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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A36946	Arcana aulica, or, Walsingham's manual of prudential maxims for the states-man and courtier : to which is added Fragmenta regalia, or, Observations on Queen Elizabeth, her times and favorites / by Sir Robert Naunton.; Traicté de la cour. English. 1694	Refuge, Eustache de, d. 1617.; Walsingham, Edward, d. 1663.; Walsingham, Francis, Sir, 1530?-1590.; Naunton, Robert, Sir, 1563-1635. Fragmenta regalia, or, Observations on Queen Elizabeth.	1694 (1694)	Wing D2686; ESTC R33418	106,428	275

Die. Death is a meer Surprize a very Snare To him that makes it his Life's Greatest care To be a Publick Pageant Known to All But unacquainted with Himself doth fall Persons Characterized OBservations on Queen Elizabeth and Her Times Page 159 On Leicester p. 179 On Sussex p. 184 On Lord Burleigh p. 186 On Sir Philip Sidney p. 192 On Sir Francis Walsingham p. 194 On Willoughby p. 197 On Sir Nic. Bacon p. 198 On Lord Norris p. 200 On Knowls p. 201 On Sir John Perrot p. 203 On Hatton p. 209 On Lord Effingham p. 210 On Sir John Packington p. 213 On Lord Hunsden p. 214 On Sir Walter Raleigh p. 215 On Grevil p. 220 On Essex p. 221 On Buckhurst p. 228 On Mountjoy p. 231 On Cecil p. 236 On Vere p. 242 On Worcester p. 244 Fragmenta Regalia OR OBSERVATIONS On the Late QUEEN ELIZABETH Her Times and Favourites WRITTEN By Sir Robert Naunton Master of the Court of Wards LONDON Printed for Matthew Gilliflower at the Spread-Eagle in Westminster-Hall M DC XCIV Fragmenta Regalia OR OBSERVATIONS On the Late Queen ELIZABETH Her Times and Favourites TO take Her in the Original She was Daughter to Henry the Eighth by Anne Bullen the second of six Wives which He had and one of the Maids of Honour to the Divorced Queen Katharine of Austria or as they stile it Infanta of Spain and from thence taken into the Royal Bed That She was 〈◊〉 of a most Noble and Royal Extract by Her Father will not fall into question for on that side there was Disimbogued into her veins by a confluence of Bloud the very Abstract of all the greatest Houses in Christendom and remarkable it is concerning that violent desertion of the Royal House of the Britains by the invasion of the Saxons and afterwards by the Conquest of the Normans that by the vicissitude of times and through a discontinuance almost a thousand years the Royal Scepter should fall back into the Current of the old British bloud in the person of her Renowned Grandfather Henry the Seventh together with whatsoever the German Norman Burgundian Castalian and Erench Atchievements with the Intermarriaages which Eight hundred years had acquired incorporated and brought back into the old Royal Line By her Mother She was of no Soveraign descent yet Noble and very Ancient in the Name and Family of Bullen though some Erroneously brand it with a Citizens rise or original which was yet but of a second Brother who as it were Divining the Greatness and Lustre to come to his House was sent into the City to acquire wealth ad aedificandum antiquam domum Unto whose atchievements for he was Lord Mayor of London fell in as it was averred both the bloud and inheritance of the eldest Brother for want of issue Male by which Accumulation the House within a few descents mounted in Culmen honoris and was suddenly Elated into the best Families of England and Ireland as Howard Ormund Sackvile and divers others Having thus Toucht and now leaving her Stirp I come to her Person and as she came to the Crown by the decease of her Brother and Sister Under Edward She was His and one of the Darlings of Fortune for besides the consideration of Bloud there was between these two Princes a Concurrency and Symphathy in their Natures and Affections together with the Celestial bond conformity in Religion which made them One and Friends for the King ever called her his Sweetest and Dearest Sister and was scarce his own man She being absent which was not so between him and the Lady Mary Under his Sister She found her condition much altered For it was resolved and her Destiny had Decreed to set her an Apprentice in the School of Affliction and to draw her through the Ordeal fire of tryal the better to Mould and Fashion her to Rule and Sovereignity which finished and Fortune calling to mind that the time of her servitude was expired gave up her Indentures and therewith delivered up into her custody a Scepter as a reward for her Patience which was about the twenty sixth year of her Age a time in which as for Externals she was full Blown so was she for her Internals grown Ripe and seasoned with Adversity and in the Exercise of her Vertue for it seems Fortune meant no more than to shew her a piece of her variety and Changeableness of her Nature and so to conduct her to her destined Felicity She was of Personage Tall of Hair and Complexion Fair and therewith well favoured but high nosed of limbs and feature neat and which added to the Lustre of those Exteriour Graces of Stately and Majestick Comportment participating in this more of her Father than Mother who was of an inferiour Allay Plausible or as the French hath it more debonaire and Affable vertues which might well suit with Majesty and which descending as Hereditary to the Daughter did render her of a more sweet Temper and Endeared her more to the love and liking of the people who gave her the name and fame of a most Gracious and Popular Princess the atrocity of her Father's nature being Rebated in hers by the Mother's sweeter Inclinations For to take and that no more than the Character out of his own mouth He never spared man in his anger nor woman in his lust If we search further into her Intellectuals and abilities the whole course of Government decyphers them to the Admiration of posterity for it was full of Magnanimity tempered