Commons is a little above 500 persons whereof commonly near 200 are absent upon business or sickness c. Note that the Barons of the Cinque Ports are at this day onely as other Burgesses in Parliament but are still called Barons after the antient manner because heretofore they got great renown by their exploits at Sea in defending the Kingdom in memory whereof they have yet the Priviledge to send Burgesses to bear the Cloth of State over the Kings Head on the day of his Coronation and to dine that day in the Kings Presence A List of all the Knights Citizens Burgesses and Barons of the Cinque Ports that at present serve in the Parliament of England Bedford SIR Humphry Winch Bar. Sir John Nappier Bar. Town of Bedford Pawlet St. John Esq Sir William Beecher Kt. Berks. Richard Nevil Esq Sir Richard Powle Kt of the Bath Burough of New Windsor Sir Richard Braham Kt. Sir Thomas Higgons Kt. Borough of Reading Sir Thomas Doleman Kt. Richard Aldworth Esq Burough of Wallingford Sir John Benet Knight of the Bath Robert Packer Esq Borough of Abingdon Sir George Stonehouse Bar. Bucks Sir William Bowyer Kt. and Bar. Sir William Terringham Kt. of the Bath Town of Bucks Sir Richard Temple Bar. Sir William Smith Bar. Borough of Chipping Wiccomb Sir Edmond Pye Kt. and Bar. Sir John Burlace Bar. Borough of Aylesbury Sir Richard Ingoldsby Knight of the Bath Sir Thomas Lee Bar. Borough of Agmondesham Sir Will. Drake Kt. Sir Thomas Proby Bar. Borough of Wendever Richard Hampden Esq Robert Crooke Esq Borough of great Marlowe Peregrine Hobby Esq Charles Cheyney Esq Cambridge Sir Thomas Chicheley Kt. Sir Thomas Wendy Knight of the Bath Vniversity of Cambridge Thomas Crouch Master of Arts Sir Charles Wheeler Bar. Town of Cambridge William Lord Allington Roger Pepis Esq Chester Sir Foulke Lucy Knight Thomas Cholmly Esq City of Chester Sir Thomas Smith Bar. John Radcliff Esq Cornwall Sir Jonath Trelawny Kt. Sir John Corryton Bar. Borough of Dunhivid alias Launceston Sir Richard Edgecombe Knight of the Bath Sir Charles Harbord Knight His Majesties Surveyor General Borough of Leskeard John Harris Esq Barnard Greenvile Esq Borough of Lestwithiel Charles Smith Esq Silas Titus Esq Borough of Truroe John Arundel Esq Edward Boscawen Borough of Bodmin Sir John Carew Bar. Hender Roberts Esq Borough of Helston Sir William Godolphin Bar. Sidney Godolphin Esq Borough of Saltashe Francis Buller Junior Esq John Buller Esq Borough of Camelford Thomas Coventry Esq Sir Will. Godolphin Kt. Borough of Port-Pigham alias Westlow Sir Henry Vernon Bar. John Trelawny Esq Borough of Grampound Charles Trevanion Esq John Tanner Esq Borough of Estlow Henry Seymour Esq Sir Robort Atkins Kt. of the Bath Borough of Penryn William Pendarvis Esq John Birch Esq Borough of Tregony Hugh Boscawen Esq Thomas Herle Esq Borough of Bossiny Robert Roberts Esq Richard Rous Esq Borough of St. Ives James Praed Esq Edward Nosworthy Esq Borough of Fowey Jonathan Rashley Esq John Rashly Gent. Borough of St. Germains John Elliot Esq Edward Elliot Esquire Borough of St. Michael Matthew Wren Esq Francis Ld Hawley Borough of Newport John Speccot Esq Nicolas Morice Borough of St. Mawes Arthur Spry Esq Sir Joseph Tredinham Borough of Kellington Sir Cyril Wych Kt. Sam. Roll Esq Cumberland Sir George Fletcher Bar. Sir John Lowther Bar. City of Carlile Sir Philip Howard Kt. Christopher Musgrave Esq Borough of Cockermouth Sir Wilfrid Lawson Kt. John Clark Esq Derby William Lord Cavendish Sacheveril Esq Town of Derby John Dalton Esq Anchetel Grey Esq Devon Sir John Roll Knight of the Bath Sir Copplestone Bamfield Kt. City of Exeter Sir James Smith Kt. Robert Walker Esq Borough of Totnes Sir Edward Seymour Bar. Sir Thomas Clifford Kt. Borough of Plymouth Sir William Morice Kt. Sir Gilbert Talbot Kt. Town and Borough of Okehampton Sir Edward Wise Knight of the Bath John Harris Esq Borough of Barnstable Sir John Norcot Bar. Nicholas Dennis Esq Borough of Plympton Sir William Stroude Kt. Sir Nicholas Slanning Kt. and Bar. Borough of Honiton Sir Courtney Poole Bar. Peter Prideaux Esq Borough of Tavistok George Howard Esq William Russel Esq Borough of Ashburton Sir Geo. Sonds Kt. of the Bath John Fowel Esq Borough of Clifton Dartmouth Hardnes William Harbord Esq William Gould Esq Borough of Beeralston Sir John Maynard Kt. the Kings Sergeant at Law Joseph Maynard Esq Borough of Tiverton Thomas Carew Esq Henry Ford Esq Dorset Giles Strangeways Esq Sir John Strode Kt. Town of Poole Sir John Moreton Bar. Thomas Trenchard Esq Borough of Dorchester James Gould Esq John Churchill Esq Borough of Kings Lime Sir John Shaw Kt. and Bar. Henry Henly Esq Borough of Weymouth Sir John Covenrry Kt. of the Bath Sir Winston Churchill Kt. Borough of Kings-mellcombe Bullen Reymes Esq Anthony Ashley Esq Borough of Bridport Humphrey Bishop Esq John Strangewaise Esq Bor. of Shaston alias Shastbury Henry Whittacre Esq John Bennet Esq Borough of Wareham George Pit Esq Robert Culleford Esq Borough of Corfe Castle Sir Ralf Banks Kt. John Tregonwell Esq Essex Banestre Maynard Esq Sir John Bramstone Knight of the Bâ—rbâ— Borough of Colchester Sir Harbottle Grimstone Baronet Master of the Rolls Sir John Shaw Kt. Borough of Malden Sir John Tirril Kt. Sir Richard wiseman Kt. Borough of Harwich Thomas King Esq Sir Capel Luckin Gloucester John Grubham How Esq Sir Bainham Throgmorton Kt. City of Gloucester Sir Edward Massy Kt. Evan Seyes Serjeant at Law Borough of Cirencester Henry Fowle Esq John George Esq Borough of Tewksbury Sir Henry Capel Kt. of the Bath Richard Dowdswel Esq Hereford John Kerle Bar. Thomas Price Esq City of Hereford Roger Vaughan Esq Herbert Westphaling Esq Borough of Leompster Reynald Graham Esq Humphrey Cornwall esq Borough of Weobly John Barnaby Esq Sir Thomas Tompkins Kt Hertford Sir Richard Franklyn Knight and Baronet Will. Hale Esq Borough of St. Albans Sam. Grimston Esq Thomas Arris Doctor of Physick Borough of Hertford Sir Edward Turner Knight Speaker Thomas Lord Fanshaw Knight of the Bath Huntingdon Robert Vicount Mandeville Henry Williams Esq Borough of Huntingdon Sir John Cotton Bar. Lyonel Walden Esquire Kent Sir Thomas Peyton Bar. Sir John Tufton Kt. and Bar. City of Canterbury Thomas Hardâ—es Serj. at Law Sir Edward Masters Kt. City of Rochester Sir Francis Clerk Kt. Richard Heâ—d Esquire Borough of Maidstone Thomâ—s Heâ—lâ—ckenden Esquire Sir Robert Barneham Bar. Borough of Queenborough James Herbert Esquire Sir Edward Hales Bar. Lancaster Sir Roger Bradshaw Kt. Thomas Preston Esquire Borough of Lancaster Richard Kirkby Esquire Richard Harrison Esquire Borough or Town of Preston in Amounderness Edward Rigby Esquire John Otway Esquire Borough of Newton Richard Lord Gorges Richard Leigh Esq Borough of Wigon Charles Eâ—rl of Ancram Sir Jeofry â—hâ—kerley Kt. Borough of Clitheroe Sir John Heath Attorney of the Dutchy Ambrose Pudrey Esq Borough of Liverpoole Sir William Bucknell Kt. Sir Gilbert Ireland Kt. Leicester John Lord Roos George Faunt Esq Town of Leicester
