Army and all being done to give them for the pains hazzard and charges which the said Army should undergo a due recompence by way of Brotherly Assistance Towards the performance of which agreement though these Grandees did manifest that besides much free Quarter the Scots-Army had monthly received nineteen thousand and seven hundred pounds and for the last year ending ultimo Octobris seventy two thousand nine hundred seventy two pounds two shillings and eleven pence for the Customes and other Impositions upon coals onely the Brethren nevertheless having then the better end of the staff in their hands as being possess'd of the King delivered in unto them an account of Arrears besides losses of no less than a Million of money their free Quarter reckoned but with a kind intimationâ— that they would accept of a less sum in gross for a full discharge of all Whereupon a Committee being appointed to treat with them thereon and times of payment they then stoop'd to the one half viz. five hundred thousand pounds whereof two hundred thousand pounds to be paid upon the departure of their Army and the rest within twelve months Much dispute indeed they had about this business yea some high words but at length four hundred thousand pounds was the sum agree'd on the one half in hand upon delivery up of the King Which sum without more ado stop'd the mouths of those Vultures and put a period to all this hot contest All their Oaths and Obligation whereon they had so much insisted meerly to heighten the price of their Sovereign being then set aside as 't is notoriously known Being therefore thus sold and delivered to the Earls of Pembroke Denbigh and Lord Mountagu of Boughton Sir Iames Harington Sir Iohn Holand Sir Walter Earl Sir Iohn Cook Iohn Crew Esq and Major General Brown Commissioners from the Members at Westminster to be carried to Holdenby-House in Northamptonshire his Majestie hoped that he might have two of his own Chaplains admitted to attend him in this sad and disconsolate condition having not one servant of his own about him but that request would not be granted though again seconded ¶ Thus did the bonny Scots part with their native King leaving those Northern countries miserably beggar'd by many grievous Taxes imposed on them by their Army and most lamentable oppressions by Free-Quarter Which burthens were so heavy that the Inhabitants of Cleveland by their petition to the Members at Westminster and Letter therewith sent complained that their oppressions were greater than those who suffered by the Turks both their persons and Estates those under the Turk being quit for a fifth part whereas they in one year did pay their whole Revenues seven times over We are say they in their Letters the absolutest slaves that ever was read of for they assess us at their pleasures leavy as they please If they bid us go and ride none dare refuse The Kill us in hot bloud beat us in cold c. In a word our stock is already wasted our little corn we had ill gotten in by reason of the great moisture we are now thrashing it for the Scots We are eating our last bread Who have been able to get away are gone c. The perfect Diurnal further adds The Country puts up many complaints Bedall a little Town in Yorkshire of 57 li. old Rent and Ayscough a lesser Village of 42 li. have put up their several complaints that they have in less than five months last past paid to the Scots Army quartering upon them almost two thousand pounds besides former Billettings and Taxes by which sad sufferings some have left their Houses others at the point of leaving theirs also Lâ—tters from Richmundshire did likewise intimate that two Constableries of that County the Rent whereof amounted to no more than ninety nine pounds per annum were assessed by the Scottish Army and paid in Free Quarter no less than nineteen hundred pounds in four months But having made such a fair Market of the King leaving those Countries thus harrassed they march'd back over Tweed upon the eleventh of February ¶ Hereupon the Grandees at Westminster having to the view of the World finish'd their great work by getting the person of the king into their power they imployed Phillip Earl of Pembroke Basill Earl of Denbigh Edward Lord Mountagu of Boughton Sir Iames Harington Sir Iohn Holand and Sir Iohn Cook Baronets Sir Walter Earl Knight Iohn Crew Esq and Major General Brown as already hath been observed to bring his Majestie from Newcastle to Holdenby in Northampton shire Who coming to Newcastle upon the 22. of Ianuary after their stay there till the last day of that month they set forwards on the Journey and on the sixteenth of February got to holdenby where they kept him under a strict restraint Colonel Richard Greaves a most confiding Presbyterean having the chief command of his Guards not suffring any of his own servants to come near him no not so much as one Chaplain for performance of such divine offices as common charity could not have denyed to the greatest criminal though often and earnestly moved by his Majestie thereto Which being done they thought of nothing more than singing a Requiem to their Souls In order whereunto in the first place they concluded on the new modelling of their Army lest the tender Independent who grew up apace might otherwise overtop his Presbyterean-parent and therefore resolv'd to cull out those who were not Covenant-proof and send them for Ireland there to encounter as well with hunger and cold as other miseries and hardships of war Then to disband others and make a new establishment consisting of such onely as were pure Covenanters and firm to the good old Cause And next to the end that with more plausibility to the people and security to themselves they might have the full sway of all their drift was to extoâ— the King's consent he being then their prisoner 〈◊〉 this their new designed Dominion For the accomplishment whereof according to their wonted praâ—â—â—ses they caused a petition to be exhibited to the two Houses at Westminster by the Lord Mayor Aldermen and Common Council of London Wherein was contained a subtil insinuation of their desires that God would bring his Majestie 's Heart nearer to his chief and greatest Council the Parliament and that he would be perswaded to joyn with them in the National League and Covenant and give satisfaction in the Propositions which the Parliaments of both Nations should make unto him for the full assurance of his People for the future and firm establishment of the Peace and Vnion of the Kingdomes in Church and Commonwealth In which Petition it was also desired that for security to the Parliament and City such as had been in opposition to the Parliament id est loyal to the King might be removed out of the City and kept at a
to carry on this great work under the specious Mask of Religion and pretended Revelations those standing him in such stead upon all his attempts as that there were not a few that really believ'd whatever he undertook could not easily miscarry Upon the Twentieth of April therefore attended with strong Guards he entred the Parliament-House with Fleetwood his great Confident commanding some few of his attendants to tarry without Where without moving his Hat or going to any Seat he first addressed his Speech to the Chief Justice St. Iohn telling him that he then came to do that which grieved him to the very Soul and what he had earnestly with Tears pray'd to God against Nay that he had rather be torn in pieces than do it But that there was a Necessity laid upon him therein in order to the Glory of God and the good of this Nation Whereunto St. Iohn answered that he knew not what he meant but did pray that what it was which must be done might have a happy Issue for the General Good Then Cromwel turning towards the Speaker told him how long under colour of Service to the Publick they had sate and acted there and that in stead thereof themselves and their Kindred Engrossing all places of great profit had upon their own Pride and Luxury consum'd the Wealth of the Land Which being said he gave a stamp with his Foot and bad them for shame be gone and give place to honester men Whereupon a Member standing up and modestly saying that it stood not with common Justice to cast so general an aspersion upon them all without any Proof he in wrath taking Sir Henry Vane Junior by the Cloak said thou art a Iugling Fellow and told Allen the Goldsmith that he had inricht himself by Cousening the State for which he should be call'd to account and commanded those of his Guard who at the signal of that stamp were entred the Door immediately to turn them out of the House Colonel Harrison accordingly pulling the Speaker out of his Chair It was observed that as they went out of the House he pointed at Harry Martin and Tom Challoner and said Is it fit that such Fellows as these should sit to Govern Men of vicious Lives the one a noted Whore-Master and the other a Drunkard Nay he boldly upbraided them all with selling the Cavaliers Estates by bundles and said they had kept no Faith with them This as it was one of his greatest Adventures so was it the most grateful to the People of all that ever he did it being no less than the quelling of that many-headed Monster which glutted with unmeasurable Rapine and Innocent Blood had been not a little dreadful to the greatest part of Europe Having therefore so happily remov'd this Block yet still keeping close the main end of his design under the shadow of ruling by a Civil Power after much pretended seeking of God he selected certain Persons to manage the same as a Council of State whose Names were as followeth 1. Himself as General of the Army 2. The Lord L'isle Son to the Earl of Leicester 3. Lieutenant General Fleetwood 4. Major General Lambert 5. Major General Harrison 6. Major General Desborow 7. Sir Gilbert Pickering Kt. 8. Sir Charles Wolfesley Bar. 9. Sir Anthony Ashley Couper Barronet 10. Sir Iames Hope of Scotland 11. Colonel Hewson of Ireland 12. Colonel Norton 13. Colonel Mountagu 14. Colonel Benet 15. Colonel Stapeley 16. Colonel Sydenham 17. Colonel Tomlinson 18. Colonel Iones 19. Alderman Tichburne 20. Mr. Strickland 21. Mr. Carey 22. Mr. Howard 23. Mr. Broughton 24. Mr. Laurence 25. Mr. Holister 26. Mr. Comptney 27. Mr. Major 28. Mr. St. Nicholas 29. Mr. Moyer 30. Mr. Williams of Wales And to the end that there might be the less suspition of his affecting the Rule with the advice of his Officers he made choise of no less than an hundred and four Godly-men unto whom he committed the whole sway of the Realm who were accordingly summon'd by a special Letter to each of them under his Hand Berks. Samuel Dunch Vincent Goddard Thomas Wood. Bedf. Nathaniel Taylor Edward Cater Buck. George Fleetwood George Baldwin Cambr. Iohn Sadler Thomas French Robert Castle Samuel Warner Chesh. Robert Duckenfeild Henry Birkinhead Cumb Northumb. Bishoprick of Durch Westmor Charles Howard Robert Fenwick Henry Dawson Henry Ogle Corâ—w Robert Benet Francis Langdon Anthony Rows Iohn Bowden Derb. Iervas Benet Nathaniel Barton Devon George Monke one of Lanc the Generals at Sea Iohn Carew Thomas Sanders Christopher Martin Iames Erisey Francis Rows Richard Sweet Dorset William Sydenham Iohn Bingham Essex Ioachim Mathews Henry Barington Iohn Brewster Christopher Earle Dudley Tempâ—er Glouc Iohn Crostes Wiliam Neast Robert Holmes South Richard Norton Richard major Iohn Hildesley Hertf. Henry Lawrence William Reeve Heref. Wroth Rogers Iohn Herring Hunt Edward Mountagu Stephen Phesant Kent Lord L'isle Thomas Blount William Kenrick William Cullen Andrew Broughton Lanc. William West Iohn Sawrey Robert Cunliss Leic. Henry Danvers Edward Smith Iohn Prat. Linc. Sir William Brownlow Richard Cust. Barnabas Bowtell Humphrey Walcott William Thompson Midd. Sir William Roberts Augustine Wingfeild Arthur Squib Monm Philip Jones North. Sir Gilbert Pickering Thomas Brooke Norf. Robert Iermy Tobias Freze Ralph Wilmer Henry King William Barton Nott. Iohn Odingsells Edward Clud Oxon. Sir Charles Wolseley Bt. William Draper Dr. Ionathan Godard Rutl. Edward Horseman Salop. William Boterel Thomas Baker Staff George Bellor Iohn Chetwood Suff. Jacob Caley Francis Brewster Robert Dunkon John Clerke Edward Plumsted Somer Robert Blake another of the Generals at Sea John Pyne Dennis Hollyster Henry Henley Surrey Samuel Highland Laurence March Suff. Anthony Stapeley William Spence Nathaniel Studdey Warr. John St. Nicholas Richard Lucie Wilts Sir Anth. Ashley Couper Baronet Nicholas Greene. Thomas Eyre Wigorn. Richard Salway John James Yorksh. George Lord Evre Walter Strickland Francis Lascells John Anlaby Thomas Dickenson Thomas St. Nicholas Roger Cotes Edward Gill. Lond. Robert Tichburne John Ireton Samuel Moyer John Langley John Stone Henry Barton Prais-god Barebone Wales Bushey Mansell James Philips John Williams Hugh Courtney Richard Price John Browne Scotl. Sir James Hope Alexander Bredy John Swinton William Lockart Alexander Jeffreys Ireland Sir Robert King Colonel Iohn Hewson Col. Henry Cromwel Colonel Iohn Clerke Daniel Hutchenson Vincent Gookin Afterwards these following were Elected into them Lord General Cromwel Major General Lambert Major General Harrison Major General Desborough Colonel Matthew Tomlinson Of these many were Illiterate and of mean condition divers Fanatick Sectaries and of that kind the most busie and mischievous yet here and there mixt with confiding men and such whose Interest was firmly trusted with Cromwels Being thus chosen and sent for they first met together in the Council-Chamber at White-Hall Whence after a Grave Speech made to them by Cromwel expressing that he had thus called them together to consult of the great affaires of these Three Kingdoms they adjourned themselves to the
having prepared Westminster Hall with Scaffolds they began his trial upon the two and twentieth of March where they charg'd him with subverting the Fundamental Laws of England and Ireland with threatning to root the Scotch Nation out of Ireland with procuring his Majesty to dissolve the last Parliament as also with betraying Newcastle and the King's Army to the Scots And after many days labour to prove him guilty of Treason by the Law and failing thereof they brought in a special Bill to attaint him wherein they took care to insert a special Clause that it should not be drawn into President thereby to secure themselves from a return of that Injustice upon any of them which they acted on him Which Bill was twice read and voted in one day What course they took with those that concur'd not with them in passing thereof and other their practises I shall briefly mention when I come to their apparent violation of the Privileges of Parliament How multitudes out of the City were brought down to the Parliament-House to cry for Justice Also with what difficulty his Majesty passed that Bill though importun'd by the Earl's own Letter out of hope his death might have satisfied those blood-thirsty men I spare to mention but on the twelfth of May they cut off his Head on Tower Hill Which strange and unjust way of proceeding driven on by those who stood least affected to the Doctrine and Discipline of our Church caused many to fear that which afterwards came to pass Left therefore the People whom under the most specious pretences they were to captivate should have the least suspicion of hazard to the Service of God as it stood here establish'd they cunningly insinuated to the world that by means of a Jesuitical Party the Protestant Religion was in no small danger and therefore as zealous Champions for the same framed a formal Protestation for its sure defence as it then stood establish'd in the Church of England both in Doctrine and Discipline which for farther satisfaction they caused to be solemnly taken by every Member of Parliament and not only so but by a special Order made it public by the Press and sent it to several Counties of this Realm But their grand work being to get the Militia into their power by which means whatever else they had a mind to might be accomplish'd as an Introduction thereunto divers strange Plots and Conspiracies were talk'd of Which Plots not only stood them in stead to amuse and put fears into the people who by a most implicit faith did then believe that all they acted was for their good but to countenance those many unreasonable demands they made from his Majesty so that