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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19232	The commonvvealth and gouernment of Venice. VVritten by the Cardinall Gasper Contareno, and translated out of Italian into English, by Lewes Lewkenor Esquire. VVith sundry other collections, annexed by the translator for the more cleere and exact satisfaction of the reader. With a short chronicle in the end, of the liues and raignes of the Venetian dukes, from the very beginninges of their citie; De magistribus et republica Venetorum. English	Contarini, Gasparo, 1483-1542.; Lewkenor, Lewis, Sir, d. 1626.	1599 (1599)	STC 5642; ESTC S108619	143,054	250

THE COMMON-WEALTH AND Gouernment of VENICE WRITTEN BY THE Cardinall Gasper Contareno and translated out of Italian into English by Lewes Lewkenor Esquire Nel piu bel vedere cieco VVith sundry other Collections annexed by the Translator for the more cleere and exact satisfaction of the Reader With a short Chronicle in the end of the liues and raignes of the Venetian Dukes from the very beginninges of their Citie LONDON Imprinted by Iohn Windet for Edmund Mattes and are to be sold at his shop at the signe of the Hand and Plow in Fleetstreet 1599. To the right Honourable and most Vertuous Lady the Lady Anne Countesse of Warwicke I Am accused of presumption right excellent Lady by this noble Common-wealth which I heere present vnto you who gloriously shining in the cleere knowledge of her owne incomparable worthinesse doth like a beautifull virgine that seeing her faire picture foulely handled of an vnskilfull painter blush at the view of her wronged beauty and reproueth me for hauing with such feeble forces so farre presumed in the description of her rich and royall history a matter which the rarest forraine spirites of our time haue by their learned pens so highly enobled with such excellent art ornaments she wel knoweth the cleernes of your iudgement and therfore feareth bearing the burthen and blemishes of so great a weakenesse to approch the rayes of a censure so vndeceiueable and absolute I haue no shield nor excuse to oppose against this iust imputation but onely the defence of your Ladishippes fauours who though by former experience knowing my vnfitnesse for such a worke did neuerthelesse impose this taske vpon me Now therefore my humble request is that howsoeuer the vntuned harshnesse of my disioynted stile shall seeme vnpleasant in your eares yet that you will vouchsafe to be a gentle propitious defendresse to this renowned Commonwealth that nothing more desireth then to bee gracious in your sight and here frankely offreth vnto your view the naked full discouerie of her faire and be utifull lineaments not concealing any part of her rarest perfections Onely she humbly desireth that sithence it is her happe to bee brought into Englande she may haue free and quiet passage vnder your honourable safe conduct and protection for such is the generall loue and reuerence which the great worthinesse and integritie of your vnblemished life and your long constant continued course in the exercise of a spotlesse vertue hath vniuersally gained you that bearing with her the faire warrant of your so many waies enobled name she shall not need to feare any vnciuill or disgracious vsage no not of those whose minds are diseased with the greatest enuie Finally I beseech you good Madame not to measure my duetie towardes you by this meanes wherein I seeke to shew it for this I know to bee ordinary and vulgar and so farre from the satisfaction of mine owne mind as that I am in a manner therewith displeased but the other if euer your commandement opportunity of time and occasion or the vttermost strain of my inuention and indeauour giue me leaue shall discouer it selfe in a better proportion for I will neuer forget but still retaine engraued in the marble table of a thankefull memory besides the dutie our family oweth vnto that noble house wherein you matched the many fauours you haue done me in particular and he many wayes you haue sought to doe me good wherein though the violence of my own fortune hath stil encountred your enaeuor yet ther remaineth vnto me no small comfort withal I doe somewhat the better esteeme my selfe in that your Ladishippe whose iudgement wisedome and vertue passeth with such generall allowance hath deemed me worthy of your honourable good opinion and thereof hath made me assured by many most essentiall testimonies In conclusion Madam I will neuer cease to honour you and in the meane time humbly beseech you to accept in good part these the fruites of my extream idlenes the poore pledges of that duty which I would discharge towardes you in greater matters if I were able and for my part I will neuer cease to pray vnto the almighty to blesse you with honour and happines such as so great worthinesse and vertue deserueth Selsey this thirteenth of August 1598. Your Ladyshippes most faithfully to commaund LEWES LEWKENOR THe antique Babel