by_o double_a descent_n and_o of_o christian_a parent_n to_o wear_v a_o green_a cross_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o cross_n pattee_n fimbriate_v as_o sir_n william_n segar_n describe_v but_o aubertus_n maereus_n otherwise_o as_o be_v exemplify_v hereafter_o of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o bear_n call_v also_o of_o st._n gall._n in_o the_o year_n 1213._o the_o emperor_n frederick_n 273._o the_o second_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n gall_n give_v great_a privilege_n in_o acknowledgement_n of_o their_o assistance_n in_o pull_v down_o the_o emperor_n 〈◊〉_d and_o establish_v he_o whereupon_o also_o he_o establish_v a_o order_n of_o knighthood_n call_v of_o the_o bear_n which_o knight_n be_v yearly_a to_o meet_v at_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n gall_n on_o the_o 16._o of_o october_n where_o all_o new_a knight_n be_v to_o receive_v the_o order_n from_o the_o abbot_n 79_o this_o order_n he_o call_v of_o the_o bear_n in_o honour_n of_o st._n ursus_n that_o be_v martyr_v at_o soleure_n unto_o this_o order_n he_o give_v a_o collar_n and_o 〈◊〉_d of_o gold_n at_o which_o hang_v a_o figure_n of_o a_o bear_n enamel_v sable_a of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o elephant_n in_o denmark_n be_v a_o military_a order_n call_v of_o the_o elephant_n and_o also_o of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n who_o have_v for_o their_o collar_n a_o chain_n of_o gold_n interweave_v with_o elephant_n and_o spur_n and_o at_o it_o hang_v a_o meddal_n of_o the_o virgin_n 150._o mary_n encompass_v about_o with_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o the_o nether_a part_n whereof_o hang_v another_o circle_n enclose_v three_o nail_n which_o 〈◊〉_d term_v symbola_fw-la omne_fw-la christianae_n 〈◊〉_d who_o be_v the_o founder_n be_v leave_v 〈◊〉_d the_o elephant_n be_v figure_v with_o castle_n on_o these_o back_n which_o some_o do_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d or_o designment_n of_o christernus_fw-la 4._o of_o the_o order_n of_o mantua_n in_o mantua_n some_o friar_n do_v report_n to_o be_v some_o of_o the_o blood_n of_o our_o saviour_n keep_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o sponge_n in_o which_o he_o receive_v the_o vinegar_n and_o gall._n which_o relic_n they_o say_v do_v daily_o work_v extraordinary_a miracle_n 392._o in_o honour_n of_o which_o blood_n vincentio_n de_fw-fr gonzaga_n four_o duke_n of_o mantua_n do_v institute_v a_o order_n of_o knighthood_n call_v they_o knight_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n make_v himself_o the_o great_a master_n of_o the_o order_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o pope_n paul_n the_o five_o the_o original_n of_o it_o be_v about_o the_o year_n 1608._o when_o he_o create_v fifteen_o knight_n give_v they_o collar_n compose_v of_o oval_n of_o gold_n some_o the_o length_n one_o way_n other_o another_o in_o one_o of_o which_o be_v these_o word_n domine_fw-la probâsti_fw-la and_o in_o the_o other_o flame_n of_o fire_n flash_v about_o a_o crucible_n or_o melting-pot_n full_a of_o stick_n of_o gold_n and_o at_o the_o same_o hang_v before_o another_o large_a oval_n wherein_o be_v design_v two_o angel_n stand_v upright_o hold_v a_o chalice_n and_o pix_n crown_v on_o the_o table_n of_o it_o be_v see_v enamel_v 〈◊〉_d drop_n of_o blood_n and_o about_o this_o oval_a be_v this_o inscription_n nihil_fw-la i_o sto_z triste_fw-fr recepto_fw-la knight_n of_o st._n stephano_n this_o order_n be_v erect_v in_o the_o year_n 1561._o by_o cosmo_n duke_n of_o florence_n ordain_v among_o they_o such_o article_n almost_o as_o those_o of_o the_o order_n of_o malta_n their_o residence_n be_v pisa_n where_o the_o say_a duke_n erect_v a_o church_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o order_n and_o be_v himself_o the_o great_a master_n other_o order_n of_o knighthood_n there_o be_v and_o have_v be_v in_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o other_o part_n as_o of_o st_n thomas_n apostle_n st._n katherine_n of_o mount_n sinai_n of_o the_o white_a eagle_n in_o polonia_n of_o the_o swan_n in_o cleveland_n the_o brethren_n sword-bearer_n in_o livonia_n of_o st._n blaze_v in_o armenia_n of_o st._n john_n of_o acre_n and_o of_o st._n gerian_n