under the shadow of them they might go through with any thing And therefore it will not be amiss to view by what degrees they themselves with these devices proceeded towards the obtaining those their desired ends The first of these that they broach'd was a conspiracy by divers in the House of Commons to bring in a French Army unto which the Irish and English should be joyned Whereupon a vote was passed that new Fortifications should be rais'd at Portsmouth and the Cinqueports and order taken that one Lord and two of the Commons viz. the Lord Kymbolton Sir Walter Earle and Sir Philip Stapleton should be forthwith dispatch'd thither About the same time also they sent some of their Members to Lambeth House to search for Amunition and Arms as also about the Parliament-House for fear of any Plot. Which pretended fear was much countenanced by a Letter directed to the Lady Shelley and produced by Mr. Pym discovering a design to destroy Then was there a Report in the House of what a Jesuit should say of some great design against this Kingdom As also of a Letter from Calais of many Frenchmen coming for England and of another Jesuits speech of firing the Parliament-House Again of French intended to land here And within a short space after Mr. Nathaniel Fienes made report to the Houses that a Plot to seize the Tower was newly discovered as also to send over the Irish Army and for delivery of Portsmouth to the French and Papists for assistance wherein the Bishops were to raise a thousand Horse And shortly after Mr. Henry Percie Mr. Iermyn Sir Iohn Sucklyn and Mr. Davenant were voted guilty of another Plot to bring up the Army and force the Parliament which wrought to purpose by putting terrible Fears and Iealousies into the People And to make up all a Letter from the Earl of Holland was read of new practises against the State Whereupon at a conference of both Houses a select Committee was appointed to advise of putting the Kingdom into a Posture of Defence Which being done the next artifice they used was to perpetuate the Parliament to the end that the name of that might the more plausibly carry them through in this grand work To effect this therefore they pretended that the great Sums of Money which the Scots were to have could not suddenly be rais'd and that being to be borrow'd for their present riddance Lenders would hardly be found unless they saw a certain way to secure their moneys which the danger of dissolving this Parliament would hazard Whereupon they brought in a Bill to prevent the adjourning or dissolving there of without the consent of both Houses And to carry on the people with all assurance of their future happiness and freedom from oppression by Courts of Arbitrary Jurisdiction they voted and sent up certain Bills for suppressing the Courts of High Commission and Star-Chamber and regulating the Council Table as also for bounding the Forests preventing vexatious proceedings concerning Knighthood and regulating the Clerk of the Market besides that of Tonnage and Poundage All which his Majesty out of his abundant goodness expecting that these unparallel'd Acts of grace would have oblig'd them in a stronger bond of dutiful Allegiance was pleased to pass before his going into Scotland And as a witness to the candor of his intentions admitted divers Lords then most popular but since great Actors in this woful Tragedy to be of his Privy-Council conferring on three of them great Offices of Honour Trust and Benefit And now supposing that he had given them as great a measure of content as their hearts could desire he took his journey into Scotland on the tenth of August there to establish the peace of that Realm in setling whatsoever should be thought meet for the happiness thereof About which time the Armies were disbanded that had been so long delay'd though the continuance of them was no less charge than 80000 l. a month their work before being not brought forward enough Some of the leading-members in plain terms declaring that yet they could not spare them the sons of Zerviah
York as also by fourty three Dukes Marquesses Earls Vicounts and Barons of the House of Peers and cxviii members of the House of Commons there present many others by reason of distance of place sickness and imployments elsewhere in his Majesties service and for want of timely notice of that Proclamation of Summons not being then come thither But the effect which this their Letter produced was in the first place to be cryed throughout the Streets of London in scorn as the Petition of the Prince and Duke of York for peace and a meer frivolous answer or Paper in form of a Letter directed to the Earl of Forth then General of the King's forces wherein was inclosed a printed paper called a National Covenant of the Kingdoms of England and Scotland and two other Papers the one called a Declaration of both the Kingdoms and the other a Declaration of the Kingdom of Scotland In that their General 's Letter it was pretended that because there was no address to the two Houses of Parliament nor acknowledgment of them it could not be communicated to them whereas it was notoriously known that he did so far impart it as that a Committee of theirs advised and fram'd the answer Besides it plainly appears by the penning thereof that they all concurr'd in the Resolution therein mention'd whereby 't is clear enough that this was but an excuse or shift to avoid any Treaty And what could that printed Covenant and two Declarations inclosed signifie but to shew that before they would admit of a Treaty all the Lords and Commons assembled at Oxford must join in that Covenant with them for the absolute extirpation of Church-government here without nay tho against the King's consent submit the Lives Liberties and Estates of themselves and all others who according to their allegiance had assisted his Majesty to the mercy of those members then sitting at Westminster as also to admit of and justifie that invasion of the Scots according to the plain sense of their Declaration But notwithstanding all this the Lords and Commons at Oxford continuing still sollicitous for an happy peace for avoiding delay or cavil about Names or Titles or descants upon words humbly besought his Majesty to send Messengers with Instructions to desire a Treaty for peace Whereunto he readily assenting two persons were by him nominated and a Letter written to the Earl of Essex for their safe conduct Which Letter had in substance this Answer viz. that if they would first agree that those Lords and Commons sitting a Westminster were the Parliament and the King 's only Council that those Gentlemen should have a safe conduct This being therefore taken into consideration it was thought fit to desire his Majesty to write his royal Letters to the Earl of Essex himself and therein to inclose a Letter superscribed To the Lords and Commons of Parliament assembled at Westminster Which his Majesty accordingly did and thereby desired that a convenient number of fit persons might be appointed and authorized to meet with all convenient speed at such a place as they should nominate with an equal number of fit persons appointed and authorized by him to treat of the ways and means for setling the present distractions of the Kingdom and procuring a happy peace In answer whereunto they insisted that themselves thus sitting at Westminster were the Parliament convened according to the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom and that those loyal persons members of the Parliament who were come to his Majesty at Oxford according to his royal Proclamation had deserted their Trust and levyed war against the Parliament and in sum did intimate that what they should do herein must be with the concurrent advice of the Commissioners for the Kingdom of Scotland according to their late solemn League and Covenant calling his Majesties earnest endeavours for Peace but Professions and their own feigned pretences most real intentions letting fall by way of menace that his Majesty could not be the least and last sufferer Hitherto as a consequence of this second Invasion by the Scots I have given a brief touch of his Majesties farther incessant endeavours for obtaining a happy peace with these violent spirited men by an amicable Treaty Which taking no effect by reason they then saw such a likelihood through the aid and assistance of those their dear Brethren to carry all powerfully before them I shall look back a little and take notice not only how their heavy oppressions upon the people by many farther grievous Impositions were carried on but how they proceeded in their advancing the Scepter of Iesus Christ in this Realm for so they called their Presbyterian Discipline Wherein I observe that within six days next after this their Invasion the Members at Westminster passed an Ordinance for regulating the Vniversity of Cambridge by Edward Earl of Manchester then their Chancellour that is to say for turning out all loyal persons from their Headships and Fellowships in any of the Colleges there and for removing scandalous Ministers id est all orthodox men throughout the several associated Counties of Essex Norfolk Suffolk Hertford Cambridge Huntington and Lincoln That the Welch also might be the sooner brought under the yoke they soon after made another Ordinance whereby they impower'd Sir Thomas Middleton Knight to take Subscriptions for raising of Forces in the six Counties of North-wales and give the public faith for such moneys as should be raised to that purpose CHAP. XVIII HAving thus taken notice of the Transactions in their Parliament at Westminster I come now according to my designed method to the Militarie-business of this year 1643. In which I find that the King having gained ground in the North and West his farther success in sundry parts was not unsutable thereto for Sir Hugh Cholmley of Whitby in Yorkshire who at first had been a most confiding man thought it now time to declare for the King So likewise did Captain Brown-Bushell Governour of Scarborough Castle in that County who then delivered it up for his Majestie And within few days after their great Northern Champion Ferdinando Lord Fairfax was routed by the Earls of Newcastle and Cumberland at Bramham-moore in that County which great defeat so startled the Members at Westminster that they forthwith solicited the ayd of their Brethren the Scots In the neck of this also Prince Rupert upon a sharp encounter near Bermicham a seditious and populous Town in Warwick shire with a strong party of the Rebels commanded by Colonel Greaves worsted them with the loss of the Loyal William Earl of Denbigh who there received his deaths wound Soon after that also another party of them commanded by Iohn son and heir to the famous Sir Iohn Hotham their trusty Governour of Hull was routed near Ancaster in Lincolnshire And Litchfield close which they had got after the unsuccessfull attempt thereof by the Lord Brooke was without much adoe
rendred to Prince Rupert by Lieutenant Colonel Russell Subsequent to these I shall onely enumerate the rest in order of time Iames Earl of Northampton routed another stout party of them at Middleton Cheney in Northampton shire And about ten days following Sir Ralph Hopton obtain'd a clear victory over the Dehonshire and Cornish Rebels at Stratton in Cornwall the Earl of Stanford and Major General Chudleigh being Commanders in chief of them In which Battle were taken seventeen hundred Prisoners thirteen brass piece of Ordnance seventy Barrels of powder and store of other provisions by reason whereof the greatest part of the West except Plymouth and some other Port-Towns was reduced to obedience and in consideration of this signal service the said Sir Ralph Hopton soon after viz. 4. Sept. 1643. was advanced to the dignity of Lord Hopton of Stratton aforesaid The next month also ensued Prince Rupert's Victory over the Rebels at Chalgrave-field in Oxfordshire Commanded by Colonell Iohn Hampden who there received his deaths wound that being the very field wherein he first put in Execution the Parliaments Ordinance for the Militia of that County as a president to the rest of England and the Earl of Newcastle taking Howley house in Yorkshire soon after defeated the Lord Fairfax at Adderton Heath in that County At the beginning of Iuly likewise a party of Horse and Dragoons Commanded by Colonel Middleton coming to surprize Sir Charles Lucas in his Quarters at Padbury near Buckingham were by him routed And the Earl of Newcastle valiantly assaulting Bradford in Yorkshire took it by storm Sir Thomas Fairfax who was Governour there fleeing thence by night whereupon Hallifax and Denton house Sir Thomas Fairfax his seat were quitted by the Rebels Burton upon Trent also in Staffordshire was taken by the Lord Iermyn upon the Queens passage from Burlington in Yorkshire towards Oxford Near which time was the great fight at Landsdown in Somerset shire where the Lord Hopton had the better of the Rebels though the Valiant Sir Bevill Grenevill was there slain The Lord Wilmot and Earl of Carnarvon likewise routed Sir William Waller and Sr. Arthur Haselrigg at Roundwaydown in Wiltshire Prince Rupert also having taken Burleigh house in Rutland marcht to Bristol and after a short Siege of that City had a surrender thereof from Colonel Nathaniel Fiennes the then Governour In the next month likewise was Dorchester in Dorset shire rendred to the Earl of Carnarvon and the Isle of Portland reduced to His Majesties obedience Hereupon Weymouth and Melcombe in com Dorset submitted These great successes encouraged the King to come before the City of Gloucester the most considerable Garrison in all that part of the Realm which so startled the Earls of Bedford and Holand and the Lord Paget that they came in to the King but not long after being less apprehensive of danger fell off again to their own party Soon after this Beverley in Yorkshire was taken by the Earl of Newcastle Biddiford◠Appleford and Barnstaple in com Devon were also rendred The City of Exeter was likewise taken by Prince Maurice and Sir William Waller one of their active Generals routed at Winchester Near Auburne also in Wiltshire a strong party of them was worsted by Prince Rupert But soon after this the Earl of Essex with his whole Army met his Majesty near Newbery in Berkshire where after much slaughter neither could boast of the victory though the Earls of Carnarvon and Sunderland with Lucius Viscount Falkland then one of the Kings principal Secretaries of State there lost their lives the noise whereof did not a little avail the Rebels it giving them much reputation with all their party In October the next month Dertmouth in Devon-shire was rendred to Prince Maurice and shortly after Hawarden-Castle in Flint-shire yielded to the King's obedience Arundell-Castle also in Sussex was rendred to the Lord Hopton Beeston castle in Cheshire taken Likewise Lapley house in Stafford-shire Grafton house in Northampton-shire and Crew house in 〈◊〉 shire Towards the end of Ianuary also Sir Thomas fairfax and Colonel Milton were routed by Prince Rupert at Drayton in Shropshire Hopton Castle in Shropshire and Wardour Castle in Wiltshire were likewise taken And upon the relief of Newark in Nottinghamshire besieg'd by Sir Iohn Meldrum a Scot with seven thousand men Gaynesborough Lincolne and Sleford all in Lincolnshire were quitted by the Rebels And Sturton-castle in Staffordshire about this time taken ¶ These being the most remarkable Actions on the King's part for this year 1643. I come now to observe what success the Rebels who were not idle had the same year In April therefore the Earl of Essex came before Reading in Berkshire and soon obtain'd it by surrender Colonel Feilding being then Governour thereof Siege being also laid to Wardour-castle in Wiltshire it was rendred So likewise was Monmouth in Monmouth shire And at Wakefield in Yorkshire His Majesties forces encountring the Rebels were worsted Soon after which Taunton and Bridgwater both in Somersetshire were also delivered up to them But notwithstanding all this they were not without their fears and therefore dispatcht the Lord Grey of Warke together with Mr. Henry Darley and Sir William Armine both trusty Members of their House of Commons by special order into Scotland earnestly to sollicite the dear Brethren of that Realm to their assistance Shortly after this they took Gaynesborough in Lincolnshire and attempted Basing house in Hantshire without effect But in September the Earl of Essex with more help from the zealous Londoners approaching Gloucester with a great strength caused the King to raise the siege which he had laid to that rebellious place In the same month also was Lynne in Norfolk yielded to the Earl of Manchester and shortly after the City of Lincoln taken by him forcibly Arundel-castle in Sussex likewise in Ianuary following yielded to Sir William Waller Whereupon being recruited with more forces he was constituted Major General of Kent Surry Sussex and Hantshire But that which proved to be instar omnium was that grand Invasion of the Scots which on the 22d of Ianuary crossed the River Tine with their numerous Army to the assistance of these Rebels as hath been already observed For at that time all the North of England beyond Trent excepting Hull in York shire and some few inconsiderable places being by the Marquess of Newcastle for so he had been lately made reduced to the King's obedience as also the West by Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice His Majesties Nephews excepting Poole and Lime in Dorset shire and Plymouth in Devonshire the Members sitting at Westminster became so startled that some of the leading-men prepared for quitting the Realm But this great ayd from
