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B04456 Vindiciæ Judæorum, or A letter in answer to certain questions propounded by a noble and learned gentleman, touching the reproaches cast on the nation of the Jevves; wherein all objections are candidly, and yet fully cleared. By Rabbi Menasseh Ben Israel a divine and a physician. Manasseh ben Israel, 1604-1657. 1656 (1656) Wing M381; Thomason E.880[1]; Interim Tract Supplement Guide 482.b.3[7] 31,719 45

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great probability of obtaining what I now request whilst they affirmed that at this time the minds of men stood very well affected towards us and that our entrance into this Island would be very acceptable and well-pleasing unto them And from this beginning sprang up in me a semblable affection and desire of obtaining this purpose For for seven yeares on this behalf I have endeavoured and sollicited it by letters and other means without any intervall For I conceived that our universall dispersion was a necessary circumstance to be fulfilled before all that shall be accomplished which the Lord hath promised to the people of the Iewes concerning their restauration and their returning again into their own land according to those words Dan. 12.7 When he shall have accomplished to scatter the power of the holy people all these things shall be finished As also that this our scattering by little and little should be amongst all people from the one end of the earth even unto the other as it is written Deut. 28.64 I conceived that by the end of the earth might be understood this Island And I knew not but that the Lord who often works by naturall meanes might have design'd and made choice of me for the brsnging about this work With these proposalls therefore I applyed my self in all zealous affection to the English Nation congratulating their glorious liberty which at this day they enjoy together with their prosperous peace And I entituled my book named The hope of Israel to the first Parliament and the Council of State And withall declared my intentions In order to which they sent me a very favourable passe-port Afterwards I directed my self to the second and they also sent me another But at that juncture of time my coming was not presently performed for that my kindred and friends considering the checquered and interwoven vicissitudes and turns of things here below embracing me with pressing importunity earnestly requested me not to part from them and would not give over till their love constrained me to promise that I would yet a while stay with them But notwithstanding all this I could not be at quiet in my mind I know not but that it might be through some particular divine providence till I had anew made my humble addresses to his Highnesse the Lord Protector whom God preserve And finding that my coming over would not be altogether unwelcome to him with those great hopes which I conceived I joyfully took my leave of my house my friends my kindred all my advantages there and the country wherein I have lived all my life time under the benign protection and favour of the Lords the States Generall and Magistrates of Amsterdam in fine I say I parted with them all and took my voyage for England Where after my arrivall being very courteously received and treated with much respect I presented to his most Serene Highnesse a petition and some desires which for the most part were written to me by my brethren the Iewes from severall parts of Europe as your worship may better understand by former relations Whereupon it pleased his Highnesse to convene an Assembly at White hall of Divines Lawyers and Merchants of different perswasions and opinions Whereby mens judgements and sentences were different Insomuch that as yet we have had no finall determination from his most Serene Highnesse Wherefore those few Iewes that were here despairing of our expected successe departed hence And others who desired to come hither have quitted their hopes and betaken themselves some to Italy some to Geneva where that Commonwealth hath at this time most freely granted them many and great priviledges Now O most high God to thee I make my prayer even to thee the God of our Fathers Thou who hast been pleased to stile thy self the keeper of Israel Thou who hast graciously promised by thy holy Prophet Ieremiah cap. 31. that thou wilt not cast off all the seed of Israel for all the evill that they have done thou who by so many stupendious miracles didst bring thy people out of Egypt the land of bondage and didst lead them into the holy land graciously cause thy holy influence to descend down into the mind of the Prince who for no private interest or respect at all but onely out of commiseration to our affliction hath inclined himself to protect and shelter us for which extraordinary humanity neither I my self nor my nation can ever expect to be able to render him answerable and sufficient thanks and