the Queens mercy without Conditions hereupon being admitted to the presence of the Deputy at the very entry of the Room he fell on his Knees begging pardon for his great fault against God and a most bountiful Prince the next day the Deputy took him along with him to Dublin intending to send him to England but before he could come thither the Queen died In King James his Reign Tyrone and all his adherents absolutely submitted to his Majesties pleasure who by an Act of Oblivion published by Proclamation under the Great Seal did forgive and utterly extinguish all offences against the Crown and all particular Trespasses between Subject and Subject to all who would come into the Justice of Assize by such a day and claim the benefit thereof by which all the Irishry who in former times were generally left under the Tyranny of their Lords Cheiftains and had no defence nor justice from the Crown were now received into his Majesties immediate protection The publick peace being thus established publick Justice was next setled by dividing all Ireland into shires and erecting Circuits in every Province and governing all things therein according to the Laws of England and lastly the Estates and possessions of the English as well as Irish were setled throughout the Kingdom to the great comfort and security of all men and thereupon ensued the calmest and most universal peace for above forty years that ever was seen in Ireland Yet the foundation thereof was not so strongly laid but it received a shake by the first Storm that threatned England For being ingaged in a War with France and Spain about the beginning of the Reign of King Charles the I. 1627. there was occasion for sending some additional Forces into Ireland for the security thereof upon which a Proposition was made to the chief of the Irish Nation by the Lord Deputy Falkland for contributing a competent sum of money toward the maintenance of those Forces to be established by the way of a standing Army to which they would not condescend without a Toleration of Religion first obtained though Arch-bishop Usher then Lord Primate of all Ireland in a great Assembly of Irish and English at Dublin used many cogent Arguments to persuade them to it and among others That their being Romanists would not exempt them the more from the danger of a Common Enemy as they might conjecture from the answer which the Duke of Medina Sidonia gave in this case in 1588. That his Sword knew no difference between a Catholick and an Heretick but that he came to make way for his Master Divers other notable instances he gave whereby he prophetically intimated what afterward fell upon Ireland in 1641. when above one hundred and fifty thousand Brittish Planters were most inhumanely massacred by the outragious Irish without the least provocation given to prepetrate such wicked and unparallell'd acts of Barbarism But before I proceed to give an account of that dismal Tragedy I will make some brief deduction of some former Transactions in this Kingdom and discover the beginnings and progress of the General Rebellion in 1641. Ireland for near five hundred years has continued under the Soveraignty of the Crown of England and presently after its first Conquest was planted with English Colonies long since worn out or generally become Irish and therefore hath in this last age been supplied with great numbers of People from England and Scotland to settle there The Irish as we have related want not many Fabulous inventions to magnifie the Original of their Nation but whether the Scythians Gauls Africans Goths or some other Eastern Nations that antiently inhabited Spain came and sate down there is very uncertain yet their Manners Customs words names and still retained Ceremonies seem very much to demonstrate their first rise from some of those People For it may be conjectured that as the Eastern Parts of Ireland bordering upon England were first planted by the old Brittains several of their words being still in use and as the Northern Parts were first inhabited by the Scythians from whom it was called Scyteland or Scotland So the South and more Western Ports thereof were peopled by the Maritime Parts of Spain being the next Continent not by the present Spanish Nation who are now a different mixture of People but it is probable by the Gauls who anciently inhabited all the Sea-coasts of Spain The whole Kingdom of Ireland was divided into five principal Cheiftains or Commanders that is Macmorough of Leinster Mac-cartye of Munster O Neal of Ulster O Connor of Connaught and O Malaghlin of Meath who were called Kings but as they had neither Hereditary Right nor Lawful Election so they were neither Anointed nor Crowned but made their way by the Sword and were invested with certain Barbarous Ceremonies and ruled with all manner of Tyranny the People being absolute slaves to all the savage Customs practised under their Dominion which continued till the reign of Henry II. King of England in whose time the undertaking for the Conquest of Ireland was very Successful being made by most Powerful though private Adventurers upon this occasion Dormet Mac-Morough King of Leinster being forced to fly his Countrey by the Kings of Conaught and Meath repaired to King Heary then personally attending his Wars in France and earnestly implored his Aid for recovering his Territories most Injuriously as he pretended taken from him The King refused to imbark in the quarrel yet graciously Recommended the Justice of his Cause to all his Loving Subjects and assured them that whoever would Assist Dermot should have free Liberty to Transport their Forces and be held to do very acceptable Service therein Whereupon Strangebow Earl of Pembroke resolved as a private
afforded none at all for a long time though the Fryars in their white Habits went in Solemn Procession and threw Holy Water therein It would be almost endless to give a particular account of all the Detestable Cruelties and Murders acted by these incarnate Devils upon the Innocent English of whom they destroyed near three Hundred Thousand in a few Months being chiefly Animated thereto by their Villainous Priests upon the account of their Religion and therefore they often declared their Despight to the Bible as being directly contrary to their Cursed Principles and Practices In one place they burnt two English Bibles saying It was Hell Fire they burnt They laid another in a puddle of Water and then stamping on it said a Plague on it This Bible hath bred all the quarrel A Rebel perswaded a Man and his Wife to joyn with them in the Massacre who protested that rather than they would forsake their Religion they would dye upon the Sword 's point he would then have had the Woman burn her Bible but she refused saying she would rather dye than do it Whereupon they were both cruelly Murthered they Murthered Mr. Bingham a Famous Minister and cutting off his Head put a Gag in his Mouth and laying the leaf of a Bible before him bid him Preach saying his Mouth was open and wide enough During these horrid Barbarities there were several Indications of Divine Displeasure apparent in divers places the truth of which was sworn to and affirmed by Witnesses of Credit and Reputation As in the Province of Munster near the Silver Works where while the Rebels were Massacring a great number of Protestant Men Women and Children on the Lords Day Afternoon a most Loud and Dreadful Noise and Storm of Thunder Lightning Wind Hailstones and Rain happened though it was fair all the Day before which much affrighted the Murtherers themselves who confess it to be a sign of Gods Anger against them for their Bloody Cruelty At Portnedown Bridge where so many thousand Protestants were drowned the remaining Inhabitants were so Terrified with the noise of Spirits and Visions for Revenge that they durst not continue thereabout and some of the Rebels themselves said to others that the Blood of some of those that were knockt on the Head and afterward drowned in this River remained on the Bridge and could not be washt away There appeared sometimes Men sometimes Women Breast high in the River with Hands lifted up crying out with fearful Schreicks and Voices Revenge Revenge Revenge and it was not long ere Divine Justice overtook them Many thousands of the most Notorious Murtherers who perished by the Sword and Plague that followed it so that it was computed that in a few years scarce any of these Miscreants remained alive but were sent to their own place to give an account of their Tremendous Brutalities The King having made a Truce with the Scots who were entred with an Army into England to demand the Redress of their Grievances and the Forces on both sides being Disbanded he made a Journey into Scotland in the beginning of August 1641. and continued there till the latter end of October when this Horrid Rebellion happened Owen O Covally the first Discoverer of the Plot brought the first Letters to London and received as a Reward 500 l. in Money and an Annuity of 200 l. a year and presently the Parliament provided for the Relief of Ireland and the Lords of the Council and the Lords Justices there had with the Arms that were in Dublin Armed many well-affected Gentlemen and several Active Commanders were sent out of the City to defend the adjoyning Places from the Approach of the Rebels at which time the Parliament sent over Twenty Thousand Pounds for a present supply but could not relieve them with any Forces till December following when Sir Simon Harcourt Arrived with Seasonable Supplies of men and money and Raised the Seige of Drogheda which had been much straitned by Sir Phelim O Neal and the Rebels and the English recovered Dundalk Neury and several other Towns and Castles out of their Hands But though the Rebellion brake out in October 23. Yet the King who was now returned from Scotland did not proclaim them Rebels till Jan. 1. following and then gave strict Command that only 40 Proclamations should be printed and that none of them should be Published without the Kings Express Order which the Parliament among other things afterwards Taxed him with Who Replyed thereto That he was unwilling to make the Irish Desperate and utterly undoe his Protestant Subjects who were then too weak to withstand so Potent a Rebellion and that the Lords Justices of Ireland required only 20 as many of themselves well knew Yet this proceeding unhappily increased the Jealousies that began to arise between the King and his English Parliament because it was publickly discourst that it had not been done at all but that some Worthy Protestant Lords had earnestly advised him to proclaim them speedily that a better course might be taken against them and to wash off that foul Stain from himself by prosecuting severely those wicked Villains who reported every where That they had Authority from the King to Seise upon the Holds of the English Protestants that they were the Queens Souldiers and rise to maintain the Kings Prerogative against the Puritan Parliament of England That they told the poor Protestants it was for no purpose to fly for safety into England for that Kingdom would be as much distrest as theirs and that the King intended to forsake his Parliament in England and make War against them and that then they would come over having done their their Work in Ireland and help the King against his English Parliament The Lords therefore advised him by all means to purge himself of these Accusations than which there could not be greater on Earth Soon after the Earl of Leicester was made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland the Earl of Strafford being Beheaded some time before at Tower Hill But the Relief of that Bleeding Kingdom was much obstructed by the wide Breaches which daily happened between the King and the Parliament particularly upon his going Jan. 4. Attended with 300 Armed Gentlemen into the H. of Commons and Demanding 5 Members to be delivered him which the Parliament declared to be An High Breach of their Priviledges a great Scandal to the King and his Government a Seditious Act manifestly tending to the Subversion of the Peace and an Injury and Dishonour to the said Members there being no Legal charge or accusation against them and that there could be no Vindication of those Priviledges unless his Majesty would discover the Names of those who advised him to such unlawful Courses After this the Parliament considered of a Bill for Pressing Souldiers to be sent out of Scotland to Ireland as being near but the King excepted against it while it lay in the House of Lords as a Diminution to his Prerogative Whereupon the Parliament in
