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A34242 The confession of faith ; and, The larger and shorter catechism first agreed upon by the Westminster Assembly of Divines at Westminster, and now approved by the General Assembly of the kirk of Scotland to be a part of uniformity in religion between the kirks of Christ in the three kingdoms.; Westminster Confession of Faith. Dickson, David, 1583?-1663. Summe of saving knowledge.; Church of Scotland. General Assembly.; Westminster Assembly (1643-1652). Larger catechism.; Westminster Assembly (1643-1652). Shorter catechism. 1671 (1671) Wing C5769; ESTC R27273 112,419 253

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Testament wherein by giving and receiving bread and wine according to the appointment of Jesus Christ his death is shewed forth and they that worthily communicate feed upon his body and blood to their spiritual nourishment and growth in grace have their union communion with him confirmed testifie and renew their thankfulness and ingagement to God and their mutual love and fellowship each with other as members of the same mystical body Q. 169. How hath Christ appointed bread wine to be given and received in the Sacrament of the Lords Supper A. Christ hath appointed the ministers of his word in the administratition of the Sacrament of the Lords Supper to set apart the bread and wine from common use by the word of institution thanksgiving prayer to take and break the bread and to give both the bread the wine to the Communicants who are by the same appointment to take eat the bread and to drink the wine in thankful remembrance that the body of Christ was broken and given and his blood shed for them Q. 170. How do they that worthily communicate in the Lords Supper feed upon the body and blood of Christ therein A. As the body and blood of Christ are not corporally or carnally present in with or under the bread and wine in the Lords Supper and yet are spiritually present to the faith of the receiver no less truly and really than the elements themselves are to their outward sense so they that worthily communicate in the Sacrament of the Lords Supper do therein feed upon the body and blood of Christ not after a corporal or carnal but in a spiritual manner yet truly really while by faith they receive and apply unto themselves Christ crucified and all the benefits of his death Q. 171. How are they that receive the Sacrament of the Lords Supper to prepare themselves before they come unto it A. They that receive the Sacrament of the Lords Supper are before they come to prepare themselves thereunto by examining themselves of their being in Christ of their sins and wants of the truth and measure of their knowledge faith repentance love to God and the brethren charity to all men forgiving those that have done them wrong of their desires after Christ and of their new obedience and by renewing the exercise of these graces by serious meditation and fervent prayers Q. 172. May one who doubteth of his being in Christ or of his due preparation come to the Lords Supper A. One who doubteth of his being in Christ or of his due preparation to the Sacrament of the Lords supper may have true interest in Christ though he be not yet assured thereof and in Gods account hath it if he be duely affected with the apprehension of the want of it unfainedly desires to be found in Christ and to depart from iniquity in which case because promises are made and this Sacrament is appointed for the relief even of weak and doubting Christians he is to bewail his unbelief and labour to have his doubts resolved and so doing he may and ought to come to the Lords Supper that he may be further strengthened Q. 173. May any who profess the faith and desire to come to the Lords Supper be kept from it A. Such as are found to be ignorant or scandalous notwithstanding their profession of the faith and desire to come to the Lords Supper may and ought to be kept from that Sacrament by the power which Christ hath left in his Church until they receive instruction and manifest their reformation Q. 174. What is required of them that receive the Sacrament of the Lords Supper in the time of the administration of it A. It is required of them that receive the Sacrament of the Lords Supper that during the time of the administration of it with all holy reverence and attention they wait upon God in that Ordinance did ligently observe the Sacramental Elements and actions heedfully discern the Lords Body and affectionatly meditate on his death and sufferings and thereby stir up themselves to a vigorous exercise of their graces in judging themselves and sorrowing for sin in earnest hungring and thirsting after Christ feeding on him by faith receiving of his fulness trusting in his merits rejoycing in his love giving thanks for his grace in renewing of their Covenant with God and love to all the Saints Q. 175. What is the duty of Christians after they have