to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o church_n and_o church_n assembly_n the_o overseer_n of_o the_o poor_a to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o poor_a sick_a aged_n orphan_n and_o other_o object_n of_o charity_n and_o last_o the_o clerk_n to_o wait_v on_o he_o at_o divine_a service_n and_o for_o the_o civil_a government_n of_o village_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n or_o soil_n who_o from_o the_o crown_n immediate_o hold_v or_o mediate_o hold_v dominium_fw-la soli_fw-la be_v say_v to_o have_v in_o he_o the_o royalty_n as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o little_a king_n and_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr incident_a to_o the_o manor_n and_o sometime_o a_o court_n leet_n by_o grant_n from_o the_o king_n to_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n owe_v suit_n and_o service_n and_o where_o small_a matter_n as_o escheat_n upon_o felony_n or_o other_o accident_n common_a nuisance_n etc._n etc._n admit_v of_o tenant_n pass_v of_o estate_n relief_n herriot_n hunt_v hawk_v fish_v etc._n etc._n or_o other_o matter_n of_o which_o you_o may_v see_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o these_o two_o several_a court_n may_v be_v hear_v and_o determine_v and_o under_o the_o lord_n be_v the_o constable_n or_o headborough_n choose_v yearly_o by_o the_o lord_n or_o steward_n in_o the_o leet_n to_o keep_v the_o peace_n in_o case_n of_o quarrel_n to_o search_v any_o house_n for_o robber_n murderer_n and_o other_o who_o have_v break_v the_o peace_n to_o raise_v hue_n and_o cry_n after_o robber_n to_o seize_v offender_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o stock_n or_o other_o prison_n till_o they_o can_v bring_v they_o before_o some_o justice_n of_o peace_n to_o who_o the_o constable_n be_v subservient_fw-fr upon_o all_o occasion_n either_o to_o bring_v criminal_n before_o they_o or_o to_o carry_v they_o by_o their_o command_n to_o the_o common_a prison_n thus_o have_v in_o a_o brief_a and_o methodical_a manner_n describe_v the_o constitution_n 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kingdom_n est_fw-la nempe_fw-la jus_fw-la ipsius_fw-la insulae_fw-la ut_fw-la quisquis_fw-la illius_fw-la sit_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la vocetur_fw-la cvi_fw-la etiam_fw-la fas_fw-la est_fw-la corona_n aurca_fw-la coronari_fw-la walsingh_n 17_o r._n 2._o this_o island_n be_v take_v from_o the_o britain_n by_o the_o scot_n and_o from_o they_o regain_v by_o edwin_n king_n of_o northumberland_n afterward_o the_o norwegian_n seize_v it_o from_o who_o alexander_n the_o three_o wrest_v it_o and_o about_o the_o year_n 1340._o william_n montacute_n earl_n of_o salisbury_n descend_v from_o the_o norwegian_a king_n of_o man_n win_v it_o from_o the_o scot_n and_o afterward_o sell_v it_o to_o w._n lord_n scroop_n who_o forfeit_v the_o same_o for_o treason_n to_o king_n h._n 4_o he_o grant_v it_o to_o h._n percy_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n who_o be_v 5_o h._n 4._o attaint_v of_o treason_n in_o 7_o h._n 4._o it_o be_v by_o parliament_n enact_v the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o all_o his_o land_n and_o tenement_n and_o afterward_o 7_o h._n 4._o the_o king_n grant_v the_o isle_n cum_fw-la patronatu_fw-la episcopatus_fw-la unto_o sir_n john_n stanley_n first_o for_o life_n and_o afterward_o to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n sir_n john_n have_v issue_n sir_n john_n stanley_n knight_n who_o have_v issue_n sir_n henry_n stanley_n lord_n chamberlain_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o who_o create_v he_o lord_n stanley_n he_o have_v issue_n thomas_n who_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o create_v earl_n of_o derby_n to_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o his_o body_n etc._n etc._n vide_fw-la co._n 4_o inst_z cap._n 69._o the_o law_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o isle_n differ_v from_o other_o place_n for_o they_o call_v their_o judge_n deemster_n which_o they_o choose_v out_o of_o themselves_o and_o they_o determine_v all_o controversy_n without_o process_n plead_v write_v or_o any_o expense_n at_o all_o if_o any_o case_n be_v ambiguous_a or_o of_o great_a weight_n it_o be_v refer_v to_o twelve_o which_o they_o call_v clave_n insulae_n they_o have_v coroner_n quos_fw-la annuos_fw-la vocant_fw-la who_o supply_v the_o office_n of_o sheriff_n but_o although_o the_o king_n writ_n run_v not_o into_o this_o island_n