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A39229 A late and further manifestation of the progress of the gospel amongst the Indians in Nevv-England declaring their constant love and zeal to the truth : with a readiness to give accompt of their faith and hope, as of their desires in church communion to be partakers of the ordinances of Christ : being a narrative of the examinations of the Indians, about their knowledge in religion, by the elders of the churches / related by Mr. John Eliot. Eliot, John, 1604-1690.; Walton, William, d. 1668. Examination of the Indians at Roxbury.; Society for Propagation of the Gospel in New England. 1655 (1655) Wing E517; ESTC R9453 17,654 32

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Q. What good things see you in the English A. I see true love that our great Sachems have not and that maketh me think that God is the true God Q. Doe you love God A. A little I love God my heart wanteth wisedome but I doe desire to love him Q. Why doe you love God A. Because we are taught this that when we dye we must goe to God and live ever with him Q. Who among the Indians shall goe to God and what are the signes that they shall goe to God A. Every man that truly believeth in Jesus Christ shall goe to heaven Q. Whether have you not many jealousies and feares that you love not God in truth A. I hope I have some love to God but I know that I have but little knowledge of him I hope I love him Q. How doe you understand that God ruleth in your heart A. Before I prayed to God I knew nothing of God but since I have been taught I desire to believe Q. What is faith in Iesus Christ A. I confesse I deserve to be damned for ever and I am not able to deliver my selfe but I betrust my soule with Jesus Christ Q. Whether doth not your soule groane within you under the sense of unbelief and other sins A. Since I have been taught I find my selfe very weak there is a little in me sometimes my heart mournes sometimes I desire more Q. How doe you know the word of God is Gods word A. I believe the word that you teach us was spoken of God Q. Why doe you believe it A. Therefore I believe it to be the word of God because when we learn it it teacheth our hearts to be wise and humble Q. Whether are not your sins and the temptations of Hobbomak more strong since then before you prayed to God A. Before I preyed to God I knew not what Satans temptations were Q. Doe you know now A. Now I have heard what Satans temptations are Q. What is a temptation of the Devill in your heart doe you understand what it is A. Within my heart there are Hypocrisies which doe not appear without Q. Whether doe not you find this a principall temptation from the wickednesse of your heart to drive you away from Christ and not to believe the gracious Promises in Iesus Christ Or whether when you find wickednesse in your heart you are not tempted that you cannot believe A. My heart doth strongly desire to goe on in sin but this is a strong temptation but Faith is the work of Jesus Christ Q. Why doe some believe in Christ and not others what maketh the difference A. Because Satan speaks to some and bids them not believe and they hearken to him and God speaks to others and they believe God Q. Why doe they believe God A. It is the work of the Spirit of God teaching them to believe in Jesus Christ Another Indian being asked what he could say further to it he Answered Jesus Christ sendeth his Spirit into their hearts and teacheth them Q. What moveth Iesus Christ to send his Spirit whether any thing in your selfe A. I believe the Promise of God Q. Whether doe you indeed believe there is a God Christ Heaven Hell whether have you any doubts concerning these thing or no A I doe but a little know my owne thoughts but God throughly knoweth my heart I desire to believe these things I desire not to be an Hypocrite It being put to another Indian for further answer he answered My heart desires truly to pray unto God and I more and more desire to believe these things When I am taught by the word Preached I desire to believe in particular I desire to believe as long as I live Q. What is the Word of God A. That wherein God hath written his Will and therein taught the way to Heaven Q. What is sin A. There is the root sin an evill heart and there is actuall sin sin is a breaking of the Law of God Q. Wherein doe you breake the Law of God A. Every day in my heart words and works Q. Why are you troubled for sin that none ever knew but your selfe A. I fear God and Jesus Christ Q. What doe you believe about the immortality of the soule and resurrection of the body doth the soule dye when the body dyeth A. I believe when the body of a good man dyeth the Angels carry his soule to heaven when a wicked man dyeth the Devills carry his soule to hell Q. How long shall they be in that state A. Untill Christ cometh to Judgement Q. When Christ cometh to judge the world what then shall become of them A. The dead bodies of all men shall rise againe Q. Whether shall they ever dye any more A. Good men shall never