received the Sacrament of the Lords Supper A. The duty of Christians after they have received the Sacrament of the Lords Supper is seriously to consider how they have behaved themselves therein and with what success if they find quickning and comfort to bless God for it beg the continuance of it watch against relapses fulfil their vows and incourage themselves to a frequent attendance on that ordinance but if they find not present benefit more exactly to review their preparation to carriage at the Sacrament in both which if they can approve themselves to God and their own consciences they are to wait for the fruit of it in due time but if they see they have failed in either they are to be humbled and to attend upon it afterward with more care diligence Q. 176. Wherein do the Sacraments of Baptism and the Lords Supper agree A. The Sacraments of Baptism and the Lords Supper agree in that the Author of both is God the spiritual part of both is Christ and his benefits both are seals of the same Covenant are to be dispensed by Ministers of the Gospel and by none other and to be continued in the Church of Christ untill his second coming Q. 177. Wherein do the Sacraments of Baptism and the Lords Supper differ A. The Sacraments of Baptism and the Lords Supper differ in that Baptism is to be administred but once with water to be a sign seal of our regeneration and ingrafting into Christ and that even to infants whereas the Lords Supper is to be administred often in the Elements of bread and wine to represent and exhibit Christ as spiritual norrishment to the soul and to confirm our continuance and growth in him and that only to such as are of years and abilitie to examine themselves Q. 178. What is Prayer A. Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God in the name of Christ by the help of his spirit with confession of our sins and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies Q. 179. Are we to pray unto God only A. God only being able to search the hearts hear the requests pardon the sins
require of us that we may escape his wrath and curse due to us by reason of the transgression of the Law A. That we may escape the wrath and curse of God due to us by reason of the transgression of the Law he requireth of us repentance toward God and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ and the diligent use of the outward means whereby Christ communicates to us the benefits of his mediation Q. 154. What are the outward means whereby Christ communicates to us the benefits of his mediation A. The outward and ordinary means wereby Christ communica●eth to his Church the benefits of his ●ediation are all his ordinances ●specially the word Sacraments ●nd Prayer all which are made effe●tual to the elect for their salvation Q. 195. How i● the Word made ●ffectual to salvation A. The Spirit of God maketh the ●●ading but especially the preaching ●f the word an effectual means of ●●lightning convincing and hum●ing sinners of driving them out 〈◊〉 themselves drawing them un●● Christ of conforming them to 〈◊〉 Image subduing them to his ●ll of strengthening them against ●●mptations and corruptions of building them up in grace and establishing their hearts in holiness and comfort through faith unto salvation Q. 156. Is the word of God to b● read by all A. Although all are not to be permitted to read the word publickly to th● Congregation yet all sorts of people are bound to read it apart b● themselves and with their fam●●lies to which end the holy Scrip●tures are to be translated out of 〈◊〉 Original into vulgar languages Q. 157. How is the word of G●● to be read A. The holy Scriptures are to be rea● with an high and reverent esteem them with a firm perswasion th● they are the very word of God that he only can enable us to und●●●stand them with desire to kno● believe obey the will of God ●●●vealed in them with diligence attention to the matter 〈◊〉 of them with meditation app●●●cation self-denial and praye● Q. 158. By whom is the word God to be preached A. The word of God is to be prea●●●ed only by such as are sufficie●●●ly gifted and also duly approved and called to that office Q. 159. How is the word of God to be preached by those that are called thereunto A. They that are called to labour in the ministry of the word are to preach sound doctrine diligently in season out of season plainly not in the enticing words of mens wisdom but in demonstration of the Spirit and power faithfully mak●ng known the whole counsel of God wisely applying themselves to ●he necessities and capacities of the ●earers zealously with fervent ●ove to God and the souls of the people sincerely aiming at his glory and their conversion edi●ication and salvation Q. 160. What is required of those ●hat hear the word preached A. It is required of those that hear ●he word preached that they attend ●pon it with diligence preparati●n prayer examine what they ●ear by the Scriptures receive the ●●uth with