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A93596	Englands vvarning by Germanies vvoe: or, An historicall narration, of the originall, progresse, tenets, names, and severall sects of the Anabaptists, in Germany, and the Low Countries: continued for about one hundred and twenty years, from anno 1521. (which was the time of their first rise,) until these dayes. VVherein is set forth their severall errors dangerous, and very destructive to the peace both of church and state: the way and manner of their spreading them: the many great commotions: (yea,to the effusion of much blood,) which they occasioned in those parts, by their opposition to, and resistance of the civill magistrates; and what course there was taken for the suppressing them. / By Frederick Spanhemius, Doctor, and Professor of Divinity, in the Vniversity of Leyden in Holland. Published according to order.	Spanheim, Friedrich, 1600-1649.	1646 (1646)	Wing S4798; Thomason E362_28; ESTC R201224	43,736	52

ENGLANDS VVARNING BY GERMANIES WOE OR An Historicall Narration of the Originall Progresse Tenets Names and severall Sects of the Anabaptists in Germany and the Low Countries Continued for about one hundred and twenty years from Anno 1521. which was the time of their first Rise untill these Dayes VVherin is set forth their severall Errors dangerous and very destructive to the Peace both of Church and State The way and manner of their spreading them The many great Commotions yea to the effusion of much blood which they occasioned in those parts by their opposition to and resistance of the Civill Magistrates And what course was there taken for the suppressing them By FREDERICK SPANHEMIUS Doctor and Professour of Divinity in the Vniversity of Leyden in Holland Foelix quem faciunt aeliena pericula cautum Published according to Order LONDON Printed by John Dever Robert Ibbitson for John Bellamie at the three Golden Lions in Corn-hill neere the Royall Exchange 1646. Englands warning by Germanies Woe OR An Historicall Narration of the Originall Progresse Tenets Names and severall Sects of the Anabaptists in Germany and the low Countryes CHAP. I. Of the Originall or beginning of the Anabaptists PUrposing by the assistance of God The Proem for the confirmation and vindication of the truth to dispute against the Anabaptists for the more full illustration of the matter I have taken in hand I thought fit briefly to praemise these things 1 Of the Originall of these Sectaries 2 Of their Progresse 3 Of the divers Sects into which they are divided 4 Of the Names by which they are commonly called 5 Of their Heterodox opinions Concerning the first namely the Originall or beginning of this sort of men which are most commonly termed Anabaptists Their first birth is challenged by the yeare of our Lord 1521. when they began to appeare on the stage and to enter into these parts of the Christian world Those that are read to be the first which helped the world to be delivered of this Sect were Nicholas Storch Marcus Stubner and chiefly one Thomas Muntzer men borne in upper-Germany whose pretence was piety of a civill life in appearance but their mindes greedy after innovations ambitious of Honour and made and fitted for ungodly enterprises To their designes a while joyned himselfe Martinus Cellarius a Swede by Nation disciple of Capnion and one of Melanchtoms familiars but who afterwards both by his and Luthers admonition repented and together with his Sect cast of his Country name taking unto him from thence-forth the name of Borrhai under which name he was first placed in the profession of Philosophy and afterwards of Divinity in the famous University of Bazill where besides his writings in Logicke and Mathematicks by publishing Commentaries upon some Books of the old Testament he commended himselfe unto the Church of God untill at last being seized by the Pestilence he there finished his life in the Communion of the Orthodox Church the yeare of our Lord. 1564. Nicholas Storch and Marcus Stubner by divers practises indeavoured to draw the heedlesse people after them this latter by the fame of his learning and a certaine dexterity he had in expounding the holy Scripture the former as being altogether unlearned by his popular eloquence and report of inspirations revelations and secret conferences with God both by a great deale of jugling and divers frauds These notwithstanding proceeded more warily and gently but more violently and furiously Thomas Muntzer under whose conduct brake forth that lamentable sedition of the Country-men by which in the former age upper-Germany was so grievously shaken and with the same the fruites of that new Gospell where-with Storch and Stubner had possessed the mindes of the common people The residue of both whose lives and their ends are uncertaine Of Muntzers further enterprises comes now particularly to be spoken Some fanaticke spirits take occasion of making parties and rending the Church of God upon the words of Luther in his Booke of Christian liberty which is extant