Sir William Hartop Kt. Sir John Prettyman Kt. and Bar. Lincoln George Vicount Castleton Sir Robert Car Kt. and Bar. City of Lincoln Sir Thomas Meres Kt. Sir John Mounson jun. Kt. of the Bath Borough of Boston Sir Anthony Irby Kt. Sir Philip Harcourt Kt. Borough of Great Grimsby Jervas Holles Esq Sir Frechevile Holles Kt. Town of Stamford Peregrin Bertue Esq William Montague Esq Borough of Grantham Sir John Newton Bar. Sir William Thorold Kt. and Bar. Middlesex Sir Lancelot Lake Kt. Sir Thomas Allen Kt. City of Westminster Sir Philip Warwick Kt. Sir Richard Everard Kt. London Sir John Frederick Kt. Sir William Thomson Kt. William Love Esq John Jones Esq Monmouth Sir Trevor Williams Bar. William Morgan Esq Borough of Monmouth Sir George Probert Kt. Norfolk Thomas Lord Richardson Sir Ralph Hâ—re Bar. City of Norwich Christopher Jâ—y Esq Francis Corey Esq Town of Lynn Regis Robert Wright Esq John Coke Esq Town of Great Yarmouth Sir William Coventry Kt. Sir William Doyly Kt and Bar. Borough of Thetford Sir Allan Apseley Kt. Joseph Williamson Esquire Borough of Castlerising Sir Robert Paston Kt. and Bar. Robert Steward Esquire Northamton Sir Justinian Isham Bar. George Clark Esquire City of Peterborough William Lord Fitzwilliams Sir Vere Fane Town of Northampton Lord O Bryon Sir William Farmer Town of Brackeley Sir Thomas Crew Kt Robert Spencer Esquire Borough of Higham Ferrers Sir Lewis Palmer Bar. Northumberland Henry Earl of Ogle Sir William Fenwick Bar. Town of Newcastle upon Time Sir Francis Anderson Kt. Sir John Marley Kt. Borough of Morpeth Sir George Downing Kt. and Bar. Edward Lord Morpeth Town of Berwick upon Twede Edward Gray Esquire Daniel Collingwood Esquire Nottingham Anthony Eyre Esquire Sir Francis Leeke Knight and Bar. Town of Nottingham Arthur Stanhop Esquire Robert Pierpoint Esquire Borough of Eastretford Sir William Hickman Bar. Sir Edward Deering Kt. Oxon. Sir Francis Wainman Kt. Sir Anthony Cope Knight and Bar. Vniversity of Oxon. Lawrence Hide Esquire Sir Henage Finch Kt. and Bar. His Majesties Atturney General City of Oxon. Robert Croke Esquire Brome Whorwood Esquire Borough of New-Woodstock Sir Thomas Spencer Bar Sir William Fleetwood Kt. Borough of Banbury Sir John Holeman Kt. Rutland Edward Noell Esquire Phillip Sherrard Esquire Salop. Sir Francis Lawley Bar. Richard Newport Esquire Town of Salop. Robert Leighton Esquire Thomas Jones Serjeant at Law Borough of Bruges alias Bridgenorth Sir William Whitmore Bar. Sir Thomas Whitmore Knight of the Bath Borough of Ludlow Sir Job Charleton His Majesties Serjeant at Law Somerset Fox Esquire Borough of Great Wenlock Sir Thomas Littleton Kt. George Weld Esquire Town of Bishops-Castle Edmond Waring Esquire William Oakeley Esquire Sommerset Edward Philips Esquire Sir Jo. Sydenham Bar. City of Bristol Sir John Knight Kt. Sir Humphrey Hook Kt. City of Bath Sir William Basset Kt. Sir Francis Popham Kt. and Bar. City of Wells Richard Lord Butler Earl of Arran Sir Maurice Berkley Kt. and Bar. Lord Fitzharding Borough of Taunton Sir William Portman Bar. Sir William Windham Kt. Borough of Bridgewater Edmond Windham Esquire Peregrine Palmer Esquire Borough of Minehead Sir Jo. Malet Kt. Sir Hugh Windham Kt. Borough of Ilcester Sir Edward Phillips jun. Kt. Henry Dunster Merchant Borough of Milborneport Francis Windham Esquire Michael Mallet Esquire Southampton Charles Lord St. John Sir John Norton Bar. City of Winchester Sir Rober Holmes Kt. Lawrence Hide Esquire Town of Southampton Sir Richard Ford Kt. Thomas Knowles Esquire Town of Portsmouth Richard Norton Esquire Sir George Carteret Kt. and Bar. Borough of Yarmouth Richard Lucy Esquire Edward Smith Esquire Borough of Peterfield Thomas Neal Esquire Arthur Bold Esquire Borough of Newport alias Medena Sir Robert Dillington William Glascock Esq Borough of Stockbridge Sir Robert Howard Kt. Robert Phillips Esquire Borough of Newtown Sir John Barrington Kt. and Bar. Sir Robert Worsley Kt. and Bar. Borough of Christchurch Humphry Weld Esquire Henry Tulse Esquire Borough of Whitchurch Henry Wallop Esquire Giles Hungerford Esquire Borough of Limmington Sir William Lewis Bar. Sir Nicholas Steward Bar. Town of Andover John Collins Esquire Sir John Trot Bar. Stafford Sir Edward Littleton Bar. Randolph Egerton Esquire City of Litchfield Richard Diot Esquire Sir Theophilus Bidolph Kt. and Bar. Borough of Stafford Robert Milward Esquire William Chetwinde Esquire Borough of Newcastel under Line Sir Caesar Colclough Bar. Edward Manwaring Esquire Borough of Tamworth Charles Lord Clifford John Swinfein Esquire Suffolke Sir Henry Felton Bar. Sir Henry North Bar. Borough of Ipswich John Wright Esquire William Bloise sen Esquire Borough of Dunwich William Wood Esquire Sir John Pettus Kt. Borough of Orford Sir Allen Broderick Knight Walter Devereux Esquire Borough of Aldborough Sir John Holland Bar. Jo. Bence Esquire Borough of Sudbury Sir Robert Cordel Bar. Thomas Walgrave Esquire Borough of Eye Sir George Reeve Kt. and Bar. Charles Cornwallis Esquire Borough of St. Edmonds-bury Sir John Duncomb Kt. Sir Edmond Pooley Kt. Surrey Sir Adam Brown Bar. Sir Edmond Bowyer Kt. Borough of Southwark Sir Thomas Bludworth Kt. Sir thomas Clarges Kt. Borouhg of Blechingly Sir William Hayward Kt. Sir Edward Bish Kt. Borough of Rygate Roger James Esquire Sir Edward Thurland Knight Borough of Guiltford Arthur Onslow Esquire Thomas De Mahoy Esquire Borough of Gatton Thomas Turgis Esquire Sir Nicolas Carew Kt. Borough of Haslemere George Evelyn Esquire Thomas Morrice Esquire Sussex Sir John Pelham Bar. Sir Will. Morley Kt. of the Bath City of Chichester Sir Henry Peckham Kt Serjeant at Law William Garaway Esquire Borough of Horsham Sir John Covert Kt. and Bar. Orlando Bridgman Esquire Borough of Midhurst Baptist May Esquire John Steward Esquire Borough of Lewis Sir John Stapely Kt. and Bar. Sir Thomas Woodcok Kt. Borough of New-Shoreham Edward Blaker Esquire Jo. Fag Esquire Borough of Bramber Sir Cicil Bishop Peircy Goring Esquire Borough of Steyning Sir John Fag Bar. Henry Goring Esq Borough of East Grimstead Charles Lord Buckhurst Sir George Courthop Kt. Borough of Arundel Roger Earl of Orrory Francis Lord Angier Warwick Sir Robert Holt Bar. Sir Henry Puckering alias Newton City of Coventry Sir Clement Fisher Bar. Richard Hopkins Esq Borough of Warwick Sir Francis Compton Kt. Foulk Grevile Esq Westmerland Sir Phillip Musgrave Bar. Sir Thomas Strickland Kt. Borough of Apulby Thomas Tufton Esq John Dalston Esq Wilts Henry Lord Cornbury Thomas Thin Esq City of New Sarum Sir Stephen Fox Kt. Richard Coleman Esq Borough of Wilton Sir John Birkenhead Kt. Sir Thomas Mompesson Kt. Borough of Downton Gilbert Rawleigh Esq Sir Joseph Ash Kt. Borough of Hindon Edward Seymor Esq Sir George Grubham How Bar. Borough of Westbury Richard Lewis Esq Thomas Wanklyn Esq Borough of Hetsbury John Jolliffe Esq William Ash Esq Borough of Calne William Ducket Esq George Low Esq Borough of the Devises Edward Lewis Esq George Johnson Borough of Chippenham Sir Edward Hungerford Kt. of the Bath Henry Baynton Esq Borough of Malmesbury Phillip Howard Esq Sir Edward Pool Kt.
