to_o be_v abhor_v of_o all_o christian_n yea_o though_o such_o breach_n of_o promise_n may_v be_v colour_v and_o excuse_v by_o equivocation_n mental_a reservation_n or_o any_o other_o pretence_n whatsoever_o see_v such_o lie_n and_o falsify_v of_o promise_n be_v not_o only_o most_o dishonourable_a unto_o god_n especial_o when_o as_o by_o oath_n he_o be_v bring_v in_o as_o a_o witness_n to_o a_o lie_n but_o also_o most_o hurtful_a to_o humane_a society_n and_o common_a wealth_n when_o as_o this_o chief_a bond_n of_o peace_n and_o justice_n be_v violate_v see_v none_o thus_o deceive_v will_v be_v willing_a afterward_o to_o trust_v another_o or_o to_o make_v truce_n or_o peace_n upon_o any_o condition_n when_o as_o they_o can_v have_v no_o assurance_n that_o they_o will_v be_v observe_v and_o perform_v yea_o such_o lie_n and_o breach_n of_o promise_n be_v above_o all_o most_o pernicious_a to_o the_o party_n themselves_o see_v through_o god_n just_a judgement_n they_o be_v either_o take_v in_o their_o own_o net_n and_o miscarry_v in_o their_o enterprise_n or_o have_v the_o same_o measure_n from_o other_o measure_v unto_o they_o who_o take_v they_o upon_o advantage_n falsify_v their_o faith_n to_o they_o who_o they_o have_v find_v faithless_a for_o he_o that_o be_v lord_n of_o host_n and_o god_n of_o battle_n who_o give_v salvation_n to_o king_n 10._o psal_n 144._o 10._o and_o deliver_v david_n his_o servant_n from_o the_o hurtful_a sword_n be_v also_o the_o god_n of_o truth_n and_o therefore_o as_o we_o may_v expect_v that_o he_o will_v crown_v justice_n and_o truth_n with_o conquest_n and_o triumph_n so_o that_o he_o will_v execute_v vengeance_n upon_o liar_n and_o not_o suffer_v falsehood_n to_o go_v unpunished_a the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o spy_n and_o intelligencer_n who_o if_o any_o other_o may_v in_o many_o respect_n plead_v for_o a_o liberty_n in_o lie_v but_o howsoever_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o such_o to_o disguise_v themselves_o and_o their_o intention_n and_o to_o use_v all_o good_a policy_n to_o conceal_v a_o unprofitable_a and_o unseasonable_a truth_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a lawful_a for_o they_o to_o use_v mean_n that_o be_v evil_a and_o sinful_a to_o effect_v their_o desire_n as_o to_o deny_v the_o truth_n renounce_v their_o religion_n to_o make_v profession_n of_o a_o false_a religion_n as_o judaisme_n mahumetism_n popery_n by_o go_v to_o mass_n and_o join_v with_o they_o in_o any_o superstitious_a service_n or_o final_o by_o tell_v lie_n or_o use_v any_o other_o falsehood_n to_o deceive_v and_o blind_v their_o eye_n with_o who_o they_o converse_v that_o they_o may_v achieve_v their_o design_n the_o better_a when_o as_o they_o live_v among_o they_o unsuspected_a the_o second_o question_n be_v concern_v simulation_n unlawful_a §._o 3._o the_o second_o question_n propoundedand_v discuss_v and_o first_o of_o simulation_n lawful_a and_o unlawful_a or_o feign_v and_o dissimulation_n or_o disguise_n simulation_n be_v when_o by_o word_n action_n or_o any_o other_o sign_n that_o be_v feign_v to_o be_v which_o be_v not_o dissimulation_n be_v when_o as_o by_o any_o of_o these_o mean_v any_o thing_n be_v disguise_v and_o hide_v which_o in_o truth_n be_v now_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o either_o of_o these_o can_v be_v judge_v lawful_a and_o just_o acquit_v from_o be_v a_o lie_n for_o the_o former_a we_o must_v answer_v by_o distinction_n for_o either_o the_o thing_n feign_v have_v no_o be_v at_o all_o either_o in_o reality_n and_o truth_n or_o in_o reason_n and_o signification_n or_o else_o though_o it_o have_v no_o existence_n proper_o and_o in_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o thing_n yet_o it_o have_v a_o improper_a and_o figurative_a be_v by_o which_o it_o signify_v and_o represent_v something_o that_o be_v if_o the_o thing_n feign_v have_v no_o be_v at_o all_o then_o be_v it_o all_o one_o with_o a_o lie_n but_o though_o it_o have_v no_o be_v in_o reality_n yet_o if_o it_o have_v a_o be_v in_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o be_v bring_v to_o signify_v demonstrate_v and_o illustrate_v something_o that_o be_v then_o be_v it_o no_o lie_n but_o whole_o tend_v to_o the_o set_v forth_o of_o truth_n and_o of_o this_o kind_n be_v many_o poetical_a fiction_n fable_n apology_n and_o parable_n so_o saint_n augustine_n not_o all_o that_o which_o we_o 51._o non_fw-la omne_fw-la quod_fw-la singimus_fw-la