they should by the power of Conquest utterly destroy him that they disdained to vouchsafe him any answer at all thereto CHAP. XXI THE torrent of Rebellion thus violently bearing all down before it what Garrisons remained were necessitated soon after also to submit viz. the port Town of Barnstaple in Devonshire upon the seventh of April and the Fort there some few days after Ruthin-castle also in Flintshire then yielded to Colonel Mitton Corfe castle in Dorset shire about the same time being given up The City of Exeter likewise Sir Iohn Berkley Knight afterwards Lord Berkley of Stratton being at that time Governour thereof who delivered it upon honourable Articles wherein amongst others the most loyal Sir Iohn Stowel Knight of the Bath was included though afterwards dishonourably and barbarously used Soon after which Saint Michael'smount in Cornwall was taken by Colonel Hamond Dunster castle also in Somerset shire and Woodstock house near Dxford then also submitting All the West therefore being thus cleared except Pendennis castle there could be no less expected than a siege of Oxford His Majesty therefore considering that having used all means possible by his frequent gracious Messages wherein he had offered unto them all they had before desired and that he expected nothing but what themselves since the beginning of those unhappy wars had offered to procure a personal Treaty with them for a safe and well grounded peace And having in stead of a dutiful and peaceable return to those his Messages received no Answer at all or such as argued nothing would satisfy them but the ruine not onely of himself his posterity and friends but even of Monarchy it self Considering likewise that his field-forces were shattered and reduc'd to nothing his Garrisons almost all lost or besieged and that a strong Army under the command of Sir Thomas Fairfax their then General was advancing towards Oxford there to besiege him together with the Duke of York All the great Officers of State and many other of his most eminent and faithfull Subjects In this his most sad and unhappy condition revolving whether he had better cast himself upon the English-Army or the City of London or rather his native Subjects the Scots who had at that time besieg'd Newarke upon Trent with a great and numerous Army Having received very good assurance as he then believ'd that himself and all that did adhere to him should be safe in their Persons Honour and Consciences in the Scotch Army And that they the Scots would really and effectually joyn with him and such other as would come in unto him and joyn with them for his preservation and would imploy their Armies and Forces to assist him to the procuring of an happy and well-grounded peace for the good of his said Majesty and his Kingdomes in the recovery of his just rights Necessity being then his Councellour he adventured upon their fidelity who first began his troubles trusting that God might make them a means honourably to compose them and thereupon went out of Oxford disguised in the night time with two persons onely accompanying him viz. Mr. Iohn Ashburnham one of the Grooms of his royal Bedchamber and one Mr Hudson a Divine his Guide From Oxford they first rode to Henley upon Thames Thence to Brainford Thence near to London and so to Harrow on the Hill there being then a general muster of the City forces in Hide Park where he was expected the Earl of Essex being at that time in the Field and his Majestie almost perswaded to adventure himself into their hands But relying wholly on the Scots who had promised so fair as before is observed he waved those thoughts and rode to St. Albans so to Harborough in Leicestershire where he expected the French Agent who had so treated with the Scots on his behalf as I have already observed with some Horse to meet him and conduct him to Southwell the then Head quarters of the Scottish-Army But missing him there he thence passed to Stanford on the edge of Lincolnshire and so to Downham in Norfolk whence Mr. Hudson was sent to the Agent and upon his return went directly to Southwel where he arrived the 5 th of May and put himself into the hands of Alexander Lesley their General resolving to use his best endeavours by their assistance and with the conjunction of those forces in Scotland under the Marquess of Montrose and such of his well affected Subjects of England as would rise for him to procure if it might be an honourable and speedy peace with those who had hitherto refused to give ear to any good means tending thereto Being thus gone siege was immediately laid to Oxford by General Fairfax soon after which several other places of strength were surrendred by the King 's special direction viz. Newark the eleventh of May which had been besieg'd by Poyntz and Rosseter the Scots assisting from December before The Castle of Banbury likewise after a siege of ten weeks by Colonel Whalley And on the thirteenth of May the Scots having not patience to attend the voluntary surrenders of any more places of strength began their march towards Newcastle in Northumberland taking the King along with them Where being arrived and quartering their Army thereabouts they instantly pressed his Majestie to send Orders to the Marquess of Ormund in Ireland and all other the Governours of his Garisons in England to give up all the Towns and Castles then remaining to such as should be appointed to receive them for the Houses of Parliament Telling him that otherwise they neither could nor durst continue him in their protection To which necessity his Majestie was constrain'd to submit but nothing was by them more earnestly insisted on than that the Marquess of Montross should lay down Arms who with a small strength at first had acted in Scotland to admiration for besides many victories of less note he had twice beaten the Marquess of Argyle out of the Field follow'd him home and wasted his Country with Fire and Sword and vanquisht Bayley one of their best Souldiers made himself also Master of the Castle of Edenborough releasing divers of his Friends who had been seized on and imprisoned there when he first took up Arms. But instead of those Aids which he hoped for he was unexpectedly set upon by David Lesley who was sent from the Scottish Army in England with six thousand Horse to oppose the farther progress of this most valiant persons fortune However he began to make head again and was in a way of fair success when he receiv'd the Kings command to disband viz. 31 May 1647. To which he readily conforming took Ship and put himself into a voluntary Exile After which time of this their perfidious dealing with the King 't is observable that they never prospered But I proceed briefly to point out the times of surrender of the rest of his
himself in a Chayr of State where he had great Thanks given him by the Speakers of both Houses Which being done a publick day of Thanksgiving was appointed for this happy restoration of them to their old Seats again Sir Thomas Fairfax voted Generalissimo of all the Forces and Forts throughout England and Wales and Constable of the Tower of London and the Common-Souldiers one month's gratuity besides their pay And on the next day following the whole Army marcht triumphantly through London with their Train of Artillery and soon after demolish'd the Lines of Communication environing that great City CHAP. XXV AND now that the Fugitive-members were thus brought again to the House the chief business was to make null and void all that was acted by those that sate in their absence But in debating thereof the Presbytereans held up most stoutly insisting with great courage on the validity of them Insomuch as the Speaker finding it difficult for the Fugitives to carry the Votes by strength of Reason or Number shew'd forth a Letter from the General of the Army accompanied with a Remonstrance full of high language and not without threats against those that sate whilst the two Speakers were with the Army calling them Pretended Members and laying to their charge in general Treason Treachery and breach of Trust and protesting that if they should presume to sit before they had cleared themselves that they did not give their assents to some certain Votes they should sit at their peril and that he would take them as Prisoners of War and try them at a Council of War Which Letter though it did not a little startle the Presbyterean-Members yet were they loath to leave the House having sate there so long as absolute Dictators In order therefore to their continuance within those walls it was earnestly moved by some of them that the Speaker should command a general meeting of the whole House upon the next day and declare that they should be secured from danger as also that no more than the ordinary Guards might then attend the House But these motions were violently opposed with shrewd menaces by the Independent-Members the Speaker also declyning to put any Question therein and adjourning till the morrow so that the Presbytereans were left to come again at their peril Which hazzard of their safety occasion'd a very thin House the next day many of that party absenting themselves and of those which came 't was observ'd that some tackt about to the other side and some sate mute At last a Committee was appointed to bring in an Ordinance of Accommodation as they called it but more properly the Ordinance of Null an Voide which damn'd all the Votes Orders and Ordinances passed in the House from the xxvjth of Iuly that the Apprentices forc't the Members then sitting to vote and do as they required untill the sixth of August that those Members which fled to the Army were brought in Triumph again to the House Which Ordinance within few days was passed And soon after that another wholsome one for establishing of well affected Ministers in sequestred Livings But though this Ordinance of Null and Voide was thus passed the Independent-party thought not themselves secure enough and therefore erected a Committee of Examinations to enquire into and examine who they were that had been active in procuring the City Petition and Engagement to be subscribed or instrumental in that force upon the House on the twenty sixth of Iuly before mentioned or in any other endeavour to raise forces Which Committee hunted so close after them that had been busy therein that Sir Iohn Maynard Knt. of the Bath a Member of the House of Commons Iames Earl of Suffolk Theophilus Earl of Lincoln Iames Earl of Middlesex Iohn Lord Hunsdon George Lord Berkley William Lord Maynard and Francis Lord Willoughby of Parham were all of them impâ—ached of High Treason in the name of the Commons of England for levying war against the King Parliament and Kingdome Sir Iohn Maynard being thereupon committed to the Tower and the Lords to the custody of the usher with the Black-rod And to the end that this now predominant-party might the more engage the Common people to joyn with them upon occasion Agitators were imploy'd into several Counties for getting Subscriptions to Petitions against Tythes Inclosures and Copy-hold-sines which were uncertain ¶ Being thus entring upon one of the last Scenes in this most woful Tragedy I must look back a little and from what hath been said summarily observe first that however specious and plausible the Protestations Vows and Declarations of these monstrous men have otherwise been their chief design originally was to destroy and extirpate Monarchy in all His Majestie 's Realms and Dominions Secondly that when by the assistance of the giddy-multitude deluded and captivated with many glorious promises they had got the sway of all into their Hands they most traiterously murthered the King in his politick capacity setting him totally aside as to Authority and Rule and inhumanely burying him alive by a severe and barbarous imprisonment most insolently tooke the Reynes of Government into their own usurping power Next that as Ambition and Avarice eagerly incited some Grandees of the faction to shoulder out the rest from sharing with them in the spoyl they had got though no less active than themselves in accomplishing the general ruine the like haughty and covetous desires prompted others to be no less solicitous for their own temporal advantage So that as the Reformation of miscarriages and corruptions in Government was at first cryed up by the Presbyterean-Brethren and nothing in sted thereof exercised but oppression and destruction So likewise under as fair and plausible pretences the power was soon wrested from that seeming Holy Generation by the more Seraphick-Saints of the Independent Tribe who captivating the Souldierie at last as the Presbytereans had done the people at first by their splended allurements with an imaginary Happiness got the King by that means into their own cruel Hands and then subjugating the City of London which had been both Mother and Nurse to that Imparallel'd Rebellion made the remainder of their Task the less difficult And as this grand work was originally begun by the Presbytereans under the Popular name of a Blessed-Parliament by which subtile Enchantment the vulgar were at first most cunningly abused and pursued to the utter subversion of the King 's regal power So was it carryed on by the Independent to the last as by and by shall be manifested untill it became thoroughly compleated in the horrid murther of his royal person towards the perpetration of which prodigious Fact I shall now briefly shew by what degrees and steps they did most audaciously proceed CHAP. XXVI HAving thus subjugated the City and purg'd the two Houses at Westminster as is already observed they then put on a Presbyterean-cloak for a while and
