Conduct that day After the Battel our Army lay upon their Arms all night at Duleek having left our Tents all standing beyond the Boyne And next morning his Majesty sent Brigadier La Mellionere with One thousand Horse and Dragoons a Party of Foot and Eight Pieces of Cannon to summons Drogheda wherein the Irish had a Garison of about 1300 men commanded by my Lord Iveagh who surrendred the Town upon Condition That his Garison should have leave to march out without their Arms and be conducted to Athlone Tho their Barbarity in tying the Protestants in Town back to back and placing them where they expected our Guns to play ought not to be forgot This is a Town of no great strength only a Mount whereon are planted Ten Guns on the South-side the River seems capable of Defence Thursday the 3 d. of July his Majesty had an Account That the Irish had left Dublin and were making what haste they could towards the Shannon upon which the Duke of Ormond marched to that City with One thousand Horse and found Captain Farlow Governor of the Castle who two days before had been a Prisoner his Grace took possession of all the Out-Guards of the Town with his Horse and the Dutch Blue Guards were sent to the Castle The 5th His Majesty with his Army marches to Dublin our Army marched to Finglass a little Village two miles to the North-west of Dublin where we lay encamped for several days The 6th being Sunday his Majesty went to St. Patrick's Church in Dublin and next day towards the evening the Bishop of Meath the Bishop of Limerick Dr. King and all the Clergy then about Dublin except the Lord Primate who sent his Excuse to his Majesty by reason of his great Age and Infirmness waited upon the King at his Camp where the Bishop of Meath made an excellent Congratulatory Speech for his Majesty's happy Victory and their Deliverance Whereunto his Majesty gave a Gracious Answer And the Bishop of Limâ—rick desired they might appoint a Day of Publick Thanksgiving and have leave to Compose a Form of Prayer suitable to the occasion which was granted The same day his Majesty signed a Declaration His Majesty's Declaration to the Irish wherein he promised Protection to all poor Labourers common Soldiers Countrey-Farmers Plow-men and Coltiers as also to all Citizens Tradesmen Townsmen and Artificers who either remained at home or having fled from their Dwellings should return by the first of August following c. leaving all others to the Event of War unless by great and manifest demonstrations they would convince his Majesty that they deserved his Mercy which he promised never to refusâ— to those who were truly penitent A great many of the Irish Officers complained The Irish Objections against the Declaration That this Declaration was too narrow in excluding them from any Advantage by it and that they were obliged afterwards to stick together as being their only safety but this Declaration was narrower than his Majesty's Royal Intentions on purpose to comply with the English Proprietors of that Countrey And as to the Irish Officers this was only a pretence for when it was enlarged afterwards by his Majesty and the Government the year succeeding made them all the reasonable Proffers that could be hoped or wished for yet most of them continued obstinate till they could not help it But tho his Majesty was very careful to have this and his other Declaration that succeeded it observed yet some Officers and Soldiers were apt to forget the King's Honour with that of our Countrey and Religion too when they stood in competion with their own Profit and Advantage That day and the next his Majesty took a view of his Army by distinct Regiments nor did the inconveniency of the bad Weather which fell out at Our Army mustered that time prevent him from observing each Regiment very nicely the whole number of Horse Foot and Dragoons that marched in the Ranks was 30330 besides 483 Reformed Officers as also all the Officers and Serjeants in the Army and Four Regiments in Garison so that the compleat Number of our whole Army was at least 36000 as is said before Nor will it be improper to gâ—ve here a List of our General Officers who commanded this Campaign under his Majesty and were employed in his Service but we must take it from the beginning since his Grace Duke Schonberg was killed ere this A LIST of the General Officers of Their Majesties Army 1690. FRederick Duke of Schonberg Captain-General A List of their Majesties Army 1690. The Duke of Wirtenbergh General of the Danes Count Solmes General of the Foot Count Schonberg General of the Horse Lieutenant-General Douglass Lord Overkirk Maistres Generals des Camp Earl of Portland Maistres Generals des Camp Henry Lord Viscount Sidney Major-Generals of Foot Count Nassau Major-Generals of Foot Major-General Kirk Major-Generals of Foot Major-General Tetteau Major-Generals of Foot Monsieur Screvenmore Major-Generals of Horse Maj. Gen. La Forrest Major-Generals of Horse Sir John Lanier Major-Generals of Horse Monsieur Du Cambon Quarter-master-General Brigadier Trelawney Brigadiers of Foot Sir Henry Bellasis Brigadiers of Foot Sir John Hanmer Brigadiers of Foot Brigadier Stuart Brigadiers of Foot Brigad La Mellionere Brigadiers of Foot Brigad Villars Brigadiers of Horse Brigad Eppinger Brigadiers of Horse Brigad Schack Brigadiers of Horse Sir Robert Southwell Secretary of State Thomas Coningesby Esq now Lord Coningesby and Charles Fox Esq Pay-masters-General Sir John Topham Advocate-General Henry Wythers Adjutant-General of Foot Francis Russel Adjutant-General of Horse George Clark Esq Secretary at War Monsieur Perara Commissary-General of the Provisions Abraham Yarner Esq Muster-master-General Dr. Lawrence Physician-General Charles Thompson Esq Chyrurgion-General A CATALOGUE of the General Officers A List of the Irish General Officers and others in King Jams's Army taken out of the Muster-Rolls June the 2 d 1690. DUKE of Tyrconnel Captain-General Duke of Berwick Lieutenant-Generals Richard Hambleton Lieutenant-Generals Count Lauzune General of the French Monsieur Leary alias Geraldine Lieutenant-General Dominick Sheldon Lieutenant-General of the Horse Patrick Sarsfield Major-Generals Anthony Hambleton Major-Generals Monsieur Boiseleau Major-Generals Thomas Maxwell Brigadeers John Hambleton Brigadeers William Dorrington Brigadeers Solomon Slater Muster-master-General Robert Fitz-Gerald Comptroler of the Musters Sir Richard Neagle Secretary at War Sir Henry Bond Receivers General Louis Doe Receivers General Sir Michael Creagh Pay-master General Foelix Oneil Advocate General Dr. Archbold Physician to the State Patrick Archbold Chyrurgeon General The Irish had at that time in their Army Two Troops of Horse-Guards with another of Horse-Granadiers Eight Regiments of Horse Seven Regiments of Dragoons a Regiment of Foot Guards of Twenty two Companies and Ninety men in a Company Forty four other Regiments of Foot Thirteen Companies in a Regiment and Sixty men in a Company which with the Five thousand French Foot made their Army according to their own Computation
the Town but such a Guard as we think fit to send to one of the Gates which shall immediately be delivered to us according to the Custom of War III. That the Garison shall march out to morrow by Ten a Clock and be conducted by a Squadron of Horse to the nearest Garison of the Enemy and there shall be no crowding nor confusion when they march out IV. That nothing be carried out of the Town which belongs to the Protestants or other Inhabitants V. That the Governour obliges himself to deliver all Cannon and other sort of Arms Munition Victuals of any kind into the hands of such a Commissary as shall be ordered by us to receive them to morrow morning VI. That if there be any thing due from the Garison to the Inhabitants of the Protestant Religion it shall be paid and what has been taken from them shall be restored VII That a safe Conduct for all the Inhabitants of the Countrey and such of the Roman-Catholick Clergy that came for shelter to this Garison shall be allowed and that they go to their respective habitations together with their Goods and there be protected pursuant to King William 's Declaration bearing date the 22 d. of February last past VIII That care shall be taken of the sick and wounded men of the Garison that cannot go along with the Regiments and that when they are in a condition to follow the rest they shall have our Pass SCHONBERG Pursuant to which Articles the Irish marched out tho the Duke himself had much a-do to protect them from the Violence of the Countrey People the Injuries they had received in being plundered and stript by them were so fresh in their memories The Irish had about 150 killed and wounded during the Siege and the Duke near the same number and Wednesday the 28th and the day following the Army marched back to Belfast where they were joined by Duke Schonbergh's French Horse Sir Thomas Gowers Foot and some other Regiments sent from England On Saturday the last of August our Army was Our Army mustered at Belfast Mustered being Four Regiments of Horse one of Dragoons and Eighteen Regiments of Foot viz. Horse Earl of Devonshire's Lord Delamere's Col. Coy's and Duke Schonberg's with Col. Leveson's Dragoons Foot one Battalion of Blew Dutch Carleson's White Dutch Princess Anne's Col. Wharton's Earl of Drogheda's Lord Lisburn's Earl Meath's Lord Roscommon's Lord Lovelace's Earl of Kingston's the Duke of Norfolk's Col. Herbert's Sir Edward Deering's Sir Thomas Gower's Col. Earl's La Mellionere's Du Cambon's La Callimot's and a day or two after we were joined by most of the Inniskilling Horse who stayed with us during the succeeding Campaign The Duke having ordered most of his Artillery and Ammunition on Board at Carrickfergus our Train Horses being many of them as yet at Chester and then to go for Carlingford within eight miles of Dundalk he marched The Army march to Newry his Army forwards on Monday the 2 d. of September and came on the 6th to Newry which he found laid in Ashes by the Duke of Berwick who having been there with about 1700 Foot and Dragoons and two Troops of Horse had retired towards Dundalk the evening before and left Newry in a flame Here the General posted Capt. Palliser of Sir Thomas Gower's Regiment with Fifty men in an old Castle that was unburnt and on Saturday the 7th we Thence to Dundalk marched to Dundalk where the Army encamped on a low moist Ground nigh a mile short of the Town On Sunday the 8th Major-General Kirk's Sir John Hanmer's and Brigadier Stuart's Regiments join'd us from the North. The Irish Army were at this time in a great Consternation The Irish in confusion and it was debated whether they should quit Drogheda and Dublin and so retire towards the Shannon but my Lord Tyrconnel opposed it and when Marshal De Rose understood that Duke Schonberg halted at Dundalk He was sure he said that he wanted something necessary for their going forwards and therefore part of their Army advanced first to Ardee and then in a day or two to a place called the Bridge of Fane upon a small River within three miles of Dundalk whither the late King with his whole Army being about 28000 well arm'd and nigh Ten thousand indifferently arm'd men followed about the 15th at what time we began to intrench our Camp and also some shipping with Provisions came to us Friday the 20th we were alarm'd with the Enemies The Irish make a shew of fighting approach and they did appear upon the Hills above the Town next day drawing out their whole Army with a Train of Artilery which the Duke seeing ordered all his men to stand to their Arms and expected the Enemies attacking him but that they had no great mind to and after a Discovery of a Plot by some French to carry the rest over to King James one Du Plessy and five more being hanged as also Two hundred others sent for England the Enemy seeing that opportunity lost they returned with the main Body of their Army to Ardee where they encamped till about the 4th of November and then they marching off we thought it high time to do so likewise after being encamp'd almost Ten weeks in a very unwholsome place and pestered with all the disadvantages of bad weather by reason of which we lost in the Camp in our going to Quarters and in them and the Hospitals at least one half of our men the Army consisting then of Nine Regiments and Two Troops of Horse Four Regiments of Dragoons and Thirty Regiments of Foot whereof Two Regiments of Horse One of Dragoons and Six of Foot did not come to the Camp but were quartered in the Countrey The English Camp near Dundalk Towards the latter end of November the General ordered a Meeting of all the Countrey Gentlemen then in the North of Ireland to be at Lisburne where his Grace's Head Quarters were fixed at what time they presented the Duke with an Address and then agreed upon Rates for all sorts of Provision which by Proclamation from the General were commanded to be sold accordingly December the 12th Collonel Woolsly marched with a Party towards Belturbet which was surrendred to him by the Irish and on the 13th the Duke went to view Charlemont a strong-hold which the Irish then had and kept for some time afterwards Towards the latter end of December the Irish began to lessen the Coin of their Brass-Money calling in the large Half-Crowns and stamping them a new for Crowns and near the same time Major-General Major-General Mackarty makes his escape Mackarty made his escape from Inniskilling where he had remained a Prisoner ever since the Rout at Croom Castle Collonel Hambleton Governour of the Town was Tried by a Court-Marshal for it afterwards but producing Major-General Kirk's Letter to him wherein he desired that some further Conveniencies might be allowed Mackarty than formerly upon which it
he admitted my Lord Dover to a more particular Protection than ordinary because he had applied himself formerly by a Letter to Major-General Kirk to desire a Pass for himself and Family to go into Flanders His Majesty at his return to the Camp declared The King intends for England his Resolution to go for England and leaving Count Solmes Commander in Chief he went as far as Chappel-Izard nigh Dublin with that Intention ordering one Troop of Guards Count Sconberg's Horse formerly my Lord Devonshires Collonel Matthews's Dragoons Brigadier Trelawny's and Collonel Hastings's And sends some Forces thither Foot to be shipt off for that Kingdom And on the first of August His Majesty published a Second Declaration not only confirming and strengthening the former but also adding That if any Foreigners then in Arms against him in that Kingdom would submit they should have Passes to go into their own Countries or whither else they pleased A Proclamation was also published for all the Irish in the Countrey to deliver up their Arms and those who refused or neglected to be abandoned to the Discretion of the Soldiers As also another Proclamation for a Weekly Fâ—st And then His Majesty appointed Richard Pine Esq Sir Richard Reves and Robert Rochfort Esq Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal who began now to act accordingly But the King received a further Account from England But returns to the Camp That the loss at Sea was not so considerable as it was at first given out and that there was no danger of any more French Forces landing in that Kingdom they having already burnt only a small Village and so were gone off without doing any further damage The danger of that being therefore over His Majesty returned to the Army which he found encamped at Golden Bridge nigh Cashell and about seventeen miles from Limrick where His Majesty had intelligence of the Posture of the Enemy in and about that City August the 8th Lieutenant-General Douglas and his Limerick Besieged Party from Athlone joined the King's Army at Cariganlis And on the 9th the whole Army approached that strong Hold of Limerick without any considerable loss the greatest part of their Army being Encampt beyond the River in the County of Clare His Majesty as soon as his Army was posted sent a Summons to the Town which was refused to be obeyed by Monsieur Boiseleau the Duke of Berwick Sarsfield and some more though a great part of their Army were even then willing to Capitulate Next Morning early the King sent a Party of Horse and Foot under Major-General Ginckell and Major-General Kirk to pass the River which they did near Sir Samuel Foxon's House about two miles above the Town The same day some Deserters from the Enemy gave his Majesty an account of their Circumstances and one of our own Gunners did as much for us who informed the Enemy of our Posture in the Camp as also of Eight Pieces of Cannon with Ammunition Provisions the Tin-Boats and several other Necessaries then upon the Road which Sarsfield with a Party of Horse and Dragoons had the luck to surprize two Some of our â—â—ns surprized days after at a little old Castle called Ballynedy within seven miles of our Camp killing about Sixty of the Soldiers and Waggoners and then marched off with little or no opposition tho his Majesty had given Orders for a Party of Horse to go from the Camp and meet the Guns the night before Tuesday the 12th Brigadier Stuart went with a Party Castle Connel taken and four Field-Pieces to Castle-Connel a Strong-hold upon the Shannon four miles from Limerick the besieged being 126 under one Captain Barnwell after some time submitted and were brought Prisoners to the Camp Sunday the 17th at night we opened our Trenches Our Trenches opened which were mounted by Seven Battalions under the Duke of Wirtenbergh Major-General Kirk Major-General Tetteau and Sir Henry Bellasts beating the Irish out of a Fort nigh two