enemy_n for_o a_o time_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o 6._o and_o for_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n after_o the_o lieutenant_n and_o deputy_n make_v only_o a_o border_a war_n upon_o the_o irish_a with_o small_a and_o scatter_a force_n howbeit_o because_o there_o come_v no_o treasure_n out_o of_o england_n to_o pay_v the_o soldier_n the_o poor_a english_a subject_n do_v bear_v the_o burden_n of_o the_o man_n of_o war_n in_o every_o place_n and_o be_v thereby_o so_o weaken_v and_o impoverish_v as_o the_o state_n of_o thing_n in_o ireland_n stand_v very_o desperate_o whereupon_o the_o cardinal_n of_o winchester_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o humphrey_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n do_v whole_o sway_v the_o state_n of_o england_n be_v desirous_a to_o place_v the_o duke_n of_o somerset_n in_o the_o regency_n of_o france_n service_n take_v occasion_n to_o remove_v richard_n duke_n of_o york_n from_o that_o government_n and_o to_o send_v he_o into_o ireland_n pretend_v that_o he_o be_v a_o most_o able_a and_o willing_a person_n to_o perform_v service_n there_o because_o he_o have_v a_o great_a inheritance_n of_o his_o own_o in_o ireland_n namely_o the_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n and_o the_o lordship_n of_o conaght_n and_o meth_n by_o descent_n from_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o this_o great_a lord_n come_v over_o with_o any_o number_n of_o wage_v soldier_n but_o it_o appear_v upon_o what_o good_a term_n he_o take_v that_o government_n by_o the_o covenant_n between_o the_o king_n and_o he_o which_o be_v record_v and_o confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o ireland_n dublin_n and_o be_v to_o this_o effect_n 1._o that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n for_o ten_o year_n 2._o that_o to_o support_v the_o charge_n of_o that_o country_n he_o shall_v receive_v all_o the_o king_n revenue_n there_o both_o certain_a and_o casual_a without_o account_n 3._o that_o he_o shall_v be_v supply_v also_o with_o treasure_n out_o of_o england_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o shall_v have_v four_o thousand_o mark_n for_o the_o first_o year_n whereof_o he_o shall_v be_v impre_v 2000_o li._n before_o hand_n and_o for_o the_o other_o nine_o year_n he_o shall_v receive_v 2000_o li._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la 4._o that_o he_o may_v let_v to_o ferm_n the_o king_n land_n and_o place_n and_o dis-place_n all_o officer_n at_o his_o pleasure_n 5._o that_o he_o may_v levy_v and_o wage_v what_o number_n of_o man_n he_o think_v fit_a 6._o that_o he_o may_v make_v a_o deputy_n and_o return_v at_o his_o pleasure_n we_o can_v presume_v that_o this_o prince_n keep_v any_o great_a army_n on_o foot_n as_o well_o because_o his_o mean_n out_o of_o england_n be_v so_o mean_v and_o those_o ill_n pay_v as_o appear_v by_o his_o passionate_a letter_n write_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n his_o brother_n in_o law_n six_o the_o copy_n whereof_o be_v register_v in_o the_o story_n of_o this_o time_n as_o also_o because_o the_o whole_a land_n except_o the_o english_a pale_a and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n upon_o the_o seacoast_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o irish_a so_o as_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o be_v to_o receive_v dâ—d_v amount_v to_o little_a he_o keep_v the_o border_n and_o march_n of_o the_o pale_a with_o much_o ado_n he_o hold_v many_o parliament_n wherein_o sundry_a law_n be_v make_v for_o erect_v of_o castle_n in_o louth_n meath_z and_o kildare_n to_o stop_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o irishry_n and_o because_o the_o soldier_n for_o want_n of_o pay_n be_v sess_v and_o lay_v upon_o the_o subject_n against_o their_o will_n upon_o the_o prayer_n and_o importunity_n of_o the_o commons_o this_o extortion_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v high-treason_n dublin_n but_o to_o the_o end_n that_o some_o mean_n may_v be_v raise_v to_o nourish_v some_o force_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o pale_a by_o another_o act_n of_o parliament_n every_o twenty_o pound_n land_n be_v charge_v with_o the_o furnish_n and_o maintenance_n of_o one_o archer_n on_o horseback_n beside_o the_o native_a subject_n of_o ireland_n see_v the_o kingdom_n utter_o ruin_v 20._o do_v pass_v in_o such_o number_n into_o england_n as_o one_o law_n be_v make_v in_o england_n to_o transmit_v they_o back_o again_o and_o another_o law_n make_v here_o to_o stop_v their_o passage_n in_o every_o port_n and_o creek_n finglas_n yet_o afterward_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o meth_n pass_v over_o into_o england_n and_o be_v slay_v with_o he_o at_o wakefield_n in_o yorkshire_n last_o the_o state_n of_o england_n be_v so_o far_o from_o send_v a_o army_n to_o subdue_v the_o irish_a at_o this_o time_n as_o among_o the_o article_n of_o grievance_n exhibit_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n against_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o this_o be_v one_o 6._o that_o divers_a lord_n about_o the_o king_n have_v cause_v his_o highness_n to_o write_v letter_n unto_o some_o of_o his_o irish_a enemy_n whereby_o they_o be_v encourage_v to_o attempt_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o say_v land_n which_o letter_n the_o same_o irish_a enemy_n have_v send_v unto_o the_o duke_n marvail_v great_o that_o such_o letter_n shall_v be_v send_v unto_o they_o and_o speak_v therein_o great_a shame_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n after_o this_o when_o this_o great_a lord_n be_v return_v into_o england_n and_o make_v claim_n to_o the_o crown_n begin_v the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o two_o house_n it_o can_v he_o conceive_v but_o that_o the_o kingdom_n fall_v into_o a_o worse_a and_o weak_a estate_n 4._o when_o edward_n the_o four_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n he_o make_v his_o brother_n george_n duke_n of_o clarence_n lieutenant_z of_o ireland_n this_o prince_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o dublin_n during_o the_o government_n of_o his_o father_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n yet_o do_v he_o never_o pass_v over_o into_o this_o kingdom_n to_o govern_v it_o in_o person_n though_o he_o hold_v the_o lieutenancy_n many_o year_n but_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o do_v not_o pay_v any_o army_n in_o ireland_n during_o his_o reign_n but_o the_o man_n of_o war_n do_v pay_v themselves_o by_o take_v coin_n and_o livery_n upon_o the_o country_n 4._o which_o extortion_n grow_v so_o excesssive_a and_o intolerable_a mâ—rus_n as_o the_o lord_n tiptoft_n be_v deputy_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o clarence_n be_v enforce_v to_o execute_v the_o law_n upon_o the_o great_a earl_n in_o the_o kingdom_n namely_o desmond_n who_o lose_v his_o head_n at_o droghedagh_n for_o this_o offence_n howbeit_o ireland_n that_o the_o state_n may_v not_o seem_v utter_o to_o neglect_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o pale_a there_o be_v a_o fraternity_n of_o man_n at_o arm_n call_v the_o brotherhood_n of_o st._n george_n erect_v by_o parliament_n the_o 14._o of_o edward_n the_o four_o consist_v of_o thirteen_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o worthy_a person_n within_o the_o four_o shire_n dublin_n of_o the_o first_o foundation_n be_v thomas_n earl_n of_o kildare_n sir_n rowland_n eustace_n lord_n of_o portl_a and_o sir_n robert_n eustace_n for_o the_o county_n of_o kildare_n robert_n lord_n of_o howth_n the_o mayor_n of_o dublin_n and_o sir_n robert_n dowdal_n for_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n the_o viscount_n of_o gormanston_n edward_n plunket_n senesha_n i_o of_o meth_n alexander_n plunket_n and_o barnaby_n barnewale_v for_o the_o county_n of_o meth_n the_o mayor_n of_o droghedagh_o sir_n laurence_n taaffe_n and_o richard_n bellewe_v for_o the_o county_n of_o lowth_n these_o and_o their_o successor_n be_v to_o meet_v yearly_a upon_o st._n george_n day_n and_o to_o choose_v one_o of_o themselves_o to_o be_v captain_n of_o that_o brotherhood_n for_o the_o next_o year_n to_o come_v which_o captain_n shall_v have_v at_o his_o command_n 120._o archer_n on_o horseback_n forty_o horseman_n and_o forty_o page_n to_o suppress_v outlaw_n and_o rebel_n the_o wage_n of_o every_o archer_n shall_v be_v six_o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la and_o every_o horseman_n five_o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la and_o four_o mark_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o to_o pay_v these_o entertainment_n and_o to_o maintain_v this_o new_a fraternity_n there_o be_v grant_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o same_o act_n of_o parliament_n a_o subsidy_n of_o poundage_n out_o of_o all_o marchandize_v export_v or_o import_v throughout_o the_o realm_n hide_n and_o the_o good_n of_o freeman_n of_o dublin_n and_o droghedah_n only_o except_v these_o 200._o man_n be_v all_o the_o stand_a force_n that_o be_v then_o maintain_v in_o ireland_n and_o as_o they_o be_v native_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o the_o kingdom_n itself_o do_v pay_v their_o wage_n without_o expect_v any_o treasure_n out_o of_o england_n 7._o but_o now_o the_o war_n of_o lancaster_n
sir_n richard_n capel_n prisoner_n with_o divers_a lord_n of_o munster_n be_v then_o in_o his_o company_n in_o the_o year_n 1288._o richard_n bourke_n earl_n of_o ulster_n common_o call_v the_o red_a earl_n pretend_v title_n to_o the_o lordship_n of_o meath_z make_v war_n upon_o sir_n theobald_n de_fw-fr verdun_n and_o besiege_v he_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o athlone_n again_o in_o the_o year_n 1292._o john_n fitz-thomas_n the_o geraldine_n have_v by_o contention_n with_o the_o lord_n vesci_n get_v a_o goodly_a inheritance_n in_o kildare_n grow_v to_o that_o height_n of_o imagination_n say_v the_o story_n as_o he_o fall_v into_o difference_n with_o divers_a great_a nobleman_n and_o among_o many_o other_o with_o richard_n the_o red_a earl_n who_o he_o take_v prisoner_n caâ—_n and_o detain_v he_o in_o castle-ley_n and_o by_o that_o dissension_n the_o english_a on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o irish_a on_o the_o other_o do_v waste_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o country_n after_o in_o the_o year_n 1311._o the_o same_o red_a earl_n come_v to_o besiege_v bonratty_a in_o thomond_n manusc_n which_o be_v then_o hold_v by_o sir_n richard_n de_fw-fr clare_n as_o his_o inheritance_n be_v again_o take_v prisoner_n and_o all_o his_o army_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o english_a overthrow_v and_o cut_v in_o piece_n by_o sir_n richard_n de_fw-fr clare_n and_o after_o this_o again_o in_o the_o year_n 1327._o most_o of_o the_o great_a house_n be_v band_v one_o against_o another_o viz._n the_o giraldine_n butler_n and_o breminghams_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o bourks_n and_o poers_n on_o the_o other_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o quarrel_n be_v none_o other_o but_o that_o the_o lord_n arnold_n poer_n have_v call_v the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n rhymer_n but_o this_o quarrel_n be_v prosecute_v with_o such_o malice_n and_o violence_n as_o the_o county_n of_o waterford_n and_o kilkenny_n be_v destroy_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n till_o a_o parliament_n be_v call_v of_o purpose_n to_o quiet_a this_o dissension_n short_o after_o the_o lord_n john_n bremingham_n who_o be_v not_o long_o before_o make_v earl_n of_o louth_n for_o that_o noble_a service_n which_o he_o perform_v upon_o the_o scot_n between_o dundalk_n and_o the_o faher_n be_v so_o extreme_o envy_v by_o the_o gernons_n verdon_n and_o other_o of_o the_o ancient_a colony_n plant_v in_o the_o county_n of_o louth_n as_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1329._o they_o do_v most_o wicked_o betray_v and_o murder_v that_o earl_n with_o divers_a principal_a gentleman_n of_o his_o name_n and_o family_n use_v the_o same_o speech_n that_o the_o rebellious_a jew_n be_v say_v to_o use_v in_o the_o gospel_n nolumus_fw-la hunc_fw-la regnare_fw-la super_fw-la nos_fw-la after_o this_o the_o geraldine_n and_o the_o butler_n be_v become_v the_o most_o potent_a family_n in_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o great_a lordship_n of_o leinster_n be_v divide_v among_o coparcener_n who_o heir_n for_o the_o most_o part_n live_v in_o england_n and_o the_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n with_o the_o lordship_n of_o meath_z by_o the_o match_n of_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n at_o last_o descend_v upon_o the_o crown_n have_v almost_o a_o continual_a war_n one_o with_o another_o manusc_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o