Duke of Cumberland after the extinction of the Male Line of the Cliffords Finally the Kings forces at land being totally defeated he transported himself into France and was afterward made Admiral of such Ships of War as submitted to King Charles the Second to whom after divers disasters at Sea and wonderful preservations he returned to Paris 1652 where and in Germany sometimes at the Emperours Court and sometimes at Heydelberg he passed his time in Princely Studies and Exercises till the Restauration of his Majesty now raigning after which returning into England was made a Privy Counsellour in 1662 and in 1666 being joyned Admiral with the Duke of Albemarle first attackt the whole Dutch Fleet with his Squadron in such a bold resolute way that he put the Enemy soon to flight He enjoys a Pension from his Majesty of 4000 l. per Annum After Prince Rupert the next Heirs to the Crown of England are 3 French Ladies Daughters of Prince Edward lately deceased who was a younger Son of the Queen of Rehemia whose Widdow the Princess Dowager Mother to the said three Ladies is Sister to the late Queen of Poland Daughter and Coheir to the last Duke of Nevers in France amongst which three Daughters there is a Revenue of about 12000 l. Sterling a year After these is the Princess Elizabeth eldest Sister living to the Prince Elector Palatin born 26 Decemb. 1618. unmarried and living in Germany The next is another Sister called the Princess Louisa bred up at the Hague with the Queen her Mother in the Religion of the Church of England at length embracing the Romish Religion is now Lady Abbess of Maubisson at Ponthoise not far from Paris Last of all is the Princess Sophia youngest Daughter to the Queen of Bohemia born at the Hague 1630. and in 1659 wedded to John Duke of Lunenberg and Free Prince of Germany Heir to the Dutchy of Brunswick by whom she hath Sons and Daughters Of these three Princesses it is said that the first is the most learned the second the greatest Artist and the last one of the most accomplisht Ladies in Europe Of the Great Officers of the Crown NExt to the King and Princes of the Blood are reckoned the Great Officers of the Crown whereof there are Eight viz. the Lord High Chancellour the Lord High Treasurer the Lord Privy Seal the Lord High Admiral the Lord Great Chamberlain the Lord High Constable the Earl Marshal and the Lord High Steward for the time being First the Lord High Chancellour Summus Cancellarius so called because all Patents Commissions Warrants coming from the King and perused by him are signed if well or cancelled if amiss He is after the King and Princes of the Blood in Civil Affairs the highest Person in the Kingdom as the Archbishop of Canterbury is in Ecclesiastical Affairs His Office is to keep the Kings Great Seal to judge not according to the Common Law as other Civil Courts do but to moderate the rigour of the Law and to judge according to Equity Conscience or Reason His Oath is to do right to all manner of People poor and rich after the Laws and Customs of the Realm and truly counsel the King to keep secret the Kings Counsel nor suffer so far as he may that the Rights of the Crown be diminisht c. From the time of Henry 2. the Chancellours of England have been ordinarily made of Bishops or other Clergy-men learned in the Civil Laws till Henry 8. made Chancellour one Richard Rich a Common Lawyer from whom is descended the present Earl of Warwick and the Earl of Holland since which time there have been some Bishops but most Common Lawyers This High Office is in France durante vitâ but here is durante beneplacito Regis The Salary from the King is 848 l. per Annum and when the Star-Chamber was up 200 l. per Annum more for his Attendance there The Lord Chancellour or Lord Keeper who differ only in Name is created per traditionem magni Sigilli sibi per dominum Regem and by taking his Oath The Great Seal being lately taken from Edward Earl of Clarendon Lord Chancellour was by his Majesties great favour bestowed upon Sir Orlando Bridgeman with the Title of Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England The next Great Officer of the Crown is the Lord High Treasurer of England who receives this high Office by delivery of a White Staffe to him by the King and holds it durante beneplacito Regis Antiently he received this Dignity by the delivery of the Golden Keys of the Treasury His Oath is little different from that of the Lord Chancellour He is Praefectus Aerarii a Lord by his Office under whose Charge and Government is all the Kings Revenue kept in the Exchequer He hath also the check of all the Officers any way emploied in collecting Imposts Customs Tributes or other Revenues belonging to the Crown He hath the gift of all Customers Controllers and Searchers in all the Ports of England He hath the nomination of the Escheators in every County and in some Cases by Statute is to appoint a Measurer for the length and breadth of Clothes He with others joyned in Commission with him or without letteth Leases of all the Lands belonging to the Crown He giveth Warrants to certain Persons of Quality to have their Wine Custom free The Annual Salary of the Lord High Treasurer is in all 383 li. 7s 8d per Annum Since the decease of Thomas Wriothesly last Earl of South-hampton and last Lord High Treasurer of England this Office hath been executed by a Commission granted to five eminent Persons viz. the Duke of Albemarle Lord Ashley Sir Thomas Clifford Sir Will. Coventry and Sir John Duncomb The Third Great Officer of the Crown is the Lord Privy Seal who is a Lord by his Office under whose hands pass all Charters and Grants of the King and Pardons signed by the King before they come to the Great Seal of England also divers other matters of less Concernment as for payments of money c. which do not pass the Great Seal He is by his Place of the Kings Privy Council and Chief Judge of the Court of Requests when it shall be re-continued and besides his Oath of Privy Counsellour takes a particular Oath as Lord Privy Seal His Salary is His Place according to Statute is next to the Lord President of the Kings Council It is an Office of great Trust and Skill that he put not this Seal to any Grant without good Warrant under the Kings Privy Signet nor with Warrant if it be against Law or Custom until that the King be first acquainted This great Officer is mentioned in the Statutes of 2 Rich. 2. and then â—anked amongst the Chief Persons of the Realm And is at present enjoyed by John Lord Robarts Baron Robarts of Truro The Fourth Great Officer of the Crown is the Lord
