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A47601 A medium betwixt two extremes wherein it is proved that the whole first Adam was condemned and the whole second Adam justified : being a sermon lately preached on Rom. 8:1 and now published to prevent the further controversy (in one main point) about justification : to which are added reflections on some passages in Mr. Clark's new book called Scripture-Justification / by Benjamin Keach. Keach, Benjamin, 1640-1704.; Clark, Samuel, 1626-1701. Scripture justification. 1698 (1698) Wing K77; ESTC R29062 30,374 54

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they were Things before God or in his sight is one thing and things as to us or as actually existing is another thing That God sees the Elect justified and glorified too from Eternity is evident who are not actually and personally justified nor indeed can be said so to be until they personally exist and are in Jesus Christ 2. That to be federally fundamentally and representatively justified in Christ is one thing and to be actually and personally justified is another thing or Christ's receiving our Discharge and Justification as our Head and Surety for us is one thing and the application thereof or his giving of it out unto us pronouncing us just and righteous before God in our own Consciences and before all the World is another thing Thirdly We infer from hence that God magnifies his rich Grace exceedingly to us who believe or that the work of Grace is a glorious work upon the Soul and that Union with Christ is to be esteemed as one of the richest manifestations of his electing Love Fourthly That all Men out of Christ may see cause from hence to tremble considering what a woful State they are in and so strive to fly to Christ with speed Fifthly That such who are in Christ have cause to admire God's Free Grace and may from hence also take in a most precious and rich Cordial of the highest comfort and consolation for therefore Now there is no Condemnation to them who are in Christ Jesus But no more at this time A POSTSCRIPT containing a few Reflections upon some Passages in Mr. Clark's new Book intituled Scripture-Justification NEver more need for all that are Orthodox I mean who are established in the Doctrine of Justification by the imputed Righteousness of Jesus Christ or by his active and passive Obedience alone according to the Scripture and as maintained by most of the Antient Fathers and all our worthy modern Protestant Divines to cement together in Love and Union and to pass by small matters of Difference considering what a grand design is carrying on by the great Enemies of the true Christian Religion for Satan never appeared in his Instruments more bold and bare-fac'd against this grand Fundamental of Christianity viz. that of Justification since blessed Luther's days who as an Instrument with others gave him such a Wound than at this present time Reader we had need bestir our selves and rouse up with holy Zeal for God for all even the Foundation is struck at Just as this precedent Sermon was going to the Press a Book came to my hand wrote by Mr. Samuel Clark a Man of great Learning and who indeed writes without much seeming Gall or Invectives against any Man's Person the better to vent his Indignation against the Doctrine he opposes striving to revive and maintain the Baxterian Error with such Confidence and barefacedness that if some able Pen do not answer him it may do much harm to weak and unwary Christians He says He would not for a World lift up the least thought much less a Finger or Pen or utter the least word derogatory to the free Grace of God or cast the least blemish or speck upon the Reformation or the worthy Persons that were Instruments in it Yet he hath been so unhappy as to attempt the razing and utter overthrowing of that grand Truth in which mainly the Reformation consisted viz. Justification by the imputation of Christ's active and passive Obedience through the free Grace of God apprehended and received by Faith alone without any thing wrought in us or done by us not by imputing Faith or any other act of Evangelical Obedience but the imputing of Christ's Obedience and Satisfaction exclusively of all things else whatsoever And that Faith is only said to justify us objectively or in respect had to the Object Jesus Christ which it taketh hold of To this purpose Luther Melancthon Calvin Zanchy Perkins Ames Dr. Vsher Dr. Goodwin Dr. Owen Dr. Sibs Dr. Preston Norton Burroughs Caryl Pemble the Assembly and indeed all other Antient and Modern Writers generally But contrary to this Doctrine see what Mr. Clark saith viz. That justifying Faith is the same thing in substance with effectual Calling Repentance Regeneration Conversion Sanctification Renovation forming of Christ in the Soul c. Ans What now is the Purport of this Notion Why that Faith in a large or comprehensive Sense i.e. Faith with all other Graces and inherent Righteousness God hath instituted and ordained to be our justifying Righteousness in his Sight as in other places in his Book he doth assert without mincing the matter Again he saith I would avoid many figurative Expositions of Scripture which others are feign to make use of to salve their Phaenomena as when we are said to be justified by Faith they take it Metonymically for the Object of Faith viz. the Righteousness of Christ which what is it else than to make the Scripture a meer Nose of Wax and a Leaden Rule and to comply with our Fancies c. Answ This is much like Bellarmine in another case it appears the Doctrine we are established in and upon which we build all our Hopes of Justification and eternal Life is but a Fancy What is now become of that Doctrine Paul preached and all our worthy Reformers How will this make the Papists and Quakers smile 'T is not according to Mr. Clark the Object of Faith not Jesus Christ that Faith apprehends and we alone trust in but it is Faith that justifieth us comprehensively taken that is Faith Love Charity good Works and sincere Obedience that is imputed to us to our Justification in the sight of God And that so far as you act in Faith Holiness and in sincere Obedience so far you are justified For he positively affirms viz. That our Justification at present while we are in this World is but partial imperfect and incompleat These are his Words Answ Now if we are not perfectly justified it follows then we are not perfectly delivered from Condemnation nor acquitted from the Guilt of all Sin and so not in a state of Life nor made free indeed by the Son of God and then also Christ's Dove is not without spot nor undefiled in respect to Justification And then also it follows as the Papists say there is no assurance can be had or attained in this Life or until Death nor can we be said to be compleat in Christ besides it confounds Justification with Sanctification nay it makes them but one and the same thing Nay more that by a Law Righteousness is to be obtained and so Christ is dead in vain Now I profess I can see but little difference between this Doctrine and that of Bellarmin's and other Papists If famous Luther and other worthy Reformers had wrought no better Reformation than this the Church of God would have received but little benefit from them nor would the Papists have been so angry with them
