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A20577 The history of the ancient and moderne estate of the principality of Wales, dutchy of Cornewall, and earldome of Chester Collected out of the records of the Tower of London, and diuers ancient authours. By Sir Iohn Dodridge Knight, one of his Maiesties iudges in the Kings Bench. And by himselfe dedicated to King Iames of euer blessed memory. Doddridge, John, Sir, 1555-1628. 1630 (1630) STC 6982; ESTC S109765 59,203 160

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yeere of his raigne did after wards by his Charter bearing date at Westminster the fifteenth day of March in the thirty two yeere of his raigne created Edward his sonne borne at Westminster by one and the selfesame patent to be both Prince of Wales and Earle of Chester and inuested him therin with the vsuall ensignes of that dignitie as had beene in former time accustomed To haue and to hold the said dignities to him and his heires Kings of England which Charter is recited in the Act of Parliament made for the confirmation thereof by Parliament holden at Westminster the ninth day of Iuly in the three and thirtieth yeere of the raigne of the same King In which act of Parliament is also recited another Charter likewise confirmed by the said Parliament whereby the said King did giue vnto the said Prince the said Principalitie of VVales together with all his Lordships and Lands Castles and Tenements by speciall names aboue mentioned and in the former Charters granted and conuaied to the former Princes and the said fee Farmes and Rents of 113. l. 6. s. 8. d. out of the Lordship and towne of Buelt and the said 56. l. 13. s. 4. d. out of the Lordship Castle and Towne of Montgomery likewise mentioned in the Charters of the former Prince To haue and to hold the same to him and his heires Kings of England By the same act of Parliament also it was enacted because the said Prince was then of tender yeeres there was assigned vnto him a certaine number of seruants to attend on him according to his estate and dignity which should beat dyet in the Kings house vntill the said Prince should accomplish the age of fourteene yeeres and that the King should haue all such summes of money as should cleerely remaine vnto the Prince due of all manner issues and reuenues which the Prince then had in respect of his said Principalitie Dutchie and Earledome vntill the said age of fourteene yeeres the said Reuenues to be accounted for to the King in his Exchequer reseruing vnto the said Prince vntill he should come to be of the age of eight yeeres a thousand pound yeerely and from that age till he come to fourteene yeeres two thousand markes yeerely for his wardrobes wages of seruants and other necessarie expences But sauing alwaies vnto the King the Aduousons of Bishoprickes and spirituall liuings and the gifts of all offices wards releefes and escheats belonging to the said Prince vntill he should accomplish the said age of fourteen yeeres sauing such estate in certaine of the said lands as the Queene had to her before the said time assured vnto the said Prince should be of the said age of fourteene yeeres and sauing certaine particular summes of money in the said Act of Parliament mentioned as were formerly appointed out of the said Lands as well for expence of the Kings of England for their houshold as otherwise during such particular times as are therein declared prouided that all offices formerly granted by the King and needing actuall exercise and the fees due to the same should not be preiudiced by the said Act. Afterwards by another Charter the said King doth release vnto the said Prince all the said grant of the said yeerely summes of money issuing out of the reuenues aforesaid and all things by the said Act granted and appointed vnto the said King reseruing onely for the same vnto the said King yeerely fiue hundred twenty seauen markes foure shillings seauen pence halfepenny to be issuing out of the said Principality and Earledome and feauen hundred sixty seauen markes eleuen shillings seauen pence halfepenny yeerely out of the said Dutchy vntill the said Prince should be of eight yeeres of age then reseruing out of the said Principality and Earledome yeerely vnto the King two hundred seuenty seuen markes foure shillings seuen pence halfe penny and out of the said Dutchy yeerely fiue hundred and seuenteene markes eleuen shillings seauen pence halfe penny vntill the said age of fourteene yeeres of the Prince for the said Dutchy and to be imployed towards the charges of the Kings houshold and not otherwise And the said King by his Letters Patents dated the eighteenth of Ianuary in the fiue