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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07605	The Mahumetane or Turkish historie containing three bookes: 1 Of the originall and beginning of the Turkes, and of the foure empires which are issued and proceded out of the superstitious sect of Mahumet. 2 Of their conquests and the succession of the house of Ottoman, vntill the present reigning of Mahumet the third. 3 Of the warres and seege of Malta, which Solyman the great made to the great maister and brothers of that order. Heerevnto haue I annexed a briefe discourse of the warres of Cypres, at what time Selimus the second, tooke from the Venetians the possession of that iland, and by reason thereof I haue adioyned a finall discourse conteining the causes of the greatnesse of the Turkish Empire. Translated from the French & Italian tongues, by R. Carr, of the middle Temple in London, Gentleman. Dedicated to the three worthy brothers Robert Carr, William Carr and Edward Carr, in the county of Lincolne, Esquires.	Carr, Ralph, of the Middle Temple.; Foglietta, Uberto, 1518-1581. De causis magnitudinis imperii Turcici. English.	1600 (1600)	STC 17997; ESTC S112763	141,432	259

Nephew Solyman into Cappadocia being than vnder the possession of the Greekes to whom he gaue all there that he could conquer Who in such sort guided his affaires that he brought vnder his obedience the whole Asia the lesse except the Sea coasts towards the South and the Isle of Cipres And this was that valiant Soliman that gaue charge vpō the famous Godefroy de Buillon and the army of the christians remaining in siege before the towne of Niece in Asia the lesse as before I haue shewed which Solyman the said Hayton doth name Solimansa About this time a Gentleman of Hispain named Rodrigo de Vuiar chased the Moors out of a great part of the realme of Valence in Aragon and from much of Castile who was named by the Moores through his excellencie Cyd that is to say Lord and Cyd Ruydas from whom the noble famous race of the Mendozzas are descended To Aspalam succeded Melechla his sonne who sent Arthot the Sultan of Mesopotamia to Antioche whervnto also by his commaundement came the said Solyman and tooke the same citie with all the country about and thus you see how the Greekes lost all Asia the lesse Belchiarot sonne of Melechla reigned after his father who liued whan as Godefroy and the christians passed into the holy land and besieged the citie of Antioche in Suria being then vnder the dominion of the said Belchiarot and by him committed to the defence of a Turk named Assan or Cassan whom in Antioche hee had ordeigned his Generall to whom after he sent in succour one named by Hayton Cerbagat and by the Frenchmen Corbadas who ariued there when the christians had already gotten Antioche where vpon hee beseeged them in the same citie a long time but in the end Corbadas was fought with by the christians ouerthrowen put to flight as in the Historie of that iourny plainely appeareth wherfore Corbadas now returning back into Persia found that Belchiarot was dead that his yongest brother pretending right to the crowne was slaine Now when the Turks of Persia could not accord and agree whom to make their King but fought long among themselues thervpon the fame of their dissention came to the eares of the Georgiens and Armenians their neighbours being christians who considering the great army of the other christians than remaining in Sury immediately inuaded the Turkes thus deuided among themselues and did beate chase them out of Persia so that such of the Turks as could escape some retired towards Solyman and some to Arthot and others of their nation being than in Asi● the lesse And this was in the yeere of our Lord God 1106. at such time as Baldouin brother to Godsrey reigned king in Hierusalem This Georgiens after that they had thus chased the Turks out of Persia pilled and spoiled the country forbearing from farther pursuit of their good fortune as they should against the Souldans of Damasco Halep Hames and others that remained in quietnesse But with the Armenians departing from the realme of Persia a certaine people among the Corasmins whom some Latin Historiographers doe call Grossiones neighbours to that prouince which diuers doe thinke to bee those whom the auncients doe name to be the Medes who vpon the East haue the Sea called Mare Caspium Hircanum or Abucuth and on the South Turquesten or Parthia and vpon the North Cumania or Alania and vpon the Occident or West Persia and Armenie the greater who had none other vocation trade or condition of life but liued like herdmen and keepers of cattell hauing among them neither house or towne howbeit very valiant in warres