dye any more Q. Whether doe you believe that these very bodies of ours shall rise againe A. This body which rots in the earth this very body God maketh it new Q. Who is Iesus Christ A. Jesus Christ is the Son of God yet borne man and so both God and man Q. Why was Christ Iesus a man A. That he might dye for us Q. Why is Christ Iesus God A. That his death might be of great value Q. Why doe you say Christ Iesus was a man that he might dye doe onely men dye A. He dyed for our sins Q. What reason or justice is there that Christ should dye for our sins A. God made all the world and man sinned therefore it was necessary Christ should dye to carry men up to Heaven God hath given unto us his Son Jesus Christ because of our sins The Question being put to another for further Answer his Answer was That God so loved the word that he gave his onely begotten Son that whosoever believeth in him should not perish but have everlasting life Q. What is God A. An Ever-living Spirit Q. What are the Attributes of God A. As before Q. In these Attributes wherein are we like God A. As before Q. How many Gods are there A. One onely God but he is three the Father Son and Holy Ghost Q. What is Eternall A. Man is not like God in Eternall being Q. What is infinite A. All the World hath an end but God hath no end Q. Had God any beginning A. No but he is ever Q. Was there alwayes an Heaven and Earth how came they to be A. Iehovah made them and Governeth them all Q. Were they euer A. No Q. How did God make the world A. Onely the Will of God Q. Out of what matter did God make the world A. Not of any thing at all Q. How long was God making the world A. Six dayes Q. How cometh it to passe that the Sun riseth and setteth that there is winter and Summer day and night A. All are the work of God Q. Now the world is made can it keepe it selfe By whose strength is it kept together A. God preserveth it he made it and keeps it all Q. In what
course of life unto civill Co-habitation and Government before they could according to the will of God revealed in the Scriptures be fit to be betrusted with the sacred Ordinances of Jesus Christ in Church-Communion And therefore I propounded unto them that they should look out some fit place to begin a Towne unto which they might resort and there dwell together enjoy Government and be made ready and prepared to be a People among whom the Lord might delight to dwell and Rule When they understood the mind of God in this matter they were desirous to set upon the work The reallity of which desires the living have actually expressed by their performance thereof in some poor measure and some of them dying left their earnest affections and desires with the rest to set upon that work especially Wampocas a godly man of whose death and exhortations that way I have made some mention in some former Letters We accordingly attended thereunto to search for a fit place and finally after sundry journeyes and travells to severall places the Lord did by his speciall providence and answer of prayers pitch us upon the place where we are at Natick Unto which place my purpose at first was to have brought all the Praying Indians to Co-habit together But it so fell out by the guidance of God as it now appeareth that because the Cohannet Indians desired a place which they had reserved for themselves and I finding that I could not at that time pitch there without opposition from some English I refused that place and pitched at Natick where I found no opposition at present This choyce of mine did move in the Cohannet Indians a jealousie that I had more affection unto those other Indians then unto them By which occasion together with some other Providences of God as the death of Cutshamoquin and the coming of I●sias to succeed in the Sachemship in that place their minds were quite alienated from the place of Natick though not from the work for they desire to make a Towne in that fore-mentioned place of their owne named Ponkipog and are now upon the work And indeed it now appeareth to be of the Lord because we cannot have competent accommodations at Natick for those that be there which are about fifty Lots more or lesse And furthermore by the blessing of God upon the work there are People partly prepared and partly preparing for three Townes more Insomuch as that it is most evident that had I procceded according to my first intentions to have called them all unto that one place we must have been forced very quickly to have scattered againe for want of accommodations for so great a company of Inhabitants and so have discouraged them at our first onset of drawing them from their scattered way of living unto Co-habitation seeing it would have brought them unto such wants and streights as they could not have grapled withall but rather would have been occasioned to think there were insuperable difficulties in this enterprise Whereas in lesser companies they may find a more plentifull and better course of life then they found in that former way out of which they are called as through Gods