and thirtieth yeare of his raigne during the minority of the said Prince ordained the then Archbishop of Yorke the then Bishop of VVinchester Hereford Couentry and Lichfield and the Lord Keeper of the priuie Seale the Earles of Shrewesbury Stafford and VViltes the then Viscount Beamont and also Iohn Sutton and Thomas Stanley Knights to be of the priuie Councell vnto the said Prince enioyning all Officers and Ministers of the said Prince that they and euery of them should be obedient in the execution of all Commandements and Warrants of the said Councellors or at the least soure of them together with the assent and consent of the Queene in all causes and matters concerning the titles rights possessions and interests of the said Prince and that the said Commandements and Warrants should be as auaileable in that behalfe as if the same had beene made or done by the said Prince himselfe being of full age which Commandement in all Leases of the said Princes inheritance was pursued accordingly In the nine and thirtieth yeere of the said King Henry the Sixts raigne he being of the house of Lancaster such is the mutability and so vnstable are all humane things that the said King being a man as the times then were deuout and religious the founder of Schooles and Colledges vertuous and a louer of peace was by the violence of the heires of the house of Yorke put from his kingdome and committed to prison and Edward Earle of March sonne and heire to Richard Duke of Yorke raigned in his stead by the name of King Edward the Fourth But yet behold the hand of God for in the tenth yeere of the said King Edward the Fourth vpon discontentment conceiued against him by Richard Earle of VVarwicke a man more popular and potent then was fit for a Subiect the said Richard with a collected power so pressed the King that he was driuen to flye the Realme and to seeke forraigne aide seeing his homebred subiects proued so vnfaithfull Then King Henry the Sixt after tenne yeeres imprisonment readepted the kingdome and in the said tenth yeere of King Edward the Fourth wrote the fortie ninth yeere of his raigne hauing indured tenne yeeres intermission in the computation of his time as appeareth in the bookes of Law of that age But being thus seated he was yet vnsetled and after much effusion of bloud for in a ciuill warre there is no true victory in as much as he that preuaileth is also a looser King Henry the Sixt was compelled againe to giue place to his aduersary and after to make that part sure was depriued of life hauing lost also Edward his sonne Prince before spoken of the hope of all his posterity in the battell of Tewkesbury
any greater number In euery of the said Shires where the said Commission of the Peace is established There is also a Clarke of the Peace for the entring and ingrossing of all proceedings before the said Iustices and this Officer is appointed by the Custos Rotulorum Euery of the said Shires hath his Sheriffe which word being of the Saxon English is as much to say as a Sbire Reeue or minister or Bayliffe of the Countie his Function or Office is two fold Ministeriall or Iudiciall As touching his Ministeriall office he is the Minister and executioner of all the proces and precepts of the Courts of Law and thereof ought to make return or certificate And as touching his Iudiciall office he hath authority to hold two seuerall Courts of distinct natures the one called the Tourne because he keepeth a Tourne or Circuit about his shire holding the same in seuerall places wherein he doth inquire of all offences perpetrated against the Common Law and not forbidden by any Statute or Act of Parliament And the Iurisdiction of this Court is deriued from Iustice distributiue and is for criminall offences The other is called the County Court where he doth determine all petty and small causes Ciuill vnder the value of forty shillings arising within the said County and thereof it is called the Countie Court And the iutisdiction of this Court is drawne from Iustice Commutatiue and is held euery moneth The office of the Sheriffe is Annuall and by the Statute of 34. h. 8. it is ordained that the Lord President Councell and Iustices of Wales or three of them at the least where of the President to be one shall yeerely nominate three fit persons for that office of whom the Kings Maiestie may elect and chose one who thereupon shall haue his Patent and be Sheriffe of the said shire Euery of the said Shires hath an Officer called an Escheator which is an officer to attend the Kings reuenue and to seaze into his Maiesties hands all lands either escheated goods or lands for seited and therefore he is called Escheator and he is to