their Petition to him Asserted That the King by taking notice of a Bill while in Debate in the House of Lords had broken the Fundamental Priviledge of Parliament which he ought not to do concerning any Bill till it be presented to him in due course of Parliament and desired Reparation They then desired that an Army of Scots should be sent thither and that they should have the keeping of the Town and Castle of Carick-fergus but the King said that he doubted this might be to the Damage of England The Scots Commissioners replyed That they were sorry his Majesty being their Native King should repose less Trust in them than their Naighbouring Nation had freely done So that at length this was granted It was thought to be the most Feasible way for Reducing Ireland that proportions of Land there should be shared among English Adventurers proportional to those Sums of Money they should Subscribe that so whosoever in Person or Purse should assist in Conquering the Bloody Rebels might be Recompensed if the Work were done and Propositions were framed in Parliament to that purpose which the King confirmed Though at first he laught at them and was heard to say That they were like to him who Sold the Bears Skin before the Bear was killed At length an Act was passed for impowring the Parliament to carry on that War till Ireland should be declared wholy Subdued and that no Peace nor Cessation of Arms should ever be made with the Rebels without consent of both Houses of Parliament The King then offered to go in Person thither but the Parliament thought it not fit to hazard his Person in such an Expedition The Queen about February went to Holland carrying with her most of the Crown Jewels which she had pledged for Money and Arms for the King her Husband and for which she was afterwards voted a Traytor by the Parliament the King having taken leave of her at Dover went with the Prince and Duke of York to Theobalds and from thence to Newmarket where both Houses Presented him a Declaration sent by two Lords in which they Repeat the old Grievances the War of Scotland the Rebellion in Ireland his entring the House of Commons his causless fear of Residing near London to the perplexing of the Kingdom the hindring the Relief of Ireland and incouraging the ill affected Party in the Kingdom To which the King answered with great Indignation extenuating some things and excusing others accusing them for raising needless Fears and Jealousies After which the King passed farther North to York upon which the Parliament voted That the Kings Absence so far Remote from his Parliament is not only an Obstruction but may be a Destruction to the Affairs of Ireland That when the Lords and Commons in Parliament shall declare what the Law of the Land is to have this not only questioned and controverted but contradicted and a command that it should not be obeyed is an High Breach of the Priviledge of Parliament That they which advise the K. to absent himself from his Parliament are Enemies to the Peace of this Kingdom and justly to be suspected as Favourers of the Rebellion in Ireland From York the King sent a Message to the Parliament April 8. 1642. That he would go in Person over to Ireland against those Bloody Rebels and intended to raise a Guard for his Person in Cheshire to carry thither of 2000 Foot and 100 Horse whom he would Arm from his Magazine of Hull But the Parliament having Intimation that the K. designed to Seise that Magazine to Arm himself against them sent Sir John Hotham thither who refused to admit him Entrance upon which the K. Proclaimed him Traytor and complained to the Parliament of the Affront who endeavoured to appease him but justified Hothams Act and declared that the Proclaiming him Traytor without process of Law was against the Liberty of the Subject and Laws of the Land The King daily Summoned the Gentry of the Northern Counties to attend him all York as a Guard for his Person which he declared was in danger from the Parliament who thereupon declared That it appears that the King Seduced by wicked Counsel intends to make a War against the Parliament who in all their Consultations and Actions have proposed no other end to themselves but the Care of his Kingdoms and the performance of all Duty and Loyalty to his Person That whensoever the King maketh War upon the Parliament it is a breach of the Trust Reposed in him by his People contrary to his Oath and tending to the Dissolution of the Government That whosoever shall Serve and Assist him in such Wars are Traytors by the Fundamental Laws of this Kingdom and have been so adjudged by two Acts of Parliament 11 Rich. II. and 1 Henry IV. and that such Persons ought to suffer as Traytors the King Justified himself in his Declarations and Proclamations against the Parliament which daily encountred each other So that all things tended to an absolute Rupture and presaged the Calamities of the Civil War which soon after followed For both sides flying to Arms and the Nation being divided into Parties several bloody Battels were fought and the whole Kingdom was in a Flame In 1643. The Parliament of England invited the Scots to come in to their Assistance with an Army of 21000. Horse and Foot ingaging to pay them an Hundred Thousand pound towards the Charge of Raising them On the other side the King to withdraw the Protestant Army out of Ireland for Aiding him against the Scots concluded a Cessation of Arms for a year with those Rebels and 3000 of the English Army were Imbarqued from thence to joyn with the King This Cessation was much complained of by the Parliament since it was not only for the benefit of the Irish Rebels who gave him 3000 l. for the Favour but also directly contrary to the Act which the King hath lately Signed That no Cessation should be made without the consent of both Houses Thus was Assistance brought to either side and that English Army which for almost a year had fought Valiantly and Victoriously against those Rebels was now brought over to fight against the Parliament of England The War still continued with much Vigor and great Slaughter was made throughout the Kingdom yet in the midst thereof some Glimmerings of Peace began to appear for in 1644. Conditions were proposed both by the King and Parliament and a Treaty began at Uxbridge between Commissioners from both Parties during which the care of the War was not neglected on either side the King endeavouring to bring over some Forces from the Duke of Lorrain and some Irish to his Assistance and by his Letters to the Lord Lieutenant to make a Peace with the Rebels or at least to continue the Cessation for a year and to promise and grant them the free Exercise of the Romish Religion assuring them that if by their Assistance he could but finish his War in
England he would Abrogate those Laws made against the Papists there He gave thanks likewise to Muskeny Plumket and others of that party promising a Pardon for all that was past But they were much troubled at the Treaty of Peace with the Parliament being sensible that one necessary condition thereof must be the Vigorous Prosecution of the War in Ireland The King to remove this fear writ to the Lord Lieutenant that he could not refuse to make a Peace with his Parliament only upon the account of those Irish it being a point not Popular Yet from that consideration the Lieutenant might raise an Advantage to hasten a Peace with them it letting them know their own Danger by being Excluded from all Hope of Pardon from the Parliament For saith he if we agree upon all other conditions it will not be convenient for me to disagree only concerning those Irish Therefore let them take what I offer while time is and hasten the Peace and when once my Faith is passed no Human force shall make me break it The Queen also being then in France writing to her Husband seemed to grieve much that at Uxbridge they were to Treat of Religion in the first place assuring him That if any thing severe against the Catholicks should be concluded and yet a â—eace not be made the King could not hope for any Assistance from the Catholick Princes or from the Irish who must needs think that after they had done their best they should at last be forsaken And often intreats the King that he would never forsake the Catholicks who had faithfully served him in the Wars c. The Commissioners met at Uxbridge but nothing at all was concluded at that Treaty so that the War must decide it in pursuance whereof both Parties strengthen themselves with fresh Forces and the Kings Army was very formidable but not content with so great a power of English Souldiers he seemed more earnest than before to get over the Irish he had committed the Business to Ormond to make an Absolute Peace but perceiving their Demands were too High so that nothing was effected he now imployed the Earl of Clamorgan Son to the Marquess of Worcester a zealous Papist and therefore more acceptable with the Rebels giving him full power to make a Peace and indulge to the Irish whatever might seem needful and this was Transacted so secretly that both the Lord Lieutenant Ormond and the Lord Digby Secretary of Ireland were ignorant thereof till it was afterward Discovered and made publick But the King finding it difficult to make such a Peace as would bring him certain Assistance otherwise that he might throw all that Envy upon Glamorgan impowred him unknown to the rest For so the Rebels sweetned with large promises unknown to Ormond might the better admit of Conditions just in shew and openly excusable and the King might draw from Ireland such Souldiers as would more firmly adhere to his side and whom he might trust as being the greatest haters of the English Protestants and dispairing of Pardon against the Parliament of England He therefore gave Letters of Authority to Glamorgan in these words Charles by the Grace of God King of England c. Defender of the Faith to our Trusty and well beloved Cosen Edward Earl of Glamorgan Greeting