shall any way offend It is called the Green Cloth of a Green Cloth whereat they sit over whom are the Arms of the Compting House bearing Vert a Key and a Rod Or a Staffe Argent Saultier signifying their Power to reward and correct as Persons for their great wisdom and experience thought fit by His Majesty to exercise both these Functions in his Royal House The Treasurer of the Kings House is alwayes of the Privy Council and in absence of the Lord Steward hath power with the Comptroller and Steward of the Marshalsea to hear and determine Treasons Felonies and other inferiour Crimes committed within the Kings Palace and that by Verdict of the Kings Houshold Houshold Servants within the Check Roll if any be found guilty of Felony no benefit of Glergy is to be allowed him Antiently this Court might have held Pleas of Freehold also His yearly Fee 124 l. 14 s. 8 d. and a Table of 16 Dishes each Meal He bears a white Staffe and is at present Sir Thomas Clifford The Comptrollers Office is to controul the Accounts and Reckonings of the Green Cloth His yearly Fee is 107 l. 12 s. 4 d. a Table of 16 Dishes each Meal He bears a white Staffe and is at present the Lord Newport The Cofferer is also a Principal Officer hath a special charge and oversight of other Officers of the House for their good Demeanour and Carriage in their Offices and is to pay the Wages to the Kings Servants below Stairs His yearly Fee is 100 l. a Table of 7 Dishes daily and is now Colonel Will. Ashburnbam The next is the Master of the Houshold whose Office is to survey the Accounts of the House His Fee 100 Marks and 7 Dishes daily enjoyed by Sir Herbert Price The Two Clerks of the Green Cloth are Sir Henry Wood and Sir Stephen Fox and the two Clerks Comptrollers Sir William Boreman and Sir Winston Churchill The yearly Fee to each of these four is 48 l. 13 s. 4 d. and between them 2 Tables of 7 Dishes to each Table The rest of the Compting-House being less considerable shall for brevity be past over and for other Officers below stairs onely their Names and Number shall be noted their Fees being not considerable except the Sergeants Fee of each Office In the Bake-House A Sergeant a Clerk divers Yeomen a Garnitor divers Purveyors Grooms and Conducts in all 17 Persons In the Pantry A Sergeant Yeomen Grooms Pages c. in all 11. In the Cellar A Sergeant a Gentleman Yeomen Grooms Purveyors Pages in all 12. In the Buttry A Gentleman Yeoman Grooms Pages Purveyors in all 11. In the Pitcher-House A Yeoman Grooms Page and Clerk in all 5 persons In the Spicery Three Clerks and a Grocer In the Chandlery A Sergeant 2 Yeomen 2 Grooms and a Page in all 6 persons In the Wafery A Yeoman and a Groom In the Confectionary A Sergeant 2 Yeomen a Groom and a Page In the Ewry A Sergeant a Gentleman 2 Yeomen a Groom and 2 Pages In the Landry A Yeoman a Groom 3 Pages and a Draper In the Kitchin Six Clerks a Master Cook to the King a Master Cook to the Houshold 6 Yeomen 7 Grooms 5 Children in all 26 persons In the Larder A Sergeant a Clerk 3 Yeomen 3 Grooms 2 Pages In the 〈◊〉 or the Caterers Office a Sergeant a Clerk Purveyors for Flesh and Fish Yeomen in all 12 persons In the Boyling-House a Yeoman 2 Grooms In the Poultry A Sergeant a Clerk Yeomen Grooms Purveyors in all 10 persons In the Scalding-House Yeomen Grooms and Pages in all 6. In the Pastry A Sergeant a Clerk Yeomen Grooms and Children in all 11 persons In the Scullery A Sergeant a Clerk Yeomen Grooms and Pages in all 12 persons In the Wood-Yard A Sergeant a Clerk Yeomen Groom and Pages in all 8 persons Harbingers 2 Gentlemen 6 Yeomen In the Almonry Sub-Almoner 2 Yeomen Grooms Porters at Gate A Sergeant Sir Edward Bret 2 Yeomen 4 Grooms Cart-Takers 6 in number Surveyors of the Dresser 2 persons Marshals of the Hall 4. Sewers of the Hall 5. Wayters of the Hall 12. Messenger of the Compting-House 1. Bell-Ringer 1. Long-Cart-Takers 4. Wine-Porters 8. Wood-Bearer 1. The Cock 1. Supernumerary Servants to the last King viz. In the Poultry 2 in the Almonry 1 and in the Pastry 1. Besides the fore-named Officers below Stairs there are also under the said Lord Steward all the Officers belonging to the Queens Kitchin Cellar Pantry c. and to the Kings Privy Kitchin and to the Lords Kitchin together with Children Scowrers Turn-broaches c. in all 68. A List of His Majesties Servants in Ordinary above Stairs GEntlemen of the Bed Chamber whereof the first is called Groom of the Stole that is according to the signification of the word in Greek from whence first the Latines and thence the Italian French derive it Groom or Servant of the Robe or Vestment He having the Office and Honour to present and put on His Majesties first Garment or Shirt every morning and to order the things of the Bed-Chamber The Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber consist usually of the Prime Nobility of England Their Office in general is each one in his turn to wait a Week in every Quarter in the Kings Bed-Chamber there to lie by the King on a Pallet-Bed all