old Chimneys where about Twenty were killed and next night our Works were relieved by Lieutenant General Douglas my Lord Sidney Count Nassau and Brigadier Stuart with the like number and the day following we planted some new Batteries which his Majesty going to view as he was riding towards Ireton's Fort he stopt his Horse on a sudden to speak to an Officer a Four and twenty pound Ball the very moment grazing on the side of the Gap where his Majesty was going to enter which certainly must have dash'd him to pieces had not the commanding God of Heaven prevented it who still reserves him for greater matters This I saw being then upon the Fort as I did that other Accident at the Boyne before Wednesday the 20th we attack'd a Fort of the Enemies A Fort taken nigh the South East Corner of the Wall which we soon took and killed 50 taking a Captain and twelve men Prisoners and about an hour after the Enemy sallyed with great Bravery thinking to regain the Fort but were beat in with loss there being killed in the Fort and the Sally about Three hundred though we lost Captain Needham Captain Lacy and about Eighty private men A PROSPECT of LIMERICK BEARING DUE WEST Exactly shewing the Approaches Batteries Breach ct Sold by R. Chiswell in St. Pauls churchyard Next day the Soldiers were in hopes that his Majesty would give orders for a second Attack and seemed resolved to have the Town or lose all their lives but this was too great a risque to run at one place and they did not know how our Ammunition was sunk especially by the former day's work we continued however our Batteries and then a storm of Rain and other bad weather begun to threaten us which fell out on Friday the 29th in good earnest upon which his Majesty calling a Council of War it was concluded the safest way was to quit the Siege without which we could not have secured our heavy Cannon which we drew off from the Batteries by degrees and found much difficulty in marching them five miles next day Sunday the last of August all our His Majesty raised the Siege Army drew off most of the Protestants that lived in that part of the Countrey taking that opportunity of removing further into the Countrey with the Army and would rather leave their Estates and all their Substance in the Enemies hands than trust their persons any more in their power His Majesty seeing the Campaign nigh an end went towards Waterford where he appointed Henry Lord Viscount Sidney Sir Charles Porter and Tho. Conningsby Esq Lords Justices of Ireland and then setting And returns to England sail with a fair Wind for England his Majesty was welcomed thither with all the Joy and Satisfaction imaginable CHAP. III. September 1690. The French Forces quit Ireland Birr besieg'd by the Irish who draw off towards Banoher Bridge Count Solms 's Answer to the Duke of Berwick 's Letter Lieutenant-General
Drogheda's Regiment who finding themselves very much outnumbred and the Village no ways Tenible they retired all to a Mount nigh the middle of the same Village which they defended till the Irish were obliged to quit the place have killed us about 28 themselves leaving 16 dead upon the Streets besides several more that were killed in Plundering the Houses And several such Accidents hapned up and down the Kingdom most of which are already related in the former part of this History Towards the beginning of December his Majesty for the A Privy-Council appointed in Ireland better ordering the Affairs of that Kingdom appointed a Privy-Council and gave out new Commissions to supply the places of several Judges as yet awanting in the respective Courts of Judicature But though the Irish in and about Limerick and indeed in most other places within their Line were reduced to great necessities both as to Provisions and Cloaths yet this did not prevent them from having a very good opinion of themselves nor blunt the Edge of that Vain-glorious Boasting so peculiar to that sort of People as may appear by a pretended Declaration of the then Brigadeer Dorington's who after several invective Expressions against his Majesty and the English Government and Wheedling Insinuations to all Foreigners and others who he pretends were drawn in at unawares he promises to protect and receive into Pay all Officers or Souldiers that would forsake their Majesties Service and advance them according to their Merit or those that had no mind to serve should be Transported into France having all necessary Accommodation and be provided for in the mean time Dated at Limerick the 13th of December 1690. and Signed W. Dorington But this worthy Declaration had no other effect than to shew the folly and vanity of the Publisher only I cannot but observe what a scurvy Return those Officers and Souldiers of King William's to whom he addresses himself made him for his kind proffer since instead of going to him for his Pass into France they soon after sent his Worship himself Prisoner into England Monday the 15th of December Henry Lord Viscount My Lord Sidney goes for England Sidney being appointed one of the Secretaries of State for England set Sail for that Kingdom And on the 24th Sir Charles Porter another of the Lords-Justices came from thence being Sworn Lord Chancellour of Ireland on the 29th and then received the Purse and Great Seal from the late Commissioners We had now a part of our Army on their March towards Part of our Forces move towards the Shannon Lanesborough Pass Commanded by Major General Kirk and Sir John Lanier Lieutenant General Douglas was also upon his March towards Sligoe as was Major General Tetteau in Munster towards the County of Kerry The first Detachment beat the Irish from their Works on this side the River and staying there some time returned to Quarters as did also Lieutenant General Douglas Major General Tetteau Marched towards Ross taking a Fort called Screnelarld in his way after which the Irish set most of the Country on Fire and retreated He took also another Fort wherein were 80 of the Irish who being attacked by fifty Danes and fifty of the Kinsale Militia our Men carried the place and put most of the Enemy to the Sword Then our Party Marched towards Tralee where Lieutenant General Sheldon bad been with 21 Troops of Dragoons and 7 of Horse but with his Men had deserted the Town and made what haste they could towards Limerick resolving to force their way through Lieutenant General Ginckel's Troops who then was abroad also with a Party if they were not very much stronger or otherways to kill all their Horses and save themselves by crossing the Shannon in Boats But not being informed of this our Men returned without securing a considerable quantity of Provisiâ—â—â— then in Trallee which the Irish got afterwards to supply the Garrison of Limerick The Rapparees by this time were got to the end of the Rapparees in the Bogg of Allen. Bogg of Allen within 12 miles of Dublin and there Robb'd and Plunder'd the Country all about Fortifying an Island in the Bogg to secure their Prey which being so nigh Dublin it made a great noise So that Collonel Foulks with his own Regiment part of Collonel Cutts's and a Detachment of the Dublin Militia as also three small Field-Pieces Marched out towards them The Irish at first seemed to defend the place but as our Men advanced they quitted their Posts leaving us to fill up the Trenches they had made cross the Causeway which done Colonel Foulks Marched over into the Island of Allen where he met with Colonel Piper who had come in at the other side but the Irish betook themselves to the Woods and we only got some small Booty which they had left I have heard that my Lord Baltimore at his coming over from Ireland in King James the First 's time to give his Majesty an account of the State of that Kingdom amongst otherthings told the King That the Irish were a wicked People but had been as wickedly dealt withal I make no Applications of the Expression to our selves tho' most people that have been in that Country know how to do it But as to any publick Action little of moment hapned for some time after we returned to our Winter Quarters tho' the Rapparees being encouraged by our withdrawing were very troublesome all the Country over nor will it be amiss once for all to give you a brief Account how the Irish managed this Affair to make the Rapparees so Considerable as they really were doing much more mischief at this Upon what account the Rapparees were servicable to the Irish time o' th' year than any thing that had the face of an Army could pretend to When the Irish understood therefore how our Men were Posted all along the Line and what advantage might be hoped for at such and such places they not only encouraged all the protected Irish to do us secretly all the mischief they could either by concealed Arms or private Intelligence under the pretence of their being Plundered and abused but they let loose a great part of their Army to manage the best for themselves that time and opportunity would allow them to all these they gave Passes signifying to what Regiment they belonged that in case they were taken they might not be dealt withal as Rapparees but Souldiers These Men knew the Country nay all the secret Corners Woods and Boggs keeping a constant Correspondence with one another and also with the Army who furnished them with all necessaries especially Ammunition When they had any Project on Foot their method was not to appear in a Body for then they would have been discovered and not only so but Carriages and several other things had been wanting which every one knows that's acquainted with this Trade Their way was therefore to make a private appointment to meet at
indeed the Militia were as active to suppress them However the White Serjeant with one Mackabe and Cavenagh were very troublesome nigh Kildare Those were three Fellows all under the same Circumstances who running away from the Irish Army they got small Parties of Rogues together and haunted the Bogg of Allen and other places of the Country thereabouts which were particularly well known to them and by that means gave the Inhabitants no small disturbance They were hunted by the Militia nigh this time and three of the White Serjeant's men Shot at one time and two of Mackabe's at another and soon after three more were killed near Murney And our publick Accounts tell us of a hundred and ten Rapparees killed by Captain Baggott's Militia Dragoons since the beginning of this Month in several Parties But Cavenagh and his Men being afraid to trade any more in the Bogg of Allen they remove towards the Mountains of Wicklow where Lieutenant Cooly met with them and killing fifteen took their Captain upon which the rest dispersed or joyned with Mackabe and the White Sergeant May the 20th Mark Baggot formerly spoke of Mark Baggâ— hanged being condemned and reprieved till now was this Day hanged having said nothing to the purpose but that our best places to pass the Shannon were Melick and Banoher May 24. Major Welden of the Militia and Captain Phillips of Colonel Earls's Regiment kill thirteen Rapparees near Montmelick Captain Vnderhill of my Lord Lisburn's Regiment with sixty Foot and ten Dragoons goes to Ballenderry May the 26th where they met with a Party of nigh three hundred of the Irish Army whom they engaged killing Captain Geoghagan and four more Officers and as the Account was fifty private Men. Next Day the same Captain went out with only twenty four Men and kill'd twelve but being set upon by a good Party of the Irish commanded by Colonel Geoghagan he made his retreat to Dunore Castle having only one Man kill'd and another wounded The same Day some Dutch Horse being come to the Camp now at Mullingar a Party of them went abroad kill'd several Rapparees and brought in thirty Prisoners At this time Lieutenant-General Douglas was marched Lieutenant-General Douglas encamps with a Party at Ardagh out of the North with a Body of Men and encamped at a place called Ardagh in the County of Longford twelve Miles from Mullingar And the Duke of Wirtenberg was gone towards Thurles where the Foreigners that quartered last Winter in Munster were ordered to Rendezvouz and to be ready to joyn the rest of the Army nigh Banoher where our Great Men had some thoughts at that time of passing Our Train of Artillery was also upon their march from Dublin to Mullingar being such an one as never had been seen before in that Kingdom Major-General Ruvigny is now at the Camp at Mullingar Our Great Officers take the Field whither went Major-General Mackay on the 28th who came lately from Scotland Major-General Kirk and Sir John Lanier go for England and land at Neston on the thirtieth And much about the same time the Duke of Leinster's Regiment of Horse formerly my Lord Devonshire's landed in England and march'd towards Coventry Major-General Talmash being sent by His Majesty to assist the other Great Officers this Campaign in Ireland landed at Dublin the latter end of May having with him Sir Martin Beckman chief Ingineer and in a Day or two he went towards the Camp About this time the Gentlemen of the County of East-Meath meeting at Trim agreed to scoure the Red Bog nigh that place where the Rapparees haunted and had done much mischief during the last Winter the issue was that thirty five were kill'd and six more fairly hanged Some were also kill'd by the Militia of the County of Waterford and others near Kilmallock by Parties that advanced so far By Packets from England the General had an Account by Letters from Monsieur de Opdam Lieutenant-General of the Horse in Holland who went to Breda about the exchange of Prisoners taken at the Boyne Cork Kinsale c. with the Dutch taken at the Battle of Fleur that the French refused to release the Irish Officers under such Characters as they gave themselves but left them under very ill Circumstances upbraiding them in terms very disrespectful tho' they released the Irish Soldiers and sent them to Thoulon Marseilles c. for the Sea-service This Month now draws towards an end and all People that had any business towards the Camp are resorting thither in order to which the Lords-Justices set out a Proclamation Commanding all Sutlers and others to carry no Ale or other Liquors to the Camp but what was good and well brewed and to be at least six Days old to prevent Fluxes and other Distempers There was also another Proclamation Commanding all Persons that designed to be Sutlers to come to Dublin for Licenses and to renew those each Journey But this being found inconvenient for the Army it was recalled May the 30th Lieutenant-General Ginckel went The General goes to the Camp from Dublin and lying that Night at Tycroghan next Day his Excellency came to the Camp at Mullingar where he found Foot viz. Major-General Kirk's Lord Meath's Lord Lisburn's Lord Cutts's Colonel Foulks's Colonel Brewer's Lord George Hamilton's and Colonel Earls's Horse Sir John Lanier's Brigadier Villers's Colonel Langston's Rydesel's Roucour's and Monopovillon's with Colonel Leveson's Dragoons who before his coming over was made a Brigadier by His Majesty The Soldiers every Day in one Regiment or another began to appear fine in their new Cloths and before the Army took the Field the Lords-Justices with the Advice of the General appointed several Officers that had been or were actually then in the Army to Command the Militia in different places of the Kingdom not as being Absolute but rather Superintendents of the whole As in the County of Cork Major Stroud was imployed in the Counties of Wickloe and Wexford Major Brooks and Captain Phillips as were also Major Tichburn Lieutenant-Colonel Toby Caulfield and others in several other places CHAP. V. June 1691. The Fortifications at Mullingar contracted into a narrower compass A Stratagem of the Irish to get Horses The Irish march towards Athlone Our Army goes towards Ballymore That place besieged Its Situation described Four Batteries planted The General 's Message sent in writing A Parley beat The Fort surrendred Ballymore better fortified The Army march towards Athlone and joyned by the Duke of Wirtenberg We approach the Town Batteries planted The order of the Attack The English Town taken Batteries against the Irish Town The Enemy ruin our Works A design to pass the Shannon The Enemy burn our close Gallery A Councel of War held A Party ordered to pass the River The Town stormed An Express sent to St. Ruth A part of our Army left in the Country and why Major Culliford surprizes some of the Irish Inniskeen fortified JVne the 1st Very