with Justice and Piety and to speak truly noted but with one act or taint all her deprivations either of life or liberty being legal and necessitated She was learned her sex and the time considered beyond Common belief for letters about this time and somewhat before began to be of Esteem and in fashion the former ages being overcast with the Mists and Fogs of the Roman ignorance and it was the maxim that over-ruled the foregoing times That ignorance was the mother of devotion Her wars were a long time more in the Auxiliary part in Assistance of foreign Princes and States than by Invasion of any till common policie Advised it for a safer way to strike first abroad than at home to Expect the ware in all which she was happy victorious The Change and Alteration of Religion upon the Instant of her Accession the smoak and fire of her Sister's Matyrdomes scarcely quenched was none of her least remarkable Accounts But the support and establishment thereof with the means of her subsistence amidst so Powerfull Enemies abroad and those many Domestique Practices were methinks works of Inspiration and of no humane providence which on her Sister's departure she most religiously acknowledged ascribing the glory of her deliverance to God alone for she received the news both of the Queens death and her Proclamation by the general Consent of the House and the Publick suffrage of the people whereat falling on her knees after a good time of

new Farmers So that we may take this also into observation that there were of the Queen's Council that were not in the Catalogue of Saints Now as we have taken a view of some particular Notions of her Times her Nature and Necessities It is not beside the text to give a short Touch on the Helps and Advantages of her Reign which were without Parallel for she had neither Husband Brother Sister nor Children to Provide for who as they are Dependants of the Crown so doe they Necessarily draw maintenance from thence and do oftentimes Exhaust and Draw deep especially when there is an ample fraternity of the bloud Royal and of the Princes of the Bloud as it was in the time of Edward the third and Henry the fourth for when the Crown cannot the Publick ought to give them Honourable Allowance for they are the Honour and Hopes of the Kingdom and the Publick which enjoys them hath a like interest in them with the Father that begot them and our Common-Law which is the Inheritance of the Kingdom did ever of old provide aids for the Primogenitures and the eldest Daughter So that the multiplicy of Courts and the Great Charge which necessarily follow a King and Queen a Prince and the Royal Issue was a thing which was not in rerum natura during the space of forty years and which by time was worn out of memory and without the consideration of the present times Insomuch that the aids given to the late and right noble Prince Henry and to his Sister the Lady Elizabeth were at first generally received for impositions of a new Coynage Yea the late impositions for Knighthood though an ancient Law fell also into the imputation of a Tax of novelty for that it lay long covered in the embers of division between the Houses of York and Lancaster and forgotten or connived at by the succeeding Princes So that the strangeness of the observation and difference of those later reigns is that the Queen took up beyond the power of the Law which fell not into the murmur of the people and her successors nothing but by warrant of the Law which nevertheless was conceived through disuse to be Injurious to the Liberty of the Kingdom Now before I come to any further mention of her Favourites for hitherto I have delivered but some Obvious Passages thereby to prepare and smooth a way for the rest that follows it is requisite that I Touch on the Relicks of the other Reign I mean the Body of her Sisters Council of State which she Retained intire neither Removing nor Discontenting any although she knew them averse to her Religion and in her Sisters time Perverse towards her Person and privy to her Troubles and Imprisonment A prudence which was incomparible with her Sisters nature for she both dissipated and Persecuted the major part of her Brother's Council But this will be of certainty that how Compliable soever and Obsequious she found them yet for a good space she made little use of their Counsels more than in the Ordinary course of the Board for she held a Dormant Table in her own Princely Breast yet she kept them together and their Places without any sudden Change so that we may say of them That they were of the Court not of the Council For whilest she Amused them with a kind of Promissive Disputation concerning the Points Controverted by both Churches she did set down her own Reservations without their Privity and made all her Progressions Gradations But so that the Tenents of her secrecy with intent of her establishment were Pitcht before it was known where the Court would sit down Neither do I find that any of her Sisters Council of State were either Repugnant to her Religion or Opposed her doings Englefield Master of the Horse excepted who withdrew himself from the Board and shortly after from out her Dominions so Plyable and Obedient they were to Change with the Times and their Princes And of this there will fall in here a Relation both of Recreation and of known Truth Paulet Marquess of Winchester and Lord Treasurer having served then four Princes in as Various and Changeable seasons that I may well say time nor any age hath yielded the like precedent This Man being noted to grow High in her Favour as his Place and Experience required was questioned by an Intimate friend of his how he stood up for Thirty years together amidst the Changes and Reigns of so many Chancellors and Great Personages Why quoth the Marquess Ortus sum ex salice non ex quercu I was made of the plyable