or_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o the_o say_a letter_n express_v by_o which_o manner_n of_o write_v he_o force_v many_o of_o such_o religious_a out_o of_o fear_n to_o fulfil_v his_o will_n and_o command_n whereby_o they_o be_v heavy_o impoverish_v and_o oppress_v in_o manifest_a derogation_n of_o ecclesiastical_a liberty_n by_o which_o pretext_n the_o say_a king_n richard_n do_v incur_v perjury_n xxiii_o item_n in_o most_o of_o the_o great_a royal_a council_n when_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o judge_n and_o other_o be_v charge_v that_o they_o will_v faithful_o council_n the_o king_n in_o matter_n relate_v to_o his_o state_n and_o that_o of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o say_v lord_n justices_z and_o other_o very_o often_o in_o give_v counsel_n according_a to_o their_o best_a discretion_n have_v be_v by_o the_o king_n sudden_o and_o so_o fierce_o chide_v and_o reprove_v that_o they_o have_v not_o dare_v to_o speak_v the_o truth_n in_o give_v their_o advice_n for_o the_o state_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n xxiv_o item_n the_o treasure_n crown_n relic_n and_o other_o jewel_n viz._n the_o good_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v reposit_v in_o the_o treasury_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o preservation_n of_o his_o kingdom_n against_o any_o sudden_a event_n or_o exigency_n the_o say_a king_n go_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n into_o ireland_n do_v take_v away_o and_o cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v carry_v with_o he_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whereby_o this_o kingdom_n have_v be_v vast_o impoverish_v if_o god_n by_o the_o retaking_n of_o the_o say_a good_n against_o the_o say_a king_n will_v have_v not_o otherwise_o provide_v and_o furthermore_o the_o say_a king_n do_v cause_v the_o roll_n of_o record_n touch_v the_o state_n and_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n vo_o be_v destroy_v and_o raze_v to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o his_o people_n and_o disinherit_n the_o crown_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o all_o this_o as_o it_o be_v probable_o believe_v in_o favour_n and_o support_v of_o his_o evil_a governance_n xxv_o item_n the_o say_a king_n be_v wont_a as_o it_o be_v perpetual_o to_o be_v so_o variable_a and_o dissemble_a in_o his_o word_n and_o write_n and_o so_o contrary_a to_o himself_o and_o especial_o in_o write_v to_o the_o pope_n and_o to_o king_n and_o other_o lord_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o within_o it_o and_o also_o to_o other_o his_o subject_n that_o no_o man_n live_v that_o know_v his_o condition_n can_v or_o will_v confide_v in_o he_o nay_o he_o be_v repute_v so_o unfaithful_a and_o unconstant_a that_o it_o become_v scandalous_a not_o only_o to_o his_o own_o person_n but_o also_o to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o especial_o among_o foreigner_n of_o all_o the_o world_n that_o come_v to_o know_v the_o same_o xxvi_o item_n although_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n the_o good_n and_o chattel_n of_o every_o freeman_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n use_v from_o all_o time_n heretofore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v from_o he_o unless_o they_o be_v forfeit_v yet_o the_o say_a king_n purpose_v and_o long_v to_o weaken_v such_o law_n in_o the_o pretence_n of_o very_a many_o lord_n and_o other_o of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v frequent_o say_v and_o affirm_v that_o the_o life_n of_o every_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n and_o his_o land_n tenement_n good_n and_o chattel_n be_v his_o the_o say_a king_n at_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n without_o any_o forfeiture_n which_o be_v utter_o against_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n aforesaid_a xxvii_o item_n although_o it_o be_v fnact_v and_o ordain_v and_o be_v hitherto_o confirm_v that_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v etc._n etc._n nor_o any_o way_n destroy_v and_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o pass_v nor_o send_v any_o to_o pass_v upon_o he_o but_o by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n yet_o by_o the_o will_n command_v and_o order_n of_o the_o say_a king_n very_o many_o of_o his_o liege_n people_n be_v malicious_o accuse_v for_o have_v public_o or_o secret_o say_v something_o that_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o disyraise_n scandal_n or_o disgrace_n of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o say_a king_n have_v be_v take_v and_o imprison_v and_o bring_v before_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n of_o england_n in_o the_o court_n military_a in_o which_o court_n the_o say_a liege_n people_n be_v accuse_v will_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o make_v any_o other_o answer_n than_o that_o they_o be_v no_o way_n guilty_a and_o will_v justify_v the_o same_o and_o defend_v themselves_o by_o their_o body_n and_o not_o otherwise_o notwithstanding_o their_o appellor_n be_v young_a man_n stout_a and_o lusty_a and_o those_o so_o accuse_v ancient_a and_o impotent_a maim_v or_o infirm_a whereby_o not_o only_a destruction_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o grandee_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o also_o of_o all_o and_o singular_a person_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o same_o may_v probable_o ensue_v since_o therefore_o the_o say_a king_n have_v wilful_o act_v contrary_a to_o such_o a_o statute_n of_o his_o kingdom_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o he_o have_v thereby_o incur_v the_o crime_n of_o perjury_n xxviii_o item_n although_o the_o people_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o leigeance_n be_v full_o enough_o bind_v to_o their_o king_n and_o the_o say_a king_n by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o kingdom_n be_v enable_v to_o correct_v and_o punish_v his_o people_n if_o in_o any_o kind_n they_o transgress_v yet_o the_o say_a king_n desire_v to_o trample_v on_o and_o too_o much_o oppress_v his_o people_n that_o he_o may_v the_o more_o free_o execute_v and_o follow_v the_o humour_n of_o his_o foolish_a and_o unlawful_a will_n by_o his_o letter_n to_o all_o the_o county_n of_o his_o kingdom_n do_v enjoin_v and_o command_v that_o all_o his_o subject_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o tempâ—ral_a shall_v make_v certain_a oath_n in_o general_n which_o be_v too_o grievous_a to_o they_o and_o which_o may_v probable_o cause_v the_o final_a destruction_n of_o his_o people_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v confirm_v such_o their_o oath_n under_o their_o letter_n and_o seal_n to_o which_o royal_a command_n the_o people_n of_o his_o kingdom_n do_v submit_v and_o pay_v obedience_n that_o they_o may_v not_o incur_v his_o indignation_n or_o displeasure_n and_o also_o for_o fear_v of_o death_n xxix_o item_n when_o party_n contend_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n in_o cause_n mere_o ecclesiastical_a and_o spiritual_a have_v endeavour_v to_o obtain_v from_o the_o chancellor_n of_o england_n prohibition_n to_o hinder_v the_o lawful_a process_n in_o the_o say_a court_n and_o the_o say_a chancellor_n have_v just_o refuse_v to_o grant_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o say_a king_n by_o letter_n under_o his_o signet_n have_v frequent_o prohibit_v the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n to_o proceed_v in_o such_o cause_n thereby_o evil_o infringe_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o grand_a charter_n approve_v to_o the_o conservation_n whereof_o he_o be_v swear_v and_o damnable_o incur_v perjury_n and_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o such_o violator_n thereof_o by_o the_o holy_a father_n pronounce_v xxx_o item_n the_o say_a king_n without_o any_o reasonable_a or_o lawful_a cause_n whatsoever_o or_o any_o other_o process_n of_o law_n do_v in_o his_o parliament_n encompass_v in_o warlike_a manner_n by_o arm_a man_n adjudge_v thomas_n of_o arundel_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n his_o spiritual_a father_n absent_v himself_o by_o the_o treacherous_a counsel_n of_o the_o say_a king_n to_o banishment_n against_o the_o law_n of_o his_o kingdom_n so_o by_o he_o swear_v to_o as_o aforesaid_a xxxi_o item_n by_o inspection_n of_o the_o testament_n of_o the_o say_a king_n seal_v with_o the_o great_a and_o privy_a seal_n and_o also_o with_o his_o signet_n among_o other_o thing_n there_o be_v contain_v this_o clause_n or_o article_n item_n we_o will_v that_o the_o residue_n of_o our_o gold_n the_o true_a debt_n of_o our_o household_n chamber_n and_o wardrobe_n be_v pay_v for_o payment_n whereof_o we_o bequeath_v twenty_o thousand_o mark_n reserve_v to_o our_o executor_n five_o or_o six_o thousand_o mark_n which_o we_o will_v by_o they_o to_o be_v expend_v towards_o the_o more_o plentiful_a maintenance_n of_o the_o leper_n and_o chaplain_n to_o celebrate_v before_o they_o by_o we_o found_v at_o westminster_n and_o bâ—rmondeseye_n shall_v remain_v to_o our_o successor_n provide_v always_o that_o he_o approve_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v and_o hold_v and_o cause_n to_o be_v hold_v and_o firm_o observe_v all_o and_o singular_a
in_o any_o kind_n lose_v his_o archbishopric_n and_o this_o he_o faithful_o promise_v swear_v upon_o the_o cross_n of_o the_o late_a martyr_n s._n thomas_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n by_o he_o the_o say_a king_n corporal_o touch_v all_o which_o promise_v notwithstanding_o the_o say_a king_n force_v the_o say_a archbishop_n to_o depart_v the_o realm_n and_o forthwith_o transmit_v special_a letter_n to_o the_o apostolical_a see_v to_o have_v he_o translate_v and_o so_o and_o by_o other_o fraud_n and_o deceitful_a trick_n of_o the_o say_a king_n the_o say_a archbishop_n be_v a_o well-meaning_a believe_a man_n be_v subtle_o circumvent_v and_o because_o it_o seem_v to_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v ask_v their_o judgement_n thereupon_o as_o well_o several_o as_o joint_o that_o these_o cause_n of_o crime_n and_o default_n be_v sufficient_a and_o notorious_a to_o depose_v the_o say_a king_n consider_v also_o his_o own_o confession_n of_o his_o insufficiency_n and_o other_o thing_n contain_v in_o his_o say_a renunciation_n and_o session_n open_o deliver_v all_o the_o say_a state_n do_v unanimous_o consent_v that_o ex_fw-la abundanti_fw-la that_o they_o shall_v proceed_v unto_o a_o deposition_n of_o the_o say_a king_n for_o the_o great_a security_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o people_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whereupon_o the_o say_v state_n and_o commons_o unanimous_o constitute_v and_o public_o depute_v certain_a commissioner_n viz._n the_o bishop_n of_o s_o asaph_n the_o abbot_n of_o glassenbury_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n the_o lord_n berkley_n sir_n thomas_n erpyngham_n and_o sir_n shomas_n grey_n knights_z and_o william_n thirning_n one_o of_o the_o justice_n to_o pass_v such_o sentence_n of_o deposition_n and_o to_o depose_v the_o say_a king_n richard_n from_o all_o kingly_a dignity_n majesty_n and_o honour_n on_o the_o behalf_n and_o in_o the_o name_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o all_o the_o say_a state_n as_o in_o like_a case_n from_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n have_v be_v observe_v and_o forthwith_o the_o say_a commissioner_n take_v upon_o themselves_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n and_o sit_v on_o a_o tribunal_n before_o the_o say_v royal_a chair_n of_o state_n have_v first_o have_v some_o debate_n of_o the_o matter_n do_v on_o the_o behalf_n and_o in_o the_o name_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a pass_v the_o say_a sentence_n of_o deposition_n be_v reduce_v into_o writing_n and_o cause_v such_o their_o sentence_n to_o be_v read_v and_o recite_v by_o the_o say_a bishop_n of_o s._n asaph_n their_o colleague_n by_o the_o will_n and_o command_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o say_a commissioner_n in_o these_o word_n in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n amen_n we_o john_n bishop_n of_o asaph_n john_n abbot_z of_o glassenbury_n thomas_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n thomas_n lord_n berkley_n thomas_n de_fw-fr erpingham_n and_o thomas_n grace_n knight_n and_o william_n thirn_v justice_n commissioner_n special_o depute_v to_o the_o matter_n under_o write_v by_o the_o peer_n and_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n represent_v all_o estate_n or_o condition_n of_o the_o say_a realm_n sit_v in_o tribunal_n and_o have_v consider_v the_o multiply_a perjury_n cruelty_n and_o very_o many_o other_o crime_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n touch_v his_o government_n conmit_v and_o perpetrate_v in_o his_o kingdom_n and_o dominion_n aforesaid_a during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o governance_n and_o before_o the_o say_a state_n open_o and_o public_o propound_v exhibit_v and_o recite_v which_o have_v be_v and_o be_v so_o public_a notorious_a manifest_a and_o scandalous_a that_o they_o can_v not_o nor_o can_v be_v conceal_v with_o denial_n or_o excuse_n and_o consider_v likewise_o the_o confession_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n acknowledge_v and_o repute_v and_o true_o and_o of_o his_o own_o certain_a knowledge_n judge_v himself_o to_o have_v be_v and_o to_o be_v utter_o insufficient_a and_o unmeet_a for_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n