vs with their Ordnances and put vs in minde we had another worke in hand Whereupon we separated the dead and hurt bodies and manned the ship with the rest and were so well incouraged wee waifed them amaine The Admirall stood aloofe off and the other would not come within Falcon shot where she lay battering vs till shee receiued another paiment from a Demiculuering which made her beare with the shore for smooth water to mend her leakes The next morning they both came vp againe with vs as if they had determined to deuour vs at once but it seemed it was but a brauado though they forsooke not our quarter for a time within Musket shot yet all the night onely they kept vs company but made not a shot During which time we had leasure to prouide vs better than before but God bethanked they made onely but a shew of another aâ—sault ere suddenly the Vice-admirall fell a starne and the other lay shaking in the wind and so they both left vs. The fight continued six houres and was the more vnwelcome because we were so ill prouided and had no intent to sight nor giue occasion to disturbe them As for the losse of men if Religion had not taught vs what by the prouidence of God is brought to passe yet daily experience might informe vs of the dangers of wars and perils at sea by stormes tempests shipwracks encounters with Pirats meeting with enemies crosse winds long voâ—ages vnknowne shores barbarous Nations and an hundred inconueniences of which humane pollicies are not capable nor mens coniectures apprehensiue We lost Doctor Bohun a worthy valianâ— Gentleman a long time brought vp amongst the most learned Surgeons and Physitions in Netherlands and this his second iourney to Virginia and seuen slaine out right two died shortly of their wounds sixteâ—nâ— was shot whose limbs God be thanked was recouered without maime and now setled in Virginia how many they lost we know not but we saw a great many lie on the decks and their skuppers runne with bloud they were abouâ— three hundred tunnes a peece each sixteene or twentie Brasse peeces Captaine Chester who in this fight had behaued himselfe like a most vigilant resolute and a couragious souldier as also our honest and valiant master did still so comfort and incourage vs by all the meanes they could at last to all our great contents we arriued in Virginia and from thence returned safely to England The Names of the Aduenturers for Virginia Alphabetically set downe according to a printed Booke set out by the Treasurer and Councell in this present yeere 1620. A SIr William Aliffe Sir Roger Aston Sir Anthony Ashley Sir Iohn Akland Sir Anthonie Aucher Sir Robert Askwith Doctor Francis Anthony Charles Anthony Edward Allen. Edmund Allen Esquire Iohn Allen. Thomas Allen. William Atkinson Esquire Richard Ashcroft Nicholas Andrews Iohn Andrews the elder Iohn Andrews the youngeâ— Iames Ascough Giles Allington Morris Abbot Ambrose Asten Iames Askew Anthony Abdey Iohn Arundell Esquire B Edward Earle of Bedford Iames Lord Bishop of Bathe and Wells Sir Francis Barrington Sir Morice Barkley Sir Iohn Benet Sir Thomas Beamont Sir Amias Bamfield Sir Iohn Bourcher Sir Edmund Bowyer Sir Thomas Bludder Sir George Bolles Sir Iohn Bingley Sir Thomas Button Sir Henry Beddingfield Companie of Barbers-Surgeons Companie of Bakers Richard Banister Iohn Bancks Miles Bancks Thomas Barber William Bonham Iames Bryerley William Barners Anthony Barners Esquire William Brewster Richard Brooke Hugh Brooker Esquire Ambrose Brewsey Iohn Brooke Matthew Bromridge Christopher Brooke Esquire Martin Bond. Gabriel Beadle Iohn Beadle Dauid Borne Edward Barnes Iohn Badger Edmund Branduell Robert Bowyer Esquire Bobert Bateman Thomas Britton Nicholas Benson Edward Bishop Peter Burgoney Thomas Burgoney Robert Burgoney Christopher Baron Peter Benson Iohn Baker Iohn Bustoridge Francis Burlâ—y William Browne Robert Barker Samuel Burnham Edward Barkley William Bennet Captaine Edward Brewster Thomas Brocket Iohn Bullock George Bache Thomas Bayly William Barkley George Butler Timothie Bathurst George Burton Thomas Bret. Captaine Iohn Brough Thomas Baker Iohn Blunt Thomas Bayly Richard and Edward Blunt Mineon Burrell Richard Blackmore William Bâ—ck Beniamin Brand. Iohn Busbridge William Burrell William Barret Francis Baldwin Edward Bâ—rber Humphrey Basse. Robert Bell. Matthew Bromrick Iohn Beaumont George Barkley Peter Bartle Thomas Bretton Iohn Blount Arthur Bromfeld Esquire William Bâ—rbloke Charles Beck C George Lord Archbishop of Canterburie William Lord Cranborne now Earle of Salisburie William Lord Compton now Earle of North-hampton William Lord Cauendish now Earle of Deuonshire Richard Earle of Clanricard Sir William Cauendish now Lord Cauendish Gray Lord Chandos Sir Henry Cary. Sir George Caluert Sir Lionell Cranfield Sir Edward Cecill Sir Robert Cotten Sir Oliuer Cromwell Sir Anthony Cope Sir Walter Cope Sir Edward Carr. Sir Thomas Conisbie Sir George Cary. Sir Edward Conwey Sir Walter Chute Sir Edward Culpeper Sir Henry Cary Captaine Sir William Crauen Sir Walter Couert Sir George Coppin Sir George Chute Sir Thomas Couentry Sir Iohn Cutts Lady Cary. Company of Cloth-workers Citie of Chichester Robert Chamberlaine Richard Chamberlaine Francis Couill William Coyse Esquire Abraham Chamberlaine Thomas Carpenter Anthony Crew Richard Cox William Crosley Iames Chatfeild Richard Caswell Iohn Cornelis Randall Carter Executâ—rs of Randall Carter William Canning Edward Carue Esquire Thomas Cannon Esquire Richard Champion Rawley Crashaw Henry Collins Henry Cromwell Iohn Cooper Richard Cooper Ioâ—n Casson Thomas Colthâ—rst Allâ—n Cotten Edward Cage Abraham Carthwright Robert Coppin Thomas Conock Ioâ—n Clapham Thomas Church William Carpenter Laurence Campe. Iames Cambell Christopher Clâ—theroe Matthew Cooper Georgâ— Chamber Captaine Iohn Cooke Câ—ptaine Thomas Conwey Esquire Edward Culpeper Esquire Master William Crashaw Abraham Colmâ—r Iohn Culpeper Edmund Colbey Richard Cooper Robert Creswell Iohn Cage Esquire Matthew Caue William Crowe Abraham Carpenter Iohn Crowe Thomas Cordell Richard Connock Esquire William Compton William Chester Thâ—mas Couel Richard Carmarden Esquire William and Paul Canning Hâ—nry Cromwell Esquire Simon Codrington Clement Chichley Iames Cullemore William Cantrell D Richard Earle of Dorset Edward Lord Dâ—nny Sir Iohn Digbie now Lord Digbie Sir Iohn Doderidge Sir Drew Drewry the elder Sir Thomas Dennis Sir Robert Drewry Sir Iohn Dauers Sir Dudley Digs Sir Marmaduke Dorrel Sir Thomas Dale Sir Thomas Denton Companie of Drapers Thomas Bond Esquire Dauid Bent Esquire Comanie of Dyers Towne of Douer Master Richard Deaâ—e Alderman Henry Dawkes Edward Dichfield William Dunne Iohn Dauis Matthew Dâ—quâ—stâ—r Philip Durdent Abraham Dawes Iohn Dike Thomas Draper Lancelot Dauis Rowley Dawsey William Dobson Esquire Anthony Dyot Esquire Auery Dranfield Roger Dye Iohn Downes Iohn Drake Iohn Delbridge Beniamin Decroâ— Thomas Dyke Ieffery Duppa Daniel Darnelly Sara Draper Clement and Henry Dawkneâ— E Thomas Earle of Exeter Sir Thomas Euerfield Sir Francis Egiock Sir Robert Edolph Iohn Eldred Esquire William Euans Richard Euans Hugh Euans Raph Ewens Esquire Iohn Elkin Robert Euelin Nicholas Exton Iohn Exton George Etheridge F Sir Moyle Finch Sir Henry Fanshaw
Sir Thomas Freake Sir Peter Fretchuile Sir William Flâ—â—twood Sir Henry Fane Company of Fishmongers Iohn Fletcher Iohn Farmer Martin Freâ—man Esquire Ralph Freeman William and Ralph Frâ—â—man Michael Fetiplace VVilliam Fettiplace Thomas Forrest Edward Flâ—etwood Esquire William Fâ—lgate William Field Nicholâ—s Fâ—rrar Iohn Farrar Giles Francis Edward Fawcet Richard Farrington Iohn Francklin Richard Frith Iohn Ferne. George Farmer Thomas Francis Iohn Fenner Nicholas Fuller Esquire Thomas Fâ—xall William Flâ—et Peter Franck Esquire Richard Fishborne VVilliam Faldoe Iohn Fletcher and Company VVilliam Ferrars G Lady Elizabeth Gray Sir Iohn Gray Sir VVilliam Godolfine Sir Thomas Gates Sir VVilliam Gee Sir Riâ—hard Grobham Sir VVilliam Garaway Sir Francis Goodwin Sir George Goring Sir Thomas Grantham Company of Grocers Company of Goldsmiths Company of Girdlers Iohn Geering Iohn Gardiner Richard Gardiner Iohn Gilbert Thomas Graue Iohn Gray Nicholas Griece Richard Goddard Thomas Gipps Peter Gates Thomas Gibbs Esquire Laurence Greene. William Greenwell Robert Garset Robert Gore Thomas Gouge Francis Glanuile Esquire G Henry Earle of Huntington Lord Theophilus Haward L. Walden Sir Iohn Harrington L. Harington Sir Iohn Hollis now Lord Hautein Sir Thomas Holecroft Sir William Harris Sir Thomas Harefleet Sir George Haiward Sir VVarwicke Heale Sir Baptist Hicks Sir Iohn Hanham Sir Thomas Horwell Sir Thomas Hewit Sir VVilliam Herrick Sir Eustace Hart. Sir Pory Huntley Sir Arthur Harris Sir Edward Heron. Sir Perseuall Hart. Sir Ferdinando Heiborne Sir Lawrence Hide Master Hugh Hamersley Alderman Master Richard Heron Alderman Richard Humble Esquire Master Richard Hackleuit Edward Harrison George Holeman Robert Hill Griffin Hinton Iohn Hawkins VVilliam Hancocke Iohn Harper George Hawger Iohn Holt. Iohn Huntley Ieremy Heiden Ralph Hamer Ralph Hamer Iunior Iohn Hodgeson Iohn Hanford Thomas Harris Richard Howell Thomas Henshaw Leonard Harwood Tristram Hill Francis Haselridge Tobias Hinson Peter Heightley George Hawkenson Thomas Hackshaw Charles Hawkens Iohn Hodgis William Holland Robert Hartley Gregory Herst Thomas Hodgis William Hodgis Roger Harris Iohn Harris M. Iohn Haiward Iames Haiward Nicholas Hide Esquire Iohn Hare Esquire William Hackwell Esquire Gressam Hoogan Humfrey Hanford William Haselden Nicholas Hooker Doctor Anthony Hunten Iohn Hodsale George Hooker Anthony Hinton Iohn Hogsell Thomas Hampton William Hicks William Holiland Ralph Harison Harman Harison I Sir Thomas Iermyn Sir Robert Iohnson Sir Arthur Ingram Sir Francis Iones Company of Ironmongers Company of Inholders Company of Imbroyderers Bailiffes of Ipswich Henry Iackson Richard Ironside M. Robert Iohnson Alderman Thomas Iones William Iobson Thomas Iohnson Thomas Iadwine Iohn Iosua George Isam Philip Iacobson Peter Iacobson Thomas Iuxson Senior Iames Iewell Gabriel Iaques Walter Iobson Edward Iames. Zachary Iones Esquire Anthony Irbye Esquire William I-anson Humfrey Iobson K Sir Valentine Knightley Sir Robert Killegrew Sir Charles Kelke Sir Iohn Kaile Richard Kirrill Iohn Kirrill Raph King Henry Kent Towne of Kingslynne Iohn Kettleby Esquire Walter Kirkham Esquire L Henry Earle of Lincolne Robert L. Lisle now Earle of Leicester Thomas Lord Laware Sir Francis Leigh Sir Richard Lowlace Sir William Litton Sir Iohn Lewson Sir William Lower Sir Samuel Leonard Sir Samson Leonard Company of Lethersellers Thomas Laughton William Lewson Peter Latham Peter Van Lore Henry Leigh Thomas Leuar Christofer Landman Morris Lewellin Edward Lewis Edward Lewkin Peter Lodge Thomas Layer Thomas Lawson Francis Lodge Iohn Langlâ—y Dauid Loide Iohn Leuitâ— Thomas Fox and Luke Lodge Captaine Richard Linley Arnold Lulls William Lawrence Iâ—hn Landman Nicholas Lichfield Nicholas Leate Gedâ—on de Laune M Philâ—p Earle of Montgomerie Doctor George Mountaine now Lord Bishop of Lincolne William Lord Mounteagle now Lord Morley Sir Thomas Mansell Sir Thomas Mildmay Sir William Maynard Sir Humfrey May. Sir Peter Manhood Sir Iohn Merrick Sir George More Sir Robert Mansell Sir Arthur Mannering Sir Dauid Murrey Sir Edward Michelborn Sir Thomas Middleton Sir Robert Miller Sir Caualiero Maicott Doctor Iames Meddas Richard Martin Esquire Company of Mercers Company of Merchant Taylors Otho Mowdite Captaine Iohn Martin Arthur Mouse Adrian More Thomas Mountford Thomas Morris Ralph Moorton Francis Mapes Richard Maplesden Iames Monger Peter Monsell Robert Middleton Thomas Maile Iohn Martin Iosias Maude Richard Morton George Mason Thomas Maddock Richard Moore Nicholas Moone Alfonsus van Medkerk Captaine Henry Meoles Philip Mutes Thomas Mayall Humfrey Marret Iaruis Munaz Robert Mildmay William Millet Richard Morer Iohn Miller Thomas Martin Iohn Middleton Francis Middleton N Dudly Lord North. Francis Lord Norris Sir Henry Neuill of Barkshire Thomas Nicols Christopher Nicols VVilliam Nicols George Newce Ioseph Newberow Christopher Newgate Thomas Norincott Ionathan Nuttall Thomas Norton O William Oxenbridge Esquire Robert Ossley Francis Oliuer P VVilliam Earle of Pembroke VVilliam Lord Paget Iohn Lord Petre. George Percy Esquire Sir Christofer Parkins Sir Amias Preston Sir Nicholas Parker Sir VVilliam Poole Sir Stephen Powell Sir Henry Peyton Sir Iames Perrot Sir Iohn Pettus Sir Robert Payne VVilliam Payne Iohn Payne Edward Parkins Edward Parkins his widow Aden Perkins Thomas Perkin Richard Partridge William Palmer Miles Palmer Robert Parkhurst Richard Perciuall Esquire Richard Poyntell George Pretty George Pit Allen Percy Abraham Peirce Edmund Peirce Phenice Pet. Thomas Philips Henry Philpot. Master George Procter Robert Penington Peter Peate Iohn Prat. William Powell Edmund Peashall Captaine William Proude Henry Price Nicholas Pewriffe Thomas Pelham Richard Piggot Iohn Pawlet Esquire Robert Pory Richard Paulson Q William Quicke R Sir Robert Rich now Earle of Warwicke Sir Thomas Row Sir Henry Rainsford Sir William Romney Sir Iohn Ratcliffe Sir Steuen Ridlesdon Sir William Russell Master Edward Rotheram Alderman Robert Rich. Tedder Roberts Henry Robinson Iohn Russell Richard Rogers Arthur Robinson Robert Robinson Millicent Ramsden Iohn Robinson George Robins Nichalas Rainton Henry Rolffe Iohn Reignolds Elias Roberts Henry Reignolds Esquire William Roscarrocke Esquire Humfrey Raymell Richard Robins S Henry Earle of Southampton Thomas Earle of Suffolke Edward Semer Earle of Hartford Robert Earle of Salisbury Mary Countesse of Shrewâ—bury Edmund Lord Sheffeld Robert Lord Spencer Iohn Lord Stanhope Sir Iohn Saint-Iohn Sir Thomas Smith Sir Iohn Samms Sir Iohn Smith Sir Edwin Sandys Sir Samuel Sandys Sir Steuen Some Sir Raph Shelton Sir Thomas Stewkley Sir William Saint-Iohn Sir William Smith Sir Richard Smith Sir Martin Sinteuill Sir Nicolas Salter Doctor Matthew Sutcliffe of Exeter Captaine Iohn Smith Thomas Sandys Esquire Henry Sandys Esquire George Sandys Esquire Company of Skinners Company of Salters Company of Stationers Iohn Stokley Richard Staper Robert Singleton Thomas Shipton Cleophas Smith Richard Strongtharâ— Hildebrand Spruson Matthew Scriuener Othowell Smith George Scot. Hewet Staperâ— Iames Swift Richard Stratford Edmund Smith Robert Smith Matthias Springham Richard Smith Edward Smith Ionathan Smith Humfrey Smith Iohn Smith George Swinhow Ioseph Some William Sheckley Iohn Southick Henry Shelley Walter Shelley Richard Snarsborow George Stone Hugh Shepley William Strachey Vrion Spencer Iohn Scarpe Thomas Scott William Sharpe Steuen Sparrow Thomas Stokes Richard Shepard Henry Spranger William Stonnard
