speak_v or_o preach_v to_o they_o street_n note_v the_o quaker_n have_v a_o meetinghouse_n in_o that_o street_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v then_o keep_v by_o soldier_n and_o therefore_o they_o meet_v as_o near_o to_o it_o as_o they_o can_v in_o the_o open_a street_n but_o what_o he_o say_v the_o witness_n who_o be_v officer_n and_o soldier_n send_v to_o disperse_v they_o can_v not_o hear_v this_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o evidence_n which_o sir_n john_n howel_n the_o then_o recorder_n as_o i_o find_v in_o the_o print_n of_o that_o trial_n p._n 14_o be_v please_v to_o sum_n up_o to_o the_o jury_n in_o these_o word_n you_o have_v hear_v what_o the_o indictment_n be_v it_o be_v for_o preach_v to_o the_o people_n in_o the_o street_n and_o draw_v a_o tumultuous_a company_n after_o they_o and_o mr._n pen_n be_v speak_v if_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v disturb_v you_o see_v they_o will_v go_v on_o there_o be_v three_o or_o four_o witness_n that_o have_v prove_v this_o that_o he_o do_v preach_v there_o that_o mr._n mead_n do_v allow_v of_o it_o after_o this_o you_o have_v hear_v by_o substantial_a witness_n what_o be_v say_v against_o they_o now_o we_o be_v upon_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n which_o you_o be_v to_o keep_v to_o and_o observe_v as_o what_o have_v be_v full_o swear_v at_o your_o pern_n this_o trial_n begin_v on_o the_o saturday_n the_o jury_n retire_v after_o some_o considerable_a time_n spend_v in_o debate_n come_v in_o and_o give_v this_o verdict_n guilty_a of_o speak_v in_o gray-church-street_n at_o which_o the_o court_n be_v offend_v and_o tell_v they_o they_o have_v as_o good_a say_v nothing_o add_v be_v it_o not_o a_o unlawful_a assembly_n you_o mean_v he_o be_v speak_v to_o a_o tumult_n of_o people_n there_o but_o the_o foreman_n say_v what_o he_o have_v deliver_v be_v all_o he_o have_v in_o commission_n and_o other_o of_o they_o affirm_v that_o they_o allow_v of_o no_o such_o word_n as_o a_o unlawful_a assembly_n in_o their_o verdict_n they_o be_v send_v back_o again_o and_o then_o bring_v in_o a_o verdict_n in_o writing_n subscribe_v with_o all_o their_o hand_n in_o these_o word_n we_o the_o juror_n hereafter_o name_v do_v find_v william_n pen_n to_o be_v guilty_a of_o speak_v or_o preach_v to_o a_o assembly_n meet_v together_o in_o gray-church-street_n the_o 14_o of_o aug._n 1670._o and_o william_n mead_n not_o guilty_a of_o the_o say_a indictment_n restraint_n indictment_n note_v though_o this_o jury_n for_o their_o excellent_a example_n of_o courage_n and_o constancy_n deserve_v the_o commendation_n of_o every_o good_a englishman_n yet_o if_o they_o have_v be_v better_o advise_v they_o may_v have_v bring_v the_o prisoner_n in_o not_o guilty_a ut_fw-mi first_fw-mi save_v themselves_o the_o trouble_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o these_o two_o night_n restraint_n this_o the_o court_n resent_v still_o worse_o and_o therefore_o send_v they_o back_o again_o and_o adjourn_v till_o sunday_n morning_n but_o then_o too_o they_o insist_v on_o the_o same_o verdict_n so_o the_o court_n adjourn_v till_o monday_n morning_n and_o then_o the_o jury_n bring_v in_o the_o prisoner_n general_o not_o guilty_a which_o be_v record_v and_o allow_v of_o but_o immediate_o the_o court_n fine_v they_o forty_o mark_v a_o man_n and_o to_o lie_v in_o prison_n till_o pay_v be_v thus_o in_o custody_n edw._n bushel_n one_o of_o the_o say_a juror_n on_o the_o 9th_o of_o nou._n follow_v bring_v his_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n on_o which_o the_o sheriff_n of_o london_n make_v retorn_a that_o he_o be_v detain_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o order_n of_o session_n whereby_o a_o fine_a of_o forty_o mark_n be_v set_v upon_o he_o and_o eleven_o other_o particular_o name_v and_o every_o of_o they_o be_v juror_n swear_v to_o try_v the_o issue_n join_v between_o the_o king_n and_o pen_n and_o mead_n for_o certain_a trespass_n contempt_n