Night and in the absence of the Groom of the Stole to supply his place The yearly Fee to each is 1000 l. Their Names follow according to their Order John Earl of Bath Groom of the Stole and first Gentleman of the Bed-Chamber George Duke of Buckingham Charles Duke of Richmond William Duke of Newcastle George Duke of Albemarle James Duke of Ormond Earl of Suffolk The Earl of Newport Earl of Ossory Earl of Ogle Lord Gerrard Lord Crofts Lord Lauderdale Lord Mandevil Mr. May Privy Purse Sir George Carteret Vice-Chamberlain George Lord Viscount Grandison Captain of the Guard Sir Edward Griffin Knight Treasurer of the Chamber Sir John Denham Knight of the Bath Surveyor to His Majesty Grooms of the Bed-Chamber Henry Seymour Esquire John Ashburnham Esquire Thomas Elliot Esquire David Walter Esquire William Legg Esquire Sylvius Tytus Esquire Thomas Killegrew Esquire Robert Philips Esquire Edward Progers Esquire Richard Lane Esquire Henry Coventry Esquire These are not to be above the degree of Gentlemen Their Office is to attend in the Kings Bed-Chamber to dress and undress the King in private c. The yearly Fee to each is 500 l. Pages of the Bed-Chamber 6 in number whereof one is Keeper of his Majesties Closet Gentlemen Vshers of the Privy-Chamber Sir William Flemming Marmaduke Darcy Sir Paul Neale Sir Robert Stapleton These wait one at a time in the Privy Lodgings Gentlemen of the Privy-Chamber in Ordinary Sir Edward Griffin Sir Francis Cobb Sir John Boys Sir John Talbot Sir Robert Bindlos Sir Thomas Sandys c. in number forty eight all Knights or Esquires of note Their Office is 12 every
c. In the Kings Court not only striking is forbidden but also all occasions of Striking and therefore the Law saith Nullas Citationes aut summonitiones licet facere infra Palatium Regis apud Westm vel alibi ubi Rex residet The Court of the King of England for Magnificence for Order for Number and Quality of Officers for rich Furniture for Entertainment and Civility to Strangers for plentiful Tables might compare with the best Court of Christendom and far excel the most Courts abroad of one whereof see the Description made by an ingenious Person beyond Sea writing to a Friend of his at Court there Annon in Inferno es Amice qui es in Aula ubi Daemonum habitatio est qui illic suis artibus humanâ licet effigie regnant atque ubi Scelerum Schola est Animarum jactura ingens ac quicquid uspiam est perfidiae ac doli quicquid crudelitatis ac inclementiae quicquid effraenatae superbiae rapacis avaritiae quicquid obscaenae libidinis ac faedissimae impudicitiae quicquid nefandae impietatis morum pessimorum totum illic acervatur cumulatissimè ubi stupra raptus incestus adulteria ubi inebriari jurare pejerare Atheismum profiteri palam principum nobilium ludi sunt ubi fastus tumor ira Liver faedaque cupido cum sociis suis imperare videtur ubi criminum omnium procellae virtutumque omnium inerrabile naufragium c. But the Court of England on the contrary hath been and is hoped ever will be accounted as King James adviseth in his Basilicon Doron a Pattern of Godliness and all Honesty and Vertue and the properest School of Prowess and Heroick Demeanour and the fittest Place of Education for the Nobility and Centry The Court of England hath for a long time been a Pattern of Hospitality to the Nobility and Gentry of England All Noblemen or Gentlemen Subjects or Strangers that came accidently to Court were freely entertained at the plentiful Tables of His Majesties Officers Divers Services or Messes of Meat were every day provided Extraordinary for the Kings honour Two hundred and forty Gallons a day were at the Buttry Barr allowed for the Poor besides all the broken Meat Bread c. gathered into Baskets and given to the Poor at the Court Gates by 2 Grooms and 2 Yeomen of the Almonry who have Salaries of His Majesty for that Service Moreover the Court is an eminent Pattern of Charity and Humility to all that shall see the performance of that Antient Custom by the King and the Queen on the Thursday before Easter called Maundy Thursday wherein the King in a solemn manner doth wash the Feet cloth and feed as many poor Old Men as His Majesty is years old bestowing on every one Cloth for a Gown Linnen for a Shirt Shooes and Stockings a Joul of Salmon a Pol of Ling 30 Red and 30 White Herrings all in clean Wooden Dishes 4 Six Penny Loaves of Bread and a Purse with a 20 s. Piece of Gold The Magnificence and abundant plenty of the Kings Tables hath caused amazement in all Forreigners when they have been informed that yearly was spent of gross Meat 1500 Oxen 7000 Sheep 1200 Veals 300 Porkers 400 Sturks or young Biefes 6800 Lambs 300 Flitches of Bacon and 26 Boares Also 140 Dozen of Geese 250 Dozen of Capons 470 Dozen of Hens 750 Dozen of Pullets 1470 Dozen of Chicken For Bread 36400 Bushels of Wheat and for Drink 600 Tun of Wine and 1700 Tun of Beer Moreover of Butter 46640 Pounds together with Fish and Fowl Venison Fruit Spice proportionable This prodigious plenty caused Forreigners to put a higher value upon the King and caused the Natives who were there freely welcome to encrease their affection to the King it being found as necessary for the King of England this way to endear the English who ever delighted in Feasting as for the Italian Princes by Sights and Shews to endear their subjects who as much delight therein The Court of the Queen Consort of England THe Queens Court sutable to the Consort of so great a King is Splendid and Magnificent Her Majesty hath all Officers and a Houshold apart from the King for the maintenance whereof there is settled 40000 l. per annum For the Ecclesiastique Government of her Court there is first the Grand Almoner Father Howard Brother to the Duke of Norfolk He hath the superintendency over all the Ecclesiastiques belonging to the Queen The next is the Dean of the Chappel Doctor Goodwin The Third is the Treasurer of the Chappel Besides there are 4 Almoners and 4 Preachers 11 Franciscan Monks all Portuguez 6 Benedictins all English divers Persons belonging to the Musick of the Chappel to serve at the Altars Porters c. For the Civil Government of Her Majesties Court she hath a Council consisting of Persons of High Worth and Dignity whereof there are 12. 