mercy and the bounty of good people in England whose love layeth the foundation-stone of the work they doe already feele and find at Natick and begin to find at Ponkipog In prosecution of this work in the year 1650 we began by the Lords assistance our first Towne at Natick where we built a Fort and one dwelling-house In the year 51 after Fasting and Prayer about that matter they gave up themselves and their Children to be governed by the Lord according to his word in all wayes of civility and chose among themselves Rulers of ten fifty and an hundred according to the holy Patterne so far as they could In which way of Government the Lord hath not a little owned them and blessed them In the year 52 I perceiving the grace of God in sundry of them and some poor measure of fitnesse as I was perswaded for the enjoyment of Church-fellowship and Ordinances of Jesus Christ I moved in that matter according as I have in the Narration thereof briefly declared In the year 53 I moved not that way for these Reasons I having sent their Confessions to be published in England I did much desire to hear what acceptance the Lord gave unto them in the hearts of his people there who daily labour at the Throne of grace and by other expressions of their loves for an holy birth of this work of the Lord to the praise of Christ and the inlargement of his Kingdome As also my desire was that by such Books as might be sent hither the knowledge of their Confessions might be spread here unto the better and fuller satisfaction of many then the transacting thereof in the presence of some could doe These Books came by the latter Ships as I remember that were bound for New-England and were but newly out when they set saile and therefore I had not that answer that year which my soule desired though something I had which gave encouragement and was a tast of what I have more fully heard from severall this year praised be the Lord Besides there fell a great damping and discouragement upon us by a jealousie too deeply apprehended though utterly groundlesse viz. That even these praying Indians were in a conspiracy with others and with the Dutch to doe mischief to the English In which matter though the ruling part of the People looked otherwise upon them yet it was no season for me to stir or move in this matter when the waters were so troubled This businesse needeth a calmer season and I shall account it a savour of God when ever he shall please to cause his face to shine upon us in it Yet this I did the last year after the Books had been come a season there being a great meeting at Beston from other Colonies as well as our owne and the Commissioners being there I thought it necessary to take that opportunity to prepare and open the way in a readinesse against this present year by making this Proposition unto them namely That they having now seen their confessions if upon further triall of them in point of knowledge they be found to have a competent measure of understanding in the fundamentall points of Religion and also if there be due testimony of their conversation that they walke in a Christian manner according to their light so that Religion is to be seen in their lives whether then it be according to God and acceptable to his people that they be called up unto Church-estate Unto which I had I blesse the Lord a generall approbation Accordingly this year 54 I moved the Elders that they would give me advice and assistance in this great businesse that they would at a fit season examine the Indians in point of their knowledge because we found by the former triall that a
they related the whole businesse unto me with much trouble and grief Then Toteswamp spake to this purpose I am greatly grieved about these things and now God tryeth me whether I love Christ or my Child best They say They will try me but I say God will try me Christ saith He that loveth father or mother or wife or Child better then me is not worthy of me Christ saith I must correct my Child if I should refuse to doe that I should not love Christ God bid Abraham kill his Son Abraham loved God and therefore he would have done it had not God with-held him God saith to me onely punish your Child and how can I love God if I should refuse to doe that These things he spake in more words and much affection and not with dry eyes Nor could I refraine from teares to hear him When it was said The Child was not so guilty of the sin as those that made him drunk he said That he was guilty of sin in that he feared not sin and in that he did not believe his counsells that he had often given him to take heed of evill company but he had believed Satan and sinners more then him therefore he needed to be punished After other such like discourse the Rulers left me and went unto their businesse which they were about before I came which they did bring unto this conclusion and judgement They judged the three men to sit in the stocks a good space of time and thence to be brought to the whipping-Post have each of them twenty lashes The boy to be put in the