and_o their_o appurtenance_n and_o for_o such_o his_o notorious_a demerit_n worthy_a to_o be_v depose_v as_o by_o he_o the_o say_v richard_n be_v before_o declare_v and_o by_o his_o will_n and_o command_n publish_v before_o the_o say_a state_n and_o make_v know_v and_o expose_v to_o they_o in_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n have_v already_o have_v diligent_a deliberation_n upon_o these_o thing_n and_o all_o other_o transact_v in_o this_o affair_n before_o the_o say_a state_n and_o we_o we_o do_v on_o the_o behalf_n and_o in_o the_o name_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n to_o we_o in_o this_o matter_n commit_v ex_fw-la abundanti_fw-la and_o for_o caution_n pronounce_v decree_n and_o declare_v he_o the_o say_v richard_n to_o have_v be_v and_o to_o be_v unfit_a unable_a and_o utter_o in_o sufficient_a for_o and_o unworthy_a of_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o the_o dominion_n and_o right_n and_o appurtenance_n of_o the_o same_o and_o for_o any_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o premise_n to_o be_v deserve_o depose_v of_o and_o from_o all_o royal_a dignity_n and_o honour_n if_o any_o thing_n of_o such_o dignity_n and_o honour_n be_v yet_o remain_v in_o he_o and_o with_o the_o same_o caution_n we_o do_v depose_v he_o by_o this_o our_o deffinitive_a sentence_n in_o writing_n express_o forbid_v all_o and_o singular_a the_o lord_n archbishop_n bishop_n and_o prelate_n duke_n marquess_n earl_n baron_n knight_n vassal_n and_o valvassor_n and_o other_o subject_n and_o liege_n people_n of_o tbe_n say_v kingdom_n and_o dominion_n and_o other_o place_n to_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n belong_v that_o henceforth_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v any_o way_n obey_v or_o regard_v the_o say_a richard_n as_o king_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n furthermore_o the_o say_a state_n willing_a that_o nothing_o shall_v be_v want_v which_o may_v be_v of_o value_n or_o aught_o to_o be_v require_v touch_v the_o premise_n be_v several_o interrogated_a thereupon_o do_v constitute_v the_o same_o person_n that_o be_v before_o nominate_v commissioner_n to_o be_v their_o procurator_n joint_o and_o several_o to_o resign_v and_o give_v back_o to_o the_o say_a king_n richard_n the_o homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o he_o before_o make_v and_o to_o intimate_v to_o he_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v requisite_a all_o the_o premise_n touch_v such_o his_o deposition_n and_o renunciation_n and_o then_o present_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o premise_n and_o the_o occasion_n of_o they_o that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n with_o its_o appurtenance_n be_v vacant_a the_o aforesaid_a henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n rise_v up_o from_o his_o place_n and_o stand_v so_o erect_v as_o he_o may_v convenient_o be_v see_v by_o the_o people_n and_o humble_o fortify_v himself_o with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n on_o his_o forehead_n and_o on_o his_o breast_n have_v also_o first_o call_v upon_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n do_v claim_v the_o say_a kingdom_n so_o vacant_a as_o aforesaid_a with_o its_o crown_n and_o all_o its_o member_n and_o appurtenance_n in_o this_o form_n of_o word_n in_o his_o mother_n tongue_n in_o the_o name_n of_o fader_n son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n i_o henry_n of_o lancaster_n challenge_v this_o rewine_n of_o yndlonde_n and_o the_o croun_n with_o all_o the_o member_n and_o the_o appurtenance_n all_o be_v i_o that_o be_o descendit_fw-la be_v right_a line_n of_o the_o blood_n come_v fro_o the_o good_a lord_n king_n henry_n therde_n and_o thorghe_v that_o right_n that_o god_n of_o eye_n grace_n have_v send_v i_o with_o help_n of_o my_o kin_n and_o of_o my_o friend_n to_o recover_v it_o the_o which_o rheum_n be_v in_o point_n to_o be_v ondone_v for_o defaut_n of_o governance_n and_o undo_v of_o the_o good_a law_n after_o which_o claim_n and_o challenge_n as_o well_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a as_o temporal_a and_o all_o the_o state_n 〈◊〉_d present_a be_v several_o and_o joint_o interrogated_a what_o they_o think_v of_o that_o claim_n the_o say_a 〈◊〉_d with_o the_o whole_a people_n without_o any_o difficulty_n or_o delay_n do_v unanimous_o consent_v that_o the_o say_a duke_n shall_v reign_v over_o they_o and_o forthwith_o as_o the_o say_a king_n show_v to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o signet_n of_o king_n richard_n deliver_v to_o he_o as_o a_o token_n of_o his_o will_n that_o he_o shall_v succeed_v he_o as_o aforesaid_a the_o say_a archbishop_n take_v the_o say_a king_n henry_n by_o the_o right_a hand_n lead_v he_o to_o the_o royal_a chair_n of_o state_n and_o after_o the_o say_a king_n kneel_v down_o before_o it_o have_v pray_v a_o little_a while_n the_o say_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n assist_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n do_v
mother_n handsomeness_n be_v celebrate_v for_o the_o goodly_a personage_n and_o most_o amiable_a countenance_n of_o any_o king_n that_o have_v be_v before_o he_o since_o the_o conquest_n his_o father_n after_o he_o have_v fill_v both_o france_n and_o spain_n with_o terrible_a trophy_n of_o his_o valour_n have_v take_v the_o king_n of_o the_o former_a prisoner_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a generous_o by_o his_o arm_n restore_v peter_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o leon_n when_o injurious_o drive_v out_o of_o those_o realm_n by_o the_o arragonian_n and_o french_a be_v in_o the_o forty_o six_o year_n of_o his_o age_n snatch_v away_o by_o death_n some_o say_v hasten_v by_o poison_n during_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n king_n edward_n who_o have_v then_o three_o other_o son_n still_o survive_v viz._n john_n of_o gaunt_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n edmund_n of_o langley_n afterward_o earl_n of_o cambridge_n and_o duke_n of_o york_n and_o thomas_n of_o woodstock_n afterward_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n for_o prevent_v any_o quarrel_n after_o his_o own_o decease_n and_o all_o pretension_n which_o any_o of_o they_o may_v make_v to_o the_o crown_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o his_o grandchild_n this_o our_o prince_n richard_n to_o who_o as_o son_n of_o the_o elder_a brother_n it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o belong_v he_o resolve_v to_o see_v his_o right_n declare_v and_o settle_v in_o parliament_n create_v likewise_o the_o say_a richard_n first_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o cornwall_n and_o then_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o all_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o accept_v he_o for_o their_o king_n as_o his_o lawful_a heir_n when_o ever_o himself_o shall_v expire_v be_v thus_o put_v into_o the_o immediate_a prospect_n of_o a_o crown_n the_o overburdensom_a glory_n come_v too_o fast_o upon_o his_o tender_a head_n for_o king_n edward_n have_v over-lived_a his_o fortune_n and_o the_o better_a part_n of_o himself_o his_o conquest_n abroad_o be_v daily_o ravish_v back_o and_o alice_z price_n his_o concubine_n shameful_o rule_v both_o he_o and_o most_o affair_n at_o home_n oppress_v with_o grief_n and_o age_n though_o some_o say_v much_o more_o debilitate_a by_o the_o caress_n of_o that_o petulant_a strumpet_n resign_v his_o last_o breath_n at_o richmond_n the_o one_o and_o twenty_o of_o june_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1377_o in_o the_o sixty_o four_o year_n of_o his_o age_n have_v reign_v fifty_o year_n four_o month_n and_o odd_a day_n upon_o the_o first_o notice_n of_o his_o death_n the_o city_n of_o london_n send_v deputy_n to_o prince_n richard_n who_o with_o the_o princess_n his_o mother_n lie_v then_o at_o kingston_n to_o acknowledge_v he_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n and_o request_n that_o he_o will_v please_v to_o honour_v they_o with_o his_o presence_n and_o near_a residence_n which_o message_n be_v kind_o receive_v and_o the_o young_a king_n soon_o after_o come_v to_o his_o palace_n at_o westminster_n and_o on_o the_o sixteen_o day_n of_o july_n be_v solemn_o crown_v the_o citizen_n spare_v no_o cost_n to_o express_v their_o loyalty_n and_o zealous_a affection_n to_o his_o person_n both_o in_o his_o passage_n through_o the_o town_n and_o at_o his_o coronation_n as_o by_o several_a triumphant_a arch_n conduit_n run_v with_o wine_n and_o all_o other_o demonstration_n of_o a_o transport_v joy_n insomuch_o that_o by_o some_o of_o the_o nobility_n he_o be_v ironical_o call_v the_o londoner_n king_n his_o tender_a age_n be_v at_o his_o grandfather_n death_n but_o eleven_o year_n old_a require_v some_o protector_n or_o chief_a manager_n of_o public_a affair_n but_o to_o who_o to_o commit_v so_o weighty_a a_o trust_n be_v the_o difficulty_n if_o to_o one_o ambition_n join_v with_o power_n may_v tempt_v to_o usurpation_n nor_o want_v they_o a_o precedent_n at_o home_n whilst_o they_o remember_v how_o king_n john_n justle_v out_o his_o nephew_n prince_n arthur_n if_o to_o several_a than_o it_o may_v be_v fear_v that_o different_a private_a interest_n faction_n and_o by-end_n from_o which_o scarce_o any_o of_o the_o grandee_n be_v free_a may_v entangle_v or_o retard_v their_o proceed_n so_o as_o to_o obstruct_v their_o act_n unanimous_o and_o cheerful_o for_o the_o public_a weal_n at_o last_o hope_v to_o please_v all_o pretender_n and_o consider_v that_o from_o a_o multitude_n of_o councillor_n most_o safety_n may_v be_v expect_v they_o entrust_v first_o the_o king_n three_o uncle_n but_o lancaster_n whether_o discontent_v to_o have_v any_o partner_n or_o that_o he_o care_v not_o much_o to_o intermeddle_v because_o he_o have_v contract_v both_o the_o enmity_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o dissatisfaction_n of_o the_o londoner_n or_o whether_o have_v a_o pretence_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n by_o the_o marriage_n of_o constance_n daughter_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a king_n peter_n that_o he_o may_v better_o pursue_v his_o claim_n thereunto_o wary_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o that_o charge_n several_a other_o lord_n both_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a be_v add_v till_o at_o last_o be_v find_v too_o many_o the_o same_o be_v confer_v whole_o upon_o the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n who_o discharge_v the_o office_n with_o good_a satisfaction_n the_o scotch_a and_o french_a promise_v themselves_o advantage_n from_o the_o king_n minority_n begin_v to_o make_v attempt_n upon_o his_o territory_n almost_o before_o he_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o first_o surprise_v the_o castle_n of_o berwick_n the_o second_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o burn_v and_o pillage_v several_a town_n and_o village_n on_o the_o coast_n but_o be_v both_o quick_o repulse_v and_o beat_v out_o again_o about_o two_o month_n after_o the_o coronation_n a_o parliament_n be_v call_v which_o sit_v from_o michaelmas_n to_o s._n andrew_n day_n and_o banish_a alice_n price_n king_n edward_n mistress_n for_o that_o whereas_o former_o be_v complain_v of_o as_o a_o grievance_n in_o parliament_n she_o have_v swear_v never_o to_o come_v again_o into_o the_o king_n court_n or_o presence_n which_o the_o king_n have_v likewise_o confirm_v with_o his_o oath_n yet_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o black_a prince_n she_o have_v return_v and_o misgovern_a the_o king_n presume_v to_o fit_v in_o judicial_a court_n and_o by_o her_o presence_n and_o influence_n to_o wrest_v justice_n and_o in_o his_o sickness_n flatter_v he_o with_o hope_n of_o life_n so_o that_o he_o neglect_v make_v provision_n for_o his_o soul_n till_o he_o be_v quite_o speechless_a whilst_o she_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n purloin_v away_o the_o choice_a thing_n in_o the_o palace_n and_o steal_v even_o the_o very_a ring_n off_o his_o finger_n and_o then_o like_o a_o right_a harlot_n leave_v he_o gasp_v for_o life_n and_o unable_a to_o speak_v one_o word_n in_o the_o company_n only_o of_o one_o poor_a priest_n my_o author_n say_v when_o she_o come_v now_o to_o be_v question_v she_o have_v with_o money_n corrupt_v many_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o all_o the_o lawyer_n of_o england_n who_o do_v not_o only_o secret_o but_o public_o plead_v and_o use_v all_o their_o interest_n in_o her_o behalf_n yet_o she_o be_v so_o vigorous_o prosecute_v by_o the_o knight_n in_o parliament_n that_o be_v by_o her_o own_o mouth_n convict_v she_o be_v banish_v the_o land_n and_o all_o her_o estate_n movable_a and_o immovable_a forfeit_v to_o the_o exchequer_n from_o whence_o by_o the_o late_a king_n favour_n or_o rather_o dotage_n it_o have_v undue_o be_v obtain_v there_o be_v also_o by_o this_o parliament_n give_v to_o the_o king_n two_o ten_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o two_o fifteenth_n of_o the_o temporalty_n to_o be_v pay_v the_o same_o year_n but_o on_o this_o condition_n viz._n that_o the_o king_n for_o the_o future_a shall_v not_o burden_v they_o with_o more_o request_n of_o that_o kind_n to_o draw_v away_o his_o subject_n money_n but_o will_v live_v on_o his_o demeasn_n and_o continue_v his_o war_n for_o that_o as_o it_o be_v there_o answer_v his_o proper_a royal_a revenue_n be_v sufficient_a both_o to_o maintain_v his_o court_n and_o carry_v on_o his_o war_n if_o the_o same_o be_v but_o manage_v by_o fit_a and_o trusty_a minister_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o this_o money_n so_o give_v shall_v as_o it_o be_v raise_v be_v deposit_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o two_o citizen_n of_o london_n william_n waller_n and_o john_n philpot_n who_o be_v to_o see_v it_o bestow_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n 1378._o this_o john_n philpot_n be_v a_o alderman_n of_o london_n a_o person_n of_o no_o less_o courage_n than_o prudence_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o follow_a exploit_n sometime_o after_o the_o parliament_n break_v up_o and_o the_o money_n collect_v the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n to_o who_o nothing_o almost_o can_v be_v deny_v be_v very_o importunate_a to_o have_v the_o same_o deliver_v to_o his_o dispose_n promise_v therewith_o