faith love meekness ●nd readiness of mind as the Word of God meditate and confer of it hide it in their hearts and bring forth the fruit of it in their lives Q. 161. How do the Sacraments become effectual means of Salvation A. The Sacraments become effectual means of Salvation not by any power in themselves or any vertue derived from the piety intention of him by whom they are administred but only by the working of the holy Ghost and the blessing of Christ by whom they are instituted Q. 162. What is a Sacrament A. A Sacrament is an holy ordinance instituted by Christ in his Church to signifie seal and exhibit unto those that are within the Covenant of Grace the benefits of his mediation to strengthen and increase their faith all other graces to oblige them to obedience to testifie and cherish their love and communion one with another and to distinguish them from those that are without Q. 163. What are the parts of a Sacrament A. The parts of a Sacrament are two the one an outward and sen●sible sign used according to Christs own appointment the other an inward and spiritual grace thereby signified Q. 164. How many Sacraments hath Christ instituted in his Church under the New Testament A. Under the New Testament Christ hath instituted in his Church only two Sacraments Baptism and the Lords Supper Q. 163. What is Baptism A. Baptism is a Sacrament of the New Testament wherein Christ hath ordained the washing with water in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the holy Ghost to be a sign and seal of ingrafting into himself of remission of sins by his blood and regeneration by his Spirit of adoption and resurrection unto everlasting life and whereby the parties baptized are solemnly admitted into the visible Church and enter into an open and professed ingagement to be wholly and only the Lords Q. 166. Unto whom is Baptism to be administred A. Baptism is not to be administred to any that are out of the visible Church so strangers from the Covenant of promise till they profess their faith in Christ and obedience to him but infants descending from parents either both or but one of them pr●fessing faith in Christ and obedience to him are in that respect within the Covenant and to be baptized Q. 167. How is our baptism to be improved by us A. The needful but much neglected duty of improving our Baptism is to be performed by us all our life long especially in the time of temptation and when we are present at the administration of it to others by serious and thankful con●ideration of the nature of it of the ends for which Christ instituted it the priviledges and benefits conferred and sealed thereby and our solemn vow made therein by being humbled for our sinful defilements our falling short of and walking contrary to the grace of Baptism and our ingagements by growing up to assurance of pardon of sin and of all other blessings sealed to us in that Sacrament by drawing strength from the death and resurrection of Christ into whom we are baptized for the mortifying of sin and quickning of grace and by endeavouring to live by faith to have our conversation in holiness and righteousness as those that have therein given up there name to Christ and to walk in brotherly love as being baptized by the same spirit into one body Q. 168. What is the Lords Supper A. The Lords Supper is a Sacrament of the New
saving Faith But I may the weak believer say in the sense of my own sinfulness and fear of Gods wrath am fled to Iesus Christ the only remedy of sin and misery and have ingaged my heart to the obedience of the Law of Love Therefore my faith is not a presumtuous and dead faith but true and saving faith The fourth warrant and spec●al motive to believe in Christ is much assurance of life given in case men shall obey the command of believing and a fearful certification of destruction in case they obey not holden forth Ioh. 3.35 THe Father loveth the Son and hath given all things into his hand ver 36 He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life and he that believeth not the Son shall not see life but the wrath of God abideth on him Wherein are holden forth to us these five following Doctrines 1. That the Father is well satisfied with the undertakings of the Son entered Redeemer and Surety to pay the ransom of believers and to perfect them in holiness and salvation The Father loveth the Son saith he viz. As he standeth Mediator in our name undertaking to perfect our Redemption in all points The Father loveth him that is doth heartily accept his offer to do the work and is well pleased with him his soul delighteth in him and resteth upon him and maketh him in this his Office the receptacle of love and grace and good will to be conveyed by him to believers in him 2. That for fulfilling of the Covenant of Redemption the Father hath given to the Son as he standeth in the capacity of the Mediator or as he is God incarnate the word made flesh all authority in Heaven and Earth all furniture of the riches of grace and of spirit and life with all power and ability which the Union of the Divine Nature with the Humane or which the fulness of the Godhead dwelling substantially in his Humane Nature or which the indivisible all-sufficiency and omnipote●●y of the inseparable every where present Trini●● do●h import or the work of Rede●ption ca●●equire the Father saith he hath given al●●hi●gs into the Sons hand to wit for acco●pl●●hing his work 3. 