Antimony pag. 55 58. How to deale with the Salvages Smith neare killed with a Stingray With many other Accidents in the discovery A needlesse misery at Iames towne redressed pag. 58 59. The second Voyage to discover the Bay Their Incounter with the Massawomekes and Tockwhoghs the Sasquesahanoughs offer subiectio to the English The exceeding loue of the Salvage Mosâ—o Their fight with the Rapahanocks their fight with the Manahokes The King of Haslaâ—ingâ—'s brother taken prisoner his relation of those mountainers pâ—ac◠〈◊〉 with all those Nations pag. 5â—-64 The â—iscovery of the râ—ver Payankatank then sight with the Nâ—ndsamunds Chisapeacks their returne to Iames town p. 65. The Presidency surrendred to Cap. Smith The second Supply by Captaine Newport many Presents sent from England to Powhatan his scorne Consultations factions suppressed Cap. Smith visiteth Powhatan Pocahontas entertaines him with a Maske the Coronation of Powhatan and Conditions pag. 68. The discovery of the Monacans a punishment for swearing the Chickahamanians forced to Contribution the abuses of the Mariners Master Scriveners voyage to Werowocomoco pag. 68 70. Captaine Smiths Relation to England of the estate of the Colony the names of them arrived in this Supply pag. 71.72 Nandsamund forced to Contribution The first Marriage in Virginia Apamatuck discovered pag. 73. Captaine Smiths iourney to Pamavnkee The discovery of the Chawwonocks Smiths discourse to Powhatan His reply and slattery and his discourse of Peace and Warre Powhatans plot to murther Smith discovered by his daughter Pocahontas pag. 77. Their escape at Pamavnkee The Dutchmen deceiue Captaine Winne and arme the Salvages sixteene English beset by seven hundred Salvages Smith takes their King Opechankanough prisoner the Salvages excuse reconcilement p. 77. 80. Master Scrivener and others drowned Master Wiffins desperate iourney to Pamavnkee Powhatan constraines his men again to be trecherous he is forced to fraught their Ship Smith poysoned the Dutch mens trechery pag. 80 82. The Dutch-mens plot to murther Smith He taketh the King of Paspahegh prisoner and others they become all subiect to the English pag. 84. A Salvâ—ge smoothered yet recovered three or foure Salvages slaine in drying stolne powder Great extremity occasioned by ratts Bread made of dryed Sturgeon the punishment for loyterers the discovery of the Mangoags Captaine Argals first arrivall the inconveniences in a Plantation p. 84 89. The government altered the arrivall of the third Supply mutinies Nandsamund planted breach of peace with the Salvages Powhatans chiefe seat bought for Copper Mutinies pag. 90.91 Captaine Smith blowne vp with Gun-powder a bloudy intent the causes why he left the Country and his Commission his returne for England the ends of the Dutch-men Certaine Verses of seaven Gentlemen p 95. The fourth Booke With their Proceedings after the alteration of the Government HOw the mutiners proceeded the Salvage revolt the planting point Comfort Them at Nandsamund and the Fals defeated by the Salvages Captaine Ratliff with thirtie slaine by Powhatan The fruits of improvidence The arrivall of Sir Thomas Gates Iames Towne abandoned The arrivall of the Lord La Warre their actions and both their returnes pag. 105 108. The government left to Captaine Percie his proceedings The arrivall of Sir Thomas Dale and his actions pag. 109 110. The second arrivall of Sir Thomas Gates the building Henerico and the Bermudas how Captaine Argall tooke Pocahontas prisoner Dales voyage to Pamavnkee The marriage of Pocahontas to Master Rolfe Articles of Peace with the Salvages p. 110. 114. The government left to Sir Thomas Dale Captaine Argals voyage to port Royall Master Hamers to Powhatan and their Accidents pag. 115.116 The manner of the Lottery A Spanish Shippe in Virginia Dale with Pocahontas comes for England Capt. Yerley left Deputy Governour his warres and peace with the Chickahamanians and proceedings pag. 117 121. A relation to Queene Anne of the quality conditioÌ„ of Pocahontas how the Queen entertained her Capt. Argall sent governor the death of Powhatan ten English slaine Argals accidents and proceedings The Lord de la Warre sent againe governour his death A relation of their present estates Haile-stones 8. inches about pag. 121 125. Sir George Yerley sent gâ—vernor Waraskoyack planted A parliament in Virginia foure Corporations appointed the adventures of Cap. Ward the number of ships and men sent this yeare gifts given Patents granted pag. 125 127. A desperate Sea fight by Captaine Chester with two Spanish men of warre the names of the Adventurers pag. 128 138. Notes and observations A relation of their estates by Master Stockam The arrivall of Sir Francis Wyat with nine ships Master Gockings plantation and their accidents the number of ships and men sent this yeare gifts given Patents granted p. 139 141. Master Poties iourneyes to Pawtuxunt and other places with his accidents pag. 141. 143. Capt. Each sent to build Forts and Barks The cause and manner of the Massacre the numbers slaine the providence of Cap. Nuse Cap. Chroshaw his voyage to Patowomek pag. 143 151. Capt. Smiths offer to the Company to suppresse the Salvages Their answer the manner of the Satlery Chroshaw stayes at Patawomek the escape of Waters and his wife Cap. Hamar goes to Patawomek Chroshaws plot for all their preservations Capt. Madison sent to Patawomek Cap. Powell kils three Salvages Sir George Yerleys iourney to Acomack The misery of Captaine Nuse The kindness of the King of Patawomek a vile policy of a Salvage Madisons mischiefe vnto the Patawomeks It was not well don to make Opechankanough drinke healths 300. surpriseth Nandsamund and Pamavnkee The opinion of Cap. Smith how to subiect the Salvages The arriuall of Cap. Butler in Virginia and other Accidents pag. 152 161. The losse of Cap. Spilman and 26. men A particular of such necessaries as are fit for private persons or families pag. 161.162 A briefe relation by Cap. Smith to his Maiâ—sties Commissioners for the reformation of Virginia The 7 questions the right Worthie Commissioners demanded and his answers how the King hath pleased to take it into his consideration pag. 163 168. At this present two ships are going more a preparing new Commissions sent A Proclamation no Tobacco be vsed in EnglaÌ„d but what shall come from Virginia or the Somer Isles quere the Proclamation The fift Booke A Mappe of the Somer Isles and Fortresses The description of the Isles the fruits fishes soyle ayre beasts birds with the relation of the shipwrack of Henry May. pag. 169 173. The shipwrack of Sir Tho Gates and Sir George Somers their accidents deliveraÌ„ce and arrivall in Virginia Somers returne to the Isles his death and Epitaph the accidents hapned three men lived there alone two yeares pag. 174 177. Master More sent to make a plantation A peece of Amber Greece found of 80. pound weight much dissension Mores industrie in fortifying and waighing Ordnance out of the wraâ—ks Their first Supply a strange increase of Potatoes The attempt of 2 Spanish ships a great mortality a strange being
Poles with some others to the number of seaventie persons c. These poore conclusions so affrighted vs all with famine that the President provided for Nâ—ndsamund and tooke with him Captaine Winne and Mr Scrivener then returning from Captaine Newport These people also long denied him not onely the 400 Baskets of Corne thâ—y promised but any trade at all excusing themselues they had â—pent most they had and were commanded by Powhatan to keepe that they had and not to let vs come into their river till we were constrained to begin with them perforce Vpon the discharging of our Muskets they all fled and shot not an Arrow the first house we came to we set on fire which when they perceiued they desired we would make no more spoyle and they would giue vs halfe they had how they collected it I know not but before night they loaded our three Boats and so we returned to our quarter some foure myles downe the River which was onely the open woods vnder the lay of a hill where all the ground was covered with snow and hard frozen the snow we digged away and made a great fire in the place when the ground was well dryed we turned away the fire and covering the place with a mat there we lay very warme To keepe vs from the winde we made a shade of another Mat as the winde turned we turned our shade and when the ground grew cold we remoued the fire And thus many a cold winter night haue wee laine in this miserable manner yet those that most commonly went vpon all those occasions were alwayes in health lusty and sat For sparing them this yeare the nâ—xt yeare they promised to plant purposely for vs and so we returned to Iames towne About this time there was a marriage betwixt Iohn Laydon and Anne Burras which was the first marriage we had in Virginia Long he stayed not but fitting himselfe and Captaine Waldo with two Barges From Chawopoweanock and all parts thereabouts all the people were fled as being iealous of our intents till we discovered the rivâ—r and people of Apamatuck where we found not much that they had we equally divided but gaue them copper and such things as contented them in consideration Master Scrivener and Lieutenant Percie went also abroad but could find nothing The President seeing the procrastinating of time was no course to liue resolved with Captaine Waldo whom he knew to be sure in time of need to surprise Powhatan and all his provision but the vnwillingnesse of Captaine Winne and Master Scrivener for some private respect plotted in England to ruine Captaine Smith did their best to hinder their proiect but the President whom no perswasions could perswade to starue being invited by Powhatan to come vnto him and if he would send him but men to build him a house giue him a gryndstone fiftie swords some peeces a cock and a hen with much copper and beads he would loâ—d his Ship with Corne. The President not ignorant of his devises and subtiltie yet vnwilling to neglect any opportunitie presently sent three Dutch-men and two English having so small allowance few were able to doe any thing to purpose knowing there needed no better a Castle to effect this proiect tooke order with Captaine Waldo to second him if need required Scrivener he left his substitute and set forth with thâ— Pinnace two Barges and fortie-six men which onely were such as voluntarily offered themselues for his Iourney the which by reason of Mr Scriveners ill successe was censured very desperate they all knowing Smith would not returne emptie if it were to be had howsoever it caused many of those that he had appointed to find excuses to stay behinde CHAP. VIII Captaine Smiths Iourney to Pamavnkee THe twentie-nine of December he set forward for Werowocomoco his Company were these In the Discovery Barge himselfe Gent. Robert Behethland Nathanael Graues Iohn Russell Raleigh Chrashow Michael Sicklemore Richard Worley Souldiers Anas Todkill William Loue. William Bentley Ieffrey Shortridge Edward Pising William Ward In the Pinnace Lieutenant Percie brother to the Earle of Northumberland Master Francis West brother to the Lord La Warre William Phittiplace Captaine of the Pinnace Gent. Michael Phittiplace