without_o lessen_v or_o delay_v the_o same_o and_o that_o they_o do_v not_o presume_v to_o require_v pretend_v or_o claim_v any_o other_o liberty_n or_o privilege_n than_o what_o they_o reasonable_o have_v before_o the_o say_a tumult_n and_o that_o all_o such_o as_o have_v any_o of_o our_o say_a letter_n of_o manumission_n and_o pardon_n in_o their_o custody_n shall_v immediate_o bring_v and_o restore_v the_o same_o to_o we_o and_o our_o council_n to_o be_v cancel_v upon_o the_o faith_n and_o allegiance_n in_o which_o to_o we_o they_o be_v bind_v and_o upon_o pain_n of_o forfeit_v all_o that_o to_o we_o they_o can_v forfeit_v for_o the_o future_a in_o testimony_n whereof_o we_o have_v cause_v these_o our_o letter_n to_o be_v make_v patent_n witness_v ourselves_o at_o chelmsford_n the_o second_o day_n of_o july_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n by_o this_o revocation_n all_o pretension_n of_o plead_v a_o pardon_n be_v cut_v off_o proceeding_n be_v next_o make_v against_o the_o principal_a offender_n several_a of_o they_o be_v convict_v before_o the_o mayor_n and_o behead_v as_o john_n straw_n john_n kickby_n alane_n tradder_n and_o john_n sterling_n which_o last_o boast_v that_o he_o be_v the_o man_n that_o slay_v the_o archbishop_n also_o sir_n robert_n tresilian_n chief_a justice_n be_v empower_v by_o special_a commission_n to_o judge_v other_o of_o the_o rebel_n before_o who_o in_o sundry_a place_n above_o fifteen_o hundred_o be_v find_v guilty_a and_o put_v to_o death_n and_o among_o they_o the_o before_o mention_v incendiary_n ball_n the_o priest_n who_o be_v take_v at_o coventry_n be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n at_o s._n albanâ—_n and_o theâ—e_n draw_v hang_v and_o quarter_v during_o these_o uproar_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n very_o happy_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o person_n against_o who_o the_o commons_o have_v so_o great_a a_o spite_n be_v go_v into_o the_o north_n against_o the_o scot_n but_o have_v tiding_n of_o the_o insurrection_n think_v fit_a to_o clap_v up_o a_o truce_n for_o two_o year_n which_o he_o get_v ratify_v upon_o oath_n some_o day_n before_o the_o scot_n have_v any_o notice_n of_o the_o trouble_n in_o england_n but_o conceive_v himself_o in_o danger_n for_o the_o general_n though_o false_a report_n be_v that_o the_o king_n to_o pacify_v the_o rebel_n have_v consent_v to_o abandon_v he_o to_o their_o pleasure_n when_o ever_o they_o can_v seize_v he_o and_o have_v receiceive_v some_o affront_v in_o that_o distress_n from_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n he_o desire_v of_o the_o scot_n a_o safe_a conduct_n and_o to_o reside_v for_o a_o time_n among_o they_o who_o honourable_o entertain_v he_o till_o he_o be_v send_v for_o by_o the_o king_n and_o then_o a_o new_a cause_n of_o grudge_n happen_v between_o he_o and_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n for_o in_o his_o return_n he_o be_v deny_v passage_n through_o the_o town_n of_o barwick_n by_o the_o captain_n sir_n matthew_n redman_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o command_n from_o the_o say_a earl_n lord_n warden_n of_o the_o march_n not_o to_o suffer_v any_o from_o scotland_n to_o enter_v the_o same_o which_o indeed_o the_o king_n have_v special_o order_v forget_v the_o duke_n be_v then_o in_o that_o kingdom_n however_o this_o breed_v such_o a_o animosity_n in_o the_o duke_n against_o the_o earl_n that_o be_v come_v home_o he_o charge_v he_o with_o several_a thing_n which_o the_o earl_n as_o stout_o answer_v and_o great_a number_n of_o arm_a man_n follow_v each_o of_o they_o but_o the_o king_n take_v their_o difference_n into_o his_o own_o haâ—ds_n work_v a_o reconciliation_n about_o allhallontide_a begin_v a_o parliament_n but_o have_v not_o accomplish_v any_o thing_n of_o moment_n before_o they_o be_v adjourn_v till_o after_o christmas_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o new_a queen_n sister_n of_o wyncelaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n and_o elect_a emperor_n a_o alliance_n of_o some_o honour_n but_o little_a profit_n to_o the_o realm_n she_o be_v follow_v with_o a_o multitude_n of_o insatiate_a bohemian_n who_o by_o the_o king_n facility_n drain_v abundance_n of_o wealth_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o she_o set_v foot_n on_o shore_n at_o dover_n a_o horrible_a storm_n arise_v at_o sea_n which_o so_o toss_v the_o ship_n in_o the_o harbour_n that_o the_o same_o which_o her_o majesty_n come_v in_o be_v immediate_o dash_v to_o piece_n which_o some_o then_o look_v upon_o as_o ominous_a presage_a tempest_n of_o state_n to_o follow_v she_o 1382._o the_o nuptial_a solemnity_n which_o be_v very_o splendid_a and_o costly_a be_v over_o the_o parliament_n meet_v again_o to_o begin_v the_o new_a year_n in_o which_o several_a wholesome_a law_n be_v ordain_v as_o to_o admit_v merchant-stranger_n free_o to_o sell_v their_o merchandize_n here_o to_o regulate_v excess_n in_o in_o the_o apparel_n of_o inferior_a people_n to_o settle_v the_o price_n of_o wine_n and_o many_o other_o matter_n but_o what_o say_v our_o author_n thomas_n walsingham_n condemn_v such_o practice_n signify_v act_n of_o parliament_n when_o after_o they_o be_v make_v they_o take_v no_o effect_n or_o be_v nothing_o regard_v for_o the_o king_n with_o his_o privy_a council_n take_v upon_o they_o to_o alter_v or_o whole_o seâ—_n aside_o all_o thing_n that_o by_o general_a consent_n have_v in_o parliament_n be_v establish_v of_o the_o truth_n whereof_o there_o be_v too_o many_o unhappy_a instance_n as_o among_o the_o rest_n in_o this_o very_a parliament_n upon_o the_o request_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o sir_n r._n scroop_n be_v by_o the_o king_n appoint_v lord_n chancellor_n as_o be_v a_o person_n of_o know_a judgement_n learning_n and_o inflexible_a integrity_n but_o within_o few_o month_n he_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o that_o office_n which_o he_o have_v laudable_o and_o prudent_o administer_v mere_o because_o to_o do_v the_o king_n faithful_a service_n he_o have_v displease_v some_o of_o his_o unworthy_a mâ—nors_n the_o relation_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o in_o walsinghams_n own_o word_n edmund_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_z and_o several_a other_o lord_n be_v late_o dead_a certain_a greedy_a and_o ambitious_a knight_n and_o squire_n and_o other_o of_o inferior_a rank_n that_o be_v servant_n to_o the_o king_n have_v beg_v of_o he_o grant_v of_o divers_a land_n and_o lordship_n late_o belong_v to_o the_o decease_a that_o they_o may_v have_v the_o profit_n thereof_o for_o so_o long_a time_n as_o the_o king_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v to_o hold_v they_o in_o his_o hand_n which_o the_o king_n not_o mind_v the_o value_n nor_o consider_v any_o reason_n they_o have_v to_o desire_v or_o merit_n to_o deserve_v such_o revenue_n present_o consent_v to_o order_v they_o to_o the_o chancellor_n to_o have_v their_o grant_n confirm_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n but_o the_o prudent_a and_o honest_a chancellor_n who_o zealous_o desire_v the_o prosperity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o just_a profit_n of_o the_o king_n absolute_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o tell_v they_o the_o king_n be_v much_o in_o debt_n and_o it_o be_v most_o necessary_a he_o shall_v reserve_v such_o contingency_n to_o himself_o therewith_o in_o part_n to_o satisfy_v his_o creditor_n and_o that_o since_o they_o well_o know_v such_o the_o king_n urgent_a occasion_n they_o can_v be_v no_o good_a subject_n to_o his_o majesty_n that_o consult_v their_o own_o advantage_n more_o than_o his_o service_n and_o prefer_v private_a lucre_n before_o public_a necessity_n shall_v go_v about_o to_o circumvent_v and_o further_o impoverish_v he_o by_o such_o prejudicial_a request_n from_o which_o they_o shall_v do_v well_o to_o desist_v and_o be_v content_a with_o his_o majesty_n former_a largess_n which_o be_v sufficient_a for_o they_o nettle_v with_o this_o repulse_n these_o courtier_n resort_v back_o to_o the_o king_n grievous_o complain_v of_o the_o chancellor_n obstinacy_n that_o he_o contemn_v his_o majesty_n command_n and_o that_o it_o concern_v his_o majesty_n sudden_o and_o with_o due_a severity_n to_o chastise_v such_o a_o affront_v disobedience_n for_o otherwise_o the_o royal_a authority_n will_v become_v contemptible_a to_o all_o his_o people_n and_o his_o command_n be_v account_v of_o no_o value_n etc._n etc._n the_o young_a king_n therefore_o more_o regard_v the_o false_a suggestion_n of_o these_o self-designing_a flatterer_n than_o the_o faithful_a allegation_n and_o advice_n of_o his_o chancellor_n send_v in_o his_o fury_n messenger_n to_o demand_v the_o seal_n of_o he_o but_o the_o chancellor_n will_v deliver_v it_o to_o no_o hand_n but_o the_o king_n to_o who_o have_v surrender_v it_o he_o be_v please_v to_o retain_v it_o for_o many_o day_n in_o his_o own_o custody_n seal_v grant_n therewith_o himself_o etc._n etc._n till_o at_o length_n the_o keep_n of_o it_o be_v confer_v
on_o braibrook_n bishop_n of_o london_n to_o this_o last_o mention_v parliament_n john_n wickliff_n exhibit_v a_o certain_a complaint_n or_o article_n chief_o against_o the_o abuse_n of_o monk_n friar_n etc._n etc._n a_o abstract_n of_o the_o substance_n whereof_o be_v as_o follow_v 1._o article_n that_o all_o person_n of_o what_o kind_a order_n sect_n or_o singular_a religion_n soever_o make_v or_o institute_v by_o man_n may_v free_o without_o any_o let_v or_o punishment_n leave_v the_o same_o at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o be_v only_o bind_v stable_o to_o hold_v the_o rule_n of_o jesus_n christ_n take_v and_o give_v by_o he_o and_o his_o apostle_n and_o far_o more_o profitable_a than_o such_o new_a religion_n found_v by_o sinful_a man_n 2._o art_n that_o those_o thing_n which_o man_n have_v unreasonable_o and_o wrongful_o condemn_v as_o that_o the_o king_n can_v take_v away_o the_o good_n of_o prelate_n monk_n etc._n etc._n misbehave_v themselves_o or_o the_o like_a may_v be_v vindicate_v and_o assert_v and_o the_o contrary_a error_n condemn_v they_o expose_v for_o that_o nothing_o ought_v to_o be_v condemn_v unless_o it_o savour_v of_o error_n or_o unrighteousness_n against_o god_n law_n 3._o art_n that_o both_o tithe_n and_o offering_n be_v give_v pay_v and_o receive_v with_o and_o to_o the_o same_o intent_n only_o as_o by_o god_n law_n they_o ought_v that_o be_v that_o what_o be_v more_o than_o sufficient_a to_o serve_v the_o priest_n etc._n etc._n with_o necessary_n be_v give_v to_o the_o poor_a and_o that_o if_o they_o be_v abuse_v to_o luxury_n or_o covetousness_n than_o they_o may_v lawful_o be_v take_v away_o 4._o art_n that_o christ_n doctrine_n and_o the_o belief_n touch_v the_o sacrament_n plain_o deliver_v by_o he_o and_o his_o apostle_n be_v open_o teach_v in_o church_n and_o the_o contrary_n teach_v and_o false_a belief_n bring_v up_o by_o curse_a hypocrite_n and_o worldy_a priest_n explode_v wickliff_n prefer_v these_o article_n which_o he_o at_o large_a confirm_v both_o by_o authority_n and_o reason_n stir_v up_o fresh_a hatred_n against_o he_o in_o the_o ecclesiastic_n and_o procure_v he_o much_o trouble_n wherefore_o because_o all_o papist_n so_o furiously_v condemn_v he_o to_o this_o day_n as_o a_o wicked_a heretic_n and_o we_o just_o own_v he_o as_o one_o of_o the_o first_o and_o most_o eminent_a author_n of_o the_o reformation_n in_o doctrine_n by_o his_o painful_a write_n and_o preach_v his_o tenet_n be_v general_o the_o same_o 1608._o with_o those_o profess_a at_o this_o day_n by_o the_o protestant_a church_n bate_v some_o few_o error_n intermix_v which_o be_v as_o less_o material_a so_o likewise_o more_o excusable_a consider_v the_o ignorance_n and_o blindness_n of_o the_o age_n he_o live_v in_o and_o since_o his_o story_n be_v one_o of_o the_o remarkable_n of_o this_o king_n richard_n reign_n it_o will_v not_o be_v impertinent_a brief_o to_o relate_v the_o same_o wickliff_n be_v say_v to_o be_v descend_v of_o a_o ancient_a family_n in_o the_o north_n but_o the_o exact_a year_n of_o his_o birth_n we_o do_v not_o find_v record_v he_o be_v educate_v in_o merton_n college_n in_o oxford_n become_v first_o divinity_n reader_n in_o that_o famous_a university_n and_o afterward_o rector_n of_o lutterworth_n in_o leicester_n shire_n touch_v his_o part_n his_o contemporary_a henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n cannon_n of_o leicester_n and_o by_o consequence_n none_o of_o his_o friend_n do_v yet_o give_v this_o honourable_a character_n that_o he_o be_v the_o most_o eminent_a doctor_n of_o divinity_n of_o those_o time_n second_o to_o none_o in_o philosophy_n incomparable_a for_o school_n learning_n and_o transcend_v most_o both_o in_o subtlety_n of_o science_n and_o profoundness_n of_o wit._n