Empresse of the East Vpreard her buildinges to the threatned skie And Second Babell tyrant of the West Her ayry Towers vpraised much more high But with the weight of their own surquedry They both are fallen that all the earth did feare And buried now in their own ashes ly Yet shewing by their heapes how great they were But in their place doth now a third appeare Fayre Venice flower of the last worlds delight And next to them in beauty draweth neare But farre exceedes in policie of right Yet not so fayre her buildinges to behold As Lewkenors stile that hath her beautie told Edw. Spencer FAyer mayden towne that in rich Thetis armes Hast still been fostered since thy first foundatiō Whose glorious beauty cals vnnumbred swarmes Of rarest spirits from each forrein natiō And yet sole wonder to all Europes eares Most louely Nimph that euer Neptune got In all this space of thirteene hundred yeares Thy virgins state ambition nere could blot Now I prognosticate thy ruinous case When thou shalt from thy Adriatique seas View in this Ocean Isle thy painted face In these pure colours coyest eyes to please Then gazing in thy shadowes peereles eye Enamour'd like Narcissus thou shalt dye I. Ashley VEnice inuincible the Adriatique wonder Admirde of all the world for power and glorie Whom no ambitious force could yet bring vnder Is here presented in her States rare storye Where all corrupt means to aspire are curbd And Officers for vertues worth elected The contrarie wherof hath much disturbd All states where the like cause is vnrespected A document that Iustice fortifies Each gouernment although in some thinges faultie And makes it dreadfull to the enuying eyes Of ill affecting foes and tyrants haulty Lewkenor whom armes and letters haue made knowen In this worke hath the fruits of either shewen Maur. Kiffen TI 's not affected grace or mockt disguise Assures a true returne from forren partes Trauell confounds the vaine confirmes the wise Leukenor liue thou esteemde for thy deserts While thy last trauels do thy first commend To straungers prou'd in them a gratefull frende And for thy absence to thy natiue clyme A welcome Venturer of rich priz'd time Henry Elmes To the Reader THough I haue been euer readier to wonder at the effect of things extraordinarily strange then wel prouided of iudgement to examine their causes subiecting sundrie times mine eares to the report of rare and vnusuall accidents with a greater bent of attention then perchaunce to a well tempered stayednes will seem conuenient yet mee thinketh that this humor of mine howsoeuer faulty is much more excusable then that contemptuous derision

equall with the number of the names writē in the first euery one hauing his marks the fift part of these balles is guilded with gold the rest with siluer the prince taketh out of the first potte the name and then out of the next potte the ball which if he be of the golden sort the young man whose name was drawen hath presently the authority of publike power and is admitted into the great counsaile but if it be of the siluered he leeseth for that time his right and expecteth his fortune of the yeare to come vnlesse in the meane time hee accomplish the 25. yeare of his age for euery gentleman comming to that age hath presently the right of a citizen and is made pertaker of the publike authoritie by this meanes the fift part of the noble yong men that put themselues to this tryall is euery yeare admitted and enabled to giue his voyce with the other citizens but if it so happen that the father or grandfather of any gentleman eyther in regard of absence or other cause had neuer vsed this publique right nor his name neuer beene registred in the common booke that contayneth the names of all the nobilitie lest there should be any fraud vsed or lest any bastard shoulde vnder hande enter into this company of No bastard admitted for noble gentlemen they would not that this matter should bee iudged and determined of onely by the office of the aduocatory magistrates but it is prouided for by a lawe that they should proue their nobilitie by witnesses and publike writings and that the aduocators should make The counsell of the ●… report ouer to the forty men and so the cause being vnderstood and throughly examined and debated of by the forty men it is at length iudged whether the party pretending is to be admitted for noble or no. But to the end that no one shoulde scotfree aduenture the triall of this iudgement it was also prouided that whosoeuer should vndertake this proofe of his nobilitie shoulde first bring vnto the magistrate fiue hundred crownes of gold by them to be put into the treasure in case the pretendant speed not in his suit Such was the diligence of our ancestors to the end that this congregation of nobility should no way be defiled For which cause those very citizens which are nobly borne and haue past their 25. yeares obtaine not yet the authority of giuing their voices till being so presented before the magistrates