amongst his workes in the third Tome and was first published in the yeare of our Lord 1520. having read there that a Christian man is Lord of all things and subject to none which words written by Luther that eminent servant of God in the best part and largely expounded and by a contrary aphorisme namely that the same was servant of all and subject to all more fully declared were wrested to an ill sense by men impatient both of their owne and others quietnesse who upon that occasion first privately and afterward publiquely began to speake evill of the Government of Princes unto the people telling them of their exactions and boasting the liberty purchased to all under the Kingdome of Christ and making large complaints not onely of the Tyranny of the Pope of Rome but also of many faults still tolerated in the Church by the first reformers and so shaking the two pillars of publique order the dignity of the Magistrate and the reverence of the sacred Ministery and the authority of both Thereupon consulted about framing a new and more perfect Church and concerning its new policy and on this occasion thought of a new Baptisme to initiate the disciples thereof But least the reverence of the Baptisme formerly received should be any hinderance to their purpose Childrens Baptisme was exclaimed against as vaine yea unlawfull being conferred upon Infants which were uncapable thereof whereas this Sacrament ought to be administred to none but men growne and who had the use of their will and reason And that the zeale of this new Church which these Doctors desired to raise out of the rubbish might the more deeply enter into the mindes of the common people they tooke speciall care to make great shew of piety themselves and to presse the same upon others Hence the ordinary subject of publique Sermons and private Conventicles was That wee must detest sinne suddue the flesh stirre up the spirit exercise duties of charity beare the Crosse of Christ give our selves to fasting bee plaine in apparell moderate in dyet compose the dressing of our bodyes to neglect rather then ornament and be sparing of speech It cannot be said how much the enemy of mankinde by this slight transforming himselfe into an Angell of light and hiding the depths of Satan advanced his cause and how much this meere out-side of godlinesse and holinesse made the mindes of men not evill addicted unto these new Evangelists The mindes of men being thus prepared Thomas Muntzer first Pastor of Cygnea afterwards of Alstet a Towne seated in the limits of Thuringia and Saxony thinking he might now go on with his designes hardned himselfe in his audacious wickednesse yea resolved in his minde to adventure on any mischiefe whatsoever For when he observed the name of Luther to be famous every where for restoring the Churches liberty and all mens mindes to be inclined towards him he thought he must by some notable enterprize get himselfe a

Silesia descended of a noble family in the Dukedome of Lunenburgh who professed that he was ordained by God for the teaching and propagation of the true Orthodox Religion and for his singular gravity care to live civilly and fervency in prayer made the mindes of many inclined unto him especially Valentine Craut-Waldius and Sigismund Wernerus Professors hnd Pastors of Lunenburgh whose assistance he used in spreading abroad his opinions Schwenckfeld and his followers are reckoned with the Anabaptists for many positions which they held partly the same with the Anabaptists and partly allyed unto them He taught amongst other things Swenckfeld opinions that the humane nature of Christ was no creature but deified flesh or swallowed up of the Divinity said that those which defended the contrary opinion were creaturists that the Scripture was a dead letter and those who taught other wise were voculists and litter alists that illuminations and revelations ought to be highly esteemed To these opinions may be added those concerning Childrens Baptisme the Civill Magistrate Oaths and calling of Ministers of which Schwenckfeld wrote 80 bookes in his owne Language But being banished by Frederick Duke of Lunenburgh in the yeare of our Lord 1527. He is banished he travailed thorow most of the principall Provinces of Germany and spread his doctrine at Noriberg Ausburgh Vlms Straesburgh and other places and by his fine tongue and shew of singular holinesse of life gained the mindes chiefly of the Nobility and so possessed them that at this present in many places of Germany and especially in the noble families there sticks a kinde of secret veneration to the memory of these opinions received from their forefathers Hee dyes at length in Sweden Ann. 1561. aged more then 70 years being honoured with this commendation That he wanted a wel governed head but not a good heart From the divers kindes of life and professions 11. The Apostolicks why so called likewise severall Sects amongst the Anabaptists received their names For others were called Apostolick others separate from the world or meerly