these_o great_a ability_n enable_v he_o quick_o to_o discover_v the_o falsity_n of_o the_o doctrine_n and_o the_o cheat_n of_o the_o practice_n then_o in_o vogue_n in_o the_o church_n for_o in_o his_o study_n he_o have_v run_v through_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o schoolman_n and_o among_o they_o be_v a_o profess_a follower_n of_o occam_n by_o read_v who_o work_v and_o other_o that_o live_v about_o the_o same_o time_n or_o not_o long_o before_o such_o as_o bradwardine_n marsilius_n gulielmus_fw-la de_fw-la sancto_fw-la amore_fw-la abelardus_n armachanus_fw-la and_o the_o learned_a grosthead_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n god_n give_v he_o grace_n to_o see_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o gospel_n and_o by_o see_v it_o to_o loath_a superstition_n and_o popery_n by_o occam_n and_o marsilius_n he_o be_v inform_v of_o the_o pope_n intrusion_n and_o usurpation_n upon_o king_n their_o crown_n and_o dignity_n of_o gul._n de_fw-fr s._n amore_n and_o armachanus_fw-la he_o learn_v the_o sundry_a abuse_n of_o the_o monk_n and_o friar_n in_o uphold_v this_o usurp_v power_n by_o abelard_n and_o other_o he_o get_v a_o prospect_n of_o the_o right_a faith_n touch_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n by_o bradwardine_n he_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o true_a sole_a justify_v faith_n against_o merit-monger_n and_o pardoner_n pelagian_n etc._n etc._n final_o by_o peruse_v grosthead'_v work_n in_o which_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o conversant_a he_o descry_v the_o pope_n to_o be_v antichrist_n by_o hinder_v the_o preach_a of_o the_o gospel_n and_o place_v unfit_a man_n in_o the_o church_n only_o to_o support_v his_o own_o tyranny_n and_o be_v thus_o enlighten_v his_o zeal_n to_o truth_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o conceal_v his_o candle_n under_o a_o bushel_n and_o therefore_o those_o that_o assign_v his_o be_v deprive_v of_o a_o benefice_n in_o oxford_n to_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o first_o spread_v his_o opinion_n and_o will_v attribute_v all_o to_o resentment_n and_o revenge_n speak_v either_o rash_o or_o malicious_o no_o such_o provocation_n be_v so_o much_o as_o mention_v by_o author_n of_o best_a credit_n to_o occasion_v his_o preach_n against_o the_o corruptious_a of_o the_o time_n nor_o be_v it_o likely_a that_o he_o will_v have_v so_o inveigh_v against_o clergy-covetousness_n and_o pride_n if_o they_o can_v have_v retort_v on_o he_o any_o such_o cause_n of_o his_o discontent_n or_o how_o can_v we_o but_o imagine_v that_o if_o he_o have_v affect_v any_o such_o small_a business_n as_o the_o headship_n of_o canterbury_n college_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n who_o be_v his_o great_a patron_n can_v have_v help_v he_o to_o it_o for_o indeed_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o learning_n his_o unwearied_a diligence_n in_o preach_v and_o write_v together_o with_o his_o pious_a exemplary_a life_n procure_v he_o many_o disciple_n among_o the_o people_n and_o several_a favourer_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o he_o just_o oppose_v the_o ambition_n and_o avarice_n of_o the_o clergy_n a_o theme_n no_o less_o grateful_a than_o necessary_a for_o the_o temporal_a statesman_n already_o find_v it_o to_o be_v a_o insufferable_a grievance_n though_o they_o want_v skill_n or_o courage_n to_o abate_v it_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o though_o a_o great_a doter_n on_o ecclesiastic_n be_v suppose_v not_o to_o have_v be_v his_o enemy_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o pious_a duke_n of_o lancaster_n so_o our_o author_n knyghton_n always_o call_v he_o and_o several_a of_o the_o noble_n be_v much_o his_o friend_n and_o protector_n against_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o prelate_n for_o wickliff_n be_v in_o king_n edward_n day_n cite_v to_o answer_n before_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o bishop_n of_o london_n and_o other_o in_o paul_n the_o say_a duke_n and_o sir_n henry_n piercy_n lord_n marshal_n be_v please_v to_o attend_v he_o thither_o and_o will_v needs_o have_v he_o sit_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o court_n allege_v he_o have_v much_o to_o answer_v and_o therefore_o need_v convenient_a ease_n which_o favour_n the_o bishop_n of_o london_n refuse_v to_o grant_v hard_a word_n arise_v between_o the_o temporal_a and_o spiritual_a lord_n insomuch_o that_o the_o duke_n threaten_v he_o will_v pull_v down_o the_o pride_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o contest_v wickliff_n for_o the_o present_a get_v off_o and_o little_o be_v do_v against_o he_o but_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n richard_n reign_n the_o pope_n send_v a_o bull_n to_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n upbraid_v they_o with_o suffer_v and_o countenance_v wickliff_n and_o his_o doctrine_n and_o charge_v they_o on_o pain_n of_o be_v deprive_v of_o all_o their_o privilege_n and_o indulgence_n that_o they_o shall_v no_o long_o tolerate_v the_o same_o but_o the_o head_n of_o the_o university_n be_v so_o well_o satisfy_v with_o wickliffe_n integrity_n that_o they_o be_v at_o a_o stand_n whether_o they_o shall_v receive_v the_o say_a bull_n or_o reject_v it_o with_o contempt_n however_o the_o pope_n ply_v both_o the_o king_n and_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n of_o london_n
with_o several_a other_o letter_n and_o bull_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n so_o that_o at_o last_o wickliff_n be_v again_o convene_v before_o they_o but_o on_o the_o day_n assign_v for_o his_o examination_n sir_n lewis_n clifford_n come_v into_o their_o court_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o princess_n joan_n the_o king_n mother_n peremptory_o command_v they_o to_o proceed_v no_o further_o in_o that_o affair_n with_o which_o be_v terrify_v they_o desist_v their_o prosecution_n and_o once_o more_o he_o get_v out_o of_o their_o clutch_n but_o now_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a article_n offer_v to_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n the_o bishop_n soon_o after_o summon_v he_o again_o before_o they_o but_o whether_o he_o appear_v or_o not_o be_v uncertain_a however_o they_o proceed_v against_o the_o opinion_n and_o conclusion_n follow_v as_o his_o which_o as_o they_o be_v relate_v by_o the_o historian_n of_o those_o time_n i_o shall_v recite_v some_o of_o they_o be_v brand_v as_o heresy_n other_o only_o as_o error_n viz._n heresy_n i._n that_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n or_o wine_n remain_v after_o consecration_n in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n heresy_n ii_o that_o accident_n do_v not_o remain_v without_o a_o subject_a after_o consecration_n in_o the_o same_o sacrament_n heresy_n iii_o that_o christ_n be_v not_o in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n identical_o true_o and_o real_o in_o his_o proper_a corporal_n person_n heresy_n iu._n that_o if_o a_o bishop_n or_o priest_n while_o he_o be_v in_o mortal_a sin_n shall_v ordain_v consecrate_v or_o baptise_v it_o will_v be_v nothing_o available_a note_n this_o be_v false_o charge_v wickliffe_n word_n whence_o this_o be_v wrest_v be_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr veritate_fw-la scriptuâ—arum_fw-la p._n 138._o nisi_fw-la â—hristianu_fw-la etc._n etc._n unless_o the_o christian_a priest_n be_v unite_v unto_o christ_n by_o grace_n christ_n can_v be_v his_o saviour_n neither_o can_v he_o speak_v the_o sacramental_a word_n without_o lie_v licet_fw-la proâ—â—â—t_fw-la câ—pacibu_fw-la though_o yet_o they_o be_v profitable_a to_o fit_a receiver_n which_o last_o clause_n they_o spiteful_o omit_v heresy_n v._n that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v due_o contrite_a all_o outward_a confession_n be_v superfluous_a and_o to_o he_o unprofitable_a heresy_n vi._n that_o he_o have_v obstinate_o assert_v that_o it_o be_v not_o found_v in_o the_o gospel_n that_o christ_n ordain_v the_o mass._n heresy_n vii_o that_o god_n ought_v to_o obey_v the_o devil_n this_o position_n the_o devil_n himself_o will_v scarce_o dare_v to_o utter_v much_o less_o this_o godly_a man_n who_o on_o the_o quite_o contrary_a in_o his_o comment_n on_o the_o psalm_n p._n 112_o say_v the_o devil_n be_v clepid_a god_n angel_n for_o he_o may_v do_v nothing_o but_o at_o god_n suffering_n and_o serve_v god_n in_o torment_v sinful_a man_n it_o be_v true_a in_o his_o book_n against_o the_o friar_n cap._n 28_o he_o complain_v of_o their_o blasphemy_n in_o accuse_v the_o holy_a scripture_n of_o falsehood_n which_o say_v he_o be_v to_o put_v falseness_n upon_o god_n himself_o who_o be_v the_o author_n thereof_o and_o yet_o they_o will_v have_v in_o believe_v what_o they_o themselves_o say_v be_v true_a alas_o say_v he_o who_o may_v suffer_v this_o blasphemy_n that_o christ_n in_o who_o be_v all_o treasure_n of_o wit_n wisdom_n and_o truth_n can_v not_o or_o will_v not_o say_v true_a word_n and_o sentence_n but_o yet_o sinful_a fool_n have_v true_a manner_n of_o speak_v contrary_a to_o the_o speech_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n for_o if_o this_o be_v sinful_a fool_n yea_o devil_n of_o hell_n be_v wise_a &_o tâ—uer_a than_o jesus_n christ._n from_o these_o word_n or_o some_o such_o argument_n ab_fw-la abâ—urdo_fw-la against_o they_o that_o which_o he_o prove_v to_o be_v their_o wicked_a consequence_n they_o make_v his_o doctrine_n just_a as_o if_o one_o shall_v charge_v david_n with_o assert_v there_o be_v no_o god_n leave_v out_o the_o fool_n have_v say_v in_o his_o heart_n heresy_n viii_o that_o if_o the_o pope_n be_v a_o wicked_a man_n and_o consequent_o a_o member_n of_o the_o devil_n than_o he_o have_v no_o power_n give_v he_o over_o faithful_a christian_n by_o any_o unless_o perhaps_o by_o caesar._n heresy_n ix_o that_o after_o vrban_n the_o six_o pope_n at_o that_o time_n none_o aught_o to_o be_v choose_v pope_n but_o we_o ought_v to_o live_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o greek_n under_o our_o own_o law_n error_n law_n 1._o that_o no_o prelate_n ought_v to_o excommunicate_v any_o unless_o first_o he_o know_v such_o person_n to_o be_v excommunicate_v of_o god_n 2._o that_o if_o any_o shall_v otherwise_o excommunicate_v he_o thereby_o become_v a_o heretic_n or_o excommunicate_v person_n himself_o 3._o that_o a_o prelate_n excommunicate_v a_o clerk_n that_o have_v appeal_v to_o the_o king_n and_o council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v thereby_o a_o traitor_n to_o god_n the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n 4._o that_o those_o who_o forbear_v to_o preach_v or_o hear_v the_o word_n of_o god_n or_o the_o gospel_n for_o the_o excommunication_n of_o man_n be_v excommunicate_v and_o at_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n shall_v be_v account_v traitor_n to_o god_n intend_v 5._o that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o scripture_n that_o person_n ecclesiastical_a shall_v have_v temporal_a possession_n 6._o that_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o any_o deacon_n or_o presbyter_n to_o preach_v the_o word_n of_o god_n without_o authority_n from_o the_o pope_n or_o any_o catholic_n bishop_n heresy_n 7._o that_o none_o whilst_o in_o mortal_a sin_n be_v to_o be_v account_v a_o bishop_n or_o prelate_n 8._o that_o temporal_a lord_n may_v at_o their_o pleasure_n take_v away_o temporal_a good_n from_o the_o church_n habitual_o offend_v 9_o that_o tithe_n be_v pure_a alm_n and_o parishioner_n may_v for_o the_o sin_n of_o their_o curate_n detain_v the_o same_o and_o confer_v they_o at_o their_o pleasure_n upon_o other_o 10._o that_o special_a prayer_n apply_v by_o prelate_n or_o religious_a person_n to_o one_o particular_a person_n do_v not_o more_o profit_v he_o than_o general_a prayer_n all_o thing_n else_o be_v equal_a 11._o that_o any_o one_o enter_v into_o any_o private_a religion_n be_v thereby_o render_v more_o unapt_a and_o incapable_a of_o observe_v the_o commandment_n of_o god_n 12._o that_o holy_a man_n that_o institute_v private_a order_n of_o religion_n whether_o of_o mendicant_n or_o such_o as_o be_v endow_v with_o possession_n do_v sin_n in_o so_o do_v 13._o that_o those_o call_v religious_a live_v in_o private_a order_n of_o religion_n be_v not_o of_o the_o christian_a religion_n 14._o that_o friar_n mendicant_a be_v bind_v to_o live_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o their_o hand_n and_o not_o to_o get_v their_o live_n by_o beg_v 15._o that_o friar_n beg_v after_o their_o sermon_n do_v thereby_o incur_v the_o crime_n of_o simony_n and_o all_o that_o bestow_v alm_n on_o they_o be_v excommunicate_a as_o well_o the_o giver_n as_o receiver_n about_o these_o position_n the_o bishop_n first_o meet_v at_o oxford_n where_o they_o have_v take_v such_o impression_n that_o riggs_n the_o vicechancellor_n and_o many_o other_o have_v embrace_v they_o and_o after_o that_o at_o the_o grayfriar_n london_n on_o the_o seventeen_o of_o may_n 1382._o on_o which_o day_n after_o dinner_n about_o two_o a_o clock_n just_a as_o they_o be_v go_v to_o proceed_v in_o this_o business_n happen_v a_o wonderful_a and_o terrible_a earthquake_n throughout_o all_o england_n whereupon_o divers_a of_o the_o suffragans_fw-la be_v affright_v will_v have_v desist_v but_o the_o archbishop_n otherwise_o interpret_n the_o omen_n they_o go_v on_o and_o at_o last_o solemn_o condemn_v all_o the_o say_a proposition_n there_o be_v present_a eight_o bishop_n nineteen_o monk_n and_o friar_n fourteen_o doctor_n of_o law_n and_o six_o bachelor_n of_o divinity_n however_o mr._n wickliff_n himself_o 