Being confident of your Wisdom and Fidelity We do by these Letters as if under our Great Seal grant unto you full power and authority to Treat with the Confederate Roman Catholicks in Ireland and to indulge them all those things which necessity shall require and which we cannot so Comodiously do by our Lieutenant nor our self publickly own at present Therefore We Command that you do this Businese with as much Secrecy as can be Whatsoever you shall think fit to be promised in my Name that I do attest upon the word of a King and a Christian to grant to those Confederate Catholicks who by their Assistance have abundantly shewed their zeal to us and our Cause Given at Oxford under our Royal Seal March 12. and 20 year of our Reign In pursuance of these Powers the Earl of Glamorgan assured the King He would Land 6000 Irish Papists in May following in Wales and with the Transport Ships block up Melford Haven having already to advance the same thirty thousand pound in Money 1000 Musquets 2000 Case of Pistols 800. Barrels of Powder besides his own Artillery and a certainty of 30000 l. more The K. likewise obliged the Earl of Antrim to joyn with the Marquess of Montross then in Arms in Scotland who ingaged to send 10000 Irish thither from Ireland where the passage was shortestito assist him but was very deficient therein being scarce able to send 1200 thither In 1644. the Parliament ordered the Arraignment of the Lord Macguire and Collonel Mahon who were Seised at Dublin the Night before the Discovery of the Rebellion there and had been in the Town ever since They were now brought to their Tryal at the Kings Bench Bar at Westminster where Macguire insisted much upon his Peerage but was over ruled and both found Guilty of High Treason by a Jury of Middlesex Gentlemen and executed at Tyburn In 1646. the Lord Lieutenant endeavoured to make the Cessation with the Irish a kind of a Peace which they condescended to upon the following Propositions 1. That the Exercise of the Roman Catholick Religion should be in Dublin and Drogheda and in the Kingdom of Ireland as free as in Paris and Brussels 2. That the Privy Council of Ireland consist of Members True and Faithful to his Majesty and who have been Enemies to the Parliament 3. That Dublin Drogheda Trim Newry Cathirly Carlingford and all Protestant Garrisons be Manned by the Confederate Catholicks to keep the same for the use of the King and Defence of the Kingdom 4. That the said Councellors Generals Commanders and Souldiers do Swear and Ingage to fight against the Parliament of England and all the Kings Enemies and that they will never come to any Agreement with them to the prejudice of His Majesties Rights and and the Kingdoms 5. That both Parties according to their Oath of Association shall to the best of their power and cunning defend the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom the Kings Rights and Liberties of the Subject This Peace was kept by some of the moderate Papists but was ill Resented both by the Parliament of England and the Popes Nuncio who infiuenced the most Serious Papists To put a stop to which the Parliament sent 2000 Men from Chester under Colonel George Monk with 3 Commissioners to the Lord Lieutenant at Dublin who refused to Deliver the City to them without the Kings Command So that after having Treated the Commissioners the English Forces were again Imbarqued and Landed at Belfast in Ireland whereby they did very good Service against O Neal and his Fellow Rebels who had of late been too Successful against the Protestants On the other side the Nuncio's Party
Case as it stands flated in those Letters is the true State of his his Case As to the first we find that the Lords of his Majesties Privy Council by their Letters of Dec. 19. 1660. directed to the Justices of this Kingdom signified that the Marquess of Antrim then Prisoner in the Tower of London Petitioned His Majesty to be heard as to his being Criminal in the Aspersing the Memory of the late King our Soveraign and their Lordships by these Letters required the Justices with all convenient speed to send their Lordships Authentick Copies of all Papers whatsoever under his own Hand or any other which may any way relate to the said Marquess his being guilty of so foul a Crime as the Defaming his late Majesty and that the Justices should cause all such Witnesses reside in this Kingdom who can alledge any thing to the proving thereof to be examined and the Examinations to be returned to their Lordships attested by us and the Justices appointed to take the same and in pursuance of those Letters the Justices caused a Commission to issue under his Majesties Great Seal to several Persons some of them Members of this Board and some of His Majesties Judges and some of his Learned Council to call before them and examine Witnesses upon Oath concerning the Lord of Antrims Aspersing the Memory of his late Majesty That those Commissioners having examined several Witnesses and returned their examinations to the Justices with their Letters of Feb. 20. 1660. directed to the Lords of his Majesties Privy Council Transmitted the same to their Lordships That March 29. 1661. it was ordered by his Majesty in Council that in order to a farther proceeding here against the Lord Antrim the Examinations and other Papers should be returned hither Thus far the matter proceeded before the Arrival of the Lord Lieutenant in this Kingdom Aug. 18. 1661. the Lord Chief Justice Santry made a report at this Board of the Examinations taken concerning the Marquess and upon his Petition it was ordered That the Chief Justice should Cancel the Recognizance acknowledged by the Marquess and his Sureties and as to his being Criminal in Aspersing and Defaming the Memory of his Majesties Royal Father we Humbly crave leave to send herewith the said Examinations and other Papers concerning the same which we Humbly Submit to his Majesty's Consideration and we confess we are not willing upon these Examinations and Papers to aggravate any thing against him and therefore it was that there was no censure nor any Transmission of charge against him to his Majesty and as to our Letters of March 18. we confess there is nothing contained therein against him nor indeed under favour did we conceive it proper in these Letters to object any thing of Crime to him Our work in those Letters being but to inform his Majesty only of the particulars then under consideration and what occurred upon occasion of two Petitions exhibited the one by the Lady Marchioness of Antrim the other in the Name of several Adventurers and Soldiers and their Assignes and Tenants for we did not imagine the Lord Marquess would have attempted to put His Majesty upon a difficulty of giving a Rule contrary to the Act of Settlement but would have abiden the Tryal in the proper way prescribed by the Act wherein it is provided that the said Marquess shall be restored to his Estate in such Manner and Form and according to such Order and Method and no other as the Lord Viscount Nettervile and the Lord Viscount Gilmoy ought by vertue of the Act to be restored and besides we had no notice from thence that the matters relating to the said Marquess were under Debate or Consideration there which might give us occasion humbly to Represent to his Majesty those things which now for his Majesties Service we are necessrated to do To the Second namely the report made that those of the Lords of the Council to whom his Majesty refer'd the Marquesses Petition we must acknowledge the justice of their Lordships proceedings upon what appeared to them But there are some which we do verily believe were not made known to them and which do appear to us here wherein we may not be silent without breach of Justice to his Majesty For I the Lord Lieutenant do well know that the Peaces made by me in 1646. and in 1648. in this Kingdom and both derived by Authority from his Majesties Royal Father was both opposed by the Lord Marquess of Antrim who continually served with the Popes Nuncio and his Adherents against his Majesties authority then intrusted with me the Lieutenant and appeared active in all Assemblies and Councels wherein he was present in open opposition to all Members of those Assemblies and Councils who endeavoured to incline the People to Submission to the Peace when I the Lord Lieuterant laboured earnestly by all Just and Honourable ways and means to Reduce his Majesties Subjects in this Kingdom to their due Obedience to his Majesty and to give him assistance whereof he stood in need in the greatest and most imaginable necessity and when the Marquess of Antrim and the Popes Nuncio and Clergies Party and their Adherents laboured industriously to withdraw them from their Obedience and Assistance to his Majesty and so far prevailed that when things were in a tendency towards sending Ten Thousand Men to his Majesties Assistance the Lord of Antrim declared openly in the Confederates great Assembly that not a Man should go out of the Province of Ulster and in the end both these Peaces were by that Disloyalty to his Majesty and by the Countenance and Continuance of the said Marquess Rendred Fruitless and what great and general Evils followed thereupon to his Majesty and all his Kingdoms we need not now repeat whence it was that in the Act of Settlement it is enacted that such as at any time adhered to the Nuncio's or Clergy's Party or papal power in opposition to the Kings Authority shall not be restored as Innocent Papists And this being the Marquess of Antrims Case how far it may be fit for his Majesty in the greatest Humility we mention it to direft contrary to the said Act of Parliament that the ommissioners upon these His Majesties Letters should proceed to find him Innocent for so the Letter seems to imply and that as we humbly conceive without giving any Latitude of power to the Commissioners to examine matter of Fact pursuant to the said Act of Parliament We humbly submit to His Majesties Great Wisdom and as we humbly conceive it is not to be imagined that his late Majesty a Prince of most Eminent Honour and Prudence would privately intrust the Marquess of Antrim to oppose the conclusion of those Peaces for the obtaining whereof his Majesty had given publick authority to the Lieutenant or that he ever gave any Subsequent approbation which tended to his said Majesties utter reine and if it should be supposed that the Marquess his compliance