yet_o his_o commission_n extend_v thither_o for_o redress_v of_o injustice_n and_o wrong_n the_o bishop_n be_v institute_v by_o pope_n gregory_n the_o four_o be_v under_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n be_v annex_v to_o that_o archbishopric_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o but_o have_v neither_o place_n nor_o voice_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n in_o hac_fw-la insula_fw-la judex_n ecclesiasticus_fw-la citat_fw-la definit_a &_o infra_fw-la octo_fw-la dies_fw-la parent_n aut_fw-la carcere_fw-la intruduntur_fw-la the_o people_n be_v a_o religious_a industrious_a and_o true_a people_n they_o have_v peculiar_a law_n or_o custom_n for_o if_o a_o man_n steal_v a_o horse_n or_o a_o ox_n it_o be_v no_o felony_n because_o he_o can_v hide_v they_o but_o if_o he_o steal_v a_o capon_n or_o pigg_n he_o shall_v be_v hang_v etc._n etc._n in_o this_o little_a kingdom_n be_v two_o castle_n seventeen_o farish_n four_o market_n town_n and_o many_o village_n it_o be_v situate_a against_o the_o south_n part_n of_o cumberland_n from_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a 21_o mile_n be_v in_o length_n 30_o miles_n in_o breadth_n 15_o but_o in_o some_o part_n only_o 8_o mile_n the_o soil_n be_v abundant_a in_o flax_n hemp_n oat_n barley_n wheat_n and_o bishop_n merrick_n write_v to_o cambden_n when_o he_o be_v compose_v his_o britannia_n say_v our_o island_n for_o cattle_n fish_n and_o corn_n have_v not_o only_o sufficient_a for_o itself_o but_o send_v store_n into_o other_o country_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v balacurri_fw-la and_o russin_n or_o castle-town_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bishop_n on_o the_o hill_n sceaful_a may_v be_v see_v england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n here_o be_v also_o breed_v the_o soland_n goose_n the_o people_n speak_v a_o mixture_n of_o the_o norwegian_a and_o irish_a tongue_n anglesey_n be_v account_v a_o shire_n of_o wales_n border_v on_o carnarvonshire_n be_v in_o length_n 20_o in_o breadth_n 17_o miles_n contain_v in_o former_a time_n 360_o town_n and_o village_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v 1._o beaumaris_n towards_o wales_n 2._o newburg_n 3._o aberfraw_fw-ge on_o the_o southside_n this_o island_n for_o its_o abundant_a fertility_n be_v call_v mam_n cymri_n i._n e._n mother_n of_o wales_n it_o be_v once_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o druid_n first_o conquer_a by_o suet_n onius_a paulinus_n and_o unite_v to_o the_o english_a crown_n by_o the_o valour_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o jersey_n olim_fw-la caesarea_n be_v in_o compass_n 20_o miles_n and_o sufficient_o strong_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o dangerous_a sea_n it_o contain_v 12_o town_n or_o village_n the_o chief_a be_v st._n hillary_n and_o st._n malo_n and_o four_o castle_n the_o ground_n be_v plentiful_a in_o grain_n and_o sheep_n most_o 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the_o whole_a
the_o second_o in_o propriety_n unto_o the_o right_n honourable_a edward_n earl_n of_o clarendon_n george_n duke_n of_o albemarle_n william_n earl_n of_o craven_n john_n lord_n berkley_n anthony_n lord_n ashley_n after_o earl_n of_o shaftsbury_n sir_n george_n carteret_n after_o lord_n carteret_n sir_n john_n coleton_n knight_n and_o baronet_n and_o sir_n william_n berkley_n knight_n by_o which_o letter_n patent_n the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v to_o be_v in_o force_n in_o carolina_n but_o the_o lord_n proprietor_n have_v power_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o make_v by_o law_n for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o the_o say_a province_n so_o that_o no_o money_n can_v be_v raise_v or_o law_n make_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o their_o representative_n they_o have_v also_o power_n to_o appoint_v and_o empower_v governor_n and_o other_o magistrate_n to_o grant_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n make_v constitution_n etc._n etc._n with_o many_o other_o great_a privilege_n as_o by_o the_o say_a letter_n patent_n will_v more_o large_o appear_v and_o the_o say_a lord_n proprietor_n have_v there_o settle_v a_o constitution_n of_o government_n whereby_o be_v grant_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n and_o wherein_o all_o possible_a care_n be_v take_v for_o the_o equal_a administration_n of_o justice_n and_o for_o the_o last_a