mendacium_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la quando_fw-la id_fw-la singimus_fw-la quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la significat_fw-la etc._n etc._n quaest_n evangel_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 51._o fain_o be_v a_o lie_n but_o than_o it_o be_v a_o lie_n when_o as_o we_o feign_v that_o which_o signify_v nothing_o but_o when_o our_o fiction_n be_v refer_v to_o some_o signification_n it_o be_v not_o a_o lie_n but_o some_o figure_n of_o truth_n otherwise_o all_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v speak_v figurative_o of_o wise_a and_o holy_a man_n yea_o even_a god_n himself_o shall_v be_v think_v lie_n because_o according_a to_o common_a understand_a truth_n be_v not_o in_o such_o speech_n as_o for_o example_n the_o parable_n of_o the_o prodigal_a be_v not_o real_o and_o proper_o true_a but_o figurative_o and_o in_o the_o reason_n and_o signification_n of_o it_o so_o our_o saviour_n come_v to_o look_n for_o fruit_n on_o the_o fig_n tree_n when_o the_o time_n of_o bear_v be_v not_o have_v in_o it_o no_o real_a intention_n to_o find_v fruit_n upon_o it_o see_v every_o one_o may_v know_v that_o in_o such_o a_o season_n it_o can_v have_v none_o but_o it_o be_v feign_v that_o as_o it_o be_v under_o this_o real_a parable_n he_o may_v signify_v that_o they_o who_o bring_v forth_o no_o ibid._n fictio_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la aliquam_fw-la veritatem_fw-la refertur_fw-la figura_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la refertur_fw-la mendacium_fw-la est_fw-la aug._n ibid._n fruit_n be_v under_o the_o curse_n and_o therefore_o as_o he_o say_v a_o fiction_n which_o be_v refer_v to_o some_o truth_n be_v a_o figure_n and_o that_o which_o be_v not_o thus_o refer_v be_v a_o lie_n second_o we_o may_v distinguish_v of_o the_o purpose_n and_o resolution_n of_o our_o mind_n and_o heart_n of_o do_v or_o not_o do_v what_o we_o fain_o and_o make_v show_v of_o for_o either_o it_o be_v absolute_a or_o conditional_a now_o if_o in_o show_n or_o word_n i_o fain_o that_o i_o will_v do_v that_o which_o i_o have_v absolute_o resolve_v not_o to_o do_v then_o do_v i_o lie_v whether_o i_o do_v or_o do_v it_o not_o because_o my_o word_n and_o signification_n disagree_v from_o my_o mind_n and_o heart_n but_o if_o my_o resolution_n be_v only_o conditional_a than_o it_o depend_v upon_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o condition_n and_o i_o may_v do_v a_o thing_n resolve_v on_o or_o not_o do_v it_o without_o lie_v as_o the_o condition_n be_v observe_v or_o not_o observe_v as_o for_o example_n if_o i_o go_v to_o a_o friend_n house_n with_o a_o resolution_n to_o return_v home_o to_o my_o own_o supper_n if_o he_o do_v not_o use_v some_o importunity_n in_o desire_v i_o to_o stay_v supper_n with_o he_o then_o if_o i_o fain_o that_o i_o will_v go_v home_o and_o use_v some_o earnestness_n that_o i_o may_v take_v leave_n i_o lie_v not_o if_o i_o go_v away_o though_o i_o desire_v to_o stay_v be_v not_o at_o all_o or_o but_o slight_o entreat_v nor_o yet_o if_o i_o stay_v though_o i_o make_v show_v that_o i_o will_v depart_v if_o importunity_n be_v use_v because_o my_o resolution_n be_v conditional_a and_o i_o be_v true_o purpose_v to_o depart_v if_o not_o earnest_o invite_v or_o to_o stay_v and_o sup_v with_o my_o friend_n if_o he_o instant_o desire_v it_o last_o we_o may_v distinguish_v of_o the_o divers_a end_n which_o they_o that_o fain_o do_v aim_v at_o in_o their_o feign_v for_o either_o their_o aim_n be_v to_o deceive_v their_o neighbour_n in_o make_v he_o to_o believe_v that_o which_o be_v not_o true_a or_o to_o do_v he_o some_o other_o hurt_n or_o else_o that_o they_o may_v hereby_o benefit_v themselves_o or_o other_o the_o former_a be_v to_o be_v repute_v a_o lie_n yea_o such_o a_o lie_n as_o be_v hurtful_a and_o pernicious_a as_o when_o man_n feign_v themselves_o to_o be_v pious_a and_o religious_a when_o as_o in_o truth_n they_o be_v impious_a and_o profane_a the_o which_o be_v damnable_a hypocrisy_n and_o this_o feign_a piety_n double_a iniquity_n or_o when_o outward_o by_o their_o word_n and_o show_v they_o fain_a love_n and_o friendship_n when_o as_o their_o heart_n be_v full_a of_o enmity_n that_o they_o may_v get_v the_o fit_a opportunity_n of_o revenge_n and_o execute_v their_o malice_n these_o man_n lie_v in_o their_o feign_v see_v their_o mind_n disagree_v from_o their_o word_n and_o show_v and_o because_o also_o their_o end_n and_o aim_n be_v to_o deceive_v and_o hurt_v now_o