they proue the accomplishment of the age by the othe of their father mother or neere kinseman and also by two witnesses that they were born of that gentleman who they say was their father not bastards nor of a mother any way reproched Now that we haue expressed the whole manner by which the citizens do enter into the publike authoritie I thinke it worthy to be marked that our ancestors did deeme it a thing of great moment for the maintenance of the citizens in vnitie and loue if they did often meet and assemble together Therefore as wel by lawes as by prescription of time it is an ancient custome that this The great coūcel assembled euery eight day great counsaile should be assembled euery eight day sometimes oftner The especiall office of which is to create all the magistrates aswell those that administer iustice in the cittie and inioy other offices in the commonwealth as the senate the tenne the Pretors the Captaines and treasurers of castles and Citties which are vnder the fellowship of the Venetian empire as also the gouernors of sortresses the General of their nauie their ambassadors captaines of their gallies and finally to conclude all in a word all those whosoeuer abroad or at home haue charge vnder the commonwealth Likewise all such lawes as pertain to the constitution of the cōmonwealth are enacted by the authority of this councell which is especially vsed to be done when the Duke is dead there being no new successor as yet created But this shal be spoken of more hereafter Now we wil expresse the whole manner of creating The order of the Session house magistrates Euery holliday in manner about noone this great councell is assembled into a great and spacious Ten very long benches in the hall where the great councell is kept hall which we will call the Session house There are in the same ten exceeding long benches equalling in manner the length of the hall the cittizens sit downe euery one when they come where it pleaseth them for there is no place appointed to any except to some Magistrates of chiefe authority as the Duke the Counsellors the three presidents of the fortie which sit on a higher seate onely haue authoritie to make report ouer to the great Councell After these the Aduocatory magistrates and the three heads of the tenne sit downe in their appointed places in the midst of certaine benches that are also somewhat higher then the rest are close adioyning to the wall of the hall at length very farre from the Duke are the seates of the olde and new auditors of whom we will speake more hereafter But the rest of the citizens as I said sit downe without any place appointed where it pleaseth them Then at an appointed houre the dores of the Session house are shut fast the keyes brought to the Tribunal of the prince there laid at his feete Then the chiefe Chauncellor which though it be not an honor of the nobilitie yet it is of very great dignity standeth vp from a high eminent place declareth what roomes and offices are vacant then to be prouided for which being pronounced he passeth straight from that place to the Tribunal of the Prince and there with a loude voyce citeth the Magistrates being Presidentes of the sessions as is saide before that they should come to the Prince or to the Counsellors if the prince be away They being summoned do presently come and there with oth do promise to do their vttermost diligence that the lawes may be obserued and that they will not in these offices pronounce any citizen that shall any way haue violated the decrees but that they will cause such a one to be seuerely punished according to the rigor of the lawes which ceremony being ended euery one returneth to his place except one of the aduocators and one of the heades of the tenne which go to the farthest part of the hall right opposite against the princes seat there sitte downe in appointed places The other aduocators sitte downe on the right fide of the session house and the other heads of the tenne right ouer against them on the left side In like manner doe the olde and new auditors place themselues in the farthest seate of the hall which as I said is far distant from the place of the prince some on the right hand some on the left to the ende as it should seeme that by this manner seating