security_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n both_o in_o their_o person_n and_o estate_n by_o the_o care_n and_o endeavour_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n proprietor_n and_o at_o their_o very_a great_a charge_n two_o colony_n have_v be_v settle_v in_o this_o province_n the_o one_o at_o albemarle_n in_o the_o most_o northerly_a part_n the_o other_o at_o ashley_n river_n which_o be_v in_o the_o latitude_n 32_o degree_n odd_a minute_n care_n be_v take_v by_o the_o lord_n proprietor_n that_o no_o injustice_n be_v do_v the_o native_n who_o be_v here_o in_o perfect_a friendship_n with_o the_o english_a in_o order_n to_o which_o be_v establish_v a_o particular_a court_n of_o judicature_n to_o determine_v all_o difference_n the_o lord_n proprietor_n do_v at_o present_a grant_n to_o all_o person_n that_o come_v to_o inhabit_v there_o several_a reasonable_a advantage_n to_o all_o condition_n of_o man_n and_o sell_v their_o land_n to_o any_o after_o the_o rate_n of_o 50_o pound_n for_o 1000_o acre_n the_o manner_n of_o purchase_v be_v the_o party_n seek_v out_o a_o place_n to_o his_o mind_n not_o possess_v by_o any_o other_o then_o apply_v to_o the_o governor_n and_o proprietor_n deputy_n who_o thereupon_o issue_n out_o their_o warrant_n to_o the_o surveyor_n general_n to_o measure_v he_o out_o a_o plantation_n who_o make_v certificate_n that_o he_o have_v measure_v out_o so_o much_o land_n appoint_v a_o deed_n be_v prepare_v of_o course_n which_o be_v sign_v by_o the_o governor_n and_o the_o lord_n proprietor_n deputy_n and_o the_o proprietor_n seal_v affix_v to_o it_o and_o register_v which_o be_v a_o good_a conveyance_n in_o law_n of_o the_o land_n therein_o mention_v to_o the_o party_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o thus_o have_v travel_v the_o main_a land_n of_o america_n we_o must_v cross_v the_o sea_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o island_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o the_o west_n indies_n the_o first_o be_v bermudas_n or_o summer_n island_n which_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o break_a isle_n some_o write_v no_o less_o than_o 400_o situate_a direct_o east_n from_o virginia_n from_o which_o they_o be_v distant_a 500_o english_a miles_n and_o 3300_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n of_o london_n so_o name_v from_o john_n bermudaz_n a_o spaniard_n after_o summer_n island_n from_o the_o shipwreck_n of_o sir_n george_n summer_n there_o the_o island_n of_o more_o fame_n and_o greatness_n than_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o to_o which_o the_o name_n of_o bermudaz_n be_v most_o proper_o ascribe_v be_v situate_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 32_o degree_n and_o 30_o min._n north._n the_o air_n be_v sound_a and_o healthy_a very_o agreeable_a to_o the_o english_a body_n the_o soil_n as_o fertile_a as_o any_o well_o water_v plentiful_a in_o maize_n of_o which_o they_o have_v two_o harvest_n yearly_a that_o which_o be_v sow_v in_o march_n be_v cut_v in_o july_n and_o what_o be_v sow_v in_o august_n be_v mow_v in_o december_n no_o venomous_a creature_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o this_o isle_n nor_o will_v live_v if_o bring_v thither_o and_o beside_o these_o advantage_n it_o it_o so_o fence_v about_o with_o rock_n and_o islet_n that_o without_o knowledge_n of_o the_o passage_n a_o boat_n of_o ten_o tun_n can_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o haven_n yet_o with_o such_o knowledge_n there_o be_v entrance_n for_o the_o great_a ship_n the_o english_a have_v since_o add_v to_o these_o natural_a strength_n such_o artificial_a help_n by_o block_n house_n fort_n and_o bulwark_n in_o convenient_a place_n as_o may_v give_v it_o the_o title_n of_o impregnable_a it_o be_v first_o discover_v rather_o accidental_o than_o upon_o design_n by_o john_n bermudas_n a_o spaniard_n about_o 1522_o and_o thereupon_o a_o proposition_n make_v in_o the_o council_n of_o spain_n for_o settle_v a_o plantation_n therein_o as_o a_o place_n very_o convenient_a for_o the_o spanish_a fleet_n in_o their_o return_n from_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n by_o the_o strait_n of_o bahama_n yet_o be_v it_o neglect_v and_o without_o any_o inhabitant_n till_o the_o like_a accidental_a come_n of_o sir_n george_n summer_n send_v to_o virginia_n with_o some_o company_n of_o the_o english_a by_o the_o lord_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ware_n in_o 1609_o who_o be_v shipwreck_v on_o this_o