of_o all_o and_o unto_o ourselves_o most_o pernicious_a both_o in_o respect_n of_o our_o soul_n and_o body_n in_o this_o life_n and_o the_o life_n to_o come_v for_o the_o reason_n why_o man_n be_v so_o apt_a to_o commit_v this_o sin_n be_v because_o they_o so_o much_o slight_v it_o as_o though_o it_o be_v no_o sin_n at_o all_o or_o if_o it_o be_v any_o yet_o so_o small_a and_o venial_a that_o it_o may_v well_o pass_v among_o humane_a frailty_n and_o infirmity_n by_o which_o also_o we_o have_v little_a damage_n see_v it_o be_v so_o common_a among_o man_n that_o the_o multitude_n of_o offender_n take_v away_o the_o shame_n and_o make_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o sin_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n bring_v with_o it_o so_o much_o seem_a profit_n and_o benefit_n that_o it_o do_v much_o overballance_n all_o the_o evil_n which_o do_v accompany_v it_o all_o which_o false_a conceit_n will_v easy_o vanish_v if_o we_o thorough_o weigh_v and_o consider_v the_o manifold_a and_o great_a evil_n of_o this_o sin_n which_o i_o have_v former_o discover_v and_o contrariwise_o the_o excellency_n of_o truth_n and_o the_o innumerable_a blessing_n that_o it_o bring_v to_o those_o who_o love_n and_o embrace_v it_o both_o in_o this_o world_n and_o the_o world_n to_o come_v second_o let_v we_o consider_v that_o we_o be_v always_o sight_n §._o 2._o that_o we_o consider_v that_o we_o be_v always_o in_o god_n sight_n in_o god_n sight_n and_o presence_n who_o be_v omniscient_a and_o search_v and_o know_v the_o very_a secret_n of_o our_o heart_n and_o take_v notice_n when_o we_o lie_v what_o distance_n and_o disagreement_n there_o be_v between_o our_o mind_n and_o tongue_n and_o omnipotent_a also_o to_o punish_v those_o sin_n which_o be_v all-seeing_a eye_n discover_v and_o most_o true_a as_o well_o in_o his_o threaten_n as_o promise_n so_o that_o he_o will_v not_o let_v liar_n go_v unpunished_a see_v he_o have_v threaten_v to_o destroy_v they_o 8._o psal_n 5._o 6._o apoc._n 21._o 8._o and_o cast_v they_o into_o hell_n and_o therefore_o what_o will_v it_o advantage_v the_o liar_n though_o he_o can_v so_o cunning_o coin_n his_o lie_n that_o they_o will_v for_o a_o time_n go_v currant_n among_o man_n if_o his_o lord_n and_o sovereign_n discover_v his_o falsity_n and_o treason_n what_o if_o he_o can_v tell_v his_o tale_n so_o smooth_o that_o the_o stander_n by_o will_v acquit_v he_o as_o innocent_a when_o as_o the_o judge_n himself_o see_v his_o guilt_n and_o sin_n so_o augustine_n thou_o 26_o mentiri_fw-la deo_fw-la potes_fw-la fallere_fw-la non_fw-la potes_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o euang._n johannis_n tract_n 26_o may_v lie_v unto_o god_n but_o thou_o can_v not_o deceive_v he_o for_o he_o know_v what_o thou_o do_v he_o see_v thou_o inward_o inward_o he_o behold_v examine_v and_o judge_v thou_o inward_o he_o either_o damn_v or_o crow_v thou_o three_o let_v we_o consider_v that_o truth_n rather_o than_o end_n §._o 3._o the_o three_o mean_n be_v to_o consider_v that_o truth_n be_v the_o best_a and_o ready_a way_n to_o attain_v our_o end_n lie_v be_v a_o better_a and_o more_o likely_a mean_n to_o attain_v unto_o our_o end_n either_o of_o obtain_v some_o benefit_n desire_v or_o of_o escape_v some_o punishment_n fear_v for_o the_o event_n and_o issue_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o god_n hand_n he_o it_o be_v that_o by_o his_o blessing_n confer_v benefit_n and_o in_o his_o just_a judgement_n inflict_v punishment_n and_o the_o heart_n of_o all_o man_n be_v at_o his_o dispose_n either_o to_o like_v or_o dislike_v we_o to_o favour_n and_o further_o we_o for_o our_o good_a or_o to_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o his_o justice_n to_o do_v we_o hurt_v for_o they_o be_v all_o but_o tool_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o great_a workman_n by_o who_o he_o effect_v what_o he_o will_v according_a to_o his_o good_a pleasure_n now_o than_o which_o be_v the_o likely_a way_n for_o the_o compass_v of_o our_o desire_n either_o in_o the_o obtain_n of_o good_a or_o the_o avoid_n of_o evil_a to_o please_v god_n by_o speak_v truth_n or_o to_o offend_v he_o by_o tell_v lie_n see_v all_o thing_n be_v at_o his_o dispose_n last_o let_v we_o meditate_v and_o consider_v that_o there_o will_v come_v a_o day_n of_o judgement_n when_o the_o secret_n judgement_n §._o 4._o the_o four_o mean_n be_v to_o meditate_v