say_v baron_n finglas_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n in_o a_o sight_n between_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n and_o desmond_n almost_o all_o the_o townsman_n of_o kilkenny_n be_v slay_v and_o as_o they_o follow_v contrary_a party_n during_o the_o war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n so_o after_o that_o civil_a dissension_n end_v in_o england_n these_o house_n in_o ireland_n continue_v their_o opposition_n and_o feud_n still_o even_o till_o the_o time_n of_o k._n henry_n the_o eight_o when_o by_o the_o marriage_n of_o margaret_n fitz-girald_a to_o the_o earl_n of_o ossory_n the_o house_n of_o kildare_n and_o ormond_n be_v reconcile_v and_o have_v continue_v in_o amity_n ever_o since_o thus_o these_o great_a estate_n and_o royalty_n grant_v to_o the_o english_a lord_n in_o ireland_n beget_v pride_n and_o pride_n beget_v contention_n among_o themselves_o which_o bring_v forth_o divers_a mischief_n that_o do_v not_o only_o disable_v the_o english_a to_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o all_o ireland_n but_o do_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o what_o be_v already_o gain_v and_o of_o conqueror_n make_v they_o slave_n to_o that_o nation_n which_o they_o do_v intend_v to_o conquer_v for_o whensoever_o one_o english_a lord_n have_v vanquish_v another_o the_o irish_a wait_v and_o take_v the_o opportunity_n and_o fall_v upon_o that_o country_n which_o have_v receive_v the_o blow_n and_o so_o daily_o recover_v some_o part_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o english_a colony_n beside_o the_o english_a lord_n to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n do_v ally_v themselves_o with_o the_o irish_a and_o draw_v they_o in_o 4._o to_o dwell_v among_o they_o give_v their_o child_n to_o be_v foster_v by_o they_o and_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o pay_v or_o reward_v they_o suffer_v they_o to_o take_v coin_n and_o livery_n upon_o the_o english_a freeholders_n dublin_n which_o oppression_n be_v so_o intolerable_a as_o that_o the_o better_a sort_n be_v enforce_v to_o quit_v their_o freehold_n and_o fly_v into_o england_n and_o never_o return_v though_o many_o law_n be_v make_v in_o both_o realm_n to_o remand_v they_o back_o again_o and_o the_o rest_n which_o remain_v become_v degenerate_a and_o mere_a irish_a as_o be_v before_o declare_v and_o the_o english_a lord_n find_v the_o irish_a exaction_n to_o be_v more_o profitable_a than_o the_o english_a rent_n and_o service_n and_o love_v the_o irish_a tyranny_n which_o be_v tie_v to_o no_o rule_n of_o law_n or_o honour_n better_a than_o a_o just_a and_o lawful_a seignory_n do_v reject_v and_o cast_v off_o the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n receive_v the_o irish_a law_n and_o custom_n take_v irish_a surname_n as_o mac_n william_n manuscript_n mac_n pheris_n mac_n yoris_n refuse_v to_o come_v to_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n authority_n and_o scorn_v to_o obey_v those_o english_a knight_n which_o be_v send_v to_o command_v and_o govern_v this_o kingdom_n namely_o sir_n richard_n capel_n sir_n john_n morris_n sir_n john_n darcy_n and_o sir_n ralph_n vfford_n and_o when_o sir_n anthony_n lucy_n a_o man_n of_o great_a authority_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v send_v over_o to_o reform_v the_o notorious_a abuse_n of_o this_o kingdom_n 4._o the_o king_n doubt_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v obey_v direct_v a_o special_a writ_n or_o mandate_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nobility_n to_o assist_v he_o and_o afterward_o the_o same_o king_n upon_o good_a advice_n and_o counsel_n resume_v those_o excessive_a grant_n of_o land_n and_o liberty_n in_o ireland_n by_o a_o special_a ordinance_n make_v in_o england_n which_o remain_v of_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n in_o this_o form_n quia_fw-la plures_fw-la excessivoe_n donationes_fw-la terrarum_fw-la &_o libertatum_fw-la in_o hibernia_n ad_fw-la subdolam_fw-la machinationem_fw-la petentium_fw-la factae_fw-la sunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n rex_fw-la delusorias_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la machinationes_fw-la volens_fw-la elidere_fw-la 4._o de_fw-la consilio_fw-la peritorum_fw-la sibi_fw-la assistentium_fw-la omnes_fw-la donationes_fw-la terrarum_fw-la &_o libertatum_fw-la predict_v duxit_fw-la revocandas_fw-la quousque_fw-la de_fw-la meritis_fw-la donatoriorum_fw-la &_o causis_fw-la ac_fw-la qualitatibus_fw-la donationum_fw-la melius_fw-la fuerit_fw-la informat_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la mandatum_fw-la est_fw-la justiciario_n hiberniae_fw-la quod_fw-la seisiri_fw-la faciat_fw-la etc._n etc._n howbeit_o there_o follow_v upon_o this_o resumption_n such_o a_o division_n and_o faction_n between_o the_o english_a of_o birth_n and_o the_o english_a of_o blood_n and_o race_n as_o they_o summon_v and_o hold_v several_a parliament_n apart_o one_o from_o the_o other_o whereupon_o there_o have_v rise_v a_o general_a war_n betwixt_o they_o to_o the_o utter_a extinguish_n of_o the_o english_a name_n and_o nation_n in_o ireland_n if_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n camden_n who_o be_v head_n of_o the_o faction_n against_o the_o english_a of_o birth_n have_v not_o be_v send_v into_o england_n and_o detain_v there_o for_o a_o time_n yet_o afterward_o these_o liberty_n be_v restore_v by_o direction_n out_o of_o england_n the_o 26._o of_o edward_n the_o three_o complaint_n be_v make_v to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o easy_a restitution_n whereunto_o the_o king_n make_v answer_v as_o be_v before_o express_v so_o as_o we_o may_v conclude_v this_o point_n with_o that_o which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o annal_n publish_v by_o master_n camden_n hâ—bernici_n debellati_fw-la &_o consumpti_fw-la fuissent_fw-la nisi_fw-la seditio_fw-la anglicorum_n impedivisseâ—_n whereunto_o i_o may_v add_v this_o note_n that_o though_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o
seed_n of_o reformation_n because_o they_o be_v not_o first_o break_v and_o master_v again_o with_o the_o sword_n beside_o the_o irish_a country_n which_o contain_v two_o three_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o reduce_v to_o shire-ground_n so_o as_o in_o they_o the_o law_n of_o england_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n therefore_o these_o good_a law_n and_o provision_n make_v by_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n be_v like_o good_a lesson_n set_v for_o a_o lute_n that_o be_v break_v and_o out_o of_o tune_n of_o which_o lesson_n little_a use_n can_v be_v make_v till_o the_o lute_n be_v make_v fit_a to_o be_v play_v upon_o and_o that_o the_o execution_n of_o all_o these_o law_n have_v no_o great_a latitude_n than_o the_o pale_a be_v manifest_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o thirteen_o of_o henry_n the_o eight_o cap._n 3._o which_o recite_v that_o at_o that_o time_n the_o king_n law_n be_v obey_v and_o execute_v in_o the_o four_o shire_n only_o and_o yet_o then_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o surrey_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n a_o governor_n much_o fear_v of_o the_o king_n enemy_n and_o exceed_o honour_a and_o belove_v of_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o the_o instruction_n give_v by_o the_o state_n of_o ireland_n â—_o to_o john_n allen_n master_n of_o the_o roll_n employ_v into_o england_n near_o about_o the_o same_o time_n do_v declare_v as_o much_o wherein_o among_o other_o thing_n he_o be_v require_v to_o advertise_v the_o king_n that_o his_o land_n of_o ireland_n be_v so_o much_o decay_v as_o that_o the_o king_n law_n be_v not_o obey_v twenty_o mile_n in_o compass_n whereupon_o grow_v that_o byword_n use_v by_o the_o irish_a viz._n that_o they_o dwell_v by-west_n the_o law_n which_o dwell_v beyond_o the_o river_n of_o the_o barrow_n which_o be_v within_o thirty_o mile_n of_o dublin_n the_o same_o be_v testify_v by_o baron_n finglas_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n which_o he_o write_v about_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o thus_o we_o see_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o reformation_n which_o be_v intend_v by_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n 8._o the_o next_o attempt_n of_o reformation_n be_v make_v in_o 28_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o by_o the_o lord_n leonard_n grace_n who_o be_v create_v viscount_n of_o grain_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o hold_v a_o parliament_n wherein_o many_o excellent_a law_n be_v make_v but_o to_o prepare_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n to_o obey_v these_o law_n he_o begin_v first_o with_o a_o martial_a course_n for_o be_v send_v over_o to_o suppress_v the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o giraldine_n which_o he_o perform_v in_o few_o month_n he_o afterward_o make_v a_o victorious_a circuit_n round_o about_o the_o kingdom_n manuâ—_n beginning_n in_o offaly_n against_o o_o connor_n who_o have_v aid_v the_o giraldine_n in_o their_o rebellion_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v along_o through_o all_o the_o irish_a country_n in_o leinster_n and_o so_o into_o munster_n where_o he_o take_v pledge_n of_o the_o degenerate_a earl_n of_o desmond_n and_o thence_o into_o conaght_n and_o thence_o into_o ulster_n and_o then_o conclude_v this_o warlike_a progress_n with_o the_o battle_n of_o belahoo_n in_o the_o border_n of_o meath_z as_o be_v before_o remember_v â—â—_o the_o principal_a sept_n of_o the_o irishry_n be_v all_o terrify_a and_o most_o of_o they_o break_v in_o this_o journey_n many_o of_o their_o chief_a lord_n upon_o this_o deputy_n return_n come_v to_o dublin_n and_o make_v their_o submission_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n namely_o the_o o_o neal_n and_o o_o rely_v of_o ulster_n mac_n murrogh_n o_o birn_fw-mi and_o o_o carrol_n of_o leinster_n and_o the_o bourks_n of_o conaght_n this_o preparation_n be_v make_v he_o first_o propound_v and_o pass_v in_o parliament_n these_o law_n which_o make_v the_o great_a alteration_n in_o the_o state_n ecclesiastical_a namely_o the_o act_n which_o declare_v king_n henry_n the_o eight_o to_o be_v supreme_a head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o ireland_n the_o act_n prohibit_v appeal_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o act_n for_o first-fruit_n and_o twenty_o part_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n the_o act_n for_o faculty_n and_o dispensation_n and_o last_o the_o act_n that_o do_v utter_o abolish_v the_o usurp_a authority_n of_o the_o pope_n next_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n by_o one_o act_n he_o suppress_v sundry_a abbey_n and_o religious_a house_n and_o by_o another_o act_n resume_v the_o land_n of_o the_o absentee_n as_o be_v before_o remember_v and_o for_o the_o civil_a government_n a_o special_a statute_n be_v make_v to_o abolish_v the_o black-rent_n and_o tribute_n exact_v by_o the_o irish_a upon_o the_o english_a colony_n and_o another_o law_n enact_v that_o the_o english_a apparel_n language_n and_o manner_n of_o live_v shall_v be_v use_v by_o all_o such_o as_o will_v acknowledge_v themselves_o the_o king_n subject_n this_o parliament_n be_v end_v the_o lord_n leonard_n grace_n wâ—s_v sudden_o revoke_v and_o put_v to_o death_n in_o england_n so_o as_o he_o live_v not_o to_o finish_v the_o work_n of_o reformation_n whâ—ch_o he_o have_v begin_v which_o notwithstanding_o be_v weâ—l_o pursue_v by_o his_o successor_n sir_n anthony_n saint_n leger_n iâ—_n unto_o who_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o chieftain_n of_o the_o irishry_n and_o of_o the_o degenerate_a english_a throughout_o the_o kingdom_n make_v their_o several_a submission_n by_o indenture_n which_o be_v the_o four_o general_a submission_n of_o the_o irish_a make_v since_o the_o first_o attempt_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v make_v to_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o the_o second_o to_o king_n john_n the_o three_o to_o k._n richard_n the_o second_o and_o his_o last_o to_o sir_n anthony_n saint_n leger_n in_o 33_o h._n 8._o in_o these_o indenture_n of_o submission_n â—_o all_o the_o irish_a lord_n do_v acknowledge_v king_n henry_n the_o eight_o to_o be_v their_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o king_n and_o desire_v to_o be_v accept_v of_o he_o as_o subject_n they_o confess_v the_o king_n supremacy_n in_o all_o cause_n and_o do_v utter_o renounce_v the_o pope_n jurisdiction_n which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v worth_a the_o note_n because_o the_o when_o the_o irish_a have_v once_o resolve_v to_o obey_v the_o king_n they_o make_v no_o scruple_n to_o renounce_v the_o pope_n and_o