England in some difficult cases were not wont to give Judgment until they had first consulted the King or his Privy Council Moreover the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament have oft-times transmitted matters of high moment to the King and his Privy Council as by long experience and wisdom better able to judge of and by secrecy and expedition better able to transact some State Affairs then all the Lords and Commons together At present the King and his Privy Council take Cognisance of few matters that may well be determined by the known Laws and ordinary Courts of Justice but onely as aforesaid consult for the Publick Good Honour Defence Safety and Benefit of the Realm not medling with matters that concern Freeholds but matters of Appeal and sudden Emergencies The Lords of the Privy Council are as it were a part of the King incorporate with him and his Cares bearing upon their Shoulders that great weight that otherwise would lye wholly upon His Majesty wherefore of such high value and esteem they have always been that if a man did but strike in the House of a Privy Counsellor or elsewhere in his presence he was grievously Fined for the same and to conspire the death of any of them was made Felony in any of the Kings servants within the Check Roll and to kill one of them was High Treason A Privy Councellor though but a Gentleman shall have precedence of all Knights Baronets and younger Sons of all Barons and Viscounts The Substance of their Oath is That they shall according to their power and discretion Truly Justly and Evenly Counsel and Advise the King in all matters to be Treated in His Majesties Council that they shall keep secret the Kings Counsel c. By Force of this Oath and the Custom of the Kingdom of England a Privy Counsellor is made without any Patent or Grant and to continue onely during the Life of the King that makes him nor so long unless the King pleaseth Heretofore there hath been usually a Lord President of the Kings Privy Council a Dignity of so high Repute that by a Statute of Henry the Eight he is to take place in publick next to the Lord High Treasurer of England His Office was to speak first to business to report to His Majesty the Passages and State of businesses transacted at Council Table The last Lord President was the Earl of Manchester Father of the present Lord Chamberlaine To his Privy Councellors the King of England may declare or conceal from them whatsoever he alone judgeth fit and expedient qua in re saith the Excellent Sir Tho. Smith absolutissimum est hoc Regnum Angliae prae Venetorum Ducatu aut Lacedaemoniorum Principatu The King with the advice of his Privy Council doth publish Proclamations binding to the Subject provided that they are not contrary to Statute or Common Law In cases where the publick peace honour or profit of the Kingdom may be endangered for want of speedy redress there the King with his Privy Council usually make use of an absolute power if need be The Members of this most Honorable Council are such as his own free Will and meer Motion shall please to choose and are commonly men of the highest rank eminent for Estates Wisdom Courage Integrity c. And because there are few cases of moment so temporal but that they may some way relate to spiritual affairs therefore according to the general Rules of Policy and Government which God himself ordained amongst his chosen people the Jews the Privy Council as well as the great Council of Parliament is composed of Spiritual as well as Temporal persons some of the principal Bishops of England have in all times been chosen by His Majesty to be of his Privy Council The Lords of His Majesties Privy Council are at present these that follow His Royal Highness the Duke of York His Highness Prince Rupert Gilbert Lord-Archbishop of Canterbury Sir Orlando Bridgman Knight and Baronet Lord Keeper of the Great Seal John Lord Roberts Lord Privy Seal George Duke of Buckingham Mr. of the Horse to His Majesty James Duke of Monmouth James Duke of Ormond Lord Great Steward of His Majesties Houshold Henry Marquis of Dorchester Henry Earl of Ogle Thomas Earl of Ossory Robert Earl of Lindsey Lord Great Chamberlain of England Edward Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of His Majesties Houshold· Awbrey Earl of Oxford John Earl of Bridgwater Robert Earl of Leceister Henry Earl of S. Albans Edward Earl of Sandwich Arthur Earl of Anglesey John Earl of Bath Groom of the Stole to His Majesty Charles Earl of Carlisle William Earl of Craven John Earl of Rothes His Majesties Commissioner in Scotland John Earl of Lotherdale Secretary of State in Scotland John Earl of Tweedale John Earl of Middleton Richard Earl of Carbury Lord President of Wales Roger Earl of Orrery Humphrey Lord Bishop of London Henry Lord Arlington one of His Majesties Principal Secretaries of State Francis Lord Newport Comptroler of His Majesties Houshold John Lord Berkley Lieutenant of Ireland Densel Lord Holles Anthony Lord Ashley Chancellor of the Exchequer Sir Thomas Clifford Knight Treasurer of His Majesties Houshold Sir George Carteret Knight Vice-Chamberlain to His Majesty Sir John Trevor Knight one of His Majesties Principal Secretaries of State Sir Thomas Ingram Knight Chancellor of the Dutchy Sir William Morice Knight Sir John Duncom Knight Sir Thomas Chicheley Knight Master of the Ordnance These are all to wait on his Majesty and at Council Board sit in their Order bare-headed when His Majesty presides At all Debates the lowest delivers his opinion first that so he may be the more free and the King last of all declares his Judgment and thereby determines the mater in Debate The Time and Place of holding this Council is wholly at the Kings pleasure but it is most commonly held in the morning on Wednesday and Friday out of Parliament time and Term time and in the Afternoon in time of Parliament and Term. A Council is seldom or never held without the Presence of one of the Secretaries of State of whose Office and Dignity much more considerable in England than in other Nations take here this brief Account The Kings of England had antiently but one Secretary of State until about the end of Henry the Eight his Reign it was thought fit that weighty and important Office should be discharged by two Persons both of equal authority and both stiled Principal Secretaries of State In those days and some while after they sate not at Council Board but having prepared their business in a Room adjoyning to the Council-Chamber they came in and stood on either hand of the King and nothing was debated at the Table until the Secretaries had gone through with their Proposals But Queen Elizabeth seldom coming to Council that Method was altered and the two Secretaries took their places as Privy Counsellors which Dignity they have retained and enjoyed ever since and a
of proceedings not used in Common Law Courts as the Defendants answering to the Bill and sometimes to the Interrogatories upon Oath though to the accusing of a mans self in divers matters dammageable and penal also by the whole manner of publication the depositions of Witnesses by the examining of witnesses upon Interrogatories and in perpetuam rei memoriam by the term and use of final Decree and many other points differing from the Common Law and wholly agreeing with the Civil Law This Court is alwayes open when all the others are shut but onely in Term time so that if a man be wrongfully imprisoned in the Vacation time out of Term the Lord Chancellour may grant his Writ of Habeas Corpus and do him justice according to Law So likewise may this Court grant Prohibitions in time of Vacation as well as in Term time A List of the several Officers belonging to the High Court of Chancery SIR Orlando Bridgman Knight and Barronet Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England Then the 12 Masters of the Chancery as followeth Sir Harbottle Grimston Baronet Master of the Rolls Sir William Childe Knight Doctor of Laws Sir Justinian Lewin Knight Doctor of Laws Sir Thomas Escourt Knight Sir Mundeford Bramston Knight Doctor of Laws Sir Nathaniel Hobart Knight Sir William Glascock Knight Sir John Coel Knight Sir Robert Stewart Knight Sir Timothy Baldwin Knight Doctor of Laws Sir Andrew Harket Knight Sir William Beversham The House founded at first for the converted Jews was after their expulsson out of England annext for ever to the Office of Master of the Rolls where he hath the custody of all Charters Patents Commissions Deeds Recognisances which being made up in Rolls of Parchments gave occasion of the Name At present there are kept all the Rolls since the beginning of Henry 7. the rest are kept in the Tower of London In his gift are besides the six Clerks Offices the Offices of the Examiners and three Clerks of the Pettibag Next Clerk of the Crown Henry Barker Esquire this Office is of high importance he is either by himself or Deputy continually to attend the Keeper of the Great Seal for special matters of State and hath a place in the Higher House of Parliament he makes all Writs for summoning Parliaments and upon a Warrant directed to him by the Speaker of the House of Commons upon the Death or removal of any Member he makes a Writ for a new Election Protonatary of this Court is Robert Pescod Esquire this Office is chiefly to expedite Commissions for Embassies It is executed by a Deputy Clerk of the Hamper or Hannaper sometime stiled Warden of the Hannaper Whose Office is to receive all the Money due to the King for the Seals of Charters Patents Commissions and Writs and to attend the Keeper of the Seal dayly in Term time and at all times of Sealing with leather baggs now but antiently probably with Hampers wherein are put all sealed Charters Patents c. and then those Baggs delivered to the Comptroller of the Hamper This Office is now enjoyed by Henry Seymer Esquire and executed by a Deputy Warden of the Fleet or Keeper of the Fleet-Prison is an Office very considerable and is to take care of the Prisoners there who are commonly such as are sent thither from this Court for contempt to the King or his Laws or such as will not pay their Debts c. The present Warden is Sir Jeremy Whitchcote It is executed by a Deputy Serjeant at Armes is Humphrey Ley Esq whose Office is to bear a great gilt Mace before the Lord Keeper c. Six Clerks are Officers of great account next in degree to the twelve Masters in Chancery whose Office is to inroll Commissions Pardons Patents Warrants c. That are passed the Great Seal They were antiently Clerici and afterwards forfeited their places if they did marry till by Act of Parliament in the time of Hen. 8. they were allowed to take Wives They are also Atturneys for Plaintiffs and Defendants in causes depending in this Court The present six Clerks Sir John Marshal Matthew Pindar Esq Matthew Bluck Esq Sir Cyril Wyche John Wilkinson Esq and Edward Abney Esq who sit altogether at their Office in Chancery Lane Examiners in Chancery there are two Sir Robert Peyton and Sir Nicholas Strode Their Office is to examine the Witnesses in any suit on both sides on their Oaths This Office also is executed at the Rolls Clerks of the Petty Bag in Chancery are three Edmund Warcup Esq John Hobson Esq and George Low Esq they are under the master of the Rolls Their Office is to make all Patents for Customers Comtrollers all Conge d' eslires first summons of Nobility Clergy Knights Citizens and Burgesses to Parliament c. The Subpena Office is to issue out Writs to call a person into Chancery This Office is in the hands of Frances Lady Vane Sir Walter Vane and Charles Vane and executed by a Deputy Clerk of the Patents or of Letters Patents under the Great Seal of England is Sir Richard Pygot and executed by a Deputy erected 16 Jac. The Register of the Court of Chancery the Farl of St. Albans under whom are three Deputy Registers for the Court two Deputy Registers for the Rolls two entring Clerks and a Keeper of the Books Cursiters Office in the Chancery is to make out Original Writs they were antiently called Clerici de Cursu of these there are twenty four whereof each one hath certain Counties and Cities allotted to them into which they make out such Original Writs as are required These Clerks are a Corporation within them-themselves and are all persons of Quality whose names follow The Names of the Cursiters now in being are these that follow JOhn Symonds Principal William Barker Assistants Benjamin Gladman Assistants Henry Edmonds Ge. Norbury Abr. Nelson Rich· Plumpton Roger Brown John Norbury Richard Cross Edmund Eyre Will. Adderley Abr. Skynner Jo. Shelbury Will. Plumpton Thomas Fisher Elias Gladman Roger Twisden Ben. Storke John More William Loe. H. Amhurst Philip Barecroft Rich. Parmee Esquires who execute these Offices by themselves or by their Deputies This Office is kept near Lincolns Inn. Clerk of the Presentations of Spiritual Benefices Edwes Esquire Commissioners Sir George Courthop Sir Edm. Turner Halsal Esq Alienation Office N. Crew Esq Receiver Gen. Joh. Nichols All the forementioned Courts of Judicature at Westminster are opened four times the year called the four Termes viz. Easter Term which beginneth alwayes the seventeenth day after Easter and lasteth 27 dayes Trinity Term begins the 5 th day after Trinity Sunday and lasteth 20 dayes Michaelmas Term began heretofore a little after that Feast but now by a late Statute begins the 23 October and lasteth 37 dayes Lastly Hilary Term begins now 10 dayes after St. Hilary Bishop or the 23 of January and lasteth 21 dayes so in all 105 dayes from whence must be deducted about 20 Sundayes and Holydayes which