on_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n of_o all_o shall_v be_v disclose_v and_o whatsoever_o be_v do_v in_o the_o dark_a shall_v be_v bring_v to_o light_n at_o which_o day_n we_o shall_v all_o appear_v before_o christ_n tribunal_n to_o give_v a_o reckon_n of_o all_o that_o we_o have_v do_v in_o 9_o 1_o cor._n 6._o 9_o the_o flesh_n yea_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o every_o idle_a word_n 36._o matth._n 12._o 36._o as_o our_o saviour_n speak_v and_o how_o much_o more_o of_o lie_n whereby_o we_o have_v dishonour_v god_n and_o hurt_v both_o our_o neighbour_n and_o ourselves_o now_o if_o it_o be_v a_o great_a shame_n to_o have_v all_o our_o lie_n write_v in_o our_o forehead_n or_o if_o they_o be_v not_o large_a enough_o to_o have_v they_o publish_v in_o the_o market_n place_n and_o set_v up_o upon_o every_o post_n and_o pillar_n in_o the_o street_n then_o what_o shame_n and_o confusion_n shall_v cover_v their_o face_n when_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v discover_v at_o this_o dreadful_a day_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o man_n and_o angel_n and_o when_o as_o satan_n find_v his_o mark_n and_o image_n upon_o liar_n shall_v own_v they_o for_o his_o child_n and_o carry_v they_o with_o he_o to_o inherit_v their_o patrimony_n in_o that_o lake_n which_o burn_v with_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n and_o these_o be_v the_o mean_n which_o respect_n meditation_n truth_n §._o 5._o of_o the_o mean_n which_o respect_n affection_n and_o action_n first_o that_o we_o work_v our_o heart_n to_o a_o love_n of_o truth_n the_o mean_n which_o respect_n affection_n and_o action_n be_v divers_a the_o first_o be_v that_o we_o work_v our_o heart_n to_o the_o love_n of_o the_o truth_n by_o consider_v the_o beauty_n excellency_n profit_n and_o necessity_n of_o it_o whereof_o it_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o we_o shall_v so_o esteem_v it_o that_o we_o will_v purchase_v it_o at_o the_o dear_a price_n but_o not_o sell_v it_o at_o any_o rate_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o wise_a man_n buy_v the_o truth_n but_o sell_v it_o not_o and_o if_o we_o love_v 23._o prov._n 23._o 23._o and_o high_o esteem_v the_o truth_n then_o will_v we_o hate_v lie_v as_o opposite_a unto_o it_o and_o then_o will_v we_o delight_v and_o rejoice_v in_o it_o as_o in_o a_o precious_a jewel_n but_o if_o we_o will_v not_o receive_v it_o with_o love_n and_o delight_n god_n will_v leave_v we_o to_o the_o vanity_n of_o our_o mind_n the_o corruption_n of_o vile_a affection_n and_o unto_o strong_a delusion_n 11._o 2_o thes_n 2._o 11._o both_o to_o make_v believe_v and_o delight_v in_o lie_n the_o second_o mean_n be_v that_o we_o set_v a_o careful_a watch_n over_o our_o lip_n and_o tongue_n that_o we_o do_v tongue_n §._o 6._o the_o second_o mean_n be_v that_o we_o set_v a_o watch_n over_o our_o tongue_n not_o speak_v vain_o nor_o rash_o and_o unadvised_o for_o common_o in_o many_o word_n there_o be_v some_o untrueth_n and_o they_o that_o be_v rash_a in_o their_o word_n speak_v oftentimes_o they_o know_v not_o what_o and_o for_o want_v of_o consideration_n at_o unaware_o speak_v lie_n in_o stead_n of_o truth_n and_o have_v once_o speak_v they_o they_o will_v stand_v to_o what_o they_o have_v say_v for_o their_o credit_n sake_n and_o to_o tell_v a_o second_o lie_v to_o make_v the_o former_a seem_v truth_n and_o therefore_o if_o we_o will_v avoid_v lie_v we_o must_v with_o david_n look_v careful_o to_o our_o way_n and_o keep_v our_o mouth_n as_o with_o a_o bridle_n 1._o psal_n 39_o 1._o that_o we_o sin_v not_o with_o our_o tongue_n the_o three_o mean_n be_v that_o we_o mortify_v our_o carnal_a lie_v §._o 7._o the_o three_o mean_n be_v that_o we_o mortify_v our_o carnal_a lust_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o lie_v and_o worldly_a lust_n which_o be_v the_o common_a cause_n of_o lie_v as_o first_o and_o principal_o carnal_a and_o inordinate_a fear_n whereby_o we_o fear_v man_n more_o than_o god_n and_o so_o become_v more_o careful_a to_o please_v they_o that_o they_o may_v favour_v and_o reward_v we_o and_o to_o avoid_v their_o anger_n and_o displeasure_n that_o they_o may_v not_o hurt_v or_o punish_v we_o than_o to_o please_v god_n or_o avoid_v his_o wrath_n who_o have_v all_o power_n in_o his_o hand_n to_o reward_v or_o punish_v we_o both_o in_o this_o life_n or_o the_o life_n to_o come_v and_o this_o move_v man_n to_o tell_v