which_o be_v institute_v by_o frederick_n 〈◊〉_d to_o which_o order_v none_o be_v admit_v but_o german_a gentleman_n but_o these_o be_v all_o or_o most_o of_o they_o out_o of_o date_n and_o not_o so_o considerable_a as_o to_o trouble_v a_o ingenious_a brain_n with_o in_o this_o place_n favin_n and_o other_o have_v discourse_v enough_o of_o they_o to_o which_o if_o the_o reader_n be_v desirous_a of_o further_a knowledge_n i_o refer_v he_o there_o be_v also_o another_o order_n call_v of_o the_o white_a dragon_n in_o germany_n erect_v by_o the_o emperor_n sigismond_n upon_o a_o resolution_n of_o extirpate_v heresy_n and_o schism_n throughout_o all_o his_o dominion_n who_o have_v for_o their_o ensign_n a_o white_a dragon_n and_o in_o swethen_n another_o which_o be_v call_v of_o the_o seraphin_n who_o have_v at_o their_o institution_n appoint_v they_o collar_n of_o seraphin_n head_n intermix_v with_o cross_n and_o now_o if_o i_o have_v not_o be_v too_o tedious_a in_o this_o discourse_n of_o knighthood_n i_o have_v i_o hope_v say_v enough_o and_o conclude_v with_o the_o description_n of_o the_o several_a form_n of_o their_o cross_n before_o mention_v the_o first_o be_v of_o st._n esprit_fw-fr the_o second_o of_o st._n michael_n the_o three_o of_o calatrava_n the_o four_o of_o st._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n the_o five_o of_o st._n lazarus_n the_o six_o of_o the_o teutonic_n the_o seven_o of_o st._n andrew_n the_o eighth_z of_o the_o sepulchre_n the_o nine_o of_o christus_fw-la d'_fw-fr avis_n and_o so_o i_o take_v leave_n of_o knighthood_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n only_o cursory_o run_v through_o the_o antiquity_n of_o herald_n and_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n and_o chancery_n with_o their_o foundation_n for_o which_o last_n though_o not_o very_o pertinent_a to_o my_o business_n yet_o i_o may_v expect_v a_o excuse_n since_o it_o have_v nor_o yet_o be_v any_o way_n do_v the_o end_n of_o knighthood_n of_o heralds_z the_o word_n herald_n say_v verstegan_n 321._o be_v derive_v from_o the_o saxon_a 〈◊〉_d and_o by_o abbreviation_n 〈◊〉_d and_o herald_n which_o in_o that_o language_n signify_v the_o champion_n of_o a_o army_n and_o grow_v to_o be_v a_o name_n of_o office_n it_o be_v give_v to_o he_o that_o in_o the_o army_n have_v the_o 〈◊〉_d charge_v of_o challenge_v to_o battle_n or_o combat_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n call_v he_o nuncius_fw-la sacer_fw-la and_o speak_v of_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n 336._o say_v quidam_fw-la enim_fw-la herald_n 〈◊〉_d some_o do_v write_v herald_n that_o be_v dominus_fw-la celsus_fw-la a_o eminent_a lord_n some_o herold_n which_o be_v a_o old_a lord_n and_o some_o heral_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la say_v he_o ministrum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d a_o officer_n of_o a_o army_n which_o last_o he_o suppose_v the_o most_o proper_a these_o be_v officer_n of_o great_a antiquity_n say_v dune_n mensis_fw-la who_o write_v that_o they_o be_v as_o ancien_fw-fr as_o king_n and_o be_v term_v of_o the_o roman_n 〈◊〉_d &_o caduceatores_fw-la and_o doubtless_o thou_o ection_n of_o our_o herald_n be_v in_o imitation_n of_o they_o though_o their_o authority_n be_v not_o so_o great_a with_o we_o as_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v who_o office_n be_v establish_v by_o numa_n pompilius_n and_o a_o 5._o college_n or_o hostell_n erect_v of_o twenty_o wise_a and_o reverend_a man_n per_fw-la quos_fw-la fiebat_fw-la ut_fw-la justum_fw-la indiceretur_fw-la bellum_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la foedere_fw-la fides_fw-la pacis_fw-la constitueretur_fw-la order_v that_o it_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v unlawful_a to_o take_v arm_n against_o a_o enemy_n without_o their_o consent_n and_o appointment_n which_o fecialians_n when_o the_o popular_a estate_n be_v change_v into_o a_o monarchy_n again_o wear_v the_o coat_n of_o arm_n of_o purple_a and_o scarlet_a fringe_v with_o gold_n and_o a_o eagle_n of_o the_o same_o embroider_a thereon_o and_o the_o emperor_n name_n then_o reign_v and_o they_o have_v one_o principal_a which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o people_n pater_fw-la patratus_fw-la who_o