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to_o recover_v that_o kingdom_n belong_v to_o he_o in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n which_o be_v grant_v and_o forty_o thousand_o mark_n promise_v he_o for_o his_o aid_n therein_o and_o according_o on_o easter-day_n he_o come_v to_o take_v his_o leave_n of_o their_o majesty_n the_o king_n command_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v style_v king_n of_o spain_n present_v he_o with_o a_o crown_n of_o gold_n as_o the_o quen_n do_v another_o to_o her_o sister_n a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o youthful_a nobility_n and_o gentry_n attend_v the_o duke_n in_o this_o voyage_n who_o have_v match_v one_o of_o his_o daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n with_o joint_a force_n invade_v castille_n and_o take_v many_o strong_a town_n but_o at_o last_o on_o a_o treaty_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n elder_a son_n shall_v marry_v katherine_n another_o of_o the_o duke_n daughter_n and_o the_o duke_n receive_v two_o hundâ—red_n thousand_o noble_n in_o hand_n and_o the_o sâ—m_n of_o 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though_o never_o so_o religious_a be_v not_o to_o be_v play_v over_o twice_o in_o one_o age._n the_o year_n 1386_o â—illed_v england_n with_o great_a consternation_n and_o frequent_a alarm_n by_o mean_n of_o a_o invasion_n threaten_v by_o the_o french_a who_o have_v prepare_v above_o twelve_o hundred_o sail_n of_o ship_n and_o a_o mighty_a army_n on_o that_o design_n which_o lie_v â—overing_v on_o the_o coast_n daily_o wait_v a_o opportunity_n to_o pass_v the_o channel_n and_o the_o better_a to_o secure_v their_o man_n at_o their_o first_o land_v in_o england_n they_o have_v frame_v a_o wonderful_a wall_n of_o wood_n three_o mile_n in_o length_n of_o great_a thickness_n and_o twenty_o foot_n high_a with_o which_o they_o will_v have_v enclose_v their_o camp_n but_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o lord_n beauchamp_n captain_n of_o calais_n take_v three_o of_o their_o ship_n lade_v with_o part_n of_o the_o say_a enclosure_n which_o king_n richard_n cause_v to_o be_v set_v up_o about_o 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tho._n duke_n of_o gloucester_n rich._n earl_n of_o arundel_n tho._n earl_n of_o warwick_n have_v be_v by_o certain_a person_n who_o little_o understand_v the_o truth_n of_o affair_n defame_a as_o traitor_n to_o we_o and_o our_o kingdom_n we_o therefore_o have_v as_o become_v we_o with_o the_o high_a deliberation_n and_o great_a diligence_n weigh_v the_o cause_n of_o such_o scandal_n and_o most_o diligent_o to_o our_o utmost_a power_n search_v to_o the_o bottom_n for_o the_o truth_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o our_o council_n do_v not_o find_v any_o thing_n do_v or_o act_v by_o they_o worthy_a of_o the_o blot_n of_o suspicion_n much_o less_o any_o scruple_n of_o evidence_n of_o their_o be_v guilty_a whereupon_o we_o have_v decree_v to_o declare_v the_o say_a defamation_n to_o be_v false_a unjust_a wicked_a and_o whole_o void_a of_o all_o truth_n and_o we_o do_v testify_v the_o say_a duke_n and_o earl_n to_o be_v worthy_a of_o good_a fame_n and_o innocent_a and_o not_o so_o much_o as_o suspect_v of_o any_o crime_n and_o as_o much_o as_o in_o we_o lie_v and_o as_o we_o be_v able_a we_o will_v approve_v and_o maintain_v they_o so_o to_o be_v and_o do_v take_v they_o hence-forwards_a into_o our_o special_a protection_n farthermore_o we_o be_v willing_a to_o make_v know_v to_o all_o person_n by_o these_o present_n who_o be_v their_o defamer_n viz._n alexander_n archbishop_n of_o york_n robert_z duke_z of_o ireland_n michael_n earl_n of_o suffolk_n robert_n tresylyen_n our_o chief_a justice_n and_o nicholas_n brembre_v of_o london_n kt._n who_o also_o we_o take_v into_o our_o protection_n that_o they_o may_v answer_v whatever_o shall_v be_v object_v against_o they_o in_o our_o next_o parliament_n command_v that_o none_o on_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o shall_v either_o to_o they_o or_o the_o forename_a lord_n open_o or_o secret_o offer_v any_o kind_n of_o disturbance_n grievance_n or_o obedience_n till_o such_o prefix_a time_n of_o our_o parliament_n but_o for_o all_o these_o fair_a word_n the_o popular_a lord_n know_v the_o king_n mutability_n and_o as_o well_o the_o influence_n those_o his_o ill_a counsellor_n have_v over_o he_o as_o their_o malice_n and_o perfidiousness_n think_v it_o the_o safe_a course_n not_o to_o separate_v themselves_o but_o with_o a_o vigilant_a eye_n to_o observe_v the_o motion_n of_o affair_n the_o duke_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o rest_n accuse_v do_v not_o appear_v with_o the_o king_n at_o this_o meeting_n and_o it_o be_v their_o wise_a course_n to_o be_v absent_a for_o it_o be_v believe_v the_o king_n presence_n will_v scarce_o have_v be_v able_a to_o protect_v they_o nor_o have_v they_o any_o mind_n to_o hazard_v themselves_o on_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n but_o rather_o resolve_v if_o they_o can_v to_o secure_v themselves_o by_o arms._n to_o which_o purpose_n the_o duke_n of_o ireland_n be_v all_o this_o while_n raise_v of_o man_n in_o cheshire_n and_o wales_n either_o by_o the_o king_n commission_n or_o connivance_n and_o that_o it_o be_v more_o than_o the_o latter_a may_v just_o be_v suspect_v because_o when_o he_o have_v make_v considerable_a levy_n the_o king_n command_v thomas_n molineux_n a_o man_n of_o great_a courage_n and_o conduct_n constable_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o chester_n to_o accompany_v and_o safe_o conduct_v the_o say_a duke_n with_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v make_v to_o his_o majesty_n presence_n the_o adverse_a lord_n be_v advertise_v of_o these_o preparation_n and_o that_o they_o be_v upon_o their_o march_n beset_v the_o way_n by_o which_o the_o duke_n shall_v pass_v to_o london_n resolve_v to_o encounter_v he_o before_o he_o shall_v have_v increase_v his_o power_n and_o countenance_v his_o action_n with_o the_o name_n and_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n according_o henry_n earl_n of_o derby_n son_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o laneaster_n meet_v they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v babbelakâ—_n near_o burfâ—rd_n in_o oxfordshire_n who_o the_o duke_n no_o soon_o see_v but_o contrary_a to_o the_o resolution_n of_o most_o of_o those_o that_o be_v with_o he_o he_o prepare_v for_o flight_n however_o molineux_n prevail_v with_o he_o to_o join_v battle_n but_o scarce_o ten_o ounce_n of_o blood_n be_v lose_v on_o both_o side_n before_o the_o duke_n who_o have_v be_v so_o good_a at_o raise_v quarrel_n show_v himself_o as_o bad_a at_o stint_v they_o and_o set_v spur_n to_o his_o hâ—rse_n and_o forsake_v the_o field_n whereby_o all_o his_o man_n be_v dishearten_v and_o sir_n thomas_n molineux_n slay_v the_o earl_n of_o derby_n obtain_v a_o cheap_a but_o entire_a victory_n allay_v with_o nothing_o but_o the_o escape_n of_o ireland_n who_o have_v mount_v a_o fleet_n nag_n and_o be_v to_o pass_v a_o river_n cast_v away_o both_o gauntlet_n and_o sword_n to_o be_v the_o light_a and_o so_o swim_v over_o and_o get_v first_o into_o holland_n
not_o out_o of_o a_o picque_n to_o airy_a particular_a person_n but_o out_o of_o compassion_n for_o so_o public_a grievance_n and_o zealous_a duty_n to_o his_o sovereign_n and_o therefore_o desire_v the_o say_a duke_n that_o he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o king_n cabinet-council_n will_v be_v please_v to_o discover_v unto_o his_o majesty_n these_o enormity_n and_o danger_n that_o by_o remove_v the_o one_o he_o may_v happy_o prevent_v the_o other_o to_o these_o or_o some_o such_o discourse_n the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n seem_v much_o to_o adhere_v assure_v hereford_n that_o in_o these_o apprehension_n he_o have_v but_o copy_v his_o own_o thought_n and_o seem_v not_o only_o to_o approve_v of_o what_o he_o say_v but_o promise_v to_o improve_v his_o interest_n towards_o a_o regulation_n of_o the_o matter_n complain_v of_o and_o perhaps_o have_v the_o word_n be_v afterward_o by_o he_o but_o as_o faithful_o relate_v and_o by_o the_o king_n as_o candid_o take_v as_o they_o be_v free_o and_o 〈◊〉_d intend_v many_o mischief_n may_v have_v be_v avoid_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o be_v malicious_o misrecited_n and_o much_o misconstrued_n for_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n have_v former_o side_v with_o the_o lord_n yet_o it_o seem_v preferment_n have_v take_v he_o off_o and_o he_o be_v now_o become_v whole_o addict_v to_o humour_v the_o king_n and_o therefore_o to_o sâ—rue_v himself_o yet_o further_o into_o favour_n acquaint_v he_o with_o these_o complaint_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o hereford_n but_o so_o exaggreat_v and_o intermix_v with_o reflective_a addition_n that_o the_o king_n be_v high_o incense_v and_o call_v hereford_n before_o he_o charge_v he_o therewith_o who_o deny_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o and_o nâ—rfolk_n as_o stout_o assert_v it_o the_o former_a challenge_v the_o latter_a to_o the_o combat_n who_o ready_o accept_v thereof_o which_o at_o last_o the_o king_n allow_v assign_v coventry_n the_o place_n and_o august_n follow_v for_o the_o time_n of_o decision_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o much_o material_a to_o our_o history_n yet_o to_o gratify_v the_o vulgar_a reader_n curiosity_n it_o will_v perhaps_o be_v no_o unwelcome_a digression_n to_o relate_v the_o formality_n of_o the_o intend_a duel_n between_o these_o two_o puissant_a peer_n on_o the_o day_n therefore_o appoint_v each_o of_o they_o attend_v with_o a_o splendid_a and_o numerous_a retinue_n appear_v the_o duke_n of_o albemâ—rlâ—_n be_v pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la make_v high_a constable_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o surry_n high_a marshal_n who_o come_v to_o the_o list_n honourable_o attend_v with_o rich_a livery_n suitable_a to_o their_o greatness_n each_o of_o their_o servant_n carry_v tipstaff_n for_o clear_v the_o field_n where_o first_o the_o duke_n of_o hereford_n as_o challenger_n mount_v on_o a_o white_a courser_n in_o caparison_n of_o green_n and_o blue_a velvet_n embroider_a thick_a with_o swan_n and_o antilope_n arm_a cap-a-pe_n with_o his_o sword_n draw_v approach_v the_o list_n of_o who_o the_o marshal_n demand_v who_o he_o be_v receive_v this_o answer_n i_o be_o henry_n of_o lancaster_n duke_n of_o hereford_n that_o be_o come_v hither_o to_o do_v my_o devoir_n against_o thomas_n mowbray_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n as_o a_o false_a traitor_n to_o god_n the_o king_n the_o realm_n and_o i_o and_o then_o take_v his_o oath_n that_o his_o qurrel_n be_v true_a and_o just_a desire_a liberty_n to_o enter_v the_o list_n which_o be_v grant_v he_o put_v up_o his_o sword_n pull_v down_o his_o beaver_n sign_v himself_o on_o the_o forehead_n with_o the_o cross_n take_v his_o spear_n and_o pass_v the_o barrier_n dismount_v and_o sit_v down_o in_o a_o chair_n of_o green_a velvet_n place_v in_o a_o travers_n of_o green_n and_o blue_a velvet_n at_o one_o end_n of_o the_o list_n then_o king_n richard_n enter_v the_o field_n with_o great_a pomp_n accompany_v with_o the_o earl_n of_o s._n paul_n who_o come_v out_o of_o france_n on_o purpose_n to_o be_v a_o spectator_n of_o the_o combat_n and_o attend_v with_o most_o of_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n and_o a_o guard_n of_o ten_o thousand_o man_n in_o arm_n to_o prevent_v any_o sudden_a tumult_n or_o disorder_n his_o majesty_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o chair_n of_o state_n one_o of_o the_o king_n at_o arm_n make_v proclamation_n that_o none_o but_o such_o as_o be_v appoint_v to_o marshal_v the_o field_n shall_v touch_v any_o part_n of_o the_o list_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n which_o end_v another_o herald_n cry_v behold_v here_o henry_n of_o lancaster_n duke_z of_o hereford_z appellant_n who_o be_v enter_v into_o the_o royal_a list_n to_o do_v his_o devoir_n against_o thomas_n mowbray_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n upon_o pain_n of_o be_v count_v false_a and_o recreant_a immediate_o upon_o this_o appear_v the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n brave_o mount_v his_o horse_n barb_a with_o crimson-velvet_n embroider_v with_o lion_n of_o silver_n and_o mulberry_n tree_n proper_a and_o have_v take_v a_o like_a oath_n before_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n that_o his_o quarrel_n be_v right_o and_o just_a enter_v the_o field_n cry_v aloud_o god_n aid_v the_o right_n and_o then_o light_v from_o his_o horse_n place_v himself_o in_o a_o chair_n of_o crimson_a velvet_n opposite_a to_o hereford_n at_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o list_n the_o marshal_n view_v their_o spear_n to_o see_v that_o they_o be_v of_o equal_a length_n and_o carry_v the_o one_o himself_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o hereford_n and_o send_v the_o other_o by_o a_o knight_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n this_o do_v proclamation_n be_v make_v to_o mount_v and_o address_v themselves_o to_o the_o combat_n upon_o which_o the_o duke_n instant_o mount_v their_o horse_n close_v their_o beaver_n cast_v their_o spear_n into_o their_o rest_n when_o the_o trumpet_n sound_v and_o the_o duke_n of_o hereford_n put_v his_o horse_n forward_o but_o before_o norfolk_n stir_v the_o king_n cast_v down_o his_o warder_n and_o the_o herald_n cry_v stay_v stay_v then_o the_o king_n cause_v the_o spear_n to_o be_v take_v from_o