spirituall others Catharists others Silenciaries others Euchites others Adiaphorists others Enthusiasts others Libertines others Hamaxarians Borborites or dungwagons The Apostolicke were so called because they professed to be imitators of the Apostles left their Wives Children Vocations and Handy-crafts wandred about without shooes scrip or mony in their purses washed one anothers feet whence they were also termed feet-washers and commanded that all things should be in common The separate from the world or spirituall were so named 12. The Separate from the world why so called for that they would in nothing fashion themselves like to the present world but in their clothing feeding sleeping walking affected speciall holinesse and singularity detested publique meetings solemnities of weddings feastings musicke and such other worldly delights yea by the order of their Sect avoided all laughter themselves and reproved it in others Those were named Catharists 13. The Catharists their opinions which not onely affirmed that Infants were without sinne but likewise that men growne of their Sect might and ought to be such and contended that the Church consisted onely of such Those were called Silenciaries 14. The Silenciarians their opinions which not onely thought that much talking must be avoided but also private disputations about Religion nor was there any more use of publique preaching for that the doore was shut and the times evill and the world unworthy to have the Gospell preached unto it The Euchites were so named 15. The Euchites why so called because they ascribed all force of keeping away evill and attaining good things unto prayer onely and contended that we ought to give our selves to them alone and not seeke meanes necessary unto this temporall life but expect all things immediately from the hand of God Those amongst the Anabaptists are named Adiaphorists 16. The Adiaphorists which reckoned Childrens Baptisme Oaths administration of Civill Offices cutward preaching of the Word giving and receiving of the Sacraments confession of Faith and things of the like nature to be things indifferent teaching that the Spirit supplyed the defect of outward things and that no man need to hazard his life for the profession of his faith Enthusiasts are those 17. Enthusiasts which boasted above the rest of divine inspirations extasies and secret communication with God obtruding their Prophesies for the word of God and preferring them before the written Word yea contended that that was to be judged by their dreams Libertines those are called 18. Libertines who gloried that they were freed by Christ from all lawes both Divine and Civill and feared not to proclaime and by their practice to confirme communion of wives and such other uncleans doctrines Others are called Hamaxarians 19. Hamaxarians or Dungwagon Borborites or dungwagon because they making a schisme from the old Mennonites by reason of the severity of excommunications received all other which were excommunicated by the rest of the Sects into their communion and so scraped all manner of durt together The Authours of this Sect were Henry Naeldeman and George Heyns The Authours of this Sect. in the yeare of our Lord 1555. The former number was yet increased by three new Sects which arose up amongst the Anabaptists of Flanders a few yeares since which with severall excommunications rage one against another They excommunicate one another the causes thereof The occasion of this new divorce was the subtilty of one Thomas Beenkens Bishop of the Anabaptists of Franener who publiquely offering a certaine house to sell deceived the hopes of a friend of his which had intended it for himselfe he being by the craft of a cunning chapman put off from the same This sale was approved by many of the Anabaptists as lawfull and without fraud and especially by Jacob Petervander Meulen Bishop of the Anabaptists of Harlem others disapproved it and not onely condemned the batgaine as deceitfull but also thought that it deserved excommunication Upon this occasion they depart one from another and both sides finde their followers These being thus together by the eares comes in a third-sort of middle-men or neuters who indeed condemned the bargaine as fraudulent but thought that the sin was not so great as deserved excommunication In the meane time these three Sects albeit they agree in the principall articles of faith grievously excommunicated one another and obstinately denyed to joyne in mutuall communion For the third ranke of Anabaptists such as were named from the places and countries of which they were or in which they nestled and found entertainment they have been of old distributed into Germanes Helvetians Moravians Netherlanders The Germanes again subdivided into Swedes Franks Saxons and those of Munster The Netherlanders into Fries Flemmings Hollanders and Waterlanders The Fries are divided into Elder and Latter Yea sometimes they take their names from Cities as those of Antwerp Embden Franequer Leeuwaerden Zirckzee c.