as_o it_o be_v disguise_v with_o some_o shadow_n or_o colour_n of_o truth_n a_o untruth_n thus_o mistake_v can_v be_v account_v a_o lie_n because_o the_o will_n agree_v with_o the_o mind_n and_o the_o tongue_n be_v direct_v by_o the_o will_n so_o that_o though_o a_o man_n speak_v a_o lie_n yet_o he_o be_v no_o liar_n because_o he_o neither_o think_v that_o he_o lie_v nor_o will_v willing_o do_v it_o if_o he_o know_v it_o to_o be_v so_o 11._o interest_n enim_fw-la inter_fw-la mentientem_fw-la &_o mendacem_fw-la nam_fw-la mentiens_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la mentitur_fw-la invitus_fw-la etc._n etc._n ad_fw-la consent_n lib._n 1._o c._n 11._o to_o this_o purpose_n saint_n augustine_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n say_v he_o between_o one_o that_o tell_v a_o lie_n and_o one_o that_o be_v a_o liar_n for_o one_o may_v tell_v a_o lie_n that_o lie_v unwilling_o but_o a_o liar_n love_v to_o lie_v and_o dwell_v with_o his_o mind_n in_o the_o delight_n of_o lie_v the_o three_o thing_n that_o concur_v in_o a_o lie_n be_v that_o deceive_v §._o 6._o that_o a_o lie_n be_v utter_v with_o a_o purpose_n to_o deceive_v it_o be_v a_o untruth_n always_o utter_v with_o a_o purpose_n and_o desire_v to_o deceive_v and_o to_o make_v the_o party_n to_o who_o we_o speak_v think_v that_o to_o be_v so_o which_o be_v not_o so_o that_o such_o a_o untruth_n as_o be_v utter_v without_o any_o purpose_n to_o deceive_v be_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v a_o lie_n because_o it_o aim_v not_o at_o that_o end_n which_o a_o liar_n always_o propound_v for_o howsoever_o some_o appropriate_a this_o end_n to_o pernicious_a lie_n that_o the_o liar_n intend_v it_o therein_o only_o yet_o indeed_o it_o belong_v also_o to_o those_o lie_n that_o be_v officious_a and_o in_o jest_n it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v some_o liar_n that_o have_v a_o will_n and_o desire_v to_o deceive_v he_o unto_o who_o they_o speak_v without_o his_o loss_n yea_o it_o may_v be_v for_o his_o profit_n and_o delight_n as_o those_o that_o use_v officious_a and_o merry_a lie_n and_o some_o lie_n with_o a_o will_n and_o desire_v to_o hurt_v and_o endammage_n he_o as_o pernicious_a liar_n but_o all_o agree_v in_o this_o that_o all_o will_v deceive_v though_o the_o one_o for_o their_o good_a the_o other_o for_o their_o hurt_n for_o whosoever_o speak_v that_o which_o be_v false_a witting_o and_o willing_o whether_o it_o do_v good_a or_o hurt_n he_o always_o speak_v it_o to_o this_o end_n that_o the_o truth_n may_v not_o be_v understand_v by_o he_o that_o hear_v he_o and_o consequent_o to_o deceive_v he_o i_o say_v it_o be_v his_o next_o end_n to_o deceive_v although_o his_o remote_a end_n at_o which_o he_o aim_v be_v to_o delight_n or_o profit_v he_o which_o he_o use_v as_o a_o mean_n to_o attain_v unto_o his_o desire_n as_o when_o a_o physician_n tell_v his_o sick_a patient_n that_o the_o potion_n which_o he_o will_v he_o to_o take_v be_v sweet_a and_o pleasant_a though_o intruth_o it_o be_v bitter_a and_o loathsome_a that_o so_o he_o may_v persuade_v he_o to_o drink_v it_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o health_n the_o main_a end_n at_o which_o herein_o he_o aim_v be_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o sick_a man_n but_o the_o next_o end_n be_v to_o deceive_v he_o by_o tell_v a_o untruth_n which_o he_o use_v as_o a_o mean_n to_o further_o the_o other_o end_n of_o cure_v he_o which_o be_v principal_o in_o his_o intention_n and_o desire_n the_o last_o thing_n in_o the_o definition_n to_o be_v consider_v express_v §._o 7._o of_o the_o divers_a manner_n and_o mean_n whereby_o a_o lie_n be_v express_v of_o be_v the_o divers_a manner_n and_o mean_n whereby_o a_o lie_n be_v express_v and_o commit_v and_o that_o be_v either_o positive_o and_o direct_o when_o as_o the_o truth_n be_v contradict_v and_o oppose_v or_o else_o privative_o and_o indirect_o when_o as_o it_o be_v suppress_v and_o betray_v the_o former_a be_v do_v by_o any_o outward_a signification_n of_o the_o inward_a notion_n and_o thought_n of_o the_o mind_n especial_o by_o our_o speech_n and_o action_n by_o our_o speech_n a_o lie_n be_v express_v and_o commit_v when_o as_o we_o speak_v otherwise_o than_o that_o which_o we_o conceive_v in_o our_o mind_n either_o affirm_v that_o to_o be_v which_o we_o think_v be_v not_o or_o deny_v that_o to_o be_v which_o as_o we_o conceive_v be_v by_o our_o action_n when_o by_o our_o outward_a show_n gesture_n