Nations and excelled all Nations in making of good Lawes yet for their Sea-affairs referred all Debates and Controversies to the Judgement of these Rhodian Lawes Oleron is an Island antiently belonging to the Crown of England seated in the Bay of Aquitane not far from the Mouth of the Garonne where our famous Warriour King Richard the First caused to be compiled such excellent Laws for Sea matters that in the Ocean Sea Westward they had almost as much repute as the Rhodian Laws in the Mediterranean and these Lawes were called La Rool d' Oleron King Edward the Third who first erected this Court of Admiralty as some hold made at Quinborough 1375. very excellent Constitutions concerning Maritime affairs and many Statutes and Ordinances have been made by other Princes and People as at Rome Pisa Genoa Marseilles Barcelona and Messina yet that fragment of the Rhodian Law still extant with the Comments thereon by the old Jurisconsults inserted in the Pandects and the Constitutions made by the Roman Emperors contained in the Code and in the Novelles still holds the Preeminence The Customes and former Decrees of the English Court of Admiralty are there of force for deciding of Controversies Under this Court there is also a Court of Equity for determining differences between Merchants In Criminal affairs which is commonly about Piracy the proceeding in this Court was by Accusation and Information according to the Civil Law by a mans own confession or eye-witnesses found gulty before he could be condemned but that being found inconvenient there were two Statutes made by H. VIII that Criminal affairs should be tried by Witnesses and a Jury and this by special Commission of the King to the Lord Admiral wherein some of the Judges of the Realm are ever Commissioners and the Tryal according to the Laws of England directed by those Statutes Between the Common Law of England and the Admiralty there seems to be Divisum Imperium for in the Sea so far as the Low-water Mark is observed that is counted Infra Corpus Comitatus adjacentis and Causes thence arising are determinable by the Common-Law yet when the Sea is full the Admiral hath Jurisdiction there also so long as the Sea flows over matters done between the Low-water Mark and the Land as appears in Sir Henry Constables Case 5 Report Coke p. 107. For regulating and ordering His Majesties Navies Ships of War and Forces by Sea See those excellent Articles and Orders in Stat. 13 Car. 2. c. 9. Of the Navy Office where the whole business concerning the Kings Vessels of War is managed FIrst There is the Treasurer of the Navy the Earl of Anglesy whose Office is to receive out of the Exchequer by Warrant from the Lord Treasurer of England and to pay all charges of the Navy by Warrant from the principal Officers of the Navy for which he hath salary 220 l. 13 s. 4 d. besides 3 d. in the pound of all moneys paid by him This Office is executed pro tempore by Sir Thomas Osburn and Sir Thomas Littleton for which there are allowed to each fifteen hundred pounds per annum Next the Controller of the Navy Sir John Mennes whose Office is to attend and controll all payments of wages to know the Market rates of all stores belonging to shipping to examine and audit Treasurers Victuallers and Store-keepers Accounts c. his Salary is 500 l. yearly This Office is executed at present by the Lord Vicount Brounker the forementioned Sir John Mennes and Sir Jeremy Smith together Surveyor of the Navy Collonel Thomas Middleton whose Office is generally to know the state of all stores and see the wants supplyed to find the Hulls Masts Yards and estimate the value of repairs by Indentures to charge all Boatswains and Carpenters of His Majesties Navy with what stores they receive and at the end of each voyage to state and audit their Accounts his Salary is 490 l. Clerk of the Acts Samuel Pepys Esquire whose Office is to record all Orders Contracts Bills Warrants and other businesses transacted by the Principal Officers and Commissioners of the Navy c. Next the Commissioners of the Navy viz. the forementioned Lord Brounker and Sir Jeremy Smith whose Office is as above specified and Salary to each 500 l. yearly Two other Commissioners John Tippets And John Cox Esquires whose particular work is to be at Portsmouth and Chatham alwayes in readiness to give Orders for the better management of His Majesties affairs in his Yards or Store-Houses there Salary to each is 350 l. yearly Each of these Officers above named have two Clerks and some of them more all payd by the Treasurer of the Navy all hold their Places by Patent from the King and the most of them during Pleasure The King hath for his Navy Royal and Stores 4 great Yards or Store-houses viz. at Chatham Deptford Woollwich and Portsmouth where his ships are built repaired and laid up after their voyages In which Yards are employed divers Officers whereof there are six Principal whose Office Names and Salaries follow  Chat. Dep. Wool Port. Clerk of the Check 181 108 98 126 Store-keeper 236 164 128 119 Master attendant 2 at Chatham 200 100 100 108 Master ship-wright 103 113  130 Clerk of the Controll 100 120 80 80 Clerk of the Survey 140 102  84 Note that the charges of their Clerks and Instruments are included in the aforementioned Salaries Besides these four Yards His Majesty hath divers Rope Yards as at Chatham Woolwich and Portsmouth where are made all His Cables and Cordage for His Navy Also in time of a Sea-war the King hath another Yard at Harwich where there is out of War time continued an Officer at the charges of 100 l. yearly Yearly Pensions allowed by the King to to his Flag-Officers whilst they are at Land of Employment Two Admirals  salaries  l. Sir George Askew 250 Sir Thomas Allen 245 Three Vice-Admirals Sir Joseph Jordan 200 Sir Edward Sprag 250 Sir John Herman 200 Three Rere-Admirals  l. Riches Uâ—bert 150 Sir John Kempthorn 150 John Hubbert 150 All the Fore-mentioned Officers and the whole Navy Office are governed by the Lord High Admiral of England whose Lieâ—tenant Admiral is the Earl of Sandwich Salary 20 s. per diem and 10 s. per mens for each servant whereof he is allowed 16. Lord Adm. Secretary is Matthew Wren Esquire his Salary from the King is 500 l. yearly All the other under Officers as well those in the several Yards as those belonging to any of His Majesties ships hold their places by Warrant from the Lord High Admiral durante bene placito The ordinary yearly Charge of His Majesties Navy in times of Peace continuing in Harbour is so well regulated that it amounts to scarce 70000 l. besides all charges of building of ships c. or setting forth any Fleets which some years even in peaceable times amounts to 12 or 1300000 l. more as may easily be
placito The Proctors belonging to this Court aforementioned are persons that exhibite their Proxies for their Clients and make themselves parties for them and draw and give in Pleas or Libells and Allegations in the behalf of their Clients produce the Witnesses prepare the Causes for Sentence and attend the Advocates with the Proceedings They are also admitted by the Fiat of the Archbishop introduced by the Two Senior Proctors and are allowed to practise immediately after their admission they wear Black Robes and Hoods lined with White Fur. According to the Statutes of this Court all Arguments made by Advocates and all Petitions made by the Proctors are to be in the Latin Tongue All Process of this Court run in the name of the Judge thus Egi. Sweit Miles LL. Dr. Almae Curiae Cant. de Arcubus Lond. Officialis Principalis and returnable before him heretofore in Bow Church now in the Common Hall at Exeter House The Places and Offices belonging to this Court are all in the gift of the Archbishop of Canterbury whose Court it is Here note That the next Morning after the sitting of this Court the Judge of the Court of Audience did usually sit but since the late Troubles that Court hath been discontinued Next is the Court of Admiralty whereof see more in Chapter of the Military Government The present Judge of this Court is Sir Leolin Jenkins Knight Doctor of Laws whose Title is Supremae Curiae Admiralitatis Angliae locum tenens Judex sive Praesidens The Writs and Decrees run in the name of the Lord High Admiral and are directed to all Vice-Admirals Justices of Peace Majors Sheriffs Bailiffs Constables Marshals and others Officers and Ministers of our Soveraign Lord the King as well within Liberties as without To this Court belongs a Register Orlando Gee Esquire a Marshal who attends the Court and carries a Silver Oar before the Judge whereon are the Arms of the King and of the Lord High Admiral The Lord Admiral hath here his Advocate and Proctor and all other Advocates and Proctors are presented by them and admitted by the Judge This Court is held on the same day with the Arches but in the afternoon and heretofore at St. Margarets Hill in Southwark but now in the same Common Hall at Exeter house But the Admiralty Session is still held for the Tryal of Malefactors and Crimes committed at Sea at the Antient place aforesaid The places and Offices belonging to this Court are in the Gift of the Lord High Admiral Next is another Court belonging to the Archbishop of Canterbury called the Prerogative Court whereof see more in the Chapter of the Ecclesiastical Government of England The Judge of this Court is the forenamed Sir Leolin Jenkins and his Title here is Curiae Prerogativae Cant. Magister Custos sive Commissarius All Citations and Decrees run in the name of the Archbishop This Court is kept in the same Common Hall in the afternoon next day after the Arches and was heretofore held in the Consistory of St Pauls The Judge is attended by a Register Marke Cottle Esquire who sets down the Decrees and Acts of the Court and keeps the Records all Original Wills and Testaments of parties dying having Bona Notabilia c. The place is commonly called the Prerogative Office now kept in the Savoy where for a moderate Fee one may search for and have a Copy of any such Testament made since the Rebellion of Wat Tiler and Jack Straw by whom many Records and Writings in several places of London were then burnt and destroyed The Places belonging to this Court are in the Gift of the Archbishop of Canterbury From the forementioned Courts Appeals do lye to the Court of Delegates whereof more pag. 76 the Judges whereof are appointed by the Lord