this_o be_v not_o only_o do_v by_o the_o mere_a irish_a but_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o degenerate_a english_a family_n do_v perform_v the_o same_o as_o desmond_n barry_n and_o roche_n in_o munster_n and_o the_o bourks_n which_o bâ—re_v the_o title_n of_o mac_n william_n in_o conaght_n these_o submission_n be_v thus_o take_v the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n for_o the_o present_a government_n of_o those_o irish_a country_n make_v certain_a ordinance_n of_o state_n not_o agreeable_a altogether_o with_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v express_v in_o the_o preamble_n of_o those_o ordinance_n 8._o quia_fw-la nondum_fw-la sic_fw-la sapiunt_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o jura_n ut_fw-la secundum_fw-la ea_fw-la jam_fw-la immediate_a vivere_fw-la &_o regi_fw-la possint_fw-la the_o chief_a point_n or_o article_n of_o which_o order_n register_v in_o the_o council_n book_n be_v these_o that_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o shall_v be_v accept_v repute_a and_o name_v king_n of_o ireland_n by_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o all_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n shall_v be_v permit_v to_o exercise_v their_o jurisdiction_n in_o every_o diocese_n throughout_o the_o land_n that_o tithe_n shall_v be_v due_o set_v out_o and_o pay_v that_o child_n shall_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o benefice_n that_o for_o every_o manslaught_a and_o theft_n above_o fourteen_o penny_n commit_v in_o the_o irish_a country_n the_o offendor_n shall_v pay_v a_o fine_a of_o forty_o pound_n twenty_o pound_n to_o the_o king_n and_o twenty_o pound_n to_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o country_n and_o for_o every_o theft_n under_o fourteen_o penny_n a_o fine_a of_o five_o mark_n shall_v be_v pay_v forty_o six_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n to_o the_o captain_n &_o twenty_o shilling_n to_o the_o tanister_n that_o horseman_n &_o kearn_n shall_v not_o be_v impose_v upon_o the_o common_a people_n to_o be_v feed_v &_o maintain_v by_o they_o that_o the_o master_n shall_v answer_v for_o his_o servant_n and_o the_o father_n for_o his_o child_n that_o cut_n shall_v not_o be_v make_v by_o the_o lord_n upon_o his_o tenant_n to_o maintain_v war_n with_o his_o neighbour_n but_o only_o to_o bear_v his_o necessary_a expense_n etc._n etc._n these_o ordinance_n of_o state_n be_v make_v and_o publish_v there_o be_v nominate_v and_o appoint_v in_o every_o province_n certain_a orderer_n or_o arbitrator_n who_o instead_o of_o these_o irish_a brehons_n shall_v hear_v and_o determine_v
and_o york_n be_v end_v and_o henry_n the_o seven_o be_v in_o the_o actual_a and_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n let_v we_o see_v if_o this_o king_n do_v send_v over_o a_o competent_a army_n to_o make_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n of_o ireland_n assure_o if_o those_o two_o idol_n or_o counterfeit_n which_o be_v set_v up_o against_o he_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n have_v not_o find_v foot_v and_o follower_n in_o this_o land_n king_n henry_n the_o seven_o have_v send_v neither_o horse_n nor_o foot_n hither_o but_o let_v the_o pale_a to_o the_o guard_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o fraternity_n of_o saint_n george_n which_o stand_v till_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o therefore_o upon_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o first_o idol_n west_n which_o be_v lambert_n the_o priest_n boy_n he_o transmit_v no_o force_n but_o send_v over_o sir_n richard_n edgecomb_n with_o commission_n to_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o citizen_n of_o this_o kingdom_n which_o service_n he_o perform_v full_o and_o make_v a_o exact_a return_n of_o his_o commission_n to_o the_o king_n and_o immediate_o after_o that_o the_o king_n send_v for_o all_o the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n in_o this_o realm_n manus_n who_o repair_v to_o his_o presence_n be_v first_o in_o a_o kingly_a manner_n reprove_v by_o he_o for_o among_o other_o thing_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o if_o their_o king_n be_v still_o absent_a from_o they_o they_o will_v at_o length_n crown_n ape_n but_o at_o last_o entertain_v they_o and_o dismiss_v they_o gracious_o this_o course_n of_o clemency_n he_o hold_v at_o first_o but_o after_o when_o perkin_n warbeck_n who_o be_v set_v up_o and_o follow_v chief_o by_o the_o giraldine_n in_o leinster_n and_o citizen_n of_o cork_n in_o munster_n to_o suppress_v this_o counterfeit_n the_o king_n send_v over_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n 7._o with_o a_o army_n as_o the_o history_n call_v it_o which_o do_v not_o consist_v of_o a_o thousand_o man_n by_o the_o poll_n and_o yet_o it_o bring_v such_o terror_n with_o it_o as_o all_o the_o adherent_n of_o perkin_n warbeck_n be_v scatter_v service_n and_o retire_v for_o succour_n into_o the_o irish_a country_n to_o the_o march_n whereof_o he_o march_v with_o his_o weak_a force_n but_o eftsoons_o return_v and_o hold_v a_o parliament_n dublin_n wherein_o among_o many_o good_a law_n one_o act_n be_v make_v that_o no_o subject_n shall_v make_v any_o war_n or_o peace_n within_o the_o land_n without_o the_o special_a licence_n of_o the_o king_n lieutenant_n or_o deputy_n a_o manifest_a argument_n that_o at_o that_o time_n the_o border_a war_n in_o this_o kingdom_n be_v make_v altogether_o by_o voluntary_n upon_o their_o own_o head_n without_o any_o pay_n or_o entertainment_n and_o without_o any_o order_n or_o commission_n from_o the_o state_n howth_n and_o though_o the_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o the_o pale_a in_o the_o nineteen_o of_o year_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n join_v the_o famous_a battle_n of_o knocktow_n in_o conaght_n knocktow_n wherein_o mac_n william_n with_o four_o thousand_o of_o the_o irish_a and_o degenerate_a engglish_a be_v slay_v yet_o be_v not_o this_o journey_n make_v by_o warrant_n from_o the_o king_n or_o upon_o his_o charge_n as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o book_n of_o howth_n but_o only_a upon_o a_o private_a quarrel_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n so_o loose_o be_v the_o martial_a affair_n of_o ireland_n carry_v during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o 8._o the_o earl_n of_o surrey_n lord_n admiral_z eight_o be_v make_v lieutenant_n and_o though_o he_o be_v the_o great_a captain_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n then_o live_v yet_o bring_v he_o with_o he_o rather_o a_o honourable_a guard_n for_o his_o person_n than_o a_o competent_a army_n to_o recover_v ireland_n service_n for_o he_o have_v in_o his_o retinue_n two_o hundred_o tall_a yeoman_n of_o the_o king_n guard_n but_o because_o he_o want_v mean_n to_o perform_v any_o great_a action_n he_o make_v mean_n to_o return_v the_o soon_o yet_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o be_v not_o idle_a but_o pass_v the_o short_a time_n he_o spend_v here_o in_o hold_v a_o parliament_n and_o divers_a journey_n against_o the_o rebel_n of_o leinster_n insomuch_o as_o he_o be_v hurt_v in_o his_o own_o person_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o leix_n after_o the_o revocation_n of_o this_o honourable_a personage_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o send_v no_o force_n into_o ireland_n till_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o giraldine_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o seven_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n then_o send_v he_o over_o sir_n william_n skevington_n with_o five_o hundred_o man_n only_o to_o quench_v that_o fire_n and_o not_o to_o enlarge_v the_o border_n or_o to_o rectify_v the_o government_n this_o deputy_n die_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o service_n service_n so_o as_o the_o lord_n leonard_n grace_n be_v send_v to_o finish_v it_o who_o arrive_v with_o a_o supply_n of_o two_o hundred_o man_n or_o thereabouts_o do_v so_o prosecute_v the_o rebel_n as_o the_o lord_n garret_n their_o chieftain_n and_o his_o five_o uncle_n submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o and_o be_v by_o he_o transmit_v into_o england_n but_o this_o service_n be_v end_v that_o active_a nobleman_n with_o his_o little_a army_n and_o some_o aid_n of_o the_o pale_a do_v oftentimes_o repel_v o_o neal_n and_o o_o donel_n attempt_v the_o invasion_n of_o the_o civil_a shire_n and_o at_o last_o make_v that_o prosperous_a fight_n at_o belahoo_n on_o the_o confine_n of_o meath_z belahoo_n the_o memory_n whereof_o be_v yet_o famous_a as_o that_o he_o defeat_v well-nigh_o all_o the_o power_n of_o the_o north_n manus_fw-la and_o so_o quiet_v the_o border_n for_o many_o year_n hitherto_o than_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o since_o the_o last_o transfretation_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n never_o send_v over_o either_o number_n of_o man_n or_o quantity_n of_o treasure_n sufficient_a to_o defend_v the_o small_a territory_n of_o the_o pale_a much_o less_o to_o reduce_v that_o which_o be_v lose_v or_o to_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n after_o this_o sir_n anthony_n s._n leger_n leger_n be_v make_v chief_a governor_n who_o perform_v great_a service_n in_o a_o civil_a course_n 6._o as_o shall_v be_v express_v hereafter_o but_o sir_n edward_n bellingham_n who_o succeed_v he_o proceed_v in_o a_o martial_a course_n against_o the_o irishry_n and_o be_v the_o first_o deputy_n from_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o till_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o that_o extend_v the_o border_n beyond_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o english_a pale_a by_o beat_v and_o break_v the_o moor_n and_o connors_n and_o build_v the_o fort_n of_o leix_n and_o offaly_n this_o service_n he_o perform_v with_o six_o hundred_o horse_n the_o monthly_a charge_n whereof_o do_v arise_v to_o seven_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o pound_n and_o four_o hundred_o foot_n who_o pay_n do_v amount_v to_o four_o hundred_o and_o forty_o six_o pound_n per_fw-la mensem_fw-la west_n as_o appear_v upon_o the_o treasurer_n account_n remain_v in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o king_n remembrancer_n in_o england_n yet_o be_v not_o these_o country_n so_o full_o recover_v by_o this_o deputy_n but_o that_o thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n do_v put_v the_o last_o hand_n to_o this_o work_n mary_n and_o root_a out_o these_o two_o rebellious_a sept_n plant_v english_a colony_n in_o their_o room_n which_o in_o all_o the_o tumultuous_a time_n since_o have_v keep_v their_o habitation_n their_o loyalty_n and_o religion_n elizabeth_z and_o now_o be_v we_o come_v to_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n who_o send_v over_o more_o man_n and_o spend_v more_o treasure_n to_o save_v and_o reduce_v the_o land_n of_o ireland_n than_o all_o her_o progenitor_n since_o the_o conquest_n during_o her_o reign_n elizabeth_n there_o arise_v three_o notorious_a and_o main_a rebellion_n which_o draw_v several_a army_n out_o of_o england_n the_o first_o of_o shane_n o_o neal_n the_o second_o of_o desmond_n the_o last_o of_o tyrone_n for_o the_o particular_a insurrection_n of_o the_o viscount_n baltinglass_n and_o sir_n edmund_n butler_n the_o moor_n the_o cavanaghes_n the_o birnes_n and_o the_o bourkes_n of_o conaght_n be_v all_o suppress_v by_o the_o stand_a force_n here_o to_o subdue_v shane_n o_o neal_n rebellion_n in_o the_o height_n of_o his_o rebellion_n in_o the_o year_n 1566._o captain_n randal_n transport_v a_o regiment_n of_o one_o thousand_o man_n into_o ulster_n and_o plant_v a_o garrison_n at_o loughfoâ—le_n before_o the_o come_n of_o which_o supply_n viz._n in_o the_o year_n 1565._o the_o list_n of_o the_o stand_a army_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n english_z and_o