they_o they_o return_v to_o their_o chair_n whilst_o he_o retire_v to_o council_n to_o debate_v what_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v do_v in_o so_o weighty_a a_o cause_n where_o after_o two_o hour_n debate_v their_o doom_n be_v agree_v upon_o without_o fight_v and_o one_o sir_n john_n bouray_n by_o the_o king_n command_n after_o silence_n proclaim_v read_v their_o sentence_n which_o be_v thus_o that_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o duke_n appellant_n and_o defendant_n have_v honourable_o appear_v in_o the_o list_v royal_a and_o be_v not_o only_o ready_a but_o forward_a to_o entertain_v the_o combat_n therefore_o it_o be_v a_o affair_n of_o great_a consequence_n for_o avoid_v the_o effusion_n of_o christian_a blood_n the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n have_v decree_v that_o henry_n duke_n of_o hereford_n shall_v within_o 15_o day_n depart_v the_o realm_n not_o to_o return_v within_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o year_n on_o pain_n of_o death_n without_o the_o king_n special_a licence_n and_o after_o a_o second_o proclamation_n sentence_n of_o banishment_n be_v also_o read_v against_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n but_o with_o these_o several_a aggravation_n first_o that_o the_o same_o be_v for_o life_n second_o that_o the_o cause_n thereof_o be_v express_v to_o be_v for_o have_v urter_v seditious_a word_n whereof_o he_o can_v not_o produce_v any_o proof_n and_o three_o it_o be_v add_v as_o part_v of_o his_o further_a punishment_n that_o the_o â—ing_n shall_v receive_v the_o revenue_n of_o his_o land_n until_o he_o be_v satisfy_v all_o such_o sum_n of_o money_n as_o the_o say_a duke_n have_v take_v out_o of_o the_o king_n coffer_n on_o pretence_n of_o pay_v the_o garrison_n of_o calais_n and_o further_o it_o be_v proclaim_v that_o no_o person_n from_o thenceforth_o shall_v presume_v to_o petition_v or_o intercede_v with_o the_o king_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o either_o of_o these_o duke_n to_o alter_v this_o sentence_n on_o pain_n of_o his_o majesty_n high_a displeasure_n which_o be_v so_o declare_v the_o king_n call_v they_o both_o before_o he_o and_o take_v of_o they_o a_o solemn_a oath_n that_o they_o shall_v never_o converse_v together_o beyond_o the_o sea_n nor_o willing_o come_v into_o each_o other_o company_n the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n soon_o after_o in_o great_a grief_n and_o trouble_n of_o mind_n depart_v into_o germany_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o venice_n where_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o die_v with_o sorrow_n leave_v this_o cautionary_a lesson_n to_o all_o courtier_n that_o greatness_n abuse_v by_o whisper_a untruth_n draw_v if_o discover_v certainty_n of_o destruction_n and_o observable_a it_o be_v that_o his_o banishment_n be_v pronunce_v on_o the_o very_a day_n twelve_o month_n on_o which_o the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n have_v by_o his_o order_n be_v murder_v at_o calais_n so_o
and_o have_v some_o private_a discourse_n with_o the_o archbishop_n after_o a_o small_a space_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n himself_o all_o arm_a approach_v the_o castle_n and_o be_v within_o the_o first_o gate_n he_o there_o repose_v himself_o till_o the_o king_n attend_v with_o the_o bishop_n of_o carlisle_n the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n and_o sir_n stephen_n scroop_n who_o bear_v the_o sword_n before_o he_o come_v forth_o and_o sit_v down_o in_o a_o place_n prepare_v for_o he_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o duke_n see_v his_o majesty_n he_o come_v towards_o he_o bow_v his_o knee_n and_o advance_v forward_o do_v so_o a_o second_o and_o a_o three_o time_n and_o then_o the_o king_n take_v he_o by_o the_o hand_n and_o lift_v he_o up_o say_v dear_a cousin_n thou_o be_v welcome_a the_o duke_n humble_o thank_v he_o answer_v my_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o king_n the_o cause_n of_o my_o come_n at_o this_o present_a be_v your_o honour_n save_v to_o have_v restitution_n of_o my_o person_n my_o land_n and_o inheritance_n to_o which_o the_o king_n reply_v dear_a cousin_n i_o be_o ready_a to_o accomplish_v your_o will_n so_o that_o you_o may_v enjoy_v all_o that_o be_v you_o without_o exception_n after_o this_o come_n forth_o of_o the_o castle_n the_o king_n call_v for_o wine_n and_o have_v drink_v they_o mount_v and_o rod_n to_o chester_n and_o so_o by_o several_a stage_n he_o be_v carry_v direct_o and_o with_o great_a expedition_n to_o london_n and_o lodge_v on_o pretence_n of_o state_n but_o in_o truth_n for_o better_a security_n in_o the_o tower_n have_v not_o in_o all_o that_o journey_n change_v his_o apparel_n but_o wear_v only_o one_o suit_n and_o that_o but_o a_o ordinary_a one_o whereas_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v extraordinary_a profuse_a in_o his_o clothes_n have_v one_o coat_n value_v at_o thirty_o thousand_o mark_n the_o king_n yield_v himself_o the_o thirty_o day_n of_o august_n be_v but_o the_o seven_o and_o forty_o day_n after_o the_o duke_n arrival_n in_o england_n so_o that_o he_o may_v well_o assume_v caesar_n motto_n veni_fw-la vidi_n vici_fw-la for_o consider_v his_o march_n from_o holderness_n in_o the_o north_n up_o to_o london_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o bristol_n and_o so_o into_o wales_n and_o back_o again_o to_o chester_n a_o man_n can_v scarce_o travel_v over_o so_o much_o ground_n in_o the_o space_n that_o he_o conquer_a it_o nay_o so_o indulgent_a be_v fortune_n to_o he_o that_o all_o the_o king_n jewel_n and_o treasure_n amount_v as_o a_o late_a author_n assert_n to_o seven_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n with_o his_o horse_n and_o baggage_n fall_v into_o his_o hand_n the_o king_n be_v thus_o safe_o lodge_v in_o the_o tower_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n but_o in_o king_n richard_n name_n cause_v writ_n to_o be_v issue_v forth_o for_o summon_v and_o choose_v a_o parliament_n to_o be_v hold_v at_o westminster_n on_o the_o last_o day_n of_o september_n follow_v and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n consult_v with_o his_o near_a kindred_n and_o friend_n how_o to_o steer_v his_o proceed_n so_o as_o to_o bring_v his_o affair_n by_o prudence_n to_o a_o lucky_a end_n which_o have_v hitherto_o even_o beyond_o his_o hope_n be_v favour_v by_o fortune_n in_o order_n to_o which_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n who_o but_o a_o little_a before_o have_v be_v governor_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o the_o king_n but_o now_o his_o the_o say_a lancaster_n great_a director_n must_v be_v his_o best_a oracle_n who_o after_o divers_a debate_n propose_v it_o as_o very_o expedient_a that_o king_n richard_n shall_v both_o voluntary_o resign_v and_o also_o be_v solemn_o depose_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o otherwise_o resignation_n will_v be_v impute_v only_o to_o his_o fear_n and_o deprivation_n only_o to_o their_o force_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v always_o apt_a to_o move_v pity_n and_o the_o other_o stir_v up_o envy_n but_o if_o both_o concur_v and_o his_o desire_n be_v combine_v with_o his_o desert_n be_v willing_a to_o forsake_v that_o which_o he_o be_v adjudge_v worthy_a to_o forfeit_v than_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o he_o be_v neither_o expel_v his_o kingdom_n by_o mere_a constraint_n nor_o leave_v it_o without_o just_a cause_n this_o advice_n be_v general_o approve_v and_o according_o pursue_v a_o solemn_a renunciation_n be_v tender_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o by_o he_o sign_v on_o michaelmas_n day_n then_o next_o follow_v be_v the_o day_n before_o the_o parliament_n be_v to_o meet_v the_o word_n order_n and_o ceremony_n whereof_o and_o of_o the_o article_n exhibit_v against_o he_o and_o his_o deposition_n thereupon_o follow_v in_o parliament_n appear_v in_o the_o record_n thereof_o remain_v in_o the_o tower_n authentic_a and_o attest_v copy_n wherefore_o be_v print_v in_o the_o book_n entitle_v historiae_fw-la anglicanae_n scriptores_fw-la decem_fw-la beginning_n col._n 2743._o from_o whence_o the_o same_o be_v word_n for_o word_n translate_v as_o follow_v the_o roll_n of_o parliament_n summon_v and_o hold_v at_o westminster_n in_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n fide_fw-la the_o virgin_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o after_o the_o conquest_n membrane_n the_o 20_o the_o record_n and_o process_n of_o the_o renunciation_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o after_o the_o conquest_n and_o likewise_o the_o acceptance_n of_o the_o same_o renunciation_n with_o the_o deposition_n of_o the_o same_o king_n richard_n afterward_o ensue_v be_v it_o remember_v that_o on_o monday_n the_o feast_n of_o s._n michael_n the_o archangel_n in_o the_o three_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o other_o person_n of_o note_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o lord_n richard_n le_z scroop_z archbishop_n of_o york_n john_n bishop_n of_o hereford_n henry_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n and_o ralph_n earl_n of_o westmor_n land_n the_o lord_n hugh_n le_fw-fr burnel_n thomas_n lord_n de_fw-fr berkley_n prior_n of_o canterbury_n and_o abbot_n of_o westminster_n william_n thyrn_a knight_n and_o john_n markham_n justice_n thomas_z stow_z and_o john_n burbache_n doctor_n of_o law_n thomas_n de_fw-fr erpingham_n and_o thomas_n grace_n knight_n william_n de_fw-fr feryby_n and_o dionysius_n lapham_n public_a notary_n first_o depute_v to_o the_o act_n under_o write_v by_o the_o assent_n and_o advice_n of_o several_a of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o of_o the_o judge_n and_o other_o skilful_a as_o well_o in_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n as_o in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n assemble_v at_o westminster_n in_o the_o usual_a place_n of_o council_n do_v about_o nine_o of_o the_o clock_n come_v to_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o say_a king_n be_v within_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o it_o be_v recite_v before_o the_o say_a king_n by_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n before_o name_v so_o as_o aforesaid_a join_v with_o he_o how_o the_o say_a king_n heretofore_o at_o coneway_n in_o north-wales_n be_v at_o liberty_n do_v promise_n unto_o the_o lord_n thomas_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n that_o he_o will_v yield_v up_o and_o renounce_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o france_n and_o his_o regal_a majesty_n for_o cause_n of_o his_o inability_n and_o insufficiency_n there_o by_o the_o say_a king_n himself_o confess_v and_o that_o in_o the_o best_a manner_n and_o form_n as_o the_o same_o can_v be_v do_v as_o council_n learned_a shall_v best_o order_v the_o say_a king_n before_o the_o say_a lord_n and_o other_o above_o name_v hereunto_o benign_o answer_v that_o he_o will_v with_o effect_n accomplish_v what_o before_o in_o that_o behalf_n he_o have_v promise_v but_o desire_v to_o have_v some_o discourse_n with_o his_o cousin_n henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o the_o say_a lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 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there_o present_a do_v public_o say_v before_o they_o that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o make_v the_o renunciation_n and_o to_o renounce_v and_o recede_v according_a to_o the_o promise_n by_o he_o make_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o so_o forthwith_o although_o as_o be_v say_v unto_o he_o he_o may_v have_v make_v some_o deputy_n to_o have_v serve_v as_o the_o organ_n of_o his_o voice_n for_o avoid_v so_o tedious_a a_o labour_n as_o the_o read_n of_o the_o say_a session_n and_o renunciation_n reduce_v by_o other_o into_o a_o schedule_n of_o parchment_n yet_o the_o say_a king_n very_o willing_o as_o appear_v and_o with_o a_o pleasant_a countenance_n hold_v the_o say_a schedule_n in_o his_o hand_n say_v that_o he_o himself_o will_v read_v it_o and_o distinct_o read_v the_o same_o through_o and_o also_o do_v absolve_v all_o his_o liege_n people_n and_o renounce_v and_o recede_v and_o swear_v and_o other_o thing_n do_v say_v and_o pronounce_v in_o read_v and_o do_v subscribe_v it_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n as_o be_v more_o full_o contain_v in_o the_o say_a schedule_n the_o tenor_n whereof_o be_v such_o the_o resignation_n of_o richard_n ii_o in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n amen_n i_o richard_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n and_o lord_n of_o ireland_n do_v absolve_v the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n of_o church_n secular_a or_o regular_a of_o whatsoever_o dignity_n degree_n state_n or_o condition_n they_o be_v the_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n baron_n vassal_n and_o valvasors_n and_o all_o and_o every_o my_o liege_n people_n whatsoever_o ecclesiastic_n or_o secular_o of_o all_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n by_o what_o name_n soever_o they_o be_v know_v from_o the_o oath_n of_o fealty_n and_o homage_n and_o other_o oath_n whatsoever_o to_o be_v make_v and_o from_o all_o bond_n or_o tie_n of_o legiance_n royalty_n and_o dominion_n whereby_o they_o have_v be_v or_o be_v oblige_v or_o otherwise_o in_o any_o manner_n bind_v unto_o i_o and_o i_o do_v free_a release_v and_o acquit_v they_o and_o their_o heir_n and_o successor_n for_o ever_o from_o the_o say_a oath_n and_o other_o obligation_n whatsoever_o and_o