defensive and partly confutatory stand in the maintainance of their errors So that it concerns us to indeavour by all meanes to hinder the same and to provide by all diligent care for the regaining of those soules unto God who are either led away with this error or bred up in the same and for preserving those from contagion whom this pestilentiall starre hath not yet infected Now as the builders of ancient Babell by the confusion of their tongues published their owne wickednesse and deserved punishment so in like manner God would not onely that the Anabaptists should be stricken with a fingular blindnesse but likewise that their tongues should be divided and by his most just judgement permitted that these Sectaries should not onely dissent from one another The Anabaptists divide into severall factions and they excommunicate one the other and rend into divers parts but also that they should with spitefull hearts and pens like so many new Midianites fight one against another and with mutuall execrations teare out their owne bowels For not onely the Anabaptists of Moravia depart one from another but likewese those of the Low Countryes divided amongst themselves thunder one family against the others and for frivolous matters excommunicate one another CHAP. III. Of the divers Sects of the Anabaptists and of the names by which they are called TO search out the names governments and tenets of all the Sects into which this Kingdome is divided and wherein they dissent one from another would be of an over-tedious enquiry yea scarce possible to any except tainted yea nourished up in their Religion this indeed is confessed that many sorts of the Anabaptists were numbred of old and are at this day which drew their names either from the Doctors whose opinions they chiefly followed or from the kind of life which they professed or else from the places where they had their resort Concerning the first ranke As first Muntzerians some were called Muntzerians who inrolling their names under this seditious Doctor or rather Captaine intangled themselves with his ungodly doctrine and mischievous practises Others are called Huttites from Iohn Hutt 2. Huttites who according to their masters example called themselves the corporall Israel of God vaunted visions and inspirations but ruefull and tragicall cryed out that all the Canaanites must be cut off with the sword that the day of Judgment was at hand and the Angels Trumpet began to sound Hereupon many of them began to waste away their meanes as being an unprofitable burden for the world to come but who afterwards bidden to begin long hopes perceived themselves brought to extream poverty and found all too late that their owne vain credulity and their masters mad promises had cost them very deare Others were named Augustinians 3. Augustinians from one Augustine a Bohemian who besides many other opinions common to the rest affirmed that the soules of the faithfull enjoyed not the sight of God nor had heaven open unto them untill the day of Judgment Others were called Hosmannians from Melehior Hofman a wily fellow 4. Hosmannians and furnished with popular eloquence who began to be famous at Straesburgh and drew away a great company of disciples after him To this Patriark is usually ascribed the first planting of those Anabaptists who so multiplyed in Lower Germany For comming to Emden An. 1528. when he had there with much polishing and a smooth tongue which he was excellent at thrust off his counterfeited wares he got great confluence of such people as itched after novelties and mightily increased this new Sect and this our new Evangelist purchased so much authority that by his disciples he was judged to be Elias which shall be sent into the World before the day of Judgement Returning to Straesburgh upon the prophecy of an old man of Friezland and there publickly professing Anabaptisme he not a little troubled the Church in that City Whereupon a Synod being called in the Month of Iune An. 1532 hee was admitted to a publique disputation with the Ministers of the Word by whom the opinions and dreams of the frantick fellow were confuted When as yet he would not be at quiet and the Anabaptists bragged that Straesburgh was new Jerusalem in which a new Kingdome of Christ was to be erected and joyned Cornelius Polterman as an Enoch to that Eliah and began to make uproares Hofman taken by the magistrate and imprisoned Hofman is taken by the Magistrate and clapt into prison Out of which the Anabaptists boasted hee should come with 144000. sealed ones which should smite the earth with a curse and break thorow all