with the Nuncio's and Clergies Party though most irreconcileable Enemies to the English Crown and Interest might have been allowed of by his said Majesty upon the Marquesses undertaking to imploy the Credit he should thereby gain amongst them to dispose them at least to forbear that violent opposition to all Overtures tending to the Reduction of the Irish Confederates to their Obedience and to the Assistance of his late Majesty It cannot be rationally supposed as we humbly conceive but that the Reason and End of the Marquess's Compliance would either by his late Majesty for the better Management of the affair or by the Marquess himself for his Security and Exeneration have been made known to me the Lord Lieutenant the Marquess having frequent opportunity to do it The conclusion of this point is that as the Marquess his constant opposition to all the Motions of Peace set on foot by virtue of authority derived from his late Majesty hath been made apparent to us by sufficient proofs So it is clearly manifested by his taking the Oath of Association a Copy whereof is here inclosed and that by the Administration of those who when they had by his Assistances prevailed in the Breach of the Peace and of the publick Faith of the Confederates assumed to themselves in the year 1646. the Government of that Party under the Name of a Supream Council as also by his becoming one of that Council and Signing severe Letters and Instruments whereof some were directed to me the Lieutenant and all this without any Correspondence with me or the least private intimation that his purpose in those his proceedings had any Authority from his Majesty or any respect to his Service And as to the third the two last mentioned particulars do seem to us to manifest that the Marquess's Case as it stands stated in these Letters is not the whole state of the Case seeing those Material things are omitted therein which wâ— have before expressed which indeed we should willingly have forborn if our silence could have consisted with the Duty which we owe to his Majesty and to the Settlement of this Kingdom and to that which we humbly conceive is expected from us by his Majesty For there is now and hath been for above a Month last past under our Consideration here the Draught of a New Act to supply those Defects in the present Act of Settlement which experience hath manifested to become absolutely necessary to be remedyed in order to the General Settlement of this Kingdom and it is most evident that if the said Marquess shall be declared Innocent and that in so extraordinary a way as it would be contrary to the Act of Settlement being the Publick and Fundamental Security of Mens Estates so it would have this further operation that the end of that intended Act for gaining of Reprizals for the Estates of justly Restorable Persons such as his Majesty by his Gracious Declaration was pleased to acknowledge himself obliged to provide for will become in an high Degree disappointed and what general Mischiefs and Inconveniences may hereupon follow to the Settlement of the Kingdom ingeneral is very apparent When we had thus far proceeded in Our Letter a Petition of the Adventurers and Souldiers and their Assigns concerning the Estate formerly belonging to the said Marquess was exhibited at this Board which being read before us we find it to contain such matters concerning the Marquess of Autrim as we humbly conceive are necessary upon this occasion to be made known to his Majesty and therefore do esteem it our Duty to exhibit it to his Majesties Review and Royal consideration all which we Humbly submit to his Majesties excellent Judgment and we desire you to move his Majesty for a Signification of his good pleasure herein to us his Servants as speedily as with convenience may be if his Majesty in his Wisdom shall so judge fit and so we remain from the Council Chamber at Dublin July 31. 1663. Your assured loving Friends Ormond Maurice Eustace Chancellor James Dublin Ossory Shannon Dungannon Hen. Midensis Mich. Cork William Lawfield Rich. Coot Hev Tickburn Rob. Forth James Ware George Wentworth Robert Merideth Theoph. Jones Thomas Clergiss To the Right Honourable Sir Hen. Bennet Knight his Majesties Principal Secretary of State But what effect this Letter had and what the Marquess of Antrims true Case was appears by the following Letter which fully states the same Dublin Aug. 22. 1663. EVer Honoured Sir Last Thursday we came to Tryal with my Lord Marquess of Autrim but according to my Fears which you always surmised to be in vain he was by the King 's Extraordinary and Peremptory Letter of Favour restored to his Estate as an Innocent Papist We proved eight Qualifications in the Act of Settlement against him the last of which made him uncapable of being restored as Innocent We proved 1. That he was to have a Hand in Surprizing the Castle of Dublin in the Year 1641. 2. That he was of the Rebels Party before the 15th of September 1643. Which we made appear by his hourly and frequent Intercourse with Renny O Moore and many others being himself the most notorious of the said Rebels 3. That he entred into the Roman Catholick Confederacy before the Peace in 1643. 4. That he constantly adhered to the Nuncio's Party in opposition to his Majesty's Authority 5. That he sate from time to time in the Supreme Council of Kilkenny 6 That he signed that execrable Oath of Association 7. That he was commissionated and acted as Lieutenant General from the said Assembly at Kilkenny 8. That he declared by several Letters of his own penning himself in conjunction with Owen Ro Oneal and a constant Opposer to the several Peaces made by the Lord Lieutenant with the Irish We were seven hours by the Clock in proving our Evidence against him but at last the King's Letter being opened and read in Court Rainsford one of the Commissioners said to us That the King's Letter on his behalf was Evidence without exception and thereupon declared him to be an Innocent Papist This Cause Sir hath tho' many Reflections have passed upon the 〈…〉 more startled the Judgments of all Men than all the Tryals since the beginning of their sitting and it is very strange and wonderful to all of the Long Robe that the King should give such a Letter having divested himself of that Authority and reposed the Trust in Commissioners for that purpose And likewise it is admired that the Commissioners having taken solemn Oaths to execute nothing but according to and in pursuance of the Act of Settlement should barely upon his Majesty's Letter declare the Marquess Innocent To be short â—â—ere never was so great a Rebel that had so much Favour from so good a King And it is very evident that the Consequence of these things will be very bad and if God of his extraordinary Mercy do not prevent it War and if possible greater Judgments
stand by them in Defence of their Lives and the Protestant Religion which they did believe by the Preparations they heard were making by the Enemy would be very soon invaded and the News they heard from London Derry did much Fortifie their Courage So that upon the Approach of the Irish Companies the Inniskillin Horse and Foot Advanced toward them but came no sooner in View ere the 2 Companies with the whole Rabble that was with them turned their Backs and fled without halting in very great Fear and Disorder and their Officers being then at Dinner at a Gentlemans House not far from thence hearing the Inniskillin Men were come out left their Dinners before they had half done and ran away after them and all of them got the next Day 24 Miles off in great Terror of the Inniskilliners who afterward performed many admirable Actions against the Irish King James's pretended Parliament Sate in Dublin from May 7. 1689. to July 20. following and in that short time entirely destroyed the Settlement of Ireland and outed both the Protestant Clergy and Laity of their Free-Holds and Inheritances by Repealing the 2 Acts of Settlement Whereby 2 thirds of the Protestants of the Kingdom held their Estates And the Real Estates of all that dwelt or staid in any place in the 3 Kingdoms who did not own K. James's Power or correspended with any such as they Term'd Rebels or were any ways Aiding Abetting or Assisting to them from Aug. 1. 1688 are declared to be forefeited and vested in the King By which Clause almost every Protestant that could write in the Kingdom had forfeited his Estate for the Pacquets went constantly from London to Dublin and back again from August 1688. to March following and few had Friends in England or the North but Corresponded with them by Letters and every such Letter is made by this Clause a Forfeiture of Estate They likewise passed an Act of Attainder whereby above 3000 Protestants were Attainted and their Estates forfeited to the King some for being in Arms but the greatest part for absenting themselves and going out of the Kingdom These proceedings were thought very severe by the Protestants since those that Armed themselves did not Attempt any thing even against those whom the Lord Deputy against the Laws of the Kingdom and the Interest of the Nation had intrusted with Arms and Imployments except in their own Defence when Invaded and Assaulted by them Neither was there one Act of Hostility committed wherein the Protestants were not on the Defensive Their Crime then if any was only that they were unwilling to be Robb'd and Plundered as their Neighbours were without opposition but Disarmed some of those who under Colour of being King James's Soldiers destroyed the Country this was all the Reason Tyrconnel had to proclaim them Rebels for Killing and Murdering his Majesties Subjects and with pillaging the Country whereas it was Notorious they never kil'd any but whom they found actually Robbing for killing of whom the Laws of the Kingdom not only indemnified them but likewise assigned them a Reward and it is as plain that the Protestants preserved the Country from being pillaged and for this they now forfeited their Estates As for those that were absent it would have been unwisely done for the Protestants that were gone to England to have returned again to a Ruinous Kingdom the Actual Seat of War where all the goods they had left behind were Imbezeled by Robbers and their Estates given to those Sons of Rebellion in 1641. And when Men of the best Estates in Ireland wisht themselves away and many were content to leave all and venture their Lives in little Boats to the Mercy of the Seas in the death of Winter reckoning any thing safer and easier than to stay under a Government which had effectually destroy'd all the measures of Right and Wrong and Condenmed so many Gentlemen to the loss of all without allowing them the favour either of being Tryed or Heard And of those that starâ— many of them were kill'd by the Soldiers Murthered in their Houses Executed by Martial Law starved and famished in Jay is and destroyed by many other Violences the Papists declaring That they designed to starve one half of the Protestants and hang the other and that it would never be well till this was done So that all King James's proceedings in that Kingdom clearly manifested his design to be the absolute inslaving it to Arbitrary Power and Popery by his Invading the Liberties and Estates and exposing their Lives to his peremptory Will and Pleasure This the Protestants in the North as well as others were very sensible of and therefore the People of London-Derry resolved to hold out to the last Extremity Some time before the English Navy being out at Sea to prevent Supplies from France Admiral Herbert with his Squadron had notice by his Scent-Ships that part of the French Fleet were abroad and stood for the Irish Coast whereupon he Sail'd after them and found them in Bantry-Bay whereupon drawing his Ships up into a Line and lying upon the Stretch he battered them extreamly from 10 in the Morning till 5 in the Afternoon at what time the French Admiral went off and stood farther into the Bay On our side we lost Captain Aylmer of the Portland with a Lieutenant and about 300 Seamen killed and Wounded the Damage of the French was equal to ours though they had the Bay to shelter them the Wind and a double number of Ships So soon as the English were gone the French weighed Anchor for fear of a second Engagement King James now sets forward with his Army toward London Derry where the Garrison had already Proclaimed King William and Queen Mary and had received from England 480 Barrels of Powder and Arms for 2000 Men with a Commission to Collonel Lundy to be Governor and promise of further Supply King James's Army consisted in about 12000 Men and a very good Train of Artillery his Generals were Monsieur de Mornont General of the French Horse the Sieur Piscina General of the Foot Collonel Hamilton Lieutenant General of the Irish Foot all under the Standard of France and consisting of several Regiments commanded by the D of Berwick and Fitz-James his Brother the Lord Nettervile Abercorn Collonel Shelden and Collonel Randleigh The King had some assurance given him that the Town upon his Approach would undoubtedly Surrender and that the very sight of so formidable an Army would fright them into a Compliance and therefore April 18. he advances with his Army before the Walls with flying Colours Orders were given that none should fire till the Kings Demands were first known but the People of London-Derry wondring to see Lieutenant General Hamilton approaching the Walls contrary to his ingagement not to come within 4 Miles of the Town imagined they were betrayed and fired their Guns upon them which being unexpected by the Enemy some of them fled others hid themselves and a great