coast_n have_v the_o opportunity_n to_o survey_v the_o island_n which_o he_o so_o well_o like_v that_o he_o endeavour_v to_o settle_v a_o plantation_n in_o it_o at_o his_o return_n in_o 1612._o the_o first_o colony_n be_v send_v over_o under_o richard_n more_o who_o in_o three_o year_n erect_v 8_o or_o 9_o fort_n in_o convenient_a place_n which_o he_o plant_v with_o ordnance_n in_o 1616_o a_o new_a supply_n be_v send_v over_o under_o captain_n tucker_n who_o apply_v themselves_o to_o sow_v of_o corn_n set_v of_o tree_n bring_v thither_o from_o other_o part_n of_o america_n and_o plant_v that_o gainful_a weed_n tobacco_n in_o 1619._o the_o business_n be_v take_v more_o to_o heart_n and_o make_v a_o public_a matter_n many_o great_a lord_n and_o person_n of_o honour_n be_v interest_v inâ—_n it_o captain_n butler_n be_v send_v thither_o with_o 500_o men._n the_o isle_n be_v divide_v into_o tribe_n or_o county_n a_o burrow_n belong_v to_o each_o tribe_n and_o the_o whole_a reduce_v to_o a_o settle_a government_n both_o in_o church_n and_o state_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n after_o this_o all_o succeed_v so_o well_o that_o in_o 1623._o there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v 3000_o english_a and_o ten_o fort_n whereon_o be_v plant_v fifty_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n their_o number_n since_o increase_v daily_o both_o by_o child_n bear_v within_o the_o island_n and_o supply_v from_o england_n all_o the_o isle_n together_o represent_v a_o half-moon_n and_o inclose_v very_o good_a port_n as_o the_o great_a sound_n harrington_n inlet_n southampton_n and_o paget_n bay_n with_o dover_n and_o warwick_n fort_n have_v their_o name_n from_o the_o noble_a man_n who_o be_v undertaker_n therein_o the_o great_a isle_n be_v call_v st._n george_n five_o or_o six_o league_n long_o and_o almost_o throughout_o not_o above_o a_o quarter_n or_o half_a a_o league_n broad_a the_o air_n be_v almost_o constant_o clear_a except_o when_o it_o thunder_v and_o lighten_v be_v extreme_a temperate_a and_o healthful_a few_o die_v of_o any_o disease_n but_o age_n so_o that_o many_o remove_n from_o england_n hither_o only_o to_o enjoy_v a_o long_a and_o healthful_a life_n and_o after_o have_v continue_v there_o be_v fearful_a of_o remove_v out_o of_o so_o pure_a a_o air._n the_o very_a spider_n here_o be_v not_o venomous_a but_o of_o divers_a curious_a colour_n and_o make_v their_o web_n so_o strong_a that_o oftentimes_o small_a bird_n be_v entangle_v and_o catch_v therein_o their_o cedar_n tree_n be_v different_a from_o all_o other_o and_o the_o wood_n very_o sweet_a in_o 1685._o the_o governor_n hereof_o be_v sir_n henry_n heydon_n the_o caribee_n island_n next_o present_v themselves_o so_o call_v in_o general_n because_o inhabit_a by_o cannibal_n or_o man-eating_a people_n at_o the_o first_o discovery_n as_o the_o word_n caribee_n import_v they_o lie_v extend_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o paria_fw-la to_o the_o isle_n porto_n rico_n many_o in_o number_n 27_o of_o they_o know_v by_o proper_a name_n in_o nine_o whereof_o the_o english_a be_v concern_v viz._n barbuda_n anguilla_n montserrat_n dominica_n st._n vincent_n antegoa_n mevis_n or_o nevis_n st._n christopher_n and_o barbadoes_n and_o first_o in_o barbuda_n situate_v in_o 17_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n
that_o there_o need_v not_o be_v any_o write_a law_n have_v thereof_o and_o we_o find_v so_o many_o secundary_a reason_n in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o many_o be_v willing_a to_o affirm_v the_o whole_a law_n of_o england_n to_o be_v prove_v by_o reason_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v affirm_v as_o by_o another_o example_n by_o a_o certain_a statute_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o he_o who_o have_v abjure_v the_o realm_n whilst_o he_o be_v in_o the_o public_a highway_n shall_v be_v in_o peace_n with_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o not_o in_o any_o sort_n molest_v and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o be_v to_o be_v conduct_v from_o town_n to_o town_n by_o the_o constable_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o seaport_n etc._n etc._n now_o if_o he_o escape_v the_o constable_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v to_o the_o king_n because_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o statute_n he_o can_v not_o keep_v he_o in_o safe_a custody_n or_o use_v any_o force_n or_o imprisonment_n whereby_o he_o