these entred then into Persia where of very poore catiues they beecame a rich people and made a King among them called lalaladin which signifieth the gift or grace of God With this their king they became so hardy and bold as to inuade the Turks beeing in Asia the lesse howbeit they were encountered by the Souldan of Turque named Aladin ouerthrowen in a sore foughten fielde in which conflict lalaladin their King lost his life the rest that escaped did assemble themselues in the plaine of Rohai● with purpose to haue entred into Sury But the Souldan of Aleph did enbarre them of that passage chased them euen vnto the deserts of Arabia who from thence trauasing the territory of Caldee or Assyrie they passed the riuer of Euphrates nigh to a castell there named Cacabe and entred into Iudea otherwise called the Hierusalem wher they cōmitted much outrage and damage Howbeit in the end this multitude of disordered people could not long abide togethers considering euery of them would bee a ruler so as their Captaine that should haue commanded could not be obeied and so they departed by troopes and companyes whereof some retyred towards the Sultan of Damasco others towards him of Halep some to him of Hames but the most of them repaired to the Soldan of Egipt to whom likewise repayred their Captaine Bartat seeing himselfe so abandoned and forsaken of his owne soldiors And thus decayed the force of this nation of the Corasmins whom the writers of the passage and iourney of Godfrey doe call Hoarmins who maynteined their reputation but a litle time IN this manner the Turkes remayned in Surie chiefely the Corasmins Now for the Sarazins they deuided themselues into litle realmes vnto the yeere of our Lord God 1240. or thereabouts that the Tartares ouerthrew them as heereafter shall be declared whilst in the meane time the Turkes daylie continued wars against the kings of Hyerusalem as followeth IN the yeere of our Lord God 1103. the Turkes tooke prisoner Boemund the Prince of Antioche sonne of Robert Guiscard surnamed Courbespine discended from Tancred the Norman of whom beefore I made mencion Who three yeeres after was redeemed by his nephew Tangrey IN the yeere 1105. the Turkes made head against Baldwyn the first of that name King of Hyerusalem brother of Godefray as he besieged the towne of Acre and were ouerthrowen after which that towne otherwyse called Accon and Ptolemais was taken by Baldowyn together with the towne of Licquee which the auncients called Laodicea And foure yeeres after that hee tooke the towne of Baruth sometime called Berythus and so likewise the towne of Sydon In the yeere of our Lord 1115 the Turks vanquished and put to flight king Baldwin the second of that name at Montreal In the yeere 1120. King Baldwin tooke Gazis whom some doe call Gary from the Souldan of Damaz In the yeere of our Lord 1122. King Baldwin was taken prisoner by Balach named by some Alaph Souldan of Hames aunciently called Camela or Gamela and Gaucamela which word Balach signifieth a destroier So as he remained there prisoner by the space of one yeere The yeere of our Lord God 1128 King Baldwin discomfited Doloquin of some named Baldoquin and of others called Baldecan Souldan of Damaz who succeeded to the Souldan Gazes The yeere 1132 Foulques Daniou

conduct the King of Armenia into Armenia but there to abide at the kings appointment to garde and defend the dominions of Armenia vnto such time as hee the same Cassan could conueniently raise an other army to returne againe in person against the Souldain of Egipt but alas to the great infortunity of christendome this valiant Cassan dyed soone after Some doe suppose that of him Sury toke the name of Azamie for that the Turks call Azam or Assam Assamie Howbeeit it may bee that this worde Azamie is deriued from the auncient name of Aram son of Sem who were sons of Noe of whom the same country once was named by the Hebrux Aram that is to say high or excellent which they would pronoūce Aramie After this Cassan or Assan succeeded Carbagan whom some doe call Cerbagat the Frenchmen name Corbadan son of the sayd Cassan who also was christened at his baptisme was named Nicolas so remayned a good christiā man during his mothers life but after his mothers decease he wickedly fell into the abhominable sect of Mahumet which all his successors after him did neuer forsake and at this daye doe maintaine the same Of the said Cassan or Assan are discended the kings of Persia who in honour of this Cassan haue taken vpon them the Surname of Cassan vnto Vssun Cassan of whom otherwhere we haue made mencion But now we name the princes of Persia Sophies for that Seichayder Sophi maried the daughter of Vsun cassan begat vpon hir Ismael