the least to the contrary and imparted to him the substance of what had then passed betwixt them Whereupon the King framing his Answer to those Proposals from the Parliament so brought to him as abovesaid sent it by the same person to Cromwell and Ireton to be perused with liberty to add or alter what they should think fit Which being done by them and returned to His Majesty he wrote it a new and sent it to Westminster But see now the horrid perfidiousness of Cromwell and Ireton No sooner was this candid and gracious Answer from the King Imparted to the House of Commons but that both of them appeared with the highest in their bitter invectives against it The News whereof being forthwith brought to the King he call'd for the person who had been so lately with Cromwell and acquainting him therewith sent him back to Cromwell to require a reason thereof Whose answer was that what he had then said in the House of Commons was to sound the depth of those virulent humours wherewith the Presbytereans whom he knew to be no friends to the King were possess'd with all But after that time he never came more to His Majesty That person therefore whom the King had so imployed to Cromwell observing thus much made it his chief business to find out the Councils and designs of the principal Officers of the Army at Putney and discerning at length how dangerous they were in reference to His Majesty gave him private Advertisement thereof to the end he might consider which way best to preserve himself Whereupon resolving to get privately from Hampton-Court to the City of London the same person so imploy'd as abovesaid undertook to find him out a secure lodging there and accordingly leaving him did provide such a one His Majesty determining that so soon as he should get safe thither to let him have knowledge thereof And now at length being fully sensible of what he had so long feared which was that notwithstanding his own clear and candid dealing with them in all respects and that he did so far rely upon them that he had strictly prohibited all those of his faithful subjects who had served in his Armys that they should not joyn with the Scots in case they should raise any forces in order to his pretended restoration as Cromwell seem'd to suspect that they might though nothing less would have been the effects thereof considering they stuck so close to their solemn League and Covenant he was to expect no better than destruction and ruine to himself and his posterity and absolute slavery to all his good Subjects he caused a Boat to be privately brought to the River-side and upon the eleventh of November about the beginning of the night went alone from the Privy-lodgings through a Door where no Guard stood into the Park and so crossing the Thames landed at Ditton where Sir Iohn Berkley afterwards Lord Berkley Mr. Iohn Ashburnham and Colonel William Legg sometime Groomes of his Bedchamber were placed with Horses But so it hapned that when the King was got on Shore and had stay'd some time for them Mr. Ashburnham diswaded him from going to London and led him into Hantshire where His Majesty demanding of him to what place he intended to conduct him he answered into the Isle of Wight whereof Colonel Hamond was then Governour in whom Mr. Ashburnham had no little confidence To which His Majesty replyed that he would not adventure himself thither unless he might have sufficient assurance under the Governour 's hand for his security from any danger and thereupon sent Mr. Ashburnham and Sir Iohn Berkley into the Isle to treat with Hamond to that purpose staying himself at Lichfield house belonging to the Earl of Southampton with Colonel Legg till they returned strictly charging them that they should not let Hamond know where he was unless he would give him full assurance under his Hand for his freedome and return thence when he pleased But instead of observing these His Majestie 's directions they came back and brought Hamond with them And being come to Lichfield went to the King then in his Bed-chamber leaving Hamond below telling His Majesty what they had done whereat the King being not a little amazed askt them if they had a promise under Hamond's hand for his security and they replying No but thâ—â— he would approve himself a man of Honour He plainly told them that they had betray'd him or words to that purpose concluding then that he was no better than his prisoner Which sharp resentment of his condition 〈…〉 them so neer that they offer'd to kill Hamond 〈◊〉 take some other course for His Majestie 's safety But to this their vain proposal the King did utterly refuse to assent rather choosing to yeild up himself a Sacrifice as he afterwards was made to those bloud-thirsty-men who had resolved his destruction and subversion of the Government than to be guilty of assenting to take away the life of that one Rebel in cold bloud And putting himself thereupon into the hands of that unworthy person was by him kept in no better condition than a prisoner untill he was by his consent taken away by the direction of Cromwell and the rest of those bloudy Regicides who brought him to the Block as we shall see anon But I return At his departure from Hampton-Court he left in his withdrawing-room a Letter directed to the Commissioners which attended him there to be communicated to both Houses of Parliament the effect whereof was to tell them that he had with great patience endured a tedious restraint which he did willingly undergo whilst he had any hopes that it might conduce to the peace of the Kingdoms but then finding by too certain proofs that this his continued patience would not onely turn to his personal ruin but be of much more prejudice than furtherance of the publick good he did conceive that he was bound as well by natural as political obligations to seek his safety by retiring himself for some time from the publick view both of his friends and enemies challenging the judgment of all indifferent men if he had not just cause to free himself from the hands of those who did change their Principles with their condition earnestly urging that all just Interests viz. Presbyterean Independent Army and Scots might be heard together with himself with Honour Freedom and Safety and then that he would instantly break through that cloud of retirement and shew himself to be really Pater patriae In this Letter of his Majestie 's who unparallel'd Sufferings had raised his Observations to an higher pitch than some who have been much magnified for their Wisedom did ever reach it is to be noted that he saw he had just cause to free himself from the Hands of those who did change their principles with their condition Now lest this his expression should be thought to have reference meerly to the Independents in whose power he then
Independents of the Army to gain the whole and absolute power of rule into their hands having printed and published several Declarations Remonstrances Manifestos and Proposals besides Petitions of their own framing whereunto they got subscriptions in many places insinuating to the people their willingness to redress publick Greivances to be the Restorers of Peace the Laws and Liberties of the Subject to be setlers of Religion maintainers of the priviledges of Parliament Callers to accompt of all Committees Sequestrators Treasurers c. and to be their deliverers from Excise and other Taxes but above all preservers of all true Interests Restorers of the King to his just Rights and Prerogatives with Honour Freedom and Safty to his person without which they professed there could be no setled peace or happiness in this Nation And in pursuance of their undertakings having made Addresses to His Majesty with more tolerable overtures than any that he could obtain from the Members sitting at Westminster they after a while made private proposals to him sutable meerly to their own Interests but wholy derogatory to his Regal power the Religion established by Law as also to the Liberties and Properties of the Subject Whereunto when they saw that the King could not with his Conscience and Honour assent they enterteined new designs against his Person and Government ushering them in by the help of a Levelling-party who in pursuance thereof obtruded clamourous Petitions against any farther Treaty with His Majesty and demanded exemplary Justice from the Members at Westminster against him which through the influence that the Army had on them considering how the Houses had been garbled were entertain'd with Thanks Hence was it that when those Propositions of 13. Nov. anno 1647. were brought into the House from His Majesty whereby he pressed them so earnestly for a personal Treaty the four Dethroning Bills were sent to him to be first signed before they would admit thereof And upon his refusal to yield unto them those Destructive Votes of no more Addresses to him were passed The miserable condition of his Majesty and in him of all his loyal Subjects being therefore thus evidently seen by most men who beheld nothing but slavery and oppression thenceforth to be their portion did so awaken them that from Essex there came a Petition by many thousands to the Members at Westminster for a personal Treaty with the King as the most proper means to a well grounded peace After that another from Surrey a multitude of that County accompanying it to Westminster Which relisht so ill with the Grandees that they sent the Guards to beat them away whereupon divers were wounded and some slain Nor had the Kentish-men better success for having by their Grand Jury in the name of the whole Shire fram'd a petition for peace the Committee of that County being jealous that the people would take Heart thereat prohibited the same by printed papers published in all the Churches branding it to be seditious and tumultuous saying that they would hang up two in every Parish that were promoters of it and sequester the rest And when the people seeing themselves opposed in that their modest way of Application resolved of farther consideration therein by a general meeting and to come arm'd for their own defence a party of Horse was first sent in amongst them and afterwards the whole Army under the Command of their General Fairfax whereupon some of them fled into Essex where Sir Charles Lucas and divers of that County joyned with them as also the Lord Capell at Colchester with some Horse which necessitating the rest for their own defence to make to Sandwich and some Castles on the coast thereabouts the Army advanc't after slew and took divers of them prisoners and sequestred the estates of all that desired peace Weever a hot-headed Independent having mov'd in the House of Commons that all Kent might be sequestred because they had rebell'd and all Essex because they would rebel But notwithstanding the strength of their Army and severity against those who did not submit to their oppressive power the Scots having rays'd an Army which was then ready to march into England in pursuance of the ends of the Covenant as hath been observed there were many others in sundry parts of the Nation as well Presbytereans as Royalists discerning no better fruits to themselves of those successes which the Independents then had than oppression and slavery boldly made attempts in order to the rescue of His Majesty out of their cruel hands and to free the whole Kingdome from their farther Tyranny Of these the first was by Sir Nicholas Kemish who got with some forces into Chepstow-castle The next was that of the valiant Sir Marmaduke Langdale who shortly after surprized the strong town of Barwick After this Col. Laughorn Poyer and Powell having raysed eight thousand men in Pembrokeshire secured Lenvy-castle with the town and castle of Pembroke and declared in those parts for the settlement of the King and Kingdome Sir Philip Musgrave also upon the like fair hopes took Carlisse About the same time likewise part of the royal Navy consisting of twenty great Ships of War under the command of their Vice-Admiral Batten revolted and came in to the Prince in Yarmouth road Pontfrait-castle being within few days after surprized by the Royalists and the Earl of Holland with the Lord Francis Villers in Arms with two thousand men near Kingston upon Thames And to make the expectation more secure Duke Hamilton with a powerfull Army of the Scots entring England published a Declaration consisting of these heads 1. That the King should be brought to London to treat in person with the two Houses of Parliament 2. That all those who had a hand in or contrived the carrying of the King from Holdenby should be condignly punished 3. That the English Army should be disbanded 4. That Presbytery should be settled 5. And that the Members of Parliament which were forcibly secluded from the House should be re-seated there After which within few days Major Lilburne Brother to Iohn Governour of Tinemouth-castle in the Bishoprick of Durham declared for the King But the fruits of all these fair hopes were soon blasted for as that Castle was shortly after storm'd by Sir Arthur Haslerig and Lilburne with his men put to the Sword So was Chepstow-castle by Col. Eure and Sir Nicholas Kemish kill'd in cold bloud The Earl of Holland also with the Lord Francis Villers were encountred by Colonel Rich Major Gibbons and Sir Michael Livesey totally routed the Lord Francis Villers slain the Earl himself pursued to St. Ives in Huntingdon-shire and there taken Laughorne Poyer and Powell were likewise defeated by Cromwell and Colonel Horton And Sir Iohn Owen who was in Arms about that time in Northwales vanquisht by Major General Mitton The Navy also brought in by Batten fell off to the Earl of Warwick Duke
falling off again as hath already been observed He became so strangely elated that nothing then to be done could give satisfaction to his ambitious and unlimited desires But here I shall also observe that notwithstanding the strong factions into which these men were then divided had begot a perfect hatred of each to other as the many printed pamphlets then spread abroad do sufficiently shew Nevertheless for the utter eradicating of the Religion by Law establish'd in the Church of England which themselves had at first 3. May 1641. solemnly protested to maintain about this time they all agree'd together in framing an Ordinance for the establishing of Presbytery containing a particular form and order of Church-government in their congregational Classical Provincial and National Assemblies In which the Lay Elders constituted at that time in all the Parishes throughout the City of London are expresly nominated with direction for the setling of all others throughout England and Wales and limitation of their powers unto the sharp and rigorous penalties whereof all conscientious and orthodox Protestants of the Church of England were to be subject but the Independent brood consisting of all sorts of Schismaticks and Sectaries under the notion of Godly-men and tender conscienced to be at liberty ¶ And now to proceed As I have already taken notice that a personal Treaty with the King was voted by the Members at Westminster I shall here observe that all things being prepared for the same it began at Newport in the Isle of Wight upon the 18th of September the chief persons permitted to attend his Majesty there being these the Duke of Richmond the Marquess of Hertford the Earl of Lindsey and Earl of Southampton Gentlemen of his Bedchamber the Bishops of London and Salisbury Dr. Sheldon Dr. Hamond Dr. Oldsworth Dr. Sanderson Dr. Turner and Dr. Heywood Chaplains Sir Thomas Gardner Sir Orlando Bridgman Sir Robert Holburne Mr. Gessrey Palmer Mr. Thomas Cooke and Mr. Iohn Vaughan Lawyers The Members at Westminster imploying these the Earls of Northumberland Salisbury Middlesex the Viscount Say the Lord Wenman Denzil Holles and William Pierpont Esquires Sir Henry Vane junior Sir Harbotle Grymston Mr. Samuel Brown Sir Iohn Potts Mr. Crew Serjeant Glyn and Mr. Bulkley These other Divines for the King being afterwards added viz. Dr. Iames Vsher Archbishop of Armagh in Ireland and Dr. Ferne And for the Parliament Mr. Stephen Marshal Mr. Richard Vines Mr. Lazarus Seaman and Mr. Ioseph Caryll But withall as it is now most evident to the world that there was never any real purpose on the part of the Grandees at Westminster that the Treaty formerly at Uxbridge should take any good effect so was there less expectation here the King being then their prisoner and all his forces come to nothing for though they then gave way to this Treaty they were at that very time contriving and framing the formality of his absolute destruction of which the symptoms were visible enough during the whole continuance of that Treaty by sundry Petitions to the Members at Westminster all declaming bitterly against it Which Petitions as 't is well known were first fram'd by the Grandees themselves and then sent amongst the people to be subscribed according to their usual practice In most whereof it was desired that all Delinquents without exception might be brought to condigne punishment one whereof concluding thus from Psalm 149. ver 6 7 8 and 9. Let the high prayses of God be in the mouths of his Saints and a twofold Sword in their Hands to execute vengeance upon the Heathen and punishment upon the people to bind their Kings with chains and their Nobles with fetters of iron to execute upon them the Iudgments written This Honour have all his Saints Besides it is farther to be observ'd that after the destruction of this Scottish-Army at Preston and the reducing of Colchester Cromwell went into Scotland where he not onely laid the plot with the Marquess of Argyle for the destruction of