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A35255 The wars in England, Scotland and Ireland, or, An impartial account of all the battels, sieges, and other remarkable transactions, revolutions and accidents, which have happened from the beginning of the reign of King Charles I, in 1625, to His Majesties happy restauration, 1660 illustrated with pictures of some considerable matters curiously ingraven on copper plates. R. B., 1632?-1725? 1681 (1681) Wing C7357; ESTC R8819 122,635 215

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Kingdom of England c. Here the Clerk read the Charge Which Charge being read unto him as aforesaid He the said Charles Stuart was required to give his Answer but he refused so to do and so exprest the several passages at his Tryal in refusing to answer For all which Treasons and Crimes this Court doth adjudge That the said Charles Stuart as a Tyrant Traytor Murtherer and a publique Enemy shall be put to Death by the severing his Head from his Body After the Sentence read the Lord President said This Sentence now read and published it is the Act Sentence Judgment and Resolution of the whole Court Here the Court stood up and assenting to what the President said King Will you hear me a word Sir President Sir you are not to be heard after the Sentence King No Sir President No Sir by your favour Sir Guard withdraw your Prisoner King I may speak after the sentence By your favour Sir I may speak after the sentence ever By your favour hold the sentence Sir I say Sir I do I am not suffered for to speak expect what Justice other people will have O Yes All manner of persons that have any thing else to do are to depart at this time and to give their attendance in the Painted Chamber to which place this Court doth forthwith adjourn it self Then the Court rose and the King went with his Guard to Sir Robert Cottons and from thence to White-Hall The Names of those Persons that were present at the Sentencing of the KING to Death John Bradshaw President John Lisle William Say Oliver Cromwel Henry Ireton Sir Hardresse Waller Valentine Walton Thomas Harrison Edward Whaley Thomas Pride Isaac Ewers Lord Gray of Groby Sir John Danvers Knight Sir Thomas Maleverer Bar. Sir John Bourchier Knight William Heveningham Alderman Pennington William Purefoy Henry Martin John Barkstead John Blakiston Gilbert Millington Sir William Constable Bar. Edmond Ludlow John Hutchinson Sir Mich Livesay Bar. Robert Tichborn Owen Roe Robert Lilburn Adrian Scroop Richard Deane John Okey John Hewson William Goffe Cornelius Holland John Carew John Jones Miles Corbet Francis Allin Peregrine Pelham John Moore John Aldred Henry Smith Humphrey Edwards Gregory Clement Thomas Woogan Sir Gregory Norton Knight Edmond Harvy John Venn Thomas Scot Tho. Andrews Alderman William Cawly Anthony Stapley John Downes Thomas Horton Thomas Hammond Nicholas Love Vincent Potter Augustine Garland John Dixwel George Fleetwood Symon Meyne James Temple Peter Temple Daniel Blagrave Thomas Waite Ordered that Sir Hardress Waller Coll. Harrison Com. General Ireton Coll. Dean and Coll. Okey are appointed a Committee to consider of the Time and Place for the Execution of the King according to his Sentence given by the high Court of Justice Painted Chamber Lunae Jan. 29. 1648. Upon report made from the Committee for considering of the Time and Place of the Executing of the Judgement against the King that the said Committee have resolved that the open Street before White-hall is a fit place And that the said Committee conceive it fit that the King be there Executed the morrow the King having already notice thereof The Court approved thereof and ordered a Warrant to be drawn for that purpose which Warrant was accordingly drawn and agreed unto and ordered to be ingrossed which was done and Signed and Sealed accordingly as followeth At the High Court of Justice for the Trying and Judging of Charles Stuart King of England January 29 1648. WHereas Charles Stuart King of England is and standeth Convicted Attainted and Condemned of high Treason and other high Crimes and Sentence upon Saturday last was pronounced against him by this Court to be put to death by the severing of his head from his body of which Sentence Execution yet remains to be done These are therefore to will and require you to see the said Sentence Executed in the open street before White-Hall upon the morrow being the 30th day of this instant month of January between the hours of Ten in the morning and Five in the afternoon of the same day with full effect And for so doing this shall be your sufficient Warrant And these are to require all Officers and Souldiers and other the good people of this Nation of England to be assisting unto you in this service Given under our Hands and Seals To Coll. Francis Hacker Coll. Huncks and Lieuten Coll. Phray and to every of them Sealed and subscribed by J. Bradshaw O Cromwell Hen. Ireton Har. Waller Jo. Lisle Val. Walton Tho. Gray Ed. Whaley Mich. Livesey Jo. Okey Jo. Danvers Tho. Maleverer Wil. Goffe Tho. Pride Tho. Harrison Jo. Hewson Ri. Dean Robert Tichborn Ow. Roe Jo. Barkstead G. Fleetwood Gil. Milington Tho. Horton W. Say W. Constable Miles Corbet Jo. Ven Hen. Martin c. Painted Chamber Jan. 30. 