irish_a do_v not_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o twelve_o hundred_o man_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o treasurer_n account_n of_o ireland_n westm_n now_o remain_v in_o the_o exchequer_n of_o england_n with_o these_o force_n do_v sir_n henry_n sidney_n than_o lord_n deputy_n march_v into_o the_o far_a part_n of_o tirone_n and_o join_v with_o captain_n randal_n do_v much_o distress_n but_o not_o full_o defeat_v o_o neal_n who_o be_v afterward_o slay_v upon_o a_o mere_a accident_n by_o the_o scot_n and_o not_o by_o the_o queen_n army_n rebellion_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n in_o munster_n against_o desmond_n and_o his_o adherent_n there_o be_v transmit_v out_o of_o england_n at_o several_a time_n three_o or_o four_o thousand_o man_n which_o together_o with_o the_o stand_a garrison_n and_o some_o other_o supply_v raise_v here_o make_v at_o one_o time_n a_o army_n of_o six_o thousand_o and_o upward_o which_o with_o the_o virtue_n and_o valour_n of_o arthur_n lord_n grace_n and_o other_o the_o commander_n do_v prove_v a_o sufficient_a power_n to_o extinguish_v that_o rebellion_n but_o that_o be_v do_v it_o be_v never_o intend_v that_o these_o force_n shall_v stand_v rebellion_n till_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v settle_v and_o reduce_v only_o that_o army_n which_o be_v bring_v over_o by_o the_o earl_n of_o essex_n lord_n lieutenant_z and_o governor_z general_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o nine_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n to_o suppress_v the_o rebellion_n of_o tirone_n which_o be_v spread_v universal_o over_o the_o whole_a realm_n that_o army_n i_o say_v the_o command_n whereof_o with_o the_o government_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v short_o after_o transfer_v to_o the_o command_n of_o the_o lord_n montjoy_n afterward_o earl_n of_o devonshire_n who_o with_o singular_a wisdom_n valour_n and_o industry_n do_v prosecute_v and_o finish_v the_o war_n do_v consist_v of_o such_o good_a man_n of_o war_n and_o of_o such_o number_n be_v well-nigh_o twenty_o thousand_o by_o the_o poll_n and_o be_v so_o royal_o supply_v and_o pay_v and_o continue_v in_o full_a strength_n so_o long_o a_o time_n as_o that_o it_o break_v and_o absolute_o subdue_v all_o the_o lord_n and_o chieftain_n of_o the_o irishry_n and_o degenerate_a or_o rebellious_a english_a whereupon_o the_o multitude_n who_o ever_o love_v to_o be_v follower_n of_o such_o as_o can_v master_v and_o defend_v they_o admire_v the_o power_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v bray_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o mortar_n with_o the_o sword_n famine_n and_o pestilence_n altogether_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o english_a government_n receive_v the_o law_n and_o magistrate_n and_o most_o glad_o embrace_v the_o king_n pardon_n and_o peace_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n with_o demonstration_n of_o joy_n and_o comfort_n which_o make_v indeed_o a_o entire_a perfect_a and_o final_a conquest_n of_o ireland_n and_o though_o upon_o the_o finish_n of_o the_o war_n this_o great_a 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most_o part_n be_v too_o weak_a for_o a_o conquest_n second_o when_o they_o be_v of_o a_o competent_a strength_n as_o in_o both_o the_o journey_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o they_o be_v too_o soon_o break_v up_o and_o dissolve_v three_o they_o be_v ill_o pay_v and_o four_a they_o be_v ill_o govern_v which_o be_v always_o a_o consequent_a of_o ill_a payment_n but_o why_o be_v not_o this_o great_a work_n perform_v ireland_n before_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n consider_v that_o many_o of_o the_o king_n her_o progenitor_n be_v as_o great_a captain_n as_o any_o in_o the_o world_n and_o have_v elsewhere_o large_a dominion_n and_o territory_n first_o who_o can_v tell_v whether_o the_o divine_a wisdom_n to_o abate_v the_o glory_n of_o those_o king_n do_v not_o reserve_v this_o work_n to_o be_v do_v by_o a_o queen_n that_o it_o may_v rather_o appear_v to_o be_v his_o own_o immediate_a work_n and_o yet_o for_o her_o great_a honour_n make_v it_o the_o last_o of_o her_o great_a action_n as_o it_o be_v to_o crown_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o a_o secure_a peace_n may_v settle_v the_o conquest_n and_o make_v it_o firm_a and_o perpetual_a to_o posterity_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v make_v in_o that_o fullness_n of_o time_n when_o england_n and_o scotland_n become_v to_o be_v unite_v under_o one_o imperial_a crown_n and_o when_o the_o monarchy_n of_o great_a brittany_n be_v in_o league_n and_o amity_n with_o all_o the_o world_n beside_o the_o conquest_n at_o this_o time_n do_v perhaps_o fulfil_v that_o pprophecy_n wherein_o the_o four_o great_a prophet_n of_o ireland_n do_v concur_v as_o it_o be_v record_v by_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la to_o this_o effect_n that_o after_o the_o first_o invasion_n of_o the_o english_a they_o shall_v spend_v many_o age_n in_fw-la crebris_fw-la conflictibus_fw-la cambrensis_fw-la longoque_fw-la certamine_fw-la &_o multis_fw-la caedibus_fw-la and_o that_o omnes_fw-la fere_n anglici_fw-la ab_fw-la hibernia_n turbabuntur_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la orientalia_fw-la maritima_fw-la semper_fw-la obtinebunt_fw-la sed_fw-la vix_fw-la paulo_fw-la antè_fw-la diem_fw-la judicii_fw-la plenam_fw-la anglorum_fw-la populo_fw-la victoriam_fw-la compromittunt_fw-la insula_fw-la hibernica_fw-la de_fw-fr mari_fw-fr usque_fw-la ad_fw-la mare_fw-la de_fw-la toto_fw-la subacta_fw-la &_o incastellata_fw-la if_o s._n patrick_n and_o the_o rest_n do_v not_o utter_v this_o prophecy_n certain_o giraldus_n be_v a_o prophet_n who_o have_v report_v it_o to_o this_o we_o may_v add_v the_o prophecy_n of_o merlin_n speak_v of_o also_o by_o giraldus_n sextus_n moenia_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la subvertet_fw-la &_o regiones_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la redigentur_fw-la which_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n the_o six_o in_o that_o all_o the_o pace_n be_v clear_v and_o place_n of_o fastness_n lay_v open_a which_o be_v the_o proper_a wall_n and_o castle_n of_o the_o irish_a as_o they_o be_v of_o the_o british_a in_o the_o time_n of_o agricola_n and_o withal_o the_o irish_a country_n be_v reduce_v into_o county_n make_v but_o one_o entire_a and_o undivided_a kingdom_n but_o to_o leave_v these_o high_a and_o obscure_a cause_n the_o plain_a and_o manifest_a truth_n be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o all_o age_n have_v be_v powerful_a enough_o to_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o ireland_n if_o their_o whole_a power_n have_v be_v employ_v in_o that_o enterprise_n but_o still_o there_o arise_v sundry_a occasion_n which_o divide_v and_o divert_v their_o power_n some_o other_o way_n ireland_n let_v we_o therefore_o take_v a_o brief_a view_n of_o the_o several_a impediment_n which_o arise_v in_o every_o king_n time_n since_o the_o first_o overture_n of_o the_o conquest_n whereby_o they_o be_v so_o employ_v and_o busy_v as_o they_o can_v not_o intend_v the_o final_a conquest_n of_o ireland_n 2._o king_n henry_n the_o second_o be_v no_o soon_o return_v out_o of_o ireland_n but_o all_o his_o four_o son_n conspire_v with_o his_o enemy_n rise_v in_o arm_n and_o move_v war_n against_o he_o both_o in_o france_n and_o in_o england_n manus_n this_o unnatural_a treason_n of_o his_o son_n do_v the_o king_n express_v in_o a_o emblem_n paint_v in_o his_o chamber_n at_o winchester_n wherein_o be_v a_o eagle_n with_o three_o eaglet_n tire_v â—n_o her_o breast_n and_o the_o four_o peck_v at_o one_o of_o her_o eye_n and_o the_o troth_n be_v these_o ungracious_a practice_n of_o his_o son_n do_v impeach_v his_o journey_n to_o the_o holy-land_n which_o he_o have_v once_o vow_v vex_v he_o all_o the_o day_n of_o his_o life_n and_o bring_v his_o gray_a hair_n with_o sorrow_n to_o the_o grave_n beside_o this_o king_n have_v give_v the_o lordship_n of_o ireland_n to_o john_n his_o young_a son_n â—_o his_o ingratitude_n afterward_o make_v the_o king_n careless_a to_o settle_v he_o in_o the_o quiet_a and_o absolute_a possession_n of_o that_o kingdom_n richard_n the_o first_o 1._o which_o succeed_v
among_o who_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v divide_v have_v be_v good_a hunter_n and_o have_v reduce_v the_o mountain_n bog_n and_o wood_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o forest_n chase_n and_o park_n assure_o the_o very_a forest_n law_n and_o the_o law_n de_fw-fr malefactoribus_fw-la in_o parcis_fw-la will_v in_o time_n have_v drive_v they_o into_o the_o plain_n and_o country_n inhabit_v and_o manure_v and_o have_v make_v they_o yield_v up_o their_o fast_a place_n to_o those_o wild_a beast_n which_o be_v indeed_o less_o hurtful_a and_o wild_a than_o they_o but_o it_o seem_v strange_a to_o i_o that_o in_o all_o the_o record_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o seldom_o find_v any_o mention_n make_v of_o a_o forest_n and_o never_o of_o any_o park_n or_o free-warren_n consider_v the_o great_a plenty_n both_o of_o vert_fw-fr and_o venison_n within_o this_o land_n and_o that_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n be_v descend_v of_o english_a race_n and_o yet_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v but_o one_o park_n store_v with_o deer_n in_o all_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v a_o park_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n near_o kilkenny_n it_o be_v then_o manifest_a by_o that_o which_o be_v before_o express_v that_o the_o not_o communicate_v of_o the_o english_a law_n to_o the_o irish_a the_o over_o large_a grant_n of_o land_n and_o liberty_n to_o the_o english_a the_o plantation_n make_v by_o the_o english_a in_o the_o plain_n and_o open_a country_n leave_v the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n to_o the_o irish_a be_v great_a defect_n in_o the_o civil_a policy_n and_o hinder_v the_o perfection_n of_o the_o conquest_n very_o much_o howbeit_o notwithstanding_o these_o defect_n and_o error_n the_o english_a colony_n stand_v and_o maintain_v themselves_o in_o a_o reasonable_a good_a estate_n as_o long_o as_o they_o retain_v their_o own_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n according_a to_o that_o of_o ennius_n irish_a moribus_fw-la antiquis_fw-la res_fw-la stat_fw-la romana_fw-la virisque_fw-la but_o when_o the_o civil_a government_n grow_v so_o weak_a and_o so_o loose_a as_o that_o the_o english_a lord_n will_v not_o suffer_v the_o english_a law_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n within_o their_o territory_n and_o signory_n but_o in_o place_n thereof_o both_o they_o and_o their_o people_n embrace_v the_o irish_a custom_n then_o the_o estate_n of_o thing_n like_o a_o game_n at_o irish_a be_v so_o turn_v about_o as_o the_o english_a which_o hope_v to_o make_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n of_o the_o irish_a be_v by_o they_o perfect_o and_o absolute_o conquer_v because_o victi_fw-la victoribus_fw-la leges_fw-la dedere_fw-la a_o just_a punishment_n to_o our_o nation_n that_o will_v not_o give_v law_n to_o the_o irish_a when_o they_o may_v and_o therefore_o now_o the_o irish_a give_v law_n to_o they_o therefore_o this_o defect_n and_o fail_v of_o the_o english_a justice_n in_o the_o english_a colony_n and_o the_o induce_n of_o the_o irish_a custom_n in_o lieu_n thereof_o be_v the_o main_a impediment_n that_o do_v arrest_v and_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o the_o conquest_n and_o be_v the_o only_a mean_a that_o enable_v the_o irishry_a to_o recover_v their_o strength_n again_o custom_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o irish_a custom_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o people_n which_o do_v use_v they_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v rebel_n to_o all_o good_a government_n destroy_v the_o commonwealth_n wherein_o they_o live_v and_o bring_v barbarism_n and_o desolation_n upon_o the_o rich_a and_o most_o fruitful_a land_n of_o the_o world_n nation_n for_o whereas_o by_o the_o just_a and_o honourable_a law_n of_o england_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o other_o well-governed_a kingdom_n and_o commonweal_n murder_n manslaughter_n rape_n robbery_n and_o theft_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n by_o the_o irish_a custom_n or_o brehon_n law_n the_o high_a of_o these_o offence_n be_v punish_v only_o by_o fine_a which_o they_o call_v a_o ericke_a therefore_o when_o sir_n william_n fitz-williams_n be_v lord_n deputy_n cause_n tell_v maguyre_v that_o he_o be_v to_o send_v a_o sheriff_n into_o fermannagh_n be_v late_o before_o make_v a_o county_n your_o sheriff_n saâ—d_n maguyre_v shall_v be_v welcome_a to_o i_o but_o let_v i_o know_v his_o ericke_n or_o the_o price_n of_o his_o head_n afore_o hand_n that_o if_o my_o people_n cut_v it_o off_o i_o may_v cut_v the_o ericke_a upon_o the_o country_n as_o for_o oppression_n extortion_n and_o other_o trespass_n the_o weak_a have_v never_o any_o remedy_n against_o the_o strong_a whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o no_o man_n can_v enjoy_v his_o life_n his_o wife_n his_o land_n or_o good_n in_o safety_n if_o a_o mighty_a man_n than_o himself_o have_v a_o appetite_n to_o take_v the_o same_o from_o he_o wherein_o they_o be_v little_o better_a than_o cannibal_n who_o do_v hunt_v one_o another_o and_o he_o that_o have_v most_o strength_n and_o swiftness_n do_v eat_v and_o devour_v all_o his_o fellow_n again_o in_o england_n and_o all_o well_o order_v common-weaâ—s_a man_n have_v certain_a estate_n in_o their_o land_n and_o possession_n and_o their_o inheritance_n descend_v