i_o do_v dismiss_v they_o free_a unloosen_n quit_v and_o in_o full_a immunity_n as_o far_o as_o relate_v to_o my_o person_n to_o every_o effect_n of_o law_n which_o may_v follow_v from_o the_o prâ—mises_n or_o any_o of_o they_o and_o i_o do_v pure_o of_o my_o own_o accord_n simple_o and_o absolute_o in_o and_o by_o the_o best_a manner_n way_n and_o form_n that_o may_v be_v in_o these_o write_n renounce_v and_o total_o resign_v all_o kingly_a dignity_n and_o majesty_n and_o the_o crown_n and_o dominion_n and_o power_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n and_o all_o other_o my_o dominion_n and_o possession_n or_o any_o way_n belong_v or_o appertain_v unto_o i_o by_o what_o name_n soever_o they_o may_v be_v reckon_v up_o within_o the_o aforesaid_a kingdom_n or_o elsewhere_o and_o all_o right_a and_o colour_n of_o right_n and_o title_n possession_n and_o dominion_n which_o at_o any_o time_n i_o have_v have_v now_o have_v or_o by_o any_o mean_n shall_v have_v in_o or_o to_o the_o same_o or_o any_o of_o they_o with_o their_o universal_a right_n and_o appurtenance_n or_o any_o dependence_n however_o on_o they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o and_o also_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n and_o their_o administration_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o mere_a and_o mix_v empire_n and_o jurisdiction_n to_o i_o in_o the_o say_a kingdom_n belong_v or_o that_o may_v be_v belong_v and_o to_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o the_o honour_n regality_n and_o celsitude_n royal_a pure_o voluntary_o simple_o and_o absolute_o by_o the_o best_a manner_n way_n and_o form_n that_o the_o same_o can_v be_v do_v in_o these_o write_n i_o do_v renounce_v and_o they_o do_v total_o resign_v and_o in_o deed_n and_o in_o word_n dismiss_v and_o quit_v the_o same_o and_o from_o they_o do_v recede_v for_o ever_o save_v to_o my_o successor_n king_n of_o england_n the_o right_n to_o they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o belong_v or_o that_o shall_v any_o way_n belong_v in_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n and_o all_o other_o the_o premise_n for_o ever_o and_o i_o do_v confess_v acknowledge_v repute_n and_o true_o and_o out_o of_o certain_a knowledge_n do_v judge_n myself_o to_o have_v be_v and_o to_o be_v utter_o insufficient_a and_o unuseful_a for_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n with_o all_o their_o appurtenance_n and_o that_o for_o my_o notorious_a demerit_n i_o deserve_v to_o be_v depose_v and_o i_o do_v swear_v upon_o these_o holy_a gospel_n of_o god_n by_o i_o corporal_o touch_v that_o i_o will_v never_o act_n contrary_a to_o the_o say_a resignation_n renunciation_n dismission_n and_o session_n nor_o any_o way_n oppose_v the_o same_o in_o deed_n or_o in_o word_n by_o myself_o or_o any_o other_o or_o other_o nor_o will_v as_o much_o as_o in_o mely_n permit_v the_o same_o public_o or_o private_o to_o be_v contrary_v or_o oppose_v but_o the_o say_a renunciation_n resignation_n dismission_n and_o session_n will_v for_o ever_o esteem_n ratify_v and_o well-pleasing_a and_o firm_o hold_v and_o observe_v the_o same_o in_o the_o whole_a and_o in_o every_o part_n so_o god_n i_o help_v and_o these_o holy_a gospel_n of_o god_n i_o the_o before_o name_v king_n richard_n do_v here_o subscribe_v myself_o with_o my_o own_o hand_n and_o present_o to_o the_o say_a renunciation_n and_o session_n the_o say_a king_n add_v by_o word_n of_o mouth_n that_o if_o it_o lay_v in_o his_o power_n the_o say_a duke_n of_o lancaster_n shall_v succeed_v he_o in_o his_o kingdom_n but_o because_o as_o he_o say_v this_o do_v not_o depend_v on_o his_o pleasure_n he_o do_v request_v the_o say_a archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n who_o he_o for_o that_o time_n have_v constitute_v his_o procurator_n to_o declare_v and_o imitate_v such_o his_o session_n and_o renunciation_n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o they_o will_v be_v please_v to_o signify_v to_o the_o people_n his_o will_n and_o intention_n in_o that_o behalf_n and_o in_o token_n of_o such_o his_o will_n and_o intention_n do_v then_o and_o there_o open_o pluck_v off_o the_o golden_a ring_n of_o his_o signet_n from_o his_o own_o finger_n and_o put_v it_o upon_o the_o finger_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n of_o lancaster_n desire_v as_o he_o affirm_v that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v make_v know_v to_o all_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v do_v take_v their_o leaf_n on_o both_o side_n they_o all_o go_v out_o of_o the_o say_a tower_n to_o return_v to_o their_o lodging_n but_o on_o the_o morrow_n viz._n tuesday_n the_o feast_n of_o s._n jereme_a in_o the_o great_a hall_n at_o westminster_n in_o the_o place_n honourable_o prepare_v for_o hold_v the_o parliament_n the_o say_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o york_z and_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o other_o duke_n and_o lord_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a who_o name_n be_v under_o write_v and_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n assemble_v in_o a_o great_a multitude_n in_o parliament_n be_v present_a and_o the_o say_a duke_n of_o lancaster_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o place_n due_a to_o his_o quality_n and_o the_o chair_n of_o state_n or_o royal_a throne_n be_v solemn_o adorn_v with_o cloth_n of_o gold_n but_o then_o empty_a without_o any_o body_n preside_v therein_o the_o above_o name_v archbishop_n of_o york_n in_o the_o name_n of_o himself_o and_o of_o the_o say_a bishop_n of_o hereford_n according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o say_a king_n do_v public_o declare_v the_o session_n and_o renunciation_n to_o have_v be_v so_o make_v by_o he_o as_o aforesaid_a with_o the_o subscription_n of_o his_o royal_a hand_n and_o delivery_n of_o his_o signet_n and_o the_o say_a session_n and_o renunciation_n do_v there_o cause_n to_o be_v ready_a by_o another_o first_o in_o latin_a and_o then_o in_o english_a immediate_o after_o which_o it_o be_v demand_v of_o the_o estate_n and_o people_n their_o present_a to_o wit_n first_o of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o dignity_n and_o prerogative_n of_o his_o metropolitan_a church_n of_o canterbury_n it_o belong_v in_o this_o behalf_n to_o have_v the_o first_o voice_n among_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n whether_o for_o their_o interest_n and_o the_o utility_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o will_v be_v please_v to_o admit_v such_o renunciation_n and_o session_n and_o the_o say_a state_n and_o people_n judge_v from_o the_o cause_n by_o the_o say_a king_n himself_o in_o his_o renunciation_n and_o session_n aforesaid_a signify_v that_o the_o
place_v the_o say_a king_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o sit_v in_o the_o say_v royal_a seat_n all_o the_o people_n wonderful_o shout_v for_o joy_n and_o by_o and_o by_o the_o say_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n have_v with_o much_o ado_n procure_v silence_n from_o the_o over_o joy_a multitude_n make_v a_o short_a discourse_n or_o oration_n in_o these_o word_n vir_fw-la dominabitur_fw-la populo_fw-la a_o man_n shall_v reign_v over_o my_o people_n 1_o sam._n 9_o 17._o these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o king_n of_o king_n speak_v to_o samuel_n and_o teach_v he_o how_o a_o person_n shall_v be_v qualify_v to_o rule_v since_o the_o people_n desire_v to_o have_v a_o king_n give_v and_o not_o unfit_o may_v they_o be_v say_v of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n who_o we_o behold_v this_o day_n and_o if_o we_o but_o intimate_o consider_v these_o word_n they_o afford_v we_o matter_n of_o great_a consolation_n for_o god_n do_v not_o threaten_v we_o as_o he_o do_v former_o his_o people_n by_o isaiah_n say_v isa._n 3._o i_o will_v make_v child_n to_o rule_v over_o they_o but_o according_a to_o his_o compassion_n who_o in_o his_o wrath_n remember_v mercy_n he_o have_v visit_v his_o people_n and_o now_o no_o more_o child_n as_o heretofore_o shall_v lord_n it_o over_o they_o for_o the_o lord_n say_v to_o they_o a_o man_n shall_v rule_v of_o the_o late_a ruler_n of_o this_o kingdom_n or_o any_o of_o they_o one_o may_v have_v fit_o say_v that_o of_o the_o apostle_n cor._n 13._o i_o speak_v as_o a_o child_n i_o understand_v as_o a_o child_n i_o think_v as_o a_o child_n the_o apostle_n repeat_v it_o thrice_o as_o a_o child_n i_o speak_v i_o understand_v and_o think_v as_o to_o speech_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o child_n be_v unconstant_a in_o speak_v he_o easy_o speak_v true_a and_o as_o easy_o false_a be_v 〈◊〉_d inward_o to_o promise_n but_o what_o he_o promiâ—â—â—_n present_o forget_v now_o these_o be_v thing_n very_a 〈◊〉_d and_o dangerous_a in_o a_o king_n nor_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o any_o realm_n shall_v stand_v long_o in_o happiness_n where_o these_o condition_n bear_v sway_v but_o from_o such_o mischief_n a_o kingdom_n be_v free_v whese_fw-mi sceptre_n be_v sway'd_o a_o man_n for_o it_o belong_v to_o a_o man_n to_o sâ—t_v a_o watch_n before_o his_o tongue_n and_o such_o be_v our_o present_a happiness_n over_o who_o not_o a_o child_n but_o a_o man_n be_v set_v and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o i_o hope_v we_o may_v say_v of_o he_o that_o in_o eccles_n 9_o blessed_n be_v the_o man_n that_o have_v not_o err_v with_o his_o tongue_n thâ—n_n say_v the_o apostle_n i_o understand_v as_o a_o child_n now_o a_o child_n 〈◊〉_d nothing_o but_o flattery_n and_o please_a thing_n and_o understand_v only_a bauble_n and_o 〈◊〉_d and_o love_v not_o 〈◊〉_d that_o argue_v according_a 〈…〉_z hate_v he_o beyond_o all_o 〈…〉_z among_o we_o truth_n 〈…〉_z under_o foot_n so_o that_o none_o dare_v 〈◊〉_d and_o therefore_o it_o be_v plain_a and_o apparâ—â—â—_n enough_o that_o he_o that_o thâ—n_o reign_v understand_v as_o a_o child_n for_o a_o man_n be_v not_o addiâ—â—â—_n to_o such_o thing_n but_o understand_v wisdom_n so_o that_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n it_o may_v be_v say_v of_o he_o 〈◊〉_d be_v write_v eccles._n 9_o bless_a be_v the_o man_n that_o abide_v in_o wisdom_n for_o as_o a_o child_n be_v delight_v in_o vanity_n so_o a_o man_n have_v regard_n to_o truth_n and_o wisdom_n truth_n therefore_o shall_v enter_v and_o vanity_n depart_v which_o have_v do_v so_o much_o mischief_n in_o our_o nation_n for_o now_o a_o man_n shall_v rule_v who_o seek_v after_o truth_n and_o not_o vanity_n or_o flattery_n three_o it_o be_v say_v i_o think_v as_o a_o child_n for_o a_o child_n think_v and_o study_v only_o how_o to_o have_v his_o humour_n and_o do_v thing_n according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n and_o not_o according_a to_o reason_n therefore_o when_o a_o child_n reign_v there_o only_o self-will_a reign_n and_o reason_n be_v banish_v and_o constancy_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o great_a danger_n ensue_v from_o which_o danger_n wâ—_n be_v deliver_v for_o a_o man_n shall_v rule_v over_o we_o to_o wit_n one_o that_o speak_v not_o like_o a_o child_n but_o thus_o as_o one_o that_o have_v the_o perfection_n of_o reason_n i_o come_v not_o to_o do_v my_o own_o will_n but_o the_o will_n of_o he_o that_o send_v i_o to_o wit_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o of_o such_o a_o man_n we_o will_v say_v not_o only_o that_o he_o will_v abide_v in_o wisdom_n but_o also_o that_o as_o a_o man_n not_o a_o child_n he_o will_v meditate_v on_o the_o circumspection_n of_o god_n that_o be_v he_o will_v every_o way_n diligent_o observe_v that_o god_n will_v not_o his_o own_o be_v do_v and_o so_o in_o the_o stead_n of_o a_o child_n wanton_v in_o foâ—lish_a stubborn_a humour_n a_o man_n shall_v râ—ign_v and_o such_o a_o man_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v of_o he_o a_o king_n shall_v reign_v in_o wisdom_n and_o he_o shâ—ll_v intent_n judgement_n and_o do_v justice_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o harangue_n be_v end_v the_o say_a lord_n king_n henry_n to_o appease_v the_o mind_n of_o his_o subject_n do_v then_o and_o there_o utter_v these_o word_n sir_n i_o thank_v god_n and_o Èowe_v spiritual_a and_o temporel_n and_o all_o the_o astate_n of_o the_o lond_n and_o do_v Èowe_o to_o wit_v it_o es_a nought_o my_o will_n that_o no_o man_n think_v that_o be_v way_n of_o conquest_n i_o will_v disherit_v any_o man_n of_o his_o heritage_n franche_n or_o other_o right_n that_o he_o aght_o to_o have_v no_o put_v he_o out_o of_o that_o that_o he_o have_v and_o have_v have_v by_o the_o good_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o rheum_n except_o those_o person_n that_o have_v be_v again_o the_o good_a purpose_n and_o the_o common_a profit_n of_o the_o rheum_n and_o forthwith_o consider_v that_o by_o the_o former_a vacancy_n of_o the_o royal_a throne_n by_o the_o session_n and_o deposition_n aforesaid_a all_o power_n of_o justice_n sheriff_n and_o other_o officer_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n be_v cease_v therefore_o to_o the_o end_n that_o there_o may_v be_v â—â—â—failure_n nor_o delay_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n to_o the_o grievance_n of_o the_o people_n he_o cause_v principal_a officer_n and_o justice_n to_o be_v make_v and_o swear_v to_o he_o with_o the_o usual_a oath_n and_o it_o be_v immediate_o proclaim_v by_o the_o king_n command_n that_o on_o monday_n next_o after_o the_o say_a feast_n of_o s._n michael_n a_o parliament_n shall_v be_v hold_v and_o celebrate_v and_o that_o on_o the_o monday_n follow_v that_o that_o be_v to_o say_v on_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n