early in the Morning Grace and Hogan two Rapparee Captains with eighty Men surprized a Castle called Camgart within six Miles of Birr kept all Winter by a Party of the Militia the news of which was brought some time after to Carolante where was a Garrison kept by the Earl of Drogheda's Regiment The Account of this was brought in haste and very imperfect so that Ensign Story who was there with another Officer thinking to hinder the Irish from getting into the Castle or at least if they were in to prevent the burning of it he goes with all speed with a Party of thirty Men from Carolante towards Camgart being not above an English Mile but the Enemy were got in long before and had secured all the Garrison and seeing our Party approach they kept themselves very close within the Works The Ensign and his Men coming nigh the place and seeing no appearance of either Enemies or Friends he posted his Men in an Orchard within Musquet-shot of the Castle and himself with two Men went up towards the Gate but being got too nigh the Works a Woman carrying Water to a Cabbin made a sign that the Enemy was within which occasion'd the Ensign to stop at which they fired a whole Volley upon him killing himself and one of the Men the Party could not bring off the Ensign's Body being so near the Castle but after some stay there they march'd off without any further trouble from the Enemy The other Officer Commanding in Carolante sent back a Drum for Ensign Story 's Body which the Irish made some scruple to deliver but proferr'd to bury him Honourably which they did allowing his own Drum to beat the Dead March before him and themselves fired three Vollies at his Grave acknowledging at his Death some former Civilities from him which is very rare with that sort of People But this particular I mention to show the incertainty of the things of this World for this Officer was well and at liberty at nine a Clock in the Morning but before twelve he was not only in the power but buried by his Enemies and that with great Formality And a Man that is at the Pains to Describe other Peoples Actions may be allowed the liberty to leave one Page to the Memory of his own Brother As soon as the General came to Mullingar he ordered the Works that had been made last Winter for the security of that place to be contracted into a narrower compass that fewer Men might be left for their defence and planted four Piece of Cannon upon the Mount towards the South-side of the Town Whilst the General continued here the Design of passing the Shannon at Melick and Banoher seem'd to be the most plausible and therefore June the 5th the General sent Mr. Trench a Clergy-man and one who has been Mr. Trench sent to the Duke of Wirtenberg very forward in Their Majesties Service to the Duke of Wirtenberg then at Bally-Boy as was expected with Directions to view the afore-mentioned places and encamp thereabouts till the rest of the Army joyn'd him or if he could to surprize a Passage over the Shannon whilst the Enemy were gazing upon the Motion of the other part of the Army Mr. Trench and his Party of thirty Horse with a great deal of difficulty got through the Enemy who then were at Bally-Boy and most of that Country thereabouts to the Duke of Wirtenberg whom he found encamped at Roscreagh but after Mr. Trench's departure the General and the rest of the Great Officers considering that should they decline to the left towards Melick and Banoher and leave the great Road leading towards Athlone if the Enemy would be desperate there was nothing to hinder them from marching even up to Dublin and therefore they sent another Express to the Duke of Wirtenberg on the 7th to march forwards in order to joyn the Army towards Athlone Now you must know the Irish having been very A Stratagem of the Irish to get Horses industrious all the Winter past and ever since to form a Body of Horse as well by stealing ours as by other methods most agreeable to their purpose their last Trick was to order all the Gentlemen Voluntiers in those Countries within their own Jurisdiction to appear with their best Horses and Arms by such a day at Limerick pretending to conferr marks of Honour and Distinction upon the forwardest by which means they Assembled a great many Men and most of them well Mounted who all being drawn up in the King's-Island the greatest part of them were on a sudden ordered to dismount and deliver up their Horses for the use of the Army who they were told could better manage them for the King's Interest In a day or two after this the whole Body They march towards Athlone of their Army being about twenty thousand Foot and five thousand Horse and Dragoons moved towards Athlone which way they understood by their Spies that our Army designed to march Saturday June the 6th the General with his Army Our Army march towards Ballymore march'd from Mullingar to Rathcondra between Meerscourt and Cairn-Castle being about six Miles leaving at Mullingar nine Twenty four Pounders one eighteen Pounder and three Mortars Within a Mile of our Camp we were joyned upon the march by Lieutenant-General Douglas with the following Regiments viz. Foot Lieutenant-General Douglas's Brigadier Stuart's Sir Henry Bellasis's Colonel Tiffin's Colonel St. John's Colonel Gustavus Hamilton's Colonel Herbert's and Colonel Creighton's as also Colonel Woolsey's Twelve Troops of Horse with Colonel Wynn's and Sir Albert Cunningham's Dragoons The same day a Deserter of my Lord George Hamilton's was hanged upon a Bush as the Army march'd by That night the General sent out a strong Party of Dragoons towards Ballymore as well to prevent relief from getting in as to secure the Enemy from stealing of in the night towards Athlone These meeting with some of that Garrison abroad killed four and brought in two Prisoners one of which was very much wounded and gave an Account That the Garrison in Ballymore was a Detachment of their best Men sent from Athlone being about a thousand in number June the 7th the Army march'd to Ballymore Ballymore besieged and by twelve a Clock had beat the Enemy within the Works and surrounded the Fort the Enemy firing their small Shot and two small Turkish Pieces that were mounted upon old Cart-Wheels But before I give you an Account of the taking this Fort it will not be amiss to give you a slender Description of it I do not find any thing Remarkable of this place The Place described in former times it 's only a small Village upon the Great Road between Mullingar and Athlone being ten Miles distant from each The place has always been very poor and had only two or three Houses of Entertainment in it the rest being all Irish Cabbins to the number of a hundred or thereabouts though
do us what mischief lay in their power and this was one reason that Col. Coys Horse and Col. Matthews Dragoons with Col. Hastings Sir John Hanmers Princess Anns Major General Trelawny's Col. Hale's the Bandenburgh and Danish Regiment of Foot were left in the County of Cork as well to keep in the Irish on that side as to secure those Garrisons from any foreign Invasion My Lord Drogheda's Regement was left in Westmeath and Col. Mitchelburns and Col. Venners in the A part of our Army left in the Country and why North and besides those we had in most places of the Kingdom under their Majesties Government a very active Malitia who were ready on all occasions to do Service Towards the beginning of June Major Culliford with a Party of Col. Matthews Dragoons and some Militia make inroads into the Enemies Quarters and bring several Preys from thence but with little loss of men to either side But hearing that a Party of the Enemys Horse and Foot to the number of 2000. or more as was reported were ordred to defend a part of the County of Cork and that of Kerry from whence the Irish had got greatest part of their Relief the preceeding Winter and were in hopes still so to do Major Culliford Major Culliford surprizes some of the Enemy with 120. of Col. Matthew's Dragoons and 50 Militia Foot surprised two of the Enemies Troops killed about 20. and pursued the rest to Newmarkit where we killed 15 more and took a prey and after that went four Miles further in hopes of a greater which we met with But Sir James Cotter being nigh the place with about 500. Horse and Dragoons fell upon our men as they were in disorder killed 20 and took as many Prisoners Major Culliford with 80. men made good their retreat and in the mean time 24. Militia and a 11 Dragoons got to a place called Drumaugh with part of the Prey and 20. of our men under Capt. Bower did the Enemy some mischief in their drawing off killing 23 or there abouts The same day Col. Hastings Col. Ogelby c. with 200. of the Army and 500 Militia being at Ballynagooly and understanding Major Cullifords danger they marched beyond Balycleugh to his Relief where the Enemy had lined some Hedges but our men forced them from thence and that Evening killed 50 next morning relieving those who took unto Drumaugh killing 13 and burning all the Country thereabouts Nigh the same time our Militia kill and take several Rapparees near Cashell and Major Welden with a party from Mountmelick kills 14. A party also of Col. Woolsley's Horse being Detached to scowre the Country about Bally-Boy killed 50. Rapparees at several times Judge Cox being made Governour of the Militia Judge Cox orders Iniskean to be Fortified in the County of Cork Fortifies Iniskean and puts a a Garison in it sending some of the Militia under Col. Townsend towards Bantree where they killed nigh a 100 Rapparees and brought off good store of Plunder and Col. Hastings from Cork seizes upon Drummaneer a considerable Post near the Black Water June the 17. A Party marched from Cashel and Clonmell who were in expectation of meeting with 400. Irish nigh Typerary but they having notice of it withdrew only our Party met with about 30 most of whom were killed and the Town Burnt The Rapparees near Roscreagh had a design to steal the Cattle of that Town but in the effecting of it 12. were killed and the Prey rescued Capt. White and some of the Militia went towards the Bogg of Allen where they killed 13 and the rest with Mackabe their Leader escaped for that time June the 19. A Party of the Earl of Drogheda's Regiment went from Athy to a place called Clonmellera having along with them Sir Thomas Atkins High Sheriff of the Queens County and a Party of the Militia their design was to surprize several notorious Rogues whom they had information were Harboured in that place they kill'd about 8. or 10. tho they did not meet with those Rogues that they expected June the 20. Two Rapparees were kill'd at Caperquin and two at the Gualtire and nigh the same time there was a party of a ragged Irish Regiment called the Prince of Wales's under one Delany a Franciscan Fryer near Castle-Town not far from Cashell who being frighted with a Rumour that part of our Forces were marching that way they all indeavour'd to shift for themselves Three of our Danes were surprized near Clonmell and carry'd to the Mountains but they and a Militia Trooper getting loose in a place where the Rapparees had bound them kill'd three Rapparees and got safe home Ten more were kill'd near Thurles and Twelve a day or two after near Bally-Boy as also two of Lutterill's Dragoons My Lord Blaney Lord Lieutenant of the County of Monahan having ordered the Militia of that County to be in Arms they kill'd 7 Rapparees at one time and 5 at another in the County of Monahan and two more in the County of Armaugh his Lordship by his diligence being very instrumental in keeping in the Irish from making Excursions from those parts about Sligoe And towards the latter end of June the Lords Justices by a Proclamation ordered the Weekly Fast to be renewed and every Friday to be set a part for craving the assistance of Almighty God in prospering of our Fleet and Army CHAP. VI. The Irish Army Decamp The Dead buried at Athlone The Enemy resolve to give us Battle The Works of Athlone repaired A party of our Horse surprized The Irish Prisoners sent to Dublin The Lords Justices Declaration to the Irish Our Army march from Athlone The Enemies Camp and Posture described The Orders that Night Monsieur St. Ruth 's supposed Speech to the Irish Our Army in sight of the Enemy The Line of Battle The Battle of Agrim A party of our Foot beat off Reinforced by Major General Talmash they beat the Enemy Monsieur St. Ruth kill'd Their Army Routed The number of the Dead And of the Prisoners Our loss at the Battle Instances in former Battles wherein the Irish have been Routed with little loss to the English An account of some Irish Prophecies Our Army lye upon their Arms that night Brigadeer Eppinger goes towards Portumna Loughrea deserted by the Irish Our Army march thither Then to Athenree July 1691. The General goes towards Galway The Town described Siege laid to it Major General Mackay passes the River A Fort taken The Irish beat a parley Hostages exchanged The Articles of Surrender Our Army return towards Limerick A Brief account of what happned in other places of the Kingdom during this Month. THE first of July My Lord Portland's Regiment of Guards Landed at Dublin and marcht in two or three Days towards the Camp upon our taking the Town Mons St. Ruth with the Irish Army The Irish Army decamp decamped that night and marcht towards Milton Pass and next
with an Officer desert the Enemy a Sergeant of theirs gave us notice where their Ammunition lay and our Guns fire very hard all Day at the Place the General and all the great Officers continuing the whole Afternoon at the Battery and were very well pleased to see a Bomb blow up some part of their Powder At Night our Works were double mann'd and our great Guns beginning to the right the whole Line made three running Fires which were seconded by as many from several Regiments both of Horse and Foot drawn up at the Heads of their respective Camps this was for Joy of the Christians Success in Guns fired for Joy the Turks were defeated in Hungary Hungary against the Turks but it alarm'd the Irish who stood at their Arms all the Night being much puzzled to know the meaning of it some saying that our Fleet had beat the French and others that it was only for a Blind at our going off and every one as they fancied Orders were now given for the demolishing Castle-connel Carick a Gunnell and other Places upon the Shannon and several Miners were at work upon them The fifteenth the Finnan Regiment of Green Danes march towards Clonmell in order to go to Waterford and most of our Guns were drawn off from the Batteries as a Blind to a Design at Night being a great many Men at work all day to prepare our Tin-boats and Floats That Afternoon my Lord Lisburn then upon Duty with his Regiment to the Left of the Great Battery his Lordship having laid down to rest him in a little Trench-Tent just in the rising up was unfortunately shot by a My Lord Lisburn killed great Gun from one of the Enemies Batteries being a Man of excellent Parts and who had shewed himself very diligent and forward upon all Occasions since the beginning of this War In the Evening it was ordered that four hundred Granadeers A Party ordered to march over the River so soon as 't was dark should parade at the Head of Major General Kirk's Regiment from whence they marched about nine at Night being joined with six hundred Workmen with the Tin-boats and sustained with five Regiments of Foot commanded by Major General Talmash and a Body of Horse and Dragoons under Major General Scravemore with six Field-pieces Those all march to a Place of the Shannon about two Miles above our Camp and by twelve at Night begin to lay the Boats over In the mean time the Granadeers commanded by Sir David Collier with Capt. Ketchmay of Sir John Hanmer's Captain Alnut of my Lord Drogheda's Captain Parker of Colonel Gustavus Hamilton's Regiment another Captain and eight more Officers were wafted over by the Tin-boats into an Island where the Bridg was laying and from whence it was fordable to the other side beating some few Straglers of the Enemy from thence who now and then fired at the Workmen but with little or no Loss to us for the Night being very dark and the Enemy secure because they judged us going off the Bridg was almost compleated before they suspected it The 16th at Day-light our Bridg was finished and A Bridg laid and our Men pass over it Colonel Matthew's Dragoons beginning to pass into the Island by which time Brigadeer Clifford had got the Alarm who was not far off with four Regiments of Dragoons he seemed not very forward in the Matter tho his Dragoons came down on foot and pretended to make some Opposition as did also a Body of the Enemies Foot being about four or five thin Regiments who advanced towards the Ford when Major General Talmash immediately commanded the Granadeers to wade thrô which done they possess'd themselves of an old House and an Hedg or two about an hundred Yards from the Enemy and were commanded not to be lavish of their Shot but receive the Enemies Fire till our Dragoons and some Horse were got over which were passing Then the Enemy endeavouring to flank our Granadeers on the Right the Major General commanded a Detachment of Colonel Matthews's Dragoons to beat them from that Post which being done and a good Party soon got over Major General Talmash ordered the Granadeers to advance being sustained by a Regiment of Foot commanded by Colonel Tiffin and Lieutenant Colonel Bristow a Party of Dragoons and a Party of Colonel Coys's Horse This was done and after some faint Resistance the Enemy run towards a large Bog and a Wood that was in their Rear throwing away their Granadoes Muskets and every thing that proved troublesom our Men pursued them and killed several upon the Bog taking a French Lieutenant Colonel a Captain and some more Prisoners Our advance-Party received Orders to halt till all were got over and then march'd to the Left up towards the Enemies Camp But by this time the News of our passing the River was got to their Horse and also towards the Town both Parties providing for their Safeties as well as they could for the People that were encamp'd without endeavoured to get into Town but those within drew up the Bridg and would not admit them and it 's almost incredible what a Noise and Confusion there was then at Thoumond Gate their Horse tho begin to buckle to Arms and made a shew of fighting which was only to gain time to secure their Tents and Baggage and their Dragoons having their Horses two Miles off at Grass were forced to shift for themselves Our Horse expected Orders to pursue them but they were commanded by the General and Lieut. Gen. Scravemore who were now come up to halt till a greater Body advanced to sustain them Some of the Irish were now pulling down their The Irish in a great Consternation Tents others driving away the Cattle and every one in a Hurry making what haste they could towards the Mountains and then the General ordered our Men to advance towards their Horse-Camp where they found Brandy Beef and a great many other things And a Party of our Granadeers met with about three hundred Dragoon Saddles and other Accoutrements which they burnt by Order We did not pursue however for fear of an Ambuscade but sent to observe the Enemies March The Irish also nigh the Town were very busy in breaking down two small Bridges cross a Causey leading to the Town but the firing of two of our Field-pieces put a stop to their Proceedings in that Place There is a small white House about half a Mile from the Town on Thoumond side nigh which two Squadrons of the Enemies Horse were drawn up and about a Regiment of Foot posted in the Hedges to secure their Lords Justices the Records all their chief Ladies and Treasure which all were there and had been as then no difficult though a very good Prize But after some of our Parties had seen them go off in the greatest Confusion that could be we set two or three Houses on fire and staying on that side till about two a Clock in