Ieffrey Abbot Serieant William Tankard George Yarington Iames Browne Edward Brinton George Burton Thomas Coe Ionas Profit Master Robert Ford Clarke of the Councell Iohn Dods Souldier Henry Powell Souldier Thomas Gipson David Ellis Nathanael Peacock Saylers Iohn Prat George Acrig Iames Read Nicholas Hancock Iames Watkins Thomas Lambert foure Dutch-men and Richard Salvage were sent by land before to build the house for Powhatan against our Arrivall This company being victualled but for three or foure dayes lodged the first night at Warraskoyack where the President tooke sufficient provision This kind King did his best to divert him from seeing Powhatan but perceiuing he could not prevaile he advised in this manner Captaine Smith you shall find Powhatan to vse you kindly but trust him not and be sure he haue no oportunitie to seize on your Armes for he hath sent for you onely to cut your throats The Captaine thanking him for his good counsell yet the better to try his loue desired guides to Chawwonock for he would send a present to that King to bind him his friend To performe this iourney was sent Mr Sicklemore a very valiant honest and a painefull Souldier with him two guides and directions how to seeke for the lost company of Sir Walter Raleighs and silke Grasse Then we departed thence the President assuring the King perpetuall loue and left with him Samuâ—l Collier his Page to learne the Language So this Kings deeds by sacred Oath adiur'd More wary proues and circumspect by ods Fearing at least his double forfeiture To offend his friends and sin against his Gods The next night being lodged at Kecoughtan six or seaven dayes the extreame winde rayne frost and snow caused vs to keepe Christmas among the Salvages where we were never more merry nor fed on more plentie of good Oysters Fish Flesh Wild-soule and good bread nor never had better fires in England then in the dry smoaky houses of Kecoughtan but departing thence when we found no houses we were not curious in any weather to lye three or foure nights together vnder the trees by a fire as formerly is sayd An hundred fortie eight foules the President Anthony Bagnall and Serieant Pising did kill at three shoots At Kiskiack the frost contrary winds forced vs three or foure dayes also to suppresse the insolency of those proud Salvages to quarter in their houses yet guard our Barge and cause them giue vs what we wanted though we were but twelue and himselfe yet we never wanted shelter where we found any houses The 12 of Ianuary we arrived at Werowocomoco where the river was frozen neare halfe a myle from the shore but to neglect no time the President with his Barge so
all his Souldiers with a tripple power and twice tripple better meanes by what they haue done in his absence the world may see what they would haue done in his presence had he not prevented their indiscretions it doth iustly proue what cause he had to send them for England and that he was neither factious mutinous nor dishonest But they haue made it more plaine since his returne for England having his absolute authoritie freely in their power with all the advantages and opportunitie that his labours had effected As I am sorry their actions haue made it so manifest so I am vnwilling to say what reason doth compell me but onely to make apparant the truth least I should seeme partiall reasonlesse and malicious CHAPTER XII The Arrivall of the third Supply TO redresse those jarres and ill proceedings the Treasurer Councell and Company of Virginia not finding that returne and profit they expected and them ingaged there not having meanes to subsist of themselues made meanes to his Maiestie to call in their Commission and take a new in their owne names as in their owne publication 1610. you may â—eade at large Having thus annihilated the old by vertue of a Commission made to the right Honourable Sir Thomas West Lord de la Warre to be Generall of Virginia Sir Thomas Gates his Lieutenant Sir George Somers Admirall Sir Thomas Dale high Marshall Sir Fardinando Wainman Generall of the Horse and so all other offices to many other worthy Gentlemen for their liues though not any of them had ever beene in Virginia except Captaine Newport who was also by Patent made vice-Admirall those noble Gentlemen drew in such great summes of money that they sent Sir Thomas Gates Sir George Somers and Captaine Newport with nine shippes and fiue hundred people who had each of them a Commission who first arrived to call in the old without the knowledge or consent of them that had endured all those former dangers to beat the path not any regard had at all of them All things being ready because those three Captaines could not agree for place it was concluded they should goe all in one ship so all their three Commissions were in that Ship with them called the Sea-Venture They set sayle from England in May 1609. A small Catch perished at Sea in a Hericano the Admirall with an hundred and fiftie men with the two Knights and their new Commission their Bils of Loading with all manner of directions and the most part of their provision arrived not With the other seaven Ships as Captaines arrived Ratliffe whose right name as is sayd was Sicklemore Martin and Archer with Captaine Wood Captaine Webbe Captaine Moone Captaine King Captaine Davis and divers Gentlemen of good meanes and great parentage But the first as they had beene troublesome at Sea began againe to marre all ashore for though as is said they were formerly sent for England yet now returning againe graced by the titles of Captaines of the passengers seeing the Admirall wanting and great probabilitie of her losse strengthened themselues with those new companies so exclaiming against Captaine Smith that they mortally hated him ere ever they saw him Who vnderstanding by his Scouts the arrivall of such a Fleet little dreaming of any such supply supposed them Spanyards But he quickly so determined and ordered our affaires as we little feared their Arrivall nor the successe of our incounter nor were the Salvages any way negligent for the most part to ayd and assist vs with their best power Had it so beene we had beene happy for we would not haue trusted them but as our foes where receiuing them as our Countreymen and friends they did what they could to murther our President to surprise the Store the Fort and our Iudgings to vsurpe the government and make vs all their servants and slaues till they could consume vs and our remembrance and rather indeed to supplant vs then supply vs as master William Box an honest Gentleman in this voyage thus relateth In the tayle of a Hericano wee were separated from the Admirall which although it was but the remainder of that Storme there is seldome any such in England or those Northerne parts of Europe Some lost their Masts some their Sayles blowne from their Yards the Seas so over-raking our Ships much of our prouision was spoyled our Fleet separated and our men sicke and many dyed and in this miserable estate we arrived in Virginia But in this Storme When ratling Thunder ran along the Clouds Did not the Saylers poore and Masters proud A terror feele as strucke with feare of God Did not their trembling ioynts then dread his rod Least for foule deeds and black mouth'd blasphemies The rufull time be come that vengeance cryes To a thousand mischiefes those lewd Captaines led this lewd company wherein were many vnruly Gallants packed thither by their friends to escape ill destinies and those would dispose and determine of the government sometimes to one the next day to another to day the old Commission must rule to morrow the new the next day neither in fine they would rule all or ruine all yet in charitie we must endure them thus to destroy vs or by correcting their follies haue brought the worlds censure vpon vs to be guiltie of their blouds Happie had we beene had they never arrived and we for ever abandoned and as we were left to our fortunes for on earth for the number was never more confusion or misery then their factions occasioned The President seeing the desire those Braues had to rule seeing how his authoritie was so vnexpectedly changed would willingly haue left all and haue returned for England But seeing there was small hope this new Commission would arriue longer he would not suffer those factious spirits to proceede It would be too tedious too strange and almost incredible should I particularly relate the infinite dangers plots and practices he daily escaped amongst this factious crew the chiefe whereof he quickly layd by the heeles till his leasure better served to doe them iustice and to take away all occasions of further mischiefe Master Percie had his request granted to returne for England being very sicke and Mr West with an hundred and twentie of the best he could chuse he sent to the Fâ—lles Martin with neare as many to Nandsamund with their due proportions of all provisions according to thir numbers Now the Presidents yeare being neare expired he made Captaine Martin President to follow the order for the election of a President every yeare but he knowing his owne insufficiency and the companies vntowardnesse and little regard of him within three houres after resigned it againe to Captaine Smith and at Nandsamund thus proceeded the people being contributers vsed him kindly yet such was his iealous feare in the midst of their mirth he did surprise this poore naked King with his Monuments houses and the Isle he inhabited and there
carpet of the earth and withall shall marke how the heauens heare the earth and the earth the Corne and Oile and they relieue the necessities of man that man will acknowledge Gods infinite Prouidence But hee that shall further obserue how God inclineth all casuall euents to worke the necessary helpe of his Saints must needs adore the Lords infinite goodnesse neuer had any people more iust cause to cast themselues at the very foot-â—toole of God and to reuerence his mercie than this distressed Colonie for if God had not sent Sir Thomas Gates from the Bermudas within foure daies they had almost beene famished if God had not directed the heart of that noble Knight to saue the Fort from fiering at their shipping for many were very importunate to haue burnt it they had beene destitute of a present harbour and succour if they had abandoned the Fort any longer time and had not so soone returned questionlesse the Indians would haue destroied the Fort which had beene the meanes of our safeties amongst them and a terror If they had set saile sooner and had lanched into the vast Ocean who would haue promised they should haue incountered the Fleet of the Lord la Ware especially when they made for New found land as they intended a course contrarie to our Nauie approaching If the Lord la Ware had not brought with him a yeeres prouision what comfort would those poore soules haue receiued to haue beene relanded to a second distruction This was the arme of the Lord of Hosts who would haue his people passe the red Sea and Wildernesse and then to possesse the land of Canaan It was diuinely spâ—ken of Heathen Socrates If God for man be carefull why should man bee ouer-distrustfull for he hath so tempered the contrary qualities of the Elements That neither cold things want heat nor moist things dry Nor sad things spirits to quicken them thereby Yet make they musicall content of contrarietie Which conquer'd knits them in such links together They doe produce euen all this whatsoeuer The Lord Gouernour after mature deliberation deliuered some few words to the Companie laying iust blame vpon them for their haughtie vanities and sluggish idlenesse earnestly intreating them to amend those desperate follies lest hee should be compelled to draw the sword of Iustice and to cut off such delinquents which he had rather draw to the shedding of his vitall bloud to protect them from iniuries heartning them with relation of that store hee had brought with him constituting officers of all conditions to rule ouer them allotting euery man his particular place to watch vigilantly and worke painfully This Oration and direction being receiued with a generall applause you might shortly behold the idle and restie diseases of a diuided multitude by the vnitie and authoritie of this gouernment to be substantially cured Those that knew not the way to goodnesse before but cherished singularitie and faction can now chalke out the path of all respectiue dutie and seruice euery man endeuoureth to outstrip other in diligence the French preparing to plant the Vines the English labouring in the Woods and grounds euery man knoweth his charge and dischargeth the same with alacritie Neither let any man be discouraged by the relation of their daily labour as though the sap of their bodies should bee spent for other mens profit the setled times of working to effect all themselues or as the Aduenturers need desire required no more paines than from six of the clocke in the morning vntill ten and from two in the afternoone till foure at both which