Keeper under the great Seal of England pro illa vice and upon every cause or business there is a new Commission and new Judges according to the nature of the Affair or Cause as sometimes Bishops Common-Law-Judges and Civilians and sometimes Bishops and Civilians and sometimes Common-Law-Judges and Civilians and sometimes Civilians onely To this Court belongs a standing Register and the Court is kept in the same Common Hall in the afternoon the day after the Prerogative The Citations and Decrees here run in the Kings Name From this Court lyes no Appeal in Common course But the King of His meer Prerogative Royal may and many times doth grant a Commission of Review under the Broad Seal In this Colledge also usually resides the Vicar-General belonging to the Archbishop bishop of Canterbury who as he is Primate hath the Guardianship of the Spiritualties of every Bishop within his Province during the Vacancy and executes all Episcopal Power and Jurisdiction by his Vicar-General who is at present in the Province of Canterbury Sir Richard Chaworth Knight Doctor of Laws The Archbishop of York hath the like Power in his Province and his Vicar-General is Dr. Burnel he also hath a Prerogative Court whereof the Judge is Dr. Levet Of the Colledge of Physitians in London AMongst other excellent Institutions in the City of London there is a Colledge or Corporation of Physitians who by Charters and Acts of Parliament of Henry VIII and since his Raign have certain Priviledges whereby no man though a Graduat in Phsick of Oxford or Cambridge may without Licence under the said Colledge Seal practice Physick in London or within seven miles of this City nor in any other part of England in case he hath not taken any Degree in Oxford or Cambridge Whereby also they can administer an Oath fine and imprison any Offenders in that and divers other particulars can make By-Laws purchase Lands c. Whereby they have Authority to search all the shops of Apothecaries in and about London to see if their Drugs and Compositions are wholesome and well made whereby they are freed from all troublesome Offices as to serve upon Juries to be Constable to keep watch and ward to bear Arms or provide Armes or Ammunition c. any Member of that Colledge may practice Surgery if he please not onely in London but in any part of England This Society had antiently a Colledge in Knight-Rider-Street the Gift of Doctor Linacre Physitian to King Henry the VIII since which a House and Ground was purchased by the Society of Physitians at the end of Amen street whereon the ever famous Dr. Harvey Anno 1652. did erect at his own proper charge a Magnificent Structure both for a Library and a Publick Hall for the meeting of the several Members of this Society endowed the same with his whole Inheritance which he resigned up while he was yet living and in Health part of which he assigned for an Anniversary Harangue to commemorate all their Benefactors to exhort others to follow their good Examples and to provide a plentiful Dinner for the worthy Company Anno 1666. This goodly Edifice could not escape the Fury of that dreadful Fire and
from his Parents all his life time after Besides these there are of late Grammar Schools founded and endowed in almost every Market Town of England wherein the children of the Town are onely to be taught gratis without any other allowance But in the multiplying of these Schools it may be doubted whether there appeared not more Zeal then Prudence for the Parents of such School-boys not able to advance them to the Universities all the rest besides Reading and Writing becomes useless and the Youths by Eight or ten years lazy living rendred unapt for the labor belonging to the more profitable Plough and divers Manufactures usually turn either Serving-men or Clerks to Justices or Lawyers whereby they learn much Chicanery they become cunning Petty-foggers multiply Law-sutes and cozen their Countrey or if perhaps they are set to Trades that little smattering in Learning got at the Grammar School renders them commonly proud stiff-necked self-conceited unapt to be governed apt to embrace every new Doctrine Heresie Schism Sect and Faction Or in case their Parents are able to put them to the University yet for want of sufficient maintenance and residence there they get onely to be half-learned and thereby a propensity to Preach Faction Sedition and Rebellion to seduce those that are more ignorant then themselves as was evident in our late unhappy troubles where it was observed that the Seducers were generally such as had been from those Market Latin Schools advanced to be either Commoners or Servitors for a short time in the University and the seduced ordinarily such as from those Schools became afterward Shop-keepers or Petty-foggers If such had been endowed with more or perhaps with less knowledge they had probably been much more humble loyal and obedient to their Governors both Civil and Ecclesiastical and therefore the late King of Spain consulting with his ablest Counsellors of State for a general Reformation of Matters that were found by experience to be inconvenient and prejudicial to His Kingdoms after mature deliberation came to this resolution That amongst other abuses the great number of Countrey Grammar Schools should by a solemn Prematica or Ordnance be diminished and the childrens time better employed at Manufactures Trades Husbandry c. Besides upon serious consideration it will be found that England is over-stocked with Scholars for the proportion of its Preferments and for its employments for Lettered Persons whereby it comes to pass that too many live discontented and longing for Innovations and Changes and watching for an opportunity to alter the Government both of Church and State This following List was provided to be inserted after the account of the standing Militia of England A List of the present Lords Lieutenants of the several Counties and Places of England in Alphabetical Order BEdford Earl of Alisbury Berks Lord Lovelace Bristol Duke of Ormond Bucks Earl of Bridgwater Cambridge Earl of Suffolk Cheshire Earl of Derby Cornwall Earl of Bath Cumberland Earl of Carlisle Derby Earl of Devonshire Devon Duke of Albemarle Dorset Duke of Richmond Durham Bishop of Durham Essex Earl of Oxford Glocester Marquess of Worcester Hereford Marquess of Worcester Hertford Earl of Essex Huntingdon Earl of Sandwich Kent Duke of Richmond Lancaster Earl of Derby Leicester Earl of Rutland Lincoln Earl of Lindsey Middlesex Earl of Craven Monmouth Marquess of Worcester Norfolk Lord Townsend Northampton Earl of Peterborough Northumberland Earl of Ogle Nottingham Duke of Newcastle Oxford Lord Say and Seal Purbeck Isle Sir Ralph Banks Rutland Viscount Camden Shropshire Lord Newport Southwark Borough Earl of Craven Somerset Duke of Ormond Southampton Lord St. John Stafford Lord Brook Suffolk Earl of Suffolk Surrey Lord Mordant Sussex Earl of Dorset Wales Earl of Carbery Warwick Earl of Northampton Westmerland Earl of Carlisle Wilts Earl of Essex Worcester Lord Windsor York East-Riding Lord Bellasis York West-Riding Duke of Buckingham THus the Reader hath had a small Map of a great Monarchy the most just and easie that ever any people lived under except onely those who lived in England before the late unparalleld Rebellion and many ways more happy then that which the great and good States-man Philip Comines so much admired in his days when he declared after he had much commended the Policy of the Venetian Commonwealth That amongst all the Seigneuries in the World England was the Countrey where the State was best ordered and where there was the least Violence and Oppression upon the People FINIS
be spared because it intimates a distinct interest between the King and His Subjects which is not onely false but very dangerous to be allowed of The King is Pater patriae the Money given to him is for our use and benefit if we are niggardly to him we injure ourselves c. The Bill for the Kings general Pardon hath but one reading in either House for this reason because they must take it as the King will please to give it so the Bill of Subsidies granted by the Clergy assembled in Convocation for the same reason When the Bill for the general Pardon is passed by the King the Answer is thus les Prelats Signeurs communes en ce Parlament assemblez au nom de tous vos autres sujets remercient tres humblement vostre Majeste prient Dieu vous donner en sante bonne vie longue All Acts of Parliament before the Reign of Henry 7. were passed and enrolled in French now in Engliâ—h Most of our antient Acts of Parliament run in this stile The King at the humble request of the Commons with the assent of the Prelates Dukes Earles and Barons hath ordained or enacted After it was thus The King by the Advice and Assent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and with the Assent of the Commons doth enact of later times it hath been thus Be it enacted by the Kings most excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and of the Commons although the words of the Writ for summoning the Commons which ought to be the main rule is onely ad Consentiendum and not ad Consilium impendendum as it is in the Writ to the Lords and it is evident that the Commons in the late long Parliament made that an advantage for justifying their usurpations against the King in that point and so in another Parliament the Commons endeavoured to maintain that the Concurrence of the Lords was not always necessary in an Act of Parliament because 1 Edward 6. cap. 5. in passing that Act against transportation of Horses the Lords were casually omitted yet by the Register of the Lords House it appears that that Bill began first in the Lords House and there passed before the Commons took it in debate and therefore the Kings Council at Law is very curious in wording rightly all Acts before they are brought to the King and the Clerks of the Parliament as carefull in transcribing and registring them However it is to be wished that to prevent future mischief to this Nation some clauses in the late Act of Oblivion and Indemnity might be amended or at least explained and more especially about the beginning of that Act these words That all manner of Treasons c. since January 1637. and before June 1660. by vertue of any Authority from His late Majesty King Charles or His Majesty that now is be pardoned c. which words might possibly be foisted in designedly to insinuate as if according to that most absurd and Traiterous position of some of the Rebellious Members of the Long Parliament the Kings person or any commissionated by him could be guilty of Treason against the Kings Authority or against His two Houses of Parliament by pursuing of Rebels to bring them to Justice according to the Laws of the Land It were also to be desired that to prevent the great dishonour of making additional and explanatory Acts of Parliament so frequently as hath of late been done all considerable Bills of Publick concernment once read in either House of Parliament may before they be passed be exposed to the view of all comers as antiently among the Romans was usual to the end that any other person besides those of the two Houses may within the space of certain days freely propose in Writing or otherwise his exceptions additions alterations or amendments Sed haec obiter When those things for which the Parliament was summoned have been sufficiently treated and brought to a conclusion then the King doth usually adjourn prorogue or dissolve the Parliament in maner following The adjournments are usually made in the Lords House by the Lord Keeper in the Kings Name to what other day the King pleaseth and also to what other place if he think fit to remove them as sometimes hath been done and then all things already debated and read in one or both Houses continue to the next meeting in the same state they were in before the adjournment and so may be resumed In the like maner the Parliament is Prorogued but by a Prorogation there is a Session and then the