Foreign Countrey against the real Interest of their own with much more to that purpose and Care was likewise taken to distribute the General 's Declaration Then the Regiments were ordered to march and those that were for France went on but those that were inclined to us had liberty to file off at a Place appointed That which they called the Royal Regiment being then fourteen hundred Men seem'd to go all entire except seven Men which the General was much concerned at then my Lord Ivaeghe's Regiment of Vlster Irish came off entire to our side as did also Colonel Wilsons and about half my Lord Louth's and a great many out of most other Regiments Brigadier Clifford Colonel Henry Lutterel and Colonel Purcel all appeared averse to the going for France And on the seventh the Lords-Justices having performed all that was necessary on The Lords-Justices Return towards Dublin their side they returned towards Dublin and Colonel Earles with a Regiment of Danes march towards Quarters The Irish had kept their Stores pretty entire from the beginning of the Capitulation till after the Division of Men and then they distribute Bread Brandy Claret and some little Money amongst those that staid with them as well to encourage some as to prevent others from going off keeping their Gates always fast lock'd and a strong Guard at each And now the General seem'd displeased that the Irish used indirect means to threaten their Men into a French Voyage telling the Irish great Officers plainly that if they broke the Articles he thought himself no longer obliged to observe them then Colonel Matthews and Colonel Lumley were sent to the Horse-Camp upon the same account And this day and the next my Lord Ivaeghe's Colonel Wilson's part of my Lord Dillon's Colonel Hussey's and other Irish Regiments were mustered nigh the General 's Quarters making 1046 in those two days beside double the number that had Passes to go home those that were mustered had all of them Bread Cheese Brandy and Tabaco with a Fortnight's Subsistence given them by Adjutant-General Wythers who never can be sufficiently commended for the Care and Pains he has taken during the whole War of Ireland The General was resolved to do all things possible to prevent the Irish going in so great Numbers out of the Kingdom as being a strengthning our Adversaries and a weakning of our selves and therefore he orders the following Declaration to be Published By Lieut. General Ginckel Commander in Chief of Their Majesties Forces SInce it has pleased God to bless Their Majesties Arms with that Success as to reduce this Kingdom to their Obedience to the end that all the Inhabitants of it may enjoy the Benefit of that Peace which has cost so much Blood and the effusion of it for the future may be stopt I think fit to make it publick and declare That all Persons of what Quality or Condition soever have free liberty and permission to return to their several Homes with their Goods Stocks and Families and there live quietly and peaceably under the Protection of the Government And whereas several stragling People remain still in Arms and daily infest the Roads committing Robberies and Murders upon Their Majesties Subjects I do hereby require all such whether known by the Name of Rapparies Voluntiers Creights or others to return quietly to their respective Parishes deliver up their Arms and enter their Names with some of their Majesties Justices of the Peace in the Counties to which they belong within the time limited by the Lords-Justices Proclamation upon pain of being exempted from all manner of Quarter And all Justices of the Peace are hereby directed to make Entry and Register of all the Names of all such Persons as aforesaid And I command all Officers and Souldiers of the Army and other Persons whatsoever to forbear committing any Act of Violence or Hostility as they will answer the contrary at their utmost Perils Given at the Camp by Lymerick this 6th of October 1691. Baron De Ginckel October â— Brigadier Levison's Dragoons march from the Camp towards Kerry and the Earl of Portland's with another Regiment of Horse go towards Green Ann Castle to secure the Roads against the Rapparees especially against Hogan and his Party Several of our Regiments move from beyond the River over the Bridge again and many of them being pretty thin by reason of hard Marches and continual Duty some Irish were enlisted to strengthen them an Instance of the various Scenes in humane Affairs that those very Men we were so busie endeavouring to destroy and they ten times more inveterate against us should yet be so far reconciled in so short a time as to have them on our side and eat and sleep amongst us but Souldiers often think no further than Command and we see it in Truces That the very next moment after the sharpest Conflict a Cessation being agreed to the Men are presently as good Friends as if they never had fallen out October 9. Three more Danish Regiments move towards Quarters and a great many of the Irish that came off laid down their Arms at the Train and so had Passes to go home with Money to bear their Charges which made it something scarce amongst our selves though the poor men did not grudge it The 10th Most of our Army returned from beyond the River and 1000 Irish Horse and Dragoons that came over to our side were mustered by Commissary Allen. On the 12th The Irish Horse that designed for France marched through the English Town and so out at the Water-Gate towards Cork being not one Thousand in Number as they passed by our Camp The 13th Lieut. Gen. Ginckel with the Army march from The Army march from Lymerick Lymerick towards Quarters leaving Sir David Collier Governour of Lymerick with his own Col. Venner's Col. St. John's and Col. Craighton's with one Regiment more in the Irish Town my Lord Drogheda's and my Lord Lisburn's being encamp'd nigh the River-side without the Walls till the Irish should march out of the English Town Major General Talmash staid behind to see good Order kept and the Articles observed on both sides according to the Design of them Assoon as our Army marched away the Irish Foot-Guards Some of the Irish march out went out towards Cork they were called 140â— Men the Week before but now as nigh as I could count them they made only 482 nor was this Number left before they got to Cork The 14th The Irish make a distribution of Provisions and some Money amongst their Men and are fitting out their Guns and other Tackle in Town for France And here it may be enquired by some what Security our General had for the Return of so many Ships as must be employed in that Expedition since they were to go into the Country of our greatest Enemy and K. James had a specious Pretext as they were his Subjects to detain them they having no Power to make Articles to his prejudice
some of O Donnel's Men then in that Country which was done accordingly There hapned about this time two Violent Flashes of Lightning and Claps of Thunder at Kinsale by the latter of which the Portsmouth Frigatt suffered great damage having her Main To and Main Yard broke to pieces and the Main Mast split for twelve foot downwards breaking throw the Larboard side of the Ship twelve foot in length and did some other mischief tho only one Man was hurt by it Nigh the same time the Officers belonging to the Train of Artillery The Waggoners and others of that Society were broke as being no farther useful in this Kingdom And January 23 being the first day of the Term the The Oaths taken according to the new Act of Parliament Lords Justices came to the Court of King's-Bench and there took the Oaths to Their Majesties and Subscribed the Declaration required by the late Act of Parliament in England as did also several of the Nobility Whence the Lord Chancellor returned to his High Court of Chancery where the Judges of the several Courts Masters of Chancery King's Councel the Lawyers and several other Persons of different Qualities and Imployments took the prescribed Oaths c. For the Act of Parliament being Reprinted at Dublin and spread abroad by the Lords Justices Order and requiring all Persons whatever in any Imployment within Thirty Miles of that City to take the said Oath and subscribe the Declaration before the end of Hillary Term January 1692. and no exception being made or excuse allowed for Men's being Sick or otherwise disabled several were brought up to Town with great difficulty and the Courts daily throng'd 'till the Term was over Great quantities of Wheat and other Grain were ordered from Cork and Kingsale to furnish the Stores of Limerick that part of the Countrey being now very much put to it for want of Bread as being the seat of War this two years past The 25th Colonel Mathew's Dragoons were Shipp'd at Belfast as Sir John Lanier's Horse had been some time before and on the 27th my Lord Portland's Horse were Shipp'd at Passage near Waterford A Declaration was Publish'd by the Lords Justices A Declaration forbidding the buying Debenters or Arrears forbidding any Officer Clerk or other Person whatever belonging to imploy'd in or depending on their Majesties Treasury either by himself or any other directly or indirectly to buy any Arrears or Debenters due to any Officer or Souldier or any other Persons who have been imploy'd in Their Majesties Service during this present War upon pain of losing the benefit of such Contract or Agreement as also of being dismissed their Imployments and of being declared uncapable of being Imployed in the Treasury for the future The buying of such Debenters being adjudged dishonourable to Their Majesties Service and Government and to the loss of the persons to whom the same are payable And nigh the same time another Order was sent Another Order to turn out all the Irish Papists out of our Regiments out Commanding all Colonels and others in Their Majesties Army who had entertain'd any Irish in their respective Regiments Troops or Companies forthwith to dismiss them and not to keep any one Irish Papist under their Command upon pain of having January 1692. such Regiments broke where any such were found A great Frost began January the 19th and is now so violent that Multitudes of the poor People and especially of the Irish perish for Cold The Lords Justices and Council very Charitably order all the Poor then in and about the City of Dublin to be taken up and put into sveral Convenient Houses being in all 640 odd who were provided for with Meat and Fire without which Care several hundreds must have perished in the Streets And yet a great many of them had been so used to that Trade of Begging that the being provided for with Necessaries and Confin'd to a Place was uneasie to them so that several stole out and fell to Begging again But this Charitable Care was not taken in other parts of the Kingdom so that a Man might every where see a great many Objects of Pity and Misery and they continue so to this very day Some time before this the Danes were Shipp'd as is said having four Men of War and 46 other Vessels to Transport them but being driven back by contrary Winds and kept in the Harbour by stress of weather a new supply of Provisions was Ordered them Two Proclamations were Publish'd at Dublin one Commanding all Persons that were not qualified by the Articles of Limerick and Galway which were Noble-Men and Gentlemen who were House-keepers and have Estates of Freehold of one Hundred Pounds a year which by the said Proclamation was declared to be the qualification of the Persons Compriz'd in the said Articles to deliver up their Arms of all sorts before the Tenth of March and if they failed therein to be prosecuted with the utmost severity of Law And whosoever shou'd discover any Fire Arms so detain'd after the 10th of March shou'd have Ten Shillings Reward February 1692. and Five Shillings for every discovery of other Arms to be paid him by the Sheriff of the City or Justice of the Peace to whom such Discovery shou'd be made the same to be repaid by the Sheriff of the County and allowed in his Accounts in the Exchequer And the Persons in whose Custody such Arms are found shall lose the benefit of the said Articles and be bound over to the next Assizes or Sessions which shall first happen And all Persons who had Arms before the first day of November last being not qualified to keep them and shall not give a satisfactory Account how they have disposed of them shall be look'd upon as guilty of a Contempt against the said Proclamation And the Sheriffs of the respective Counties were to give an Account from time to time of what Arms were brought in to the Clerk of the Council or his Deputy And that all Persons that were qualify'd to keep Arms might wear the same without being affronted or have the same taken from them on any pretence each Person was to apply himself to the Lords Justices for a License for that purpose which was to be granted without any Fee or Reward whatever Which Proclamation was to be publish'd three Market-days successsively in each Town in Ireland and then affixed Dated the 4th of February 1691 2. The other Proclamation was to forbid all Justices of the Peace Mayors Sheriffs and other Magistrates whatever to presume so far upon their Authority as to meddle with the Property Right Title or Possession of the Estate or Goods of any of Their Majesties Subjects other than as by due Course of Law they are required or can justifie By which Proclamation some of the Irish that had been wronged were set to rights and satisfied tho' they were not so forward in obeying February 1692. the former in
nihil for the Affairs of the State and those of the Army spent all and that all was not sufficient In the Reign therefore of King Edward II. Maurice Fitz Thomas Earl of Desmond as his Ancestor was the first of English Race that took part with the Irish against his Native Country Men he being now Commander in Chief of the Army against the Scots then Invading Ireland he only changed the name of the Ancient Irish Custom called Bonaught but began to practice the thing it self under the names of Coigne and Livery and Pay that is he and his Army took Horse Meat and Mans Meat and also Money at their pleasure without any satisfaction so much as of a Bill And this afterwards proved the general fault of all the Chief Commanders in this Kingdom for finding the advantage of this way of proceeding they begun to oppress the Poor English heavily who rather than endure it would give them a part of their Land to have the rest free which Land so given the Lords put Irish Tenants upon and incouraged them in several particulars that so they might pay their Rent And then the Kings of England not being at leisure to attend the War in their own Persons they could do no less in Honour than give a great part of the Land to those that Conquered it But those Scopes of Land given at first to the English Adventurers were generally too large and the Priviledges so great that they begun to set up for themselves no fealty being reserved to the Crown by the Tenants but only to their Lords which first made them Proud and then Contentious Upon which account to strengthen their Parties they Allyed themselves with the Irish and drew them in to dwell amongst them and not having English Tenants enough for their Lands they were obliged to take Irish By living amongst whom and having their Servants and Nurses generally of such they and their Children by degrees became of the same stamp and having no other means to pay or reward the Irish that were of their Faction they suffered them to take Coygne and Livery from the English Freeholders which Oppression was so intolerable as that the better sort were forced to quit their Free-holds and flye into England never returning more though Laws were made in both Kingdoms to remand them and the rest that remained soon became degenerate and meer Irish Then the English Lords finding the Irish Exactions to be more profitable than the English Rents and Services and loving the Irish Tyranny which was tied to no Rules of Law or Honour better than a just and lawful Seigniory did reject and cast off the English Laws and Government and some with the Irish Customs assuming their very Names also which Customs of theirs were all Enemies to the English Interest in this Countrey Whether it was that called Tanistry What Tanistry signifies that is when any of their Chieftains or Heads of Factions died then the Goods of the whole Sept or Family were to be divided a-new nor did the Sons always succeed but such of the Kindred as could purchase the