times they are prouided of spirituall and corporall reliefe First they enter into the Church and make their praiers vnto God next they returne to their houses and receiue their proportion of food Nor should it bee conceiued that this businesse excludeth Gentlemen whose breeding neuer knew what a daies labour meant for though they cannot digge vse the Spade nor practice the Axe yet may the staied spirits of any condition finde how to imploy the force of knowledge the exercise of counsell the operation and power of their best breeding and qualities The houses which are built are as warme and defensiue against wind and weather as if they were tiled and slated being couered aboue with strong boards and some matted round with Indian mats Our forces are now such as are able to tame the furie and trecherie of the Saluages Our Forts assure the Inhabitants and frustrate all assaylants And to leaue no discouragement in the heart of any who personally shall enter into this great action I will communicate a double comfort first Sir George Sommers that worthy Admirall hath vndertaken a dangerous aduenture for the good of the Colonie Vpon the 15. of Iune accompanied with Captaine Samuel Argall hee returned in two Pinaces vnto the Bermudas promising if by any meanes God will open a way to that Iland of Rocks that he would soone returne with six moneths prouision of flesh with much crosse weather at last hee there safely arriued but Captaine Argall was forced backe againe to Iames towne whom the Lord De la Ware not long after sent to the Riuer of Patawomeke to trade for Corne where finding an English boy one Henry Spilman a young Gentleman well descended by those people preserued from the furie of Powhatan by his acquaintance had such good vsage of those kinde Saluages that they fraughted his ship with Corne wherewith he returned to Iames towne The other comfort is that the Lord la Ware hath built two new Forts the one called Fort Henry the other Fort Charles in honour of our most noble Prince and his hopefull brother vpon a pleasant plaine and neare a little Riuilet they call Southampton Riuer they stand in a wholsome aire hauing plentie of Springs of sweet water they command a great circuit of ground containing Wood Pasture and Marsh with apt places for Vines Corne and Gardens in which Forts it is resolued that all those that come out of England shall be at their first landing quartered that the wearisomnesse of the Sea may bee refreshed in this pleasing part of the Countrie and Sir Thomas Gates hee sent for England But to correct some iniuries of the Paspahegs he sent Captaine Pearcie Master Stacy and fiftie or threescore shot where the Saluages flying they burnt their houses tooke the Queene and her children prisoners whom not long after they slew The fertilitie of the soile the temperature of the climate the forme of gouernment the condition of our people their daily inuocating of the Name of God being thus expressed why should the successe by the rules of mortall iudgement bee disparaged why should not the rich haruest of our hopes be seasonably expected I dare say that the resolution of Caesar in France the designes of Alexander the discoueries of Hernando Cortes in the West and of Emanuel King of Portugal in the East were not encouraged vpon so firme grounds of state and
possibilitie But his Lordship being at the fales the Saluages assaulted his troopes and slew three or foure of his men Not long after his Honour growing very sicke he returned for England the 28. of March in the ship were about fiue and fiftie men but ere we arriued at Fyall fortie of vs were neare sicke to death of the Scuruie Callenture and other diseases the Gouernour being an English-man kindly vsed vs but small reliefe we could get but Oranges of which we had plenty whereby within eight daies wee recouered and all were well and strong by that they came into England Written by William Box. The Counsell of Virginia finding the smalnesse of that returne which they hoped should haue defrayed the charge of a new supply entred into a deep consultation whether it were fit to enter into a new Contribution or in time to send for them home and giue ouer the action and therefore they adiured Sir Thomas Gates to deale plainly with them who with a solemne and a sacred oath replyed That all things before reported were true and that all men know that wee stand at the deuotion of politicke Princes and States who for their proper vtilitie deuise all courses to grind our Merchants and by all pretences to confiscate their goods and to draw from vs all manner of gaine by their inquisitiue inuentions when in Virginia a few yeeres labour by planting and husbandry will furnish all our deâ—â—cts with honour and securitie Out of a Declaration published by the Counsell 1610. The gouernment left againe to Captaine George Piercie and the returne of the Lord la Ware with his Relation to the Councell MY Lords now by accident returned from my charge at Virginia contrary either to my owne desire or other mens expectations who spare not to censure me in point of dutie and to discourse and question the reason though they apprehend not the true cause of my returne I am forced out of a willingnesse to satisfie euery man to deliuer vnto your Lordships and the rest of this assemblie in what state I haue liued euer since my arriuall to the Colonie what hath beene the iust cause of my sudden departure and on what tearmes I haue left the same the rather because I perceiue that since my comming into England such a coldnesse and irresolution is bred in many of the Aduenturers that some of them seeke to withdraw their payments by which the action must be supported making this my returne colour of their needlesse backwardnesse and vniust protraction which that you may the better vnderstand I was welcomed to Iames towne by a violent ague being cured of it within threâ— weekes after I began to be distempered with other grieuous sicknesses which successiuely and seuerally assailed me for besides a relapse into the former disease which with much more violence held me more than a moneth and brought me to greater weaknesse the flux surprised mee and kept me many daies then the crampe assaulted my weake body with strong paines and after the gout all those drew me to that weaknesse being vnable to stirre brought vpon me the scuruie which though in others it be a sicknesse of slothfulnesse yet was it in mean effect of weaknesse which neuer left me till I was ready to leaue the world In these extremities I resolued to consult with my friends who finding nature spent in me and my body almost consumed my paines likewise daily increasing gaue me aduice to preferre a hopefull recouerie before an assured ruine which must necessarily haue ensued had I liued but twentie daies longer in Virginia wanting at that instant both food and Physicke fit to remedie such extraordinary diseases wherefore I shipped my selfe with Doctor Bohun and Captaine Argall for Meuis in the West Indies but being crossed with Southerly winds I was forced to shape my course for the Westerne Iles where I found helpe for my health and my sicknesse asswaged by the meanes of fresh dyet especially Oranges and Limons and vndoubted remedie for that disease then I intended to haue returned backe againe to Virginia but I was aduised not to hazard my selfe before I had perfectly recouered my strength so I came for England in which accident I doubt not but men of iudgement will imagine there would more preiudice haue happened by my death there than I hope can doe by my returne For the Colony I left it to the charge of Captaine George Piercie a Gentleman of honour and resolution vntill the comming of Sir Thomas Dale whose Commission was likewise to bee determined vpon the arriuall of Sir Thomas Gates according to the order your Lordships appointed the number I left were about two hundred the most in health and prouided of at least ten moneths victuall and the Countrie people tractable and friendly What other defects they had I found by Sir Thomas Gates at the Cowes his Fleet was sufficiently furnished with supplies but when it shall please God that Sir Thomas Dale and Sir Thomas Gates shall arriue in Virginia with the extraordinarie supply of 100. Kine and 200. Swine besides store of other prouision for the maintenance of the Colonie there will appeare that successe in the action as shall giue no man cause of distrust that hath already aduentured but incourage euery good minde to further so good a worke as will redound both to the glory of God to the credit of our nation and the comfort of all those that haue beene instruments in the furthering of it Out of the Lord la Wares discourse published by Authoritie 1611. The gouernment surrendred to Sir Thomas Dale who arriued in Virginia the tenth of May 1611. out of Master Hamors Booke BEfore the Lord la Ware arriued in England the Councell and Companie had dispatched away Sir Thomas Dale with three ships men and cattell and all other prouisions necessarie for a yeere all which arriued well the tenth of May 1611. where he found them growing againe to their former estate of penurie being so improuident as not to put Corne in the ground for their bread but trusted to the store then furnished but with three moneths prouision his first care therefore was to imploy all hands about setting of Corne at the two Forts at Kecoughtan Henry and Charles whereby the season then not fully past though about the end of May wee had an indifferent crop of good Corne. This businesse taken order for and the care and trust of it committed to his vnder-Officers to Iames towne he hastened where most of the companie were â—t their daily and vsuall works bowling in the streets these hee imployed about necessarie workes as felling of Timber repayring their houses ready to fall on their heads and prouiding pales posts and railes to impale his purposed new towne which by reason of his ignorance being but newly arriued hee had not resolued where to seat therefore to better his knowledge with one hundred men he spent some time in viewing the
then one hundred ships of other proportions and eight or ten thousand people Now if you please to compare what hath beene spent sent discouered and done this fifteene yeares by that we did in the three first yeares and euery Gouernor that hath beene there since giue you but such an account as this you may easily finde what hath beene the cause of those disasters in Virginia Then came in Captaine Argall and Master Sedan in a ship of Master Cornelius to fish for Sturgion who had such good prouision we contracted with them for it whereby we were better furnished then euer Not long after came in seuen ships with about three hundred people but rather to supplant vs then supply vs their Admirall with their authoritie being cast away in the Bermudas very angry they were we had made no better prouision for them Seuen or eight weekes we withstood the invndations of these disorderly humors till I was neere blowne to death with Gun-powder which occasioned me to returne for England In the yeare 1609 about Michaelmas I left the Countrey as is formerly related with three ships seuen Boats Commodities to trade haruest newly gathered eight weeks prouision of Corne and Meale about fiue hundred persons three hundred Muskets shot powder and match with armes for more men then we had The Saluages their language and habitation well knowne to two hundred expert Souldiers Nets for fishing tooles of all sorts apparell to supply their wants six Mares and a Horse fiue or six hundred Swine many more Powltry what was brought or bred but victuall there remained Hauing spent some fiue yeares and more then fiue hundred pounds in procuring the Letters Patents and setting forward and neere as much more about New England c. Thus these nineteene yeares I haue here and there not spared any thing according to my abilitie nor the best aduice I could to perswade how those strange miracles of misery might haue beene preuented which lamentable experience plainly taught me of necessity must insue but few would beleeue me till now too deerely they haue paid for it Wherefore hitherto I haue rather left all then vndertake impossibilities or any more such costly taskes at such chargeable rates for in neither of those two Countries haue I one foot of Land nor the very house I builded nor the ground I digged with my owne hands nor euer any content or satisfaction at all and though I see ordinarily those two Countries shared before me by them that neither haue them nor knowes them but by my descriptions Yet that doth not so much trouble me as to heare and see those contentions and diuisions which will hazard if not ruine the prosperitie of Virginia if present remedy bee not found as they haue hindred many hundreds who would haue beene there ere now and makes them yet that are willing to stand in a demurre For the Books and Maps I haue made I will thanke him that will shew me so much for so little recompence and beare with their errors till I haue done better For the materials in them I cannot deny but am ready to affirme them both there and here vpon such grounds as I haue propounded which is to haue but fifteene hundred men to subdue againe the Saluages fortifie the Countrey discouer that yet vnknowne and both defend feed their Colony which I most humbly refer to his Maiesties most iudiciall iudgement and the most honourable Lords of his Priuy Councell you his trusty and well-beloued Commissioners and the Honourable company of Planters and well-willers to Virginia New-England and Sommer-Ilands Out of these Obseruations it pleased his Maiesties Commissioners for the reformation of Virginia to desire my answer to these seuen Questions Quest. 