to be wasted and destroyed by the Enemy and Deserted by those you came to relieve But K. James had no power to help himself or them having by his Degenerate and Mean Spirit Truckled his Authority and became Subject to the power of France and contented himself to be a King in Name only April 6. 1690. Collonel Woolseley with a Detached Party of 700 Men Attackt the Castle of Killishandra with such Briskness that the Enemy Surrendred it they being 150 Men On the 10th Collonel Tiffen sent out a Party from Bellishannon who brought of a Prey from the Neighbourhood of Sligo and killed about 16 of the Enemy as they pursued them April 12. Sir Clovesly Shovel came to Belfast as Convoy to several Ships that brought over necessaries for the Army and having notice of a Frigat at Anchor in the Bay of Dublin with other small Vessels Loaden with Hides Tallow Wooll and some Plate and other Goods designed for France he Sailed thither and leaving the great Ships in the Bay with the Monmouth Yatch and 2 or 3 more and several Long-Boats he went to Polebeg where the Frigat lay of 16 Guns and 4 Pattereroes being a Scotch Ship taken the year before in the Channel When K. James heard of it he said It was some of his Loyal Subjects of England returning to their Duty and Allegiance But when he saw them draw near the Ship and heard the firing he rid out towards Rings End whither gathered a vast Croud of People of all sorts and several Regiments were drawn up if possible to kill those bold Fellows at Sea who durst on a Good-Fryday as this happened to be perform so wicked a deed as they said Captain Bennet that Commanded the Frigat run her aground and after several firings from her and some other Ships when they saw a Fire-Ship coming in which Sir Clovesly had given a sign to they all quitted the Frigat being at first 40 but lost 6 or 7 in the Action Sir Clovesly was in the Monmouth Yatch in going off one of the Hoys run aground and was dry when the Tide was gone and the rest of the Boats were not far off being full of Armed Men and a Frenchman of King James's Guards coming nigh the Boats to fire his Pistols in a Bravado had his Horse shot under him and was forced to fling off his Jack-Boots and run back in his Stockins to save himself some of the Seamen went on Shoar and took his Saddle and Furniture when the Tide came in they went off with their Prize to the Ships below K. James went back very much dissatisfied and it was reported should say That all the Protestants in Ireland were of Cromwells Breed and deserved to have their Throats Cut However all the Protestants that walked that way during the Action were imprisoned and 2 made their escape to the Boats Monsieur Callimot with his French Regiment had some time before Attempted the strong Castle of Charlemont setting fire to the Bridge and killing about 20 Men and then Retreated May 2. The Irish put Relief into the place which was conveyed with a Detachment of 4 or 500 Men and Collonel Callimots Regiment who were quartered at Blackwater knowing the Convoy must return resolved to intercept them and as they were Marching back fell upon them with such Courage that he forced them again into the Castle and this they did 2 or 3 times which Teague O Regan the Old Irish Governor perceiving he Swore If they could not get out they should have no Entertainment nor Lodging within And was as good as his word for they were forced to make little Huts within the Palisadoes so that between Teague and the English the poor Fellows were in a lamentable Condition After this the General sent several Regiments to block up Charlemont with Cannon to force Old Teague out of his Nest if possible having Summoned him to Surrender some time before who returned the Messenger with this Answer Go tell thy Master from Teague O Regan that he 's an Old Knave and by St Patrick he shall not have the Town at all when God knows there was no Town standng but an Old Castle The Duke only smiled and said He would give Teague greater Reason to be angry in a short time and accordingly those Irish that had a mind to go out being kept in soon made Victuals very scarce and no hopes of Relief appearing the Old Governor sent to Treat about a Surrender and the Terms being soon agreed to this strong place was delivered up about 400 Men and 200 Irish Women and Children Marching out of it the D. stood to observe them and Teague O Regan appeared Mounted upon an Old Stone Horse very lame with Spavin and Scratches and so vitious that he would fall a Squeeling and kicking if any Body came near him Teague himself had a great bunch upon his back a plain red Coat an Old Weather-beaten Wig hanging down at full length a little narrow white Beaver Cockt up a yellow Gravat-string tyed all on one side his Boots with a 1000 wrinkles and though it was very hot a great Muff hanging about his back and for uniformity he was almost fudled with Brandy In this Equipage he approached the Duke but had not made his Compliment ere the Jade fell to work so that the D. had scarce time to make a Civil return The Duke smiled afterwards and said Teagues Horse was very Mad and himself very Drunk The Officers and Soldiers made the Duke a great many Legs and stared upon him to see whether he was a Man or some other strange Creature for the Irish usually asked one another what is that Shambear that all this talk is of The Duke inquired why they kept so many Women and Children in their Garrison which must needs consume their Provisions He was told that the Irish are naturally very Hospitable and that they all fared alike but that the Soldiers would never be perswaded to stay in Garrison without their Wives and Mistresses The Duke replyed There was more Love than Policy in it The Irish were to be guarded to Armagh and among them were 2 Priests one of whom in the way fell into discourse with a Dragoon about Transubstantiation but being baffled was so angry that he fell a beating the Dragoon who not being used to blows thrasht the Priest severely of which complaint being made to Teague he replyed I be very glad of it What te Deal had he to do to Dispute Religion with a Dragoon King William being concerned that the War in Ireland should divert his Forces from going into France resolved if possible to reduce the Kingdom this Summer by going thither in Person and every one knew his Majesties Industry Courage and Resolution to be so great that he would endeavour to make a quick dispatch and accordingly having left Kensington June 4. Ten days after he Arrived safe at Carickfergus with his Highness Prince George the D. of Ormond the Earls
of Oxford Manchester Scarborough and several other Persons of Quality and was received by the Officers Soldiers and People with all manner of Demonstrations of Joy the latter looking on His Majesty as their good Angel who was come to deliver them from worse than Aegyptian Bondage Next day several of the Nobility Officers Gentry and Clergy presented a very Loyal Address to the King which he graciously accepted His Majesty was not idle and seeing things did not go on so fast as he desired exprest some Dissatisfaction saying That he did not come there to let grass grow under his Feet he made his word good for having taken a View of his Army which with the great Recruits lately sent from England amounted to about 36000 Compounded of English Dutch Danes Germans and French His Majesty advanced toward Dundalk The certain News of K.W. Landing coming to Dublin it was moved by some Irish in K. James's Council That the Protestants should be shut up in Churches and Hospitals and then if they lost the day to set fire to all and destroy the People and City together But the Irish Papists both in the City and Army applyed themselves to the King and told him They should then be as much sufferers as the Protestants and that they would not draw a Sword in his Defence unless all thoughts of burning the City were laid aside and declared further that as soon as they heard of any appearance of Fire they would Desert his Service and fly to K. Williams Mercy which manaces put a stop to this Horrid Project Before this a Camp had been laid out by the Irish about Ardee and K. James had ordered his Army to Rendevouze there from several parts of the Kingdom and June 16. he Marched out of Dublin to joyn them with about 6000 French Foot most old Soldiers well Armed and Clad The whole Irish Army incamped made about 27000 all well Clothed and in good Heart both Horse and Foot besides 15000 more that remained in Garrisons and the same day 6000 of the Country Militia cameto quarter in the City The Protestants expected the Irish would have been much dejected upon K. Will Arrival but on the contrary they Triumpht and Rejoyced as if they had got him in a Pound and the day were their own assuring themselves That either the French Fleet would prevent his return to England or that an Insurrection would be made there boasting that an Hundred Thousand Men were ready to Rise and declare for a Common-wealth The Protestants knew not what to believe for they were kept as Prisoners of War and could know no more than they please to tell them but they were more afraid that some desperate Persons had undertaken to destroy K. William because their confidence was so great that some told their Protestant Friends They would be glad to go to Mass within a Twelvemonth When K. James was gone Collonel Lutterel who was left Governor Ordered all Persons that walkt in the Streets without Swords or Bagonets to be taken up and secured whereby all Protestants who were suffered to wear none were put into Custody After which followed a Proclamation That not above 5 Protestants besides the Family should meet together in any place upon pain of Death So that now they durst not go to Church as they had hitherto