are celebrated which being ended they go aborde the ship againe and returne to Venice attending on the Prince home to his house where they dyne with him The fourth and last banquette pertayneth to the young cittizens who the twelue Kalendes of Iuly on the day dedicated to the two Martyres Vitus and Modestus doe with solemne pompe wayte vpon the Prince to the Temple of those Martirs which is situate neere to the great channell that diuideth the cittie in the middest which channell is for that tyme conioyned with a bridge made vpon two galleyes least otherwise to make that iourney would cost a very long and laboursome circuit and compasse The church being visited and the solemnities in the church finished they attend vpon the prince home to his pallace where they are receiued with a royall magnificent banket There are to these bankets admitted dauncers iesters and excellent singers to recreate delight the guestes and withal certaine sports and playes are intermingled which doe moue exceeding mirth and pleasure and this ancient custome is still obserued in the common-wealth of Venice though somewhat moderated For by this means the citizens in a manner of euery degree yea equals with equalles are entertayned at the princes table which seemeth exceedingly well ordered and disposed as well for the dignity of the prince as also for nourishing maintayning loue and good will among the citizens But because euery citizen that is a gentleman cannot euery yeare receiue this grace of being inuited it is by an olde law ordained least any one should seeme to be left out that the prince should in the winter time sende to euery citizen that hath priuiledge of A strange ceremony obserued by the Duke of Venice but now the same is altered the wild ducks changed into a peece of siluer coyne voyce in the greater Councell fiue wild duckes as a portion or share of the publike banket which likewise is a great meane to the Duke of winning the loue and goodwill of the citizens In these chargeable expences doth the Duke yearely consume and spend a great part of that money which hee receiueth out of the common treasure so that though the Duke would be couetous yet cannot hee in a manner staine with any basenesse the noblenesse dignity of the place he holdeth Here because the whole power and authority of the prince is in a manner already expressed of vs it shal not be amisse to declare in what season and time the beginning was of creating a Duke in Venice and finally what is the order of the sessions in his election The beginning of creating a Duke in Venice Immediately from the first beginning of the Cittie when the noblest citizens of the Venetian prouince their greatest citties as Aquileia Altina Concordia Vderzo Padoua and many other of great opulencie and richesse being ruinated by the Hunnes vnder the conduct of Attyla their Captaine who filled Italy with fire and blood did assemble themselues in those flattes of the Adriatique sea where Venice since was builded euery one of them had chosen for his mansion those places which were nearest to the country which hee had abandoned it came to passe that there were by them built about two and twentie townes partly vpon that shore or bank which encloseth the inner lakes partly vppon certaine hillockes which appeared out aboue the lakes But in the beginning when those townes were neither of themselues sufficiently fortified and fenced neither euery of them so furnished with shipping that it was able to resist the incursions of theeues and pirates they thought it meete seeing their fortunes were all alike to gouerne their matters by a common councell as well for the prouision of corne wine fruites and other necessaries as also the securitie of their persons and families thereby to auoide the daunger of pyrates and rouers to which in regarde of their weake scattered vnfortified townes they lay in a manner open Therefore when firsteuery towne had chosen from out his other citizens a chiefe and sufficient man calling him by Euery towne did chuse a Tribune the name or title of Tribune they generally altogether ordained that vpon certain appointed daies these Tribunes should meete and consult together the common businesse but finding in the end an inconuenience in the varietie of so many opinions and authorities and suffring withal many incommodities they thought nothing would doe better then to lay the whole charge of the generall and common affaires vppon some one particular man whom all the rest should acknowledge as their prince and ruler It was therefore by generall consent of the xxij townes concluded and agreed that The princes seate assigned him in the towne of Heraclea there should one Duke or Prince be chosen his seate assigned him at the beginning in the towne of Heraclea situated on the inner side of the lakes in a certaine Ilande neere to the mouth of the riuer Piaue which in our time by inundation of the flouds is now ioyned to the firme lands But afterwards this place seeming vnfit because it was farre off so that many times afore the prince could haue aduertisement the Pyrates had already entred the lakes oppressed at vnwares the inhabitants spoiled their shipping Therefore they thought The princes seat transposed to Malamoco it better that the prince leauing Heraclea shoulde plant his seat in Malamoco a towne seated vpon the midst of the banke whence the Duke might easily soon haue inckling of any whatsoeuer attempt of the Pyrates and Pipin inuaded Italy with small adoo bee at hand wheresoeuer his presence The princes seat lastly reduced to Venice should be requisit But at length when Pipin euen in those very beginnings of the Venetian citie threatned seruitude slaughter