1. The Lord Vicount Cornbury her Lord Chamberlain 2. The Earl of Manchester 3. Earl of Sandwich 4. Lord Brunkard her Chancellour 5. Sir Richard Beclin her Secretary 6. Mr. Harvey Treasurer of her Houshold 7. Sir William Killigrew her Vice-Chamberlain 8. Mr. Montague her Atturney-General 9. Mr. Montague Brother to the Earl of Manchester her Sollicitor General 10. Mr. Montague Son to Lord Montague of Boughton 11. Sir Charles Harbord 12. Sir Henry Wood. Of Her Majesties Bed-Chamber are six Ladies of high rank first the Countess of Suffolk is her Groom of the Stole next are the Dutchess of Buckingham the Countesses of Castlemaine Bath Mairshal and Falmouth Her Majesty hath six Maids of Honour to wait at other times these must be all Gentlewomen unmarried over whom there is placed a Governess called The Mother of the Maids of Honour who is at present the Lady Sanderson The Maids are Mrs Cary Mrs Boynton Mrs Wells Mrs Price c. There are also 4 Dressers viz. the Ladies Scroop Freyser Killegrew and Mrs Le Guard moreover one Laundress Mrs Nun one Seamstress Mrs Chivens There are five Gentlemen Ushers of the Privy Chamber Sir William Courtney c. Five Gentlemen Ushers Daily Waiters Six Pages of the Back Stairs Eight Grooms of the Privy Chamber Two Carvers two Sewers two Cupbearers all Persons of quality Seven Gentlemen Ushers Quarter Waiters Four Pages of the Presence Master of Her Majesties Horse is Mr. Montague Son to the Lord Montague of Boughton To her Stable belong 4 Queries Persons of worth and 13 Grooms and 3 Messengers c. Of the Court of the Queen Mother THe highest Office in Her Majesties Court is that of Lord Chamberlain and Steward of Her Majesties Revenue enjoyed at present by Henry Lord Germin Earl of St. Albans whose Salary is and a Table of Dishes Monsieur Vantelet Vice-Chamberlain whose Salary is 200 l. per annum The third place is Her Majesties Chancellour enjoyed at present by Sir J. Winter Sir Henry Wood and Sir Robert Long whose Salary is and a Table of Dishes The
by the Earl of Sandwich conducted by a Squadron of Ships to Portsmouth where the King first met her and was remarried On the 23th of August 1662 her Majesty coming by water from Hampton Court was with great Pomp and Magnificence first received by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London at Chelsey and thence conducted by water to Whitehall The Portion she brought with her was Eight hundred Millions of Reas or two Millions of Crusado's being about Three hundred thousand pounds Sterling together with that important place of Tangier upon the Coast of Africk and the Isle of Bombaim neer Goa in the East Indies with a Priviledge that any Subjects of the King of England may trade freely in the East and VVest Indie Plantations belonging to the Portugueses Her Majesties Joynture by the Articles of Marriage is Thirty thousand pounds Sterling per Annum and the King out of his great affection toward her hath as an addition settled upon her 10000 l. per Annum more The Queens Arms as Daughter of Portugal is Argent 5 Scutcheons Azure cross wise each Scutcheon charged with 5 Plates or Besants Argent Saltier-wise with a Point Sable the Border Gules charged with 7 Castles Or. This Coat was first worn by the Kings of Portugal in memory of a Signal Battel obtained by the first King of Portugal Don Alphonso against 5 Kings of the Moors before which Battel appeared Christ crucified in the air and a Voice heard as once to Constantine the Great In hoc signo vinces before which time the Portugal Arms were Argent a Cross Azure Queen CATHERINE is a Personage of such rare perfections of Mind and Body of such eminent Piety Modesty and other Vertues that the English Nation may yet promise all the happiness they are capable of from a Succession of Princes to govern them to the end of the World Of the Queen-Mother THe Third Person in the Kingdom is the Queen-Mother or Dowager Henretta Maria de Bourbon Daughter to the Great King Henry the Fourth Sister to the Just King Lewis the Eleventh Wife to the Pious Martyr King Charles the First Mother to our Gracious Sovereign King Charles the Second and Aunt to the present Puissant King Lewis the 14th She was born the 19th of November 1609 married first at Nostre Dame in Paris by Proxy 1625 and shortly after in the moneth of June arriving at Dover was at Canterbury espoused to King Charles the First In the year 1629. was delivered of her First born a Son that died shortly after in 1630 of her Second our present Soveraign whom God long preserve in 1631 of her Third Mary the late Princess of Orenge a Lady of admirable Vertues who had the happiness to see the King her Brother restored 6 or 7 moneths before her death In 1633 of her Fourth James now Duke of York In 1635 of her Fifth named Elizabeth who being a Princess of incomparable Abilities and Vertues died for grief soon after the murther of her father In 1636 of her Sixth named Anna who died young In the year 1640 of her Seventh Child Henry of Oatlands designed Duke of Glocester who living till above 20 being most excellently accomplished in all Princely Endowments died four moneths after the Restauration of the King In the year 1644 of her Eighth the Lady Henretta now Dutchess of Orleans In the year 1641 her Majesty fore-seeing the ensuing storm of Rebellion and seeing the groundless Odium raised already against