unlawful_a assembly_n and_o tumult_n and_o who_o then_o and_o there_o do_v acquit_v the_o say_a pen_n and_o mead_n of_o the_o same_o against_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o against_o full_a and_o manifest_a evidence_n and_o against_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n in_o matter_n of_o law_n of_o and_o upon_o the_o premise_n open_o in_o court_n to_o they_o give_v and_o declare_v and_o that_o it_o be_v order_v they_o shall_v be_v imprison_v till_o they_o several_o pay_v the_o say_v fine_a which_o the_o say_a bushel_n not_o have_v do_v large_a see_v bushel_n case_v in_o vaughan_n report_n at_o large_a the_o same_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o caption_n and_o detention_n the_o court_n come_v to_o debate_v the_o validity_n of_o this_o retorn_a adjudge_v they_o same_o insufficient_a for_o 1._o the_o word_n against_o full_a and_o manifest_a evidence_n be_v too_o general_a a_o cause_n the_o evidence_n shall_v have_v be_v full_o and_o particular_o recite_v else_o how_o shall_v the_o court_n know_v it_o be_v so_o full_a and_o evident_a they_o have_v now_o only_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o session_n for_o it_o that_o it_o be_v so_o but_o say_v the_o judge_n our_o judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v ground_v upon_o our_o own_o inference_n and_o understanding_n and_o not_o upon_o they_o 2._o it_o be_v not_o say_v that_o they_o acquit_v the_o person_n indict_v against_o full_a and_o manifest_a evidence_n corrupt_o and_o know_v the_o say_a evidence_n to_o be_v full_a and_o manifest_a for_o otherwise_o it_o can_v be_v no_o crime_n for_o that_o may_v seem_v full_a and_o manifest_a to_o the_o court_n which_o do_v not_o appear_v so_o to_o the_o jury._n 3._o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o return_n viz._n that_o the_o jury_n have_v acquit_v those_o indict_v against_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n in_o matter_n of_o law_n be_v also_o adjudge_v to_o be_v naught_o and_o unreasonable_a and_o the_o fine_v of_o the_o jury_n for_o give_v their_o verdict_n in_o any_o case_n conclude_v to_o be_v illegal_a for_o the_o several_a reason_n before_o recite_v and_o other_o authority_n of_o law_n urge_v to_o that_o purpose_n and_o all_o the_o precedent_n and_o allegation_n bring_v to_o justify_v the_o fine_a and_o commitment_n solid_o answer_v whereupon_o the_o chief_a justice_n deliver_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n that_o the_o cause_n of_o commitment_n be_v insufficient_a and_o according_o the_o say_a bushel_n and_o other_o his_o fellow-prisoner_n be_v discharge_v and_o leave_v to_o the_o common_a law_n for_o remedy_n and_o reparation_n of_o the_o damage_n by_o that_o tortuous_a illegal_a imprisonment_n sustain_v which_o case_n be_v among_o other_o report_a by_o that_o learned_a judge_n sir_n john_n vaughan_n at_o that_o time_n lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n set_v forth_o all_o the_o argument_n reason_n &_o authority_n on_o which_o the_o court_n proceed_v therein_o from_o which_o i_o have_v extract_v most_o of_o the_o reason_n which_o before_o i_o recite_v for_o this_o point_n &_o for_o the_o great_a part_n in_o the_o very_a word_n of_o that_o reverend_a author_n jurym._n this_o resolution_n have_v one_o will_v think_v as_o you_o say_v knock_v this_o illegal_a practice_n on_o the_o head_n beyond_o any_o possibility_n of_o revival_n but_o may_v it_o not_o one_o day_n be_v deny_v to_o be_v law_n and_o the_o contrary_n justify_v barr_n no_o such_o thing_n can_v be_v do_v without_o apparent_a violate_v and_o subvert_v all_o law_n justice_n and_o modesty_n for_o though_o the_o precedent_n itself_o be_v valuable_a and_o without_o further_a inquiry_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v allow_v when_o give_v thus_o deliberate_o upon_o solemn_a debate_n by_o the_o whole_a court_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o only_a that_o but_o the_o sound_a substantial_a and_o everlasting_a reason_n