the King and extirpation of Monarchy but by his help in the contrivance of that unparalel'd murther agree'd in the formalities conducing thereto ¶ And now as to this Treaty in the Isle of Wight 't is sufficiently known that it was on His Majestie 's part totally and singly managed by himself against all those subtile persons above-mentioned the Houses at Westminster not permitting him to have any assistant therein either Divines or others Also that it was perform'd by him with so much judgment gravity meekness and curtesie as not onely much astonisht but made converts of some that had been his greatest Enemies and were then his Antagonists there Wherein to manifest his earnest desires for the peace of those distracted Realms he was contented to devest himself totally in effect of his own Regal power for life and to trust those insatiable men with the exercise thereof as is apparently to be seen by the particular Articles then assented to by him viz. 1. As to the Militia he consented thereto as 't was required by their Proposition 2. For Episcopacy though he could not consent to the utter abolishing thereof yet he offered that it might be regulated and reduced to the primative usage and so setled and continued in the Church And in order thereto that it might be enacted that the Bishops should not act without the Council and assistance of the Presbyters in the exercises of Ordination and Iurisdiction and therefore desired the consent of the Houses in the one that he might the more freely give his assent unto the other Offering to lessen the extent or multiply the number of the Diocesses as should be agreed upon by both Houses 3. As to Bishops lands that he could not consent to the alienation of them but offred what he had done before for satisfaction of the Purchasers and Contracters which was for the enjoyment of them for a certain time being therein seconded by the opinion of many Divines who differ in other things that the alienation of them would be no less than Sacriledge 4. That he would confirm their Ordinance for the calling and sitting of the Assembly of Divines 5. That he would confirm the form of Church-government presented to him with the Directory and repeal those Statutes which enjoyn'd the use of Common Prayer and all this for three years provided that a consultation should be had between the Assembly of Divines and twenty of His Majestie 's nomination added to them in the mean time for the farther setling of the Church at the end of those three years and that Himself and His might have the use of the Comâ—â—prayer But for the new Articles of Religion His Majesty haveing not had time sufficient as yet for consideration of so weighty matters as concern Faith and Doctrine desired that that part of the Proposition might for the present be omitted 6. That he would confirm the Ordinance for â—wordsâ— better observation of the Lord's day provided that
a Block-house in the Sea not far from the Isle of Wight where the cold was most sharp and the Air very unwholsome as men inslam'd in this desperate condition they again took courage and held out a stout contest with the Independant-Party for the space of a whole day and night together And notwithstanding the many sharp Menaces which they had from the Sword-men on the other side they then Voted that the King's Answer to the Propositions from both Houses was a ground for them to proceed on to the settlement of the Kingdoms Peace Which put the Army into such a rage that they forthwith sent a Paper to the House by Pride and Hewson two of their Collonels requiring that the formerly impeached Members together with Major General Browne whom they charg'd to have been an Inviter of Duke Hamilton with the Scottish Army might be secured and brought to Iustice. As also that the Ninety and odd Members who refused to Vote against the late Scottish Engagement and all that Voted for recalling the Votes of Non-Addresses and likewise those that Voted for the late Treaty and that the King's concessions therein were a ground for the Houses to proceed to a settlement should be immediately suspended the House And that all such faithful Members as were innocent of those Votes should by protestation acquit themselves from any concurrence in them to the end they might be distinguished And scorning to make any long stay for an Answer to that their Paper they sent the next Morning certain Regiments of Horse and Foot to Westminster who setting Guards upon all the Avenues to the Parliament House seized upon one and Forty of the Members then Sitting viz. Major General Browne Mr. Iohn Buckley Colonel Birch Mr. Thomas Boughton Mr. Francis Buller Sir Iohn Clotworthy Mr. Lionel Copley Mr. Iohn Crew Sir Simonds D'ewes Knight and Baronet Mr. Drake Sir Walter Earle Mr. Nathaniel Fienes Mr. Giles Greene. Sir Gilbert Gerard. Sir Herbottle Grimston Kt. Mr. Francis Gerard. Sir Robert Harley Kt. Colonel Edward Harley Sir Anthony Irby Mr. Iohn Knightley Sir Martin Lyster Colonel Edward Leigh Mr. Lane Sir Samuel Luke Sir William Lewes Major General Massy Sir Iohn Merrick Sir Richard Onslow Mr. Henry Pelham Sir Robert Pye Kt. Mr. William Pryn. Mr. Preistley Sir Benjamin Rudyard Mr. William Strode Sir Thomas Soame Mr. Edward Stephens Mr. Iohn Swinfen Mr. Charles Vaughan Sir William Waller Mr. William Wheeler The Lord Wenman Mr. Clement Walker Of whose Names Mr. Hugh Peters one of their hot-headed Preachers came to take a List and then convey'd them into their great Victualling-house near Westminster-Hall called Hell where they kept them all night without any Beds Whence being driven a Prisoners through Snow and Rain by the Guards to several Inns in the Strand the Souldiers upbraided them in their passage that they were the men who had cousened the State of their Money and kept back the Armies Pay Which signal Act hapned the very day that their great Master Oliver Cromwel return'd from Scotland to Loudon And as they made Prisoners of these so they denyed entrance into the House unto above one hundred and Sixty more Whereupon the rest of the Presbyterian Party being terrified with this usage of their Fellow-Members declin'd the House leaving it to about an hundred and Fifty who for the most part being Officers of the Army perform'd whatsoever the Grandees of that Faction prompted them to do This Exclusion of those Members being call'd Colonel Pride 's Purge ¶ It is very well known to the world that throughout the whole course of this grand Rebellion it was the usual practise of the Presbyterians to make great advantages unto their Party by frequenting of Sermons and performance of other pretended exercises of Religion Amongst which the strict observance of such dayes as were set apart by their Leaders for Seeking of God as they call'd it by Fasting and Prayer and other wayes of Humiliation were not the least In which act of deluding the People they were at length grown to be such excellent Masters that when any transcendent work was to be done it was always ushered in with this sanctified veile under pretence that in the zealous performance of those Duties they did ask Council of the Lord and thereupon by some more than ordinary Illumination were directed to proceed in the business design'd Which notable example the Independants deeming fit to be imitated in order to their own High and Mighty designs they kept a Fast in the House of Commons upon the Eighth of December Where Mr. Stephen Marshall formerly the Great Bell-weather of the Presbyterian Flock Mr. Carrill and Hugh Peters Preacht that day to them under pretence of directing them to humble their Spirits now that God had so signally appeared to them in their great Victory over the Scots at Preston and other eminent manifestations Next to which devout work the remaining Members that sate after this Grand Purge damn'd all the Votes which the Presbyterians had made either in reference to the Treaty or to their secluded Brethren And within few days after divers of the Lords went to the General to express their good affections to him and concurrence with his purposes for the Common God as also to let his Excellency know that they would wave their Priviledges and Titles in case they should be found burthensome to the Liberties of the People And as the Lords had thus manifested their obsequiousness to the Army so did also the most Godly men of the House of Commons by subscribing a Protestation against the late Treaty with the King in the Isle of Wight but especially against that Vote of 5. Dec. allowing His Majesties Answer to the Propositions of Both Houses to be a ground for them to proceed on for a Settlement the names of which worthy Members I have here added Philip Lord Lisle Colonel Boswell Mr. Iohn Gourdon The Lord Grey of Groby Mr. Peregrine Pelham Colonel Iones Colonel Temple Colonel Ven. Sir Thomas Maleverer Sir Thomas Wrothe Sir Iohn Bourcher Colonel Peter Temple Mr. Humphry Edwards Mr. Thomas Chaloner Sir Gregory Norton Michael Old worth Augustine Garland Sir Iohn Danvers Mr. Dove Mr. Henry Smith Mr. Frye Mr. Searle Mr. Nicholas Love Mr. Iohn Lisle Colonel Rigby Mr. Cornelius Holland Colonel Ludlow Gregory Clement Colonel Purefoy Colonel Stapeley Mr. Dunch Mr. Cawley Colonel Downes Mr. Iohn Carey Mr. Iohn Blakeston Mr. Thomas Scott Colonel Hutchinson Sir Henry Mildmay Sir Iames Harington Colonel Edward Harvey Alderman Penington Alderman Atkins Mr. Daniel Blagrave Colonel Moore Colonel Millington Mr. Prideaux Mr. Roger Hill Mr. Dennis Bond. Colonel Harrington Mr. Hodges Mr. Benjamin Valentine The work being therefore thus smoothly carryed on to accomplish their chief design for murthering the King they remov'd him from Hurst-Castle to Winchester and thence to Farâ—ham-Castle in Hantshire And that they might effect their business with the greater Formality they held a
in the Margin whereof he had with his own hand Written many Annotations To the Duke of York his large Ring-Sun-Dial of Silver which His Majesty much valued it having been invented and made by Mounsieur De la mine an able Mathematician and who in a little Printed Book hath shewed its excellent use for resolving many Questions in Arithmetick and other rare operations in the Mathematicks to be wrought by it To the Princess Elizabeth his Daughter the Sermons of the most Learned Dr. Andrews sometimes Bishop of Winchester and Arch-bishop Laud's Book against Fisher the Jesuit which he said would ground her against Popery with Mr. Hooker's Ecclesiastical Policy As also a Paper to be Printed in which he asserted Regal Government to have a Divine Right with Proofs out of sundry Authors Civil and Sacred To his Son the Duke of â—aucester King Iames his works and Dr. Hamond's Practical Catechism To the Earl of Lindsey Cassandra To the Dutchess of Richmund his Gold Watch And to Mr. Herbert himselfe the Silver Clock which usually hung by his Bed-side Hereunto it will not seem impertinent I presume to add a Catalogue of the other Books which His Majesty had with him in this His disconsolate condition they being these Dr. Hamond's other Works Villalpandus upon Ezekiel c. Sands his Paraphrase upon King David's Psalmes Herbert's Divine Poems Godfrey of Bulloign Written in Italian by Torquato Tasso and Translated into English Heroick Verse by Mr. Fairfax a Poem which His Majesty much commended as he did Ariosto by Sir Iohn Harrington a Facetious Poet Spenser's Fairy Queen and the like for alleviating his Spirits after serious Studies Nor can I here omit to tell that this excellent Prince with his own hand Translated that Learned Discourse written in Latin by Dr. Saunderson afterwards Bishop of Lincolâ—e de Iuramentis which he caused Mr. Herbert and Mr. Harington to compare with the Original who found it most accurately done Those particulars are such whereof those who have publisht much of his Life and Reign have not taken notice To give a Character of his Eminent virtues I shall not need it being already so well done by Dr. Pireinchief in the short History which he hath publisht of his Life but shall take notice that his delight in Learning was such that he understood Greek Latin French Spanish and Italian Authors in their Original Languages which Three last he spake perfectly no man being better read in Histories of all sorts being able also to Discourse in most Arts and Sciences In one of his Books he wrote this Distich of Claudian Rebus in adversis facile est contemnere vitam Fortiter ille facit qui miser esse potest And out of another Poet against the Levellers and Antimonar chists then predominant Fallitur egregio quisquis sub principe credit Servitium Nunquam libertas gratior extat Quà m sub Rege pio Whereunto I shall add that after Mr. Herbert had much sollicited those who were then in Power that His Royal Corps might be Buryed in King Henry the Seventh's Chapel at Westminster near to the Grave of King Iames which they refused alledging the danger of much concourse to that place out of a superstitious respect they thereupon granted a Warrant to him bearing Date the Sixth of February for the Interring thereof at Windsor Hence it was that Mr. Herbert having often heard His Majesty speak with Great Honour of King Edward the Fourth from whom he was descended he resolved to Bury the Corps in that Vault under the Monument of that King which is betwixt the High Altar and the North Isle and gave order for the opening thereof accordingly but the Duke of Richmond Marquess of Hertsord Earl of Southampton and Earl of Lindsey coming to Windsor to perform their last duty of His Memory in seeing His Royal Corps decently Interred and walking up the Quire where they found by knocking on the Pavement an hollow found they caused the place to be opened it being near to the Seats and opposite to the Eleventh Stall on the Sovereign's side in which were Two Coffins one very large of King Henry the Eighth the other of Queen Iane his Third Wife both covered with Velvet whereupon they concluded to deposit it there It was therefore brought down accordingly out of the King's Lodgings in the upper Ward of the Castle into the Court the Air being then Serene but which is observable before they came to the Door of the Chapel there hapned Snow to fall which covered the Hearse of Black Velvet in which it was carryed that it was all White It being brought to the Grave the Reverend Dr. Iuxon Bishop of London who had been permitted to wait on His Majesty in the time of His Preparation for Death and on the Scaffold was there ready to have performed the Office of Burial as it is prescribed in the Publick Liturgy of the Church but the Governor of the Castle Colonel Whitchcot would not suffer it CHAP. XXXIII HAVING thus finished what I thought proper to be said in reference to His Late Majesty King Charles the First thus destroy'd by these great Pretenders to Godliness as hath been observed I shall now go on with the remainder of this Story until I come to the most happy and Miraculous Restoration of our present Sovereign King Charles the Second whom God long preserve and continually defend from the Infernal Plots and subtile Machinations of this dangerous Brood of Cruel men Proclamation being therefore made in London and afterwards throughout all England forbidding to Proclaim Prince Charles the Members remaining in the House of Commons passed an Act for thenceforth their Edicts were so called that such as had assented to the Vote of December the Fifth viz. that the King's concessions were a ground for the House to proceed to a settlement should not be re-admitted to Sit as Members As also that such as were then in the House and Voted in the Negative should first enter their dissent to the said Vote And that such as were absent should declare their disapproval before they Sate Soon after this they passed an Act for the setting up of another High Court of Justice for the Tryal of Duke Hamilton the Earl of Holand the Earl of Norwich Lord Capel and Sir Iohn Owen Which Court upon the Fifth of February met in the Painted-Chamber and Elected their President It being then also debated in the House of Commons whether they should continue the House of Lords as a Court of Judicatory or Consultatory only And the day following it being put to the Question both were carryed in the Negative and farther Voted that the House of Peers in Parliament was Useless and Dangerous and ought to be abolished and that an Act should be brought in for that purpose as also that the Peers should not be exempted from Arrests but did admit that they should be capable of being Knights and Burgesses in