Bills that were almost ready in both Houses for the Royal Assent not having it must at the reassembling of the Parliament begin anew The Speaker of the House of Commons upon notice given that it is the Kings pleasure that House shall also adjourn doth say with the assent of the House This House is adjourned When the Kings pleasure is to prorogue or dissolve the Parliament His Majesty commonly cometh in person with His Crown on his Head sendeth for all the House of Commons to come to the Bar of the Lords House and after the Kings answer to each Bill signified as aforementioned His Majesty usually makes a Solemn Speech the Lord Keeper another and the Speaker of the House of Commons a third then the Lord Keeper by the special command of the King doth pronounce the Parliament prorogued or dissolved Note That the King being head of the Parliament if his death doth happen during the sitting of the Parliament it is ipso facto dissolved Antiently after every Session of Parliament the King commanded every Sheriff to proclaim the several Acts and to cause them to be duly observed yet without that Proclamation the Law intended that every one hath notice by his representative of what is transacted in Parliament of later times since Printing became common that Custom hath been laid aside The Number of Persons that have have Place and Suffrage in both Houses To the Lords House belong 3 Dukes of the Royal Blood though one be infra aetatem 7 other Dukes 3 Marquises 56 Earls 9 Vicounts and 67 Barons in all 154. Then there are two Archbishops and 24 Bishops so that the Total is 180. But many being under age some sick and infirm others abroad in the Kings Service the ordinary number is about 100. To the House of Commons belong first for the 40 Shires of England two for each in all 80 Knights then one for each of the twelve Counties of Wales 12 Knights For 25 Cities in England two to each and London four in all 52 Citizens For the Cinque Ports 16 Barons for the two Universities two Burgesses for each For 168 Burroughs there are about 330 Burgesses for some few of those Burroughs send but one Burgess apiece Lastly in each of the 12 Counties of Wales there is one Burrough that sends only one Burgess so the total Number of the House of
hand is an Officer who ingrosseth Fines acknowledged c. He holdeth his Place also by Patent and is at present Mr. Sparks in trust for Sir William Drake who doth execute it by a Deputy Mr. Wayt. All these Officers aforementioned sit in the Court covered with black round knit Caps according to the mode immediately before the invention of Hats which was since the beginning of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth Moreover they are all sworn and have their Offices for life as a Freehold There are in this Court 3 Officers unsworn and hold their Places durante bene placito One Clerk of the Treasury Mr. George Ingram who hath the charge of keeping the Records of this Court and makes out all Records of Nisi Prius and divers other things This Office is in the Gift of the Lord Chief Justice 2. Clerk of the Inrolements of Fines and Recoveries who is by Statute under the three puisne Judges of this Court and removeable at their pleasure Note that the Inrolement of Fines and Recoveries or any part thereof by Stat 23 Eliz. cap. 3. is of as good force and validity in Law to all intents and purposes for so much of any of them so inrolled as the same being extant and remaining were or ought by Law to be The general neglect whereof in this Kingdom hath occasioned many Law Suits and hath proved in process of time exceeding dangerous to many mens Estates 3. The Clerk of the Outlawries Mr. Annuel who makes out the Writs of Capias Utlagatum after the Outlawry in the name of the Kings Atturney whose Deputy he is pro tempore There are five Clerks more 1. Clerk of the Kings Silver Henry Nurse Esquire unto whom every Fine or Final Agreement in sale of Lands is brought after it hath been with the Custos Brevium and to whom Money is paid for the Kings use 2. Clerk of the Warrants Mr· Thomas Brown executed by a Deputy Mr. James Mayo who entreth all Warrants of Atturney for Plaintiff and Defendant 3. Clerk of the Juries Mr. John Green who makes out the Writs called Habeas Corpora and Distringas for appearance of the Jury either in this Court or at the Assises in the Country 4. Clerk of the Essoins or Excuses for lawful cause of absence Mr. Townley 5. Clerk of the Super sedeas Mr. Abbot which is held by Patent but before King James time made by the Exchequer In this Court are also Filazers for the several Counties of England so called from the French Fil a Thred because they file their Writs These make out all Process upon Original Writs and do many other things too long to be here set down of these there are 14. viz. Fabian Philips Esquire who hath London Middlesex Huntington and Cambridge Shires The rest of the Counties are divided amongst these that follow Sir Roger Hill Henry Dutton Spicer Grey Fr. Hill Robert Child Charles Clare Sir Thomas Stringer Thomas Child Bennet Mark Hildesley Herbert Matthews and Hughes who is Protonatory Filazer and Exigenter of Monmouth by Patent the rest in the Gift of the Lord Chief Justice and hold for life There are also four Exigenters whose Office it is to make all Exigents and Proclamations in all Actions where process of Outlawry doth lye This Writ is called an Exigent because it exacteth the Party that is requireth his appearance to answer the Law and lies against a Transgressor of the Law that cannot be found nor any of his Goods within the County so that after summons by the Sheriff at five several County Courts if he appear not he is outlawed The four Exigenters at present are William Petty John Dawling Charles Clare and Silvester Petty all in the Gift of the Lord Chief Justice and are for life There are also belonging to this Court four Cryers and a Porter Of the Court called the Exchequer THe next Court for Execution of Laws is that called the Exchequer so called as some think from a Chequer-wrought Carpet covering the great Table in that Court as the Court of Green Cloth in the Kings house is so called from the Green Carpet or else from the French word Eschequier a Chess board because the Accomptants in that Office were wont to use such Boards in their Calculation Here are tryed all causes which belong to the Kings Treasury or Revenue as touching Accounts Disbursements Customs and all Fines imposed upon any man In this Court may sit the Lord Treasurer the Chancellor of the Exchequer the Lord Chief Baron and four other Learned Judges called Barons of the Exchequer and one other Cursitor Baron but the two first seldom sit and the five last Seldom fail The first of these five is the Principal Judge of this Court and answers the Bar or the Baristers who direct their Speech to him takes Recognizances for the Kings Debts c. It is an Office of High Honour and Profit he is styled Lord Chief Baron is Created by Letters Patents to hold this Dignity Quam dieu bene se gesserit wherein he hath a more fixed estate then the Chief Justices of either Bench for the Law intends this an Estate for Life in the absence of the Lord Chief Baron the other three Barons supply his place according to their Seniority but the fifth is said to be a Cursitor of the Court and administers the Oaths to the Sheriffs Under-Sheriffs Baylifs Searchers Surveyors c. of the Custom-house In the Exchequer are held two Courts one of Law another of Equity All Judicial Proceedings according to Law are coram Baronibus but the Court of Equity held in the Exchequer Chamber is coram Thesaurario Cancellario Baronibus This Court had its beginning primo Ph. Mar. The Authority of this Court is of original jurisdiction without any Commission Note also that all the other forementioned Courts were not Instituted by any Statute or written Law but have their Original from the antient Custom of the Kingdom For a long time after the Conquest there sat in the Exchequer both Spiritual and Temporal Barons of the Realm and in later times there sate in their places others that were not Peers of the Realm yet stiled Barons quia ibi sedere solebant Barones All the Twelve Judges belonging to these High Tribunals sit in Robes and Square Caps like those Doctors of Divinity because as some say they were antiently most commonly Clergy-men and Doctors Bishops or Prelates A List of the several Officers belonging to His Majesties Court of Exchequer In the Vpper Exchequer THe Kings Remembrancer Thomas Lord Vicount Fanshaw in whose Office are 8 sworn Clerks whereof John Payn and Thomas Hall Esquires at present are the two Secondaries the rest are Ansel Beaumont Hugh Frankland Butler Buggin George Wats Nicholas Sanders c. In this Office pass all the Accounts concerning the Kings Revenue for Customs Excise Hearth-money Subsidies and all Ayds granted to the King in Parliament and all other Accounts of what nature soever
are as the Dies Nefâ—sti wherein the Courts sit not so that in one fourth part of the year and that in one City all considerable causes of the greatest part of England are fully decided and determined whereas in forreign parts the Courts of Justice are open all the year except high Holydayes and Harvest and that in all great Cities This may seem therefore strange to all Forreigners till they know that the English have alwayes been given more to peaceableness and industry then other people and that rather then go so far as London and be at so great Charges with Attourneyes and Lawyers they will either refer their differences to the Arbitration of their Parish Priests who do or ought to think it a Principal part of their Duty to reconcile differences within their Parishes or to the Arbitration of honest Neighbours or else are content to submit their differences to tryal before the Judges of Assises or the Itinerant Judges who twice a year viz. after the end of Hilary Term and after the end of Trinity Term two by two of these principal Judges ride several Circuits and at the Principal Town of every County sit to hear and determine all Causes of lesser moment both civil and criminal a most excellent wise Constitution begun by King Hen. 2. Anno 1176. who at first divided England into six Circuits not the same that are now and to each Circuit allotted three judges Wales also is divided into two Circuits North and South Wales for which are designed in like manner two Sergeants at Law for each Circuit These Judges give Judgment of the Pleas of the Crown and all Common Pleas within those Counties dispatching ordinarily in two or three days all Controversies in a County that are grown to issue in the fore-mentioned Courts at London between Plaintiffs and Defendants and that by their Peers a Jury of 12 men ex viceneto out of the neighbourhood where about the business lyes So that twice a year in England and Wales Justice may be said to be rightly and speedily administred even at our own doors Besides the forementioned Courts at Westminster Henry 8. erected for the more ease of the Subject a Court in the North of England another for the County of Wales and Counties adjoyning and intended another for Cornwall and Devonshire and these in manner of those Courts called in France Parlements where all cases might be decided both according to the Laws of England and according to equity in Chancery Of these Courts that for Cornwal was never fully erected those people desiring rather to come to London for Justice that of the North was by the late long Parliament taken away and so was that of Wales but this last since the Restauration of the King again erected Of this Court or Council of the Marshes of Wales is a Lord President at present the Lord Vaughan Earl of Carbury divers Councellors Secretary Attourney Sollicitor Surveyor who have Salaries from His Majesty HAving given a brief Account of the Civil Government of all England in General next shall be described the particular Government of Counties Hundreds Cities Burroughs and Villages For the Civil