whereon_o they_o ground_v such_o their_o resolve_n that_o will_v at_o all_o time_n justify_v fine_v of_o jury_n in_o such_o case_n to_o be_v illegal_a beside_o as_o the_o reporter_n be_v most_o considerable_a both_o in_o his_o quality_n as_o lord_n chief_a justice_n and_o for_o his_o part_n soundness_n of_o judgement_n and_o deep_a learning_n in_o the_o law_n so_o such_o his_o book_n of_o report_n be_v approve_v and_o recommend_v to_o the_o world_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o page_n next_o after_o the_o epistle_n by_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o present_a lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n sir_n william_n scroggs_n now_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n my_o lord_n north_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o in_o a_o word_n by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n at_o the_o time_n of_o publish_v thereof_o so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v how_o any_o book_n can_v challenge_v great_a authority_n unless_o we_o shall_v expect_v it_o to_o be_v particular_o confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n jurym._n you_o have_v answer_v all_o my_o scruple_n and_o since_o i_o
ethelreds_n law_n in_o singulis_fw-la centuriis_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o every_o hundred_o let_v there_o be_v a_o court_n and_o let_v twelve_o ancient_a freeman_n together_o with_o the_o lord_n or_o rather_o according_a to_o the_o saxon_a the_o greve_n i._n e._n the_o chief_a officer_n among_o they_o be_v swear_v that_o they_o will_v not_o condemn_v any_o person_n that_o be_v innocent_a nor_o acquit_v any_o one_o that_o be_v guilty_a 3._o when_o the_o norman_n come_v in_o william_n though_o common_o call_v the_o conqueror_n jurata_fw-la continue_a by_o the_o norman_n see_v spelmans_fw-mi glossar_n in_o the_o word_n jurata_fw-la be_v so_o far_o from_o abrogate_a this_o privilege_n of_o juries_n that_o in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o confirm_v all_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n law_n and_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whereof_o this_o be_v a_o essential_a and_o most_o material_a part_n nay_o he_o make_v use_v of_o a_o jury_n choose_v in_o every_o county_n to_o report_v and_o certify_v on_o their_o oath_n what_o those_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v as_o appear_v in_o the_o proem_n of_o such_o his_o confirmation_n 4._o charta_fw-la confirm_a by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la afterward_o when_o the_o great_a charter_n common_o call_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la which_o be_v nothing_o else_o than_o a_o recital_n confirmation_n and_o corroboration_n of_o our_o ancient_a english_a liberty_n be_v make_v and_o put_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o the_o 9th_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d_o which_o be_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1225._o then_o be_v this_o privilege_n of_o trial_n by_o jury_n in_o a_o especial_a manner_n confirm_v and_o establish_v as_o in_o the_o 14_o chapter_n that_o no_o amercement_n shall_v be_v assess_v but_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o good_a and_o honest_a man_n of_o the_o vicinage_n and_o more_o full_o in_o that_o gold_n on_o nine_o and_o twenty_o chapter_n no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v nor_o be_v disseize_v of_o his_o freehold_a or_o liberties_n or_o free_a custom_n or_o be_v outlaw_v or_o exile_v or_o any_o other_o way_n destroy_v nor_o shall_v we_o pass_v upon_o he_o or_o condemn_v he_o but_o by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n etc._n etc._n which_o grand_a charter_n have_v be_v confirm_v by_o above_o thirty_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o say_v right_o of_o juty_n thereby_o and_o by_o constant_a usage_n and_o common_a custom_n of_o england_n which_o be_v the_o common_a law_n be_v bring_v down_o to_o we_o as_o