done the Churchmen still remained with them though they had lost all their Maintenance by the Irish Parliament except what was given them by the People Dr. King was sent Prisoner to the Castle and few Protestants durst walk the Streets the method that K. James and the French proposed to deal with K. Williams Army was To make good the Passes upon the Newry Mountains and at Dundalk To spin out the War and dispute their ground without coming to a General Battel till they came to the Boyn and there to Defend the Pass but still without a Battle if they could help it much hoping for some Extraordinary thing from a Party in England c. But K. William soon broke all their Measures for resolving to lose no time he came to the Camp at Lough-britland where having taken a Critical Review of every Regiment His Majesty and Prince George had their moving Houses set up and never after lay out of the Camp during their-stay in Ireland The King ordered a Party to go out to discover the motions of the Enemy and heard they were Marching off from Dundalk toward Ardee Upon which the English Army advanced to Newry and from thence to Dundalk and so forward to Ardee the Irish still retiring and at length passing over the Boyn upon which the whole Army move in 3 Lines toward the Boyn and by the way some Dragoons found in an Old House about 200 Scythes stretcht out upon Beams which the Enemy had either forgot or left behind for hast and one of them being brought to the King he smiled and said It was a Desperate Weapon The Irish Incamped on the other side the Boyn and the King from an Hill took a view of them and then rid along the River side to make more strict Observations during which a Cannon Ball from the Enemy kill'd 2 Horses and a Man about 100 yards from the King and instantly comes another which had like to have been a fatal Bullet for it grazed upon the Bank of the River and in the rising slanted upon the Kings right shoulder and tore out a piece of his Coat and also the Skin and Flesh and afterward broke the Head of a Gentlemans Pistol A Gentleman seeing his Majesty struck rid up and put his Handkerchef upon the place his Majesty took little notice of it but rid on about 40 yards further the Enemies Cannon firing upon them all the while and killed 2 of the Guards and 9 Horses disturbing the rest which the Irish perceiving set up a prodigious shout all over the Camp as if our Army had been destroyed The King went to change his Coat and get his Shoulder drest and then rid about to see the Army After which a Council of War was called and his Majesty declared That he was resolved to pass the River next day and accordingly all things were provided every Man having a green Bough or Sprig in his Hat the Enemy wearing pieces of Paper in theirs the word that Night was Westminster and about 12 at Night rid with Torches quite through the Army The next Morning July 1. the Dutch Blew Guards took the River first some 8 or 10 a breast being presently almost up to the middle the Enemy stood on the other side but did not fire till our Men were toward the middle of the River and then a whole Peal of shot came from the Hedges Brest-works Houses and all about but only one Man fell and another staggered a Lieutenant of Granadeers was the first that got footing on the other side who instantly drew up 2 Files of Men then stoopt and the Enemy fired over him from the next
Hedge and afterward quitted the Hedge which the rest that were posted thereabout seeing they likewise fled and were followed by a volley of shot from our Men When on a suddain a great many Battasions of the Enemy appeared from behind the little Hills we had two French Regiments and one English who passed the River at the same time about 200 yards below and routed those that opposed them The Dutch Advanced still and the Irish quitted the Hedges and Van stragling up and down the Field All our Horse went over to the Right and Left except one Squadron of Danes whom Lieut. Coll. Hamilton charged so home with 60 Horse that they came faster back than they went The want of Horse was so apparent here that the very Country People cryed out Horse Horse which word going to the Right Wing who thought it had been Halt stopt them nigh half an hours time which with about 40 Irish Horse breaking through the French Regiment at the same time was thought to be the occasion of D. Schombergs going over so unseasonably for in this Hurry he was killed near a little Village beyond the River The Irish Troopers as they rid through struck at him with their Swords and some believe that his own Men firing too hastily when the Duke was before them shot him themselves his Mortal Wound was through the Neck and he had one or two Cuts in the Head he fell down and did not speak a word Dr. Walker going as was said to look after the Duke was shot in the Belly The Action continued very hot for about an Hour but then the Irish Retreated to a rising ground drew up to Charge our Party again that had passed the River The Danish and Dutch Horse with Collonel Woolselys Horse and Dragoons and likewise the Danish Foot and Collonel Cuts Regiment now got over the River The King during these Transactions was almost every where riding between our Army and theirs and giving the necessary Orders attended only with one Dragoon and then passed the River with some difficulty for his Horse being Bog'd on the other side he was forc'd to alight till a Gentleman helpt him to get his Horse out when the Men were got on the other bank and put in order his Majesty drew his Sword but with some Trouble by reason of his wounded Arm and Marched before them toward the Enemy who were coming in good Order upon our Foot with double the number and charged several times at the Head of them Our Horse were forced to give ground though the King was with them His Majesty then went to the Inniskilliners and askt what they would do for him and advanced before them Their Officer told them who it was and at the Head of these Men the King received the Enemies fire The Danish Horse once gave way but the K. went himself and brought them up again o◠the Irish K. James's Horse and Foot Guards principally maintained this Opposition and suffered much Lieutenant General Hamilton who had been imployed by K. William betrayed his Trust finding the Irish Food did not answer his Expectation he put himself at the Head of the Horse and when they were Defeated he was taken Prisoner having received a wound on the Head and brought to the K. who askt him whether the Irish would fight any more Yes said he and please your Majesty upon my Honour I believe they will for they have a good Body of Horse still The King lookt a little aside at him and repeated once or twice your Honour c. intimating that he had but little left who had forfeited it by joyning with Tyrconnel and this was all the Rebuke the K. gave him who always says much in few words for his unfaithfulness in the mean time the Irish being beaten from the Pass the English hastned towards the Body of the Enemy that were posted at Duleek and as they Advanced the Enemy drew off with such speed that they left a great many Arms and Ammunition behind in that Village and before our Horse could come up to Attack them they were gone at least a mile before their Horse and Ammunition in the Reer and their Foot Marching in great hast and Confusion we persued them 3 Miles but did not Attack them by reason of the Boggy Fields and Ditches Of the Irish were killed the Lords Dungan and Carlingford and many other Officers with about 1500 Men it was observed that most of the Horsemen who charged so desperately were drunk with Brandy of which each Man that Morning had half a pint for his own share Of the English were killed nigh 400 but the greatest loss was of D. Schomberg whom his very Enemies acknowledged a brave Man and a great General He was certainly a Man of excellent Education who was throughly acquainted with Men and things Courteous and Civil to all and yet had always something so great that commanded respect from all Persons A strong hearty Man though 82 years old and when unbowelled his Heart Entrails and Brain were as fresh and sound as a Man of 〈◊〉 and might have probably lived longer if providence had not ordered it otherwise K. James during part of the Action stood at a little Old Church upon an Hill but when he saw how matters went he Marcht to Duleek and from thence to Dublin The first News at that place was That K. James had got the Day Our General was killed and the P. of Orange as they called him taken Prisoner that the French Fleet was in the Bay of Dublin That a French Express was come from Waterford with the News of taking the Isle of Wight by the French and of their being gone to Dover This was very Afflicting to the poor Protestants who were all confined to their Houses but towards night some that had made their escape upon tyred Horses brought word That the Irish were much worsted and others That they were Totally routed near 10 a Clock that Night K. J. came in with about 200 Horse all in Disorder they concluded now that it was an absolute Defeat and that the English were just ready to come into the Town but were greatly Surprised when an hour or 2 after they heard the whole Body of the Irish Horse coming in in very good Order with kettle Drums Hautboys and Trumpets and early the next Morning the French and a great part of the Irish Foot who being a little rested Marched out again to meet the English that were supposed to draw nigh When K. James came to the Castle Gate the Lady Tyrconnel met him and after he was up stairs askt him what he would have for his Supper Who then gave her an account what a Breakfast he had got which made him have but little Stomach to his Supper Next Morning July 2d about 5 a Clock K. J. sent for the Irish Lord Mayor and some Principal Persons to the Castle and told them That in England he had an Army which durst have