her self timely withdrew her self with her eldest Daughter then newly married to Henry Prince of Orange into Holland whence in 1643 after a most furious storm and barbarous fierce pursuit of the English Rebels at Sea she landed at Burlington Bay with Men Money and Ammunition and soon after with a considerable Army met the King at Edgehill and thence was conducted to Oxford In April 1644 marching with competent forces from Oxford towards Exeter at Abington took her last farewel of the King whom she never saw again In July following embarkt at Pendennis Castle she sailed into France where entertained at the Charges of her Nephew the persent King of France she passed a solitary retired life until the moneth of October 1660. when upon the Restauraution of her Son to the Crown of England she came to London and having settled her Revenues here she went again with her youngest Daughter the Lady Henretta into France to see her espoused to the then Duke of Anjou now of Orleans and in the moneth of July 1662 being returned into England she settled her Court at Somerset-House where she continued till May 1665 then crossed the Seas again and hath ever since continued in France her Native Countrey She needeth no other Character then what is found in the Seventh Chapter of that inimitable Book compiled by him that knew her best Of the present Princes and Princesses of the Blood Royal of England THe First Prince of the Blood in France called Monsieur sans queue is the Most Illustrious Prince James Duke of York Second Son to King Charles the Martyr and only Brother to the present King our Soveraign He was born Octob. 14. 1633 and forth-with proclaimed at the Court Gates Duke of York the 24th of the same moneth was baptized and afterward committed to the Government of the then Countess of Dorset The 27th of July 1643 at Oxford was created by Letters Patents Duke of York though called so by special command from his Birth without those Solemnities the iniquity of the times not admitting thereof that were used to the King his Father 1605 when being Second Son to King James and so Duke of Albany in Scotland was created Duke of York with the preceding Solemn Creation of divers young Noblemen to be Knights of the Bath and the Robes of State put upon him the Cap of State on his Head and the Golden Rod into his Hand the Prime Nobility and Heralds assisting at that Ceremony After the Surrender of Oxford his Royal Highness was in 1646 conveyed to London by the then prevailing disloyal part of the Two Houses of Parliament and committed with his Brother Glocester and Sister Elizabeth to the care of the Earl of Northumberland In 1648 aged about 15 was by Colonel Bampfield conveyed in a disguise or habit of a Girle beyond Sea first to his Sister the Princess Royal of Orenge in Holland and afterward to the Queen his Mother then at Paris where he was carefully educated in the Religion of the Church of England and in all Exercises meet for such a Prince About the Age of 20 in France he went into the Campagne and served with much Gallantry under that great Commander the Protestant Mareschal de Turenne for the French King against the Spanish forces in Flanders Notwithstanding which upon a Treaty between the French King and Cromwell in 1655 being obliged with all his retinue to leave the French Dominions and invited into Flanders by Don Juan of Austria he there served
High Admiral of England whose Trust and Honour is so great that this Office hath usually been given either to some of the Kings younger Sons near Kinsmen or to some one of the highest and chiefest of all the Nobility He is called Admiral from Amir in Arabick and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the Greek that is Praefectus Marinus a word borrowed from the Eastern Empire where such kind of compounds were much in re-request and introduced into England after the Wars in the Holy Land by King Richard or King Edward 1. The Patent of the Lord Admiral did anciently run thus Angliae Hiberniae Aquitaniae Magnus Admirallus but at present thus Angliae Hiberniae ac Dominiorum Insularum earundem Villae Callesiae Marchiarum ejusdem Normandiae Gasconiae Aquitaniae Magnus Admirallus Praefectus Generalis Classis Marium dictorum Regnorum To the Lord High Admiral of England is by the King intrusted the management of all Marine Affairs as well in respect of Jurisdiction as Protection He is that High Officer or Magistrate to whom is committed the Government of the Kings Navy with Power of decision in all Causes Maritime as well Civil as Criminal of all things done upon or beyond the Sea in any part of the World all things done upon the Sea Coasts in all Ports and Havens and upon all Rivers below the first Bridge next toward the Sea The Lord Admiral hath the power to commissionate a Vice-Admiral a Reer Admiral and all Sea Captains also Deputies for particular Coasts Coroners to view dead bodies found on the Sea Coasts or at Sea Commissioners or Judges for exercising Justice in the Court of Admiralty to imprison release c. He hath sometimes a power to bestow Knighthood to such as shall deserve it at Sea To the Lord Admiral belongs by Law and Custom all penalties and amercements of all Transgressors at Sea on the Sea Shore in Ports and from the first Bridge on Rivers towards the Sea also the Goods of Pyrats Felons or Capital Faulters condemned outlawed or horned Moreover all Waifs Stray Goods Wrecks of Sea Deodands a share of all lawful Prizes Lagon Jetson and Flotson as the Mariners term them that is Goods lying in the Sea on Ground Goods floting on the Sea and Goods cast by the Sea on the Shore not granted to Lords of Mannors adjoyning to the Sea All great Fishes as Sea Hogs and other Fishes of extraordinary bigness called Royal Fishes except only Whales and Sturgeons This