Parliament in case they were elected ¶ The next thing of Note that hapned was the Proclaiming of Prince Charles at Edenborough in Scotland to be King of Great Britain France and Ireland his Royal Father being thus destroy'd But 't is to be noted that this Proclamation ran thus Whom all the Subjects of his Kingdom are bound humbly to obey maintain and defend according to the National Covenant betwixt the Two Kingdoms with their Lives and Goods against all deadly And that before he should be admitted to the exercise of His Royal Power he was to give satisfaction to that Kingdom in those things that concern'd the security of Religion the Union betwixt the Kingdoms and the Good and Peace of that Kingdom according to the National Covenant and the Solemn League and Covenant And for Establishing the Dominion of these Bloody Regicides at Weâ—tminâ—â—er the Members there Sitting went on Vigorously First Voting the absolute abolition of the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy Next in devising and appointing A new Stamp for Coyne And by Erecting a Council of State consisting of Thirty Persons viz. the Earles of Densigh Mulgrave Pembroke Salisbury Lord Grey of Warke Lord General Fairfax Lord Grey of Groby Lord L'isle Son to the Earl of Leicester Lord Chief Justice Rolls Lord Chief Justice St. Iohn Lord Chief Baron Wylde Lord President Bradshaw Lord General Cromwell Major General Skippon Sir Gilbert Pickering Sir William Masham Sir Arthur Haselrig Sir Iames Harrington Sir Henry Vane Jun. Sir Iohn Davers Sir William Armyn Sir Henry Mildmay Sir William Constable Alderman Penington Alderman Wilson Bulstrode Whitlock Esq Henry Martin Esq Colonel Ludlow Anthony Stepeley Esq William Heveningham Esq Robert Wallop Esq Iohn Hutchinson Esq Dennis Bond Esq Alexander Popham Esq Valentine Walton Esq Thomas Scot Esq William Purefey Esq Iohn Iones Esq But the Lord Grey of Warke waving that employment Mr. Iohn L'isle of Hantshire Cornelius Holand and Luke Robinson were added to this Number who were called the Committee of Estates appointed by Parliament ¶ It is not unworthy of Observation that as the Scots and this unhappy Long Parliament at the beginning of their desperate Practises against the King did declare that their whole Proceedings then were according to the Fundamental Laws So these wicked Regicides after their Bloody Murther of the King in answer to an Embassy from the Dutch expressed that these their Proceedings against the King were consistent with the Fundamental Laws of this Nation of England which were best known to themselves Nor was the project for their new Church-Discipline less notable as may seem by this following Petition and Advice which was presented to the General of their Army and the Council of War by many Christians as they call'd themselves dispersed abroad throughout the County of Norfolk and City of Norwich in these words That your Petitioners acknowledge themselves unspeakably engaged to the God of Heaven and Earth for his great Mercy to us in giving you Hearts to offer your selves so willingly among the People in the late Great undertaking of the Nation against the Enemies of the Peace thereof and Blessing your Faithful endeavours with such Glorious and wonderful successes whereby as the Lord hath put great Honour upon you Crowning your Valour with Victory and making you the War-like Glory of the World so hath be no less put great Obligations upon you all to exalt him that hath exalted you and to lift up his Glory in the World where he hath given you a name so Great and Glorious c. Therefore our dayly Prayers shall be for your selves and your Noble Army that you may never stumble at the stumbling-stone nor take the honour to your selves that is due to Christ nor be Instrumental for setting up of a meer Natural and Worldly Government like that of Heathen Rome Athens c. To which end we humbly pray that your selves would enter into Serious and Grave consideration and debate the Particulars in the Papers here humbly offered to you and also present them to the Honourably Parliament that they may be improved so far as shall be found agreeable to the will and word of God Which done we doubt not but God shall have much Glory the Godly Party shall be comforted Natural men enjoying their Estates will be at rest also and much satisfied and this Common-wealth will be exalted to be both an Habitation of Iustice and Mountain of Holiness even such a People as God shall Bless An humble Advice concerning the Government of the Kingdom according to the former Platform or Model 1. That you would stir up Godly Ministers and People throughout the Kingdom to Associate or incorporate into Church-Societies and grant them your special Favour Provision and Protection so shall you be Saints Nursing Fathers 2. That you would please to satisfie the Godly-dissenting Brethren both of Presbytery and Independency by such ways and means as your Wisdoms shall think fit how both their Interests may meet herein that so they may concur with one heart in the work 3. That Sister-Churches over-see such Incorporations and Imbodyings that only such as be of approved Godliness may have the Right-hand of Fellowship given to them 4. That such Churches where more of them are thus Collected and imbodyed in any Division Circuit Province c. may choose and send out some Delegates Members and Officers to Meet in one Sessions Lesser-Parliament Presbytery or Assembly for ordering of all such affaires as there occur according to the word if appertaining alone to that division 5. That all such Churches and the Members thereof have voices in Elections of such as are to sit in General Assemblies or Church-Parliaments so often as occasion is and those Elected to Sit there as Christ's Officers and the Churches Representatives and to determine all things by the word as that Law which God will exalt alone and make honourable 6. That you take special care to send out and encourage Godly Preachers that may go into the rest of the Kingdom to Preach the Gospel that so when others are converted and the Son of God makes them Free they may enjoy the former Freedom with the rest of the Saints And in father order to the utter abolishing of Kingly Government they appointed all those Antick and most Venerable Regalia conserved in the Treasury at Westminster and chiefly made use of at the Magnificent Coronations of the Kings of the Realm and solemn Proceedings to Parliament And also the costly Hangings precious Jewels with other of the Kings Goods and rich Furniture for his several Princely Palaces to be sold. And within few days following caused the Heads of Iames Duke of Hamilton Henry Earl of Holand with that truly Noble Arthur Lord Capel to be cut off Touching whose actings against them having already made some brief mention I shall only take notice of their dealing with Duke Hamilton a little before his Execution which was that in order to his discovery
Iohn Lisle Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal Henry Lawrence Lord President of his Privy-Council Charles Fleetwood his Son in Law Robert Earl of Warwick Edmund Earl of Mulgrave Edward Earl of Manchester William Viscount Say and Sele Iohn Cleypole his other Son in Law and Master of his Horse Philip Lord Lisle eldest Son to the Earl of Leicester Charles Howard of Waworth Castle Philip Lord Wharton Thomas Lord Fauconbridg Iohn Desborough Edw. Montagu Admirals 〈◊〉 Sea George Lord Eure. Bulstrod Whitlock Sir Gilbert Pickering Kt. Collonel William Sydenham Sir Charles Wolfesley Baronet Major General Skippon Strickland Collonel Philip Iones Richard Hampden Sir William Strickland Francis Rous Esq Iohn Fiennes Esq Sir Francis Russell Baronet Sir Thomas Honywood Kt. Sir Arthur Haselrigg Baronet Sir Iohn Hobart Sir Richard Onslow Kt. Sir Gilbert Gerard. Sir William Roberts Kt. Iohn Glyn his Chief Justice of the Upper-Bench Oliver St. Iohn his Chief Justice of the Common-Pleas William Pierpont Esq Iohn Iones Esq Iohn Crew Esq Alexander Popham Esq Sir Christoph. Pack Alderman Sir Rob. Tichburne Alderman Made Kts. by Cromwel Edward Whalley one of his Major Generals Sir 〈…〉 but 〈◊〉 sold Thimbles and Bodkins Sir George Fleetwood another of his Knights Sir Thomas Pryde another of his Knights formerly a Dray-man Collonel Richard Ingoldesby Sir Iohn Heuson another of his Knights formerly a Cobler Iames Berrey one of his Major Generals formerly Clerk to a Forge Collonel William Goffe Thomas Cooper Edmund Thomas George Monke then Commander in Chief of his Forces in Scotland David Earl of Cassils in Scotland Sir William Lockart another of his Knights Sir Archib Iohnston a Scotchman William Steele his Lord Chancelour of Ireland The Lord Broghil Brother to the Earl of Corke in Ireland Sir Matthew Tomlinson another of his Knights The Sitting of which House began upon the twentieth of Ianuary at which time likewise those of the Commons who had formerly declined to sign the Recognition were freely admitted But so much were those new Lords despised and scorned by the Honse of Commons that the Protector finding no advantage by their Sitting Dissolved that his Second Parliament Which was not more slow in complying with his advancement than the Royallists were forward in their contrivances for pulling him down But so great was his vigilancy and no less his cost whereby he had allured some Birds of that Feather that the Consultations of his Adversaries were no sooner had than apparently discovered so that when ever he pleased he could take them in his Net as he always did when he thought that examples of severity might be for his advantage It being therefore once more expedient to renew those terrors to the people he caused his bloody Theatre called the High-Court of Iustice to be again erected in Westminster-Hall where for the more formalities sake the persons whom he did design for destruction were brought the one Dr. Iohn Heuit a Reverend Divine the other Sir Henry Slingsby Kt. a Yorkshire Gentleman of great Loyalty and Valour who being charged with High Treason against his Protectorship and stoutly denying the Authority of that Tribunal had Sentence of death soon passed upon them which they did accordingly suffer with great magnanimity though there was no little endeavour used for to save their lives his Daughter Claypole whose interest otherwise with him was beyond expression solliciting for the Doctor with all earnestness that could be But it concerning him at that time so much in point of Policy to sacrifice some for a terror to others neither her incessant Supplication nor Tears could prevail which brought upon her such excessive grief of mind that falling into a sharp fit of sickness wherein crying out against him for Dr. Heuits blood she dyed with the most bitter torments imaginable Which death of hers was the fore-runner to that of this wicked Tyrant for soon after a deep Melancholy seized closely upon him in which the guilt of so much innocent blood as he had spilt might perhaps somewhat touch him But without doubt that which stuck nearest to him was his real consideration that he could never ascend unto such an height of Sovereignty as his ambitious desires had long gaped after For he plainly saw that the Anabaptists and Fifth-Monarchy men whom in order to the destruction of his lawful Sovereign he had so much cherisht then were and were ever like to be as thorns in his sides and blocks in his way thereto And which is more that not only Fleetwood his Son in Law whom privately he had designed to be his Successor in the Government was an especial friend and favourer of those desperate Fanatics but that Desborough Sir Gilbert Pickering Collonel Sydenham and many other of his Council were underhand well-wishers to Lambert and his party who were known enemies to all Monarchick Rule and consequently to that wherein he had so long aimed to be setled Which sorrows and perplexities of his restless mind meeting with some Natural infirmities of his Body struck him into a sharp and Feaverish distemper whereat his Physicians expressing their thoughts he told them that if they supposed him in a dying condition they were utterly mistaken forasmuch as he had been comforted with Revelations to the contrary Nay he was farther so transported with those vain Enthusiasms and had such brain-sick persons about him even those of his Chaplains who were equally possest with such giddy-headed conceipts that they foolishly dreamed and fancyed as much and told it in publick that having sought God by Prayer for the prolongation of his life they received such assurances of his grant to their Petitions that they not only gave out that he effectually recovered but kept a solemn Thanksgiving for the same at Hampton-Court where he then lay Which strange and bold confidence caused forthwith his removal from thence to White-Hall where he had not been from that time many days but his Physician allarm'd them with his near approaching death Which so awakened the best of his Friends that they soon fell to enquiry whom he intended for his Successor But so little sense had he then of that question that he made them an answer no whit to the purpose Whereupon they askt him whether it was not his Son Richard to which he made them some signs of assent But farther enquiring of his last Will and Testament whereby they presumed that he had nominated his Successor he directed them to his Closet and other places for search but all to no purpose for nothing could be found In which discomposure departing this life upon the third of September to the end that the Government might not fall to the ground some few of the Council giving out that Richard was according to the Instrument the Person declared they immediately caused him to be Proclaimed Protector Having thus traced this Monster to his death which happened on the same day of the month whereon he had been twice wonderfully victorious