1648. The Commissioners met and ordered That Mr. Marshall Mr. Nye Mr. Caryll Mr. Salway and Mr. Dell be desired to attend the King to administer to him those Spiritual helps as should be suitable to his present condition and Lieutenant Collonel Goffe is desired forthwith to repair unto them for that purpose Who did so but after informed the Court That the King being acquainted therewith refused to confer with them expressing that he would not be troubled with them Ordered That the Scaffold upon which the King is to be executed be covered with Black The Warrant for executing the King being accordingly delivered to those parties to whom the same was directed Execution was done upon him according to the tenour of the Warrant about two of the Clock in the Afternoon of the said 30. of January After Sentence The King being hurried from their Bar as he passed down the stairs the common Souldiers laying aside all Reverence to Soveraignty scoffed at him casting the smoak of their stinking Tobacco in his face no Smell more offensive to him and flinging their foul pipes at his feet But one more insolent than the rest defiled his venerable Face with his spittle for his Majesty was observed with much patience to wipe it off with his Handkerchief and as he passed hearing them cry out Justice Justice Poor soul said he for a piece if money they would doe so for their Commanders That Night being Saturday January 27. the King lodged at White-Hall that evening a Member of the Army acquainted the Committee with the desires of the King that seeing they had passed Sentence of Death upon him and the time of his Execution might be nigh that he might see his Children and receive the Sacrament and that Dr. Juxon Bishop of London might be admitted to pray with him in his private Chamber both which were granted The next day being Sunday January 28. the King was attended by his Guard to Saint James's where the Bishop of London preached privately before him his Text was in Rom. 2.16 In the day when God shall judge the secrets of all men by Jesus Christ according to my Gospel Monday Jan. 29. His Children
safe conduct for those who were to present it for the King refused to receive any Address from those whom he accused of High Treason of whom the E. of Essex was one The King then marches from Shrewsbury toward London upon which the Parliament ordered the Forces of the Associated Counties of Essex Hartford Middlesex and London to be ready at an hours warning They likewise order that the Lands Rents and Profits of Archbishops and Bishops shall be Sequestred as likewise the Kings Fines about Wards A while after Collonel Fines and Sands were routed at Worcester by Prince Rupert while they endeavoured to take the Town from Sir John Byron who had it in possession for the King but Essex making his approach with his Army Prince Rupert and Byron quitted the Town to him then were Glocester Bristol and other places made Garrisons for the Parliament But in York-shire and Cornwall the Kings Party grew powerfull and likewise in Wales where the E. of Worcester had got together a great number of Welchmen so that the King seeing his Army increased resolved to march toward London and was gotten one dayes Journey before Essex who perceiving his Error of staying so long at Worcester hastens after him to the relief of his Masters the King disdaining to be pursued by a Subject turns back to meer him and October 23. 1642. both Parties drew into the Field between Keinton and Edghill in Warwick-shire where on both sides were slain between five and 6000. men that day but night parting them the next day both parties quit the Field the King then marches to Coventry and from thence sends a Proclamation of Pardon to the Cities of London and Westminster some Persons only excepted This Battell of Edge-hill was fought on Sunday the same day twelve Month the Irish Rebellion brake out The King then takes in Banbury the Town and Castle being surrendred without a blow and two Regiments of Foot and a Troop of Horse took Arms under him from thence the King marches to Oxford and Essex goes to London where he was received with great Honour The Parliament to recruit their Army declare That all Apprentices who will List themselves shall be free from their Masters for that time and shall afterward be received again into service By which means abundance were induced to turn Souldiers they likewise invite the Scots to come in to their assistance which the King by a Letter to the Lords of the Privy Council in Scotland endeavours to prevent but in vain At this time several of the Lords and Commons present a Petition to the King at Colebrook to desire him to appoint a place to treat in To which he answered He would expect them at his Castle of Windsor and desires them to hasten the Treaty At the same time the King hearing that Essex had drawn his Forces and Ordnance out of London toward him and that unless he gained Brainford he would be hemm'd in by the Parliaments Army who possessed most of the Towns round about him the King marches thither that night where part of Col. Hollis's Regiment that quartered there made a stout resistance till the L. Brooks's and Coll. Hamdens Regiments came in to their relief