Election by strong hand by which there cou'd be no encouragement either to Build or Plant or indeed to have any thing but from hand to mouth since they knew not who might reap the fruits of their Labour For tho' it 's said the Irish received the Christian Faith above twelve hundred years ago and were lovers of Musick Poetry and all kinds of Learning Possessing also a Countrey abounding with all things necessary for the life of Man yet did they never build Reasons why the Irish did not improve their Countrey formerly Houses of Brick or Stone before the time of King Henry II. some few poor Religious Houses excepted and when afterwards they saw the English build Castles they only did it for their Chiefs and not for themselves nor endeavoured they to imitate the English in any sort of Improvements which being against all common Sense and Reason must needs be imputed to their Customs in making all their Possessions incertain and wou'd have hindred the improvement of their Countrey to the Worlds end if those Customs had not been abolish'd by the Law of England The Irish had also Cosherings Visitations and Progresses Cosherings made by their Chief and his Followers among his Tenants Sessings for his Horses Dogs and Boys Cuttings Tallages and spendings at his pleasure which made him an absolute Tyrant and his Vassals poor Slaves Add to these their Fosterings the Irish of all Fosterings People having the greatest inclination to Nurse other Mens Children because Fostering amongst them is always reputed a stronger alliance than Blood and when once they have Nursed a Child in any Family they think themselves so near Related thereto that they are obliged to perform whilst they live all the faithful Services in their Power and from whence ever after they expect a Supply of what Necessaries they have occasion for and as often as they have a mind to call for them Then they had Gossipred or Compaternity which tho' by the Canon-Law a Spiritual affinity yet no Nation ever made so Religious account of it as the Irish Now these and many other such like Customs made strong Parties and Factions whereby the Great Men were enabled to oppress their Inferiours and to oppose their Equals Besides which their frequent Divorces their Promiscuous Begetting of Children and neglect of Lawful Matrimony were no small Temptations for vitious Minds to degenerate and fall into the like Extreams Those were the Irish Customs which the English Collonies did embrace after they had rejected the Civil and Honourable Laws of England which especially fell out in the later end of King Edward the Second and the beginning of King Edward the Third proving of very Fatal Consequence to the English Interest in that Kingdom the degenerate English being always harder to subdue than the Natives for tho' their Minds and Manners were alter'd yet they had so much English Blood left in their Veins as gave them English Courage and Resolution whereby the Fitz Geralds and Earl of Desmond's Rebellions were worse than those of meer Irish Then Sir John Davis proves out of several Records that in former times most of the Inhabitants were not the King's Tenants but derived their Titles from the Irish and English Noblemen who kept an awe and dependance upon them for tho' the Kings of England were formerly owned as Lords of Ireland yet the Lords of Irish Lords formerly stiled Kings Ireland Ruled as Kings and were so stiled by the Kings of England themselves as appears by the Concord made between Henry 2. and Rotherick O Connor King of Conaght in the Year 1175 Recorded by Hoveden in this Form Hic est finis Concordia inter Dominum Regem Angliae Henricum filium imperatricis Rodoricum Regem Conactae scilicet quod Rex Angliae concessit praedicto Roderico Legeo Homini suo ut sit
Ginckel made Commander in Chief of the Army Lords Justices begin their Government The Earl of Marlborough sent with a Fleet into Ireland Cork and Kinsale taken The Irish make Attempts upon our Frontiers Part of our Army move towards the Shannon Rapparees in the Bog of Allen Those People serviceable to the Irish Interest and how My Lord Tyrconnel returns from France Sarsfield made Earl of Lucan The Irish defeated at the Mote of Greenoge Several Adventures with the Rapparees and Parlies of the Irish Army Some of our Regiments take the Field at Mullingar ON the sixth of September our Army marched to Tipperary about fourteen Miles from Limerick where they begun to disperse towards their respective Quarters And we had an Account by some Deserters that my Lord Tyrconnel and all the French Forces were Ship'd off at The French leave Ireland Gallway for France The reason of this was also enquired after by a great many that the French shou'd absolutely quit Ireland at a time when we had raised our Siege which might have given them hopes of re-gaining the next Year what they lost this at least to defend the Province of Connaught against us and so protract the War beyond what they cou'd have hoped for if the Town had been taken and that if the want of Provisions was an Objection it was easier to carry those to the Men than bring the Men to their Provisions But the reason that I have heard given for their departure was That the late King appearing very unexpectedly in France at a time when all People were over-joyed with the News of the Battel of Flerus won at Land and a Victory also gained at Sea to palliate matters therefore as to himself he laid all the blame upon the Irish that they wou'd not fight but many of them laid down their Arms in such order as if they had been Exercising which indeed some of them did Upon which the Fr. K. concluding that all was lost in that Kingdom he sent Orders to Count Lauzun to make the best of a bad Market and so come off for France as well as he could with all his Men. But the Irish taking heart of grace at our Fleets and the Dutch Armies misfortunes they held out beyond expectation And those Orders of the French Kings not coming till after His Majesty had raised the Siege of Limerick Count Lauzun waited about twelve Days for a Countermand but that not appearing he set sail for France tho' he met with contrary Orders at Sea but then it was too late For His Majesty had been a Fortnight at London before they heard at Paris that the Siege of Limerick was raised which shewed that whatever good Intelligence they might have from England or Ireland at other times they wanted it now but whether the Wind was cross or what else was the reason I am uncertain About the fourteenth we heard that Sarsfield with a part of the Irish Army had marched over the Shannon at Banoher-Bridge and besieged the Castle of Birr wherein Birr besieged by the Irish was only a Company of Colonel Tiffin's Foot who stoutly defended the Castle the only temble place but Major-General Kirk marching thither with a part of our Army the Enemy quitted the Siege and marched off At this time Count Solms who commanded in Chief was at Cashel where he received a Letter by a Trumpeter from the Duke of Berwick then at Limerick complaining that they heard of a Design of ours to send all those Prisoners we had taken at several places to be Slaves in the Foreign Plantations and withal threatning ours with the French Gallies But this was only a trick of the Irish Officers themselves to prevent their Soldiers from deserting making them believe there was a Contract to sell them all to Monsieur Perara the Jew for so much Bread which made the name of the Jew very terrible to the Irish But this was a mere Story of their own framing and therefore Count Solms sent the following Answer to the Duke's Letter Henry Count de Solms General of Their Majesties Army in their Kingdom of Ireland HAving never before heard of a Design to send those Numbers Count Solms's Answer to the Duke of Berwick's Letter of your Men we have Prisoners to the Foreign Plantations we detained your Trumpeter here for some Days in hopes we might have been able to trace this Report which you send us word is spread about of such our Intentions but no enquiry we have made giving us the least light therein we have reason to think that neither those Prisoners we have of yours need fear so long a Voyage nor those few of ours in your hands be apprehensive of yielding a small Recruit to the French King's Gallies However we think fit to declare that your Men shall severely feel the effects of any ill usage you shall offer to ours for which they may reckon themselves obliged to their Generals Given at our Head-Quarters at Cashel the 21st Day of September 1690. To the Duke of Berwick or the Officer in Chief commanding the Enemies Forces Soon after this Count Solms went for England and the Lieutenant-General Ginckel made Commander in Chief Baron de Ginckel was made Lieutenant-General and Commander in Chief of the Army who went to his Head-Quarters at Kilkenny Towards the middle of September Henry Lord Viscount Sidney and Thomas Coningesby Esquire two of the Lords-Justices went to Dublin where they took the usual Oaths of Chief Governors of that Kingdom before the Commissioners of the Great Seal and immediately begun their The Lords-Justices go to Dublin work of putting the Country in as good a condition of Safety as the nature of the times would bear Whilst the King was imployed in the Field with his Army against the Town of Limerick it was first proposed by the Earl of Nottingham to my Lord Marlborough and afterwards approved of in Councel as very Advantageous to Their Majesties Affairs to send a Party from England who joyning with a Detachment from the King's Army might reduce those two important Garrisons of Cork and Kinsale and provisions were made accordingly But not being ready so soon as was designed His Majesty upon His return for England sent the Earl of Marlborough with his own Regiment of Fusiliers Brigadier Trelawny's Princess Ann's Earl of Marlborough sent into Ireland Colonel Hastings's Colonel Hales's Sir David Collier's Colonel Fitz-Patrick's one hundred of the Duke of Bolton's and two hundred of the Earl of Monmouth's with my Lord Torrington's and Lord Pembrook's Marine Regiments CORK CITY After the taking of those two Towns the Irish that lay October 1690. in the County of Kerry made several Incursions and burnt some small Villages in the County of Cork and near the same time another Party burnt Balliboy a Village 8 miles The Irish make some attempts upon our Quarters from Birr wherein there was then six Companies of the Earl of
sired upon them but our Men contemning all Disadvantages advanced immediately to the lowest Hedges and beat the Irish from thence The Enemy however did not retreat far but posted themselves in the next Ditches before us which our Men seeing and disdaining to suffer their Lodging so near us they would needs beat them from thence also and so from one Hedge to another till they were got very nigh the Enemies main Battel But the Irish had so ordered the matter as to make an easie Passage for their Horse amongst all those Hedges and Ditches by which means they poured in great numbers both of Horse and Foot upon us which Colonel Earl seeing encouraged his Men by advancing before them and saying There was no way to come off but to be Brave As great an Example of true Courage and Generosity as any Man this Day living But being both flanked and fronted as also exposed to all the Enemies Shot from the adjacent Ditches our Men were forced to quit their Ground and betake themselves to the Bogg again A Party of our Foot beat back whither they were followed or rather drove down by main strength of Horse and Foot and a great many killed Colonel Earl and Colonel Herbert were here taken Prisoners the former after twice taking and retaking got free at last tho not without being wounded Whilst this was a doing here Col. St. Johns Col. Tiffin Lord George Hambleton the French and several other Regiments were marching over below upon the same Bogg The Irish in the mean time laid so close in their Ditches that several were doubtful whether they had any Men at that place or not but they were convinced of it at last for no sooner were the French and the rest got within twenty yards or less of the Ditches but the Irish fired most furiously upon them which our Men as bravely sustained and pressed forwards tho they could scarce see one another for Smoak And now the thing seemed so doubtful for some time that the By-standers would rather have given it on the Irish side for they had driven our Foot in the Centre so far back that they were got almost in a Line with some of our Great Guns planted near the Bogg which we had not the Benefit of at that Juncture because of the mixture of our Men and theirs M. G. Ruvigny's French Horse and Sir John Laniers being both posted on the Right were afterwards part of Our Horse pass the Bogg near the Castle of Aghrim them drawn to the Left where they did very good Service And the Right Wing of our Horse in the mean time were making what haste they could to succour our Foot for seeing their Danger and indeed that all was in hazard by reason of the Difficulty of the Pass they did more than Men in pressing and tumbling over a very dangerous place and that amongst Showrs of Bullets from a Regiment of Dragoons and two Regiments of Foot posted conveniently under Cover by the Enemy to obstruct our Passage Our Horse at this place were sustained by Major General Kirks and Colonel Gustavus Hambleton's Foot who after we had received the Enemies Fire for a considerable time marched under the Walls of the Castle and Lodged themselves in a dry Ditch in the throng of the Enemies Shot from the Castle and some other old Walls and Hedges adjoining Those that have seen the place and considered the Disadvantages that our Men had at such a Juncture to encounter withal must needs Acknowledge the Action very Brave For it s reported that Monsieur St. Ruth seeing our Horse draw that way and then begin to scramble over at a place where only two a Breast could pass and that too with great difficulty after all which they had no other way to march but to go within thirty yards of the Castle The French General seeing our Men attempt to do this askt What they meant by it And being answered That they would certainly endeavour to pass there and Attack him on the Left he is said to reply with an Oath They are brave Fellows it s a pity they should be so exposed or Words to that purpose Our Horse with much difficulty made good that Pass Sir Francis Compton with my Lord of Oxford's Regiment being one of the first that could be in a posture to Engage he fell at Random in amongst the Enemy and charged them briskly with Sword in Hand and tho his Men were once or twice Repulsed yet being seconded with part of Major General Ruvigny's Horse Colonel Langston's and some of Colonel Byerley's Horse as also Brigadeer Leveson's Dragoons they soon made Good their Party on that side tho' not without the loss of several both Men and Horses The Major General Talmash seeing the Disadvantage Major General Talmash Succours our Foot our Foot laboured under in the Centre he shewed at once an extream concern for his Countrymens being repulsed and as much Generosity and Courage by hastning to Succour those that at that time stood most in need of it coming up therefore in all haste with some fresh Men he gave Orders for our broken Regiments to halt and face about which they did immediately and returned the same Measure to the Irish that some of themselves had met withal the very Minute before that is they knockt them on the Head for the Irish followed us toward the Centre of the Bogg which tho not two hundred yards from the lowest Ditches yet before the Enemy could recover those again our Men had killed above three hundred of them and then marched boldly up to their old Ground again from whence they had been lately beat which is only natural to English Men for it 's observable that they are commonly fiercer and bolder after being repulsed than before and what blunts the Courage of all other Nations commonly whets theirs I mean the killing of their Fellow Soldiers before their Faces At the same time Major General Mackay had fallen upon the Enemy with a good Body of Horse on their Left and then Major General Ruvigny went along the side of the Bogg with another Party of Horse who did extraordinary Service bearing down all before them then the Horse and Foot of our Right and their Left mixing there was nothing but a continued fire and a very hot dispute all along the Line The Irish indeavouring to defend their Ditches and our men as forward to beat them from thence But the thing was doubtful not much longer for Mons St. Ruth when he first saw our Foot in the Centre repulsed in a great Ecstasy told those next him that he wou'd now beat our Army back to the Gates of Dublin But seeing our Horse press over towards the Castle he ordered a Brigade of his own Horse to march up then Riding to one of his Batteries and giving orders to the Gunner where to fire he was marching towards the place where he saw us indeavour to come over but was