Sophi who reigned a little before our time was father to Taamar Sophi who at this day reigneth in Persia The Turks doe call Persia Pharsie and the Persians Quezelbach that is to say red heads as before of them I haue spoken which Persians and Turks are perpetuall mortall enemies one against the other very different in opinion touching their supersticious law and beliefe A little beefore I haue made mention of the beeginning of the Empire of the Caliphes of Baudraz vnto their end Likewise of the Miramamolins vnto their deuisions and in such sort of the Persians so much as I could get knowledge of them Of the Othmans I haue amply inough spoken before so as I neede not further so entreat of them least I should passe and exceede the measure of a Summarie or an abridgment I haue written also of the beginning of the Empire in Egipt therfore now it behoueth me to shew how the same fell into the puissaunce and dominacion of the Mamaluchs In the yeere 1160. that Almery king of Hierusalem besieged the great city of Caire as before I haue spoken the Souldain named Quare who as then was also called the Caliphe perceiuing that he was not able to resist the christians hee required succours at the Souldan of Halep who sent him a Captaine named Saracon or Syracon and by some called Syrasson who by his nation was a Corasmin this Syracon hauing in such sort giuen aide to the Caliph that his countries were defended from the enemie and therewith perceyuing how vnmeet the Caliph was to rule through his cowardnesse to much feare in him resident considering also how few friends he had to leane to him in time of necessitie he tooke the Caliph put him in prison wher he died and Saracon made himselfe Souldain of Egipt Thus the Empire of the Sarazins or Arabians was transferred into the handes of the Corasmins or After Melechnazer was Souldain Melechseraph which word signifieth the ardent or bright Prince who did win vpon the christians the towne of Acre in Sury in the yeere of our Lord God 1293. and chased the christians out of all Sury which he ioyned to the kingdome of Egipt he was the first that caused to be coined in Egipt the Ducats of Golde which are there called Seraphes This Soldain is named by Sabellicus and others Melecastraphus Thus proceeded the said Mammeluchs to dominate and rule in Egipt and did choose their Souldains either vpon christians that became renies or that were christians children bought as abouesaid and educated in that forme of religion trained so to the warres as aboue is declared albeit therwere none of these Māmeluchs that durst goe alone through the city wher they were but by expresse commandement of their Emyrs who were their superiors they should goe two at the least togethers and to bee briefe these Mammeluchs had the authoritie and dominacion ouer all the people of Egipt Surie from the time they chased the christians out of Surie vntill that Selim the great Turke as afore is mencioned vtterly ouethrew them their name for euer Thus the first of the law of Mahumet that reigned in Asia were the Arabians whom the Hebreus and Suriens doe call Saba and the Greeks Sab●i they themselues doe name Sarazins after the● ther did the Turquimans or Turkes rule who chased from thence the Sarazins these Turks were Parthians as Hayton doth fronter and limit them The Turks likewise were driuen from thence by the Tartaries beeing Scithians orientall who haue taken vpon them also the name of the Turks though they be none in deed and at this present reigning vnder the name of the Turks who of very truth are but Tartaires and Scithians by their discent which their maner of fight and weapon therewith that they vse as their bowes made of horne which our elders doe appoint and attribute to the Scithians sufficiently doe witnesse Againe the language Tartaresque and the Turks speech are not much different for Michael de Michou saith that the Tartairs who destroied Russia and the regions thereabouts named in their language Tartaresque the tops of steeples of Churches there Altum Bachne considering those toppes of steeples were gilded so in the Turks language this word Altum Bachne signifieth a head of gold or gilded Wherefore according to the opinion of Authors one may iudge that they are Scithians and Tartares to whom the name of the Turks are giuen at this day whose elders in that they possessed the countrey of Turquestan of that region they haue left the name of Turks to the Turks that presently reigne beeing their posteritie which to others perhaps is vnknowne being ignorant both of the difference of these two nations so far of and barbarous and of the chaunges fortuned in their kingdomes Heere endeth the first booke To the VVorshipfull his very good Cosen William Carr of Stafford in the county of Lincolne Esquire and one in hir Maiesties Commission of peace there SYR to you who are the second possessor of my heere expressed rich will though weake power I commend this second booke of my French and Italian traductions concerning the succession of the great house of Ottoman and those their fortunate armes whether in offence or defence taken The rather for that your selfe beeing resident in court where this argument by reason of the present Hungarian wars and the often assemblies of the Germaine Princes to prouide some remedy