who maintained the Fight till night and then retreated out of Town which the King presently took possession of with some Prisoners Arms and Amunition 11 Colours and 15 pieces of Ordnance Essex hearing this soon came thither followed with the City Militia and Trained Bands which together made a formidable Army so that the King thought fit to march back again to Oxford This Action in a time of Treaty though not without sufficient ground was so ill resented by the Houses that they Voted to have no Accommodation Yet afterward upon consideration they again Petition him to desert his Army and return to his Parliament but with the same success as formerly At this time a Letter from one of the Kings Agents in Holland was intercepted in which he is advertis'd of considerable Forces ready to be sent over for his Service from Denmark likewise Arms are sent for ten thousand Foot and 2500 Horse with a Train of Artillery and every thing proportionable even to the Drums and Halberts In York-shire the Earl of Newcastle had a sharp rencounter at Tadcaster with the L. Fairfax and forced him to retreat The Counties of Norfolk Suffolk Essex Hartford Cambridge the Isle of Ely and the City of Norwich are authorized by Parliament to associate under the L. Gray of Wark and Winchester and Chester are gained by the Paliament Dec. 15. Collonel Goring with the Kings Standard 80 Old Commanders and store of Warlike Provision joyn with the E. of Newcastle About which time the City of London Petitioned the King and profess their grief for his distrust of their Loyalty with large Protestations of their zealous Intentions to defend him with all the Love and Duty which became good Subjects The King replies That he hath a good Opinion of many of them and could freely and willingly Pardon all except Pennington the present Maior Venn and some others and concludes with declaring his high displeasure against such as shall continue acting and assisting his Adversaries Many of them were startled with this Answer yet were revived again with what Mr. Pryn and the Parliament Committee told their Common Council of the Parliaments great Love and Affection to them and Resolution to live and dye in their Defence In the North Sir Hugh Cholmly encounters with several Partyes of the Kings Horse at Malton and Jan. 16. joyning with Sir Matthew Boynton routed a Party of 600 Horse and Foot under Col. Slingsby Sir Thomas Fairfax likewise takest Leeds with little loss on his side but 500 Royallists were made Prisoners six of them Commanders 4 Colours and much Arms and Ammunition were taken The Kings Forces next leave Wakefield and Doncaster which are presently garrisoned for the Parliament The E. of Newcastle brings his Forces to York to prepare for entertaining the Queen and Jan. 17. he proclaims the L. Fairfax and his Son Sir Thomas Traytors as the E. of Cumberland had done before which the Parliament resenting proclaimed the L. Newcastle the same The Parliament Febr. 1. make the following Prepositions to the King at Oxford which were presented by the Earls of Northumberland Salisbury Pembrook and Holland with 8. of the House of Commons To disband his Army and to return home to his Parliament To leave all Delinquents to Tryal and all Papists to be disarmed To pass an Act for Abolishing the present Church Governors and such other Bills as shall be prepared in order to a Reformation All Popish Recusants to abjure and renounce Popery All Malignant Councellors to be removed the Militia to be setled according to the Parliaments minds such Persons to be preferr'd to Great Offices and Places of Judicature as the Parliament shall name and all such Justices of Peace as have been lately turned out of Commission to be again
broken and a new one to be made with the Arms of England and Ireland on one side and this Inscription The Great Seal of England and on the other side the House of Commons with this Inscription In the first Year of Freedom by Gods blessing restored 1648. and appointed the Money to bear the Arms of England and Ireland with this Motto God with us and the Great Seal was intrusted with three Commissioners They likewise caused the Kings Arms to be pulled down every where and the Kings Picture in the Old Exchange they caused to be defaced and the following Inscription to be be set behind it in Golden Letters Exit Tyrannus Regum ultimus Anno Libertatis Angliae Restitutae Primo Anno 1648. Jan. 30. They next proceed to erect another Illegal High Court of Justice wherein they brought to Tryall D. Hamilton taken at the fight at Preston the E. of Holland at Kingston Fight and the L. Capell and L. Goring taken at the Seige of Colchester The three first were Condemned and beheaded at the Palace-yard at Westminster After this the L. Fairfax having laid down his Commission the Parliament made Oliver Cromwell their General who a while after was sent into Ireland where he proved very successfull His Majesty was now in France and hoped to get aid there but found none but the Junto proceeded to make Sale of the King and Queens Lands and made a formal Act for abolishing Kingly Government and disinheriting the Roval Issue and seting up a Republick or Free State This Act Alderman Reynardson was commanded to