may_v be_v keep_v in_o safe_a custody_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v ground_v upon_o that_o statute_n and_o some_o say_v robbery_n be_v to_o be_v prohibit_v from_o reason_n primary_n even_o before_o the_o law_n of_o property_n for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a even_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o common_a to_o take_v any_o thing_n from_o another_o by_o force_n or_o to_o throw_v he_o out_o of_o his_o habitation_n but_o that_o such_o robbery_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n be_v from_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n also_o from_o the_o general_n law_n of_o property_n aforesaid_a by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v except_v bird_n wild_a beast_n and_o beast_n of_o warren_n in_o which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v no_o property_n to_o any_o one_o unless_o they_o be_v tame_a yet_o nevertheless_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n in_o the_o egg_n of_o heron_n and_o such_o like_a building_n in_o the_o wood_n of_o any_o be_v a_o property_n and_o for_o that_o every_o deduction_n of_o reason_n in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n proceed_v from_o the_o first_o principle_n or_o from_o somewhat_o from_o those_o principle_n derive_v no_o man_n althô_o the_o most_o wise_a can_v judge_v just_o or_o argue_v right_o in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n if_o he_o know_v not_o these_o principle_n the_o second_o fundamental_a of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v lex_fw-la divina_fw-la whereby_o to_o punish_v the_o transgressor_n against_o the_o divine_a law_n the_o law_n of_o england_n in_o many_o court_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n do_v inquire_v of_o heretic_n also_o if_o any_o statute_n be_v make_v or_o set_v forth_o against_o they_o as_o that_o none_o shall_v give_v alm_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v of_o no_o force_n also_o person_n excommunicate_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n may_v not_o prosecute_v nor_o have_v communication_n with_o other_o whilst_o the_o excommunication_n be_v certify_v and_o from_o the_o same_o 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chancery_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o which_o inter_fw-la alia_fw-la writ_n original_a be_v obtain_v direct_v to_o other_o court_n of_o the_o king_n another_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o which_o be_v handle_v all_o treason_n murder_n homicide_n felony_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v against_o the_o king_n peace_n another_o court_n be_v call_v the_o common_a bench_n in_o which_o common_a plea_n be_v handle_v that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o land_n and_o tenement_n debt_n and_o chattel_n and_o such_o like_a another_o court_n be_v call_v the_o king_n exchequer_n in_o which_o be_v handle_v divers_a matter_n touch_v the_o king_n alone_o as_o of_o sheriff_n escheat_n or_o receiver_n bailiff_n and_o other_o the_o king_n officer_n and_o the_o like_a and_o these_o be_v call_v court_n of_o record_n because_o those_o who_o preside_v as_o judge_n ought_v to_o be_v assign_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n and_o these_o court_n have_v many_o and_o divers_a other_o authority_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o hereafter_o in_o their_o proper_a place_n and_o likewise_o of_o divers_a other_o court_n of_o inferior_a authority_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o althô_o in_o divers_a statute_n and_o book_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o authority_n of_o these_o court_n yet_o we_o have_v no_o write_a law_n of_o their_o institution_n for_o their_o institution_n depend_v upon_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o have_v so_o great_a authority_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v alter_v or_o their_o name_n change_v or_o alter_v but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n also_o there_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n that_o all_o shall_v do_v and_o receive_v justice_n in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o another_o that_o none_o shall_v be_v put_v to_o answer_n or_o be_v judge_v but_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o this_o be_v confirm_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o there_o be_v other_o general_a 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law_n