from_o father_n to_o son_n whâ—ch_n do_v give_v they_o encouragement_n to_o build_v and_o to_o plant_v and_o to_o improve_v their_o land_n and_o to_o make_v they_o better_o for_o their_o posterity_n but_o by_o the_o irish_a custom_n of_o tanistry_n tanistry_n the_o chieftane_n of_o every_o country_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o every_o sept_n have_v no_o long_a estate_n than_o for_o life_n in_o their_o cheefeâ—ies_n the_o inheritance_n whereof_o do_v â—est_n in_o no_o man_n and_o these_o cheefery_n though_o they_o have_v some_o portion_n of_o land_n allot_v unto_o they_o do_v consist_v chief_o in_o cut_n and_o coshery_n and_o other_o irish_a exaction_n whereby_o they_o do_v spoil_v and_o impoverish_v the_o people_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o when_o their_o chieftanes_n be_v dead_a their_o son_n or_o next_o heir_n do_v not_o succeed_v they_o but_o their_o taniste_n who_o be_v elective_a and_o purchase_v their_o election_n by_o strong_a hand_n and_o by_o the_o irish_a custom_n of_o gavelkinde_n gavel-kind_n the_o inferior_a tennanties_n be_v partible_a among_o all_o the_o male_n of_o the_o sept_n both_o bastard_n and_o legitimate_a and_o after_o partition_n make_v if_o any_o one_o of_o the_o sept_n have_v die_v his_o portion_n be_v not_o divide_v among_o his_o son_n but_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o sept_n make_v a_o new_a partition_n of_o all_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o that_o sept_n and_o give_v every_o one_o his_o part_n according_a to_o his_o antiquity_n custom_n these_o two_o irish_a custom_n make_v all_o their_o possession_n uncertain_a be_v shuffle_v and_o change_v and_o remove_v so_o often_o from_o one_o to_o another_o by_o new_a election_n and_o partition_n which_o uncertainty_n of_o estate_n have_v be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o such_o desolation_n and_o barbarism_n in_o this_o land_n as_o the_o like_a be_v never_o see_v in_o any_o country_n that_o profess_v the_o name_n of_o christ_n for_o though_o the_o irishry_n be_v a_o nation_n of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o want_v neither_o wit_n nor_o valour_n and_o though_o they_o have_v receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n above_o 1200_o year_n since_o and_o be_v lover_n of_o music_n poetry_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o learning_n and_o possess_v a_o land_n abound_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o civil_a life_n of_o man_n yet_o which_o be_v strange_a to_o be_v relate_v they_o do_v never_o build_v any_o house_n of_o brick_n or_o stone_n some_o few_o poor_a religious_a house_n except_v before_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o though_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o this_o island_n for_o many_o hundred_o year_n before_o and_o since_o the_o conquest_n attempt_v by_o the_o english_a albeit_o when_o they_o see_v we_o build_v castle_n upon_o their_o border_n they_o have_v only_o in_o imitation_n of_o we_o erect_v some_o few_o pile_n for_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o country_n yet_o i_o dare_v bold_o say_v that_o never_o any_o particular_a person_n either_o before_o or_o since_o do_v build_v any_o stone_n or_o brick_n house_n for_o his_o private_a habitation_n but_o such_o as_o have_v late_o obtain_v estate_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n neither_o do_v any_o of_o they_o in_o all_o this_o time_n plant_v any_o â—_z or_o orchard_n enclose_v or_o improve_v their_o land_n live_v together_o in_o settled_a village_n or_o town_n nor_o make_v any_o provision_n for_o posterity_n which_o be_v against_o all_o common_a sense_n and_o reason_n must_v needs_o be_v impute_v to_o those_o unreasonable_a custom_n which_o make_v their_o estate_n so_o uncertain_a and_o transitory_a in_o their_o possession_n for_o who_o will_v plant_v or_o improve_v or_o build_v upon_o that_o land_n which_o a_o stranger_n who_o he_o know_v not_o
seven_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o lord_n william_n bourke_n earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o lord_n of_o conaght_n murder_v be_v treacherous_o murder_v by_o his_o own_o squire_n at_o knockfergus_n leave_v behind_o he_o vnicam_fw-la &_o unius_fw-la anni_fw-la filiam_fw-la say_v friar_n clinne_n immediate_o upon_o the_o murder_n commit_v manus_n the_o countess_n with_o her_o young_a daughter_n flee_v into_o england_n so_o as_o the_o government_n of_o that_o country_n be_v whole_o neglect_v until_o that_o young_a lady_n be_v marry_v to_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n that_o prince_n come_v over_o with_o a_o army_n to_o recover_v his_o wife_n inheritance_n and_o so_o reform_v this_o kingdom_n anno_fw-la 36._o of_o edward_n the_o three_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n what_o become_v of_o that_o great_a inheritance_n both_o in_o ulster_n and_o conaght_n assure_o irish_a in_o ulster_n the_o sept_n of_o hugh_n bog_n o_o neal_n then_o possess_v glaucoukeyn_a and_o killeightra_n in_o tyrone_n take_v the_o opportunity_n and_o pass_v over_o the_o banne_n manus_n do_v first_o expel_v the_o english_a out_o of_o the_o barony_n of_o tuscard_a which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o rout_n and_o likewise_o out_o of_o the_o glynne_n and_o other_o land_n up_o as_o far_o as_o knockfergus_n which_o country_n or_o extent_n of_o land_n be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v the_o low_a clan_n hugh-boy_n and_o short_o after_o that_o they_o come_v up_o into_o the_o great_a ardes_fw-la which_o the_o latin_a writer_n call_v altitudines_fw-la vltoniae_fw-la and_o be_v then_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o savage_n by_o who_o they_o be_v valiant_o resist_v for_o divers_a year_n but_o at_o last_o for_o want_n of_o castle_n and_o fortification_n for_o the_o say_n of_o henry_n savage_n mention_v in_o every_o story_n be_v very_o memorable_a that_o a_o castle_n of_o bones_o be_v better_a than_o a_o castle_n of_o stone_n the_o english_a be_v overrun_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o irishry_n camden_n so_o as_o about_o the_o thirty_o of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o some_o few_o year_n before_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o clarence_n the_o savage_n be_v utter_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o great_a ardes_fw-la into_o a_o little_a nook_n of_o land_n near_o the_o river_n of_o strangford_n where_o they_o now_o possess_v a_o little_a territory_n call_v the_o little_a ardes_fw-la and_o their_o great_a patrimony_n take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o upper_a clan_n hugh-boy_n from_o the_o sept_n of_o hugh_n boy_n o_o neale_n who_o become_v invader_n thereof_o conaght_n for_o conaght_n some_o young_a branch_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o bourkes_n be_v plant_v there_o by_o the_o red_a earl_n and_o his_o ancestor_n see_v their_o chief_a to_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o dead_a without_o heir-male_n and_o no_o man_n leave_v to_o govern_v or_o protect_v that_o province_n intrude_v present_o into_o all_o the_o earl_n land_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o within_o a_o short_a space_n two_o of_o the_o most_o potent_a among_o they_o divide_v that_o great_a seignory_n betwixt_o they_o the_o one_o take_v the_o name_n of_o mac_n william_n oughty_a manus_n and_o the_o other_o of_o mac_n william_n fighter_n as_o if_o the_o lord_n william_n bourke_n the_o last_o earl_n of_o ulster_n have_v leave_v two_o son_n of_o one_o name_n behind_o he_o to_o inherit_v that_o lordship_n in_o course_n of_o gavel-kind_n but_o they_o well_o know_v that_o they_o be_v but_o intruder_n upon_o the_o king_n possession_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o heir_n they_o know_v those_o land_n be_v the_o rightful_a inheritance_n of_o that_o young_a lady_n and_o consequent_o that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n will_v speedy_o evict_v they_o out_o of_o their_o possession_n and_o therefore_o they_o hold_v it_o the_o best_a policy_n to_o cast_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o english_a law_n and_o to_o become_v mere_a irish_a and_o according_a to_o their_o example_n draw_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o english_a in_o that_o province_n to_o do_v the_o like_a so_o as_o from_o thenceforth_o they_o suffer_v their_o possession_n to_o run_v in_o course_n of_o tanistry_n and_o gavelkinde_n they_o change_v their_o name_n language_n and_o apparel_n and_o all_o their_o civil_a manner_n and_o custom_n of_o live_v last_o about_o the_o 25._o camden_n year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o sir_n richard_n de_fw-fr clare_n be_v slay_v in_o thomond_n and_o all_o the_o english_a colony_n there_o utter_o supplant_v thus_o in_o that_o space_n of_o time_n which_o be_v between_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o and_o the_o 30._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o i_o speak_v within_o compass_n by_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o mischief_n before_o recite_v all_o the_o old_a english_a colony_n in_o munster_n conaght_n and_o ulster_n and_o more_o than_o a_o three_o part_n of_o leinster_n become_v degenerate_a and_o fall_v away_o from_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n so_o as_o only_o the_o four_o shire_n of_o the_o english_a pale_a remain_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n and_o yet_o the_o border_n and_o march_n thereof_o be_v grow_v unruly_a and_o out_o of_o order_n too_o be_v subject_a to_o black-rent_n and_o tribute_n of_o the_o irish_a 2._o which_o be_v a_o great_a defection_n than_o when_o ten_o of_o twelve_o tribe_n depart_v and_o fall_v away_o from_o king_n of_o juda._n but_o be_v not_o the_o state_n of_o england_n sensible_a of_o this_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n do_v they_o not_o endeavour_v to_o recover_v the_o land_n that_o be_v lose_v and_o to_o reduce_v the_o subject_n to_o their_o obedience_n true_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o by_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o scottish_a nation_n and_o by_o the_o insurrection_n of_o his_o baron_n who_o raise_v his_o wife_n and_o his_o son_n against_o he_o and_o in_o the_o end_n depose_v he_o be_v divert_v and_o utter_o disable_v to_o reform_v the_o disorder_n of_o ireland_n reformation_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v transfer_v to_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o though_o he_o be_v yet_o in_o his_o minority_n the_o state_n there_o begin_v to_o look_v into_o the_o desperate_a estate_n of_o thing_n here_o and_o find_v such_o a_o general_a defection_n letter_n be_v send_v from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o great_a man_n and_o prelate_n lucy_n require_v they_o particular_o to_o swear_v fealty_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n short_o after_o sir_n anthony_n lucy_n a_o person_n of_o great_a authority_n in_o england_n in_o those_o day_n be_v send_v over_o to_o work_v a_o reformation_n in_o this_o kingdom_n by_o a_o severe_a course_n and_o to_o that_o end_n the_o king_n write_v express_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n to_o assist_v he_o as_o be_v before_o remember_v present_o upon_o his_o arrival_n he_o arrest_v maurice_n fitz-thomas_n earl_n of_o desmond_n and_o sir_n william_n bremingham_n and_o commit_v they_o prisoner_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o dublin_n camden_n where_o sir_n william_n bremingham_n be_v execute_v for_o treason_n though_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n be_v leave_v to_o mainprize_n upon_o condition_n he_o shall_v appear_v before_o the_o king_n by_o a_o certain_a day_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o continue_v loyal_a after_o this_o the_o king_n be_v advertise_v that_o the_o over-large_a grant_n of_o land_n and_o liberty_n make_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o english_a blood_n in_o ireland_n make_v they_o so_o insolent_a as_o they_o scorn_v to_o obey_v the_o law_n and_o the_o magistrate_n do_v absolute_o resume_v all_o such_o grant_n liberty_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v but_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n above_o all_o man_n find_v himself_o grieve_v with_o this_o resumption_n or_o repeal_v of_o liberty_n and_o declare_v his_o dislike_n and_o discontentment_n insomuch_o as_o he_o do_v not_o only_o refuse_v to_o come_v to_o a_o parliament_n at_o dublin_n summon_v by_o sir_n william_n morris_n deputy_n to_o the_o lord_n john_n darcy_n the_o king_n lieutenant_n but_o as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o he_o raise_v such_o dissension_n between_o the_o english_a of_o blood_n and_o the_o english_a of_o birth_n as_o the_o like_a be_v never_o see_v from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o our_o nation_n in_o ireland_n and_o in_o this_o factious_a and_o seditious_a humour_n he_o draw_v the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nobility_n camden_n with_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n of_o the_o principal_a town_n to_o hold_v a_o several_a parliament_n by_o themselves_o at_o kilkenny_n where_o they_o frame_v certain_a article_n against_o the_o deputy_n and_o transmit_v the_o same_o into_o england_n to_o the_o king_n hereupon_o sir_n ralph_n vfford_n clynn_n who_o have_v late_o before_o marry_v the_o countess_n