1. WHat conceiue you is the cause the Plantation hath prospered no better since you left it in so good a forwardnesse Answ. Idlenesse and carelesnesse brought all I did in three yeeres in six moneths to nothing and of fiue hundred I left scarce threescore remained and had Sir Thomas Gates not got from the Bermudas I thinke they had beene all dead before they could be supplied Quest. 2. What conceiue you should be the cause though the Country be good there comes nothing but Tobacco Answ. The oft altering of Gouernours it seemes causes euery man make vse of his time and because Corne was stinted at two shillings six pence the bushell and Tobacco at three shillings the pound and they value a mans labour a yeere worth fifty or threescore pound but in Corne not worth ten pound presuming Tobacco will furnish them with all things now make a mans labour in Corne worth threescore pound and in Tobacco but ten pound a man then shall they haue Corne sufficient to entertaine all commers and keepe their people in health to doe any thing but till then there will be little or nothing to any purpose Quest. 3. What conceiue you to haue beene the cause of the Massacre and had the Saluages had the vse of any peeces in your time or when or by whom they were taught Answ. The cause of the Massacre was the want of marshall discipline and because they would haue all the English had by destroying those they found so carelesly secure that they were not prouided to defend themselues against any enemy being so dispersed as they were In my time though Captaine Nuport furnished them with swords by truck and many fugitiues did the like and some Peeces they got accidentally yet I got the most of them againe and it was death to him that should shew a Saluage the vse of a Peece Since I vnderstand they became so good shot they were imployed for Fowlers and Huntsmen by the English Quest. 4. What charge thinke you would haue setled the gouernment both for defence and planting when you left it Answ. Twenty thousand pound would haue hyred good labourers and mechanicall men and haue furnished them with cattle and all necessaries and 100. of them would haue done more then a thousand of those that went though the Lord Laware Sir Ferdinando Waynman Sir Thomas Gates and Sir Thomas Dale were perswaded to the contrary but when they had tried they confessed their error Quest. 5. What conceiue you would be the remedy and the charge Answ. The remedy is to send Souldiers and all sorts of labourers and necessaries for them that they may be there by next Michaelmas the which to doe well will stand you in fiue thousand pound but if his Maiesty would please to lend two of his Ships to transport them lesse would serue besides the benefit of his grace to the action would encourage all men Quest. 6. What thinke you are the defects of the gouernment both here and there Answ. The multiplicity of opinions here and Officers there makes such delaies by questions and formalitie that as much time is spent in complement as in action besides some are so desirous to imploy their ships hauing six pounds for euery
see nothing but miserable complaints therefore vnder your correction to rectifie all is with all expedition to passe the authority to them who will releeue them lest all bee consumed ere the differences be determined And except his Maiestie vndertake it or by Act of Parlament some small tax may be granted throughout his Dominions as a Penny vpon euery Poll called a head-penny two pence vpon euery Chimney or some such collection might be raised and that would be sufficient to giue a good stocke and many seruants to sufficient men of any facultie and transport them freely for paying onely homage to the Crowne of England and such duties to the publike good as their estates increased reason should require Were this put in practice how many people of what quality you please for all those disasters would yet gladly goe to spend their liues there and by this meanes more good might be done in one yeere then all those pety particular vndertakings will effect in twenty For the Patent the King may if he please rather take it from them that haue it then from vs who had it first pretending to his Maiesty what great matters they would doe and how little we did and for any thing I can conceiue had we remained still as at first it is not likely we could haue done much worse but those oft altering of gouernments are not without much charge hazard and losse If I be too plaine I humbly craue your pardon but you requested me therefore I doe but my duty For the Nobility who knowes not how freely both in their Purses and assistances many of them haue beene to aduance it committing the managing of the businesse to inferiour persons amongst whom questionlesse also many haue done their vtmost best sincerely and truly according to their conceit opinion and vnderstanding yet grosse errors haue beene committed but no man liues without his fault for my owne part I haue so much adoe to amend my owne I haue no leisure to looke into any mans particular but those in generall I conceiue to be true And so I humbly rest Yours to command I. S. THus those discords not being to be compounded among themselues nor yet by the extraordinary diligences care and paines of the noble and right worthy Commissioners Sir William Iones Sir Nicholas Fortescue Sir Francis Goston Sir Richard Sutton Sir Henry Bourgchier and Sir William Pit a Corante was granted against Master Deputy Farrar and 20. or 30. others of that party to plead their causes before the right Honourable the Lords of his Maiesties Priuy Councell now notwithstanding all the Relations Examinations and intercepting of all Letters whatsoeuer came from thence yet it seemes they were so farre vnsatisfied and desired to know the truth as well for the preseruation of the Colony as to giue content and doe all men right they sent two Commissioners strictly to examine the true estate of the Colony Vpon whose returne after mature deliberation it pleased his royall Maiesty to suppresse the course of the Court at Deputy Farrars and that for the present ordering the affaires of Virginia vntill he should make a more full settlement thereof the Lord Viscount Mandeuile Lord President of his Maiesties Priuie Councell and also other Priuy Councellors with many vnderstanding Knights and Gentlemen should euery Thursday in the afternoone meet at Sir Thomas Smiths in Philpot lane where all men whom it should concerne may repaire to receiue such directions and warrant for their better security as more at large you may see in the Proclamation to that effect vnder the great Seale of England dated the 15. of Iuly 1624. But as for the relations last returned what numbers they are how many Cities Corporations townes and houses cattle and horse they haue what fortifications or discoueries they haue made or reuenge vpon the Saluages who are their friends or foes or what commodities they haue more then Tobacco their present estate or what is presently to be put in execution in that the Commissioners are not yet fully satisfied in the one nor resolued in the other at this present time when this went to the Presse I must intreat you pardon me till I be better assured Thus far I haue trauelled in this Wildernesse of Virginia not being ignorant for all my paines this discourse will be wrested tossed and turned as many waies as there is leaues that I haue writ too much of some too little of others and many such like obiections To such I must answer in the Companies name I was requested to doe it if any haue concealed their approued experiences from my knowledge they must excuse me as for euery fatherles or stolne relation or whole volumes of sofisticated rehearsals I leaue them to the charge of them that desire them I thanke God I neuer vndertooke any thing yet any could tax me of carelesnesse or dishonesty and what is hee to whom I am indebted or troublesome Ah! were these my accusers but to change cases and places with me but 2. yeeres or till they had done but so much as I it may be they would iudge more charitably of my imperfections But here I must leaue all to the triall of time both my selfe Virginia's preparations proceedings and good euents praying to that great God the protector of all goodnesse to send them as good successe as the goodnesse of the action and Country deserueth and my heart desireth FINIS THE FIFTH BOOKE THE GENERALL HISTORIE OF THE BERMVDAS now called the Summer Iles from their beginning in the yeere of our Lord 1593. to this present 1624. with their proceedings accidents and present estate BEfore we present you the matters of fact it is fit to offer to your view the Stage whereon they were acted for as Geography without History seemeth a carkasse without motion so History without Geography wandreth as a Vagrant without a certaine habitation Those Ilands lie in the huge maine Ocean and two hundred leagues from any continent situated in 32. degrees and 25. minutes of Northerly latitude and distant from England West South-West about 3300. miles some twenty miles in length and not past two miles and a halfe in breadth enuironed with Rocks which to the North-ward West-ward and South-East extend further then they haue bin yet well discouered by reason of those Rocks the Country is naturally very strong for there is but two places scare two vnlesse to them who know them well where shipping may safely come in and those now are exceeding well fortified but within is roome to entertaine a royall Fleet the Rocks in most places appeare at a low water neither are they much couered at a high for it ebbs and flowes not past fiue foot the shore for most part is a Rocke so hardened with the sunne wind and sea that it is not apt to be worne away with the waues whose violence is also broke by the Rocks before they can come to the shore it is very
and Poultry as is formerly related yet for so departing and other occasions much difference hath beene betwixt him and some of the Company as any of his Predecessors which I rather wish were reconciled then to be a reporter of such vnprofitable dissentions For Till trechery and faction and auarice be gone Till enuy and ambition and backbiting be none Till periury and idlenesse and iniury be out And truly till that villany the worst of all that rout Vnlesse those vises banisht be what euer Forts you haue A hundred walls together put will not haue power to saue Master Iohn Barnard sent to be Gouernour TO supply this place was sent by the noble aduenturers Iohn Bernard a Gentleman both of good meanes and quality who arriued within eight daies after Butlers departure with two ships and about one hundred and forty passengers with armes and all sorts of munition and other prouisions sufficient During the time of his life which was but six weekes in reforming all things he found defectiue he shewed himselfe so iudiciall and industrious as gaue gâ—eat satisfaction and did generally promise vice was in great danger to be suppressed and vertue and the Plantation much aduanced but so it hapned that both he and his wife died in such short time they were both buried in one day and one graue and Master Iohn Harrison chosen Gouernour till further order came from England What hapned in the gouernment of Master Iohn Harrison THey are still much troubled with a great short worme that deuours their Plants in the night but all the day they lie hid in the ground and though early in the morning they kill so many they would thinke there were no more yet the next morning you shall finde as many The Caterpillers to their fruits are also as pernicious and the land Crabs in some places are as thicke in their Borowes as Conies in a Warren and doe much hurt besides all this there hapned this yeere a very heauy disaster for a ship wherein there had beene much swearing and blaspheming vsed all the voyage and landed what she had to leaue in those Iles iouâ—ally froliking in their Cups and Tobacco by accident fired the Powder that at the very instant blew vp the great Cabin and some one way and some another it is a wonder to thinke how they could bee so blowne out of the gun-roome into the Sea where some were taken vp liuing so pitifully burned their liues were worse then so many deaths some died some liued but eighteene were lost at this