enquire by good enquest of the death of the Kings Tenants and to whom their lands are descended and to seaze their bodies and lands for ward if they be within age and is accountable for the same And this Officer in Wales is named by the Lord Treasurer of England by the aduice of the Lord President Councell and Iustices or three of them at the least whereof the Lord President to be one There are also in euery of the said shires two Officers called Coroners they are to enquire by inquest in what manner and by whom euery person dying of a violent death came to his death and to enter the same of Record which is matter criminall and a plea of the Crowne and thereof they are called Coroners or Crowners as one hath written because their enquiries ought to be publique in corona populi These Officers are chosen by the Free-holders of the Shire by vertue of a Writ out of the Chauncery de Coronatore eligendo and of them I need not to speake more because these Officers are elsewhere Forasmuch as euery shire is diuided into hundreds there are also by the said Statute of 34. h. 8. cap. 26. ordained that two sufficient Gentlemen or Yeomen shall be appointed Constables of euery hundred Also there is in euery Shire one Goale or Prison appointed for the restraint of liberty of such persons as for their offences are therunto committed vntill they shall be deliuered by course of law Finally in euery hundred of euery of the said shires the Sheriffes thereof shall nominate sufficient persons to be Bayliffes of that hundred and Vnderministers of the Sheriffe and they are to attend vpon the Iustices in euery of their Courts and Sessions The Gouernment of the Marches of VVales after the Statutes of an 27. 34. H. 8. BY the said Statute of 34. H. 8. ca. 26. it is further ordayned that the President and Councell in the said Dominion and Principality of Wales and the Marches of the same with all Officers Clarks and incidents thereunto should continue and remaine in manner and forme as was then formerly vsed and accustomed And therefore the said Rowland Lee spoken of before being Lord President of the Councell of the Marches of Wales at the time of the making of the said Statute so continued after the making thereof vntill his death being in the foure and thirtieth yeere of the said King Henry the eight After whom succeeded in the office of the said President Richard Samson Bishop first of Chester and after remoued to Couentry and Litchfield who continued Lord President vntill the second yeere of King Edward the sixt at what time Iohn D●dley then Earle of Warwick and after Duke of Northumberland was President of the said Councell who so continued vntill the fourth yeere of the said King And after him succeeded Sir William Herbert Knight of the noble Order of the Garter and after Earle of Pembrooke who continued President vntill the first yeere of Queene Mary Next succeeded Nicholas Heath then Bishop of Worcester and after Archbishop of Yorke and Lord Chancellor of England And vpon the remouing of the said Archbishop the said Sir William Herbert againe succeded as President of the said Councell vntill the sixt yeere of the said Queene Mary at what time followed him Gilbert Browne Bishop of Bath and VVels who so continued vntill the death of the same Queene In the beginning of the reigne of the late Queene Elizabeth Sir Iohn VVilliams Lord VVilliams of Tame of whom the Lord Norris is descended was appointed President of the said Councell and died the same yeere And after him succeeded Sir Henry Sidney Knight of the noble Order of the Garter whose loue to learning fauour to learned men need not here to be spoken he continued Lord President of Wales about foure and twenty yeeres and six moneths he serued in Ireland eight yeeres and six months being there three seuerall times Lord Deputy generall in that Country During some part of the time of the aboade in Ireland of the said Sir Henry Sidney there serued in Ireland as President or Vice-President Iohn Bishop of VVorcester and now Lord Archbishop of Canterbury After this succeeded Henry Earle of Pembrooke sonne in law to the said Sir Henry Sidney and father to the right honorable the Earle of Pembrooke that now is And after him Edward Lord Zouch now present Lord President of that Councell The President and Councell of the Marches of Wales haue power and authority to heare and determine by their wisdomes and discretions such causes and matters as bee or shall bee assigned to them by the Kings Maiesty and in such manner as shall be so prescribed vnto them by instruction signed with his hand The Councell assisting the Lord Prince consisteth of these the chiefe Iustice of Chester together