they_o ever_o reverence_v as_o sacred_a and_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n or_o law_n among_o they_o that_o fecialium_fw-la sacra_fw-la violare_fw-la nefas_fw-la erat_fw-la since_o when_o as_o the_o office_n now_o be_v they_o have_v be_v esteem_v as_o ambassador_n and_o sometime_o have_v be_v make_v so_o however_o be_v the_o messenger_n of_o prince_n and_o great_a monarch_n and_o what_o 4._o ever_o their_o message_n have_v be_v privilege_v in_o the_o same_o degree_n with_o ambassador_n and_o not_o only_o in_o our_o part_n but_o all_o over_o the_o world_n have_v be_v in_o be_v though_o not_o as_o now_o in_o regular_a office_n ever_o since_o there_o have_v be_v king_n in_o every_o city_n of_o greece_n as_o say_v ulpian_n the_o interpreter_n of_o demosthenes_n they_o be_v call_v ceryces_n and_o have_v in_o
before_o all_o other_o banneret_n as_o the_o young_a son_n of_o viscount_n and_o baron_n as_o also_o before_o all_o baronet_n but_o not_o otherwise_o and_o this_o order_n be_v of_o so_o great_a estimation_n 〈◊〉_d that_o divers_a knight_n bachelor_n and_o esquire_n serve_v under_o they_o which_o title_n it_o seem_v in_o many_o ancient_a writ_n have_v be_v mis-writ_a barronet_n as_o in_o a_o patent_n to_o sir_n ralph_n fane_n a_o knight_n banneret_n under_o edward_n the_o six_o he_o be_v call_v barronettus_n for_o bannerettus_n which_o title_n of_o baronet_n be_v not_o among_o we_o till_o king_n james_n of_o baronet_n the_o title_n of_o baronet_n be_v erect_v by_o king_n james_n in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o make_v diverse_a on_o the_o 22_o day_n of_o may_n who_o patent_n be_v all_o of_o one_o form_n without_o any_o difference_n at_o all_o the_o 〈◊〉_d or_o argument_n be_v for_o the_o propagate_a a_o plantation_n in_o ulster_n 48._o in_o ireland_n to_o which_o the_o aid_n of_o these_o knight_n be_v ordain_v the_o word_n run_v thus_o 〈◊〉_d ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la &_o mero_fw-la 〈◊〉_d nostris_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la ereximus_fw-la constituimus_fw-la &_o creavimus_fw-la quendam_fw-la statum_fw-la gradum_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la nomen_fw-la &_o titulum_fw-la baronetti_n anglice_fw-la of_o a_o baronet_n infra_fw-la hoc_fw-la regnum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la angliae_fw-la perpetuis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la duraturum_fw-la their_o aid_n be_v the_o maintenance_n of_o thirty_o soldier_n in_o that_o province_n for_o three_o year_n their_o title_n be_v to_o descend_v to_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o their_o body_n and_o to_o take_v place_n before_o all_o knight_n bachelor_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n and_o knight_n banneret_n the_o other_o degree_n before_o specify_v be_v afterward_o make_v and_o that_o the_o name_n of_o baronet_n in_o all_o writ_n commission_n and_o style_n shall_v be_v add_v to_o his_o surname_n and_o that_o the_o addition_n of_o sir_n shall_v precede_v in_o all_o mentioning_n of_o his_o name_n as_o the_o title_n of_o lady_n and_o madam_n to_o the_o wife_n of_o they_o and_o their_o successor_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v take_v place_n according_a to_o the_o priority_n of_o the_o date_n of_o their_o patent_n inter_fw-la se_fw-la and_o so_o to_o their_o successor_n in_o which_o patent_n also_o the_o king_n do_v engage_v for_o himself_o and_o successor_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v but_o two_o hundred_o of_o they_o make_v and_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v never_o any_o degree_n of_o honour_n establish_v that_o shall_v take_v place_n between_o the_o baronet_n and_o baron_n and_o if_o for_o want_v of_o heir_n male_a the_o title_n in_o any_o shall_v fall_v there_o shall_v never_o be_v any_o create_v in_o their_o room_n but_o that_o the_o title_n shall_v diminish_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o they_o remain_v and_o be_v by_o that_o mean_v reduce_v to_o a_o 〈◊〉_d number_n and_o afterward_o a_o commission_n be_v ordain_v 827._o under_o the_o great_a seal_n for_o fill_v up_o the_o number_n who_o have_v instruction_n also_o enact_v among_o which_o they_o that_o desire_v to_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o