killed with a great Shot from one of our Batteries as he rid down the Hill of Monsiuer St. Ruth killed Killkomodon the place where the main stress of the Battle was fought being just under the Enemies Camp When Monsieur St. Ruth fell one of his Retinue threw a Cloak upon his Corps and soon after removed him beyond the Hill his Guard going off at the same time which the Irish Horse perceiving a great many of them drew off also I never could learn what became of his Corps some say that he was left stript amongst the other dead when our men pursued beyond the Hill and others that he was thrown into a Bogg However tho the man had an ill Character in being one of the greatest Persecutors of the Protestants in France yet we must allow him to be very brave in his Person and indeed considerable in his Conduct since he brought the Irish to fight a better Battle than ever their Nation could boast of before And this was the reason as the Irish report that the General being killed tho it was not presently known yet their Army was soon in Confusion for want of Orders and so the Horse forced to draw off But the truth of it was the Irish before they began to shrink had behaved themselves beyond all expectation and had fought longer than ordinary yet when they saw our Horse come over so dangerous a Pass and our Foot in the Centre Rally and resolve to dye every man rather than be beat back again the Irish then thought they must be beat if the other would not so that notwithstanding all their advantages of Hedges and Ground Sun and Wind they were forced to quit one advantagious Post and after that another till being beat from Ditch to Ditch they were driven up to the Top of the Hill of Killkomodon where The Irish Army Routed their Camp had laid which being levelled and they exposed to our Shot more openly they began now to run down right the Foot towards a great Bogg behind them on their Left and the Horse on the High-way towards Loughreagh The Irish upon their advantage in the Centre of the Battle had taken some Prisoners as has been said but not being able to carry them off they killed Col. Herbert and one or two more which several have lookt upon as a piece of cruelty and yet it 's no more than what has been often practised in such Cases and that to a greater degree for at the Battle of Agincourt Fought between Hen. 5th of England and Charles the 6th of France upon the 24th of Octob. 1414. the number of the Prisoners taken by the English being very great and King Henry after the Battle perceiving fresh Troops of the King of Sicill's to appear in the Field and these strong enough without any new rallyed Forces to Encounter his wearied Soldiers that he might not therefore have both Prisoners to Guard and an Enemy to fight at once he commanded every man to kill his Prisoner contrary to his Generous Nature which was immediately done some principal men excepted and then upon his Message to the Enemy either to Fight or immedately to quit the Field they chose the latter And some say that My Lord Galway had hard measure from some of our Foreign Toopers who kill'd him after he had surrendered himself a Prisoner not to themselves but to some others The place where this Battle was fought will make a noise in History for the future tho there 's nothing worth taking notice of near it For that which they call the Castle of Aghrim is only an old ruinous Building with some Walls and Ditches about it and never has been a place of any Strength only as it 's seated upon a Pass There are about half a score little Cabbins on the other side a small Brook with the Ruins of a little Church and a Priory Dedicated to St. Catherine and founded by the Butlers the whole being at this day the Estate of the D. of Ormond After things went clear on our side this old Castle Aghrim Castle taken was taken and a great many put the Sword in it Col. Burk the Commander his Major Eleven Officers more and Forty Soldiers were made Prisoners In this Battle we took from the Enemy nine pieces of Brass Cannon which they had planted at several places to their greatest advantage all their Ammunition Tents and Baggage with most of their small Arms which they threw away to run the faster we took also Eleven Standards and thirty two pair of Colours The General rewarding every one that brought any in the next day and sent them afterwards by my Lord O Bryan as a present to Her Majesty We killed seven Thousand of the Irish upon The number of the Dead the Spot as was generally believed and there could not be many fewer for looking amongst the Dead three days after when all our own and some of theirs were buried I reckoned in some small Inclosures 150 in others 120 c. lying most of them by the Ditches where they were Shot and the rest from the top of the Hill where their Camp had been looked like a great Flock of Sheep shattered up and down the Countrey for almost four Miles round And the Irish themselves tho they will not allow so many to be killed yet they own that they lost more which they could never have any account of except they stole home privately or else turned Rapparees We took also above four hundred and fifty Prisoners of the chief of whom and those killed there was shortly after a List in Print which time has informed me of some mistakes in tho possibly there may be some as yet remaining The General and Field Officers taken Prisoners 26. viz. Lord Duleek Lord Slane Lord Buffin Sir Nicholas Brown alias Lord Killmare Major General Dorrington Major Gen. John Hambleton Brigadeer Tuite Col. Walter Bourk Col. Gordon O Neal. Col. Butler of Kilkash Col. O Connel Col. Edmund Madden Lieut. Col. John Chappel Lieut. Col. John Butler Lieut. Col. Baggot Lieut. Col. John Border Lieut. Col Mack Genuis Lieut. Col. Rossiter Lieut. Col. Mack Guire Major Patrick Lawless Major Kelly Major Grace Major William Bourk Major Edmund Butler Major Edmund Broghill Major John Hewson with 30 Captains 25 Lieutenants 23 Ensig 5 Cor. 4 Quarter-masters and an Adjutant KILLED Monsieur St. Ruth General of the Irish Army Lord Killmallock Lord Galway Brigadeer Connel Brigad W. Mansfield Barker Brigad Hen. Mack J. O Neal. Col. Charles More his Lieut. Col. and Major Col. David Bourk Col. Vlick Bourk Col. Cohanaught Macguire Col. James Talbot Col. Arthur Col. Mahoony Lieut. Col. Morgan Major Purcel Major O Donnell Sir John Everard with several others not yet known besides at least five hundred Captains and Subaltern Officers We lost Seventy Three Officers who were killed in this Action with an Hundred and Eleven Wounded Six Hundred Soldiers were Killed and Nine Hundred and
loss to us because of the conveniency of Ground we had to Encamp on There were only three Ships left now in the Bay who anchoring nigh the Town they made off from the Shoar as the Army marched in And there was a Proposal offered to make all our Tin-Boats into four Floats and put two small Field-pieces upon each with which we were to attempt the seizing the Ships in the Bay for it was supposed that if the Ships had Guns yet our Floats would be so flat as to lie under them and so we might with no great danger either board or sink the Vessels but after having made the Floats and mounted some of our Guns upon them the design was found impracticable for several Reasons and we had an opportunity of lamenting our misfortune in not having at that time so much as one English Frigat near us The Boats therefore were to be imployed other-ways for as soon as it was grown dark Lieutenant A Party of Monks pass the River General Mackay with Colonel Tiffins Colonel St. Johns Monsieur Cambons Lord George Hambletons one Dutch and a Danish Regiment of Foot with four Squadrons of Horse and Dragoons were wafted over the River about two Miles above the Town by break of day our men were all safe on the other side meeting with no opposition only a small Party of Dragoons fir'd at the first Party that landed and then scoured off whether the Irish really expected Balderock O Donnell to come into Town that way is uncertain however we had now destroyed all hopes of it and he retired again into the County of Mayo from whence he writ to the General as has been said On Sunday in the Evening not many hours after we appear'd before the Town one Captain Bourk deserted from the Eâ—â—my and gave the General an account that the Fort the Irish were making towards the South-East was almost finished and therefore the sooner it was attacked it would be the easier gained and that it was as necessary for us to take as them to keep it because iâ— commanded a great part of the Wall on that side the Town Nâ—xt Morning early A Fort taken Count Nassau with a Party of Granadeers and two Regiments of Foot was conducted by Captain Bourk the safest way to attack this Fort Major General Talmash would needs go a Volunteer as he usually did when it was not his turn to command we mannaged it so well that our Granadeers were got almost to the Foot of the Enemies works before they discovered us upon which the Irish made some faint firings but our men then rushed forwards and threw in their Granado's which soon forced the Enemy to retire by a Line of Communication that was drawn from the Fort to the Town we lost in this Action only a Lieutenant and five Men having two Lieutenants and eight men more wounded and after the Fort was in our possession the Irish fired both small and great shot upon us from their Walls by which they wounded several and killed one Mounsieur Madronet an Ingineer as he was giving Orders to the Workmen That morning five Troopers desert from Balderock's Party giving some account of his present circumstances tho when the Irish within saw a part of our Army beyond the River they still made shew of resisting and burnt all the Suburbs on that side the Town which were very large and the Irish the readier to destroy them because most of the Houses thereabouts had formerly belonged to the English About ten a Clock and whilst their Suburbs were yet in a flame the Irish beat a Parley the Governour sending The Irish beat a Parley a Drummer wiâ—â— a Letter to the General to desire a safe Conduct for some Persons to come out in order to a Capitulation To which the General returned a satisfactory Answer and presently a Cessation was commanded between the Camp and Garrison those in Town crowding in great numbers upon the Walls and our Souldiers going to the out-side of the Irish Works enquiring each for their Friends and Acquaintance in one anothers Army In the afternoon Hostages were exchanged in order Hostages exchanged to a Treaty Those on our side were Lieutenant Colonel Purcel Lieutenant Colonel Coot and the Marquess de Rhada Lieutecant Colonel to my Lord Cutts The Enemies Hostages were Lieutenant Colonel Linch Lieutenant Colonel Burk and Lieutenant Colonel Reyley The Articles were not agreed upon that day and the Irish prevailed with the General to continue the Cessation till Tuesday at ten a Clock which time being come the General ordered eight Guns and four Mortars to be drawn down to that Fort we took the day before and there to be planted then sent a Drum to command away his Hostages but the Irish had some debates amongst themselves not that they pretended to hold out the Town but about the method of Surrender and the Substance of their Articles Their delayes however made the General impatient and he sent once or twice to hasten their Resolutions At last Lieutenant Colonel Burk one of their Hostages was permitted to go in Major General Talmash as was believed being inclined to lay the Treaty aside desired him When they were ready to begin afresh to give us a sign to secure our selves by firing a Gun into the Air The other replied That they would not fire from within till we provok'd them to it from without But after some further time it was agreed to that next Sunday morning the Town should be delivered up upon the following Articles The Articles of Galloway as they were confirmed afterwards by their Majejesties GUlielmus Maria Dei gratia Angliae Scotiae Franciae Hiberniae Rex Regina Fidei Defensores c. Omnibus ad quos praesentes Litera Nostrae pervenirint salutem Inspeximus Irrotulamentum quarundum literarum patentium de confirmatione gerenda apud Westmonasterium decimo Septimo die Februarii ultimo praeterito in Curia Cancelaria Nostra Irrotulata ac ibidem Recordo Remanente in haec verba WIlliam and Mary by the Grace of God c. To all to whom these presents shall come Greeting Whereas certain Articles bearing date the one and twentieth day of July last past were made and agreed upon by our Trusty and well belvoed Rebort Baron de Ginckel Lieutenant General and Commander in Chief of Our Forces in Our Kingdom of Ireland and the Constable and Governour of Our Town of Galway in Our said Kingdom Whereby Our said General promises that We should ratifie these Capitulations within the space of three months from the date thereof or sooner The Tenor of which said Articles is as followeth Viz. Articles granted to the Town and Garison Articles of Galloway of Galloway by Lieutenant General Ginckell Commander in Chief of Their Majesties Forces the 21st of July 1691. I. THat the Town and Fort of Galloway shall be given up to his Excellency or such Officer as he shall
La Melâ—oner's Brigades were to draw up at the Head of their respective Camps and there remain till further Orders so that our Army being disposed of on this manner the Irish would have met with a very scurvy Welcome if they had come at any time to visit us but they considered better of it and so staid at home The 20th most of the rest of our heavy Canon were Some of our Guns shipp'd drawn off and sent on Shipboard Several Deserters come in and some of our Prisoners make their Escape through a Hole in the Goal which our Cannon had made and inform the General of the State of the Town that it was not so very bad as some People made it for unless we kept them in also on the other Side we could not hope to carry it which Story had been very often told On the 21st the General received an Express with an Account of Sligoe's being surrendred to the Earl of Granard and it being fully agreed to pass the River next Day and a probable Consequence of that being that the Irish must needs then or never endeavour to attempt the forcing of our Works on this side when they saw our Army divide therefore it was ordered that in case of an Alarm there should be a Signal given which was by the lighting of a Torch upon a Pike at Mackay's Fort the Charge of which was committed to the Officer of the Quarter-Guard and he ordered to be very vigilant the Regiments being disposed of for Defence as before The Quartermasters were also ordered to be be at Major General Tetteau's by break of Day And therefore September the 22 d the General himself the Duke of Our Men pass the River a second time Wirtemberg Lieutenant General Scravemore with all our Horse and Dragoons commanded by Major General Ruvigny except Colonel Coys's Horse and fifty out of each Regiment of Dragoons with ten Regiments of Foot and fourteen Guns viz. ten 3 Pounders and four 12 Pounders taking also seven Days Provision along march'd over our Bridg of Boats into the County of Clare leaving Major General Mackay and Major General Talmash to command on this side All that Morning as our Horse and Foot march'd by this side of the Town the Enemy fired continually upon us from several Batteries but did us no great Injury At twelve a Clock all our Men had passed the River and about two eighteen of Colonel Matthews's Dragoons being our advance-Party were attack'd by a Party of the Enemy who out-numbred ours and obliged us to retreat till sustained by a greater Party as was also the Enemy and some small Firings continued till about four that our Foot came up we advancing still and the Enemy retiring till they were got under their Cannon Then all the Granadeers of our Party commanded by Colonel Tiffin Lieutenant Colonel Hudson and Major Noble sustained by Kirk's Tiffin's St. John's and my Lord George Hamilton's Regiments were commanded to advance and attack the Works that cover Thoumond Bridg being one Fort to the Right above Musket-shot from the Bridg The Attack at Thoumond Gate another on the Left somewhat nearer besides several natural Fortifications of Stone-quarries and Gravel-pits in all which the Enemy had posted a Detachment out of eighteen Regiments of about eight hundred Men. The Dispute was pretty hot at first and their Cannon playing from the King's Castle and two or three more Batteries as also their small Shot from the Walls the Attack seemed very hazardous and our Men ordered not to approach so nigh the Town as they afterwards did However the Irish being now pressed upon by our Granadeers they quitted their first Posts and then were reinforced by another Detachment from the Town but all this could not do their business for our Granadeers were so very forward and despised all Dangers to that degree that they put the whole Body to flight in despight of their Forts Cannon and all other Advantages and pursued them so close that a French Major who commanded at Thoumond Gate fearing our Mens entring the Town with their own he ordered the Draw-bridg to be pluck'd up and left the whole Party to the Mercy of our Souldiers those that were behind pressing the others forward and throwing them down over the Fall of the Draw-bridg then the rest cried out for Quarter holding up their Handkerchiefs and what else they could get but before killing was over they were laid on Heaps upon the Bridg higher than the Ledges of it so that they were all either killed or taken except about a hundred and twenty that got into Town before the Bridg was drawn up and many of those cut and slash'd to the purpose The number of the Dead is said to be 600 of the Enemy killed six hundred amongst whom we may reckon one hundred fifty four that were drowned in being forced over the Fall of the Draw-bridg and reckoned afterwards cast up upon the Shore The Prisoners were Colonel James Skelton who died afterwards of his Wounds Lieutenant Colonel Edmond Hurley Lieutenant Colonel Francis Dempsey Major Matthew French John Nelvil Aid-Major of Limerick besides nine Captains seven Lieutenants six Serjeants and ninety seven private Men all whose Names I have but they are not worth the while of writing down or reading afterwards We took also five Colours and as some say three small brass Guns that were with a Party of their Horse And we lost in this Action Lieutenant Starlin with twenty five private Men and had about threescore wounded One thing here remarkable is that Colonel Skelton's A remarkable Paper Pockets being search'd when he was taken Prisoner the following Paper was found amongst other things The Paper it self I have and will not be answerable either for the Orthography or Sense however take an exact Copy of it And first something like the fashion of a Spear's Head or a Wound as he calls it being slovenly drawn upon Paper the following Words were writ about it THis is the Measure of the Wounds of the Side of our Saviour Jesus Christ wich was brought from Constantinoble to the Emperor Charmaine in a Coffin of Goulde and is a most precious Relique to the end that he or she that carried the same about him no Fire nor Water no Wind Tempest Knaife Launce or Sword nor the Divil cannot hurt him and the Woman with Child the day she seeth the same Measure shall not dey a sudden Death but shall be delivered by and if any Man carre the same about him with good Devotion shall have the Honor and Victorey of his Enimy The day that any doth read the sam or heard it read shall not dey an evil Death Amen Animis scriptoris in manu Saluatoris I have more Charity for any in Colonel Skelton's Post than to believe that he could write this Paper himself for whoever did understood neither English nor Latin nor yet Common Sense I therefore believe it the Hand-writing of