of_o ulster_n a_o man_n of_o courage_n and_o severity_n be_v make_v lord_n justice_n who_o forthwith_o call_v a_o parliament_n send_v a_o special_a commandment_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n to_o appear_v in_o that_o great_a council_n but_o the_o earl_n wilful_o refuse_v to_o come_v whereupon_o the_o lord_n justice_n raise_v the_o king_n standard_n caâ—deâ—_n and_o march_v with_o a_o army_n into_o munster_n seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n all_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o earl_n take_v and_o execute_v his_o principal_a follower_n sir_n eustace_n le_fw-fr poer_n sir_n william_n grant_v and_o sir_n john_n cotterell_n enforce_v the_o earl_n himself_o to_o fly_v and_o lurk_v till_o 26._o nobleman_n and_o knight_n become_v mainpernor_n for_o his_o appearance_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n prefix_v but_o he_o make_v default_n the_o second_o time_n the_o uttermost_a advantage_n be_v take_v against_o his_o surety_n beside_o at_o the_o same_o time_n this_o lord_n justice_n cause_v the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n to_o be_v arrest_v and_o commit_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o dublin_n indict_v and_o imprison_v many_o other_o disobedient_a subject_n call_v in_o and_o cancel_v such_o charter_n asw_v ere_o late_o before_o resume_v and_o proceed_v every_o way_n so_o roundly_o and_o severe_o as_o the_o nobility_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o suffer_v no_o controlment_n do_v much_o distaste_v he_o and_o the_o commons_o who_o in_o this_o land_n have_v ever_o be_v more_o devote_v to_o their_o immediate_a lord_n here_o who_o they_o see_v every_o day_n than_o unto_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o king_n who_o they_o never_o see_v speak_v ill_o of_o this_o governor_n as_o of_o a_o rigorous_a and_o cruel_a man_n though_o in_o troth_n he_o be_v a_o singular_a good_a justicer_n and_o if_o he_o have_v not_o die_v in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o government_n be_v the_o likely_a person_n of_o that_o age_n colony_n to_o have_v reform_v and_o reduce_v the_o degenerate_a english_a colony_n to_o their_o natural_a obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n thus_o much_o then_o then_o we_o may_v observe_v by_o the_o way_n that_o maurice_n fitz-thomas_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o desmond_n be_v the_o first_o english_a lord_n that_o impose_v coign_n and_o livery_n upon_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o the_o first_o that_o raise_v his_o estate_n to_o immoderate_a greatness_n by_o that_o wicked_a extortion_n and_o oppression_n that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o reject_v the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n and_o draw_v other_o by_o his_o example_n to_o do_v the_o like_a that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o peer_n of_o ireland_n that_o refuse_v to_o come_v to_o the_o parliament_n summon_v by_o the_o king_n authority_n that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o make_v a_o division_n and_o distinction_n between_o the_o english_a of_o blood_n and_o the_o english_a of_o birth_n and_o as_o this_o earl_n be_v the_o only_a author_n desmond_n and_o first_o actor_n of_o these_o mischief_n which_o give_v the_o great_a impediment_n to_o the_o full_a conquest_n of_o ireland_n so_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o albeit_o other_o of_o his_o rank_n afterward_o offend_v in_o the_o same_o kind_n whereby_o their_o house_n be_v many_o time_n in_o danger_n of_o ruin_n yet_o be_v there_o not_o ever_o any_o noble_a house_n of_o english_a race_n in_o ireland_n utter_o destroy_v and_o final_o root_v out_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o justice_n but_o the_o house_n of_o desmond_n only_o nor_o any_o peer_n of_o this_o realm_n ever_o put_v to_o death_n though_o divers_a have_v be_v attaint_v but_o though_o fitz-james_n the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n only_o and_o only_o for_o those_o wicked_a custom_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o first_o earl_n and_o practise_v by_o his_o posterity_n though_o by_o several_a law_n they_o be_v make_v high-treason_n and_o therefore_o though_o in_o the_o 7_o of_o edward_n the_o 4._o during_o the_o government_n of_o the_o lord_n tiptoft_n earl_n of_o worcester_n both_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n and_o kildare_n be_v attaint_v by_o parliament_n at_o droghedah_n for_o alliance_n and_o foster_a with_o the_o irish_a and_o for_o take_v coin_n and_o livery_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n yet_o be_v desmond_n only_o put_v to_o death_n for_o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n receive_v his_o pardon_n and_o albeit_o the_o son_n of_o this_o earl_n of_o desmond_n who_o lose_v his_o head_n at_o droghedah_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o earldom_n 8._o yet_o can_v not_o the_o king_n grace_n regenerate_v obedience_n in_o that_o degenerate_a house_n but_o it_o grow_v rather_o more_o wild_a and_o barbarous_a than_o before_o for_o from_o thenceforth_o they_o reclaim_v a_o strange_a privilege_n that_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n shall_v never_o come_v to_o any_o parliament_n or_o grand_a council_n or_o within_o any_o wall_a town_n but_o at_o their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n which_o pretend_v privilege_n james_n earl_n of_o desmond_n the_o father_n of_o girald_n the_o last_o earl_n renounce_v and_o surrender_v by_o his_o deed_n in_o the_o chancery_n of_o ireland_n in_o the_o 32_o of_o henry_n the_o eight_o at_o what_o time_n among_o the_o mere_a irishry_n he_o submit_v himself_o to_o sir_n anthony_n saint-leger_n than_o lord_n deputy_n take_v a_o oath_n of_o allegiace_n covenant_v that_o he_o will_v suffer_v the_o law_n of_o england_n to_o be_v execute_v in_o his_o country_n and_o assist_v the_o king_n judge_n in_o their_o circuit_n and_o if_o any_o subsidy_n shall_v be_v grant_v by_o parliament_n he_o will_v permit_v the_o same_o to_o be_v levy_v upon_o his_o tenant_n and_o follower_n which_o covenant_n be_v as_o strange_a as_o the_o privilege_n itself_o speak_v of_o before_o but_o that_o which_o i_o conceive_v most_o worthy_a of_o observation_n upon_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o house_n of_o desmond_n be_v this_o that_o as_o maurice_n fitz-thomas_n the_o first_o earl_n do_v first_o raise_v the_o greatness_n of_o that_o house_n by_o irish_a exaction_n and_o oppression_n so_o girald_n the_o last_o earl_n do_v at_o last_o ruin_n and_o reduce_v it_o to_o nothing_o by_o use_v the_o like_a extortion_n for_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o first_o occasion_n of_o his_o rebellion_n grow_v from_o hence_o that_o when_o he_o attempt_v to_o charge_v the_o decies_fw-la in_o the_o county_n of_o waterford_n with_o coin_n and_o livery_n black_a rent_n and_o cosheâ—ies_n after_o the_o irish_a manner_n he_o be_v resist_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n and_o upon_o a_o encounter_n overthrow_v and_o take_v prisoner_n which_o make_v his_o heart_n so_o unquiet_a as_o it_o easy_o conceive_a treason_n against_o the_o crown_n and_o bring_v forth_o actual_a and_o open_a rebellion_n wherein_o he_o perish_v himself_o and_o make_v a_o final_a extinguishment_n of_o his_o house_n and_o honour_n oppression_n and_o extortion_n do_v maintain_v the_o greatness_n and_o oppression_n and_o extortion_n do_v extinguish_v the_o greatness_n of_o that_o house_n which_o may_v well_o be_v express_v by_o the_o old_a emblem_n of_o a_o torch_n turn_v downward_o with_o this_o word_n quod_fw-la i_o alit_fw-la extinguo_fw-la now_o let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o course_n of_o reformation_n hold_v and_o pursue_v here_o after_o the_o death_n of_o sir_n ralph_n vfford_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n 3_o after_o which_o time_n aâ—beâ—t_v all_o the_o power_n and_o council_n of_o england_n be_v convert_v towards_o the_o conquest_n of_o france_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o work_n of_o reformation_n altogether_o discontinue_v for_o in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o sir_n thomas_n rookeby_n another_o worthy_a governor_n who_o i_o have_v once_o before_o name_v hold_v a_o parliament_n at_o kilkenny_n wherein_o many_o excellent_a law_n be_v propound_v and_o enact_v for_o the_o reduce_n of_o the_o english_a colony_n to_o their_o obedience_n which_o law_n we_o find_v enroll_v in_o the_o remembrancer_n office_n here_o and_o differ_v not_o much_o in_o substance_n from_o those_o other_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n clareâ—_n which_o not_o long_o after_o during_o the_o government_n of_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n be_v not_o only_o enact_v but_o put_v in_o execution_n this_o noble_a prince_n have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o ulster_n and_o be_v likewise_o a_o coparcener_n of_o the_o county_n of_o kilkenny_n in_o the_o 36_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o come_v over_o the_o king_n lieutenant_n attend_v with_o a_o good_a retinue_n of_o martial_a man_n as_o be_v before_o remember_v and_o a_o grave_n and_o honourable_a council_n as_o well_o for_o peace_n as_o for_o war_n but_o because_o this_o army_n be_v not_o of_o a_o competent_a strength_n to_o break_v and_o subdue_v all_o the_o irishry_n although_o he_o quiet_v the_o border_n of_o the_o english_a pale_a and_o hold_v all_o ireland_n in_o awe_n with_o his_o name_n and_o presence_n the_o principal_a service_n that_o
to_o give_v a_o civil_a education_n to_o the_o youth_n of_o this_o land_n in_o the_o time_n to_o come_v provision_n be_v make_v by_o another_o law_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v one_o free_a school_n at_o least_o erect_v in_o every_o diocese_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o last_o to_o inure_v and_o acquaint_v the_o people_n of_o munster_n and_o conaght_n with_o the_o english_a government_n again_o which_o have_v not_o be_v in_o use_n among_o they_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 200._o year_n before_o he_o institute_v two_o presidency_n court_v in_o those_o two_o province_n place_v sir_n edward_n fitton_n in_o conaght_n and_o sir_n john_n perrot_n in_o munster_n to_o augment_v the_o king_n revenue_n in_o the_o same_o parliament_n upon_o the_o attainder_n of_o shane_n o_o neale_n he_o resume_v and_o vest_v in_o the_o crown_n more_o than_o half_a the_o provinne_v of_o ulster_n he_o raise_v the_o custom_n upon_o the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o reform_v the_o abuse_n of_o the_o exchequer_n by_o many_o good_a order_n and_o instruction_n send_v out_o of_o england_n and_o last_o he_o establish_v the_o composition_n of_o the_o pale_a in_o lieu_n of_o purveyance_n and_o sess_z of_o soldier_n these_o be_v good_a proceed_n in_o the_o work_n of_o reformation_n but_o there_o be_v many_o defect_n and_o omission_n withal_o for_o though_o he_o reduce_v all_o conaght_n into_o county_n he_o never_o send_v any_o justice_n of_o assize_n to_o visit_v that_o province_n but_o place_v commissioner_n there_o who_o govern_v it_o only_o in_o a_o course_n of_o discretion_n part_v martial_a and_o part_v civil_a again_o in_o the_o law_n that_o do_v abolish_v the_o irish_a captainship_n he_o give_v way_n for_o the_o revive_n thereof_o again_o by_o except_v such_o as_o shall_v be_v grant_v by_o letter_n patent_n from_o the_o crown_n which_o exception_n do_v indeed_o take_v away_o the_o force_n of_o that_o law_n for_o no_o governor_n during_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n do_v refuse_v to_o grant_v any_o of_o those_o captainship_n to_o any_o pretend_a irish_a lord_n who_o will_v desire_v and_o with_o his_o thankfulness_n deserve_v the_o same_o and_o again_o though_o the_o great_a part_n of_o ulster_n be_v vest_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o actual_a and_o real_a possession_n of_o the_o crown_n yet_o be_v there_o never_o any_o seizure_n make_v thereof_o nor_o any_o part_n thereof_o bring_v into_o charge_n but_o the_o irish_a be_v permit_v to_o take_v all_o the_o profit_n without_o render_v any_o duty_n or_o acknowledgement_n for_o the_o same_o and_o though_o the_o name_n