High Dignity is at present enjoyed by the Kings only Brother the Illustrious Prince James Duke of York The Fifth Great Officer of the Crown is the Lord Great Chamberlain of England an Officer of great Antiquity to whom belongs Livery and Lodging in the Kings Court and certain Fees due from each Archbishop and Bishop when they do their Homage or Fealty to the King and from all Peers of the Realm at their Creation or doing the Homage or Fealty and at the Coronation of any King to have 40 Ells of Crimson Velvet for his own Robes and on the Coronation day before the King riseth to bring him his Shirt Coyfe Wearing Clothes and after the King is by him apparelled and gone forth to have his Bed and all Furniture of his Bed-Chamber for his Fees all the Kings Night Apparel and to carry at the Coronation the Coyfe Gloves and Linnen to be used by the King upon that occasion also the Sword and Scabberd and the Gold to be offered by the King and the Robe Royal and Crown and to undress and attire the King with his Robes Royal and to serve the King that day before and after Dinner with water to wash his hands and to have the Basin and Towells for his Fees c. This Honour was long enjoyed by the Earls of Oxford from the time of Hen. 1. by an Estate Tayle or Inheritance but in the two last Coronations by the Earls of Lindsey and that by an Estate of Inheritance from a Daughter or Heir General claimed and controverted The Sixth Great Officer is the Lord High Constable of England so called some think from the Saxon Cuning by contraction King and Stable quasi-Regis columen for it was antiently written Cuningstable but rather from Comes Stabuli whose Power and Jurisdiction was antiently so great that after the death of Edward Bohun Duke of Buckingham 1521 the last High Constable of England it was thought too great for any Subject But since upon occasion of Coronations as at that of King Charles 2. was made the present Earl of Northumberland and at Solemn Trials by Combat as at that which was intended between Rey and Ramsey 1631 was made Robert Earl of Lindsey there is created pro hac vice a Lord High Constable His Power and Jurisdiction is the same with the Earl Marshal with whom he sits Judge in the Marshals Court and takes place of the Earl Marshal The Seventh Great Officer of the Crown is the Earl Marshal of England so called from Mare in the old Saxon i.e. Horses and Schal Praefectus He is an Earl some say by his Office whereby he taketh as the Constable doth Cognisance of all matters of War and Arms determineth Contracts touching Deeds of Arms out of the Realm upon Land and matters concerning Wars within the Realm which cannot be determined by Common Law This Office is of great Antiquity in England and antiently of great Power The last Earl Marshal was Henry Howard Earl of Arundel who died in 1652 his Father Thomas Earl of Arundel and he enjoying that Office onely for the Term of their lives by the Kings Letters Patents At the Coronation of His Majesty now raigning the present Earl of Suffolk for that Solemnity only was made Earl Marshal The Eighth and last Great Officer of the Crown is the Lord High Steward of England quasi Stedeward Locum tenens the Kings Lieftenant in Lawyers Latin Seneschallus of Sen in Saxon Justice and Schals Governour or Officer His Power antiently in Civil Matters was next to the King and was so transcendent that it was thought fit not longer to trust it in the hands of any Subject for his Office was Supervidere regulare sub Rege immediatè post Regem as an antient Record speaks totum Regnum Angliae omnes ministros Legum infra idem regnum temporibus pacis guerrarum The last that had a State of Inheritance in this High Office was Henry of Bullinbrook Son and Heir to the great Duke of Lancaster John of Gaunt afterwards King of England since which time they have been made only hâc vice to officiate at a Coronation by vertue of which Office he sitteth judicially and keepeth his Court in the Kings Palace at Westminster and there receiveth the Bills and Petitions of all such Noblemen and others who by reason of their Tenure or otherwise claim to do Services at the New Kings Coronation
next is the Lord Arundel of Warder and Count of the Empire Master of the Horse whose Salary is Then Her Majesties Secretary Sir John Winter The Treasurer Receiver General of Her Majesties Revenues Sir Henry Wood. Sir Thomas Bond Comptroller of the Houshold whose Salary is Sir Thomas Ork and divers other Officers of the Robes Four Gentlemen ushers of the Privy Chamber to each of which is 130 l. Salary per annum and diet Two Cupbearers two Carvers two Sewers two Gentlemen Ushers of the Presence Chamber Salary to each 120 l. and diet all these at a Table together Four Grooms of the Privy Chamber Salary 60 l. and diet Four Gentlemen ushers Quarter Waiters Salary 60 l. and diet Four Pages of the Presence Eight Grooms of the Great Chamber For guarding Her Majesties Person She hath first a Captain of her Guard the Earl of St. Albans A Lieutenant Monsieur de la Chapelle An Exempt of the Guards Monsieur Fremon 24 Gentlemen Soldiers in Black Velvet Cassocks and Golden embroidered Badges marching or waiting about the Person of Her Majesty when in Sedan or at Chappel or Table or Coach with two Horses on foot with Halberts and when in Coach and 6 Horses on Horseback with Carabins in all places within doors as without covered For to take care of Her Majesties Health There is one Physician and one Apothecary For to wait on Her Majesty in her Bed-Chamber There are first the Ladies of the Bed-Chamber the chief whereof is The Dutchess Dowager of Richmond Sister to the present Duke of Buckingham who is Groom of the Stole And the Countess of Newport Lady of the Chamber Of the Privy Chamber there are 4 Ladies all English Fee 150 l. each