our-undoubted_n birthright_n and_o the_o best_a inheritance_n of_o every_o english_a man_n for_o as_o that_o famous_a lawyer_n chief_a justice_n cook_n in_o the_o word_n of_o cicero_n excellent_o aver_v 56._o 2._o institutes_n fol._n 56._o major_a hereditas_fw-la venit_fw-la unicuique_fw-la nostrum_fw-la a_o jure_fw-la &_o legibus_fw-la quam_fw-la a_o parentibus_fw-la it_o be_v a_o great_a inheritance_n and_o more_o to_o be_v value_v which_o we_o derive_v from_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n and_o law_n of_o our_o country_n than_o that_o which_o come_v to_o we_o from_o our_o respective_a parent_n for_o without_o the_o former_a we_o have_v no_o claim_n to_o the_o latter_a j._n but_o have_v this_o method_n of_o trial_n never_o be_v attempt_v to_o be_v invade_v or_o justle_v out_o of_o practice_n b._n it_o be_v but_o rare_o that_o any_o have_v arrive_v to_o so_o great_a a_o confidence_n punish_v essay_n make_v to_o overthrow_v trial_n by_o juries_n always_o unsuccessful_a and_o severe_o punish_v for_o it_o be_v a_o most_o dangerous_a thing_n to_o shake_v or_o alter_v any_o of_o the_o rule_n or_o fundamental_a point_n of_o the_o common_a law_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v the_o main_a pillar_n and_o supporter_n of_o the_o fabric_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n these_o be_v judge_n cook_n word_n 74._o word_n 2._o institutes_n pag._n 74._o yet_o sometime_o it_o have_v be_v endeavour_v but_o so_o sacred_a and_o valuable_a be_v the_o institution_n in_o the_o eye_n of_o our_o ancestor_n and_o so_o tenacious_a be_v they_o of_o their_o privilege_n and_o zealous_a to_o maintain_v and_o preserve_v such_o a_o vital_a part_n of_o their_o birthright_n and_o freedom_n that_o no_o such_o attempt_n can_v ever_o prove_v effectual_a but_o always_o end_v with_o the_o shame_n and_o severe_a punishment_n of_o the_o rash_a undertaker_n for_o example_n 1._o andrew_n horn_n a_o eminent_a lawyer_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n write_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n edw._n 1._o now_o near_o 400_o year_n ago_o in_o the_o five_o chapter_n and_o first_o section_n record_n that_o the_o renown_a saxon_a king_n alfred_n cause_v four_o and_o forty_o justice_n to_o be_v hang_v in_o one_o year_n as_o murderer_n for_o their_o false_a judgement_n and_o there_o recite_v their_o particular_a crime_n most_o of_o they_o be_v in_o one_o kind_n or_o other_o infringement_n violation_n and_o encroachment_n of_o and_o upon_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o jury_n among_o the_o rest_n that_o worthy_a author_n tell_v we_o he_o hang_v one_o justice_n cadwine_n because_o he_o judge_v one_o hackwy_a to_o death_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o juror_n for_o whereas_o he_o stand_v upon_o his_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n because_o three_o of_o they_o will_v have_v save_v he_o this_o cadwine_n remove_v those_o three_o and_o put_v other_o in_o their_o room_n on_o the_o jury_n against_o the_o say_a hackwy_n be_v consent_n where_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o though_o at_o last_o twelve_o man_n do_v give_v a_o verdict_n against_o he_o yet_o those_o so_o put_v upon_o he_o be_v not_o account_v his_o juror_n by_o reason_n all_o or_o any_o of_o they_o who_o be_v first_o swear_v to_o try_v he_o can_v not_o by_o law_n be_v remove_v and_o other_o put_v in_o their_o stead_n and_o that_o such_o illegal_a alteration_n be_v then_o adjudge_v a_o capital_a crime_n and_o forthwith_o the_o say_a cadwine_n be_v hang_v 2._o a_o second_o instance_n i_o shall_v give_v you_o in_o the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n cook_n against_o this_o ancient_a and_o fundamental_a law_n and_o in_o the_o face_n thereof_o there_o be_v in_o the_o 11._o year_n of_o king_n henry_n 7._o 51._o cook_n 2._o part_n of_o institutes_n fol._n 51._o cap._n 3._o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n obtain_v on_o fair_a pretence_n and_o a_o specious_a