and_o deed_n we_o deceitful_o feign_v dissemble_v and_o disguise_v the_o truth_n that_o we_o may_v deceive_v our_o neighbour_n by_o make_v he_o to_o think_v that_o to_o be_v which_o be_v not_o or_o that_o not_o to_o be_v which_o be_v and_o to_o conceive_v by_o our_o outward_a show_n and_o carriage_n that_o we_o intend_v that_o which_o be_v least_o in_o our_o thought_n to_o this_o end_n that_o we_o may_v deceive_v and_o hurt_v he_o second_o a_o lie_n be_v commit_v privative_o and_o indirect_o when_o as_o the_o truth_n be_v suppress_v and_o betray_v and_o that_o be_v do_v when_o as_o by_o silence_n it_o be_v conceal_v at_o such_o time_n and_o before_o such_o person_n wherein_o and_o before_o who_o we_o be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o reveal_v and_o confess_v it_o for_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o good_a of_o our_o neighbour_n for_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n be_v contrary_n without_o mean_a the_o suppress_n of_o the_o one_o be_v the_o exalt_v of_o the_o other_o and_o we_o may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o lie_v when_o we_o deny_v the_o truth_n and_o to_o deny_v it_o when_o we_o conceal_v it_o by_o silence_n at_o such_o time_n as_o we_o be_v lawful_o call_v to_o confess_v it_o and_o therefore_o our_o saviour_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o antithesis_fw-la and_o opposition_n make_v this_o to_o be_v all_o one_o to_o deny_v he_o and_o not_o to_o confess_v he_o whosoever_o shall_v confess_v i_o before_o man_n he_o will_v i_o confess_v 33._o matth._n 10._o 32_o 33._o also_o before_o my_o father_n which_o be_v in_o heaven_n but_o whosoever_o shall_v deny_v i_o before_o man_n he_o will_v i_o deny_v also_o before_o my_o father_n which_o be_v in_o heaven_n so_o that_o our_o silence_v of_o truth_n when_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v speak_v and_o confess_v be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o denial_n see_v by_o such_o silence_n it_o be_v betray_v and_o the_o contrary_a error_n and_o truth_n advance_v and_o maintain_v and_o therefore_o fit_o do_v the_o apostle_n john_n in_o that_o catalogue_n of_o 8._o apoc._n 21._o 8._o sinner_n which_o shall_v have_v their_o part_n in_o that_o lake_n which_o burn_v with_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n rank_n the_o fearful_a with_o liar_n because_o as_o the_o one_o bely_v the_o truth_n so_o the_o other_o through_o their_o cowardice_n and_o infidelity_n dare_v not_o confess_v it_o which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o betray_v and_o deny_v it_o chap._n iii_o of_o divers_a sort_n and_o form_n of_o speech_n which_o be_v to_o be_v acquit_v from_o the_o censure_n of_o a_o lye_n and_o these_o be_v the_o thing_n which_o always_o lie_n §._o 1._o of_o hyperbole_n and_o that_o they_o be_v no_o lie_n concur_v in_o every_o lie_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o divers_a form_n of_o speak_v which_o be_v suspect_v and_o accuse_v as_o lie_n be_v acquit_v and_o clear_v hereof_o at_o the_o bar_n before_o the_o seat_n of_o justice_n by_o a_o right_a sentence_n of_o true_a judgement_n as_o namely_o hyperbolical_a speech_n fable_n parable_n and_o irony_n in_o all_o which_o though_o there_o be_v not_o the_o same_o speak_v which_o be_v mean_v punctual_o and_o literal_o yet_o the_o same_o in_o the_o sense_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o speaker_n in_o who_o there_o be_v no_o will_n to_o lie_v or_o speak_v contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n with_o a_o love_n and_o delight_n in_o falsehood_n but_o a_o divers_a expression_n of_o the_o same_o truth_n conceive_v in_o the_o mind_n in_o other_o word_n and_o phrase_n than_o be_v ordinary_a namely_o such_o as_o be_v tropical_a metaphorical_a parabolicall_a and_o hyperbolical_a not_o only_o for_o the_o great_a elegancy_n but_o also_o for_o the_o more_o profit_n of_o the_o hearer_n and_o not_o to_o blind_v he_o with_o untruth_n or_o deceive_v he_o with_o lie_n but_o rather_o the_o better_a to_o convince_v he_o of_o the_o truth_n and_o to_o move_v he_o to_o embrace_v it_o with_o great_a profit_n and_o delight_n as_o first_o for_o hyperboale_n or_o hyperbolical_a speech_n which_o be_v the_o raise_n of_o thing_n to_o their_o high_a pitch_n and_o the_o enlarge_n of_o they_o above_o all_o due_a proportion_n not_o to_o deceive_v for_o then_o some_o measure_n shall_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v the_o thing_n probable_a and_o credible_a but_o to_o express_v the_o conceit_n of_o the_o mind_n in_o a_o extraordinary_a