Government of all Counties the King makes choice of some of the Nobility Clergy Gentry and Lawyers men of worth and parts who have their usual residence in the County so many as His Majesty pleaseth to keep the Peace of the County and these by Commission under the great Seal are called Justices of Peace and such of them in whom the King doth more particularly confide or respect are called Justices of the Quorum from those words in the Commission Quorum A. B. unum esse volumus that is some business of more importance may not be transacted without the presence or concurrence of one of them One of the principal Justices of Peace and Quorum is by the Lord Keeper made Custos Rotulorum so called because he hath the Custody of the Rolls or Records of the Sessions and is to bring them to each Quarter Sessions The Original of Justices of Peace is from the first year of Edward 3. Their Office is to call before them examine and commit to Prison all Theeves Murderers wandring Rogues those that hold Conspiracies Conventicles Riots and almost all other Delinquences that may occasion the breach of Peace and quiet to the Kings Subjects to commit all such to prison as either cannot or by Law are not to be bailed that is cannot be set at liberty by Sureties taken for their appearance at a place and time certain land to see them brought forth in due time to Tryal Every Quarter or three months the Justices meet at the chief or Shire Town where the Grand Enquest or Jury of the County is summoned to appear who upon Oath are to inquire of all Traitors Hereticks Theeves Murderers Money-coiners Riots c Those that appear to be guilty are by the said Justices committed to prison to be tryed at the next Assises when the Judges of Westminster come their Circuits aforementioned For execution of Laws in every County except Westmorland and Durham the King every Michaelmas Term nominates for each County a Sheriff that is a Reeve of the Shire Praepositus or Praefectus Comitatus a Governor or Guardian of the County for the words of the Patent are Commisimus tibi Custodiam Commitatus nostri de N. The Sheriffs Office is to execute the Kings Mandates and all Writs directed to him out of the Kings Courts to empannel Juries to bring Causes and Criminals to Tryal to see the sentences both in Civil and Criminal affairs executed to wait on and guard the Itenerant Judges twice a year so long as they continue within the County which at the Assises is performed with great Pomp Splendor Feasting c In order to the better execution of his Office the Sheriff hath attendant his Under-Sheriff divers clerks Stewards of Courts Bayliffs of Hundreds Constables Gaolers Sergeants or Beedles besides a gallant train of servants in rich Liveries all on Horseback at the Reception of the Judges He was antiently chosen as Knights of the Shire but to avoid Tumults it is now thus Every year about the beginning of November the Judges Itinerant nominate six fit men of each County that is Kts. or Esquires of good Estates out of these the Lords Keeper Treasurer Privy Councellors and 12 Judges assembled in the Exchequer Chamber and sworn make choice of three of which the King himself after chooseth one to be Sheriff for that year only though heretofore it was for many years and sometimes heriditary as at this day to the Cliffords who by dissent from Robert de Vipont are Sheriffs heriditary of the County of Westmoreland by Charter from King John Furthermore the Sheriffs Office is to collect all publick profits Customes Taxes of the County all Fines Distresses and Amerceaments and to bring them into the Kings Exchequer or Treasury at London or else where as the King shall appoint The
following are a few heads or particulars of them viz. The Leagues of foreign Princes and the Treaties with them And all the Atchievements of this Nation in France and other Foreign Parts The Original of all the Laws that have been Enacted or Recorded until the Reign oi Richard the Third The Homage and Dependency of Scotland upon England The Establishment of Ireland in Laws and Dominions The Dominion of the British Seas totally excluding both the French and Hollander to Fish therein without Licence from England proved by Records before the Conquest The Interest of the Isle of Man and the Isles of Jersey Gernsey Sark and Alderny which four last are the remaining part of the Norman possession The Title to the Realm of France and how obtained And all that the Kings or Princes of this Land have until that time done abroad or granted or confirmed unto their Subjects at home or abroad Tenures of all the Lands in England Extents or Surveys of Mannors and Lands Inquisitions post mortem being of infinite advantage upon tryals of Interest or Descent Liberties and Priviledges granted to Cities and Towns Corporate or to private Men as Court-Leets Waiffs Estrays Mercats Fairs Free warren Felons Goods or what else could come to the Crown or pass out of it Several Writs Pleadings and Proceedings as well in Chancery as in all the Courts of Common Law and Exchequer Inspeximus's and Inrolments of Charters and Deeds made and done before the Conquest Deeds and Contracts between party and party and the just establishment of all the Offices in the Nation The Metes and Bounds of all the Forests in England with the several respective Rights of the Inhabitants therein to Common of Pasture c. Besides many other Priviledges and Evidences which are too long to be here repeated or inserted And are therefore in the Petition of the Commons of England in Parliament An. 46 Edw. 3. num 43. said to be the perpetual Evidence of every Mans right and the Records of this Nation without which no story of the Nation can be written or proved These Records are reposited within a certain Place or Tower called Wakefield Tower adjoyning to the Bloody Tower near Traytors Gate There is another place called Julius Caesars Chappel in the White Tower The going up to this Chappel is in Gold Harbor Eighty four Steps up with Six or eight great Pillars on each side and at the upper end thereof there was a Marble Altar which in the late times of Rebellion was caused to be beaten down as a Monument of Tyranny and Superstition There are many Cart load of Records lying in this place out of which William Prynne Esquire late Keeper of the same with indefatigable labor Collected and Printed many of Publick Utility Annis 1659 1660 1662 1664. in Four several Volumes beginning Primo Regis Johannis for before that time there are no Rolls but onely Chartae Antiquae or Ancient Transcripts made and done before and since the Conquest until the beginning of King John Then follows His Son Henry the Third where the first Offices Post Mortem begins Then there is Edward the First Second and Third Richard the Second Henry the Fourth Henry the Fifth Henry the Sixth and Edward the Fourth and the Inquisitions Post Mortem of Richard the Third who reigned onely Three years The Rolls of that King are in the Chappel of the Rolls in Chancery Lane The Rolls in the Tower are variously distinguished viz. Rotuli Patentium Cartarum Parliamentorum Clausarum finium Scotiae Vasconiae Franciae Hiberniae Walliae Normanniae Alemanniae Oblatae Liberatae Extractae Perambulationes Forestae Scutag Rotul Marescal Romae de Treugis Chart. Patent fact in partibus transmarinis Patent de Domibus Judaeorum Protection de Perdonation c. Stapulae cum multis aliis which are lately depicted upon the outside of every Press in the Repository belonging to each Kings Reign and very easily to be brought forth for the use of the Client By a Table of Orders hanging up in the said Office and subscribed by the Keeper hereof The same is to be kept open and constantly attended for all Resorters thereto from the hours of Seven till eleven of the Clock in the Morning and from One till five in the Afternoon every day of the week except in the Moneths of December January and February and in them from Eight till eleven in the morning and from One to four in the Afternoon except on Holidays Publick Fasting and Thanksgiving days and times of great Pestilence The Governor of this great and important Fortress being called The Lieutenant of the Tower is usually a Person of great worth and fidelity who is Virtute Officii to be in Commission of the Peace for the Counties of Kent Surrey and Middlesex He is High Steward of a Court there held hath a Deputy and may refuse an Habeas Corpus may give Protection to all Debtors belonging to the Tower Infra Regnum Angliae Hath the Priviledge to take Unam lagenam Two Gallons and a Pint Antâ— malum retro of all Wine Ships that come and to be as some hold Custos Rotulorum of the County of Middlesex His Salary is 200 l. per annum His usual Fee for every Prisoner sent to the Tower who are commonly Men of Estates is 20 l. and 3 l a week for an Esquire and 5 l. for a Knight For a Baron or above 50 l. at entrance to whom the King allows weekly 10 l. whereof two parts go to the Prisoner the third to the Lieutenant for Lodgings and Diet and 50 l. to the Lieutenant upon the Prisoners discharge The present Lieutenant of the Tower is Sir John Robinson Baronet The Gentleman Porter of the Tower holds his place by Patent and at the entrance of a Prisoner hath for his Fee Vestimenta superiora or else a Composition for the same The Gentleman Jaylor is put in by the Lieutenant of the Tower his Fee is 41 s. of a Gentleman and 5 l. of a Knight Then there are Forty Warders of the Tower accounted the Kings Domestick Servants and sworn by the Lord Chamberlain of His Majesties Houshold or by the Clerk of the Check The Moneys allowed by the King to the several Officers and Servants in the Tower and for keeping in repair that huge structure amounts to a vast sum Near the Tower is S. Katherines which hath a Royal Jurisdiction for the Ecclesiastical Causes and Probate of Wills and belongeth to the Queen Dr. Bud is Commissary from whom if any will appeal it must be to the King in His Court of Chancery who thereupon issueth out a Commission under the Great Seal as in Appeals from the Arches or Prerogative The next thing remarkable in the City of London may be the Bridge which for admirable Workmanship for vastness of Foundation for all Dimensions and for the solid stately Houses and rich Shops built thereon surpasseth all others in Europe it hath Nineteen