also into the minds of his most illustrious and prudent Council that they may determine that which according to thine infinite wisdome may be best and most expedient for us For men O Lord see that which is present but thou in thy omnisciencie seest that which is afarre off And to the highly honoured nation of England I make my most humble request that they would read over my arguments impartially without prejudice and devoid of all passion effectually recommending me to their grace and favour and earnestly beseeching God that he would be pleased to hasten the time promised by Zephaniah wherein we shall all serve him with one consent after the same manner and shall be all of the same judgement that as his name is one so his fear may be also one and that we may all see the goodnesse of the Lord blessed forever and the consolations of Zion Amen and Amen From my study in London April the 10. in the year from the creation 5416. and in the year according to the vulgar account 1656. As to give satisfaction to your worship being desirous to know what books have been written and printed by me or else are almost ready for the presse may you please to take the names of them in this Catalogue A Catalogue of such books as have been published by Menasseh Ben Israel in Hebrew NIsmachaim four Books concerning the Immortality of the soul wherein many notable and pleasant Questions are discussed and handled as may be seen by the Arguments of the particular Chapters prefixed to the book in Latine dedidicated to the then Emperour Ferdinand the third Pene Rabba upon Rabot of the Ancient Rabbins in Latine and Spanish Conciliatoris pars prima in Pentateuchum De Resurrectione mortuorum libri tres Problemata de creatione De termino vitae De fragilitate humana ex-lapsu Adami deque divino in bon● opere auxilio Spes Israelis This is also in English Orationes panegyricae quarum una ad Illustrissimum principem Aurantium altera ad serenissimam reginam Sueciorum in Spanish onely Conciliator the second part upon the first Prophets the third part upon the later Prophets the fourth part upon the Hagiographa Humas or the Pentateuch with the severall precepts in the margin Thesoro de los dirim five books of the rites and ceremonies of the Iewes in two Volumes Humas the Pentateuch with a commentarie Piedra pretiosa of Nebuchadnezzar's image or the fifth Monarchy Laus or ationes del anno the Iewes prayers for the whole year translated out of the originall Books ready for the Presse De cultu Imaginum contra Pontificios Latine Sermois Sermons in the Portugal tongue Loci communes Omnium Midrasim which contains the divinity of the ancient Rabbins in Hebrew Bibliotheca Rabbinica together with the arguments of their books and my judgement upon their severall editions Phocylides in Spanish verse cum Notis Hippocratis Aphorismi in Hebrew Flavius Iosephus adversus Apionem in Hebrew ejusdem Monarchia rationis in Hebrew Refutatio libri cui titulus Praeadamitae Historia sive continuatio Flavii Josephi ad haec usque tempora De divinitate legis Mosaicae De scientia Talmudistarum in singulis facultatibus Philosophia Rabbinica De disciplinis Rabbinorum Nomenclator Hebraius Arabicus I have also published and printed with my own presse above 60 other books amongst which are many bibles in Hebrew and Spanish with all our Hebrew prayers corrected and disposed in good order FINIS
sacrifices and incense offered for them in Gods name 9. And let the reader be pleased further to observe that the Iewes were accustomed not onely to offer up sacrifices and prayers to God for the Emperours their friends confederates and allyes but also generally for the whole world It is the custome saith Agrippa to Caius according to Philo p. 1035. for the High-priest at the day of attonement to make a prayer unto God for all mankind beseeching him to adde unto them another year with blessing and peace The same Philo Iudaeus in his second book of Monarchy saith The priests of other nations pray unto God onely for the welfare of their own particular nations but our High-priest prayes for the happinesse and prosperity of the whole world And in his book of sacrifices p. 836. he saith Some sacrifices are offered up for our nation and some for all mankind For the daily sacrifices twice a day viz. at morning and evening are for the obtaining of those good things which God the chief good grants unto them at those two times of the day And in like manner Iosephus in his second book against Apion saith We sacrifice and pray unto the Lord in the first place for the whole world for their prosperity and peace and afterwards more particularly for our selves forasmuch as we conceive that prayer which is first extended universally and is afterwards put up more particularly is very much acceptable unto God Which words are also related by Eusebius Caesareensis in his Praeparatio Evangelica lib. 8. cap. 2. 10. 