and Chandos they broke down the Monuments made the Body of the Church a Stable for their Horses and the Chancel their Slaughter-House To the Pulpit they fastned Pegs on which they hang'd the Carcasses of Sheep Of the Communion-Table they made a Dresser or Chopping-board to cut their Meat Into the Vault where lay the Bodies of those Noble Persons they cast the Guts and Garbage of the Sheep leaving in every Corner of the Church their own loathsom Excrements At Elvaston in Derby-shire about this time Sir Iohn Gell's Souldiers after their Plunder of the Lady Stanhope's House demolished a Costly Monument newly made for Sir Iohn Stanhope entred the Vault wherein many of his Ancestors lay Interred and Triumphing over the Dead thrust their Swords into the Coffins About the beginning of March another of their Armies entred Lichfield under the Conduct of the Lord Brooke Where the Souldiers notwithstanding that Lord lost his life in the Assaulting that Cathedral upon St. Chad's Day to which Saint it was Dedicated exercised the like Barbarisms as were done at Worcester in demolishing all the Monuments pulling down the curious Carved work battering in pieces the Costly Windows and destroying the Evidences and Records belonging to that Church which being done they stabled their Horses in the Body of it kept Courts of Guard in the Cross-Ifles broke up the Pavement poluted the Quire with their Excrements every Day hunted a Cat with Hounds throughout the Church delighting themselves in the Eccho from the goodly Vaulted Roof and to add to their wickedness brought a Calf into it wrapt in Linnen carried it to the Font Sprinkled it with water and gave it a Name in scorn and derision of that Holy Sacrament of Baptism And when Prince Rupert recovered that Church by force Russel the Governour carried away the Communion Plate and Linnen with whatsoever else was of value About the same time also the like spoile and prophanation was done by Oliver Cromwell and his followers in Lincoln Minster tearing up all that beautiful Pavement in the upper part of the Quire watering their Horses at the Font. And at the same time pull'd down two of the Parish-Churches of that Antient City for the better opportunity of their Fortifications At Lestithiell also in Cornwall when the Earl of Essex was there with his Army one of his Souldiers brought a Horse into the Church led him up to the Font and made another hold him whilst he Sprinkled water on his Head and said I signe thee with the signe of the Cross in token thou shalt not be ashamed to fight against the Round-Heads at London with a deale more of such Balsphemous stuff blowing up that Church with Gunpowder at their departure I pass by the mention of Exeter Peterborough Salisbury Gloucester and divers other fair Cathedrals besides divers goodly Callegiate-Churches with many of the Chappels in the University of Combridge which tasted of their outrages about that time being so much Defaced as that they will remain to posterity for infamous badges of their barbarous impieties And that it may appear that their great Masters the Londoners did very well approve of these their doings they did by a publique Act of Common Council Order the pulling down to the ground of that goodly Monument of Christianity the Cross in West-Chepe Whereupon to make the Fact the more notoâ—ious it was accordingly demolished in die Inventionis S. Crucis with sound of Trumpets and noise of several Instruments as if they had obtain'd some notable Victory against the Enemies of the Christian Faith So that if we may Credit Ingulphus one of our most Antient Historiographers and other Authentick Writers touching the Danish-outrages towards the Christians in this Nation about the Year of Christ DCCCLX who speaking of their Barbarisms at Medeshampsted now called Peterborough saith Altaria omnia suffossa Monumenta omnia confracta Sanctorum Librorum Bibliothecae combusta c. And at Crouland Omnia Sanctorum sepulchra conftracta Monumenta omnia sacraque volumina sua cum corporibus Sanctorum combusta inestimabili dolore omnes consternati sunt planctusque pleatus diutissimè suctus est these wicked Men have come nothing short of the Example But to these pure Reformers Barnes and Stables are of equal esteem with Churches and Holy-Oratories and a Ditch or a Dunghill thought as fit for Purial as any Sepulcher or other place Consecrated for that purpose for Testimony whereof take Sir William Waller's Lieutenant General 's word who having received a Message from Sir Iohn Boys Governour of Dunnington-Castle for His Majesty whereby it was signified to him that the number of the Rebels Bodies which were slain in the assault of that Castle were so many that he could not give them Christian-Burial and therefore out of a Charitable Respect tendred liberty to take them off and do it elsewhere returned answer in these words That he conceived no Holiness to be in any place or Burial and that all Earth was fit for that use Against which Hethenish Principle I shall tell you what their own Mr. William Prynne hath said in his Book Intituled The Antipatby of English Lordly-prelacy Wherein complaining of Pandulphus Bishop of Norwich who perswaded K. Iohn as he saith to submit himself to Stephen Langton Arch-bishop of Canterbury and others that had interdicted the Realm he cryeth in these very words Let me inform you that during the time of this Interdict all Ecclesiastical Sacraments ceased in England except Confession and the Viaticum in extream necessity and the Baptisme of Infants so as the Bodies of Dead-men were carried out of Towns and Villages and Buried like Dogs in High-ways and Ditches without Prayers and the Ministry of Priests Whereby it is plain in Mr. Prynns opinion that Burial without Prayers and the Ministry of Priests is like the Burial of Dogs And therefore what Burial this of Sir William Waller's Lieutenant General or that which the new Directory lately establisht by Ordinance of Parliament as they call it directeth is like whereat no Ceremony shall be used or any Prayers or Reading I leave to any indifferent judgment But to return to our precious Reformers who were so hardned by the daily exercise of new out-rages that the Members at Westminster at length for their credit though fit to have a total devastation of whatsoever was comely in the Church or decent for the service of God and this to be done by an Ordinance for abolishing of superstition for that was the Title of it viz. that all representations or sculptures in any Cathedral Collegiate or Parish-Church or Chappel or any other place within this Kingdom shall be defaced and utterly demolished and that all Organs the frames or cases wherein they stand in all Churches and Chappels shall be utterly defaced And that the Chancel-ground of every Church or Chappel raised for any Communion-Table to stand on shall be levelled with the
B. Ib. p. 403. D. The second Parliament of K. Charles I. dissolved 15. Junii An. 1626. 2 Car. 1. Ib. p. 419. B. C A Loan of money required by the K. Ship-money required Privy Seals Ib. p. 420. A Benevolence proposed Ib. p. 422. An. 1626. Short View of the Life of K. â— Charles impr Lond. 1658. p. 46. An. 1627. Rushw. Coll. p. 428. E. p. 429. 27 Junii Ib. F. * 8 Nov. Ib. p. 469. Life of King Charles by Dr. Perenchef impr Lond. 1676. An. 1627. 3 Car. I. Rushw. Coll. p. 480. C. The third Parliament of K. Charles I. 17 Martii Ib. p. 481. D. Ib. p. 531. B. 26 Junii 1628. Ib. p. 644. B. Ib. D. Short View of the Life of K. Charles p. 26. Rushw. Coll. p. 647. C. Ib. p. 651. C. Ib. p. 656. C. An. 1628. * Febr. Ib. p. 670. F. Short view of the life of K. Charles p. 53. The third Parliament of King Charles the first dissolved 2. Martii Rushw. Coll. p. 672. A. Planting Schismatical Lecturers * Hist. of the Presbyterians by Dr. Heylin p. 11. 12. * Hist. of the life and death of Archbish. Laud. p. 9. Buying in impropriate Tythes for their support * Ib. p. 211. 212. Ib. p. 311 312. The absurdity and ill effects of them Their practising of military Discipline His Majesties Declaration printed at London An. 1639. p. 6. Ib. p. 7. Ib. p. 9. An. 1633. An. 1634. The Inland parts charg'd with Ships for defence of the Realm A usual mask for evil designs Hist. of Arch-Bishop Laud's life c. p. 92. 93. Multitudo ubi religione capta est potius vatibus quam Ducibus suis paret Curtius lib. 4. An. 1637. The Service-book sent into Scotland King Charles his large Declaration p. 16. Ib. p. 17. Ib. p. 18. 19. Ib. p. 19. Ib. p. 22. Ib. p. 23 24 25. 23 Julii 1637. Tumults at Edenborough by reason of the Service-book * Ib. p. 26 27. Ib. p. 31. 17. Oct. 1637. 1638. Ib. p. 35. 18. Oct. Ib. p. 37. Ib. p. 41. Ib. p. 47. * 19. Febr. 1638. Ib. p. 40. Tables of Advice erected The first Covenant by the Scots His Majesties Declaration Ib. p. 40. * Dated at Windsor 20 May 1638. The Marq. of Hamilton sent into Scotland to appease the people there Ib. p. 85. 86. Ib. p. 88. Ib. p. 96. 28. Junii Ib. p. 110. 111. 22 Sept. Ib. p. 137. Ib. p. 147. Ib. p. 156. 24 Sept. Ib. p. 188 189. Ib. p. 195. * 13. Oct. Ib. p. 197. Ib. p. 208. Ib. p. 210. Ib. p. 226. An. 1534. 25. H. 8. Holinsh p. 936. 937. Ib. p. 228. Ib. p. 229. 230. Ib. p. 224. 28. Oct. Ib. p. 248. Ib. p. 264. Ib. p. 281 282 283. Ib. p. 287. 27 Nov. Ib. p. 290. 29. Nov. The Assembly at Glasgow dissolved Ib. p. 294. Ib. p. 317. Episcopal Government abolish'd in Scotland Ib. p. 319. Ib. p. 366. * 18 Dec. Ib. p. 375. Ib. p. 402. Ib. p. 404. The Scots put themselves in Arms. The King raised an Army whereof he made the Earl of Arundel General 27 Martii 1639. * 28 Maii at the Birks The King's Declaration since the Pacification in the Camp near Barwick p. 3. 4. Ib. p. 17. * 17 Junii Articles of Pacification with the Scots * 20 Junii Ib. p. 17. Ib. p. 19. Ib. p. 20 * 2 Julii * 20 Julii Ib. p. 30. August Novemb. * Earl of Dumfermelyn Lord Lowdon * 5 Dec. Ib. p. 41. 18. Dec. Scots raise more forces Jan. 1639. Act. 34. Ib. p. 57. * The King's Declaration printed at Lond. 1639. Ib. p. 8. * Sir Henry Vane junior * Preface to the Memoires of the lives of James and William D. of Hamilton Impr. Lond. 1677. 1640. An. 1640. 13 Apr. The Short Parliament call'd The Short Parliament dissolved 5 Maii. 9 Maii. * 11 Maii. 11 Julii Ad. 38. * 17. Aug. The first Invasion of the Scots * 18 Aug. * 28 Aug. A grand Council of the Peers at York 24 Sept. 9. Oct. Treaty at Rippon The long Parliament began 3. No. Will. Lenthal of Lincolns Inn being Speaker * 9 Nov. * 11 Nov. The Earl of Strafford impeach'd of Treason * 13 Nov. * 18 Dec. * 19 Dec. * 21 Dec. * 14 Jan. * 5 Febr. * 11 Febr. * 28 Nov. * 11 Dec. * 15 Dec. * 16 Dec. * 29 Jan. * 10 Febr. * 11 Febr. 1641. * 10. Martii * 2. Febr. * 16. Martii Tryal of the E. of Strafford * 22. Martii * 23. Martii An. 1641. * 3. Apr. * 5. Apr. * 7. Apr. * 19. Apr. * 12. Maii * 3 Maii Pretended Plots and Conspiracies * 5 Maii. * 7 Maii. * 10 Maii. * 12 Maii. * 13 Maii. * 14 Maii. * 17 Maii. * 17 Junii * 24 Julii * 16 Aug. Posture of Defence Bill for perpetuating the Parliament * 7 Maii. * 9 Junii * Lord Say sworn Master of the Wards 17 Maii. Earl of Leicester made Deputy of Ireland 19 Maii Earl of Essex made Lord Chamberlain 29 Julii Oliver St. John made Sollicitor General The King went into Scotland * 2 Aug. * Will. Strode * 12 Aug. The grand Remonstrance * 19 Oct. * 20 Oct. * 31 Oct. Alderman Penington and others made a Committee for setting up Preaching Ministers 19 Dec. A. 1640. * Dr. Downing * Exact Col. p. 543. * 23 Oct. The Rebellion in Ireland * 22 Junii * 3 Julii * Sir William Parsons one of the Lords â—ustices in that Kingdom and Sir Adam Loftus Vice-Treasurer there persons experimentally known to have much adhered to and furthered the designs of these Rebellious contrivers in England that an Army of a thousand Scots was to arrive in Ireland to force the Catholicks to change their Religion and that Ireland could never do well without a Rebellion to the end the remnant of the Natives might be extirpated wagers being laid at the general Assizes by divers of them that within one year no Catholick should be left in Ireland * See his Majesties Answer to the two Papers concerning Ireland printed with the full and perfect Narrative of the Treaty at Uxbridge p. 212. * See the full Relation of the Treaty at Uxbridge p. 133. 136. * Impr. Londan 1658. p. 86. * 25 Oct. * 30 Oct. * 12 Nov. * 14 Nov. * 15 Nov. * 20 Nov. * Exact Coll. p. 1. * 22 Nâ— * 25 Nov. The King returned from Scotland * 26 Nov. * 27 Nov. * 29 Nov. 30 Nov. 1 Dec. * Exact Coll. p. 22. * 11 Dec. * 15 Dec. * Exact Coll. p. 532. * 19 Dec. * 26 Dec. * 27 Dec. * 28 Dec. * 29 Dec. * Exact Coll. p. 533. * 31 Dec. * 31 Dec. 1 Jan. 4 Jan. See the Articles against them Exact Coll. p. 34. * 7 Jan. * 8 Jan. The King with the Queen Prince and D. of York
in the House tending thereto first by a Proposal of four then five nay six were mention'd and the motion not dislik'd told them peremptorily that it was in vain for them to think of less than twelve in regard he knew under that number would not be accepted And having by that sinister dealing kept such distance betwixt his Majesty and his good Subjects was by some other of the faction so seconded with a hideous representation of their Grievances together with dangerous Innovations in Religion and fears of introducing Superstition besides certain motions as did not without cause put strange apprehensions in the Queen of peril to her person or at least some others very near unto her that his Majesty was constrain'd to dissolve that Parliament And taking consideration of the Scots rebellious Insolencies which every day increased proposed the business of money to his Privy-Council who contributed a considerable sum to his aid his domestic-Servants and Officers making good addition thereto The Earl of Strafford Lord Lieutenant of Ireland speedily hasting into that Kingdom where he call'd a Parliament raised an Army of eight thousand men with money to maintain them and within the space of six weeks return'd into England That the meeting of these Members of Parliament from all parts of the Realm being many of them men of turbulent Spirits and principles totally Antimonarchical gave opportunity for those contrivances which afterwards were put in Action there is nothing more sure For in the first place they took care to infuse Fears and Iealousies into the people every where that the Government was then design'd to be Arbitrary and Popery like to be introduced to promote which Scandals many seditious Preachers took no small pains in their Pulpits especially in and about London Whereupon several tumultuous meetings were made in divers parts of the Suburbs and a Paper set up in the night at the old Exchange animating the Apprentices to sack Lambeth House Which took such effect that two nights following it was beset with above five hundred of the rascal multitude and an attemt made thereon though without success some of them being taken and imprisoned in Southwark But here they rested not for within a few nights after they broke open the White-Lion and King's-bench Prisons and let out their fellows The Scots also having made such preparations for a second Rebellion continued likewise their Parliament according to the Fundamental Laws as their phrase was having enacted a Band to be subscribed by all men before the first of September to maintain it to be a free and lawful Parliament whereupon they form'd another Army and knowing certainly what store of well-wishers they had in this Kingdom as also how easy the work was like to be made through the subtile contrivances of the factious party here from whom they were sufficiently instructed and animated by private Invitations and large promises invaded this Realm passing the Twede at Barwick But the King being slow to believe what they designed was not so forward as to encounter them upon the Borders his Army which he rais'd that Summer lying at that time about New-Castle of which the Earl of Northumberland was made General who alledging himself to be then ill in health staid in London His Majesty therefore having certain advertisement that the Scots were ready to enter Northumberland intended to have made the Earl of Strafford General who declin'd it out of an honoured respect to the Earl of Northumberland but being much pressed in regard of this present occasion desired to serve as Lieutenant general under him and had his Commission accordingly On Thursday the twentieth of Aug. the King set forwards from London towards the North and on Munday following the Earl of Strafford having in that short time fitted himself for his journey posted from London by Coaches and arriving at York the Wednesday after though then much troubled with the Stone rode to Topcliffe on Fryday At that time the Lord Conway was General of the Horse and at Newcastle with the Army Where by reason of the General 's and Lieutenant-General's absence he had the cheif command thereof but made such slender resistance that the Scots forc'd their passage over the River of Tine at Newburne that very Friday and entred Newcastle without opposition himself then retreating with the Army towards York and in some confusion And now that the Scots had thus possess'd themselves of Newcastle they began to strengthen that place and bring all those Northern-parts under contribution Which strange passages made most men amazed scarce any man knowing whom to trust or speak freely to Much labour indeed there was to make the people believe that all this did work for their good and that the Scots were their surest friends this being the certain way to have a Parliament and that the undoubted cure of all things amiss both in Church and State And truly such a burthen was Ship-money then esteem'd to be and some few other extraordinary Impositions so wanton were many grown being surfeited with that plenty which long peace had produc'd that the Scots then had not a few well-wishers in all parts of this Realm their piety and goodness being so cried up by the whole Puritan-party His Majesty therefore in this difficult Labyrinth took resolution to summon a meeting of the Peers at York a course which had anciently been used especially when exigencies were so great that the Convention of a Parliament could not be staid for and at the meeting of this grand Council represented to them the present danger of this Invasion with desire of their advice touching the maintenance of his Army as not safe to be disbanded whilst the Scotish-Forces were on foot as also what course was fittest to be taken to get them out Whereupon without long deliberating a Treaty was determin'd on and for that end sixteen of the Lords then present were assign'd on the King's part to meet with Eleven of the Scots with power to compose and conclude all differences Whereunto the Scots assented upon condition that the King should first revoke his Proclamation whereby he had declared them Traitors COMMISSIONERS Of the English these Francis Earl of Bedford William Earl of Hertford Robert Earl of Essex William Earl of Salisbury Robert Earl of Warwick Iohn Earl of Bristol Henry Earl of Holland Thomas Earl of Berkshire Philip Lord Wharton William Lord Paget Edward Lord Kymbolton Robert Lord Brook Iohn Lord Paulet Edw. L. Howard of Escrick Thomas Lord Savile Francis Lord Dunsmore Of the Scots these Iohn Earl of Rothess Ch. Earl of Dumfermeling Iohn Lord Lowdon Sir Patrick Hepburne of Waughtone Sir Will. Douglas of Cavers William Drummond of Riccarton Iohn Smith Bailiff of Edenborough Alexand Wedderburn Clerk of Dundee Hugh Kennedy Burgess of Aire Alexander Henderson Archibald Iohnstone Which Treaty began at Rippon upon the ninth of October but what good effect it was like to produce we