fatall blast the ship also immediatly sunke with threescore barrels of meale sent for Virginia and all the other prouision in her was thus lost Now to consider how the Spaniards French and Dutch haue beene lost and preserued in those inuincible Iles yet neuer regarded them but as monuments of miseries though at this present they all desire them How Sir Thomas Gates and Sir George Summers being ready to sinke in the sea were saued what an incredible abundance of victuall they found how it was first planted by the English the strange increase of Rats and their sudden departure the fiue men came from England in a boat the escape of Hilliard and the rest of those accidents there hapned a man would thinke it a tabernacle of miracles and the worlds wonder that from such a Paradise of admiration who would thinke should spring such wonders of afflictions as are onely fit to be sacrificed vpon the highest altars of sorrow thus to be set vpon the highest Pinacles of content and presently throwne downe to the lowest degree of extremity as you see haue beene the yeerely succeedings of those Plantations the which to ouercome as it is an incomparable honour so it can be no dishonour if a man doe miscarry by vnfortunate accidents in such honourable actions the which renowne and vertue to attaine hath caused so many attempts by diuers Nations besides ours euen to passe through the very amazement of aduentures Vpon the relation of this newes the Company hath sent one Captaine Woodhouse a Gentleman of good repute and great experience in the warres and no lesse prouident then industrious and valiant then returned report all goeth well there It is too true in the absence of the noble Treasurer Sir Edward Sackvill now Earle of Dorset there haue beene such complaints betwixt the Planters and the Company that by command the Lords appointed Sir Thomas Smith againe Treasurer that since then according to their order of Court he is also elected where now we must leaue them all to their good fortune and successe till we heare further of their fortunate proceedings FINIS To his friend Captaine Smith vpon his description of New-England SIr your Relations I haue read which shew Ther 's reason I should honour them and you And if their meaning I haue vnderstood I dare to censure thus Your Proiect 's good And may if follow'd doubtlesse quit the paine With honour pleasure and a trebble gaine Beside the benefit that shall arise To make more happy our Posterities For would we daigne to spare though 't were no more Then what ore-fils and surfets vs in store To order Nature's fruitfulnesse a while In that rude Garden you New-England stile With present good ther 's hope in after-daies Thence to repaire what Time and Pride decaies In this rich Kingdome And the spacious West Being still more with English bloud possest The proud Iberians shall not rule those Seas To checke our ships from sailing where they please Nor future times make any forraine power Become so great to force a bound to Our Much good my minde foretels would follow hence With little labour and with lesse expence Thriue therefore thy Designe who ere enuy England may ioy in England's Colony Virginia seeke her Virgin sisters good Be blessed in such happy neighbourhood Or whatsoere Fate pleaseth to permit Be thou still honour'd for first mouing it George Wither è societate Lincol. To that worthy and generous Gentleman my very good friend Captaine Smith MAy Fate thy Proiect prosper that thy name May be eternized with liuing fame Though foule Detraction Honour would peruert And Enuie euer waits vpon desert In spight of Pelias when his hate lies cold Returne as Iason with a fleece of gold Then after-ages shall record thy praise That a New-England to this I le didst raise And when thou di'st as all that liue must die Thy fame liue here thou with Eternity R. Gunnell To his worthy Captaine the Author OFt thou hast led when I brought vp the Rere In bloudy wars where thousands haue beene slaine Then giue me leaue in this some part to beare And as thy seruant here to reade my name T is true long time thou hast my Captaine beene In the fierce warres of Transiluania Long ere that thou America hadst seene Or led wast captiu'd in Virginia Thou that to passe the worlds foure parts dost deeme No more then
abroad Amoris a Salvage his best friend slaine for loving vs. The Discovery of Chickahamine Another proiect to abandon the country * Iehu Robinson and Thomas Emry slaine Captaine Smith taken prisoner The order they observed in then trivmph How he should haue beene slaine at Orapacks How he saued Iames towne from being surprised How they did Coniure him at Pamavnkee How Powhatan entertained him How Pocahontas saved his life How Powhatan sent him to Iames Towne The third proiect to abandon the Countrey A true proofe of Gods loue to the action Of two evils the lesse was chosen The Phoenix from Cape Henry forced to the West Indies Their opinion of our God Smith revisiting Bowhatan Powhatan his entertainement The exchaÌ„ge of a Christian for a Salvage Powhatant speech Differences of opinions Iames towne burnt A ship I dely loytering 14. weekes The effect of meere Verbalists A needlesse charge A returnâ— to England The rebuilding Iames Towne Sixtie appointed to discover the Monacans An ill example to sell swords to Salvages The Presidents weaknesse Smiths attempt to suppresse the Salvages insolencies Powhatans excuse A ship fraught with Cedar S ir Thomas Smith Treasurer A strange mortalitie of Salvages Russels Isles Wighcocomoco An extreame want of fresh water Their Barge neare sunke in a gust Cuskarawaock The first notice oâ— the Massawomeks Bolus Riuer Smithâ— speech to his souldiers The discouery of Patawomek Ambuscadoes of Salvages A trecherous proiect A myne like Antimony An aboundant plenty of fish How to deale with the Salvages Captaine Smith neare killed with a Stingray The Salvages affrighted with their owne suspition Needlesse misery at Iames towne The Salvages admire fire-workes An Incounter with the Massawomeks at the head of the Bay An Incounter with the Tockwhoghs Hatchets from the Sasquesahanocks The Sasquesahanocks offer to the English Pawtuxunt R. Rapahanock R. The exceeding loue of the Salvage Mosco Our fight with the Rapahanocks The Salvages disguised like bushes fight Our fight with the Manahaacks A Salvage shot and taken prisoner His relation of their countries * They cannot trauell but where the woods are burnt How we concluded peace with the foure kings of Monahoke How we became friends with the Rapahanocks The discovery of Payankatank A notable trechery of the Nandsamunds The fight with the Chisapeacks and Nandsamundâ— How they became friends The proceâ—ding at Iames Towne Powhatans scorne when his courtesie was most deserved No better way to overthrow the busines then by our instructors A consultation where all the Councell was against the President Capt. Smith goeth with 4. to Powhatan when Newport feared with 120. A Virginia Maske The Womens entertainement Captaine Smiths message Powhatans answer Powhatans Coronation The discovery of Monacan How the Salvages deluded Cap. Newport A punishment for swearing 3. Men better then 100. The Chickahamania's forced to contribution A bad reward for well-doing A good Taverne in Virginia A bad trade of the masters and saylers Master Scriveners voyage to Werowocomoco Nandsamund forced to contribution The first marriage in Virginia Apamatuck discovered The good counsell of Warraskoyack Plentie of victualls 148 Foules killed at three shootes Cap. Smiths discourse to Powhatan Powhatans reply and flattery Powhatan discourse of peace and warre Capt. Smiths Reply Powhatans importunity to haue vs vnarmed to betray vs. Cap. Smiths discourse to delay time till he found oportunity to surprise the King Powhatans plot to haue murdered Smith A chaine of pearle sent the Captaine for a present Pretending to kill our men loaded with baskets we caused them do it themselues Pocahontas bewrayes her fathers deceit to kill vs. The Dutch men deceiue Cap. Winne The Dutch men furnish the Saluages with Armes Smiths Speech to Opechancanough 700. Saluages beset the English being but 16. Smiths speech to his Company Smiths offer to Opechancanough Opecahncanoughs deuicâ— to betray Smith Smith taketh the King prisoner Smiths discourse to the Pamavnkees The Salvages dissemble their intent Their excuse and reconcilement The losse of Mr. Scrivener and others with a Skiff Master Wyffins desperate iourney Powhatan constraineth his men to be trecherous The third attempt to betray vs. A chayne of pearle sent to obtaine peace The President poysoned the offendâ—r punished The Salvages want and povertie The Dutch-men did much hurt An Apology for the first Planters The Presidents advice to the Company The Dutch-mens plot to murther Cap. Smith Smith taketh the King of Paspahegh prisoner Cap. Smith taketh two Salvages prisoners The Salvages desire Peace Okaning his Oration A Salvage smoothered at Iames towne and recovered Two or three Salvages slaine in drying Powder Great extremitie by Rats Bread made of dried Sturgeon Their desire to destroy themselues The Presidents order for the drones But seuen of 200 dyed in nine monethâ— The Salvages returne our fugitiues Master Sicklemores Iourney to Chawwonoke Master Powels iorney to the Mangoags The Dutch mens proiects Two Gentlemen sent to the Germans The first arriuall of Captaine Argall Note these inconveniences The alteratâ—on of the government S ir Thomas Smith Treasurer The losse of Virginia The Salvages offer to fight vnder our colours Mutinies The planting Nandsamund The breach of peace with the Salvages Powhatan bought for Copper Mutiniâ— Fiue suppresse an hundred and twentie Breach of peace with the Salvage at the Falleâ— An assalt by the Salvages The planting of Non-such The Salvages appeased Captaine Smith blowne vp with powder A bloudy intent The causes why Smith left the Countrey and his Commission The ends of the Dutch-men * Hindereâ—â— The planting Point Comfort The arriuall of Sir Thomas Gates Iames towne abandoned The arriuall of the Lord la Ware Sir George Sommers returne to the Bermudas The building Fort Henry and Fort Charles Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The Relation of the Lord la Ware 100. Kine and 200. Swine sent to Virginia Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The arriuall of Sir Thomas Dale His preparation to build a new towne Diuers mutinie suppressed The second arriuall of Sir Thomas Gates The building of Henrico The building the Bermudas Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer Captaine Argals arriuall ☞ How Pocahontas was taken prisoner ☞ Seuen English returned from Powhatan prisoners Sir Thomas Dale his voyage to Pamavuke A man shot in the forehead Two of Powhatans sonnes come to see Pocahontas ☜ The mariage of Pocahontas to Master Iohn Rolfe Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The Chicahamanias desire friendship Articles of Peace The benefit of libertie in the planters William Spence the first Farmer in Virginia Captaine Argall voyage to Port Royall Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer Master Hamars iourney to Powhatan His message to Powhatan Powhatans answer William Parker recouered From a letter of Sir Thomas Dale and Master Wâ—itakers Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer A Spanish Ship in Virginia Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer A digression The gouernment of Captaine Yeaâ—ley Twelue Saluages slaine twelue prisoners taken and peace concluded 〈◊〉 108 Eleuen men cast away A bad-presiders Pocahontas instructions A relation to Queene Anne of Pocahontas