â—hall be given up it shall be valued and the price deâ—ucted out of what is to be paid for the Provisions to be â—urnish'd to the Troops on Ship-Board 27. That there shall be a Cessation of Arms at Land â—s also at Sea with respect to the Ships whether English Dutch or French designed for the Transporâ—â—tion of the said Troops until they shall be returned â—o their respective Harbours and that on both sides â—hey shall be furnish'd with sufficient Pass-Ports both â—or Ships and Men and if any Sea-Commander or Captain of a Ship any Officer Trooper Dragoon or Soldier or any other Person shall act contrary to this Cessation the Persons so acting shall be punished on â—ither side and satisfaction shall be made for the wrong â—hat is done and Officers shall be sent to the Mouth of the River of Lymerick to give notice to the Commanders of the English and French Fleets of the present Conjuncture that they may observe the Cessation of Arms â—ccordingly 28. That for surety of the Execution of this present Capitulation and of each Article therein contained the Besieged shall give the following Hostages 29. If before this Capitulation is fully executed there happens any Change in the Government or Command of the Army which is now commanded by Generaâ— Ginckel all those that shall be appointed to command thâ— same shall be obliged to observe and execute what iâ— specified in these Articles or cause it to be executeâ— punctually and shall not act contrary on any aâ—count D'Vsson Le Chevalier de Tessee Latour Monfort Mark Talbot Lucan Jo. Wauchop Galmoy M. Purcell ARTICLES agreed upon the Third Day of October 1691. between the Right Honourable Sir Charles Porter Knight and Thomas Conyngesby Esq Lords Justices of Ireland and his Excellency the Baron De Ginckel Lieut. General and Commader in Chief of the English Army on the one part and the Right Honourable Patrick Earl of Lucan Percy Viscount Gallmoy Col. Nic. Purcell Col. Dillon and Col. John Browne on the other side on the behalf of the Irish Inhabitants in the City and County of Lymerick the Counties of Clare Cork Kerry Sligo and Mayo in consideration of the surrender of the City of Lymerick and other Agreements made between the said Lieut. Gen. Ginckel the Governour of the City of Lymerick and the Generals of the Irish Army bearing Date with these Presents for the Surrender of the said City and Submission of the said Army 1. THat the Roman Catholicks of this Kingdom shall enjoy such Privileges in the Exercise of their Religion as are consistent with the Laws of Ireland or as they did enjoy in the Reign of King Charles the Second and Their Majesties assoon as their Affairs will permit them to summon a Parliament in this Kingdom will endeavour to procure the said Roman Catholicks such further Security in that Particular as may preserve them from any disturbance upon the account of their said Religion 2. All the Inhabitants or Residents of Lymerick or any other Garrison now in the possession of the Irish and all Officers and Souldiers now in Arms under any Commission of K. James or those Authorized by him to grant the same in the several Counties of Lymerick Cork Kerry Clare Sligo and Mayo or any of them and all the Commission'd Officers in their Majesties Quarters that belong to the Irish Regiments now in being that are treated with and who are not Prisoners of War or have taken Protection who shall return and submit to Their Majesties Obedience their and every of their Heirs shall hold possess and enjoy all and every their Estates of Free-hold and Inheritance and all the Right Title and Interest Privileges and Immunities which they and every or any of them held enjoyed or were rightfully entitled to in the Reign of K. Charles the Second or at any time since by the Laws and Statutes that were in force in the said Reign of King Charles the Second and shall be put in possession by order of the Government of such of them as are in the King's Hands or the Hands of his Tenants without being put to any Suit or Trouble therein and all such Estates shall be freed and discharged from all Arrears of Crown-Rents Quit-Rents and other publick Charges incurred and become due since Michaelmas 1688 to the Day of the Date hereof and all Persons comprehended in this Article shall have hold and enjoy all their Goods and Chattels real and personal to them or any of them belonging and remaining either in their own Hands or in the Hands of any Persons whatsoever in Trust for or for the Use of them or any of them And all and every the said Persons of what Profession Trade or Calling soever they be shall and may use exercise and practise their several and respective Professions Trades and Callings as freely as they did use exercise and enjoy the same in the Reign of K. James the Second provided that nothing in this Article contained be construed to extend to or restore any forfeiting Person now out of the Kingdom except what are hereafter comprized Provided also That no Person whatsoever shall have or enjoy the Benefit of this Article that shall neglect or refuse to take the Oath of Allegiance made by Act of Parliament in England in the first year of the Reign of their present Majesties when thereunto required 3. All Merchants or reputed Merchants of the City of Lymerick or of any other Garrison now possessed by the Irish or of any Town or Place in the Counties of Clare or Kerry who are absent beyond the Seas that have not bore Arms since Their Majesties Declaration in February 1688 9 shall have the Benefit of the Second Article in the same manner as if they were present provided such Merchants and reputed Merchants do repair into this Kingdom within the space of eight Months from the Date hereof 4. The following Officers viz. Col. Simon Lutterill Col. Rowland White Maurice Eustace of Yearmanstown Cheviers of Maystown commonly called Mount-Linster now belonging to the Regiments of the aforesaid Garrisons and Quarters of the Irish Army who are beyond the Seas and sent thither upon Affairs of their respective Regiments or the Army in general shall have the Benefit and Advantage of the Second Article provided they return hither within the space of eight Months from the Date of these Presents and submit to Their Majesties Government and take the above-mentioned Oath 5. That all and singular the said Persons comprized in the Second and Third Articles shall have a General Pardon of all Attainders Outlawries Treasons Misprisions of Treasons Premunires Felonies Trespasses and other Crimes and Misdemeanors whatsoever by them or any of them committed since the beginning of the Reign of K. James the Second and if any of them are attainted by Parliament the Lords Justices and the General will use their best Endeavours to get the same Repealed by parliament and the Outlawries to be Reversed gratis
all but Writing-Clerks Fees 6. Whereas these present Wars have drawn great Violences upon both Parties and if Leave were given to the bringing of all sorts of private Actions the Animosities would probably continue that have been so long on foot and the publick Disturbances last for the quieting and settling therefore of the Kingdom and the avoiding those Inconveniences which would be the necessary consequence of the contrary no Person or Persons whatsoever comprized in the foregoing Articles shall be sued molested or impleaded at the Suit of any Party or Parties whatsoever for any Trespasses by them committed or for any Arms Horses Moneys Goods Chattels Merchandizes or Provisions whatsoever by them seized or taken during the Time of the War and no Person or Persons whatsoever in the Second or Third Articles comprized shall be sued or made accountable for the Rents or Rates of any Lands Tenements or Houses by him or them reserved or enjoyed in this Kingdom since the beginning of the present War to the Day of the Date hereof nor for any Waste or Trespass by him or them committed in any such Lands Tenements or Houses And it is also agreed that this Article shall be mutual and reciprocal on both sides 7. Every Nobleman and Gentleman comprized in the Second and Third Articles shall have Liberty to ride with a Sword and Case of Pistols if they think fit and keep a Gun in their Houses for the Defence of the same or Fowling 8. The Inhabitants and Residents of the City of Lymerick and other Garrisons shall be permitted to remove their Goods Chattels and Provisions out of the same without being viewed or search'd or paying any manner of Duties and shall not be compelled to leave their Houses or Lodgings they now have therein for the space of six Weeks next ensuing the Date hereof 9. The Oath to be administred to such Roman Catholicks as submit to Their Majesties Government shall be the Oath afore-said and no other 10. No Person or Persons who shall at any time hereafter break these Articles or any of them shall thereby make or cause any other Person or Persons to forfeit or lose the Benefit of the same 11. The Lords Justices and General do promise to use their utmost Endeavours that all Persons comprehended in the above-mentioned Articles shall be protected and defended from all Arrests and Executions for Debt or Damage for the space of eight Months next ensuing the Date hereof 12. Lastly The Lords Justices and the General do undertake That Their Majesties will ratifie these Articles within the space of three Months or sooner and use their utmost Endeavours that the same shall be ratified and confirmed in the Parliament 13. * * Q. Whether it be conform to the Laws of War that one and the same Person should be included in Articles of Surrender of three distinct places as was Col. J. Browne And whereas Col. John Browne stood indebted unto several Protestants by Judgments of Record which appearing to the late Government the Lords Tyrconnel and Lucan took away the Effects the said John Browne had to answer the said Debts which Effects were taken for the publick Use of the Irish and their Army for freeing the said Lord Lucan of his said Engagement past upon their publick Account for payment of the said Protestants for preventing the Ruine of the said John Browne and for satisfaction of his said Creditors at the instance of the said Lord Lucan and the rest of the persons aforesaid it is agreed That the said Lords Justices and Lieut. General Ginckel shall interpose with the King and Parliament to have the Estates secured to Roman Catholicks by Articles and Capitulations in this Kingdom charged with and equally liable to the payment of so much of the said Debts as the said Lord Lucan upon stating Accounts with the said John Browne shall certifie under his hand that the Effects taken from the said John Browne amount unto Account is to be stated and the Balance certified by the said Lord Lucan in 21 Days after the Date hereof For the true performance whereof we have hereunto set our Hands Present Scravemore H. Mackay T. Talmash Charles Porter Tho. Conyngesby Baron De Ginckel AND whereas the said City of Lymerick hath been since in pursuance of the said Articles surrendered unto Vs Now know ye That We having considered of the said Articles are graciously pleased hereby to declare that We do for Vs our Heirs and Successors as far as in Vs lies ratifie and confirm the same and every Clause Matter and Thing therein contained And as to such parts thereof for which an Act of Parliament shall be found to be necessary We shall recommend the same to be made good by Parliament and shall give Our Royal Assent to any Bill or Bills that shall be passed by Our Two Houses of Parliament to that purpose And whereas it appears unto Vs that it was agreed between the Parties to the said Articles that after the Words Lymerick Clare Cerry Cork Mayo or any of them in the second of the said Articles the Words following viz. And all such as are under their Protection in the said Counties should be inserted and be part of the said Articles which Words haivng been casually omitted by the Writer the omission was not discovered till after the said Articles were signed but was taken notice of before the second Town was surrendered And that Our said Justices and General or one of them did promise that the said Clause should be made good it being within the Intention of the Capitulation and inserted in the foul Draught thereof Our further Will and Pleasure is and We do hereby ratifie and confirm the said Words viz. And all such as are under their Protection in the said Counties hereby for Vs our Heirs and Successors ordaining and declaring that all and every Person and Persons therein concerned shall and may have receive and enjoy the Benefit thereof in such and the same manner as if the Words had been inserted in their proper place in the said second Article any omission defect or mistake in the said second Article in any ways notwithstanding Provided always and Our Will and Pleasure is that these our Letters-Patents shall be enrolled in our Court of Chancery in our said Kingdom of Ireland within the space of one Year next ensuing In witness c. Witness Our selâ— at Westminster the Twenty fourth Day of February Anno Regni Regis Reginae Gulielmi Mariae quarto per breve de privato sigillo Nos autem tenorem praemissor praedict ad requisitionem Attornat General Domini Regis Dominae Reginae pro Regno Hiberniae duximus exemplificandum per praesentes In Cujus rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Patentes Testibus nobis ipsis apud Westmon quinto die Aprilis Annoque Regni eorum quarto Bridges Examinat per Nos S. Keck Lacon W. Child in Cancel Magistros Our