Willow not of the stubborn Oak And truly the Old Man hath Taught them all especially William Earl of Pembroke for they two were ever of the King's Religion and over-zealous professors Of these it is said that being both younger Brothers yet of Noble Houses they spent what was left them and came on trust to the Court where upon the bare stock of their Wits they began to Traffick for themselves and prospered so well that they Got Spent and Left more than any Subjects from the Norman Conquest to their own Times whereunto it hath been prettily replyed that they lived in a Time of Dissolution To conclude then of any of the former reign it is said that these two lived and dyed chiefly in her favour The latter upon his son's marriage with the Lady Katharine Grey was like utterly to have lost himself But at the Instant of the consummation Apprehending the insafety and danger of an inter-marriage with the Bloud-Royal he fell at the Queen's feet where he both Acknowledged his Presumption with tears and projected the Cause and the Divorce together and so quick he was at his work for it stood him upon that upon Repudiation of the Lady he clapt up a marriage for his Son the Lord Herbert with Mary Sidney daughter to Sir Henry Sidney then Lord Deputy of Ireland the blow falling on Edward late Earl of Hereford who to his cost took up the Divorced Lady of whom the Lord Beauchamp was born and William Earl of Hereford is descended I come now to present Those of her own Election which she either admitted to her secrets of State or took into her Grace and Favour of whom in their order I crave leave to give unto posterity a cautious description with a short Character or Draught of the persons themselves For without offence to others I would be true to my self their memories and merits distinguishing them of the Militia from the Togati and of these she had as many and those as able Ministers as any of her Progenitors Leicester IT will be out of doubt that my Lord of Leicester was one of the first whom she made Master of the Horse he was the youngest Son then living of the Duke of Northumberland beheaded primo Mariae and his Father was that Dudley which our Histories couple with Epson and both so much Infamed for the Caterpillars of

my Lord of Leicester and Burleigh out of France containing many fine passages and secrets yet if I might have been beholding to his Cyphers whereof they are full they would have told Pretty Tales of the times But I must now close up and rank him amongst the Togati yet chief of those that laid the foundation of the Dutch and French Wars which was another piece of his fineness and of the times with one observation more That he was one of the Great Allies of the Austrian Embracements For both himself and Stafford that preceded him might well have been compared to the Fiend in the Gospel that sowed his tares in the night so did they their seeds of division in the dark And it is a likely report that they father on him at his return That he said unto the Queen with some sensibility of the Spanish designs on France Madam 〈◊〉 beseech you be content not to fear The Spaniard hath a great Appetite and an Excellent Digestion but I have fitted him with a bone for this Twenty years that your Majesty shall have no cause to doubt him provided that if the fire chance to slack which I have kindled you will be ruled by me and now and then cast in some English fewel which will revive the flame Willoughby MY Lord Willoughby was one of the Queen's first Sword-men He was of the Ancient Extract of the Bartues but more ennobled by his Mother who was Dutchess of Suffolk He was a great Master of the Art Military and was sent General into France and commanded the Second of Five Armies that the Queen sent thither in aid of the French I have heard it spoken that had he not slighted the Court but Applyed himself to the Queen he might have enjoyed a plentiful portion of her Grace And it was his saying and it did him no good That he was none of the Reptilia intimating that he could not creep on the ground and that the Court was not in his Element for indeed as he was a Great Souldier so was he of a Suitable Magnanimity and could not brook the Obsequiousness and Assiduity of the Court and as he then was somewhat descending from youth happily he had an animam revertendi and to make a safe Retreat Sir Nicholas Bacon I Come to another of the Togati Sir Nicholas Bacon An arch-piece of Wit and Wisdom He was a Gentleman and a man of Law and of great knowledge therein whereby together with his other parts of Learning and Dexterity he was promoted to be Keeper of the Great Seal and being of kin to the Treasurer Burleigh had also the help of his hand to bring him into the Queen's favour for he was abundantly factious which took much with the Queen when it was suited with the season as he was well able to judge of his times He had a very quaint saying and he used it often to good purpose That he loved the jest well but not the loss of his Friend He would say That though he knew Vnusquisque suae fortunae faber was a true and good principle yet the most in number were those that marred themselves But I will never forgive that man that loseth himself to be rid of his jest He was Father to that Refined Wit which since hath acted a disastrous part on the publick stage and of late sat in his Father's room as Lord Chancellour Those that lived in his age and from whence I have taken this little Model of him gives him a lively Character and they decypher him for another Solon and the Synon of those times such a one as Oedipus was in dissolving of Riddles Doubtless he was as able an Instrument and it was his commendation that his head was the Mawl for it was a great one and therein he kept the Wedge that entred the knotty pieces that came to the Table And now I must again fall back to smooth