they abandoning in a maner the rest of the townes they came altogether to Rialta thither also was the seate of the prince translated by which meanes Venice in time encreased and grew into that greatnesse in which we now do see it so that by a perpetuall continuing custome euen from the beginning there alwayes was a prince and gouernour of the Venetian commonwealth At first for a while their authority was greater but afterwardes being by vse of time and experience taught they began with holesome statutes and lawes to abridge his power bringing it by degrees into this temperature in which wee now doe see it The manner of choosing the Duke of Venice The manner of chusing a successor to the deceased Duke was at the first altogether simple and without ceremony for our auncestors being men of great soundnesse and integritie free from all ambition did euery one in his particular draw backe from accepting a matter of so great a charge so that by a generall crie acclamation of the people he was proclaimed prince that was reputed to be the honestest wisest man But after those times the Citie and people

poore would make these to bee their executors and wholy referre the bestowing thereof to their discretion insomuch that some of these fellowships in greatnesse of matters committed to their charge do scarsely giue place vnto the Procurators of that marke which is one of the most honourable offices belonging to the Patrician of which none though he be a brother No Patrician may be head of these fiue fellowships of the fellowship may attaine to any of the precedentships thereof that dignitie belonging onely to the plebeians wherein also they imitate the nobility for these heades of societies doe among the people in a certaine manner represent the dignitie of the procurators but to the end that neither their societies nor their heads may any way be daungerous or cumbersome to the common wealth they are all restrained vnder the power and authoritie of the Councell of ten so that they may not in any thing make any alteration nor assemble together vnlesse it be at appointed seasons without their leaue and permission such honours doe the plebeians of eyther sort attaine vnto in this commonwealth of ours to the end that they should not altogether thinke themselues depriued of publike authority and ciuile offices but should also in some sort haue their ambition satisfied without hauing occasion either to hate or perturbe the estate of nobilitie by which equall temperature of gouernment our common wealth hath attained that which none of the former haue though otherwise honorable and famous for from the first beginning till this time of ours it hath remained safe and free this thousand and two hundred yeares not only from the domination of Straungers but also from all ciuile and intestine sedition of any moment or weight which it hath not accomplished by any violent force armed garrisōs or fortified towers but onely by a iust and temperate manner of ruling insomuch that the people do obey the nobilitie with a gentle and willing obedience full of loue and affection farre from the desire of any straunge change of which this time of ours hath made euident proofe for when all the greatest princes of Christendome had combined themselues together with intention vtterly to ouerthrow deface and abolish the greatnesse glorie the very name of the Venetians and that our armie had beene vanquished by Lewes king of France neare to the Cittie of Cassano in the territorie of Cremona with incredible slaughter and the Almaines of one side and Iulius Bishop of Rome threatning and besieging vs with their armies and all our dominions vpon the maine land being reuolted from the Venetian gouernment In this our extremitie and generall perturbation the people of Venice were so farre from attempting any thing against the Nobilitie that weeping they threw themselues at their feete offering their liues and goodes to the defence of the common wealth and in effect reforming it for hauing easily recouered Iadoua through the great loue and affection of the inhabitants towardes vs when Maximilian the Emperour raising euery where forces came with a mighty Armie to besiege the same Cittie many not onely of the Gentlemen but also of the plebeians waging sundrie souldiers at their owne charge went vnto the defence thereof indeuoring themselues there in such noble and valorous sort that the Emperour was constrained to withdraw his Army without deliuering so much as one assault to the Cittie neither with greater adoe were the rest of the Cittie 's recouered they all flocking againe to the Venetian Empire as to a wished hauen of all securitie and calmenesse an excellent argument of a iust domination to gouerne those that are desirous and willing so to be gouerned which that it falleth not out so without cause as any man may perceiue that shall marke the course of our proceedinges for we leaue to euery The equity temperance of the Venetians gouernment citty