Pocahontas meeting in England with Captaine Smith Vitamatomack obseruations of his vsage Pocahontas her entertainment with the Queene Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The death of Pocahontas 1000. bushels of Corne from the Saluages Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The death of the Lord la Ware They are relieued in New-England Richard Killingbeck and foure other murdered by the Saluages Their Church and Store-house Farfax three children and two boyes also murdered Powhatans death Haile-stones eight inches about Sir Edwin Sands Treasurer Master Iohn Fareâ— Deputie Waraskoyack planted A barrell they account foure bushels Their time of Parlament Foure corporations named Captaine Wards exploit The number of Ships and men Gifts giuen But few performe them The Earle of Southampton Treasurer and M. Iohn Ferrar Deputy A French-man cast away at Guardalupo The Spaniards begin The Vice-Admirall shot betweene wind and water The manner of their fight The Captaine slaine A worthy exploit of Lucas The euent of the fight The Eaâ—le of South-hampton Treasurer Master Iohn Farrar Deputy The election of Sir Francis Wyat Gouernour for Virginia Notes worthy obseruation A degression Master Stockams relation The arriuall of Sir Francis Wyat. Master Gookins Plantation The number of Ships and men Gifts giuen Patents granted My iourney to the Easterne shore A good place to make salt in The King of Pawtxunts entertainment The trecherie of Namanicus Thomas Saluages good seruice The Earle of Southâ—mpton Treasure and Nicolas Farrar Deputy Fiue and twentie sent only to build Barks and Boats The death of Nemattanow writ by M. Wimp Security a bad guard The manner of the massacre Their cruelty The murder of Master Thorp The slauâ—hter of Captaine Powell A Saluage slaine M. Baldwines escape M. Thomas Hamer with 22 escapeth Captaine Ralfe Hamer with forty escapeth The Saluages attempt to surprise a ship Six of the Councell slaine How it was reuealed Memorandums Captaine Smith His Maiesties gâ—t London sets out 100 persons A lamentable example tâ—o oft appâ—oued Note this conclusion How the Spaniaâ—ds raise their wealth in the West Indies How they were reduced to fiue or six places Gookiâ—s and 〈◊〉 resolutions The opinion of Captaine Smith The prouidence of Captaine Nuse Captaine Croshaw his voyage to Patawomâ—k The arriuall of this newes in England Captaine Smiths offer to the Company Their answer The manner of the Sallery Captaine Croshaw states at Patawomek and his aduentures The escape of Waters and his Wâ—â—e The arriuall of Captaine 〈◊〉 at Patawomek Croshaws Fort and plot for trade â—â—â—taine Madysâ—â—â—ent â—ent to Patawâ—mâ—k The industry of Captaine Nuse Captaine Powel kils 3. Saluages The opinion of Captaine Smith Sir George Yearleys iourny to Accomack Captaine Nuse his misery An Alarum foure slaine The kindnesse of the King of Patawomek A Saluageâ— policy Madâ—son takes the Kâ—ng and kils 30. oâ— 40. The King set at liberty A digression Their proceedings of the other plantations 300 surpriseth Nandsamund Samuell Collyer slaine They surprise Pamavuke The opinion of Captaine Smith How to subiect all the Saluages in Virginia The arriuall of Captaine Butler his accidents A strange deliueraâ—ce of Master Aâ—gent others How Captaine Spilman was left in the Riuer of Patawomek The Earle of Southampton Treasurer Apparell for one man and so after the rate for more The causes of our first miseries But â—8 English in all Virginia Proofes of the healthfulnesse of the Countrey How the Saluages became subiected How we liued of the natural fruits of the Countrey Proofe of the Commodities we returned What we built How I left the Country My charge My reward The King hath pleased to take it iâ—to 〈◊〉 â—â—â—sideration The description of the Iles. The clime temper and fertility Trees and Fruits The Prickell Peare The poison weed The red weed The purging Beane The costiue tree Red Pepper The Sea feather Fruits transported Birds Egge-Birds Cahowes The Tropicke Bird and the Pemblicos presagements Of Vermine 〈◊〉 Ashes The most hurtfull things in those Iles. How it is supposed they were called the Bermudâ—â— The building and calking their Barke His returne for England A most desperate estate by a storm The care and iudgement of Sir George Somers An euident token of Gods mercy Sir George Somers 〈…〉 What meanes they mâ—de to send to Virginia A mariage and two children borne Their arriuall in Virginia Sir George Sâ—mmers his returne to the Bermudas 〈…〉 The proceedings of the three men A peece of Amber-greece of 80. pound weight How they were supplied 1611. The arriuall of Master More 1612. Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer Their differences about the Amber-greece Chard in danger of hanging Master Mores industry in fortifying and planting A contention of the Minister agâ—inst the Gouernor Two peeces wâ—â—hed out of the Sea Aduenture The first supply 1613. The second supply Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer A strange increase of Potatoes The attempt of two Spanish ships A great famine and mortalitie Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer A strange being of Rauens All workes abandoned to get onely victual A supply and M. Mores returne Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer Master Carter Captaine Kendall Capt. Mansfield A wonderfull accident Treasure found in the Summer Iles. A new Gouernor chosen Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer Captaine Tuckars proceedings A Barke sent to the West Indies The Assises The strange aduenture of fiue men in a boat Plants from the West Indies The exploits of Captain Powâ—ll The second Assise The third Assise Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The countrey neere deuoured with rats A strange confusion of rats The returne of M. Powel from the Indies A supposed mutiny by M. Pollard and M. Rich. 1618. The diuision of the Iles into Tribes Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The first Magazin Two exploits of desperate Fugitiues The arriuall of the Blessing The arriuall of two ships Captaine Butler chosen Gouernor A plat-forme burnt and much hurt by a Hericano 1619. The refortifying the Kings Castle Amber-greece found The arriuall of two Dutch Frigots The differences betwixt the Ministers The rebuilding the Mount. The Tombe of Sir George Summers Their manner of lawes reformed Martiall Officers Ciuill Officers and Courts The second Assise A generall assemblie in manner a Parliament Their Acts. The arriuall of the Magazin ship 70000. weight of Tobacco The building of three bridges and other works The generall Assises and the proceedings A strange deliuerance of a Spanish wracke How they solemnized the powder treason and the arriuall of two ships The Spaniards returne and in danger againe 1621. Three English Murderers found in the Spanish wracke Their Assises and other passages A strange Sodomy More trialls about the wracks The Planters complaints The returne of Captaine Butler The Lord Caueâ—dâ—sh Tâ—easuâ—er Master Nicholas Farrar Deputy Sir Edward Sackuil Treasurer Master Gabriel Barber Deputy Note 1624. Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer and Master Edwards Deputy Sir Francis Popham Treasurer My first voyage to New England 1614. The coÌ„modities I got amounted to 1500. pounds The trechery of Master Hunt How Prince Charles
Commission I was content to be overrulâ—d by the maior part of the Councell I feare to the hazard of vs all which now is generally confessed when it is too late Onely Captaine Winne and Captaine Waldo I haue sworne of the Councell and Crowned Powhatan according to you instructions For thâ— charge of this Voyage of two or three thousand pounds we haue not receiued the value of an hundred pounds And for the quartred Boat to be borne by thâ— Souldiers over the Falles Newport had 120 of the best men he could chuse If he had burnt her to ashâ—s one might haue carried her in a bag but as she is fiue hundred cannâ—t to a navigable place aboue the Falles And for him at that time to find in the South Sea a Mine of gold or any of them sent by Sir Walter Raleigh at our Consultation I told them was as likely as the rest But during this great discovery of thirtie myles which might as well haue beene done by one man and much more for the value of a pound of Copper at a seasonable tyme they had the Pinnace and all the Boats with thâ—m but one that remained with me to serue the Fort. In their absence I followed the new begun workes of Pitch and Tarre Glasse Sope-ashes and Clapboord whereof some small quantities we haue sent you But if you rightly consider what an infinite toyle it is in Russia and Swethland where the woods are proper for naught els and though there be the helpe both of man and beast in those ancient Common-wealths which many an hundred yeares haue vsed it yet thousands of those poore people can scarce gâ—t necessaries to liue but from hâ—nd to mouth And though your Factors there can buy as much in a week as will fraught you a ship or as much as you please you must not expect from vs any such matter which are but a many of ignorant miserable soules that are scarce able to get wherewith to liue and defend our selues against the inconstant Salvages finding but here and there a tree fit for the purpose and want all things els the Russians haue For the Coronation of Pâ—whatan by whose advice you sent him such presents I know not but this giue me leaue to tell you I feare thâ—y will be the confusion of vs all ere we heare from you againe At your Ships arrivall the Salvages harvest was newly gathered and we going to buy it our owne not being halfe sufficient for so great a number As for the two ships loading of Corne Nâ—wport prâ—mised to provide vs from Powhatan he brought vs but foureteene Bushels and from the Monacans nothing but the most of the men sicke and neare famished From your Ship we had not provision in victuals worth twenty pound and we are more then two hundred to liue vpon this the one halfe sicke the other little better For the Saylers I confesse they daily make good cheare but our dyet is a little meale and water and not sufficient of that Though there be fish in the Sea foules in the ayre and Beasts in the woods their bounds are so large they so wilde and we so weake and ignorant we cannot much trouble them Captaine Newport we much suspect to be the Authour of those inventions Now that you should know I haue made you as great a discovery as he for lesse charge then he spendeth you every meale I haue sent you this Mappe of the Bay and Rivers with an annexed Relation of the Countries and Nations that inhabit them as you may see at large Also two barrels of stones and such as I take to be good Iron ore at the least so devided as by their notes you may see in what places I found them The Souldiers say many of your officers maintaine their families out of that you send vs and that Newport hath an hundred pounds a yeare for carrying newes For every master you haue yet sent can find the way as well as he so that an hundred pounds might be spared which is more then we haue all thâ—t helpe to pay him wages Cap. Ratliffe is now called Sicklâ—more a poore counterfeited Imposture I haue sent you him home least the company should cut his throat What he is now every one can tell you if he and Archer returne againe they are sufficient to keepe vs alwayes in factions When you send againe I intreat you rather send but thirty Caâ—penters husbandmen gardiners fisher men blacksmiths masons and diggers vp of trees roots well provided then a thousand of such as we haue for except wee be able both to lodge them and feed them the most will consume with want of necessaries before they can be made good for any thing Thus if you please to consider this account and of the vnnecessary wages to Captaine Newport or his ships so long lingering and staying here for notwithstanding his boasting to leaue vs victuals for 12 monâ—ths though we had 89 by this discovery lame and sicke and but a pinte of Corne a day for a man we were constrained to giue him three hogsheads of that to victuall him homeward or yet to send into Germany or Poleland for glasse-men the rest till we be able to sustaine our selues and relieue them when they come It were better to giue fiue hundred pound a tun for those grosse Commodities in Denmarke then send for them hither till more necessary things be provided For in over-toyling our weake and vnskilfull bodies to satisfie this desire of present profit we can scarce ever recover our selues from one Supply to another And I humbly intreat you hereafter let vs know what we should receiue and not stand to the Saylers courtesie to leaue vs what they please els you may charge vs with what you will but we not you with any thing These are the causes that haue kept vs in Virginia from laying such a foundation that â—re this might haue given much better content and satisfaction but as yet you must not looke for any profitable returnes so I humbly rest The Names of those in this Supply were these with their Proceedings and Accidents Captaine Peter Winne Captaine Richard Waldo were appoynted to be of the Councell Master Francis VVest brother to the Lord La VVarre Gent. Thomas Graues Raleigh Chroshaw Gabriel Beadle Iohn Beadle Iohn Russell William Russell Iohn Cuderington William Sambage Henry Leigh Henry Philpot. Harmon Harrison Daniel Tucker Henry Collins Hugh Wolleston Iohn Hoult Thomas Norton George Yarington George Burton Thomas Abbay William Dowman Thomas Maxes Michael Lowick Master Hunt Thomas Fâ—rrâ—st Iohn Dauxe Tradsmen Thomas Phâ—lps Iohn Prat. Iohn Clarke Ieffrey Shortridge Dionis Oconor Hugh Winne Dauid ap Hugh Thomas Bradley Iohn Burraâ— Thomas Lâ—vander Henry Bell. Master Powell David Ellis Thomas Gibson Labourers Thomas Dawse Thomas Mallard William Tayler Thomas Fox Nicholas Hancock Walker Williams Floud Morley Rose Scot. Hardwyn Boyes Milman Hilliard Mistresse Forrest and Anne Burras her maide eight Dutch men and