and plain a way to the rest that is behind but not from the purpose There were about these times two Rivals in the Queen's favour Old Sir Francis Knowls Comptroller of the House and Sir Henry Norris whom she called up at a Parliament to sit with the Peers in the higher House as Lord Norris of Ricot who had married the daughter and heir of the old Lord Williams of Tame a Noble person and to whom in the Queen's adversity she had been committed to safe custody and from him had received more than ordinary observances Now such was the goodness of the Queen's Nature that she neither forgot good turns received from the Lord Williams neither was she unmindfull of this Lord Norris whose Father in her Father's time and in the business of her Mother died in a Noble cause and in the justification of her innocency Lord Norris MY Lord Norris had by this Lady an ample Issue which the Queen highly respected for he had Six Sons and all Martial brave men The first was William his eldest and Father to the late Earl of Berkshire Sir John vulgarly called General Norris Sir Edward Sir Thomas Sir Henry and Maximilian Men of an haughty courage and of great experience in the conduct of Military affairs And to speak in the Character of their merit they were persons of such renown and worth as future times must out of duty owe them the debt of an honourable memory Knowls SIr Francis Knowls was somewhat of the Queen's affinity and had likwise no incompetent Issue for he had also William his eldest and since Earl of Banbury Sir Thomas Sir Robert and Sir Francis if I be not a little mistaken in their names and martialling and there was also the Lady Lettice a Sister of these who was first Countess of Essex and after of Leicester And these were also brave men in their times and places but they were of the Court and Carpet not led by the genius of the Camp Between these two Families there was as it falleth out amongst Great ones and Competitors for favour no great correspondency and there were some seeds either of emulation or distrust cast between them which had they not been disjoyned in the residence of their persons as it was the fortune of their imployments the one side attending the Court the other the Pavilion surely they would have broken out into some kind of hostility or at least they would have wrestled one in the other like Trees incircled with Ivy For there was a time when both these Fraternities being met at Court there passed a challenge between them at certain exercises the Queen and the old men being spectators which ended in a flat quarrel amongst them all And I am perswaded though I ought not to judge that there were some reliques of this feud that were long after the causes of the one Families almost utter extirpation and of the others improsperity For it was a known truth that so long as my Lord of Leicester lived who was the main pillar of the one side as

having married the Sister none of the other side took any deep rooting in the Court though otherwise they made their ways to Honour by their swords And that which is of more note considering my Lord of Leicester's use of Men of Arms being shortly after sent Governour to the Revolted States and no Souldier himself is that he made no more accompt of Sir John Norris a Soldier then deservedly famoused and trained from a Page under the discipline of the great Captain of Christendom the Admiral Castilion and of Command in the French and Dutch wars almost twenty years It is of further observation that my Lord of Essex after Leicester's decease though initiated to Arms and houred by the General in the Portugal expedition whether out of instigation as it hath been thought or out of ambition and jealousie to be eclipsed and over-shadowed by the fame and splendour of this great Commander loved him not in sincerity Moreover certain it is he not onely crusht and upon all occasions quell'd the growth of this brave man and his famous Brethren but therewith drew on his own fatal end by undertaking the Irish Action in a time when he left the Court empty of friends and f●ll fraught with his profess'd enemies But I forbear to extend my self in any further relation upon this subject as having left some notes of truth in these two Noble Families which I would present and therewith toucht somewhat which I would not if the equity of the Narration would have admitted an intermission Sir John Perrot SIr John Perrot was a goodly Gentleman and of the Sword And as he was of a very ancient descent as an heir to many abstracts of Gentry especially from Guy de Bryan of Lawhern so was he of a vast Estate and came not to the Court for want And to these adjuncts he had the endowments of courage and height of spirit had it lighted on the allay of temper and discretion the defect whereof with a native freedom and boldness of speech drew him on to a clouded setting and laid him open to the spleen and advantage of his enemies amongst whom Sir Christopher Hatton was profest He was yet a wise man and a brave Courtier but rough and participating more of active than sedentary motions as being in his constellation destinated for Arms. There is a quaere of some denotations how he came to receive his foyl and that in the Catastrophe for he was strengthened with honourable Alliances and the privy friendships of the Court My Lord of Leicester and Burleigh both his Contemporaries and Familiars but that there might be as the Adage hath it falsity in friendship and we may rest fatisfied that there is no disputing against fate They quote him for a person that loved to stand too much alone and on his own legs of too often recesses and discontinuance from the Queen's presence A fault which is incompatible with the ways of Court and favour He was sent Lord Deputy into Ireland as it was thought for a kind of haughtiness of spirit and repugnancy in Councels