with_o these_o lie_a art_n so_o that_o as_o covetousness_n be_v the_o root_n of_o all_o 21._o 1_o tim._n 6._o 10._o exod._n 18._o 21._o evil_a so_o especial_o of_o lie_n and_o therefore_o when_o jethro_n will_v describe_v fit_a magistrate_n he_o join_v these_o together_o that_o they_o must_v be_v such_o as_o fear_n god_n man_n of_o truth_n and_o hate_v covetousness_n imply_v that_o covetous_a person_n can_v love_v the_o truth_n see_v it_o be_v one_o of_o their_o chief_a art_n in_o get_v wealth_n to_o make_v no_o other_o use_n of_o truth_n but_o that_o it_o may_v serve_v sometime_o for_o a_o show_n to_o colour_v their_o lie_n in_o which_o regard_n if_o we_o will_v leave_v this_o vice_n of_o lie_v we_o must_v also_o forsake_v our_o covetousness_n which_o make_v man_n to_o make_v more_o haste_n than_o good_a speed_n that_o they_o may_v attain_v unto_o riches_n to_o which_o end_n let_v we_o consider_v with_o the_o wise_a man_n that_o treasure_n of_o wickedness_n profit_n nothing_o but_o righteousness_n 2._o prov._n 10._o 2._o deliver_v from_o death_n that_o riches_n thus_o get_v will_v 4_o prov._n 11._o 4_o not_o profit_v in_o the_o day_n of_o wrath_n and_o that_o when_o this_o day_n come_v we_o shall_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v a_o poor_a man_n than_o a_o liar_n that_o wealth_n get_v 20._o chap._n 19_o 20._o by_o vanity_n shall_v be_v diminish_v whereas_o he_o that_o get_v by_o honest_a labour_n shall_v increase_v final_o that_o the_o 11._o chap._n 13._o 11._o get_n of_o treasure_n by_o a_o lie_a tongue_n be_v a_o vanity_n toss_v â—_o chap._n 21._o â—_o to_o and_o fro_o of_o they_o that_o seek_v death_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o divers_a sort_n and_o kind_n of_o lie_n the_o next_o point_n which_o now_o come_v distinguish_v §._o 1._o the_o kind_n of_o lie_n diverse_o distinguish_v to_o be_v handle_v be_v the_o divers_a sort_n and_o kind_n of_o lie_v and_o lie_v in_o which_o regard_n they_o be_v diverse_o distinguish_v the_o first_o distinction_n be_v take_v from_o the_o cause_n for_o either_o they_o proceed_v from_o the_o devil_n tentation_n or_o the_o world_n instigation_n or_o from_o the_o corruption_n of_o our_o own_o flesh_n if_o at_o least_o these_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v divers_a kind_n in_o which_o these_o cause_n ordinary_o concur_v and_o meet_v together_o and_o these_o which_o proceed_v from_o our_o flesh_n and_o the_o lust_n thereof_o be_v either_o lie_n which_o arise_v from_o ignorance_n and_o forgetfulness_n of_o god_n and_o his_o truth_n or_o from_o infirmity_n and_o immoderate_a fear_n of_o man_n of_o which_o sort_n be_v that_o of_o abraham_n and_o peter_n to_o avoid_v danger_n or_o out_o of_o a_o natural_a vanity_n and_o delight_n in_o lie_v or_o final_o from_o covetousness_n which_o cause_v man_n to_o lie_v for_o their_o gain_n and_o advantage_n the_o second_o distinction_n be_v take_v from_o the_o very_a form_n and_o nature_n of_o a_o lie_n which_o be_v as_o aquinas_n say_v the_o most_o proper_a 2._o 2d_o 2d_o quaest_n 110._o art_n 2._o and_o natural_a division_n and_o so_o a_o lie_n either_o transcend_v and_o exceed_v the_o truth_n and_o be_v call_v boast_v or_o arrogancy_n or_o else_o it_o come_v short_a of_o that_o which_o be_v true_a and_o extenuate_v it_o offend_v in_o the_o defect_n and_o so_o be_v call_v a_o irony_n and_o this_o be_v the_o philosopher_n division_n the_o which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v 4._o arist_n eth_z lib._n 4._o the_o most_o proper_a because_o a_o lie_n be_v opposite_a to_o truth_n which_o consist_v in_o a_o equality_n and_o evenness_n between_o the_o speech_n and_o the_o thing_n and_o therefore_o the_o opposition_n unto_o it_o which_o be_v in_o a_o lie_n be_v according_a to_o these_o two_o extreme_n which_o be_v either_o the_o excess_n or_o defect_n the_o three_o division_n which_o be_v the_o most_o common_a lie_n §._o 2._o lie_v distinguish_v into_o 3._o kind_n merry_a officious_a and_o pernicious_a lie_n and_o receive_v be_v take_v from_o the_o divers_a end_n which_o man_n in_o their_o lie_a propound_n unto_o themselves_o for_o either_o their_o end_n be_v to_o delight_v themselves_o and_o their_o hearer_n and_o then_o it_o be_v call_v mendacium_fw-la jocosum_fw-la a_o merry_a lie_n or_o their_o end_n be_v to_o profit_n and_o do_v good_a to_o themselves_o or_o other_o the_o which_o be_v