dignity_n of_o baronet_n must_v maintain_v the_o number_n of_o thirty_o foot-soldier_n in_o ireland_n for_o three_o year_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o eightpence_n sterling_a a_o day_n and_o a_o year_n pay_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o at_o the_o pass_n of_o the_o patent_n to_o the_o exchequer_n and_o again_o that_o they_o must_v be_v of_o good_a reputation_n and_o descend_v of_o a_o grandfather_n at_o least_o by_o the_o father_n side_n that_o bare_a arm_n and_o have_v also_o a_o certain_a yearly_a revenue_n of_o one_o thousand_o pound_n de_fw-fr claro_fw-la they_o be_v to_o take_v bond_n also_o for_o the_o true_a payment_n of_o that_o maintenance_n and_o to_o appoint_v one_o particular_a treasurer_n for_o it_o that_o it_o may_v not_o come_v into_o the_o king_n exchequer_n after_o this_o many_o be_v make_v it_o be_v also_o ordain_v 18._o by_o the_o king_n that_o they_o and_o their_o descendants_n be_v of_o full_a age_n shall_v be_v knight_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v in_o a_o canton_n or_o inescutcheon_n as_o they_o please_v bear_v the_o arm_n of_o ulster_n which_o be_v argent_fw-fr a_o sinister_a hand_n and_o gules_a there_o be_v many_o other_o order_n of_o knighthood_n almost_o in_o every_o nation_n some_o appropriate_v to_o the_o country_n and_o some_o of_o more_o excellency_n as_o be_v that_o of_o the_o garter_n whereof_o in_o another_o place_n i_o shall_v speak_v with_o the_o rest_n but_o these_o title_n have_v a_o estimate_v honour_n due_a to_o they_o great_a or_o less_o according_a to_o 53._o the_o quality_n of_o the_o creator_n for_o the_o knight_n make_v by_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o a_o knight_n make_v by_o a_o prince_n of_o mean_a title_n so_o all_o emperor_n king_n and_o prince_n acknowledge_v no_o lawful_a superior_a may_v make_v knight_n as_o also_o some_o commonwealth_n as_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n and_o genoa_n the_o pope_n also_o sometime_o do_v make_v knight_n call_v they_o after_o their_o own_o name_n as_o chevaleri_n de_fw-fr san_n pedro_n san_n paulo_n 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n and_o so_o much_o for_o knight_n may_v serve_v in_o this_o place_n of_o baron_n this_o word_n baron_n be_v very_o various_o interpret_v dicti_fw-la as_o first_o that_o it_o come_v from_o the_o word_n baria_n in_o greek_a which_o signify_v authoritas_fw-la gravis_fw-la bracton_n interpret_v it_o robur_n belli_fw-la again_o say_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n the_o word_n baro_n be_v the_o same_o in_o latin_a with_o virro_n who_o derivation_n be_v from_o vi_n force_n and_o from_o thence_o sunt_fw-la &_o alii_fw-la potentes_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la qui_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la barones_n id_fw-la 8._o est_fw-la robur_fw-la belli_fw-la and_o take_v of_o it_o in_o that_o sense_n we_o now_o understand_v it_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n call_v he_o cliens_fw-la 79._o feodalis_fw-la and_o vassallus_fw-la capitalis_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la sunt_fw-la say_v he_o qui_fw-la pagos_fw-la urbes_fw-la castra_n vel_fw-la eximiam_fw-la ruris_fw-la portionem_fw-la cum_fw-la jurisdictione_n acceperunt_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la the_o creation_n robe_n of_o a_o baron_n this_o word_n be_v a_o general_a notion_n in_o england_n to_o all_o lord_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o parliament_n as_o it_o be_v in_o naples_n and_o lombary_n where_o all_o those_o lord_n that_o be_v call_v titulati_fw-la be_v in_o general_n style_v baron_n thus_o dignitas_fw-la baronalis_fw-la stat_fw-la ut_fw-la genus_fw-la this_o word_n be_v use_v by_o the_o 336._o dane_n in_o the_o stead_n of_o thane_n which_o be_v among_o the_o saxon_n a_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o be_v next_o the_o king_n he_o be_v call_v the_o king_n thane_n and_o in_o the_o law_n of_o william_n the_o first_o instead_o 87._o of_o the_o earl_n king_n thane_n and_o middle_a thane_n of_o the_o saxon_n time_n the_o title_n of_o count_n or_o earl_n of_o baron_n and_o of_o valvasor_n be_v use_v by_o which_o we_o understand_v it_o to_o have_v be_v though_o not_o in_o the_o