or as others have thought the fittest Person then to bridle the insolency of the Irish And probable it is that both these considering the sway that he would have at the Board and head in the Queen's favour concurred and did a little conspire his remove and his ruine But into Ireland he went where he did the Queen very great and many services if the surplussage of the measure did not abate the value of the merit as aftertimes found that to be no paradox For to save the Queen's purse which both her self and my Lord Treasurer Burleigh ever took for good services he imposed on the Irish the charge of bearing their own arms which both gave them the possession and taught them the use of weapons which proved in the end a most fatal work both in the profusion of blood and treasure But at his return and on some account sent home before touching the state of the Kingdom the assiduous testimonies of her grace were towards him till by his retreat to his Castle at Cary where he was then building and out of desire to be in command at home as he had been abroad together with the hatred and practice of Hatton then in high favour whom not long before he had too bitterly taunted for his Dancing He was accused of High Treason and for high Words and a forged Letter Condemned though the Queen on the News of his Condemnation Swore by her wonted Oath That they were all Knaves And they deliver with assurance That on his return to the Tower after his Trial he said in Oaths and in Fury to the Lieutenant Sir Owen Hopton What will the Queen suffer her Brother to be offered up as a Sacrifice to the Envy of my Frisking Adversaries Which being made known to the Queen and the Warrant for his Execution tendered and somewhat enforced she refused to Sign it and Swore he should not die for he was an honest a faithful Man And surely though not altogether to set up our rest and faith upon Tradition and upon old Reports as that Sir Thomas Perrot his Father was a Gentleman of the Privy-Chamber to Henry the Eighth and in the Court married a Lady of Great Honour of the King's Familiarity which are presumptions of some implication But if we go a little further and compare his Picture his Qualities Gesture and Voice with that of the King 's which memory retains yet amongst us they will plead strongly that he was a Subreptitious Child of the Blood Royal. Certain it is that he lived not long in the Tower and that after his decease Sir Thomas Perrot his Son then of no mean esteem with the Queen having before married my Lord of Essex's Sister since Countess of Northumberland had restitution of all his Lands though after his decease also which immediately followed the Crown resumed his Estate and took the advantage of the former Attainder And to say the truth the Priest's Forged Letter was at his Arraignment thought but a Fiction of Envy and was soon after exploded by the Priest's own confession But that which most exasperated the Queen and gave advantage to his Enemies was as Sir Walter Raleigh takes into his observation words of disdain For the Queen by sharp and reprehensive Letters had netled him and shortly after sending others of approbation commending his Service and intimating an Invasion from Spain which he no sooner perused but he said publickly in the Great Chamber at Dublin Lo now she is ready to Piss her self for fear of the Spaniard I am again one of her White-boys Words which are subject to a various construction and tended to some disreputation of his Soveraign and such as may serve for instruction to persons in place of honor and command to beware of the violences of nature but especially of the exorbitances of the tongue And so I conclude him with this double observation The one

my Lord of Leicester who had married his Mother a tie of affinity which besides a more urgent obligation might have invited his care to advance him his Fortune being then and through his Fathers infelicity grown low But that the son of a Lord Ferrers of Chartley Viscount Hartford and Earl of Essex who was of the ancient Nobility and formerly in the Queen 's good grace could not have room in her favour without the assistance of Leicester was beyond the rule of her nature which as I have elsewhere taken into observation was ever inclinable to favour the Nobility Sure it is That he no sooner appeared in Court but he took with the Queen and Courtiers and I believe they all could not choose but look through the Sacrifice of the Father on his living Son whose image by the remembrance of former passages was afresh like the bleeding of men murdered represented to the Court and offered up as a subject of compassion to all the Kingdom There was in this young Lord together with a most goodly Person a kind of urbanity or innate courtesie which both won the Queen and too much took upon the people to gaze upon the new adopted Son of her favour And as I go along it were not amiss to take into observation two notable quotations The first was a violent indulgency of the Queen which is incident to old age where it encounters with a pleasing and suitable object towards this Lord all which argued a non-perpetuity The second was a fault in the Object of her grace my Lord himself who drew in too fast like a child sucking an over uberous Nurse and had there been a more decent decorum observed in both or either of those without doubt the unity of their affections had been more permanent and not so in and out as they were like an Instrument ill tuned and lapsing to discord The greater errour of the two though unwillingly I am constrained to impose on my Lord of Essex or rather on his youth and none of the least of his blame on those that stood Sentinels about him who might have advised him better but that like men intoxicated with hopes they likewise had suckt in with the most and of their Lords receipt and so like Caesar's