call_v mendacium_fw-la officiosum_fw-la a_o officious_a lie_n or_o final_o their_o end_n be_v to_o do_v hurt_v and_o mischief_n which_o be_v call_v mendacium_fw-la perniciosum_fw-la a_o pernicious_a lie_n in_o which_o division_n i_o purpose_v to_o insist_v only_o add_v thereunto_o a_o four_o kind_n which_o be_v call_v mendacium_fw-la modestum_fw-la or_o a_o modest_a lie_n when_o man_n in_o a_o kind_n of_o humility_n deny_v or_o extenuate_v their_o virtue_n and_o good_a part_n a_o merry_a lie_n be_v that_o wherein_o the_o liar_n propound_v be_v a_o merry_a lie_n what_o it_o be_v this_o end_n only_o that_o he_o may_v delight_v his_o hearer_n and_o not_o deceive_v he_o or_o so_o far_o only_o to_o deceive_v as_o that_o thereby_o he_o may_v delight_v he_o for_o there_o be_v some_o as_o saint_n augustine_n say_v who_o 10._o contra_fw-la mendacium_fw-la ad_fw-la consentium_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 10._o desire_n by_o their_o lie_n to_o please_v man_n not_o that_o they_o may_v injure_v or_o reproach_n any_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v sweet_a and_o pleasant_a in_o their_o talk_n now_o these_o differ_v from_o other_o liar_n in_o this_o that_o they_o delight_v to_o lie_v rejoice_v in_o the_o deceit_n itself_o but_o these_o delight_n to_o please_v with_o the_o urbanity_n and_o sweetness_n of_o their_o speech_n who_o notwithstanding_o have_v rather_o please_v by_o utter_v truth_n but_o when_o as_o they_o can_v easy_o find_v true_a thing_n which_o be_v acceptable_a to_o their_o hearer_n they_o choose_v rather_o to_o lie_v than_o to_o hold_v their_o peace_n now_o such_o lie_n be_v either_o so_o cunning_o frame_v and_o colour_v with_o likely_a hood_n and_o similitude_n of_o truth_n that_o they_o deceive_v the_o hearer_n with_o their_o specious_a show_n and_o afterward_o delight_v he_o when_o he_o discern_v the_o jest_n and_o find_v his_o error_n or_o else_o spin_v with_o so_o course_n a_o thread_n by_o the_o teller_n of_o they_o have_v no_o probability_n or_o show_v of_o truth_n that_o the_o hearer_n plain_o discover_v they_o and_o be_v only_o delight_v with_o the_o artificial_a absurdity_n and_o prodigious_a hyperbole_n of_o the_o tale_n which_o transcend_v all_o truth_n and_o likelihood_n so_o that_o the_o hearer_n be_v no_o way_n deceive_v by_o it_o know_v that_o it_o be_v speak_v in_o jest_n to_o move_v delight_n a_o officious_a lie_n be_v when_o as_o the_o speaker_n witting_o and_o willing_o utter_v be_v a_o officious_a lie_n what_o it_o be_v a_o untruth_n either_o out_o of_o piety_n that_o he_o may_v glorify_v god_n or_o out_o of_o charity_n and_o love_n of_o justice_n and_o mercy_n that_o he_o may_v thereby_o do_v good_a to_o himself_o or_o his_o neighbour_n either_o to_o prevent_v or_o free_v he_o or_o himself_o from_o some_o loss_n danger_n disgrace_n or_o other_o mischief_n or_o to_o procure_v unto_o either_o some_o profit_n and_o benefit_n and_o that_o without_o the_o hurt_n or_o damage_n of_o any_o other_o a_o pernicious_a lie_n be_v be_v a_o pernicious_a lie_n what_o it_o be_v when_o as_o the_o speaker_n intend_v by_o lie_v not_o only_o to_o deceive_v his_o hearer_n but_o also_o to_o damnify_v and_o hurt_v his_o neighbour_n in_o his_o person_n name_n or_o state_n and_o that_o witting_o and_o willing_o in_o which_o kind_n concur_v all_o the_o sinful_a evil_n that_o be_v in_o a_o lie_n in_o the_o high_a degree_n for_o first_o he_o that_o thus_o lie_v not_o only_o speak_v that_o which_o be_v false_a but_o also_o false_o against_o his_o mind_n and_o knowledge_n second_o he_o thus_o speak_v willing_o love_v and_o delight_v in_o his_o lie_n and_o last_o with_o a_o purpose_n and_o desire_v to_o deceive_v and_o to_o do_v hurt_v and_o mischief_n by_o his_o deceit_n in_o all_o which_o respect_v this_o sort_n of_o lie_n be_v above_o all_o other_o most_o abominable_a unto_o god_n pernicious_a to_o our_o neighbour_n and_o damnable_a to_o our_o own_o soul_n in_o the_o practice_n whereof_o man_n than_o grow_v to_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o this_o hellish_a impiety_n when_o with_o the_o devil_n the_o father_n of_o lie_n they_o not_o only_o use_v they_o for_o profit_n or_o necessity_n but_o also_o love_n and_o delight_n in_o they_o more_o than_o in_o the_o truth_n like_o those_o of_o who_o the_o psalmist_n speak_v thou_o love_v evil_a 4._o psal_n 52._o 3_o 4._o more_o than_o good_a and_o lie_v rather_o than_o to_o speak_v righteousness_n thou_o love_v all_o devour_a word_n o_o thou_o