proclaim in the City which he refusing was committed to the Tower with three Aldermen more and a new Lord Maior was chosen by a Common-Hall who attended with several other Aldermen as complyant as himself readily obeyed the Commands of his Masters and proclaimed their Edict in several places of the City A while after His Majesty was solemnly Proclaimed in Scotland and after great debate among them there they at length agree on some Propositions to be sent to the King who was then in the Isle of Jersey and Mr. Windram Laird of Libberton was appointed Messenger who bringing them to the King they were stiffly debated on each side but at last Breda in Holland was appointed for the place of a Solemn Treaty where Commissioners from the Estates and Kirk met the King and delivered their Propositions During which Treaty the Marquess of Montross was seized in Scotland and for opposing the Kirk Party was condemned and Executed upon a Gibbet near fifty foot high with all imaginable Contempt which His Majesty having an Account of was much troubled and the Treaty had like to have been broken off but at length through the necessity of Affairs was concluded and being carryed to Edenburgh after much debate it was resolved another Message should be sent to invite the King over but the Parliament here in England having notice of all these Proceedings in Scotland prepared an Army thereupon to invade Scotland under the command of their General Oliver Cromwell About this time General Blake their Admiral took sunk and burnt most of Prince Ruperts Fleet which was a great damage to the Kings Affairs And now the King being arrived at Spey in the North of Scotland some Lords were sent down to accompany him to Edenburgh As he came along he was entertained with the general Joy of all the People and at Aberdeen he was presented with 1500 Pounds which thing was ill taken by the Committee of Estates and Kirk and therefore they sent an Injunction to prohibit other Places from doing the like The King being now come to Edenburgh was again Proclaimed King July 15. 1650. but his Coronation was deferred by reason of the then Troubles since the English Army was upon the Borders and the Scots now began to think how to defend themselves and therefore marched under the Command of Montgomery and set upon the English at Muscleborough but were worsted by them and at Dunbar the English wholly routed them taking the pass there At the same time the Scots were divided among themselves into three Parties but the King returning with Montgomery to St. Johnstons they were all reconciled and the King on Jan. 1. 1650. was Crowned at Scone and soon after set up his Standard at Aberdeen resolving to be himself Generalissimo of the Scotch Army About which time Sir Hen. Hyde was beheaded at London for his Loyalty and not long after Captain Brown Bushell received the like Doom for performing some signall services to the King the King began to fortifie Sterlang and the English drew near it and Cromwell perceiving he could not draw the Scots to a Field Battel suddenly transported over Fyfe 1600 foot and four Troops of Horse who with the help of Lambert and Okey routed the Scots under Sir John Brown taking him and several other Persons of Quality Prisoners killing 2000 on the place and taking about 120 Prisoners not long after Mr. Gibbons and Mr. Love were Beheaded on Tower-hill upon the discovery of a Plot in England against the Parliament by the Presbyterians The King seeing the English prevail so fast thought it best to quit Scotland and so Marched for England July 30. 1651. which Cromwell observing sent Lambert after him with a select Party of Horse The Kings Army being now in England the Parliament caused numerous Forces to be raised in most Counties in England and his Majesty marched on to Worcester and fortified it In the mean time Maj. General Lambert gained the pass at Vpton by a desperate attempt in caussing some of his Troopers to swim the River on Horseback carrying their Pistols and Holsters in their hands to save them from wet whereby they put Maj. Gen. Massey and his men to the Retreat so that the Kings Party was forced to quit the Town and leave the pass to the Parliamentarians who quickly made a Bridge over the River and Cromwell joining with the rest of the Forces against the King after some Sallies out of the Town against them at length the King in the Front of his men sallied out of Town on Sept. 3. 1651. and so valianty charged Cromwells Life-Guard that they were forced to retire till seconded by fresh Forces they put the Kings Party to the Retreat and the King had his Horse twice shot under him and not able to rally again they were forced to fly into the Town where Cromwells Party entered Pell Mell with them and then the Cry went Save the King Save the King The King seeing all lost with some of his Nobles and Servants escaped with much difficulty to a Farmers house in Stafford-shire where he disrobed himself and for want of Scissers had his Hair out off with a Knife and so with the Company of one Friend who brought him Provision towards night he betook himself to a Wood where he made an Oak his Palace the Souldiers hunting about for him and a thousand Pound promised as a Reward to