of_o o_o neale_n be_v damn_v by_o that_o act_n and_o the_o assume_v thereof_o make_v high-treason_n yet_o after_o that_o be_v tirlagh_n leynnagh_n suffer_v to_o bear_v that_o title_n and_o to_o intrude_v upon_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o yet_o be_v often_o entertain_v by_o the_o state_n with_o favour_n neither_o be_v these_o land_n resume_v by_o the_o act_n of_o two_o of_o elizabeth_n neglect_v only_o for_o the_o abbey_n and_o religious_a house_n in_o tyrone_n tirconnell_n and_o fermanagh_n though_o they_o be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o 33._o of_o henry_n 8._o be_v never_o survey_v nor_o reduce_v into_o charge_n but_o be_v continua_o possess_v by_o the_o religious_a person_n until_o his_o majesty_n that_o now_o be_v come_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o that_o which_o be_v more_o strange_a the_o donation_n of_o bishopric_n be_v a_o flower_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v ever_o retain_v in_o all_o their_o dominion_n when_o the_o pope_n usurp_a authority_n be_v at_o the_o high_a there_o be_v three_o bishopric_n in_o ulster_n namely_o derry_n rapho_n and_o clogh_a which_o neither_o queen_n elizabeth_n nor_o any_o of_o her_o progenitor_n do_v ever_o bestow_v though_o they_o be_v the_o undoubted_a patron_n thereof_o so_o as_o king_n james_n be_v the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n that_o do_v ever_o supply_v these_o see_v with_o bishop_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n either_o of_o great_a negligence_n or_o of_o great_a weakness_n in_o the_o state_n and_o governor_n of_o those_o time_n and_o thus_o far_o proceed_v sir_n henry_n sidney_n perrot_n after_o he_o sir_n john_n perrot_n who_o hold_v the_o last_o parliament_n in_o this_o kingdom_n do_v advance_v the_o reformation_n in_o three_o principal_a point_n first_o in_o establish_v the_o great_a composition_n of_o conaght_n in_o which_o service_n the_o wisdom_n and_o industry_n of_o sir_n richard_n bingham_n do_v concur_v with_o he_o next_o in_o reduce_v the_o unreformed_a part_n of_o ulster_n into_o seven_o shire_n namely_o adrmagh_n monahan_n tirone_n colerain_n donagall_n fermannagh_n and_o cavan_n though_o in_o his_o time_n the_o law_n be_v never_o execute_v in_o these_o new_a county_n by_o any_o sheriff_n or_o justice_n of_o assize_n but_o the_o people_n leave_v to_o be_v rule_v still_o by_o their_o own_o barbarous_a lord_n and_o law_n and_o last_o by_o vest_v in_o the_o crown_n the_o land_n of_o desmond_n and_o his_o adherent_n in_o munster_n and_o plant_v the_o same_o with_o english_a though_o that_o plantation_n be_v imperfect_a in_o many_o point_n after_o sir_n john_n perrot_n reformation_n sir_n william_n fitz-williams_n do_v good_a service_n in_o two_o other_o point_n first_o in_o raise_v a_o composition_n in_o munster_n and_o then_o in_o settle_v the_o possession_n both_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o tenant_n in_o monahan_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o last_o act_n of_o state_n tend_v to_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n that_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n thus_o we_o see_v by_o what_o degree_n and_o what_o policy_n and_o success_n the_o governor_n of_o this_o land_n from_o time_n to_o time_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o have_v endeavour_v to_o reform_v and_o reduce_v this_o people_n to_o the_o perfect_a obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o we_o find_v that_o before_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n they_o do_v chief_o endeavour_v to_o bring_v back_o the_o degenerate_a english_a colony_n to_o their_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n not_o respect_v the_o mere_a irish_a who_o they_o repute_v as_o alien_n or_o enemy_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o after_o king_n henry_n 7._o have_v unite_v the_o rose_n they_o labour_v to_o reduce_v both_o english_a and_o irish_a together_o which_o work_n to_o what_o pass_n and_o perfection_n it_o be_v bring_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o qu._n elizabeth_n reign_n have_v be_v before_o declare_v whereof_o sometime_o when_o i_o do_v consider_v i_o do_v in_o my_o own_o conceit_n compare_v these_o late_a governor_n who_o go_v about_o to_o reform_v the_o civil_a affair_n in_o ireland_n unto_o some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o israel_n of_o who_o it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o be_v good_a king_n but_o they_o do_v not_o cut_v down_o the_o grove_n and_o high_a place_n but_o suffer_v the_o people_n still_o to_o burn_v incense_n and_o commit_v idolatry_n in_o they_o so_o sir_n anthony_n saint-leger_n the_o earl_n of_o sussex_n sir_n henry_n sidney_n and_o sir_n john_n perrot_n be_v good_a governor_n but_o they_o do_v not_o abolish_v the_o irish_a custom_n nor_o execute_v the_o law_n in_o the_o irish_a country_n but_o suffer_v the_o people_n to_o worship_v their_o barbarous_a lord_n and_o to_o remain_v utter_o ignorant_a of_o their_o duty_n to_o god_n and_o the_o king_n and_o now_o i_o be_o come_v to_o the_o happy_a reign_n of_o my_o most_o gracious_a lord_n and_o master_n k._n james_n in_o who_o time_n as_o there_o have_v be_v a_o concurrence_n of_o many_o great_a felicity_n reign_n so_o this_o among_o other_o may_v be_v number_v in_o the_o first_o rank_n that_o all_o the_o defect_n in_o the_o government_n of_o ireland_n speak_v of_o before_o have_v be_v full_o supply_v in_o the_o first_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n in_o which_o time_n there_o have_v be_v more_o do_v in_o the_o work_n and_o reformation_n of_o this_o kingdom_n than_o in_o the_o 440._o year_n which_o be_v pass_v since_o the_o conquest_n be_v first_o attempt_v howbeit_o i_o have_v no_o purpose_n in_o this_o discourse_n to_o set_v forth_o at_o large_a all_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o state_n here_o in_o reform_v of_o this_o kingdom_n since_o his_o majesty_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o part_n and_o passage_n thereof_o be_v so_o many_o as_o to_o express_v they_o full_o will_v require_v a_o several_a treatise_n beside_o i_o for_o my_o part_n since_o i_o have_v not_o flatter_v the_o former_a time_n but_o have_v plain_o lay_v open_v the_o negligence_n and_o error_n of_o every_o age_n that_o be_v past_a will_v not_o willing_o seem_v to_o flatter_v the_o present_a by_o amplify_a the_o diligence_n and_o true_a judgement_n of_o those_o servitor_n that_o have_v labour_v
in_o this_o vineyard_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o majesty_n happy_a reign_n i_o shall_v therefore_o summary_o without_o any_o amplification_n at_o all_o show_v in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o what_o degree_n all_o the_o defect_n which_o i_o have_v note_v before_o in_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v be_v supply_v since_o his_o majesty_n happy_a reign_n begin_v and_o so_o conclude_v these_o observation_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o ireland_n amend_v first_o then_o touch_v the_o martial_a affair_n i_o shall_v need_v to_o say_v little_a in_o regard_n that_o the_o war_n which_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n be_v end_v almost_o in_o the_o instant_n when_o the_o crown_n descend_v upon_o his_o majesty_n and_o so_o there_o remain_v no_o occasion_n to_o amend_v the_o former_a error_n commit_v in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o war._n howbeit_o sit_v hence_o his_o majesty_n have_v still_o maintain_v a_o army_n here_o as_o well_o for_o a_o seminary_n of_o martial_a man_n as_o to_o give_v strength_n and_o countenance_n to_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n i_o may_v just_o observe_v that_o this_o army_n have_v not_o be_v feed_v with_o coign_n and_o livery_n or_o sess_z with_o which_o extortion_n the_o soldier_n have_v be_v nourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o former_a prince_n but_o have_v be_v as_o just_o and_o royal_o pay_v as_o ever_o prince_n in_o the_o world_n do_v pay_v his_o man_n of_o war_n beside_o when_o there_o do_v arise_v a_o occasion_n of_o employment_n for_o this_o army_n against_o the_o rebel_n odoghertie_n neither_o do_v his_o majesty_n delay_v the_o reinforce_a thereof_o but_o instant_o send_v supply_n out_o of_o england_n and_o scotland_n neither_o do_v the_o martial_a man_n dally_v or_o prosecute_v the_o service_n faint_o but_o do_v forthwith_o quench_v that_o fire_n whereby_o themselves_o will_v have_v be_v the_o warm_a the_o long_a it_o have_v continue_v as_o well_o by_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o entertainment_n as_o by_o booty_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o country_n and_o thus_o much_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o note_v touch_v the_o amendment_n of_o the_o error_n in_o the_o martial_a affair_n second_o supply_v for_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o defect_n in_o the_o civil_a government_n these_o course_n have_v be_v pursue_v since_o his_o majesty_n prosperous_a reign_n begin_v first_o peace_n albeit_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n whereby_o tyrone_n universal_a rebellion_n be_v suppress_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n be_v break_v and_o prepare_v to_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o the_o state_n upon_o good_a reason_n do_v conceive_v that_o the_o public_a peace_n can_v not_o be_v settle_v till_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n be_v also_o quiet_v by_o secure_v they_o from_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o law_n which_o the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o have_v incur_v one_o way_n or_o other_o in_o that_o great_a and_o general_a confusion_n therefore_o first_o by_o a_o general_a act_n of_o state_n call_v the_o act_n of_o oblivion_n publish_v by_o proclamation_n under_o the_o great-seal_n all_o offence_n against_o the_o crown_n and_o all_o particular_a trespass_n between_o subject_a and_o subject_a do_v at_o any_o time_n before_o his_o majesty_n reign_n be_v to_o all_o such_o as_o will_v come_v in_o to_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n by_o a_o certain_a day_n and_o claim_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o act_n pardon_v remit_v and_o utter_o extinguish_v never_o to_o be_v revive_v or_o call_v in_o question_n and_o by_o the_o same_o proclamation_n all_o the_o irishry_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o former_a time_n be_v leave_v under_o the_o tyranny_n of_o their_o lord_n and_o chieftain_n and_o have_v no_o defence_n or_o justice_n from_o the_o crown_n be_v receive_v into_o his_o majesty_n immediate_a protection_n this_o breed_v such_o comfort_n and_o security_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o all_o man_n as_o there_o upon_o ensue_v the_o calm_a and_o most_o universal_a peace_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v in_o ireland_n the_o public_a peace_n be_v thus_o establish_v kingdom_n the_o state_n proceed_v next_o to_o establish_v the_o public_a justice_n in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o that_o end_n sir_n george_n cary_n who_o be_v a_o prudent_a governor_n and_o a_o just_a and_o make_v a_o fair_a entry_n into_o the_o right_a way_n of_o reform_v this_o kingdom_n do_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o majesty_n reign_n make_v the_o first_o sheriff_n that_o ever_o be_v make_v in_o tyrone_n and_o tirconnel_n and_o short_o after_o send_v sir_n edmund_n pelham_n chief_a baron_n and_o myself_o thither_o the_o first_o justice_n of_o assize_n that_o ever_o sit_v in_o those_o country_n and_o in_o that_o circuit_n we_o visit_v all_o the_o shire_n of_o that_o province_n beside_o which_o visitation_n though_o it_o be_v somewhat_o distasteful_a to_o the_o irish_a lord_n be_v sweet_a and_o most_o welcome_a to_o the_o common_a people_n who_o albeit_o they_o be_v rude_a and_o barbarous_a yet_o they_o quick_o apprehend_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n under_o which_o they_o live_v before_o and_o the_o just_a government_n and_o protection_n which_o we_o promise_v unto_o they_o for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v the_o law_n have_v make_v her_o progress_n into_o ulster_n with_o so_o good_a success_n sir_n arthur_n chichester_n who_o with_o singular_a industry_n wisdom_n and_o courage_n have_v now_o for_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o more_o prosecute_v the_o great_a work_n of_o reformation_n and_o bring_v it_o well-nee_a to_o a_o absolute_a perfection_n do_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o government_n establish_v two_o other_o new_a circuit_n for_o justice_n of_o assize_n the_o one_o in_o conaght_n and_o the_o other_o in_o munster_n i_o call_v they_o new_a circuit_n for_o that_o although_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o