stocks a little while and the next day his father was to whip him in the School before the Children there all which Judgement was executed When they came to be whipt the Constable fetcht them one after another to the Tree which they make use of instead of a Post where they all received their Punishments which done the Rulers spake thus one of them said The Punishments for sin are the Commandements of God and the worke of God and his end was to doe them good and bring them to repentance And upon that ground he did in more words exhort them to repentance and amendment of life When he had done another spake unto them to this purpose You are taught in Catechisme that the wages of sin are all miseries and calamities in this life and also death and eternall damnation in hell Now you feele some smart as the fruit of your sin and this is to bring you to repentance that so you may escape the rest And in more words he exhorted them to repentance When he had done another spake to this purpose Heare all yee people turning himselfe to the People who stood round about I think not lesse then two hundred small and great this is the Commandement of the Lord that thus it should be done unto sinners and therefore let all take warning by this that you commit not such sins least you incur these Punishments And with more words he exhorted the People Others of the Rulers spake also but some things spoken I understood not and some things slipt from me But these which I have related remained with me When I returned to Roxbury I related these things to our Elder to whom I had before related the sin and my grief who was much affected to hear it and magnified God He said also That their sin was but a Transient act which had no Rule and would vanish But these Judgements were an Ordinance of God and would remaine and doe more good every way then their sin could doe hurt telling me what cause I had to be thankfull for such an issue Which I therefore relate because the Lord did speak to my heart in this exigent by his words When the Assembly was met for Examination of the Indians and ordered I declared the end and Reason of this Meeting and therefore declared That any one in due order might have liberty to propound any Questions for their satisfaction Likewise I requested the Assembly That if any one doubted of the Interpretations that should be given of their Answers that they would Propound their doubt and they should have the words scanned and tryed by the Interpreters that so all things may be done most clearly For my desire was to be true to Christ to their soules and to the Churches And the trying out of any of their Answers by the Interpreters would tend to the satisfaction of such as doubt as it fell out in one Answer which they gave the Question was How they knew the Scriptures to be the word of God The finall Answer was Because they did find that it did change their hearts and wrought in them wisedome and humility This Answer being Interpreted to Assembly my Brother Mahu doubted especially of the word Hohpoóonk signifying Humility it was scanned by the Interpreters and proved to be right and he rested satisfied therein I was purposed my selfe to have written the Elders Questions and the Indians Answers but I was so imployed in propounding to the Indians the Elders Questions and in returning the Indians Answers as that it was not possible for me to write unlesse I had caused the Assembly to stay upon it which had not been fitting therefore seeing Mr. Walton writing I did request him to write the Questions and Answers and help me with a Copy of them which I thank him he did a Copy whereof I herewith send to be inserted in this place on which this only I will animadvert That the Elders in wisdome thought it not fit to ask them in Catechisticall method strictly in which way Children might Answer But that they might try whether they understood what they said they traversed up and downe in Questions of Religion as here you see Postscript LET the Reader take notice That these Questions were not propounded all to one man but to sundry which is the reason that sometime the same Questions are propounded againe and againe Also the number Examined were about eight namely so many as might be first called forth to enter into Church-Covenant if the Lord give opportunity THE EXAMINATION OF THE INDIANS AT Roxbury The 13th Day of the 4th Month 1654. Quest WHat is God Answ An Ever-living Spirit Q. What are the Attributes of God A. God is Eternall Infinite Wise Holy Just Q. In which of these are we like unto God A. In Wisedome Holinesse and Righteousnesse But in Infinitenesse and Eternity God is onely like himselfe Q How many Gods are there A. There is one onely God Q. Have not some Indians many Gods A. They have many Gods Q. How doe you know these Gods are no Gods A. Before the English came we knew not but that they were Gods but since they came we know they are no Gods Q. What doe you find in the true God that you find not in false Gods A. I see in the English many things that God is the true God