edward_n shall_v be_v the_o coronation_n of_o the_o say_a king_n at_o westminster_n and_o that_o all_o those_o that_o can_v claim_v any_o service_n in_o the_o say_a coronation_n shall_v come_v to_o the_o white_a hall_n of_o the_o palace_n before_o the_o steward_n constable_n and_o marshal_n of_o england_n on_o saturday_n next_o before_o the_o day_n of_o the_o say_a parliament_n to_o make_v their_o just_a demand_n in_o that_o behalf_n and_o receive_v right_a therein_o but_o as_o for_o the_o shorten_n the_o day_n assign_v to_o the_o parliament_n there_o be_v a_o protestation_n make_v by_o the_o king_n that_o it_o be_v not_o his_o intent_n that_o thereby_o any_o prejudice_n shall_v be_v bring_v upon_o the_o state_n of_o his_o kingdom_n nor_o that_o the_o same_o for_o the_o future_a shall_v be_v draw_v into_o example_n but_o that_o such_o abbreviation_n of_o time_n be_v only_o make_v for_o the_o benefit_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o especial_o to_o save_v the_o labour_n and_o expense_n of_o several_a of_o his_o people_n and_o that_o the_o grievance_n of_o the_o people_n may_v be_v the_o soon_o remedy_v after_o which_o the_o king_n arise_v from_o his_o royal_a throne_n and_o behold_v the_o people_n with_o a_o cheerful_a and_o benign_a countenance_n retire_v himself_o from_o thence_o all_o the_o people_n rejoice_v and_o the_o same_o day_n in_o the_o whitehall_n aforesaid_a make_v a_o solemn_a feast_n to_o the_o noble_n and_o gentry_n there_o in_o a_o vast_a multitude_n assemble_v and_o afterward_o viz._n on_o wednesday_n next_o follow_v the_o before_z name_v procurator_n so_o depute_v as_o aforesaid_a do_v according_a as_o they_o be_v command_v repair_v into_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o say_v laâ—e_a king_n richard_n be_v within_o the_o tower_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o say_a sir_n william_n thirn_v the_o justice_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o companion_n and_o fellow-proâ—urators_a in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o state_n and_o people_n aforesaid_a do_v notify_v and_o full_o declare_v unto_o the_o say_v richard_n their_o admission_n of_o his_o say_a renunciation_n and_o the_o manner_n cause_n and_o
of_o premunice_n against_o provisor_n and_o the_o abuse_n of_o beg_a friar_n which_o so_o bridle_v and_o restrain_v the_o pope_n rampant_a usurpation_n that_o he_o can_v but_o little_o prevail_v here_o in_o england_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o towards_o make_v of_o which_o law_n wickliffe_n doctrine_n strike_v a_o great_a stroke_n he_o maintain_v very_o learned_o and_o stout_o the_o king_n jurisdiction_n crown_n and_o dignity_n against_o papal_a and_o all_o kind_n of_o encroachment_n by_o the_o law_n civil_a cannon_n and_o common_a of_o which_o last_v especial_o he_o make_v great_a use_n and_o be_v well_o skilled_a therein_o but_o for_o full_a satisfaction_n concern_v this_o famous_a man_n i_o shall_v here_o add_v the_o testimonial_a of_o the_o university_n give_v in_o his_o behalf_n after_o his_o death_n as_o follow_v viz._n to_o all_o &_o singular_a the_o child_n of_o our_o holy_a mother_n the_o church_n to_o who_o these_o present_n shall_v come_v the_o vicechancellor_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n with_o the_o whole_a congregation_n of_o the_o master_n wish_v perpetual_a health_n in_o the_o lord_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v not_o common_o see_v â—hat_n the_o act_n and_o monument_n of_o valiant_a man_n nor_o the_o praise_n and_o merit_n of_o good_a man_n shall_v be_v pass_v over_o and_o hide_v with_o perpetual_a silence_n but_o that_o true_a report_n and_o fame_n shall_v continual_o spread_v abroad_o the_o same_o in_o strange_a and_o far_o distant_a place_n both_o in_o testimony_n thereof_o and_o for_o the_o example_n of_o other_o forasmuch_o also_o as_o the_o provident_a discretion_n of_o man_n nature_n have_v devise_v this_o defence_n against_o slander_n that_o when_o ever_o witness_n by_o word_n of_o mouth_n can_v be_v present_a the_o pen_n by_o write_v may_v supply_v the_o same_o therefore_o the_o special_a good_a will_n and_o care_n which_o we_o bear_v unto_o john_n wickliff_n sometime_o child_n of_o this_o our_o university_n and_o professor_n of_o divinity_n moving_z and_o exciting_a our_o mind_n as_o his_o manner_n and_o condition_n require_v no_o less_o with_o one_o mind_n voice_n and_o testimony_n we_o do_v witness_v all_o his_o condition_n and_o do_n throughout_o his_o whole_a life_n to_o have_v be_v most_o sincere_a and_o commendable_a who_o honest_a manner_n good_a disposition_n profoundness_n of_o learning_n and_o most_o redolent_a fame_n we_o desire_v the_o more_o earnest_o to_o be_v notify_v to_o and_o celebrate_v by_o all_o the_o faithful_a for_o that_o we_o understand_v the_o maturity_n and_o ripeness_n of_o his_o conversation_n his_o diligent_a labour_n and_o travel_n tend_v much_o to_o the_o praise_n of_o god_n the_o help_n and_o safeguard_n of_o other_o and_o the_o profit_n of_o truth_n wherefore_o we_o signify_v unto_o you_o by_o these_o present_n that_o his_o conversation_n even_o from_o his_o youth_n upward_o unto_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n be_v so_o praiseworthy_a and_o honest_a that_o never_o at_o any_o time_n be_v there_o any_o note_n or_o spot_n of_o suspicion_n noise_v of_o he_o but_o in_o his_o answer_n read_v preach_v and_o determine_v he_o behave_v himself_o laudable_o and_o as_o a_o stout_a champion_n of_o the_o faith_n vanquish_a by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o scripture_n all_o such_o who_o by_o their_o wilful_a beggary_n blaspheme_v and_o slander_v christ_n religion_n neither_o be_v this_o say_a doctor_n convict_v of_o any_o heresy_n or_o burn_v by_o our_o prelate_n note_v his_o bone_n be_v not_o yet_o but_o long_o after_o order_v to_o be_v take_v up_o and_o burn_v by_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n after_o his_o burial_n for_o god_n forbid_v thaâ—_n our_o prelate_n shall_v have_v condemn_v a_o man_n of_o such_o honesty_n 〈◊〉_d a_o heretic_n who_o among_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o university_n have_v write_v in_o logic_n philosophy_n divinity_n morality_n and_o the_o speculative_a art_n beyond_o comparison_n the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o which_o thing_n we_o desire_v to_o testify_v that_o the_o fame_n and_o renown_n of_o this_o say_a doctor_n may_v be_v more_o evident_a and_o have_v in_o repute_n among_o those_o into_o who_o hand_n these_o present_a letter_n testimonial_a shall_v come_v in_o witness_v whereof_o we_o have_v cause_v these_o our_o letter_n testimonial_a to_o be_v seal_v with_o our_o common_a seal_n date_v at_o oxford_n in_o our_o congregation_n house_n the_o 15._o of_o october_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1406._o about_o the_o same_o time_n several_a of_o wickliffs_n follower_n as_o nicholas_z of_o hartford_n john_n aston_n john_n purney_n and_o other_o priest_n be_v much_o trouble_v for_o the_o same_o and_o the_o like_a opinion_n among_o the_o rest_n our_o author_n henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n tell_v we_o that_o on_o palm_n sunday_n he_o hear_v one_o at_o leicester_n preach_v these_o horrible_a heresy_n and_o error_n in_o his_o opinion_n follow_v viz._n that_o to_o blabber_n with_o the_o lip_n and_o multiply_v word_n in_o prayer_n signify_v nothing_o that_o to_o give_v money_n for_o celebrate_v of_o mass_n will_v not_o avail_v any_o body_n unless_o he_o lead_v a_o good_a life_n that_o christ_n never_o command_v any_o body_n to_o beg_v that_o no_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o give_v alm_n to_o any_o that_o have_v better_a clothes_n and_o outward_a accommodation_n than_o himself_o that_o none_o be_v true_o a_o prelate_n nor_o capable_a of_o a_o bishopric_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o teacher_n and_o preacher_n that_o money_n get_v by_o confession_n be_v accurse_v and_o as_o well_o the_o giver_n as_o receiver_n excommunicate_a that_o preacher_n carry_v about_o bag_n and_o scripps_n be_v false_a teacher_n since_o christ_n in_o his_o gospel_n command_v the_o contrary_a and_o the_o true_a disciple_n of_o christ_n never_o practise_v it_o that_o for_o those_o to_o beg_v who_o be_v able_a to_o work_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o law_n civil_a and_o no_o where_o approve_v by_o the_o law_n evangelical_n that_o christ_n convert_v many_o of_o divers_a state_n and_o condition_n to_o the_o faith_n but_o we_o do_v not_o find_v in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o ever_o he_o convert_v a_o priest_n these_o opinion_n spread_v so_o fast_o and_o the_o bishop_n perceive_v that_o yet_o they_o have_v not_o sufficient_a authority_n by_o any_o law_n or_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o proceed_v unto_o death_n or_o imprisonment_n against_o any_o for_o matter_n of_o religion_n they_o therefore_o solicit_v the_o king_n for_o the_o power_n of_o the_o temporal_a sword_n who_o overcome_v with_o their_o importunity_n or_o perhaps_o incite_v by_o hope_n of_o some_o subsidy_n to_o be_v give_v he_o by_o the_o clergy_n be_v content_a to_o give_v his_o assent_n to_o a_o ordinance_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o a_o act_n make_v in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westminster_n anno_fw-la quint._n r._n 2._o ca._n 5._o in_o these_o word_n item_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v open_o know_v that_o there_o be_v divers_a evil_a person_n within_o the_o realm_n go_v from_o country_n to_o country_n and_o from_o town_n to_o town_n in_o certain_a habit_n under_o dissimulation_n of_o great_a holiness_n and_o without_o the_o licence_n of_o the_o ordinary_n of_o the_o place_n or_o other_o sufficient_a authority_n preach_v daily_o not_o only_o in_o church_n and_o churchyard_n but_o also_o in_o market_n fair_n and_o open_a place_n where_o a_o great_a congregation_n of_o people_n be_v divers_a sermon_n contain_v heresy_n and_o notorious_a error_n to_o the_o great_a emblemish_v of_o christian_a faith_n and_o destruction_n of_o thr_fw-mi law_n and_o of_o the_o estate_n of_o holy_a church_n to_o the_o great_a peril_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o all_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n as_o more_o plain_o be_v find_v and_o sufficient_o prove_v before_o the_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n master_n of_o divinity_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o canon_n and_o of_o civil_a law_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o say_a realm_n special_o assemble_v for_o this_o great_a cause_n which_o person_n do_v also_o preach_v divers_a matter_n of_o slander_n to_o engender_v discord_n and_o dissension_n betwixt_o divers_a estate_n of_o the_o say_a realm_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a in_o exciting_a of_o the_o people_n to_o the_o great_a peril_n of_o all_o the_o realm_n which_o preacher_n cite_v or_o summon_v before_o the_o ordinary_n of_o the_o place_n there_o to_o answer_v to_o that_o whereof_o they_o be_v impeach_v they_o will_v not_o obey_v their_o summons_n and_o command_n nor_o care_v not_o for_o their_o monition_n nor_o censure_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n but_o express_o despise_v they_o and_o moreover_o by_o their_o subtle_a and_o ingenious_a word_n do_v draw_v the_o people_n to_o hear_v their_o sermon_n and_o do_v
maintain_v they_o in_o their_o error_n by_o strong_a hand_n and_o by_o great_a rout_n it_o be_v ordain_v and_o assent_v in_o this_o present_a parliament_n that_o the_o king_n commission_n be_v make_v and_o direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o other_o minister_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n or_o other_o sufficient_a person_n learn_v and_o according_a to_o the_o certification_n of_o the_o prelate_n thereof_o to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o chancery_n from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o arrest_v all_o such_o preacher_n and_o also_o their_o fauter_n maintainer_n and_o abetter_n and_o to_o hold_v they_o in_o arrest_n and_o strong_a prison_n till_o they_o will_v justify_v to_o they_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o reason_n of_o holy_a church_n and_o the_o king_n will_v and_o command_v that_o the_o chancellor_n make_v such_o commission_n at_o all_o time_n that_o he_o by_o the_o prelate_n or_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v certify_v and_o thereof_o require_v as_o be_v aforesaid_a this_o be_v the_o first_o pretence_n of_o statute_n against_o the_o true_a professor_n of_o religion_n and_o indeed_o be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n due_o make_v but_o only_o by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o clergy_n for_o at_o michaelm_n follow_v in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o the_o king_n a_o parliament_n be_v assemble_v complain_v thereof_o and_o have_v recite_v the_o same_o add_v the_o which_o be_v never_o agree_v nor_o grant_v by_o the_o commons_o but_o whatsoever_o be_v move_v therein_o be_v without_o their_o assent_n and_o therefore_o pray_fw-mi the_o commons_o that_o the_o say_a statute_n be_v disannul_v for_o it_o be_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a their_o meaning_n that_o either_o themselves_o or_o such_o as_o shall_v succeed_v they_o shall_v be_v further_o justify_v or_o bind_v by_o the_o prelate_n than_o be_v their_o ancestor_n in_o former_a time_n whereunto_o it_o be_v answer_v il_fw-fr play_v au_o roy_n the_o king_n be_v please_v yet_o though_o the_o suppose_a law_n of_o the_o 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