M. Iohn Bernards assignes 2 Share M. Elias Roberts Iun. 1 Share M. Iohn Gearing 2 Share M. Cleophas Smith 2 Share Robert Earle of Warwick 4 Share M. Thomas Couell 3 Share M. Greenwels assignes 1 Share M. Cley 1 Share M. Powlson 2 Share M. Iohn Dike 1.1 2 Share Comon land for conueniency 25 Share M. Iohn Dike 1. 1 2 Share M. George Thorps assignes 1 Share 2. Smiths Tribe Sir Dudley Digs assignes 2 Share M. Richard Edwards 2 Share M. William Pane. 4 Share M. Robert Smith 2 Share M. George Barkley assignes 5 Share Sir Samuel Sands 1 Share M. Anthony Pennistone 4 Share Sir Edwin Sands 5 Share Sir Thomas Smith 5 Share M. Richard More 4 Share M. Ad. Brumfield 2 Share M Rob. Iohnson Alderman 5 Share M. Iohn Wroth. 3 Share M. George Smith 4 Share 3. Deuonshire Tribe M. Anth. Penistone 2 Share M. Iohn Dike 1 Share M. Iohn Dike 1 Share M. Iohn Bernards heires 2 Shares Robert Earle of Warwick 2 Shares M. Francis West 2 Shares Will. Lord Cavendish 5 Shares Will. Earle of Deuonshire 5 Shares M. Edw. Luckin 5 Shares M. Edw. Ditchfield 1 Shares M. Edw. Ditchfield 4 Shares M. Will. Nicols 2 Shares M. Edw. Ditchfield 1 Shares M. Iohn Fletcher 2 Shares M. Gedion Delawne 2 Shares M. Anth. Pennistone 3 Shares M. Best 2 Shares M. Edw. Luckin 2 Shares M. Richard Rogers 2 Shares M. Will. Palmer 4 Shares 4. Pembrookes Tribe M. George Smith 4 Shares Gleab land 2 Shares M. Nicholas Hide 1 Shares Sir Lawrence Hide 1 Shares M. Thomas Iudwyn 2 Shares Will. Earle of Pemb. 10 Shares M. Richard Edwards 1 Shares M. Harding 1 Shares M. Rich. Edwards 1 Shares M. Elias Roberts 1 Shares M. Rich. Edwards 1 Shares M. Iacobsons assignes 1 Shares M. Iohn Farrar 1 Shares M. Nicholas Farrar 1 Shares M. Nicholas Farrar 1 Shares M. Will. Canning 2 Shares M. Richard Martin 2 Shares M. Moris Abbot 2 Shares M. Rich. Caswell 1 Shares M. Rich. Caswell 2 Shares M. VVill. Caswell 1 Shares M. Rich. Edwards 2 Shares M. Rich. Caswell 1 Shares M. Rich. Edwards 1 Shares M. George Sands assignes 2 Shares M. Will. Paine 2 Shares 5. Pagits Tribe M. Iohn Chamberlaine 5 Shares M. Tho. Ayres and 4 Shares M. Rich. Wiseman 4 Shares M. Rich. Wiseman 1 Shares Will. Lord Pagit 10 Shares M. Will. Palmer 4 Shares M. Bagnell 5 Shares M. Iohn Bale 1 Shares M. Wheatley 4 Shares M. Christop Barron 4 Shares M. Iohn Wodall 1 Shares M. Iohn Wodall 1 Shares M. Lewis 2 Shares M. Owen Arthors assignes 2 Shares M. George Etheridge 4 Shares 〈…〉 2 Shares Sir VVill. VVade 1 Shares M. Iohn Bernards heires 1 Shares 6. Warwicks Tribe M. VVheatley 2 Shares Cap. Daniel Tuckar 2 Shares M. Will. Felgate 1 Shares Rob. Earle of Warwicke 5 Shares M. George Smith 5 Shares M. Sam. Tickner 2 Shares M. Francis Mevell 1 Shares M. Sephen Sparrow 1 Shares M. Ioseph Man 5 Shares Cap. Daniel Tuckar 2 Shares M. Elias More 1 Shares Doctor Anth. Hunton 2 Shares M. Francis Moverill 1 Shares M. Rich. Poulson 1 Shares M. Math. Shephard 1 Shares M. George Tuckar 10 Shares M. Ch. Clitheroe 1 Shares M. George Swinow 2 Shares M. Rich. Tomlings 1 Shares M. Francis Meverill 1 Shares M. Iohn Waters 2 Shares M. Martin Bond. 2 Shares 7. Southamptons Tribe Cap. Dan. Tuckar 4 Shares M. Iohn Britton 1 Shares M. Rich. Chamberland 3 Shares M. Leon. Harwods assignes 1 Shares M. Iohn Banks 1 Shares Sir Nathanael Rich. 12 Shares Rob. Earle of VVarwicke 3 Shares M. Richard More 6 Shares M. George Scot. 6 Shares M. Edward Scot. 6 Shares M. Antho. Abdy 6 Shares Hen. Earle of Southampton 4 Shares M. And. Broumfield 2 Shares M. Henry Timbed 2 Shares Sir Tho. Hewet 2 Shares M. Perce 1 Shares Sir Raloh Winwood 2 Shares 8. Sandys Tribe M. George Barcklies heires 5 Shares Sir Edwin Sands 5 Shares M. Ierom Hidon 10 Shares M. Tho. Millin and 2 Shares M. Iohn Cuffe 2 Shares M. Robert Chamberlaine 2 Shares M. Abr. Chamberlaine 1 Shares M. George Smith 2 Shares M. Robert Gore 3 Shares Sir Edw. Sackvile 1 Shares Sir Iohn Dauers 1 Shares M. Robert Gore 2 Shares M. Iohn Delbridge 1 Shares M. Iohn VVroth 1 Shares M. Iohn VVests heires 4 Shares M. Richard Chamberlaine 10 Shares Touching the common ground in each Tribe as also the ouer-plus you may finde that at large in the Booke of Surueyes amongst their Records Now though the Countrey was small yet they could not conueniently haue beene disposed and well setled without a true description and a suruey of it and againe euery man being setled where he might constantly abide they knew their businesse and fitted their houshold accordingly then they built no more Cabbens but substantiall houses they cleered their grounds and planted not onely such things as would yeeld them their fruits in a few moneths but also such as would affoord them profit within a few yeares so that in a short time the Countrey began to aspire and neerely approach vnto that happinesse and prosperitie wherein now it flourisheth c. But to follow the History vpon the best plot of ground could be found the Gouernor preuailed so much with the generalitie they built a faire house of Cedar which being done he appropriated it to himselfe which occasioned exceeding much distaste About this time arriued the Diana with a good supply of men and prouision and the first Magazin euer seene in those Iles which course is not so much commended here as cursed and abhorred by reason of enhansements of all the Inhabitants there six or seuen weeks this ship staied then hauing towards her fraught thirtie thousand weight of Tobacco which prouing good and comming to a lucky Market gaue great encouragement to the Aduenturers to goe lustily forward in their Plantation and without such successe there is nothing but grudging and repining But about the appropriation of this new built house many bad discontents grew betwixt the oppressed Colony and the Gouernor especially betwixt him and the Minister and Lewes who would neither be feared with threats nor imprisonment that their malice continued till they met in England of which the Minister made the cause so plaiue hee very well and honestly it seemes discharged himselfe Now in those times of these endlesse vnciuill broiles two desperate men and a proper Gentlewoman got into a Boat and thinking to make an escape to Virginia as appeared by some Letters they left behinde them were neuer more heard on The very next moneth after the like was attempted by six others so desirous they were to be rid of their seruitude but their plot being discouered by one of their societie they were apprehended arraigned and condemned to be hanged the next day being led with halters about their neckes to the place of execution one was hanged and the rest repriued The Diana arriuing well in England for all the infinite numbers of complaints the Tobacco did
would long ere this haue troubled their neighbours or haue eaten the pride of Spaine it selfe Now hee knowes little that knowes not England may well spare many more people then Spaine and is as well able to furnish them with all manner of necessaries and seeing for all they haue they cease not still to search for that they haue not and know not it is strange we should be so dull as not maintaine that which we haue and pursue that we know Surely I am sure many would take it ill to be abridged of the titles and honors of their predecessorâ— when if but truly they would iudge themselues looke how inferior they are to their Noble Vertues so much they are vnworthy of their honors and liuings which neuer were ordained for shewes and shadowes to maintaine idlenesse and vice but to make them more able to abound in honor by Heroicall deeds of action iudgement pietie and vertue What was it both in their purse and person they would not doe for the good of their Common-wealth which might moue them presently to set out their spare children in these generous designes Religion aboue all things should moue vs especially the Clergie if we are religious to shew our faith by our works in conuerting those poore Saluages to the knowledge of God seeing what paines the Spaniards takes to bring them to their adultered faith Honor might moue the Gentry the valiant and industrious and the hope and assurance of wealth all if we were that we would seeme and be accounted or be we so farre inferior to other Nations or our spirits so farre deiected from our ancient predecessors or our mindes so vpon spoile piracy and such villany as to serue the Portugall Spaniard Dutch French or Turke as to the cost of Europe too many doe rather then our God our King our Country and our selues excusing our idlenesse and our base complaints by want of imploiment when here is such choice of all sorts and for all degrees in the planting and discouering these North parts of America My second voyage to New England IN the yeere of our Lord 1615. I was imploied by many my friends of London and Sir Ferdinando Gorges a noble Knight and a great fauourer of those actions who perswaded the reuerend Deane of Exeter Doctor Sutliffe and diuers Merchants of the West to entertaine this Plantation Much labour I had taken to bring the Londoners and them to ioyne together because the Londoners haue most Money and the Westerne men are most proper for fishing and it is neere as much trouble but much more danger to faile from London to Plimoth then from Plimoth to New England so that halfe the voiage would thus be saued yet by no meanes I could preuaile so desirous they were both to be Lords of this fishing Now to make my words more apparant by my deeds to begin a Plantation for a more ample triall of those conclusions I was to haue staied there but with sixteene men whose names were Tho. Dirmer Gent. Iohn Gosling Sould. Thomas Digby Walter Chisell were to learne to be Sailers Edw. Stallings William Ingram Daniel Baker Robert Miller Daniel Cage Dauid Cooper Adam Smith And two Boyes Francis Abbot Iohn Partridge Tho. Watson I confesse I could haue wished them as many thousands had all other prouisions beene in like proportion nor would I haue had so few could I haue had means for more yet would God haue pleased we had safely arriued I doubted not but to haue performed more then I promised and that many thousands ere this would haue bin there ere now The maine assistance next God I had to this small number was my acquaintance amongst the Saluages especially with Dohoday one of their greatest Lords who had liued long in England and another called Tantum I caried with mee from England and set on shore at Cape Cod by the meanes of this proud Saluage I did not doubt but quickly to haue got that credit amongst the rest of the Saluages and their alliance to haue had as many of them as I desired in any designe I intended and that trade also they had by such a kinde of exchange of their Countrey Commodities which both with ease and securitie might then haue beene vsed with him and diuers others I had concluded to inhabit and defend them against the Tarentines with a better power then the French did them whose tyrannie did inforce them to embrace my offer with no small deuotion and though many may think me more bold then wise in regard of their power dexteritie treachery and inconstancy hauing so desperately assaulted and betraied many others I say but this because with so many I haue many times done much more in Virginia then I intended here when I wanted that experience Virginia taught mee that to me it seemes no more danger then ordinary and though I know my selfe the meanest of many thousands whose apprehensiue inspection can pierce beyond the bounds of my abilities into the hidden things of Nature Art and Reason yet I intreat such giue mee leaue to excuse my selfe of so much imbecillitie as to say that in these eighteene yeeres which I haue beene conuersant with these affaires I haue not learned there is a great difference betwixt the directions and iudgement of experimentall knowledge and the superficiall coniecture of variable relation wherein rumour humour or misprision haue such power that oft times one is enough to beguile twentie but twentie not sufficient to keepe one from being deceiued Therefore I know no reason but to beleeue my owne eies before any mans imagination that is but wrested from the conceits of my owne proiects and endeuours but I honor with all affection the counsell and instructions of iudiciall directions or any other honest aduertisement so farre to obserue as they tie me not to the crueltie of vnknowne euents These are the inducements that thus drew me to me to neglect all other imploiments and spend my time and best abilities in these aduentures wherein though I haue had many discouragements by the ingratitude of some the malicious slanders of others the falsenesse of friends the treachery of cowards and slownesse of Aduenturers Now you are to remember as I returned first from New England at Plimoth I was promised foure good ships ready prepared to my hand the next Christmas and what conditions and content I would desire to put this businesse in practise and arriuing at London foure more were offered me with the like courtesie But to ioyne the Londoners them in one was most impossible so that Ianuary with two hundred pound in Chash for aduenture and six Gentlemen well furnished I went from London to the foure ships were promised me at Plimoth but I found no such matter and the most of those that had made such great promises by the bad returne of the ship went for Gold and their priuate emulations were extinct and qualified Notwithstanding at last with