preamble_n as_o to_o avoid_v divers-mischief_n &c_n &c_n whereby_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o from_o thenceforth_o as_o well_o justice_n assize_n as_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n upon_o a_o bare_a information_n for_o the_o king_n before_o they_o make_v without_o any_o find_n or_o presentment_n by_o the_o verdict_n of_o twelve_o man_n shall_v have_v full_a power_n and_o authority_n by_o their_o discretion_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o offence_n and_o contemt_n commit_v or_o do_v by_o any_o person_n or_o person_n against_o the_o form_n ordinance_n or_o effect_v of_o any_o statute_n make_v and_o not_o repeal_v etc._n etc._n by_o colour_n of_o which_o act_n say_v cook_n shake_v this_o fundamental_a law_n he_o mean_v touch_v all_o trial_n to_o be_v by_o juries_n it_o be_v not_o credible_a what_o horrible_a oppression_n and_o exaction_n to_o the_o undo_n of_o multitude_n of_o people_n be_v commit_v by_o sir_n richard_n enipson_n knight_n and_o edmund_n dudley_n esq_n be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n throughout_o england_n and_o upon_o this_o unjust_a and_o injurious_a act_n as_o common_o in_o like_a case_n it_o fall_v out_o a_o new_a office_n be_v erect_v and_o they_o make_v master_n of_o the_o king_n forfeiture_n but_o not_o only_o this_o statute_n be_v just_o soon_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o hen._n 7._o repeal_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 1_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 6._o but_o also_o the_o say_a empson_n and_o dudley_n notwithstanding_o they_o have_v such_o a_o act_n to_o back_v they_o yet_o it_o be_v against_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o consequent_o void_a be_v fair_o execute_v for_o their_o pain_n and_o several_a of_o their_o under_o agent_n 273._o see_v sir_n rich._n baker_n chron._n p._n 273._o as_o promoter_n informer_n and_o the_o like_a severe_o punish_v for_o a_o warn_n to_o all_o other_o that_o shall_v dare_v on_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o infringe_v our_o english_a liberty_n for_o so_o the_o lord_n 41._o lord_n 4_o part_n instit_fw-la fol._n 41._o cook_n have_v elsewhere_o with_o detestation_n mention_v their_o story_n pathetical_o conclude_v qui_fw-la eorum_fw-la vestigiis_fw-la insistant_fw-la exitus_fw-la perhorrescant_fw-la let_v all_o those_o who_o shall_v presume_v to_o tread_v their_o step_n tremble_v at_o their_o dreadful_a end_n other_o instance_n of_o a_o latter_a date_n may_v be_v give_v but_o i_o suppose_v these_o may_v suffice_v j._n yes_o sure_o jury_n the_o benefit_n of_o be_v try_v by_o jury_n and_o by_o what_o you_o have_v discourse_v of_o the_o
the_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n in_o matter_n of_o law_n shall_v be_v understand_v that_o if_o the_o judge_n have_v hear_v the_o evidence_n give_v in_o court_n for_o he_o can_v regular_o know_v no_o other_o though_o the_o jury_n may_v shall_v tell_v the_o jury_n upon_o this_o evidence_n the_o law_n be_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o the_o defendant_n and_o the_o jury_n be_v under_o pain_n of_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n to_o find_v according_o then_o it_o be_v plain_a the_o jury_n ought_v of_o duty_n so_o to_o do_v now_o if_o this_o be_v true_a who_o see_v not_o that_o the_o jury_n be_v but_o a_o trouble_n some_o doldy_n of_o great_a charge_n much_o formality_n and_o no_o real_a use_n in_o determine_v right_a and_o wrong_n but_o mere_a echo_n to_o sound_v back_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o court_n and_o consequent_o that_o trial_n by_o they_o may_v be_v better_o abolish_v than_o continue_v which_o be_v at_o once_o to_o spit_v folly_n in_o the_o face_n of_o our_o venerable_a ancestor_n and_o enslave_v our_o posterity_n 9_o as_o the_o judge_n can_v never_o direct_v what_o the_o law_n be_v in_o any_o matter_n controvert_v without_o first_o know_v the_o fact_n so_o he_o can_v possible_o know_v