same_o name_n yet_o notion_n a_o feodall_n honour_n of_o great_a antiquity_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n say_v they_o be_v such_o as_o have_v not_o only_a castle_n town_n or_o great_a part_n of_o country_n in_o their_o jurisdiction_n but_o they_o have_v their_o valvasore_n minores_fw-la i_o conceive_v for_o there_o be_v then_o valvasore_n majores_fw-la &_o minores_fw-la milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la which_o shall_v signify_v a_o honour_n of_o command_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n in_o france_n germany_n and_o italy_n baronem_fw-la 79._o vocant_fw-la qui_fw-la merum_fw-la mistumque_fw-la imperium_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o aliquo_fw-la castro_n ex_fw-la concessione_n 〈◊〉_d and_o it_o have_v be_v a_o common_a opinion_n that_o every_o earldom_n in_o time_n past_a have_v under_o it_o ten_o baron_n and_o every_o barony_n ten_o knight_n fee_n hold_v of_o he_o but_o those_o knight_n fee_n say_v other_o author_n be_v uncertain_a for_o number_n however_o we_o find_v many_o baron_n create_v in_o the_o time_n after_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n that_o hold_v both_o of_o knight_n service_n and_o of_o the_o crown_n in_o chief_a which_o be_v either_o spiritual_a or_o temporal_a and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o all_o honorary_a baron_n from_o the_o conquest_n till_o the_o latter_a time_n of_o king_n john_n be_v only_a baron_n by_o tenure_n these_o spiritual_a baron_n be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o temporal_a thane_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n by_o hold_v their_o land_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n except_v trinoda_fw-it necessitas_fw-la as_o it_o be_v call_v which_o be_v assistance_n in_o war_n in_o build_v of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n which_o continue_v till_o the_o four_o year_n of_o william_n the_o first_o who_o then_o make_v the_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n 704_o subject_a to_o knight_n service_n in_o chief_a by_o creation_n of_o new_a tenor_n and_o so_o
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john_n 4._o fern_n take_v no_o notice_n though_o else_o he_o discourse_v large_o enough_o by_o descent_n we_o have_v continual_a example_n when_o any_o daughter_n of_o a_o earl_n or_o viscount_n shall_v continue_v a_o virgin_n or_o marry_v a_o esquire_n she_o shall_v retain_v that_o honour_n that_o spring_v from_o her_o father_n blood_n take_v place_n according_a and_o be_v salute_v by_o the_o title_n of_o lady_n which_o word_n lady_n come_v from_o hleafdian_n or_o leafdian_n by_o contraction_n in_o the_o teutonick_n and_o so_o lafdy_n and_o thence_o lady_n as_o from_o laford_n lord._n the_o word_n laf_n signify_v bread_n 413._o and_o diana_n serve_v it_o seem_v from_o that_o they_o call_v those_o person_n that_o for_o their_o quality_n can_v entertain_v other_o and_o distribute_v corn_n and_o bread_n to_o their_o neighbour_n by_o that_o title_n and_o of_o old_a though_o in_o the_o empire_n and_o here_o the_o word_n dominus_fw-la be_v use_v in_o general_a for_o salutation_n among_o man_n of_o all_o sort_n yet_o domina_fw-la only_o to_o person_n of_o honour_n among_o 116._o woman_n as_o the_o widow_n of_o all_o tenant_n in_o chief_a and_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o all_o knight_n etc._n etc._n the_o heir_n female_n of_o any_o count_n or_o baron_n 34._o shall_v enjoy_v both_o the_o estate_n divide_v and_o title_n too_o if_o they_o be_v to_o be_v divide_v and_o they_o shall_v be_v enjoy_v by_o their_o husband_n if_o they_o marry_v in_o the_o right_n of_o their_o wife_n so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v two_o or_o three_o or_o more_o sister_n to_o share_v the_o estate_n and_o the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n inherent_a be_v enough_o they_o shall_v enjoy_v every_o one_o one_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o pembroke_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o now_o the_o lord_n darcy_n of_o the_o north_n by_o the_o same_o right_n enjoy_v the_o title_n of_o the_o lord_n conyers_n but_o this_o hold_v not_o when_o the_o title_n be_v hold_v by_o 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