would have all or none A rule quite contrary to nature and the most indulgent Parents who though they may express more affection to one in the abundance of bequests yet cannot forget some Legacies just distributives and divide●ds to others of their begetting And how hateful partiality proves every days experience tells us out of which common consideration might have framed to their hands a maxim of more discretion for the conduct and management of their now graced Lord and Master But to omit that of Infusion and to doe right to truth My Lord of Essex even of those that truly loved and honoured him was noted for too bold an Ingrosser both of fame and favour And of this without offence to the living or treading on the Sacred Urne of the Dead I shall present a Truth and a passage yet in memory My Lord Mounjoy who was another Child of her favour being newly come to Court and then but Sir Charles Blunt for my Lord William his elder brother was then living had the good fortune one day to run very well a Tilt and the Queen therewith was so well pleased that she sent him in Token of her Favour a Queen at Chesse of Gold Richly Enamelled which his Servants had the next day fastned on his Arme with a Crimson Ribband which my Lord of Essex as he passed through the Privy Chamber espying with his Cloak cast under his Arme the better to commend it to the view enquired what it was and for what cause there fixed Sir Foulk Grevil told him That it was the Queen's Favour which the day before and after the Tilting she had sent him whereat my Lord of Essex in a kind of Emulation and as though he would have limitted her Favour said Now I perceive every Fool must have a Favour This bitter and Publick Affront came to Sir Charles Blunt's eare who sent him a Challenge which was accepted by my Lord and they met near Mary-bone-Park where my Lord was hurt in the Thigh and Disarmed the Queen missing the Men was very curious to learn the truth and when at last it was whispered out she Swore by God's Death it was fit that some one or other should take him down and teach him better Manners otherwise there would be no rule with him And here I note the inition of my Lord's Friendship with Mountjoy which the Queen her self did conjure Now for fame we need not goe far for my Lord of Essex having born a grudge to General Norris who had unwittingly offered to unpertake the Action of Britain with fewer men than my Lord had before demaned on his return with Victory and a glorious report of his valour he was then thought the onely man for the Irish War wherein my Lord of Essex so wrought by despising the number and quality of Rebels that Norris was sent over with a scanted force joyned with the relicks of the veterance Troops of Britain of set purpose as it fell out to ruine Norris and the Lord Burrowes by my Lord's procurement sent at his heels and to command in chief and to confine Norris only to his Goverment at Munster which brake the great heart of the General to see himself undervalued and underminded by my Lord and Burrowes which was as the Proverb speaks it Imberbes docere senes My Lord Burrowes in the beginning of his prosecution died whereupon the Queen was fully bent to have sent over Mountjoy which my Lord of Essex utterly disliked and opposed with many reasons and by arguments of contempt against Mountjoy his then professed friend and familiar so predominant were his words to reap the honour of closing up that War and all other Now the way being opened and plained by his own workmanship and so handled that none durst appear to stand for the place at last with much adoe he obtained his own ends and with all his fatal destruction leaving the Queen and the Court where he stood firm and impregnable in her grace to men that long had sought and watcht their times to give him the trip and could never find any opportunity but this of his absence and of his own Creation And these are the true observations of his appetite and inclinations which were not of any true proportion but carried and transported with an over-desire and thirstiness after fame and that deceitfull fame of popularity And to help on his Catastrophe I observe likewise two sorts of people that had a hand in his fall the first was the Souldiery which all flockt unto him as foretelling a mortality and are commonly of blunt and too rough Counsels and many times dissonant from the time of the Court and the State The other sort were of his

honoured through many Descents by the Title of Viscounts Fitzwalters Moreover there was such an Antipathy in his nature to that of Leicester's that being together in Court and Both in high Imployments they grew to a direct Frowardness and were in continual Opposition the one setting the Watch the other the Sentinel Each on the Others Actions and Motions for my Lord of Sussex was of a great spirit which Backt with the queen's special favour and Supported by a Great and Ancient Inheritance could not brook the others Empire Insomuch as the Queen upon sundry occasions had somewhat to do to Appease them until death parted the competition and left the place to Leicester who was not long alone without his Rival in Grace and Command And to conclude this Favourite it is Confidently Affirmed that lying in his last sickness he gave this Caveat to his Friends I am now passing into another World and I must now leave you to your Fortunes and to the Queen's Grace and Goodness but beware of the Gipsie meaning Leicester for he will be too Hard for you all you know not the Beast so well as I do Lord Burleigh I Now come to the next which was Secretary William Cecil For on the death of the old Marquess of Winchester he came up in his room A Person of a most Subtile and Active spirit who though he stood not altogether by the way of Constellation and making up of a Party and Faction for he was wholly attentive