the_o fact_n but_o from_o the_o evidence_n which_o the_o jury_n have_v but_o he_o can_v never_o full_o know_v what_o evidence_n they_o have_v for_o beside_o what_o be_v swear_v in_o court_n which_o be_v all_o that_o the_o judge_n can_v know_v the_o jury_n be_v of_o the_o neighbourhood_n may_v and_o ofttimes_o do_v know_v something_o of_o their_o own_o knowledge_n as_o to_o the_o matter_n itself_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o evidence_n etc._n etc._n which_o may_v just_o sway_v they_o in_o deliver_v their_o verdict_n and_o which_o self_n knowledge_n of_o they_o be_v so_o far_o countenance_v by_o law_n that_o it_o suppose_v they_o capable_a thereby_o to_o try_v the_o matter_n in_o issue_n and_o so_o they_o must_v though_o no_o evidence_n be_v give_v on_o either_o side_n in_o court._n as_o when_o any_o man_n be_v indict_v and_o no_o evidence_n come_v against_o he_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n always_o be_v you_o be_v to_o acquit_v he_o unless_o of_o your_o own_o knowledge_n you_o know_v he_o guilty_a so_o that_o even_o in_o that_o case_n they_o may_v find_v he_o guilty_a without_o any_o witness_n now_o how_o absurd_a be_v it_o to_o think_v that_o any_o judge_n have_v power_n to_o fine_a a_o jury_n for_o go_v against_o their_o evidence_n when_o he_o that_o so_o fine_v know_v perhaps_o nothing_o of_o their_o evidence_n at_o all_o as_o in_o the_o last_o case_n or_o at_o least_o but_o some_o part_n of_o it_o for_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a he_o shall_v lawful_o punish_v they_o for_o that_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o know_v last_o be_v any_o thing_n more_o common_a than_o for_o two_o lawyer_n or_o judge_n to_o deduce_v contrary_a and_o opposite_a conclusion_n out_o of_o the_o same_o case_n in_o law_n and_o why_o then_o may_v not_o two_o man_n infer_v distinct_a conclusion_n from_o the_o same_o testimony_n and_o consequent_o may_v not_o the_o judge_n and_o jury_n honest_o differ_v in_o their_o opinion_n or_o result_v from_o the_o evidence_n as_o well_o as_o two_o judge_n may_v which_o often_o happen_v and_o shall_v the_o juryman_n mere_o for_o this_o difference_n of_o apprehension_n merit_v fine_a and_o imprisonment_n because_o they_o do_v that_o which_o they_o can_v otherwise_o do_v preserve_v their_o oath_n and_o integrity_n especial_o when_o by_o law_n they_o be_v presume_v to_o know_v better_a and_o much_o more_o of_o the_o business_n than_o the_o judge_n do_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v not_o all_o these_o gross_a contradict_a absurdity_n and_o unworthy_a by_o any_o man_n that_o deserve_v a_o gown_n to_o be_v put_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o have_v ever_o own_a right_a reason_n for_o its_o parent_n and_o dutiful_o submit_v to_o be_v guide_v thereby_o jurym._n if_o the_o law_n as_o you_o say_v be_v reason_n then_o undoubted_o this_o practice_n of_o fine_v of_o juries_n be_v most_o illegal_a since_o there_o can_v be_v any_o thing_n more_o unreasonable_a but_o what_o authority_n have_v you_o against_o it_o barr._n you_o have_v hear_v it_o prove_v to_o be_v a_o modern_a upstart_a encroachment_n so_o you_o can_v expect_v any_o direct_a or_o express_v condemnation_n of_o it_o in_o ancient_a time_n because_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o then_o set_v on_o foot_n and_o by_o the_o way_n though_o negative_a argument_n be_v not_o necessary_o conclusive_a yet_o that_o we_o meet_v with_o no_o precedent_n of_o old_a of_o juries_n fine_v for_o give_v their_o verdict_n contrary_a to_o evidence_n or_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o court_n be_v a_o violent_a presumption_n that_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v do_v for_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v that_o this_o latter_a age_n do_v first_o of_o all_o discover_v that_o verdict_n be_v many_o time_n not_o according_a to_o the_o judge_n opinion_n and_o like_n undoubted_o they_o see_v that_o as_o well_o as_o we_o but_o