which as it brought the Citie of Venice to such extremety that it seemed readie to render it selfe to the mercy of the Geneuois so in the ende it was cause by the alteration of fortune that the Geneuois beeing in sundry fights and conflicts on the seas a●ter ouerthrowen by the Venetians came to miserable ruine and seruitude for thereby they were enforced to yeelde themselues to the Archbishop of Milane whom they made gouernour of their Citie of Geanes and to sell all their lands and Seigneuries to the communaltie and brotherhood of Saint George which is within their Citie and lastly to submit themselues to the french Kinges protection vnder whose subiection they remained a while vntill hee gaue them to Iohn Duke of Calabre sonne to Reignard King of the realme of Naples vntill they reuoulted to Philippe Duke of Milane whom in the end they forsooke to in such sort as through their inconstancie they did not know well to what good Saint to vow themselues howbeit the greatest mischiefe was that this forenamed warres gaue an vndoubted occasion to the vtter losse of Surie the realme of Hierusalem what was worse then that the same opened to the Turks the gate and entry to Greece and other parts of Europe as heereafter I shall declare all which was about the time that Lewes de Bauiere Frederic of Austrich contended about the obtaining of the Empire of Alemaign The said Orcan reigned two twenty yeres vnto the beginning of the reigne of Iohn the french king which was in the yeere of our Lord God 1350. leauing behinde him his sonne Amurath Amurath whom the Hungarians and the Scla●●nes doe call Ammarat and the Turkes Moratbeg which is as much to say as the Lord Morat but Frossart supposing to pronounce this name as they doe calleth him Lamorabaquin entred to his dominions when as Catacusan pursued the Emperour his sonne in law through the aide of Mar● Carlouich the Despot of Bulgaria this word Despot is so much to say in our English tongue as Prince or Lord and the Prouince of Bulgaria is that Country which anciently was named Gaetae and Gepidae This Amurath was secretly fauored among certaine of the Nobility of Grecia whom the Emperor Caloiaun hated who finding that hee was to weake to encounter with the Nobilitie that reuoulted hee was constrained to demaund and require aide of Amurath who forthwith sent him twelue thousand horsemen through whose help when the Emperour had pacified his affaires hee gaue the Turks leaue to returne home But they hauing seene tasted the sweetnesse beautie of the region of Grecia after their returne perswaded as it was easie to doe Amurath to goe in person to inuade Grecia Which he so did who accompanied with threescore thousand men by the help of two great ships of the Geneuois among whom he bestowed a threescore thousand ducats Amurath passed the famous straits called by the ancients Hellespontus and now the straits of Calipoli or the Castells by reason of two castells whereof the one is situated in Asia and the other in Europ wherin ancient time were also the townes of Sestus and Abydos The french doe call these straits Le Bras de Sainct George Saint Georgesarme where the said Amurath wan the towne of Calipoli beeing on this side those straits in Grecia than tooke Adrianople and Philippopoli aunciently called Olympias and so ouerran the Prouince of Romany in times past called Thracia vnto the Mountaine Rhodope which the Greekes doe name 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Queene and Lady of those Mountaines which some a so do call the mountaine of Siluer by reason of the mines of siluer that are found in the same and after ouercame in ●attaile the aforenamed Marc Carlouich taking prisoner the Conte Lazaro of Seruia which is Misia Inferior whom Frossart calleth Le Conte ●e Lazaran whose head hee smote off which was when Charles the fourth was letted from resisting the sonnes of the Emperour Lewes of Bauer to de●end himselfe against Frederic Marquiz of Misne the Countie of Wittenberg his competiteurs leauing the Empire after him to his sonne Lancelot who sold the Cities and Segneuries of Italy as Milane to the family of the viconts