of_o england_n but_o according_a to_o the_o skilful_a in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v of_o themselves_o of_o sufficient_a authority_n and_o the_o customary_a law_n be_v the_o most_o firm_a law_n provide_v such_o a_o custom_n be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n the_o four_o fundamental_a of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n consist_v of_o divers_a principle_n which_o the_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n call_v maxim_n always_o esteem_v and_o hold_v for_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o none_o learned_n in_o the_o law_n may_v contradict_v because_o every_o one_o of_o they_o give_v faith_n or_o credit_n to_o itself_o and_o whether_o a_o maxim_n or_o not_o be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o judge_n as_o before_o be_v say_v of_o general_a custom_n of_o
vel_fw-la contâ—nuum_fw-la regis_fw-la concilium_fw-la this_o be_v the_o higâ—_n watch-tower_n wherein_o the_o king_n anâ—_n his_o noble_n counsellor_n survey_v all_o hâ—â—_n dominion_n and_o sometime_o all_o the_o dâ—minions_n of_o the_o world_n consult_v thâ—_n honour_n defence_n profit_n and_o peace_n 〈◊〉_d his_o people_n and_o their_o protection_n froâ—_n violence_n or_o injury_n either_o at_o home_n 〈◊〉_d from_o abroad_o and_o these_o privy_a counsellor_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v part_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n as_o before_o be_v mention_v be_v such_o as_o the_o king_n please_v to_o choose_v and_o be_v make_v without_o patent_n or_o grant_v be_v only_o swear_v that_o according_a to_o their_o power_n and_o direction_n they_o shall_v true_o just_o and_o even_o counsel_n and_o advise_v the_o king_n in_o all_o matter_n to_o be_v treat_v in_o his_o majesty_n council_n and_o shall_v keep_v secret_a the_o king_n council_n etc._n etc._n and_o they_o be_v so_o to_o continue_v during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o king_n or_o during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o these_o lord_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n be_v as_o it_o be_v incorporate_v with_o the_o king_n in_o bear_v the_o burden_n of_o his_o care_n wherefore_o the_o strike_v in_o the_o house_n or_o presence_n of_o a_o privy_a counsellor_n shall_v be_v grievous_o fine_v conspire_v his_o death_n by_o any_o within_o the_o cheque-roll_n be_v felony_n and_o kill_v any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v high_a treason_n and_o although_o before_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o quod_fw-la provisum_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o consilium_fw-la suum_fw-la privatum_fw-la sigilloque_fw-la regis_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la proculdubio_fw-la legis_fw-la habuit_fw-la vigorem_fw-la say_v spelman_n yet_o at_o present_a they_o take_v cognizance_n of_o few_o matter_n that_o may_v well_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o know_a law_n and_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n the_o precedent_n of_o this_o council_n be_v sometime_o call_v principalis_fw-la conciliarius_fw-la and_o sometime_o capitalis_fw-la conciliarius_fw-la and_o this_o office_n be_v never_o grant_v but_o by_o letter_n patent_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n durante_fw-la bene_fw-la placito_fw-la and_o be_v very_o ancient_a for_o john_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n be_v precedent_n of_o the_o council_n anno_fw-la 17_o regiâ—_n johannis_n dormivit_fw-la tamen_fw-la hoc_fw-la officium_fw-la regnante_fw-la magna_fw-la elizabetha_n the_o lord_n president_n be_v say_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o 21_o h._n 8._o cap._n 20._o to_o be_v attend_v upon_o the_o king_n most_o royal_a person_n and_o the_o reason_n oâ—_n his_o attendance_n be_v for_o that_o of_o latter_a time_n he_o have_v use_v to_o report_v to_o the_o king_n the_o passage_n and_o the_o state_n of_o the_o business_n at_o the_o council_n table_n next_o to_o the_o precedent_n sit_v in_o council_n etc._n etc._n the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n who_o beside_o his_o oath_n of_o a_o privy_a counsellor_n take_v a_o particular_a oath_n of_o the_o privy_a seal_n which_o consist_v of_o four_o part_n first_o that_o he_o just_o exercise_v the_o office_n of_o keeper_n of_o the_o king_n be_v privy_a seal_n to_o he_o commit_v second_o not_o leave_v so_o to_o do_v for_o affection_n love_n doubt_v or_o dread_a of_o any_o person_n