Duty and that Debt we owed to God Dare you deny Christ as our Surety paid it Certainly had he not fulfilled the Preceptory part of the Law as well as born the Penal part for us we could not be justified from the Charge and Curse thereof But why must we because we say Surety hath done this be justified by the Law or Covenant of Works Are we Saviours or Mediators because we have his Righteousness imputed to us of meer Grace Is the Debtor the Surety because the Surety's Payment is accepted for him The old Covenant-Righteousness was an inherent Righteousness a Righteousness in a Man's self i. e. Adam's own Righteousness not a Righteousness imputed but inherent the Righteousness of your new Law is a Legal or Law-Righteousness and looks more like an old Covenant-Righteousness because 't is inherent or infused into you not put upon you or imputed to you as being wrought out for you without you And Sir is there no favour shewed to us because our Surety has paid this Debt Was it not great Love great Grace and Favour for God to accept of a Surety nay to substitute his own Son in our stead to satisfy all the Demands of the Law and Justice True we are not simply dealt with in a way of Mercy I mean pardoned only but in a way of Justice and Righteousness also Justification has more than Pardon in it as your Notion allows we found not the Surety but God found him therefore all is of God's free Grace tho also all is by the Obedience of Christ i. e. by his keeping Law for us and dying in our stead To plead for a Righteousness by Obedience to any mild Law is no other than to plead for a Legal Righteousness in our selves to justify us and that is as opposite to the Righteousness of God as the trusting in the Moral and Ceremonial Law it being opposite to Grace the Righteousness therefore of the Law by which no Flesh can be justified is a Righteousness rested in or trusted to that is inherent in us whatsoever Thoughts a Person may have of it i. e. as perfectly or only sincerely kept But to proceed Did not God send his Son that the Righteousness of the Law might be fulfilled in us c that is in our Nature in our Head Christ and Believers as I said before are one in a Law-sense and evident it is that the Righteousness of the Law is not fulfilled in us in Sanctification because that is imperfect that is far from fulfilling it and there is no other way it can be said to be fulfilled in us but by imputation Moreover by Christ's coming to keep the Law in our Nature God hath magnified the Law and made it honourable and hereby we do not make void the Law through Faith but establish the Law in that the Son of God in Man's Nature yielded perfect Obedience thereto and died for our breach of it whose Obedience is ours by imputation to our Justification at his Bar. Pray observe that through Faith we attain a perfect Righteousness i. e. are interested in the most compleat Obedience of Christ to the Moral Law but now if Christ only satisfied for our breach of the Law by his Death and his perfect active Obedience has no hand in or is not the material Cause of our Justification before God how do we by believing in him establish the Law I say the Righteousness of the Law which is so called which the Apostle decries as unable to justify us is a resting in or trusting to our inperfect Conformity to it or to any other Law tho never so sincerely performed for this sort of Righteousness is always opposed to the Righteousness of Faith or of Grace If it be of Works of any Works whatsoever it is not of Grace all works of sincere Obedience to any Law of God are alike materially good But God has not ordained any Law of sincere Obedience to justify us because Grace excludeth all Works done by us in point of Justification in God's Sight We can no more be justified by the Law of the Gospel i.e. the New Law than by the Old Mr. Clark says The Justification Paul speaks of in the Romans and that which James speaks of is the same And further he says to be justified by Faith according to Paul and by Works according to James is all one Justification by Works springing from Faith is Justification by Faith in this Sense Answ Now we and the Orthodox say that Paul speaks of our Justification before God or of the Person James of the Justification of our Faith good Works demonstrating our Faith to be of the right kind or do declare to Men and to our own Consciences that we are justified Persons Paul speaks of the Justification of a Sinner James of the Justification of a Believer as it is said the People justified God that is declared he was just so our Gospel-Works springing from Faith declare that our Faith is true and we sincere Believers Yet he would have his Reader believe he is no Heterodox Person in this Point Paul speaks of Justification and Absolution of a Sinner at God's Bar through the Imputation of Christ's Righteousness James speaks of the Manifestation or Declaration of that Justification to the Conscience Paul speaks of the cause of our Justification before God James of the signs of it before Men. Paul speaks of the Imputation of Righteousness James of the Declaration of Righteousness Paul speaks of the Office of Faith by God's Ordination as it apprehends Christ c. James of the quality of Faith or of its own excellent Virtue Paul speaks of the Justification of a Person James of the Justification of the Faith of that Person Paul speaks of Abraham how justified James of Abraham's good Works as already justified and as declaring him so to be Paul speaks of Justification in a proper Sense as God's gracious act through Christ's Righteousness whereby a Man is imputed or counted Just and Righteous in God's Sight James speaks of Justification whereby we are not made Just before God but declared to be justified being sincere Believers and free from Hypocrisy Paul had to do with Legal and Judaizing Christians such who either brought in a Law or a self-Righteousness instead of God's Grace in imputing Christ's Righteousness or else setting up an inherent Righteousness with it as these Men do now And James had to do with such who might be justly called Antinomians i.e. such that abused the Grace of God or Doctrine of free Grace to encourage themselves in Sin boasting of a false and presumptuous Faith a dead Faith Now James's work is to shew the effects and nature of true Faith therefore he speaks not of Justification in a proper Sense when he says Abraham was justified by Works but declaratively only Faith wrought not with Abraham's Works in the Justification of his Person at God's Bar but in declaring and evincing that his