and others In the ende Amurath was slaine by a seruant of the said Conte Lazaro as reuenging the death of his saide Maister the yeere of our Lord God 1373 after that hee had reigned 23 yeeres about the beeginning of the reigne of Charles the fifth the french king and left two sonnes Pasait and Seleyman Pazait or Basait as the Turks doe name him who neuer pronounce this letter P. and called by Frossart le Roy Basant sonne of Lamorabaquin and sometime ●morabaquin according to his fathers name Enguerran Master Nicol●● G●les that collected the Annales of Fraunce call him the king Basaa●g This Pazait was hardy diligent and very couragious he s●●w●ia● battaile Marc Carlouich where with him the whole Nobilitie of Seruia and Bulgaria ended their liues and after did ouerrun the territories of Thessalia and Macedonia now called Thumnestie and Albanie He wasted whole Grecia vnto Athens which at this day is called Cethine and spoiled the territories o● Bosna which is called Misia Superior Crocia and Sclauonie that are named aunciently Dal●●tia and Liburnia and this at that time when the Emperour Lancelot sonne of Charles the fourth liued so vertuouslie that his subiects sundry times did enprison him but in the end was deposed by the Alemans who elected at one time two Emperours the one called Ioce Nephew to Lancelot and the other Robert of Bauiere otherwise called Ruebrecht which is interpreted in their Alleman language Trouble Peace But to returne to Bazait who then inuaded Hungary there ouerthrew king Sigismond that afterward was Emperour of Alleman called by the Historiographer Engerrant de Mountralet Sagimont in the renowned battaile of Nicopoli the cause of the losse wherof was for that the french men ther seruing would not bee aduised by the king Sigismond nor frame themselues according to the pollicie of these wars as the Allemans also counsailed them the which Frossart imputeth likewise to the orgulitie and pride of the french where was taken prisoner the Conte of Neuers Iohn who afterward vvas Duke of Burgoign sonne of Philippe the first duke Philip Darthois Conte de Eue constable of Fraunce Iohn le Maingre called Boucicault and sundrie others beeing men of estimation to the number of seauen or eight vvho all vvere sent to Bursie the rest of that nacion vvere slayne to the number of a thousand horsemen This battaile was foughten on Michaelmas euen Anno Domini 1396 and these prisoners vvere after redeemed for no little ran some in expedicion vvherof great dilligence vvas vsed by one Iames Hely a gentleman of Picardie vvho also vvas taken prisoner among them and beefore had serued in the Court of Amorabaquin After this battaile Bazait beesieged the Citie of Constantinople and had wonne it

of his age who the yeere next ensuing by the coūsail of Peribacha beseged Belgrado did win it from king Lewes of Hungary the son of Lancelot who at that time was very young hauing the Princes Lords of his Countrie at discord among them selues about the Regimēt of their King and of his Realme Whereby it came to passe that no maner of Order was foreseen either for the defence or succoring of that famous Place The next yeere after hee beesieged the Rhodes espying alwayes after the custome of his elders the discords diuisions among Christian Princes the which enterprice was cleerely against the minde and counsail of Peribacha who accompted that Iourney very doubtfull and of no litle aduenture Howbeit the same succeded too well with him as he desired In the yeere of our Lord God 1527. whan Italy was in wars troubles Solyman entred into Hungary in fauour as he said of Iohn de Ziphs the Vayuod of Sibenbourg who pretended that the kingdome of Hungarie dyd to him onely of right appertaine wher it came to passe that the young King Lewes comming in person to the fight was slaine after which the said Iohn attaining the kingdome dyed leauing a yong son an Infant behinde him vnder protection of Solyman with his Kingdome likewise The same Selyman in the yeare 1535. going in expedicion against Thomas king of the Persians toke from him the whole country of Mesopotamia vvith the citie of Babilon and in 1538 continuing at Aulona hee gaue an attempt to the vvinning of the Isle of Corcyra 1540 hee both besieged and tooke the strong fortres called Castell Nouo in Dalmatia In the yeere 1541 Iohn de Ziphs king of Hungaria being dead as aforesaid his widdow calling Solyman to hir aide who as then vvas besieged in the citie of Buda by Ferdinand king of the Romains The said Solyman not onely came to releeue hir but beating back the army of Ferdinand tooke the said citie placed therin a Bassa and sent the vviddovv vvith hir infant son into Transiluania The yeere following the same Solyman