three_o that_o he_o shall_v take_v special_a regard_n that_o the_o say_v privy_a seal_n in_o all_o place_n where_o he_o shall_v go_v to_o may_v be_v in_o such_o substantial_a wise_a use_v and_o safe_a keep_v that_o no_o person_n without_o the_o king_n special_a command_n or_o assent_v shall_v move_v seal_v or_o imprint_v any_o thing_n with_o the_o same_o four_o general_o he_o shall_v observe_v fulfil_v and_o do_v all_o and_o every_o thing_n which_o to_o the_o office_n of_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o king_n privy_a seal_n due_o belong_v and_o appertain_v this_o be_v a_o office_n of_o great_a trust_n and_o skill_n that_o he_o put_v his_o seal_n to_o no_o grant_n without_o warrant_n nor_o with_o warrant_n if_o it_o be_v against_o law_n undue_a or_o inconvenient_a but_o that_o first_o he_o acquaint_v the_o king_n therewith_o upon_o the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n be_v attendant_a four_o clerk_n of_o the_o privy_a seal_n how_o the_o king_n grant_n write_n and_o lease_n pass_v the_o three_o seal_n viz._n the_o privy_a signet_n the_o privy_a seal_n and_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o privy_a signet_n and_o privy_a seal_n and_o what_o fee_n shall_v be_v pay_v and_o where_o none_o at_o all_o etc._n etc._n and_o many_o article_n concern_v the_o pass_n of_o the_o king_n grant_v etc._n etc._n you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o stat._n of_o 27_o hen._n 8._o this_o officer_n be_v name_v in_o some_o statute_n clerk_n of_o the_o privy_a seal_n in_o other_o garden_n deal_v privy_a seal_n and_o in_o the_o stat._n 34_o hen._n 8._o lord_n privy_a seal_n by_o stat._n 11._o r._n 2._o cap._n 10._o 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ordinum_fw-la tempore_fw-la hen._n 7._o the_o king_n by_o advice_n of_o his_o privy_a council_n do_v publish_v proclamation_n bind_v to_o the_o subject_a provide_v they_o be_v not_o against_o statute_n or_o common_a law_n the_o privy_a councillor_n sit_v in_o order_n bareheaded_a when_o the_o king_n presides_n and_o the_o low_a declare_v his_o opinion_n first_o and_o the_o king_n last_o declare_v his_o judgement_n and_o thereby_o determin_n the_o matter_n for_o their_o precedency_n and_o place_n see_v the_o statute_n of_o 31_o h._n 8._o direct_v the_o same_o the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o hold_v the_o council_n be_v whole_o at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n which_o be_v seldom_o or_o never_o hold_v without_o the_o presence_n of_o one_o of_o the_o secretary_n of_o state_n of_o which_o since_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n 8._o there_o have_v be_v two_o both_o of_o equal_a authority_n and_o both_o style_v principal_a secretary_n of_o state_n these_o every_o day_n attend_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o receive_v and_o make_v dispatch_n of_o the_o petition_n and_o desire_n of_o the_o subject_n at_o home_n and_o for_o foreign_a matter_n the_o sectetary_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o king_n seal_v call_v the_o signet_n which_o give_v denomination_n to_o a_o office_n constant_o attend_v the_o court_n call_v the_o signet_n office_n wherein_o four_o clerk_n prepare_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v to_o pass_v the_o signet_n in_o order_n to_o the_o privy_a seal_n or_o great_a seal_n the_o four_o clerk_n in_o ordinary_a of_o the_o privy_a council_n be_v to_o read_v what_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o council_n and_o draw_v up_o such_o order_n as_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n shall_v direct_v and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v register_v and_o belong_v to_o the_o secretary_n be_v the_o paper-office_n where_o all_o paper-writing_n and_o public_a matter_n of_o state_n and_o transaction_n of_o minister_n abroad_o and_o what_o pass_v the_o secretary_n be_v transmit_v and_o keep_v and_o now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n the_o king_n be_v chief_a person_n as_o be_v persona_fw-la sacra_fw-la &_o mixta_fw-la cum_fw-la sacerdote_fw-la be_v the_o supreme_a bishop_n of_o england_n for_o at_o his_o coronation_n by_o a_o solemn_a consecration_n and_o unction_n he_o become_v a_o spiritual_a person_n sacred_a and_o ecclesiastical_a have_v both_o corona_n regni_n &_o stola_fw-la sacerdotis_fw-la put_v upon_o he_o he_o be_v patron_n paramount_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n to_o who_o the_o last_o appeal_n in_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n be_v make_v and_o who_o alone_o have_v the_o nomination_n of_o all_o person_n for_o bishopric_n and_o chief_a dignity_n and_o deanery_n and_o some_o prebend_n in_o the_o church_n etc._n etc._n and_o next_o to_o the_o king_n be_v the_o primate_fw-la metropolitan_n or_o archbishop_n one_o of_o canterbury_n the_o other_o of_o york_n each_o of_o which_o have_v their_o peculiar_a diocese_n beside_o a_o province_n of_o several_a diocese_n and_o