that commeth into the fellowship of our gouernment their own municipate lawes and statutes and the Cittizens euery one in their owne citties obtaine many great and honorable places and not a few towns of those abroad in the countrie are gouerned by magistrates of their owne chosen among themselues as for those citties that are of greater fame and in which our gouernours do rule there do alwaies sit with them in Iustice Doctors of the law with whome our gouernours are to consult before they determine any thing which is both a matter of great honour and reputation as also of great gaine and commoditie vnto them these manner of offices may not bee executed by any of the Nobilitie of Venice but are eyther chosen from among the plebeians or else and that in a manner alwaies from out the citties subiected to our fellowship And therfore it may easilie appear that this our commonwealth is tempered with that moderatiō which seemeth chiefly and neerest to imitate nature For in the body of a liuing creature the office of looking about and seeing is attributed onely to the eyes and the other lesse noble offices left vnto the other members that are depriued of the vse of seeing obaying and not dissenting from that which by the eyes they are enformed but going and bending themselues thether whether they are by them directed and so the whole frame of the body is preserued and maintained in an excellent vnity and agreement which not vnlike reason is the supreme rule of thinges in the common-wealth of Venice committed to the Gentlemen as to the eyes of the citie and the vnnobler offices to the people both together making a happie and wel compacted bodie The eyes of the commonwealth not onely seeing for themselues but for all the other members and the other partes of the citie not so much regarding themselues as willingly obeying the direction of the eyes as being the principallest partes of the common-wealth whereas whatsoeuer commonwealth shall suffer it selfe to be carried away into that folly and madnes as to many it hath happened that the people will challenge vnto it selfe the office of seeing vsurpe the exercise of the eyes necessarily the whole commonwealth must tumble into a downefall and ruine And on the other side if the gentlemen shal onely prouide for their owne good neglecting that of the other members stirring thereby the people to enuie indignation it were impossible that it should go wel eyther with the one or the other Our ancestors therefore by the imitation of nature haue prouided both for the one and the other inconuenience and haue therein vsed the iust temperature and excellent moderation that none vnlesse he be worse then a detractor may any way blame or finde fault with a gouernment so vertuously established and so temperately maintayned which I beseech the Almighty and euerliuing God long to preserue in happinesse and safetie For if it bee credible that any good thing commeth to men from God then can there nothing bee more assured then that this great felicity is happened to the Citie of Venice through

fetch him from Rauenna to Venice in triumphes with 200. sayle inuesting him presentlie in the roya ltie of their Dukedome hee put away his first wife Giouanna and married the Lady Voldrada daughter to Marquis Guido whose dowry was great and rich Girolomie Bardi calleth her Vadetta sayeth that she was daughter to Alberto L. of Rauenna not onely in mony and Iewels but also in Castles and fortresses insomuch that growing insolent therewith hee called in mercenarie souldiers to the guard of his pallace and person in fine his manners were so outragious and himselfe grew so odious to the people that assēbling themselues in a fury they slew both him his little sonne within his pallace which they burned to the ground 23. Pietro Orseolo Anno. 976. THis great outrage being committed they elected Pietro Orseolo for their prince who being of a noble family and from his youth wholy giuen to deuotion was maruelous vnwilling to accept this high dignitie fearing least the same wold be a hinderance to the contemplature life which he chiefly desired he had by his wife Foelicia one sonne and no more like to him both in name and condition he repayred the church of S. Mark and the walles of Grado and succoured Bari against the Sarazens at length falling into acquaintance with one Guarino Abbot of S. Michaels of Cusano in Gascoyne hee grew so farre in loue with the reuerence of his person and the integrity of his conditions that determining to abandon the world hauing first distributed great gifts among the poore he departed one night in disguised garments with the said Giouani which Giouani Gradinigo and Giouani Morosmo his sonne in law and Romualdo Marino of Rauenna without saying a word thereof eyther to his wife or sonne he tooke with him much money which he bestowed in adorning the church of S. Michaell wherein hee made himselfe Monke and at the end of nineteene yeares dyed not without fame of doing many