fought but they proved false and Deserted him and that here he had an Army which was Loyal enough but would not stand by him so that he was now necessitated to provide for his Safety and that they should make the best Terms for themselves that they could he told his Menial Servants That he should now have no further occasion to keep such a Court as he had done and that therefore they were at liberty to dispose of themselves He desired them all to be kind to the Protestants and not to burn or injure them nor the City for though he quitted it he did not quit his Interest in it Immediately after he took Horse and with about twelve in Company went towards Bray and so to Waterford having appointed his Carriages to meet him another way where he imbarqued for France having some days days before distrusting the issue Ordered Sir Patrick Trant to go from the Camp at the Boyn to Waterford and provide Shipping It is said he did not sleep till he got on Ship-board All that day nothing was to be seen in Dublin but Officers Carriages and dusty wounded Soldiers with several of K. James's Horse-guards coming in stragling without Pistols or Swords and the Principal Popish Persons of the Town their Wives and Families going away The Gates were still kept by the Irish Militia and the Castle by 250 of the Governors Foot Soldiers who still threatned that before they left the City they would burn and plunder it This of a long time had been their talk as we have heard though K. James said It was a Report raised by the Protestants to make him odious yet some Irish Persons of Note advised their Protestant Friends a few days before this to leave the Town because they would not be safe there The Protestants some of whom were crouded into the Hospitals Colledges and Churches others into stinking nasty unhealthy Rooms knew not yet what to think of themselves but hoped the English were so near as to prevent their being burnt but about 4 afternoon instead of them they perceived the Irish Horse which were drawn out in the Morning and thought to be quite gone entring the Town followed by the French and Irish Foot in a full Body Presently a Noise run through the City that they were come to fire it and the Papists who had secured themselves in Protestants Houses began to look brisk again but all these Forces Marched through the Town without doing any injury and were drawn up by Tyrconnel on the further side of it to March away the Militia followed them only the Governor remained who at last resolved to March also and drive 2 or 300 of the Principal Protestant Prisoners before him but while they were preparing for this a false Alarm was spread that a Party of English being Landed at the Harbour were just at the Towns end it was too dusky to discover the Truth and they had not time to send a Messenger but in hast shifted for themselves The Protestants now began to look out whom the Irish had released not out of love to them but for fear the English were at their Heels yet knew not well in what condition they were but venturing to the Castle they found Captain Farlow who had been Prisoner there keeping Garrison alone upon which Captain Fitz Gerald and several others who had been Prisoners went and staid there all Night still they were unsecure and had no Arms Early next morning July 3. the Protestants run about to the Papists Houses demanding their Arms who being quite dispirited delivered them without dispute and the Bishop of Meath Dr King and several other Principal Protestants sent away an Express to K. William that the Town waâ— at liberty desiring his Majesties Presence and Protection and began to Form a Protestant Militia Till Thursday July 3. in the Afternoon they heard not a word of the English Army and reports were raised that the French and Irish were coming back which much dampt the Protestants but this was soon blown over and they now perceived themselves to be free which filled their Hearts with so much joy that they run about Saluting and Imbracing one another and Blessing God for this wonderful Deliverance as if they had been raised from the Dead The Streets were filled with Crouds and Shouts and the Papists were now under the same Terrors that they had been in some days before At 8 that Night one Troop of English Dragoons came as a Guard to an Officer who was sent to take charge of the Stores it is impossible to express the rejoycing of the People at sight of them they hung about the Horses and were ready to pull the Men off and hug them in their Arm as they Marched up to the Castle The Night after the Battel the English lay upon their Arms at Duleek and next Morning a Party were sent to fetch the Tents and Baggage from beyond the Boyn and another Party of 1000 Horse and Dragoons and 300 Foot and 8 pieces of Cannon Marcht to Summon Droghedah The Governor received the first Summons very indifferently but being Threatned that if he forced the Cannon to be fired on them they should have no Quarter Thereupon he believing that the Irish Army was totally Routed Surrendred upon Condition to be Conducted to Athlone there being about 1300 of them who Marched out without Arms according to Agreement July 3. K. William Marcht forward and was met at Bally Brigham by one Mr. Saunders from the Protestants of Dublin with a Tender of their Allegiance The D. of Ormond Marched thither with 1000 Horse and the Dutch Guards took possession of the Castle and 2 days after his Majesty came to Finglass within 2 Miles of Dublin 300 Citizens coming to wait upon and welcom him and his Army and abundance of People flockt from all places to see the Camp and their Great Deliverer whose just Merits found Commendations from his very Enemies and whose Soul is not Subject to fear or any thing that is below a Prince and who is only faulty in exposing his Royal Person too far On Sunday His Majesty went to St. Patricks Church in Dublin and returned to his Camp to Dinner and on Munday the Bishops and Clergy Presented a very Loyal Address the Bishop of Meath making a Speech telling his Majesty That they came not to beg his Protection for he had given sufficient Demonstrations of his Affection toward them by venturing his Royal Person for their Deliverance but they came to Congratulate his Arrival to pray for the Continuance of his good Success and to give his Majesty all the Assurance imaginable of their Loyalty and Obedience intreating him not to think the worse of them for staying in Ireland and Submitting to a Power that it was impossible for them to Resist since they had been as Serviceable to his Majesties Interest by staying as they could have been otherwise c. The King made answer That as he had by
the Blessing of God Succeeded so far he doubted not but by Gods Assistance to free them absolutely and that in a short time from Popish Tyranny which was his design in coming They then desired his Majesties leave to appoint a day of Publick Thanksgiving which was done accordingly The Irish went away in such haste that they left 16000 l. in brass Money in the Treasury and a great quantity of French Souses of the first of which K. James coined above eleven Hundred Thousand Pound The half Crowns of which were now cryed down for pence Yet this did not grate so heavily upon the People as his late taking away all the Protestant Staple Goods as Wool Hydes and Tallow to send to France in exchange for Wine and Linnen for his Army Their Tanned Leather was also taken away for the use of the Soldiers The Revenue he raised otherwise was by a Subsidy granted by Parliament of Twenty Seven Thousand Pound a Month for 13 Months which fell severely upon the Protestants who were forced to pay ready Mony though by Plundring they were generally deprived of their Stocks Rents and Incomes and to shew what future Security they were like to have for their Estates K. James by Proclamation under pretence of his Prerogative Royal laid a Tax of 20000 l. a Month for 3 Months upon Goods and Chattels that granted by Parliament being only upon Land this way of Leavying Money startled every body the pretended Parliament was then in being and adjourned till Jan. 12. 1689 which happened to be about the very time when the K. and his Council were upon this Project some in the Council opposed it alledging There was no need of levying Money by extraordinary ways when it might be had otherwise and that it would cause his Enemies to say that he affected Arbitrary Power but he was very angry with those that spake against it saying That they had made him believe it was a branch of his Prerogative to levy Money and it he could not do that he could do nothing And thereupon Popish Commissioners were appointed to assess it who never failed to lay the greatest burden upon their Protestant Neighbours who in effect paid all the Taxes that K. James ever receiv'd in Ireland July 7. K. William published a Declaration assuring all Labourers Soldiers Farmers Ploughmen and Courtiers as also all Citizens Tradesmen Townsmen and Artificers of his Royal Protection who should return to their Abodes by Aug. 1. and deliver their Arms to the Justices of Peace and that they should be secured in their legal Rights Goods Stocks and Chattels c. The next day the King took a view of his Army by distinct Regiments and though it rained very fast yet His Majesty sate on Horseback in the midst of it It was observable that with heat dust and marching most of the Soldiers had got very sore Lips nor was His Majesty himself exempt from this inconvenience for he had toil'd and laboured as much as the best of them July 9. The King had an account of the misfortune of the English and Dutch Fleets and at the same time he divided his Army going himself with the greatest part Westward and sending Lieut. Gen. Douglas with 3 Regiments of Horse 2 of Dragoons and 10 of Foot toward Athlone about 50 miles from Dublin In their march they took 2 Spies with Letters from Athlone one was to advise one Tute to defend an Island nigh Mullingar in which the Governor had store of Horses and other things of value Another Letter was from an Officer at Athlone to his Father in the Country telling him That the Ld Tyrconnel D. of Berwick and several other Great Officers were come to Lymerick with a good Body of Horse and that all their Army would be there in 2 or 3 days so that they would make either a Hog or a Dog of it as he exprest it That the Dauphin was landed in England with a great Army That the French had beat the English and Dutch Fleets That D. Schomberg was dead and it was said the Prince of Orange was so too That their King was gone to France but it was no great matter where he was for they were better without him Then he advised his Father not to take a Protection from the English because those that did so were lookt upon as Enemies And after his Letter was sealed he had writ on the outside Just now we have an account froâ— Gentleman that is come to us from Dublin that Orange is â—â—tainly dead so that all will be well again Such were their hoâ—â— and expectations at that time yet we find that the Irish had 〈◊〉 a mean opinion of K. James some of them saying That he 〈◊〉 fitter to be a Monk than a King and Sarsheld sometime afâ—â—â— ward speaking of the Action at the Boyn swore If the Eâ— woâ—â— change Kings they would fight it over again and beat us Sâ— material is the courage and countenance of the Chief Commandeâ— in an Army especially a King which makes his Nobility Gentryâ— and Officers strive to imitate his example by which he is beâ—â—â— served and commonly more fortunate July 17. The Army encamped within a mile of Athlone tâ—â— Enemy playing the great Guns on them as they marched with littâ—â— damage The General sent a Drum to Summon the Town but oâ—â— Col. Grace the Governor fired a Pistol at him and sent word Theâ—â— were the Terms he was for Upon which the English were contriving to raise Batteries but the Enemy having made Provision for their coming and Lieue Gen. Douglas not having Cannon large enough to endamage the Town and also very little Bread it was resolved by a Council of War to remove from the Town which was done at 12 at Night with all their Baggage the Enemy not so much as firing one Gun at them and soon after they joyn'd the King's Army July 9. His Majesty encamp'd at Cromlin 2 miles West of Dublin where he setled the method of granting Protections to those Irish that would submit to the Government and gave Orders that upon pain of Death no Soldier should dare Plunder the Country or any protected Person nor to take violently the least value from either Protestant or Papist abuses of this kind having been lately complained of Two days after the King passing by the Ness saw a Soldier robbing a poor Woman which inraged His Majesty so much that he beat him with his Cane and Commanded that he and others found guilty of the like disobedience should be Executed which had so good effect upon that Army that no Pilfering happened for a long time after The K. had notice in his march of the confusion of the Enemy and their resort to Lymerick and People from Kilkenny gave an account That some Irish Horse and Foot were there still but with thoughts of quitting it upon our approach which they did after having 〈◊〉 the Inhabitants to give them a Sum of Money to save