one they are at present the Lady Price the Lady Bond c. Women of the Bed-Chamber 8 or 9 partly French and partly English In the Laundry The Lady Sanderson is the Chief Laundress 1 Seamstress 1 Starcher In the Stable the Chief Query or Escuyer is Sir Edward Wingfield The many Officers in the Buttry Cellar Pantry Ewâ—y c. shall be for brevity passed over Her Majesty hath also 4 Coaches with 6 Horses each also 12 Footmen a Barge with 12 men in Liveries Moreover Pages of the Back Stairs 4 c. In the Chappel There is first the Lord Almoner Abbot Montague 800 l. per annum Father Lambart Confessor to Her Majesty a Frenchman 300 l. per annum Father Gough Priest of the Oratory Clerk of Her Majesties Private Chappel and Assistant to the Confessor an Englishman 200 l. per annum A Lay Brother of the Oratory 40 l. Besides these there is adjoyning to the Chappel a Convent of Capuchins wherein is a Father Guardian 7 other Priests and two Lay Brothers all French whose Office is to perform the Office of the Chappel daily also to preach on Sundayes and Holydayes and in Lent three dayes every Week for the maintenance of these Her Majesty allows 500 l. per annum Her Majesties Revenue is for her Joynture 30000 l. yearly and of His Majesty a Pension of 30000 l. more out of the Exchequer Divers other Offices belonging to Her Majesties Court as Master of Buck Hounds and Bows and Musick Master of the Queens Games The present State of the Court of his Royal Highness the Duke of York His Majesties only Brother according to the last Establishment STeward of the Houshold John Lord Berkley 800 l. Treasurer of the Houshold and Receiver of the Revenue Sir Alan Apsley his Fee 400 Marks or 266 l. 13 s. 4 d. Comptroller Sir Henry de Vic 266 l. 13 s. 4 d. Secretary Matthew Wren Esquire 200 l. Keeper of the Privy Purse Marquiss de Bland 100 l. Master of the Robes and Groom of the Bed-Chamber Edward Villiers Esquire 266 l. 13 s. 4 d. Seven other Grooms of the Bed-Chamber Richard Nicols Robert Worden Henry Killegrew Roger Vaughan Anthony Eyre Henry Howard Mr. Thynn now Resident in Swethland each 200 l. Belonging to his Royal Highness Cappel Almoner Doctor Henry Killegrew 100 l. Five Chaplains Dr. William Clark Dr. William Thomas Dr. Richard Watson Mr. Turner Mr. Doughty each 50 l. Sacristan 40 l. Keeper of the Closet 40 l. Gentleman-usher 80 l. Nine Gentlemen Waiters each 40 l. Yeoman of the Robes Mr. Lawrence du Puy 60 l. Brusher 40 l. Yeoman of the Wardrobe Philip Kinnersly 100 l. Two Barbers each 80 l. Four Pages of the Back Stairs each 80 l. A Governour of the Pages Two Grooms of the Privy-Chamber Two Grooms of the Presence A Fire-maker in the Presence Two Physitians Three Chirurgeons Two Apothecaries A Secretary of the Languages 100 l. A Gentleman Harbinger 50 l. besides Riding Charges 8 s. 4 d. per diem Semstress and Laundress to the Body Mrs du Puy 250 l. Laundress to the Table Mrs Katherine Atkinson 200 l. Yeoman of the Wine Cellar Mr. Tuke 70 l. Yeoman of the Beer Cellar Mr. Pierce 60 l. Yeoman of the Poultry and Larder 60 l. Yeoman of the Woodyard and Skullery 50 l. Of the Pantry and Ewry 50 l. Porter 50 l. Keeper of the Armory 50 l. Trumpeter 30 l. Necessary Woman 40 l. Chamber-Keeper to the Maids Bottleman Two Clerks to the Commissioners Messenger to the Commissioners 71 l. 18 s. 4 d. Door-Keeper to the Commissioners Clerk of the Kitchin 50 l. Master Cook 40 l. Second Cook 30 l. Three Turn-broaches each 18 l. 5 s. Two Scowrers each 18 l. 5 s. Pan-keeper Porter of the Kitchin Porter of the Back-Stairs Cole-Carrier Porter at Whitehall Gardiner Officers of his Highnesses Revenue Attourney General Sir Edward Turner 40 l. Solliciter General Sir Edward Thurland 40 l. Solliciter Charles Porten Esquire 40 l. Auditor General Thomas Holder Esquire 180 l. Assistant to the Auditor Henry Thwaits Messenger to the Revenue Mr. Dutton 71 l. 18 s. 4 d. Officers of the Admiralty Sir William Turner Mr. David Bud. Seven Huntsmen of the Buck-hounds Six Huntsmen of the Fox-hounds Teacher of the Setting Dogs Dancing Master Fencing Master Master of the Barges Twenty four Watermen Pensioners Officers and Servants in his Highnesses Stable Henry Jermin Esquire Master of the Horse 266 l. 13 s. 4 d. Three Escuyries each 100 l. Clerk of the Stables 60 l. Surveyor of the Stable 40 l. Yeoman Rider 80 l. Governour of the Pages 78 l. Six Pages each 52 l. Fourteen Foot-men each 39 l. Fifteen Grooms each 32 l. 10 s. Three Coachmen each 78 l. For themselves 3 Postillions and 3 Helpers Besides Linnen Stockings and Liveries twice a year Two Sumpter men each 26 l. Three Muleters each 26 l. Porter of the Stables 32 l. 10 s. Officers and Servants belonging to Her Royal Highness the Dutchess GRroom of the Stole Countess of Rochester 400 l. Lady of the Bed-Chamber Countess of Peterborough 200 l. Four Maids of Honour Mrs. Arabella Churchil 20 l. Mrs. Dorothy Howard 20 l. Mrs. Anne Ogle 20 l. Mrs Mary Blague 20 l. Mother of the Maids Mrs. Lucy