defended the city of Pestum in Hungaria against the vnited and assembled forces of the whole Germain Empire and after toke from them the two strong holdes of Strigonium and Alba Regalis and in fine concluded peace with Ferdinand king of the Romains and Hungaria vpon condicion of a yeerelie pension which they doe call a tribute to bee paied him In the yeere 1549 and 1550 hee vndertoke another expedicion against the Persians and established a Beglerbeg at Vanum in the confines of Media and Armenia after which he possessed himselfe of Tripolis in Africa Temeswar in Hungaria the which with the adioyning countries he committed to the defence of a new Bassa In the yeere 1553 he commanded his eldest son Mustapha to bee put to death at Halep gaue order though in vaine that Zegethum in Hungaria should be besieged afterward enforced his son Baiaseth desirous to succeed his father hauing first ouercome him in battell to fly to the king of the Persians where being apprehended he the said Baiaseth with his foure sons Solyman his nephews were cruelly slaine 1560 the Turks gaue a great ouerthrow to the Christians at the Iland of Garbe while the saide Christians were desirous to recouer the towne of Tripolis formerly taken as is said by the Turks After which the said Solyman attempted but with small succes the Iland of Malta yet toke that of Chios belonging to the state of Genua Lastly being againe recald into Hungaria by Iohn of Transiluania he died before Zegethum in the yeere 1566. and of his age seauentie sixe To whom succeeded his son Selimus the second this Selimus made peace with Maximilian the Emperour euery eight yeeres to be renewed toke from the possession of the Venetians the Isle of Ciprus in the yeere 1571 receiued that memorable ouerthrow in that worthy sea fought battell at Lepanto Hee likewise by Sinamus Bassa his generall toke in the kingdome of Tunis in Africk forty yeeres after that Charles the fift the Emperor had held it in his command caused that famous fort of the Gulet to be ouerthrowen leueled with the ground This Sinamus Bassa is he who at this day is the great cōmander of all ● Turkish forces in Hungaria And so the said Selimus in the end of the yeer 1574 died Who left behind him a son called Amurath the third the which Amurath for the space of 14 continued yeers held wars both long some variable with the Persian king called Mahemet Hodobende as much to say as the seruant of God which wars scarce determined he began to make head against the Christians the Emperour Rodolphe by whose soldiors the Bassa Bosnensis 1593 and others at Sisciam in Hungaria had ben slaine This Amurath after many miseries inflicted vpon the poore remaynder of Hungaria the confines of Austria in the end of March the yeere 1595 concluded his daies To him succeeded Mahumet the third his son who now reigneth a yong man then of the age of thirty two yeeres little more or lesse of a great spirit able body infaligable minde who before the performance of his fathers funerall rites caused xviii of his brothers fathers sons by seuerall concubines to bee strangled all which with their said father he toke order should honorably in the same monument be enterred seauen twenty of his sisters he inclosed in the Seraglio a place in manner of a monestary deputed for the retyring of the great Senior his children the safe keeping of his concubines This Mahumet is thought to prosecut the wars against the Christians which his father left vnfinished with more feruent desire greater forces then any other before him In this sort as you see haue I for your content entred and finished this matter which required more largely to haue ben touched to haue busied one of better knowledge which things though but slightly run ouer may suffice to make aparant that since but meane princes in regard of the vnited Christian forces haue thus encombred the course of their conquests it is not Impossible the like againe may be done greater when God shall encourage vs thervnto The end of the second booke To the VVorshipfull his very good cosen Edward Carr of Sleford in the countie of Lincolne Esquier and one in hir Maiesties Commission of peace there SIR one and the same loue and duetie deriued from an infinit desire to serue and honour you formerly protested to your worthy brothers and now continued towards you hath drawen on this third booke in such sort as you see not without some speciall reason for heerein beeing in most liuely and faire lines laide forth the perfect modells of true valour and resolution with many other parts of action and exact military discipline admired presidents both for rule and example I could not in my owne conceit better dispose of then in commending vnto you beeing