Souldiers in order according to their Lists they first carried all the Men on Board and many of the Women at the second return of the Boat for the Officers catching hold to be carried on Board were dragged off and through fearfulness losing their hold were drowned but others who held faster had their fingers cut off and so perished in sight of their Husbands or Relations tho' those of them that did get over wou'd make but a sad Figure if they were admitted to go to the late Queen's Court at St. Germaine The Sheriffs for the several Counties in Ireland were prick'd and the same day all the Irish Prisoners that were in Newgate in Dublin were released and my Lord Lucan finding that he had Ships enough for all the Irish that were like to go with him the Number that went before and these Shipt at this time being according to the best computation about 12000 of all sorts he Signs the following Releasement WHereas by the Articles of Limerick Lieutenant My Lord Lucan 's Release to the General General Ginckell Commander in Chief of the English Army did engage himself to furnish ten thousand Tun of Shipping for the Transporting of such of the Irish Forces to France as were willing to go thither and to facilitate their passage to add four thousand Tun more in case the French Fleet did not come to this Kingdom to take off part of those Forces and whereas the French Fleet has been upon the Coast and carried away some of the said Forces and the Lieutenant General has provided Ships for as many of the rest as are willing to go as aforesaid I do hereby delare that the said Lieutenant General is released from any Obligation he lay under from the said Articles to provide Vessels for that purpose and do quit and renounce all farther Claim and Pretension on this Account c. Witness my Hand this 8th of December 1691. Witnesses Lucan Mark Talbot F. H. de la Forest Susannel December the 20th Colonel Langston's and Colonel Monopouillon's Horse and the Prince of Hess's Foot Shipp'd at Dublin for England and Colonel Neuhewson's Horse and the Brandeuburgh Foot march'd into Dublin The 22 d my Lord Lucan and the rest of the Irish Great Officers went on Board the Transport Ships leaving Hostages at Cork for the return of the said All the Irish go off except the Hostages Ships And at the same time Colonel Hasting's Sir David Collier's Colonel Brewer's and Colonel Herbert's Regiments were Shipp'd for England the Government taking all possible Care to Discharge the Kingdom of both Armies who had already brought it into a very low Condition December the 24th an Order was given out to the Comissary General of the Musters or his Deputies to An Order for Mustering all the Irish that came over to us take an exact Muster of all the Irish Forces now in Arms that had come over to our side since the beginning of the Truce at Limerick and they had Quarters allotted them in several places of the Kingdom but behaved themselves after their usual rate for tho' they had Changed their King yet not their Customs for they Taxed the People where they Quartered as they pleased themselves Imprison'd several and Released others as they saw good forced The Irish very unruly in their Quarters the Markets and did a great many other Illegal Tricks Insomuch that Complaint being made to the Lords Justices of those Disorders they writ a Letter to my Lord Kingston December 31. Desiring his Lordship to do them the Country and His Majesty what Service he cou'd in suppressing those Irregularities and to have the Court Martials that were Ordered in several Places put in Execution January the 6th there being no further use of a Marching Hospital in this Kingdom and the same The Marching-Hospital broke being expensive to the Government an Order was given out for the discharging several Physicians and others that attended on the same And now Their Majesties Pleasure being known about the Irish Orders and Instructions were directed to Colonel Foulk Colonel St. Johns and Brigadeer Villers to view and discharge all the Irish Forces except 1400 Choice Men the form of their Commissions for it ran thus By the Lords Justices of Ireland WHEREAS Their Majesties are pleased to Direct Orders and Instructions for breaking the Irish Forces that there be an immediate Regulation of such of the Regiments whether Horse Foot or Dragoons of the late Irish Army as came in and submitted to Their Obedience And We being well assured of the Care Diligence and Circumspection as well as of the Loyalty and Readiness of Colonel John Foulks to do Their Majesties good and faithful Service do hereby appoint him to make the said Regulation and Reform c. The Irish being by the said Instrument commanded January 1692. to obey him and our own Troops and Militia to observe his Directions in their Marching from place to place as he saw occasion The said Colonel Foulk and the other Officers aforesaid had Directions to assure the Irish both Officers and Souldiers of Their Majesties Gracious Disposition towards them tho' the present State of their Affairs wou'd not admit of any more than 1400 Men to be employed at this time and those to be divided into two Battalions Commanded by Colonel Wilson and Balderock O Donnel And that the Officers that were not willing to go home might attend those two Battalions where they wou'd have Subsistance till better provided for As for those that returned to their Habitations and desired to live peaceably at home if they were Souldiers and had their Arms nine Shillings a piece was ordered them but if without Arms they had six Shillings The Officers had a Fortnights Subsistence each to bear their Charges home These Orders and Instructions bore Date the 11th and 12th of January pursuant to which as soon as it cou'd conveniently be done Colonel Wilson's Colonel O Ryley's Colonel Nugent's Lord Iveigh's Lord Dillon's Colonel Cormack Oneal's Colonel Foelix Oneal's Colonel Geoghagan's Colonel O Donnel's Colonel Rourk's Colonel Oxborough's Colonel Lutteril's Horse Colonel Tho. Burk's Troop of Horse Sir Colonel John Burk's Troop Briggadier Clifford's Draggoons Colonel Mackgenni's Draggons were all broke by Colonel Foulk In Munster also Colonel Corbet's Horse were broke by Brigadier Villers And Colonel Mackdermot's Foot Colonel Bryan Oneal's Colonel Rob. Purcel's and Lieutenant Colonel Cahan's were broke by Colonel St. Johns only two Battalions being drawn out of the whole as is said and had Quarters assigned them in the Barrony of Muskerry These Irish had the Name of a great many January 1692. Regiments but scarce an hundred Men in each one with another for they were thin at best and several of them were gone into France having the Names of Regiments there also But after some time all the Irish not laying down their Arms an Order was directed to Sir Francis Hambleton Governour of Donegal to break
delivering up their Arms a very small return being made through the whole Kingdom they keeping as yet some thousands of all sorts of Arms still concealed which I hope will effectually be taken care of in time The weather was now so violent that the Adventure of London was cast away going to Dublin and several other Ships lost in and about that Bay And the Swallow one of Their Majesties Ships was forced a ground nigh Charles-Fort at Kingsale and there foundred tho' all the Men were saved except two February the 12th John Stone Esq being dead and Captain South imployed elsewhere in the Army a new Commission was granted putting in their Places Colonel Foulks and William Palmer Esquires Commissioners for stating the Accounts of the Army And nigh the same time the Commissary General was sent into England with all the Muster Rolls February 16. the weather breaking up part of my Lord Oxford's Horse driven back by stress of weather Lieutenant General Ginckel's and Major General Ruvigney's Horse with the Princess Anns Foot were all Shipp'd for England The same day Lieutenant General Scravemore went on Board as did Brigadier Leveson in a day or two after Colonel Coy's Horse also are Shipp'd off at Belfast and the Garison of Athlone that had been very uneasie to the Officers and Souldiers all Winter by reason they had no shelter except some small Hutts of their own making was now relieved February the 20th the Commissioners of the Ordnance Arms and Ammunition sent for England had an Order directed to them to send all the Stores of Amunition and other Stores of War that cou'd be spared out of the Magazines for England to be employed elsewhere in Their Majesties Service and accordingly March 1692. a vast quantity of Arms and other Utensils of War were Shipt off February 28 Captain Townsend of the Earl of Meath's Regiment took eight or ten French Men Prisoners who had come a Shoar from a Privateer nigh Castle-Haven and we had an Account from England that His Majesty had Created Lieutenant General Ginckel Baron of Aghrim and Earl of Athlone February 26 An Order was directed to Colonel Foulk to break my Lord George Hambleton's Regiment which was done accordingly in some days after 150 ' of the Men being sent for England and the rest entertained in the Earl of Drogheda's Brigadier Stuart's Sir Henry Ballasis and Colonel Foulk's Regiments March the first a Pass was given out for a Ship to The Hostages go from Cork to France go to France with the Hostages left at Cork and other sick Officers and Souldiers according to the Articles of Limerick And on the third another Order was granted to Colonel Foulk for the raising five Companies of 100 Men in each of the Irish all the subaltern Officers to be of those Reformed in Colonel Wilson's and O Donnel's Battalions and the whole to be commanded by my Lord Iveigh and employed in the Emperor's Service And March the fifth an Order was directed to Mr. Foliot Sherigly chief Deputy Commissary to Disband the Troop of Provoes which was done accordingly March the 17th Lieutenant-General Ruvigny Landed Lieutenant General Ruvigny lands in Ireland from England being made Commander in chief of the Army left in Ireland and Created by his Majesty Lord Viscount Galway and two days after his Lordship and the Lord Viscount Blessington were Sworn of Their Majesties Privy Council as the Bishop of Kildare had been some time before And March the 23 d. the following Proclamation was Published declaring the War of Ireland to be at an end 1692 WILLIAM REX WHEREAS by An Act made in Our Parliament A Proclamation declaring the Wars of Ireland ended at Westminster in the First Year of Our Reign Intituled An Act for the better Security and Relief of Their Majesties Protestant Subjects of Ireland it was among other things Enacted that all and every Person and Persons whatsoever of the Protestant Religion should be absolutely Discharged and Acquitted of and from the Payment of all Quit-Rents Crown-Rents Composition-Rents Hearth-Money Twentieth Parts Payments and other Chief Rents arising or Payable out of any Houses Lands Tenements Hereditaments Rectories Tyths or Church-Livings incurring or becoming due to us at any time after the Five and Twentieth Day of December in the Year of Our Lord One Thousand Six Hundred Eighty Eight until the said Kingdom of Ireland shou'd be by us declared to be reduced and the War and Rebellion there ended We have now pursuant to the said Act of Parliament thought fit by and with the Advice of Our Privy Council to Issue this Our Royal Proclamation hereby Declaring that the said Kingdom of Ireland is reduced to Our Obedience and the War and Rebellion there ended And We do hereby Will and Require that all and Singular such Rents and Payments and all other Duties payable to the Crown which shall henceforth grow incur and become due be duely answered and payed to us in such manner and under such Penalties and Forfeitures as if the said Act had not been made Given at Our Court at Kensington the Third Day of March 1691 2. in the Fourth Year of Our Reign God save the King and Queen After which time little of moment happened save March 1692. that the Lords Justices by Directions from Their Majesties appointed a time for those that pretended to the Benefit of the Articles of Limerick or Galway to give in their Names and make good their claims by the 20th of February which time was by Proclamation enlarged to the first of April and afterwards to the 15th Wednesday the sixth of April was appointed the first Day to begin upon those Claims all those concerned being to enter their Names sometime before with the Clerk of the Council which Names were to be posted up at least ten Days before their Cause was to be heard their Claims being to be made out by at least three Credible Witnesses one of which was to be a Protestant Accordingly on the sixth of April the Council met upon this Affair and continued every Monday Wednesday and Friday so to do which was a much easier way and more to the Interest and Advantage of the Irish than any Court of Claims erected only for that purpose cou'd have been CHAP. XI A brief Account of the former and present Circumstances of Ireland The Division of it into Provinces and Counties Bishopricks and Parishes The Soil of Ireland Sir John Davis his Reasons why Ireland was so long in being entirely subjâ—cted to the Crown of England What Tanistry is This a reason why the Irish did not improve their Country Of Fosterings and Cosherings A Brief Estimate of the Expence of the former Wars of Ireland An Essay towards the reckoning the Charge of this last The former evils still remain The Interest of the King and People of England in general to advance the Power and Trade of the English in Ireland The Interest also of the Roman Catholicks
Rex sub eo paratus ad servitium suum ut homo suus c. And King Henry the II. making William Fitz Audelm his Lieutenant of Ireland he hath it thus in his Commission Archiepiscopis Episcopis Regibus Baronibus omnibus fidelibus suis in Hibernia salutem King John also granted divers Characters unto the Irish Lords under the Title of Kings and so did Henry the III d. unto a Petty-King of Thoumond Rex Regi Thoumond Salutem c. Those Governed the People by their Brehon Laws they made their own Magistrates and Officers they Pardoned and Punished all Malefactors and made War and Peace one with another without Controulment After which several Attempts were made and Rebellions more or less broke out in every King's Reign And to omit those of Perkin Warbeck and others in the Reign of Henry 7. The Rebellion of Fitz Gerald and the rest of that Faction in King Henry 8th's time in the Year 1535. cost England Forty Thousand Pounds a Summ reputed so great in those days and so much disturbed that blustering Prince that he called the appeasing this Rebellion a New Conquest and put the Question to his Council how Ireland should be managed to bear the Charge of its own preservation and whether by Act of Parliament every Man's Estate should not be made liable to contribute its proportion or wehther by Virtue of this New Conquest the King might not seize on all the Estates of that Kingdom Temporal and Spiritual Cox 242. But tho' this wou'd not do yet he found out another A Statute against Absentees way to make a Statute against Absentees whereby a great part of the County of Carlow was taken from the Duke of Norfolk and other Lands from other great Men and from some Monasteries in England that held Land in Ireland for that by the absence of these and the neglecting their own private Estates whereby the Irish daily gained ground they brought the Publick into danger However this Rebellious Spirit continued in Ireland all Queen Elizabeth's time even to the ninth of King James the First as Sir John Davis observes but if he had lived in our days he wou'd have seen good reasons to say it was always the Genius of the People And one Mr. Lawrence has since that endeavoured to prove that Ireland was never intirely subjected to the Crown of England nor the Lands properly called the King's Lands until the Act of Settlement passed in the 12th Year of King Charles the Second for before this the Chief Inhabitants in all Cities and Towns were Papists as Sheriffs Justices of the Peace c by which means that Party was wonderfully encouraged and strengthened and besides the Irish before the late Rebellion were by far the greatest Proprietors tho' afterwards they enjoyed not much above a fifth part of the whole that is in propriety by which means and the industrious Management of some of the Chief Governours the English Interest was very far advanced in this Country before the death of King Charles the Second for tho' some Clouds arose before yet the Sun shone pretty clear till the Death of that Monarch made it more than Twilight with the English of that Country and then the late dark Night of Confusion approached so suddenly that it gave them no time to set things in Order till they cou'd not in a manner see where they were a going This put a full stop to the Carreer of all their Prosperity for a great many considerable Buildings and other Improvements in and about Dublin and other places in the Kingdom being pretty far advanced at that Juncture they were left off very abruptly the Workman throwing away his Tools and the Husbandman neglecting his Plow at the News as if they had then foreseen their approaching Misery and were amazed to find the Irish arm so fast on all hands by which they were assured that other sorts of Weapons than they had used for the Country's improving were soon like to grow more in fashion and that to the undoing of what themselves had so honestly endeavoured to make up So that the Irish were not then nor indeed are as yet so subdued as that no further Storm may ever be feared to arise from that corner And certainly the not thorowly endeavouring to make Ireland bear the Charge of its own preservation has in all Ages been very much to the disadvantage of Ireland shou'd be put into a Condition to bear its own Burden England But to carry this no higher than the Year 1595 the time of Tyrone's Rebellion which Cambden in his Annals tells us cost 1198717 l. to suppress Or if we compute the Charge of its first Conquest and the suppressing the several Rebellions from that time till this of Tyrone's to cost but double as much as this did as they needs must since before that Ireland never enjoyed seven Years peace at one time Then I say long e're this all those Rebellions had been forgot and the Trade and Product of Ireland more than trebly recompenced England for her former Blood and Treasure But as the Degenerate English grew more and more in love with the Irish and their Customs and so took their part against England The Charges encreased to more prodigious Sums and they generally make use of it as a great Argument for what they did of late that it was the Blood and Treasure of their Ancestors that first gained that Kingdom to the English Interest and therefore tho' they differed in Opinion yet it was very unreasonable that they should be quite excluded from sharing in the Government with those that were of a much later Date But this Objection is of an older standing than either the former War or this last for we are told that so great Heats have arose formerly between the English of Birth and the English of Blood in Ireland that they held different Parliaments and endeavoured by all means Possible to ruine one another But 't is observ'd by very Learned Men in this Kingdom that tho' the English have often fallen out amongst themselves and there were generally found in many places of the Kingdom such of English extraction as would joyn with the Irish against England yet the People of the Pale were always firm and Loyal to the Crown and the greatest strength that England had against the Irish Nation for which they were often plentifully Rewarded 'till in the Year 1641 they all broke loose which they say was occasioned thus Tho since the first Conquest of Ireland there have been continued feuds in that Kingdom between the People of both Nations upon the account of Interest yet when the Reformation was once set on foot the Breach was widned upon that account it being what the Natives of that Country have always endeavoured to destroy and with it the English Interest there but finding this a very difficult Task by reason that the old English of the Pale tho' many of them were of