to the service of his Mistriss and his Dexterity Experience and Merit Challenged a room in the Queen's favour which Eclipsed the others over-seeming Greatness and made it appear that there were others that Steered and Stood at the Helm besides Himself and more Stars in the Firmament of her Grace than Vrsa major or the Bear with the Ragged Staff He was born as they say in Lincolnshire but as some upon knowledge Averr of a younger Brother of the Cecils of Hartfordshire a Family of mine own knowledge though now private yet of no mean Antiquity Who being exposed and sent to the City as poor Gentlemen use to do their younger Sons he came to be a Rich man on London bridge and purchasing in Lincolnshire where this man was born he was sent to Cambridge then to the Inns of Court and so he came to serve the Duke of Somerset in the time of his Protectorship as Secretary and having a Pregnancy to Great Inclinations he came by degrees to a higher Conversation with the Chiefest Affairs of State and Councels but on the fall of the Duke he stood some years in umbrage and without Imployment till the State found and needed his Abilities and though we find not that he was taken into any place during Mary's Reign unless as some have said towards the last yet the Council on several occasions made use of him and at the Queen's entrance he was Admitted Secretary of State afterwards he was made Master of the Court of Wards then Lord Treasurer A person of most exquisite Abilities And indeed the Queen began then to need and to seek out for Men of both Garbs and so I conclude and rank this great Instrument of State amongst the Togati for he had not to do with the Sword more than as the great Pay-master and Contriver of War which shortly followed wherein he Accomplished much through his Theorical knowledge at home and Intelligence abroad by unlocking the Councels of the Queens Enemies We must now take and that of truth into observation That until the 10th of her Reign her Times were Calm and Serene though sometimes a little over-cast as the most Glorious Sun-risings are subject to shadowings and droppings For the Clouds of Spain and Vapours of the Holy League began then to Disperse and Threaten her Serenity Moreover she was then to provide against some Intestine Storms which began to gather in the very heart of her Kingdom all which had a Relation and Correspondency each with other to Dethrone her and to Disturb the publick Tranquility and therewithal as a principal work the Established Religion for the name of Recusant began then and first to be known to the World and till then the Catholicks were no more than Church-Papists but were commanded by the Pope's Express Letters to Appear and Forbear Church-going as they tender their Holy Father and the Holy Catholick Church their Mother so that it seems the Pope had then his Times to take a true Muster of his Children but the Queen had the greater Advantage for she likewise took Tale of her Apostate Subjects their Strength and how many they were that had given up their Names unto Baal He then by the Hands of some of his Proselytes fixed his Bulls on the Gates of Paul's which Discharged her Subjects of all fidelity and laid siege to the received Faith and so under the veil of the next Successor to Replant the Catholick Religion so that the Queen had then a new Task and Work in hand that might well awake her best Providence and required a Mester of Men and Arms as well as Courtships and Councels for the Times began to be Quick and Active and fitter for stronger Motions than those of the Carpet and it will be a true note of her Magnanimity that she loved a Souldier and had a Propension in her nature to Regard and always to Grace them which the Courtiers taking into observation took it as an invitation to win Honour together with her Majesties Favour by exposing themselves to the Wars especially when the Queens and the Affairs of the Kingdom stood in some Necessity of a Souldier For we have many instances of the Sallies of the Nobility and Gentry yea and out of the Court and her Privy Favourites that had any touch or tincture of Mars in their inclinations and to steal away without License and the Queen's privity which had like to have cost some of them dear so predominant were their Thoughts and Hopes of Honour growing in them as we may truly observe in the dispositions of Sir Philip Sidney my Lord of Essex Mountjoy and divers others whose Absence and the Manner of their Eruptions was very Distastful to her whereof I can here add a True and no Impertinent Story and that of the last Mountjoy who having twice or thrice stoln away into Britain where under Sir John Norris he had then a Company without the Queen's leave and privity she sent a Messenger unto him with a strict charge to the General to see him sent home when he came into the Queen's Presence she fell into a kind of Reviling Demanding how he durst go over without her leave Serve me so quoth she once more and I will lay you Fast enough for Running You will never leave it until you are knockt on the head as that inconsiderate Fellow Sidney was You shall Go when I send you in the mean Time see that you lodge in the Court which was then at White-Hall