many_o record_n that_o justice_n itinerant_a have_v in_o former_a time_n be_v send_v into_o all_o the_o shire_n of_o munster_n and_o some_o part_n of_o conaght_n yet_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o in_o two_o hundred_o year_n before_o i_o speak_v much_o within_o compass_n no_o such_o commission_n have_v be_v execute_v in_o either_o of_o these_o two_o province_n but_o now_o the_o whole_a realm_n be_v divide_v into_o shire_n and_o every_o border_a territory_n whereof_o any_o doubt_n be_v make_v in_o what_o county_n the_o same_o shall_v lie_v be_v add_v or_o reduce_v to_o a_o county_n certain_a among_o the_o rest_n the_o mountain_n and_o glyns_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o dublin_n be_v late_o make_v a_o shire_n by_o itself_o and_o call_v the_o county_n of_o wicklow_n whereby_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v thorn_n in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o pale_a be_v become_v civil_a and_o quiet_a neighbour_n thereof_o the_o stream_n of_o the_o public_a justice_n be_v derive_v into_o every_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o benefit_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n communicate_v to_o all_o as_o well_o irish_a as_o english_a without_o distinction_n or_o respect_n of_o person_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o work_n of_o derive_v the_o public_a justice_n grow_v so_o great_a as_o that_o there_o be_v magna_fw-la messis_fw-la sed_fw-la operarii_fw-la pauci_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o number_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o every_o bench_n be_v increase_v which_o do_v now_o every_o half_a year_n like_o good_a planet_n in_o their_o several_a sphere_n or_o circle_n carry_v the_o â—ight_n and_o influence_n of_o justice_n round_o about_o the_o kingdom_n whereas_o the_o circuit_n in_o former_a time_n go_v but_o round_o about_o the_o pale_a like_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o cinosura_n about_o the_o pole_n quae_fw-la cursu_fw-la interiore_fw-la brevi_fw-la convertitur_fw-la orbe_fw-la upon_o these_o visitation_n of_o justice_n whereby_o the_o just_a and_o honourable_a law_n of_o england_n be_v impart_v and_o communicate_v to_o all_o the_o irishry_n kingdom_n there_o follow_v these_o excellent_a good_a effect_n first_o the_o common_a people_n be_v teach_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n that_o they_o be_v free_a subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o not_o slave_n and_o vassal_n to_o their_o pretend_a lord_n that_o the_o cut_n coshery_n sessing_n and_o other_o extortion_n of_o their_o lord_n be_v unlawful_a and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o any_o more_o submit_v themselves_o thereunto_o since_o they_o be_v now_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o so_o just_a and_o mighty_a a_o prince_n as_o both_o will_v and_o can_v protect_v they_o from_o all_o wrong_n and_o oppression_n they_o give_v a_o willing_a ear_n unto_o these_o lesson_n and_o thereupon_o the_o greatness_n and_o power_n of_o those_o irish_a lord_n over_o the_o people_n sudden_o fall_v and_o vanish_v when_o their_o oppression_n and_o extortion_n be_v take_v away_o which_o do_v maintain_v their_o greatness_n insomuch_o as_o divers_a of_o they_o who_o former_o
egypt_n in_o pharaoh_n dream_n devour_v the_o fat_a of_o england_n and_o yet_o remain_v as_o lean_a as_o it_o be_v before_o it_o will_v hereafter_o be_v as_o fruitful_a as_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n the_o description_n whereof_o in_o the_o 8._o of_o deutronomy_n do_v in_o every_o part_n agree_v with_o ireland_n be_v terra_n rivorum_fw-la aquarumque_fw-la &_o fontium_fw-la in_fw-la cujus_fw-la campis_n &_o montibus_fw-la erumpunt_fw-la fluviorum_fw-la abyssi_fw-la terra_fw-la frumenti_fw-la &_o hordei_fw-la terra_fw-la lactis_fw-la &_o mellis_fw-la ubi_fw-la absque_fw-la ulla_fw-la penuria_fw-la comedes_fw-la panem_fw-la tuum_fw-la &_o rerum_fw-la abundantia_fw-la perfrueris_fw-la and_o thus_o i_o have_v discover_v and_o express_v the_o defect_n and_o error_n as_o well_o in_o the_o manage_n of_o the_o martial_a affair_n as_o of_o the_o civil_a which_o in_o former_a age_n give_v impediment_n to_o the_o reduce_n of_o all_o ireland_n to_o the_o obedience_n and_o subjection_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n i_o have_v likewise_o observe_v what_o course_n have_v be_v take_v to_o reform_v the_o defect_n and_o error_n in_o government_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o people_n of_o this_o land_n to_o obedience_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n 3._o till_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o last_o i_o have_v declare_v and_o set_v forth_o how_o all_o the_o say_a error_n have_v be_v correct_v and_o the_o defect_n supply_v under_o the_o prosperous_a government_n of_o his_o majesty_n so_o as_o i_o may_v positive_o conclude_v in_o the_o same_o word_n which_o i_o have_v use_v in_o the_o title_n of_o this_o discourse_n that_o until_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o majesty_n reign_n ireland_n be_v never_o entire_o subdue_v and_o bring_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o since_o the_o crown_n of_o of_o this_o kingdom_n with_o the_o undoubted_a right_n and_o title_n thereof_o descend_v upon_o his_o majesty_n the_o whole_a island_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n have_v be_v bring_v into_o his_o highness_n peaceable_a possession_n and_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o every_o corner_n thereof_o have_v be_v absolute_o reduce_v under_o his_o immediate_a subjection_n in_o which_o condition_n of_o subject_n they_o will_v glad_o continue_v without_o defection_n or_o adhaer_v to_o any_o other_o lord_n or_o king_n as_o long_o as_o they_o may_v be_v protect_v and_o just_o govern_v without_o oppression_n on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o impunity_n on_o the_o other_o for_o there_o be_v no_o nation_n of_o people_n under_o the_o sun_n that_o do_v love_n equal_a and_o indifferent_a justice_n better_a than_o the_o irish_a or_o will_v rest_v better_o satisfy_v with_o the_o execution_n thereof_o although_o it_o be_v against_o themselves_o so_o as_o they_o may_v have_v the_o protection_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n when_o upon_o just_a cause_n they_o do_v desire_v it_o finis_fw-la two_o main_a impediment_n of_o the_o conquest_n the_o faint_a prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n what_o be_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n how_o the_o war_n have_v be_v prosecute_v since_o the_o 17_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la the_o first_o attempt_n but_o a_o adventure_n of_o private_a gentleman_n with_o what_o force_v the_o king_n himself_o come_v over_o archiu_fw-la remem_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la west_n what_o manner_n of_o conquest_n k._n henry_n the_o second_o make_v of_o ireland_n bodin_n de_fw-fr repub._n the_o true_a mark_n of_o sovereignty_n hoveden_n in_o henrico_n secundo_fw-la fol._n 312._o 6_o johannis_n claus_n membrana_fw-la 18.17_o johannis_n chart._n m._n 3._o 6._o hen._n 3._o chart_n m._n 2._o archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n â—2_n hen._n 3._o coâ—poâ—â—â—_n will_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr zouch_n 36._o hâ—n_n 3._o â—omâ—â—tus_fw-la huberti_fw-la de_fw-fr rouly_n how_o the_o warâ—_n be_v prosecute_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la geraldus_fw-la cambrensis_fw-la matth._n pacis_fw-la in_o richardo_n primo_fw-la â—â—_o 15_o 19_o matth._n paris_n this_o charter_n yet_o remain_v perfect_a with_o a_o entire_a seal_n in_o the_o treasury_n at_o westminster_n archiu_n in_o castro_n dublin_n &_o archiu_n turr._n 52â—_n hen._n 3_o patent_n m._n 9_o how_o the_o martial_a affair_n be_v carry_v from_o the_o 12_o year_n of_o king_n john_n to_o the_o 36._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n stat._n 10._o h._n 7._o c._n 4._o rot_n parliam_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n baron_fw-fr finglas_n manus_fw-la stat._n 10._o h_o 7._o cap._n 4._o rot._n parli_n in_o castro_n dublin_n stat._n 11._o h._n 4._o c._n 6._o baron_fw-fr finglas_n m._n s._n the_o army_n transmit_v with_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n the_o 36_o of_o edw._n 3._o archiu_fw-la remem_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la westm_n the_o manner_n of_o levy_v soldier_n informer_n age_n what_o service_n lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n perform_v archiu_fw-la tur._n 36._o edw._n 3_o claus_n m._n 21._o in_o dorso_fw-la &_o m._n 30._o â—â—r_fw-fr will._n windsor_n lieutenant_n 47_o ed._n 3._o his_o force_n &_o service_n 47_o ed_n 3._o claus_n m._n 1._o stow_z in_o rich_a 2._o the_o state_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o ireland_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 3._o walsingham_n in_o rich._n 2._o archiu_fw-la turr._n 11_o h._n 3._o patent_n m._n 3._o 21_o ed._n 3._o m._n 41._o 47_o ed._n 3._o clau_n per_n 2._o m._n 24._o &_o 26._o archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n holinshed_n in_o r._n 2._o archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n 5_o edw_n 3_o how_o the_o war_n proceed_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o 3_o rich._n 2._o archiu_fw-la tur_o rot._n parl._n 42._o pat._n 2._o pars_fw-la 9_o rich._n 2._o m._n 24._o walsingham_n in_o rich._n 2._o annal_n tho._n otterbourne_n manuscript_n stow_z in_o rich._n 2d_o archiu_fw-la in_o officio_fw-la rememorat_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la westmon_n holinshed_n in_o richard_n the_o 2._o henry_n 4._o the_o lord_n thomas_n of_o lancaster_n his_o service_n archiu_fw-la rememorat_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la westm_n henry_n 5._o the_o lord_n furnival_n his_o service_n alb._n libr._n scacc._n dublin_n henry_n 6._o richard_n duke_z of_o york_z his_o service_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n holinshed_n in_o henry_n the_o six_o rot._n parl._n in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la tur._n 17._o hen._n 6._o clausam_fw-la 20._o manuscript_n of_o baron_n finglas_n holinshed_n in_o hen._n 6._o edw._n 4._o how_o the_o war_n be_v maintain_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edw._n 4._o holinshed_n in_o edw._n 4._o book_n of_o howth_n mâ—rus_n the_o fraternity_n of_o saint_n george_n in_o ireland_n 14._o of_o edw._n 4._o rot._n parl._n dublin_n henry_n 7._o how_o the_o war_n be_v prosecute_v in_o time_n of_o k_o hen._n 7._o arâ—â—â—â—_n remem_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la west_n the_o book_n of_o howth_n manus_n holinshead_n in_o hen._n 7._o sir_n ed_n poynings_n service_n rot._n parl._n in_o castro_n dublin_n the_o book_n of_o howth_n the_o battle_n of_o knocktow_n henry_n 8._o how_o the_o war_n be_v carry_v during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o the_o earl_n of_o surry_v service_n the_o lord_n leonard_n gray_n service_n the_o fight_n at_o belahoo_n book_n of_o howth_n manus_fw-la sir_n anthony_n st._n leger_n sir_n edw._n bâ—llingham_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edw._n 6._o archiu_fw-la remem_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la west_n '_o tho_o earl_n of_o sussex_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n queen_n elizabeth_z how_o the_o war_n be_v prosecute_v in_o the_o time_n of_o qu_n elizabeth_n shane_n o_fw-fr neales_n rebellion_n archiu_fw-la remem_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la westm_n desmonds_n rebellion_n tyrones_n rebellion_n four_o main_a defect_n in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o war._n why_o none_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n before_o qu._n elizabeth_n do_v finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la how_o the_o several_a king_n of_o england_n be_v divert_v from_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n king_n henry_n 2._o the_o book_n of_o howth_n manus_n rich._n 1._o k._n john_n henry_n 3_o edw._n 1._o archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n edw._n 2._o annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n manuscript_n of_o friar_n clinn_n rubr._n libr._n scac._n dublin_n edw._n 3._o annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o cam_n den_n rich._n 2._o henry_n 4._o henry_n 5._o annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n henry_n 6._o holinshed_n in_o hen._n 6._o manuscript_n of_o baron_n finglas_n edw._n 4._o rich._n 3._o henry_n 7._o henry_n 8._o king_n edward_n 6._o and_o qu._n mary_n qu._n elizabeth_n 2._o the_o defect_n in_o the_o civil_a policy_n &_o government_n 1._o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o give_v to_o the_o mere_a irish_a matth._n paris_n hist_o major_a fol._n 121._o matth._n paris_n histor_n major_a 220_o b._n