Garter upon the Left Leg upon pain of paying 2 Crowns to any Officer of the Order who shall first claim it onely in taking a Journey a Blew Ribon under the Boot doth suffice Upon the Left Shoulder upon Cloak Coat or Riding Cassack in all places of Assembly when they wear not their Robes they are to wear an Escutcheon of the Arms of St. George that is a Cross with a Garter and this by an Order made April 1626. That Ornament and Embellishment about the said Escutcheon now worn and called the Star or rather the Sun in its glory was at the same time enjoyned The The greatest Monarchs of Christendome have been enrolled and have taken it for an Honour to be of this Order There have been of this Order since the Institution 8 Emperours 25 or 26 Forreign Kings besides many Soveraign Princes c. The Fellows and Companions of the Most Noble Order of St. George are at present these that follow ranked according as they are seated in their several Stalls at Windsor IN the first Stall on the right hand is the Soveraigne of the Order King Charles the Second who is Patron and Sole Disposer of the Order The Stall opposite to His Majesty is now void In the other Stalls on the Sovereign Side are thus placed these that follow 2 The Duke of York 3 Prince Rupert 4 Marquiss of Brandenbourgh 5 Earl of Salisbury 6 Earl of Northumberland 7 Duke of Buckingham 8 Earl of Bristol 9 Count Marsin 10 Earl of Sandwich 11 Duke of Richmond 12 Earl of Strafford 13th Stall is void On the other side opposite to these afore-named are placed in this Order these that follow 2 Prince Elector Palatine 3 Prince of Orenge 4 Prince of Denmark 5 Earl of Berkshire 6 Duke of Ormond 7 Duke of Newcastle 8 Prince of Tarent 9 Duke of Albemarle 10 Earl of Oxford 11 Earl of Manchester 12 Duke of Monmouth 13th Stall on this Side also is void The whole number of Fellows of this Order is not to exceed 26. In the next place are Knights Bannerets Equites Vexilliferi antiently a high Honour now obsolete there being at this time none of this Order in England These may bear Supporters of their Arms and none under this Degree Knights of the Bath so called of their Bathing used before they are created The first of this sort were made by Henry 4th Anno 1399. They are now commonly made at the Coronation of a King or Queen or Installation of 〈◊〉 Prince of VVales They weaâ— a Scarlet Ribon Belt-wise They are still made with much Ceremony too long here to be described Other Knights called Equites Aurati from the Gilt Spurs usually put upon them and Knights Batchelors quasi Baschevaliers Knights of lower Degree So Bachelors in Arts or Divinity quasi Low Knights or Servitors in Arts. These were antiently made by girding with a Sword and Gilt Spurs and was bestowed onely upon Sword men for their Military Service and was reâ—uted an excellent and glorious Degree and a Noble Reward â—or Courageous Persons but â—f late being made more common and bestowed upon â—own Men contrary to the â—ature of the thing as Degrees â—n the University are sometimes â—estowed upon Sword men it â—s become of much less reputaâ—ion Yet amongst Gown men 〈◊〉 is given only to Lawyers and â—hysitians and not to Divines â—ho may as well become that Dignity and be Spiritual Knights as well as Spiritual Lords These are now made with no other Ceremony but kneeling down the King with a drawn Sword lightly toucheth them on the Shoulder after which heretofore the King said in French Sois Chevalier au nom de Dieu and then Avances Chevalier When a Knight is to suffeâ— death for any foul Crime hiâ— Military Girdle is first to be ungirt his Sword taken away hiâ— Spurs cut off with an Hatchetâ— his Gantlet pluckt off and hiâ— Coat of Arms reversed Next amongst the Loweâ— Nobility are Esquires so called from the French word Escuyers Scutigeri because they were wont to bear before the Prince in War or before the better sort of Nobility 〈◊〉 Shield or else perhaps because they bear a Coat of Arms as Ensigns of their descent and by our Lawyers are called Armigeri Of this Title are first all Vicounts eldest Sons and all Vicounts and Barons younger Sons and by the Common Law of England all the Sons of Earls Marquisses and Dukes are Esquires and no more Next are the Esquires of the Kings Body mentioned among the Officers of the Kings Court after these are reckoned Knights eldest Sons and their eldest Sons for ever then younger Sons of the elder Sons of Barons next Esquires created by the King by putting about their Necks a Collar of Esses and bestowing on them a pair of Silver Spurs Lastly any that are in superiour Publick Office for King or State are reputed Esquires or equal to Esquires as Justices of the Peace Mayors of Towns so Councellours at Law Batchelors of Divinity Law or Physick although none of them really are so In the last place among thâ— lower Nobility are accounted the Gentry of England that have no other Title but are descended of antient Families that have alwayes born a Coaâ— of Arms. This Kind of Honour is derived from the Germans to the rest of Christendome and was never known in any Countrey where the German Customs were unknown as in Asia Africa and America The Germans antiently warring oft amongst themselves painted their Scutcheons with the Picture of some Beast Bird or other thing for distinction and put some eminent and visible Mark upon the Crest of their Helmets and this Ornament both of Arms and Crest descended by inheritance to their Children to the eldest pure and to the rest with some note of distinction such as the Old Master of Ceremonies in High Dutch Here-alt now Herald thought fit Gentlemen well descended and well qualified have alwayes been of such repute in England that none of the higher Nobility no nor the King himself have thought it unfitting to make them sometimes their Companions The Title of Gentleman in England as of Cavalier in France Italy and Spain is not disdained by any Nobleman All Noblemen are Gentlemen though all Gentlemen are not Noblemen The State of Gentry was antiently such that it was accounted an abasing of Gentry to put their Sons to get their Living by Shop-keeping and our Law did account it a disparagement of a Ward in Chivalry to be married to a Shop-keepers Daughter or to any meer Citizen for Tradesmen in all Ages and Nations have been reputed ignoble in regard of the doubleness of their Tongue without which they cannot grow rich for Nihil proficiunt nisi admodum mentiuntur as Tully observed and therefore amongst the Thebans no man was admitted to places of Honour or Trust unless he had left off trading ten years before So by the Imperial Laws a Tradesman is not capable of any