the Town from Pâ—undring Upon which a Party of Horse under the D of Ormond went to take possession of the place Jâ—â—y 19. The K. dined with the D. at his Castle of Kilkenny which Count Lauzun had â—â—â—â—ved with all the Fâ—â—niture in a good Condition the Cellars being well furnish'd with â—ine which they had not time to drink at their going off Col. Eâ—nger was sent from thence with 1000 Horse and Dragoons to seâ—â—re the Town of Wex ord which was deserted by the Irish Garriâ—on As also Clonmel whither Count Schomberg marched with a Body of Horse being one of the strongest Towns in Ireland cost Cromwel 2000 men in taking it the Irish pretended to defend it now and levelled the Suburbs and Hedges but at length march'd off having got 300 l. of the People to secure it from burning and plunder July 22. Maj. Gen. Kirk sent a Trumpet to Summon the Town of Waterford to surrender which they refused in very civil Terms but at length on the 25. they delivered it up on Articles and at the same time the strong Fort of Duncannon 7 miles below Waterford was surrendred upon the like terms The K. went into Wâ—terford and took care that none should be disturbed in their Persons or Goods At the King's return to his Camp His Majesty held a Council where he declared his resolution to go for Engl. upon some accounts he had from thence leaving Count Solms Commander in Chief But a few days after having advice from England that the French were gone off the Coast and had only burnt a small Village in the West His Majesty resolved to return to the Army and Aug. 8. the L. Portland and Brigadier Stuart were sent toward Lymerick with about 1100 Horse Foot and the next day the whole Army advanced The K. having ordered their several Posts sent a Trumpet to Summon the Town it seems a great part of the Ganison were for surrendring it but Mons Boiselean the French Governor the D. of Berwick and Col. Sarsfield much opposed it telâ—ng the Soldiers That there were great Divisions Insurrections in England That the Dauphin was landed there with 50000 men and that the P. of Orange would be obliged soon to draw home his Army to England The Trumpeter was sent back from Mons Boiseleau with a Letter directed to Sir R. Southwell Secretary of State not sending directly to the King because it is thought he would avoid giving him the Title of Majesty That he was surprized at the Summons and that he thought the best way to gain the P. of Orange's good opinion was by a vigorous defence of that Town which his Majesty had intrusted him withal The next morning a Cornet deserted the Enemy who told K William That a great many were for surrendring That Câ—â—nt Lauzun with the French were encampt nigh Galloway the Irish refusing to receive them into the Town because themselves had done so some time before at Lymerick That Tyrconnel with most of the Irish Horse and some Foot were encamped about 8 miles on the other side of Lymerick That there were 14 Regiments of Foot 3 of Horse and 2 of Dragoons then in the Town This City is very strong both by Nature and Art and the Irish had now added some new Fortifications to it In 1651. Lieut. Gen. Ireton laid Siege to it for several Months and did not take it at last for it was in some measure betray'd to him by one Col. Stennel and others of the Irish who against the Governors consent received in a or 300 men thereby getting Possession of the Town Ireton Hanged the Mayor and several others that were still for defending it When His Majesty sate down before Lymerick he had only a Field-Train of Artillery because some imagined the Town would have surrendred upon Summons But it being refused Six Cannon called Pounders two 18 Pounders a great quantity of Ammunition Provisions tin Boats and abundance of other materials were upon the Road from Dublin under the Convoy of 2 Troops of Col. Villars Horse of which Sarsfield having intelligence by a French Gunner who went over to the Enemy he passed the River in the Night with a Body of Horse for being satisfied that if this Train arrived before Lymerick it would not be able to hold it he resolved to run the hazard of destroying them If he succeeded he broke our measures if not he designed for France as he afterward declared The K. had notice of his march and to prevent the worst ordered 500 Horse to march and meet the Guns but by some neglect in the Officers it was 1 or 2 a Clock in the morning before the Party marched which they then did very slowly till about an hour after they saw a great light in the Air and heard a strange rumbling noise which they imagined to be the blowing up of the Train as really it was For on Sunday night Aug. 11. the Guns lay at Cashel and on Monday they marched beyond Cullen to a little old ruinous Castle called Ballemedy not 7 miles from the Camp and being so near did not fear an Enemy especially having no notice and therefore being weary of marthing had turn'd most of their Horses to grass leaving a very slender Guard and the greatest part went to sleep but some never awaked in this World for Sarsheld lurking among the Mountains all the day being guided through by-ways to the very spot he unawares fell in upon them and cut several to pieces with some Waggoners and Country People that were coming to the Camp with Provisions The Chief Officer seeing how it was Commanded to Sound to Horse but those that went to fetch them up were killed by the way The Officers and others after the best resistance they could make were forc't to shift for themselves with loss of Horses and Goods a Lieutenant and some few Troopers were kill'd in all about 60. The Irish got what Horses they could some broke the Boats others the Guns and drawing all the Carriages and Waggons with Bread and Ammunition together in an heap what they could not carry away they laid a Train and fired at their going off blowing up all with an astonishing noise whereby every thing that would burn was reduced to Ashes The Party of Horse that were sent against them came when the business was over in sight of the Enemies Reer but wheeling toward the Left to intercept their passage over the Shannon they unhappily went another way This was very unwelcome News in the Camp however the Siege went on and several more Guns were planted and Firings continued briskly from divers Batteries Aug. 12. Brigadier Stuart went with a Detachement of Men and 〈◊〉 Field-pieces toward Castle Connel upon whose approach the Garâ—rison consisting in 126 surrendred and were brought Prisoners to the Camp Aug. 19. Our Batteries plaid upon the Walls and Houses of Lymerick and the K. riding softly up toward Cromwel's-Fort as his Horse was entring a
E. of Londonderry Feilding E. of Desmond Brabason E. of Meath Barry E. of Barrymore Vaugham E. of Carbury Plunkett E. of Fingale Chichester E. of Donnegall Lambert E. of Cavan O Bryan E. of Insiquin Macarty E. of Clancarty Boyle E. of Orrery Coote E. of Montrath Moore E. of Drogheda Talbot E. of Waterford and Wexford Montgomery E. of Montalexander Palmer E. of Castlemaine Taaffe E. of Carlingford Power E. of Tyrone Jones E. of Rarelagh Aungier E. of Longford Forbes E. of Granard Dungan E. of Lymerick Coote E. of Eally more Ginkell E. of Athlone VISCOVNTS Preston Visc Gormanston Roch. Visc Fermoy Butler Visc Mountgarret Villiers Visc Grandison Annesly Visc Valentia Dillon Visc Costello and Gallen Netterville Visc Dowth Loftus Visc Ely Beaumont Visc Swords Magennis Visc Iveagh Needham Visc Kilmurry Sarsfield Visc Kilmallock Burk Visc Mayo Sanderson Visc Castlelown Chaworth Visc Armagh Scudamore Visc Sligoe Lumly Visc Waterford Smith Visc Strangford Wenman Visc Tuam Molineux V. 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Leinster BARONS Bermingham B of Athenry Coursey B. of Kingsale Fitz-Morris Bâ— of Kerry and Lixnow Flemin Baron of Slane St. Lawrence B. of Howth Barnewall B. of Trunleston Plunkett B. of Dunsany Butler B. of Dunboyne Fitz-patrick Ba. of Upper-Ossory Plunkett Baron of Lowth Burke B. of Castle-Connell Butler Baron of Cahir Burk Baron of Brittas Steward Baron of Castle-Steward Extinct Foliot B. of Bollyshannon Maynard B. of Wicklo George Ba. of Dundalk Digby Baron of Geashill Fitx-Williams B. of Lifford Blaney B. of Monaghan Malone B. of Glenmallum and Courchy Herbert B. of Castle Island Calvert B. of Baltimore Brereton B. of Loughlin Hare B. of Coleraine Sherard B. of Leitrim Magwive B. of Inniskilling Hamilton B. of Strabane Hawley B. of Ducannon Arrington B. of Killard King Baron of Kingston Barry Baron of Santry Annesly B. of Altham Bellow B. of Duleck Petty B. of Shelborne Fitton B. of Gawsworth Bourk B. of Bophin Nugent Ba. of Riverston Cutts B. of Gowran Coninges by B. of Clanbrazil Archbishops in Ireland 4. 1 Armagh 2 Dublin 3 Cashels 4 Tuam Bishopricks 18. 1 Mtath 2 Kildare 3 Waterford 4 Clowfert 5 Elphin 6 Fernes and Lagin 7 Clogher 8 Dromore 9 Ossory 10 Derry 11 Down 12 Killallow 13 Cork 14 Lymerick 15 Cloine 16 Killalla 17 Rapho 18 Kilmore University 1. Dublin There are 32 Counties in Ireland out of which are returned in all 275 Parliament men A Catalogue of all the Lord Lieutenants Lord Deputies and Lord Justices of Ireland from 1603. 1603 Sir George Carie Treasurer Deputy 1604 Arthur Chichester Lord Belfast Deputy 1613 Tho. Jones Lord Archbish of Dublin Justices 1613 Sir Rich. Wingfield Justices 1614 Lord Belfast L. Deputy 1615 Lord Archbishop of Dublin Justices 1615 Sir John Denham Justices 1616 Sir Oâ—iver St. John L. Deputy 1622 Adam Lostus V Ely Justices 1622 Rich. Wingfield V. Poyerscourt Justices 1622 Henry Cary V. Falkland L. Deputy 1629 Adam Loftus V. Ely Justice 1629 Richard Boyl E. of Cork Justice 1633 Thomas V. Wentworth L. Deputy 1636 Adam Loftus V. Ely Justices 1636 Ch. Wandsworth Esq Mr. of the Rolls Justices 1636 Thomas V. Wentworth Lieutenant 1639 Rob Dillon L. 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Essex Lieutenant 1678 Duke of Ormond Lieutenant 1684 Lord Primate Justices 1684 Lord Grannard Justices 1685 E. of Clarendon Lieutenant 1686 E. of Trrconnel Lieutenant 1690 Lord Viscount Sydney Justices 1690 Tho Coningsby Esq Justices 1692. Lord Viscount Sydney Lieutenant A Catalogue of Books Printed for N. Crouch at the Bell in the Poultrey near Cheapside I. THe History of the House of Orange or a Brief Relation of the Glorious and Magnanimous Atchievements of His Majesties Renowned Predecessors and likewise of His own Heroick Actions till the Late Wonderful Revolution Together with the History of King William and Queen Mary c. Being an Impartial Account of the most Remarkable Passages and Transactions in these Kingdoms from their Majesties Happy Accession to the Throne to this time By R. B. Price One Shilling II. 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