the bars which were set upon him That their Elias and Enoch should be the two olive trees and the two candlestickes which no man could hurt and if any man should attempt it fire should come out of their mouthes and consume their enemies But when these sonnes of the prophets had in vaine expected the deliverance of their Elias at the time foretold by other of their prophets Hofman fearing least he should lose his credit or his disciples their confidence began to write out of the prison that they must be still for the space of two years after the example of Ezra and Haggai whose ondevours for restoring the Temple of God were in like manner stayed untill God raised up the spirit of Cyrus Continuing thus obstinately in his errours at last dying in the prison he deceived all the hopes of his followers The principall tenets of Hofman were Hofmans opinions that the word did not take flesh of the Virgin Mary whose flesh was infected with sinne and accursed That Christ had only one nature That the means of attaining salvation was in our own power and by our free will was either imbyaced or rojected That childrens baptisme was not of God but rather of the enemy of God and man To this ranke pertaine likewise the Gabrielites 5. and 6. Gabrielites Hutterians 7 The Mennonites and Hutterians Anabaptists of Moravia who tooke these names from their Teachers before mentioned So were other of the Anabaptists long since and are at this day termed Mennonites from Menno Simonz a famous apostle of the Anabaptists who borne in a Village of Friesland neere Harlingen came indeed out of Popery but into the errours of the Anabaptists over head and eares not only imbracing divers heresies concerning the humane nature of Christ Childrens baptisme the office of the Magistrate and other points of that nature but likewise by word conferences and writing sowed the same abroad every where and although in a solemne disputation with Martin Muronius An. 1554 he could not with all his sophistry either elude the force of the truth nor avoid the same notwithstanding he persisted in spreading and defending his errours till that in the yeare of our Lord 1559. between Lubecke and Hamburg or as others will have it at Old slo An. 1561. he ended his daies aged more then 60.

yeares The unconstancy and contradictions of this brain-sick Doctor both the writings of Menno declare and the Orthodox Divines have enough and more then enough manifested From this Menno many Anabaptists of the Low-Countries are now commonly called Mennonites although all of them do not follow his opinions The Mennonites properly so called are likewise gone into divers parts and some of them are called old Mennonites other new or latter Mennonites Amongst those Anabaptists which received names from their teachers are used to be reckoned by some 8. Servetians 9. Georgians 10. Swhenck-feldians Servetians Georgians and Swhenck-feldians because they oppose childrens baptlsno and hold baptizang again Inspirations and many other erroneous opinions common with the Anabaptists The Servetians are so called from Michael Servetus a Spaniard who for his execrable and unheard of blasphemies most obstinately belcht out against the sacred Trinity and the Sonne of God and other hainous crimes was not only by the procurement of Calvin that most learned and pious Divine which of meer malice is reported by some but upon mature consultation and communicating the matter with the Common-wealths and Churches of Helvetia burnt at Geneva Servetus burnt at Geneva pouring out his ungodly soule amidst most horrible blasphemies in the very fire and was aswell by the judgment of Papists as Protestants held most worthy to perish in the revenging flames The Georgians were so named from David George of Delph in these Netherland a most notorious Impostor and patron aswell of most horrible blasphemies as abominable and unnaturall lusts who came to that height of presumption and impiety that besides divers other opinions wherein he conspired with the Anabaptists He gave himselfe out for the Christ of God The opinion of David George preferd himself before the eternall Son of the Eternall God applyed unto himself the prophecies spoken by the holy men of God concerning Christ and was so audacious as to exalt his wicked and franticke opinions above Gods holy Word a most odious fellow yea a monster and shame of mankinde Which blasphemies together with other dotages of his he hath gathered into his Booke of wonderfull things where he likewise teacheth that the doctrine delivered in the Scripture is unperfect yea childish and carnall and delivered