family his servants and his own creatures such as were bound by the rules of safety and obligations of fidelity to have looked better to the steering of that Boat wherein they themselves were carried and not have suffered it to float and run on ground with those empty Sails of Fame and Tumour of popular applause Me thinks one honest man or other that had but the office of brushing his clothes might have whispered in his ear My Lord look to it this multitude that follows you will either devour you or undoe you strive not to rule and over rule all for it will cost hot water and it will procure envy and if needs your Genius must have it so let the Court and the Queens presence be your station But as I have said they had suckt too much of their Lord's milk and instead of withdrawing they blew the coals of his ambition and infused into him too much of the spirit of glory yea and mixed the goodness of his nature with a touch of revenge which is ever accompanied with a destiny of the same fate And of this number there were some insufferable Natures about him that towards his last gave desperate advice such as his integrity abhorred and his fidelity forbade Amongst whom Sir Henry Wotton notes without injury his Secretary Cuffe a vile man and of a perverse nature I could also name others that when he was in the right course of recovery and setling to moderation would not suffer a recess in him but stirred up the dregs of those rude humours which by time and his affliction out of his own judgment he sought to repose or to give them all a vomit And thus I conclude this Noble Lord as a mixture between prosperity and adversity once the Child of his great Mistresses favour but the Son of Bellona Buckhurst MY Lord of Buckhurst was of the Noble House of the Sackvils and of the Queens consanguinity his Father was Sir Richard Sackvil or as the people then called him Fill sack by reason of his gaeat wealth and the vast patrimony which he left to his Son whereof he spent in his youth the best part untill the Queen by her frequent admonitions diverted the torrent of his profusion He was a very fine Gentleman of person and endowments both of art and nature but without measure magnificent till on the turn of his humour and the allay that his years and good counsels had wrought upon those immoderate courses of his youth and that height of spirit inherent to his House And then did the Queen as a most judicious and indulgent Prince when she saw the man grow stayed and setled give him her assistance and advanced him to the Treasurship where he made amends to his House for his mis-spent time both in the increasement of Estate and Honour which the Queen conferred on him together with the opportunity to remake himself and thereby to shew that this was a Child that should have a share in her grace and a taste of her bounty They much commend his Elocution but more the excellency of his Pen for he was a Schollar and a person of a quick dispatch Faculties that yet run in the bloud And they say of him that his Secretaries did little for him by the way of Inditement wherein they could seldom please him he was so facete and choice in his Phrase and Stile And for his Dispatches and the content he gave to Suiters he had a Decorum seldom since put in practise for he had of his Attendants that took into Roll the names of all Suiters which the Date of their first Addresses and these in their Order had hearing so that a fresh man could not leap over his head that was of a more ancient edition except in the urgent affairs of State I find not that he was any ways inshared in the factions of the Court which were all his times strong and in every mans note The Howards and the Cecils on the one part My Lord of Essex c. on the other part For he held the staff of the Treasury fast in his hand which once in the year made them all beholding to him And the truth is as he was a wise man and a stout he had no reason to be a partaker for he stood sure in bloud and in grace and was wholly intentive to the Queens service and such were his abilities that she received assiduous proofs of his sufficiency and it hath been thought that she might have had more cunning instruments but none of a more strong judgment and confidence in his ways which are symptoms of magnanimity and fidelity whereunto me thinks this Motto hath some kind of reference Aut nunquam tentes aut perfice As though he would have charactered in a word the Genius of his House or exprest somewhat of an higher inclination than lay within his compass That he was a Courtier is apparent for he stood always in her eye and favour Lord Mountjoy MY Lord Mountjoy was of the ancient Nobility but utterly deceived in the support thereof Patrimony through his Grandfather's excess in the Action of Bullen his Father's vanity in the search of the Philosophers stone and his Brother 's untimely prodigalities all which seemed by a joynt conspiracy to ruine the House and altogether to annihilate it As he came from Oxford he took the Inner-Temple in his way to Court whither he no sooner came but without asking he had a pretty strange kind of admission which I have heard from a discreet man of his own and much more of the secrets of those times He was then much about twenty years of age of a brown hair a sweet face a most neat Composure and tall in his person The Queen was then at White-Hall and at dinner whither he came to see the fashion of the Court the Queen had soon found him out and with a kind of an affected frown asked the Lady-Carver What he was she answered She knew him not Insomuch as enquiry was made from one to another who he might be till at length it was told the Queen he was Brother to the Lord William Mountjoy This inquisition with the eye of Majesty fixed upon him as she was wont to doe and to daunt men she knew not stirred the bloud of this young Gentleman insomuch as his colour came and went which the Queen observing called him unto her and gave him her hand to kiss encouraging him with gravious words and new looks and so diverting her speech to the Lords and Ladies she said That she no sooner observed him but that she knew there was in him some Noble bloud with some other expressions of pitty towards his house And then again demanding his name she said Fail you not to come to the Court and I will bethink my self how to doe you good And this was his inlet and the beginnings of his grace Where it falls into consideration That though he wanted not Wit and Courage for