the late Wars being Apprentices and not served out their times and others that had so served the Common-wealth who were fit for Trades should exercise any Trade that to such as had served the Parliament and Common-wealth in England Scotland or Ireland by the space of four years at any time since the year 1642. and before the third of September an 1651. and not revolted to the Kings-party or deserted the service or that had served two years in the Wars of Scotland or Ireland in the Service of the Common-wealth since the third of September 1651. and before the first of August 1654. Likewise a third Act appointing Visitors for both Universities Also for the Schools of Westminster Winchester Merchant-Tailors-School and Eaton-Colledge-School CHAP. XXXVII THEN he called a Parliament to meet at Westminster upon the third of September and on the day following went thither from White-Hall in State the manner thus First a Marshall with his Staff Then all the Life-Guard and his Domestick-Officers with some well-affected Citizens viz. his Draper and other Tradesmen in rank three and three on Foot bare-headed Next a rich Coach drawn by six Horses in the hinder end whereof he himself sate the Lord Lambert on his left side and the Lord Lawrence President of his Council on the right the Lord Strickland and Captain Howard Captain of his Life-Guard walking on Foot Then the Lord Claypole Master of his Horse on Horseback leading the Horse of State with a Rich Saddle curiously Embroydered with Gold and Pearl Next a War-Horse led with Pistols at the Saddle After this another rich Coach wherein sate the Lord Keepers of the Great Seal and two Serjeants at Arms with their Maces Then another rich Coach wherein rode the Secretaries of State Thus with all his Guard of Gray-coats having new Halberts and twelve Footmen in like Liveries they went to the Abby-Church at Westminster where Mr. Iohn Goodwyn Preacht and from thence on Foot to the Painted Chamber the Lord Lambert carrying the Sword before him Where standing by a rich Chair set by the Wal on that side the Room towards the Lord's House he made a long speech to them wherein using many canting expressions he told them they came that day to settle not only the Interest of three great Nations but of all the Christian-people in the World he talkt likewise very much of Healing and Setling and of the danger by the Levelling party Also of those who had only a form of Godliness but not the power thereof He likewise complain'd of an Extremity that as formerly he said none having a good Testimony and who had received Gifts from Christ might Preach if not Ordained That then on the other hand many who were Ordained had Antichristianism stampt upon their calling so that he ought not to Preach nor be heard As also that there was inveighing against such as denyed Liberty to those who had earned it with their Blood who had gained civil liberty and Religious also Next he toucht upon those many honest people as he call'd them whose hearts were sincere many of them as he said belonging to God viz. the mistaken notions of the fifth-Monarchy men a thing pretending more to Spirituality than any thing else affirming that Liberty and Property were not the Badges of the Kingdom of Christ who instead of regulating Laws would have Laws subverted and bring in the Judaical Laws He told them also of the advantages which the common Enemy id est the Royalists did make by those their divisions Likewise of the endeavours here by the Emissaries of the Jesuits of the decay in their Trade by the War with Portugal Dutch and French and the remedy applyed was that Government calculated for the Interest of the people instancing what Reformation had been aimed at by it that is to say the Reforming the Laws and putting the administration of them into the hands of just men Also to put a stop to every man who would make himself a Preacher and that That work was committed to the trust of persons both of the Presbyterian and Independent judgments of as known ability and integrity as any this Nation then had Men as he said who had put such into that great imployment who had received Gifts from him that ascended on high and had Gifts for the work of the Ministry and for the edifying of the Body of Christ. He told them also that That Government had been instrumental to the calling of that Parliament which they saw there that day Saying it was a free Parliament He told them likewise what Peace they had with Neighbour Princes and of a people which were brought out of Aegypt towards the Land of Canam but through unbelief murmuring and repining and other temptations and sins wherewith God was provoked they were fain to go back again and linger many years in the Wilderness He also added that they had cause to take notice how that they were not brought into misery but that a door of Hope was open And that if the Lords blessing and his presence went along with the management of affairs at that meeting they would be enabled to put the top Stone to their work and make the Nation happy He likewise told them that they were like to the people under Circumcision but raw their Peace being but newly made and that it was one of the great ends of calling that Parliament that their Ship of the Commen-wealth might be brought into safe Harbour perswading them therefore to a Sweet Gracious and holy understanding of one another And concluded that he had not spoke those things to them as one that assumed to himself Dominion over them but as one that did resolve to be a fellow-Servant with them to the Interest of those great affairs and of the people of these Nations And so dismissing them they went to the House of Commons and chose William Lenthall their Speaker But instead of falling to work as the Protector had directed in his Speech so great was the Ambition of those who had been Members of the late long Parliament to get the sole power into their hands again that after some private discourses amongst one another they fell to clandestine plots for the pulling down this their great Master and setting up themselves in their old Tyrannical Dominion again To which end they fell to making Speeches in derogation of the Lord Protector 's Authority pressing earnestly that those Members of the good old Parliament as they call'd it which were then by Gods providence as they said so met together should forthwith declare for and reassume their just and rightful Power Which motion being backt with many plausible Arguments found at that time such favourers in the House that the promoters of it hourly got ground upon those of the contrary party The debate therefore holding on with much eagerness and drawing very near to a dangerous issue did so awaken the Protector who discern'd his own certain ruine
reliqua cum iisdem MSS. summa fide diligentia collata Totum opus in duos Tomos divisum Gul. Beveregius Ecclesiae Angl. Presbyter recensuit Prolegomenis munivit Annot. auxit Catalogus impressorum librorum Bibliothecae Bodleianae in Acad. Oxon Historia Universitatis Oxoniensis duobus voluminibus comprehensa Autore Antonio à Wood. Oxonia illustrata sive omnium celeberrimae istius Universitatis Collegiorum Aularum c. Scenographia per Dav. Loggan Plantarum Umbelliferarum distributio nova per tabulas cognationis affinitatis ex libro naturae observata detecta Aut. Rob. Morrison Prof. Botanico The History of Lapland Marmora Oxoniensia ex Arundelianis Seldenianis aliisque conslata c. cum notis Lydiati aliorum The Natural History of Oxford-Shire being an Essay towards the Natural History of England By R. Plot. L. L. D. Theatri Oxoniensis Encaenia sive Comitia Philologica Iul. 6. Anno 1677. 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Lydiati Canones Chronologici nec non series summorum Magistratuum Triumphorum Romanorum Saul and Samuel at Endor or the new ways of Salvation and Service which usually tempt Men to Rome and detain them there truly represented and refuted by Dan. Brevint D. D. with the vindication of his Missale Rom. the second Impression A Paraphrase and Annotations upon the Epistles of St. Paul to the Romans Corinthians and Hebrews The Ladies Calling The Government of the Tongue The Art of contentment The Lively Oracles given to us Or the Christians Birth-right and duty in the custody and use of the Holy Scripture these four by the Author of the whole Duâ—y of Man Zenophon Graec. A Short Dissertation concerning Free-Schools beingan Essay towards a History of the Free-Schools of England by Christopher Wase of St Mary Hall Oxon. Superiour Beadle
now plainly see Eleven of those sixteen English Lords which were chosen on his Majesties part being afterwards Actors or Assisters in the late war against him The first demand there made by the Scots Commissioners being no less then forty thousand pounds a month for maintenanne of their Army during the Treaty Which tho not directly granted was so far yielded to as that the Assessment impos'd by them upon the Countie of Northumberland Bishopric of Durham and Town of Newcastle should stand good for the raising of Eight hundred and fifty pounds a day allowance for the space of two months to begin upon the sixteenth of that instant October And that there should be a cessation of Arms the Scots Army to be confin'd on the North part the River Tese and the English to the South thereof CHAP. VII WHich footing thus gotten by the Scots in the North gave no small encouragement to their well-wishers in the South especially in London who in contemplation also of the ensuing Parliament which by his Majesty was summon'd to meet upon the third of November following were not a little animated in divers bold Enterprizes for scandalous papers and Libels were frequently thrown in the streets against the Bishops Yea so bold were the multitude grown by the example of the Scots in an 1637 and through the incitation of many Citizens and others of note who would not then shew themselves that on the 22th of October a rabble of no less than Two thousand Brownists and the like Sectaries entred St. Paul's Cathedral where the high Commission Court then sat tore down all the Benches and cried out No Bishop No High Commission To the consideration of which Parliament begun on the third of November accordingly did the King represent the safety and security of this Realm earnestly desiring that care might be speedily taken for riddance of the Scots which had thus invaded the North and to satisfy their just Grievances promised his hearty concurrence desiring that his Army might not be suffer'd to disband for want of pay before the Rebels for so he then call'd the Scots were put out And that they would lay aside all suspicions to the end it might become a happy Parliament resolving to cast himself wholly upon the love and affection of his English Subjects But the house of Commons consisting of the same or persons worse affected then those in April before the prevalent party purging the House of divers persons whom they concieved would not comply with their destructive enterprises for such they either finding fault with their Elections or making them criminals as to some public Grievances though others of a deeper guilt were not touch'd whose offences might make them obnoxious to their power or obsequious to their designs went slowly on with what his Majesty had proposed to them for the busy-party who were the great Actors in the ensuing Tragedy then fell to contrivance about the accomplishment of their long desired work To which purpose the Treaty at Rippon was soon after remov'd to Westminster to the end that there they might have the Scots Commissioners at hand and the power of the Londoners to assist them for it had been impossible without the conjunction and help of the Prevalent and factious party in that City ever to have accomplish'd the ruine of the establish'd Government and destruction of the King as they afterwards did In order whereunto the first step they made was the entertaining Petitions of Grievances from all parts of the Realm which made such a noise as if the Subjects of England had suffered under the greatest slavery and oppression that had ever been heard of and being devised and framed by themselves were receiv'd with such great acceptance as that the People began to shew no small expressions of Joy in their new Reformers Who to win them the more besides the Impeachment of the Earl of Strafford which was within two days following whom they had made sufficiently odious by representing him to be one of the greatest causes of their oppressions and an especial Enemy to Parliaments expell'd divers Projectors and Monopolists out of the House of Commons impeach'd the Archbishop of Canterbury the Bishop of Ely and Lord Keeper Finch for Treason against the State having in order thereto by libellous Pamphlets and Pictures rendred them hateful to the People Damn'd that hideous Grievance of Ship-money by vote Pass'd a Bill for a Triennial Parliament as also impeach'd Justice Berkley of High Treason for his activeness in the business of Ship-money And to try how safely they might adventure to strike at the establish'd Government of the Church which might make the easier way for ruine of the State they brought Pryn Burton and Bastwick in triumph to London who had been censured in the Star-Chamber for Libels against the Hierarchy countenancing a Petition exhibited to them by Alderman Penington against Episcopacy and Church-Discipline Yet that there might be no doubt of their zeal and dutiful affection to the King they sent a Message to his Majesty to desire leave that they might advance and settle his Revenue offering to make him the richest King in Christendom And having thus gain'd a strong confidence with the people what blessed Patriots they were like to be that they might also seem as zealous for God's cause they exhibited a Remonstrance in the name of both Houses to his Majesty grounded upon divers Petitions which they had subtilly procured from all parts of the Realm of the increase of Popery Also that the danger thereof might the more amaze the world they then began to open their Cabinet of Plots and Conspiracies four of the House of Commons imparting to the Lords a a discovery of an horrid design by many thousands of Papists in England Ireland and Wales Moreover because of the great complaint of Innovation in Religion increase of Popery and growth of Superstition they appointed Commissioners for removing Rails from about all Communion-Tables throughout the Realm Likewise to the end that the Bishops might the better attend their Spiritual functions they voted that none of them should have voice in Parliament nor meddle in temporal affairs And to assure the Scots whose Army they as yet thought not fit to part with till their work was brought to more maturity they gave them three hundred thousand pounds towards a supply of their losses and Necessities Which signal favour got them the stile of Brethren and thanks from the Scotish-Commissioners who seem'd so tender of our good that they desired the Treaty might be accelerated and the Kingdom eased of the burthen of the two Armies by their returning home The next thing wherewith they went in hand was the Trial of the Earl of Strafford for 't was resolv'd he must be cut off being a person of such integrity to the King and known abilities To which purpose