as it were in the infancy of the World And although one would thinke that these blasphemies could not be perswaded to any in the World yet t is not to be said how great a multitude of men this most vile wretch drew to his party chiefly by two meanes How he brought his followers to imbrace his opinions 1. An outward shew of an holy life and seeming continuall and ardent powring out prayers unto God 2. By a wary and crafty way of scattering and instilling his opinions into others making himself way by little and little from one degree to another and by strange meanes creeping into the minds of credulous men and procuring credit and authority to himself Nor would he reveale those his horrible mysteries except to those onely whom he had made wholly his own and that secretly also By which wiles and with a certain comly and majestical frame of countenance he inveigled the minds of innumerable and by the powerfull working of deceit seduced abundance of people for many years and withall cozened his disciples of their mony He cheated them of their moneys until at last fearing the deserved punishment of his blasphemies seeing he was sharply reproved by Menno Simonz and Melchior Hofman and other of the Anabaptists forsaking his ancient name and taking upon him the new name of John a Bruck he thought it safest for him to depart to some other place where he was neither known by name nor face He chooseth the noble ●ity of Basill whither to transfer the seate of his affaires He changed his name and fled to Basill and seeing persecution was very hot against the reformed Churches in these Provinces of the Netherlands professeth himselfe of the number of those exiles which were forced to leave their Country for the cause of Christ and so with his Family and some of his Sectaries was received of the pious Magistrate who tooke pitty upon such as were for Christs sake faine to go into banishment There the crafty fellow a long while hid his venome and plighting his faith to the Magistrate frequenting the Church assemblies and by divers good offices winning the mindes of a great many and by his homely habit liberall table honest attendance and prudent and civill conversation gaining the favour both of high and low he lived both safely and gallantly having gotten himselfe besides a spacious dwelling in the City an house of pleasure likewise in the Country till in the yeare of our Lord 1556. about the month of September rather by the gnawing worme of Conscience and feare of imminent punishment Where he pined away and dyed then with any great sicknesse he pined away when he perceived that by certaine strangers of the Low-Countryes continually flowing to Bazill his vizard began to be pluckt off and the mindes of his Sectaries began likewise to waver But which is wonderfull notwithstanding it was three years after the death of the Impostor who was honourably buried in Lawrence Church ere the vaile was withdrawne and the story discovered Then were the blasphemies of the ungodly man brought before the Senate his Sectaries called into the Court question had with them concerning the name Country life and doctrine of the deceased The houses and cabinets of David and all his followers searched their letters and books gathered together and every thing delivered into the hands of Divines and Lawyers to discusse the same The blasphemies and cozenages of this deceiver being detected by a solemne ordinance of the Magistrate all his bookes and papers are burnt by the hand of the common hangman the picture of the naughty man His books and papers burnt by the common hangman and his Corps consumed to ashes after it had been carryed about the Streets in the malefactors Cart was cast into the fire his infamous corps brought in his Coffing into the publique place of execution and there consumed to ashes Those of the Sectaries which had aforetime been familiar with the Impostor that protested they had and did abhorre the blasphemies of their Master had their lives granted them of the Senate by whose piety and wisedome the contagion of this heresy was hindered from spreading any further all wayes of sowing it abroad being stopt up His disciples forsweare his opinions and they forswearing publiquely in the Church the communion and doctrine of this false Teacher are admitted to partake of the holy things The rest which pertaines to this history is performed by Ioannes Wygandus Bishop of Pomezania and the authour of the History of David George lately here published by the reverend man Iacobus Revius The Swenckfeldians were so named of Caspar a Swenckfeld of Ossiga a Knight of