'T is true that no outward materiall glories are perpetuall and so the temple had its period and with the paschall lamb all other sacrifices ceased But in their stead we have at this day prayer and as Hoseah speaks Cap. 14.2 For bullocks we render the calves of our lips And three times every day this is our humble supplication and request to God Fill the whole world O Lord with thy blessings for all creatures are the works of thy hands as it is written the Lord is good to all and his tender mercies are ever all his works Psal 145.9 11. Yea further we pray for the conversion of the nations and so we say in these most excellent prayers upon Ros a sana and the day of attonement Our God and the God of our Fathers reign thou over the whole world in thy glory and be thou exalted over all the earth in thine excellency cause thy influence to descend upon all the inhabitants of the world in the glorious majesty of thy strength and let every creature know that thou hast created him and let every thing that is formed understand that thou hast formed it and let all that have breath in their nostrills say the Lord God of Israel reighneth and his kingdome is over all dominions And again Let all the inhabitants of the earth know and see that unto thee every knee shall bow and every tongue swear before thee O Lord our God let them bow and prostrate themselves let them give honour to the honour of thy name and let them aell take upon them the yoak of thy kingdome c. And again Put thy fear O Lord our God upon all thy works and thy dread upon all that thou hast created let all thy works fear thee and let all creatures bow down before thee and let them all make themselves one handfull that is with joynt consent to do thy will with a perfect heart c. A most worthy imitation of the wise King Solomon who after he had finished the building of the Temple in that long prayer King 1.8 was not unmindfull of the Gentiles but v. 41. he saith Moreover concerning a stranger that is not of thy people of Israel but cometh out of a farre country for thy names sake for they shall hear of thy great name and of thy strong hand and of thy stretched-out arm when he shall come and pray towards this house hear thou in heaven thy dwelling place and do according to all that the stranger calleth to thee for that all people of the earth may know thy name to fear thee as do the people of Israel and that they may know that thy name is called upon this house which I have builded Where it may be observed that when the Israelite comes to pray he saith 29. and give every man hccsrding to his wayes but upon the prayer of a stranger he saith and do according to all that the stranger calleth to thee for And this distinction is made to this end that by the evident and apparent return and answer of their prayers all Gentiles might effectually be brought in to the truth and knowledge and fear of God as well as the Israelites 12. Moreover since the holy prophets made prayers and supplications for all men as well for the nations as the Israelites how should not we do the same for the nations among whom we inhabit as ingaged by a more especiall obligation for that we live under their favour and protection In Deuteronomy 23.7 God commands Thou shalt not abhorre an Egyptian notwithstanding the heavy burthens they afflicted us with onely because thou wast a stranger in his land because that at the first they entertained and received us into their country As on the other side Ezek. 23.11 he saith As I live saith the Lord God I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked but that the wicked turn from his way and live We ought therefore to imitate his actions and not to hate any man upon the mere account of religion but onely to pray to the Lord for his conversion and this also without giving offence or any kind of molestation To detest or abhorre those to whom we owe that prosperity which we enjoy or who endeavour their own salvation is a thing very unworthy and ill becoming but to abhorre their vices and sins is not so It was a very excellent observation of a most wise and vertuous Lady Beruria who as it is recorded in the Talmud Berachot cap. 1. when her husband R. Meir was about to pray to God to destroy some of his perverse and froward neighbours that had no lesse grievously then maliciously vexed and molested him gave him this seasonable admonition that such a thing ought not to be done in Israel but that he should rather make his prayer that they might return and break off their sinnes by repentance ' alledging that text Psal 104.35 Let ssn be consumed out of the earth it is not said sinners but sinnes and then the wicked shall be no more 13. We have now in this Section shewn that it is a mere calumnie to imagine that we Iewes should pray to God so as to give an offence to the Christians or cause scandall by any thing in our prayers unlesse it be that we are not Christians we have declared to the contrary how we daily pray for them As also that during the temple we offered up