〈◊〉 assurance of life is holden forth to all who shall heartily receive Christ and the offer of the Covenant of grace and reconciliation through him he that believeth on the Son saith he hath everlasting life for it is made fast unto him 1. In Gods purpose and irrevocable decree as the believer is a man elected to life 2. By effectual calling of him unto life by God who as he is faithful so will he do it 3. By promise and everlasting Covenant sworn by God to give the believer strong consolation in life and death upon immutable grounds 4. By a pawn and infestment under the great Seal of the Sacrament of the Lords Supper so oft as the believer shall come to receive the symbols and pledges of life 5. In Christ the fountain and head of life who is entred in a possession as atturney for believers in whom our life is so laid up that it cannot be taken away 6. By begun possession of spiritual life and regeneration and a Kingdom consisting in righteousness peace and joy in the Holy Ghost erected within the believer as arles of the full possession of everlasting life 4. A fearful certification is given if a man receive not the Doctrine concerning righteousness and eternal life to be had by Jesus Christ he that believes not the Son shall not see life that is not so much as understand what it meaneth 5. He further certifieth that if a man receive not the Doctrine of the Son of God he shall be burdened twice with the wrath of God once as a born rebel by nature he shall bear the curse of the Law or the Covenant of Works and next he shall endure a greater condemnation in respect that light being come into the world and offered to him he hath rejected it and loveth darkness rather than light and this double wrath shall be fastned and fixed immoveably upon him so long as he remaineth in the condition of misbelief the wrath of God abideth on him saith he Hence may the weak believer strengthen his faith by reasoning from this ground after this manner Whosoever believeth the Doctrine delivered by the Son of God and findeth himself partly drawn powerfully to believe him by the sight of life in ●im and partly driven by the fear of Gods wrath to adhere unto him may be sure of right and interest to life eternal through him But sinful and unworthy I may the weak believer say do believe the Doctrine delivered by the Son of God and do feel my self partly drawn powerfully to believe in him by the sight of life in him and partly driven by the fear of Gods wrath to adhere unto him Therefore I may be sure of my right and interest unto eternal life through him The evidences of true Faith SO much for the laying the grounds of faith and warrants to believe now for evidencing of true faith by fruits these four things are requisite 1. That the believer be soundly convinced in his judgment of this obligation to keep the whole moral Law all the days of his life And that not the less but so much the more as he is delivered by Christ from the Covenant of Works and curse of the Law 2. That he endeavour to grow in the exercise and daily practice of Godliness and righteousness 3. That the course of his new obedience run in the right channel that is through faith in Christ and through a good conscience to all the duties of love toward God and man 4. That he keep strait communion with the fountain Christ Jesus from whom grace must run along for furnishing of good fruits For the first viz. To convince the believer in his judgement of his obligation to keep the Moral Law among many passages take Matth. 5.16 LEt your light so shine before men that they may see your good works and glorifie your Father which is in Heaven ver 17. Think not that I am come to destroy the Law or the Prophets I am not come to destroy but to fulfil ver 18. For verily I say unto you till Heaven and Earth pass one jot or one title shall in no wise pass from the Law till all be fulfi●led ver 19. Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least Commandments and shall teach men so he shall be called least in the Kingdom of Heaven but whosoever shall do and teach them the same shall be called great in the Kingdom of Heaven ver 20. For I say unto you that except your righteousness shall exceed the righteousness of the Scribes and Pharisees ye shall in no case enter into the Kingdom of Heaven Wherein our Lord 1. Giveth commandment to believers justified by faith to give evidence of the grace of God in them before men by doing good works Let your light so shine