miracles hee was aged fifty yeares when hee entered into religion 24. Vitale Candiano anno 978. THe flight of Duke Orseolo being discouered Vitale Candiano sonne to Pietro the third was substituted in his place but falling into a grieuous infirmitie he renounced the Dukedome vowing that if he recouered to make himselfe a Fryer which hee performed and afterward comming to end his dayes hee was buried in the Church of S. Hilary 25. Tribuno Memo anno 479. TRibuno Memo beingelected Duke was so vexed with ciuill discord that was betweene the two mightie families of the Morasins and Calopins that renouncing the Dukedome he betooke himselfe to religion wherin he shortly finished his dayes and was buried in Saint Zacharies church 26. Pietro Orseolo anno 991. IN his place was chosen Pietro Orseolo sonne to that other Pietro whose life was so religious and holy he Conquered in a manner all Dalmatia and hauing done many other notable thinges especially in erection of Churches and sumptuous monumentes for Saintes hee dyed in the eighteenth yeare of his rule 27. Ottone Orseolo anno 1009 SVch was the peoples loue to the Father that they confirmed the gouernment to his sonne Ottone being a young man of eighteene yeares of age but of a very goodly personage and of a most exeellent spirite he married the sister of Geta king of Hungarie hee was excellentlie learned and of great liberality but in the end by the conspiracie practise of Dominico Flabanico hee was driuen out of Venice and confined to Constantinople in the seuenteenth yeare of his rule where shortly after hee dyed 28. Pietro Centranico anno 1026. IN place of Ottone was created Pietro Centranico or as some call him Barbolano but the city being then in tumult and hee vnpleasing to the people Orso brother to Ottone being then Patriarke of Grado by raising a faction tooke him prisoner and cutting off his beard constrained him to make himselfe a Fryer sending in the meane time for his brother Ottone to Constantinople hee himselfe by the consent of the people till then supplying the Ducall roome which Dominico Flabanico and his adherents that had been cause of Ottones banishment vnderstanding presentlie fled the citie but newes being brought of Ottones death Orso willingly surrendred vp the scepter and Domenico returned and that with such happy successe that he was presently elected Duke of Venice 29. Domenico Flabanico anno 1032. DOmenico Flabanico by reason of many yeares long experience was well acquainted with the world and subtle in his proceedings he ordained by a general consent of the rest that thence forward no Duke might admit any partner in gouernment and withall that none of the Orseoles might euer after bee capable of the Ducall dignitie hee ruled openly tenne yeares 30. Domenico Contarino Anno 1043. DOmenico Contarini was with exceeding contentment of the whole people elected Duke being of a noble family and withall of a very gentle and curteous disposition he did many notable thinges and dyed in the 26. yeare of his rule 31. Domenico Syluio Anno 1071. DOmenico Syluio presentlie vpon his election married the sister of Nicephorus Emperour of Constantinople at whose perswasion he made warre vpon Robert Duke of Puglia but being ouerthrowne in a great battel at Duraizo hee was chased out of Venice 32. Vitale Falero Anno. 1083. ANd in his stead was chosen Vitalo Falero who by reason of certain donations from the Emperour was the first that entituled himselfe Duke of Dalmatia and Croatia finally hauing ruled thirteene years hee dyed and was buried in the church of S. Marke 33. Vitale Michaele Anno 1096. VItale Michaele being installed Duke did many thinges gloriously in the wars against the Infidels in Asia and hauing onely ruled fiue years was succeeded by Ordelaffo Faliero 34. Ordelaffo Faliero Anno 1102. VVHo hauing married a wife of rovall parentage did assist Baldowin king of Ierusalem with a hundred sayle of shippes in his warres against the infidels and lastly he was slaine in an encounter at Zara hauing ruled 19. yeares 35. Domemco Michaele Anno 1119. DOmenico Michaele at instance of Pope Calisto went to Ioppo that was besieged by the Turkes whom he raysed from the same hauing with him two hundred sayle of ships he tooke also Tyre and gaue it to the Patriarch of Ierusalem and vpon his returne hee tooke from Emanuel Emperour of Greece the cities of Scio Samo Rodes Metellino and Andro and returned victorious to Venice where in the xi yeare of his rule hee deceased 36. Pietro Polani Anno 1130. PIetro Polani sonne in law to the former Duke began his rule in the yeare 1131. a man so singularly respected for his wisedome and integritie that the Emperors Corradus and Emanuel did chuse him for an Vmpier and Arbitrator of such differences as were betweene them hee conquered Fano and ouerthrewe those of Padoua and Pisa Lastly in assembling a mighty nauie in fauor of Emanuel the Emperour he fell sicke and died 37. Domenico Morosmi Anno 1148. DOmenico Morasmi