know_v the_o same_o not_o to_o be_v any_o crime_n or_o punishable_a by_o law_n be_v so_o modest_a and_o honest_a as_o not_o to_o meddle_v with_o it_o however_o what_o entertainment_n it_o have_v meet_v with_o when_o attempt_v in_o our_o time_n i_o shall_v show_v you_o in_o two_o remarkable_a case_n 1._o when_o the_o late_a lord_n chief_a justice_n keeling_n have_v attempt_v something_o of_o that_o kind_n it_o be_v complain_v of_o and_o high_o resent_v by_o the_o then_o parliament_n as_o appear_v by_o this_o copy_n of_o their_o proceed_n thereupon_o take_v out_o of_o their_o journal_n as_o follow_v die_v mercurii_n 11._o decembris_fw-la 1667._o the_o house_n resume_v the_o hear_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o report_n touch_v the_o matter_n of_o restraint_n upon_o juries_n and_o that_o upon_o the_o examination_n of_o divers_a witness_n in_o several_a case_n of_o restraint_n put_v upon_o jury_n by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n keeling_n and_o thereupon_o resolve_v as_o follow_v first_o that_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n chief_a justice_n in_o the_o case_n now_o report_a be_v innovation_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o man_n for_o their_o life_n and_o liberty_n and_o that_o he_o have_v use_v a_o arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a power_n which_o be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n to_o the_o life_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n and_o tend_v to_o the_o introduce_v of_o a_o arbitrary_a government_n second_o that_o in_o the_o place_n of_o judicature_n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n have_v undervalue_v vilify_v &_o contemn_a magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o great_a preserver_n of_o our_o life_n freedom_n and_o property_n three_o that_o he_o be_v bring_v to_o trial_n in_o order_n to_o condign_a punishment_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o house_n shall_v judge_v most_o fit_a and_o requisite_a die_fw-la veneris_fw-la 13._o decembris_fw-la 1667._o resolve_v etc._n etc._n that_o the_o precedent_n and_o practice_n of_o fine_v or_o imprison_v of_o juror_n for_o give_v their_o verdict_n be_v illegal_a here_o you_o see_v it_o brand_v in_o parliament_n next_o you_o shall_v see_v it_o formal_o condemn_v on_o a_o solemn_a argument_n by_o the_o judge_n the_o case_n thus_o at_o the_o session_n for_o london_n sept._n 1670._o william_n pen_n jury_n the_o sum_n of_o the_o case_n of_o bishel_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o mr._n pen_n and_o mr._n meads_n jury_n and_o william_n mead_n two_o of_o the_o people_n common_o call_v quaker_n be_v indict_v for_o that_o they_o with_o other_o to_o the_o number_n of_o 300_o on_o the_o 14_o aug._n 22._o regis_fw-la in_o gray-church-street_n do_v with_o force_n and_o arm_n etc._n etc._n unlawful_o and_o tumultuous_o assemble_v and_o congregate_v themselves_o together_o to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o that_o the_o say_v william_n pen_n do_v there_o preach_v and_o speak_v to_o the_o say_a mead_n and_o other_o person_n in_o the_o open_a street_n by_o reason_n whereof_o a_o great_a concourse_n and_o tumult_n of_o people_n in_o the_o street_n aforesaid_a then_o and_o there_o a_o long_a time_n do_v remain_v and_o continue_v in_o contempt_n of_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o of_o his_o law_n to_o the_o great_a disturbance_n of_o his_o peace_n to_o the_o great_a terror_n and_o disturbance_n of_o many_o of_o his_o liege_n people_n and_o subject_n to_o the_o ill_a example_n of_o all_o other_o in_o the_o like_a case_n offender_n and_o against_o the_o peace_n of_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n the_o prisoner_n plead_v not_o guilty_a it_o be_v prove_v that_o there_o be_v a_o metting_n at_o the_o time_n in_o the_o indictment_n mention_v in_o gray-church-street_n consist_v of_o three_o or_o four_o hundred_o people_n in_o the_o open_a street_n that_o william_n pen_n be_v