coming in not too late This office is now kept in Bishopsgate-street Of the Kings great Wardrobe THis Office was usually kept within the City near Puddle Wharfe in an antient House built by Sir John Beauchamp Son to Guy de Beauchamp Earl of Warwick and afterward sold to King Edward the Third The Master or Keeper of the Great Wardrobe is an office of great Antiquity and Dignity High Privileges and Immunities were conferred by Henry the Sixth and confirmed by his successors King James enlarged the same and ordained that this Great Officer should be an incorporation or Body Politique for ever His Office is to make Provisions for Coronations Marriages and Funerals to furnish the Court with Beds Hangings Carpets and other necessaries to furnish Houses for Ambassadors at their first arrival here Presents for Foreign Princes and Ambassadors Cloaths of Estate and other furniture for the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland Lord President of Wales and all His Majesties Ambassadors abroad to provide all Robes for Foreign Knights of the Garter for the Officers of the Garter Coats for Heralds and Pursuivants at Arms Robes for the Lord Chancellor Lord Treasurer c. Rich Liveries for the two Lords Chief Justice all the Barons of the Exchequor divers Officers in those Courts all Liveries for His Majesties domestick servants all Linnen for the Kings person c. To defray all the forementioned charges ordinarily there is expended yearly about twenty five thousand pounds besides all Extraordinaries as Coronations Funerals c. This Office is at present enjoyed by Edward Montague Earl of Sandwich one of His Majesties most Honourable Privy Council and Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter The present Salary to his Lordship in compensation of all other antient Fees and Allowances is yearly 2000 l. The said House near Puddle Wharfe was long ago annext for ever to the Master of this Office but since the great Fire this Office is kept in the Savoy The chief Officers under the Master are a Deputy Thomas Townsend Senior Esq his Salary 200 l. and a Clerk Thomas Townsend Junior Esq whose Salary in compensation of all Fees and Allowances is yearly 300 l. Both these Officers had likewise fair dwelling houses which were also consumed by the fire Belonging to this Office are divers Tradesmen Artificers and others to the number of about 40 all sworn Servants to the King To this Office have lately been added by Patent during pleasure two cousiderable Officers viz. a Controuler Andrew Newport Esquire Brother to the Lord Newport and a Surveyour Colonel Bullen Reymes whose Salaries are 300 l. yearly to each one Of the Colledges in London THe Famous City of LONDON may not unfitly be stiled an University for therein are taught all Liberal Arts and Sciences not onely Divinity Civil Law Physick which in other Universities are usual are read here but also the Municipal or Common Law of the Nation is here taught and Degrees taken therein which can be said in no other Nation Moreover all sorts of Languages Geography Hydography the Art of Navigation the Art of Fortification Anatomy Chirurgery Chymistry Calligraphy Brachygraphy or Short-Hand the Arts of Riding Fencing Dancing Art Military Fire-works Limming Painting Enamelling Sculpture Architecture Heraldry all sorts of Musick Arithmetick Geometry Astronomy Grammar Rhetorick Poetry and any other thing that may any way contribute to the accomplishment of an ingenious Nobleman or Gentleman The Colledges of Municipal or Common-Law Professors and Students are 14 called still Innes the old English word for Houses of Noblemen or Bishops or of extraordinary note and which is of the same signification with the French word Hostel at Paris There are Two Inns of Sergeants Four Inns of Court and Eight Inns of Chancery The Inns of Chancery were probably so named because there dwelt such Clerks as did chiefly study the forming of Writs which regularly appertain to the Cursitors that are Officers of Chancery The first of these is called Thavies Inn begun in the Reign of Edward the Third and since purchased by Lincolns Inn as was also Furnivals Inn then there is Bernards Inn New Inn Clements Inn Cliffords Inn antiently the House of the Lord Clifford Staple Inn belonging to the Merchants of the Staple and Lyons Inn antiently a common Inn with the Sign of the Lyon These were heretofore preparatory Colledges for younger Students and many were entred here before admitted into the Inns of Court Now they are for the most part taken up by Atturneys Sollicitors and Clerks who have here their Chambers apart and their Dyet at a very easy rate in a Hall together where they are obliged to appear in grave long Robes and black round knit Caps These Colledges belong all to some Inns of Court who send yearly some of their Barresters to read to to these In these Inns of Chancery one with another may be about Sixty persons The Innes of Court were so named as some think because the Students therein are to serve the Courts of Judicature or else because antiently these Colledges received onely the Sons of Noble men and better sort of Gentlemen as Fortescue affirmeth Of these there are Four First The Two Temples heretofore the dwelling of the Knights Templers and purchased by some Professors of the Common Law above Three hundred years ago They are called The Inner and Middle Temple in relation to Essex House which was a part of the Knights Templers and called The Utter Temple because it is seated without Temple Bar. The two other Inns of Court are Lincolns Inn belonging anciently to the Earls of Lincoln and Greys Inn belonging to the Noble Family of the Greys In the Reign of Henry the Sixth they so flourished that there were in each of these about Two hundred Students and a Student then expended yearly about 20 l. Which was as much as Two hundred pounds now for they had usually as the French Nobles have now in their Academies every one an old discreet Servant and divers Masters for to instruct them in all laudable qualities and therefore saith the same Fortescue Ultra Studium legum sunt quasi Gymnasia omnium morum And the Students were onely saith he Nobilium Filii that is Gentlemen at least for so the word Nobilis was then taken here and is still in France And therefore by command of King James none were to be admitted into these Colledges but Gentlemen by descent Our Ancestors thought those of inferior rank would rather debase the honor of the Law and would be prone to chicane or play tricks and not like to be so fit for Trusts and Honors whereas the consideration of Birth and Fortune makes Men more careful of their Honor and Reputation These Societies are no Corporations nor have any Judicial Power over their Members but have certain Orders among themselves which have by consent the Force of Laws For lighter offences they are onely excommoned or put out of Commons not to eat with the rest and
of a Sergeant is altered his long Robe and Cap his Hood and Coif are the same but there is besides a Cloak put over him and closed on his right shoulder and instead of a Caputium lined with Lambskin now a Caputium lined with Minever or de Minuto vario divers small pieces of white rich Furre Note that to the two Sergeants Innes belong the Twelve Judges and about Twenty six Sergeants Antiently the Fee expected by a Sergeant from his Client for Advice given at his Chamber or for pleading in any Court of Judicature was no more then Twenty shillings and the Fee of a Barister Ten shillings which yet is much more then is usually given in any of our neighbour Nations at this day but at present it is become almost ordinary to give some Setgeants Ten pound and sometimes Twenty pound and to a Barister half as much at the hearing of any considerable Cause whereby it comes to pass that some Lawyers in one year gain in Fees Three thousand pounds and some Four thousand pounds and in few years purchase Estates fit for Lords and sometimes live to see themselves advanced to be Peers of the Realm as the late Lord Keepers Coventry Finch and others Now all these forementioned Innes or Colledges for the Students in our Common law being not far distant one from another do make the most famous Profession of the Law that is in the World and it will be a very difficult thing to find in any one Forreign University so many Students of the Law that are of that ripe age past Childhood and of that high quality most Gentlemen and a considerable number of the Sons of the higher Nobility Of the Colledge of Civilians called Doctors Commons ALthough Degrees in the Civil Law may be had onely in Oxford and Cambridge and the Theory best there to be acquired yet the Practice thereof is most of all in London where a Colledge was long since purchased by Dr. Henry Harvey Dean of the Arches for the Professors of the Civil Law in this City and where commonly did reside the Judge of the Arches the Judge of the Admiralty and the Judge of the Prerogative Court with divers other eminent Civilians who there living for Diet and Lodging in a Collegiate manner and Commoning together it was usually known by the name of Doctors Commons and stood near S. Pauls in the Parish of S. Bennets Pauls-Wharf which being consumed by the late dreadful Fire they now all reside at Exeter House in the Strand in the same manner until their House be rebuilt and keep there their several Courts and Pleadings every Term which begins and ends almost at the same time with the Term at Westminster The cheif Court of the Archbishop is that of the Arches whereof see more in the Chapter of the Ecclesiastical Government of England The Principal Official or Judge of this Court is stiled Dean of the Arches and is at present Sir Giles Sweit Knight Doctor of Laws He fitteth alone without any Assessors and heareth and determineth all Causes without any Jury of Twelve Men as is necessary in Common Law Courts To this Court belongeth an Actuary a Register and a Beadle The Office of the Actuary is to attend the Court set down the Judges Decrees Register the Acts of the Court and send them in Books to the Registry This Office is enjoyed by John Clements Batchelor of Laws and Publick Notary The Register of the Court is another of the same name whose Office is by himself or Deputy to attend the Court receive all Libels or Bills Allegations and Exhibets examines all Witnesses Files all Sentences and keeps the Records of the Court. The Beadle attends the Court carrieth a Mace before the Judge and calls the Persons cited to appear Those that are allowed to be Advocates and plead in this Court are all to be Doctors of the Civil Law in one of our English Universities who upon their Petition to the Archbishop of Canterbury and his Fiat obtained are admitted by the Judge of this Court upon condition not to practice for one whole year after such admittance The manner of their Admittance is thus The Two Senior Advocates in their Scarlet Robes with the Mace before them conduct him up to the Court with three low Reverences and present him with a short Latin Speech and the Rescript of the Archbishop Then the Oaths of Allegiance Supremacy and some other prescribed in the Statute of the Arches being taken he is admitted by the Judge and a place or seat in the Court assigned unto him which he is always to keep when he pleads The Judge and all the Advocates in this Court always wear their Scarlet Robes with Hoods lined with Taffata if they be of Oxford or White Minever Fur if of Cambridge and all round Black Velvet-Caps Here followeth a Catalogue of the Names of all the Advocates according to Seniority not Precedence DOctor Martin Dr. Heath Dr. King Chancellor of Ely Dr. Lewen Knight Master of Chancery Dr. Aldern Chancellor of Rochester Dr. Wiseman Knight Kings Advocate Dr. Chaworth Knight Vicar-General to the Archbishop of Canterbury Dr. Walker Knight Advocate to the Lord High Admiral Dr. Pepys Dr. Mills Chancellor of Norwich Dr. Crusoe Dr. Baldwin Knight Master of Chancery and Chancellor of Worcester and Hereford Dr. Nicholson Chancellor of Glocester Dr. Lowen Dr. Wake Chancellor of Peterborough Dr. Watkinson Dr. Birkenhead Knight Master of Request and Master of the Faculties Dr. Warren Dr. Bud Commissary of Huntingdon Dr. Alworth Chancellor of Oxford Dr. Jones Dr. Exton Chancellor of London Dr. Hughs Dr. Lloyd Commissary of Westminster Dr. Boucher Dr. Masters Chancellor of Exeter Dr. Clark Professor of Law in Cambridge Dr. Leighton Knight Dr. Digby Dr. Low Dr. Trumbal Dr. Falconbridge Dr. Pinfold Official of the Archdeacon of London Dr. Elliot Chancellor of Salisbury Dr. Raims Dr. Briggs Chancellor of Chichester Dr. Oldys Dr. Meal There we divers other Civilians whereof some not Advocates of this Court are Chancellors to Bishops or Commissaries as Sir Mundiford Brampstone Knight Doctor of Laws and Chancellor of Winchester Dr. Burrel Chancellor of Durham Sir Edward Lake Knight Doctor of Laws and Chancellot of Lincoln Dr. Dean Chancellor of Bath and Wells Dr. Wainwright Chancellor of Chester Dr. Jones Chancellor of Bristol Chancellor of Carlisle Rowland Nicols B. D. Mr. Awbery Chancellor of S. Davids Dr. Pennington Chancellor of Bangor Dr. Powell Chancellor of S. Asaph Here note That before the Vicar-General or Chancellors of the Bishops are Tryable all Ecclesiastical Causes within their respective Diocesses except Letters of Request are granted by the Diocesan Bishop to the Party to sue in the Court of Arches which is ordinary Note also That the Vicars-Generals and Chancellors are appointed by the respective Archbishops and Bishops by Letters Patents under their Seals and confirmed by the Dean and Chapter of the respective Cathedrals before which Confirmation those places are Durante bene