be_v before_o the_o conquest_n for_o in_o a_o ancient_a and_o authentical_a manuscript_n entitle_v authoritas_fw-la seneschalli_n angliae_fw-la where_o put_v a_o example_n of_o his_o authority_n say_v sicut_fw-la accidit_fw-la godwino_fw-la comiti_fw-la kanciae_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la edw_n '_o antecessoris_fw-la willielmi_n ducis_fw-la normandiae_fw-la pro_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la male_a gestis_fw-la &_o consilijs_fw-la suis_fw-la per_fw-la seneschallum_fw-la angliae_fw-la adjudicatus_fw-la &_o forisfecit_fw-la commitivam_fw-la svam_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conqueror_n william_n fitz_n eustace_n be_v steward_n of_o england_n and_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n rufus_n and_o hen._n 1._o hugh_n grantsemenel_n baron_n of_o hinkley_n hold_v that_o barony_n by_o the_o say_v office_n of_o ancient_a time_n this_o office_n be_v of_o inheritance_n and_o appertain_v to_o the_o earldom_n of_o leicester_n as_o it_o also_o appear_v by_o the_o say_a record_n seneschalcis_n angliae_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la comitivam_fw-la de_fw-la leicester_n &_o pertinuit_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la that_o be_v that_o the_o earldom_n of_o leicester_n be_v hold_v by_o do_v of_o the_o office_n of_o steward_n of_o england_n other_o record_n testify_v thaâ—_n it_o shall_v belong_v to_o the_o barony_n of_o hinkley_n the_o truth_n be_v that_o hinkley_n be_v parcel_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o earâ—_n of_o leicester_n for_o robert_n bellomont_n earâ—_n of_o leicester_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 2_o marry_v with_o petronilla_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o say_v hugh_n grantsemenel_n baron_n of_o hinkley_n and_o lord_n steward_n oâ—_n england_n and_o in_o her_o right_n be_v steward_n of_o england_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v until_o by_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o simon_n montford_n it_o come_v to_o king_n hen._n 3._o who_o iâ—_n the_o 50th_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n create_v edmond_n his_o second_o son_n earl_n of_o leicester_n baron_n of_o hinkley_n and_o high_a steward_n of_o england_n which_o continue_v be_v his_o line_n until_o henry_n of_o bullinbrook_n soâ—_n and_o heir_n of_o john_n of_o gaunt_n duke_z oâ—_n lancaster_n and_o earl_n of_o leicester_n who_o be_v the_o last_o that_o have_v any_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o steward_n of_o england_n since_o which_o time_n it_o waâ—_n never_o grant_v to_o any_o subject_a buâ—_n but_o only_a hac_fw-la vice_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o steward_n of_o england_n be_v so_o transcendent_a that_o it_o be_v not_o hold_v fit_a to_o be_v in_o any_o subject_n hand_n for_o the_o say_a record_n say_v es_fw-ge sciendum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la ejus_fw-la officium_fw-la est_fw-la supervidere_fw-la &_o regular_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o immediatè_fw-la post_fw-la regem_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la ministros_fw-la legum_fw-la infra_fw-la idem_fw-la regnum_fw-la temporibus_fw-la pacis_fw-la &_o guerrarum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o proceed_v particular_o with_o divers_a exceed_o high_a power_n and_o authority_n which_o may_v well_o be_v omit_v because_o they_o serve_v for_o no_o present_a use_n and_o albeit_o their_o power_n and_o authority_n have_v be_v since_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o but_o hac_fw-la vice_fw-la yet_o be_v that_o hac_fw-la vice_n limit_a and_o appoint_v as_o when_o a_o lord_n of_o parliament_n be_v indict_v of_o treason_n or_o felony_n than_o the_o grant_v of_o this_o office_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n be_v to_o a_o lord_n of_o parliament_n recite_v the_o indictment_n nos_fw-la considerantes_fw-la quod_fw-la justitia_fw-la est_fw-la virtus_fw-la excellens_fw-la &_o altissimo_fw-la complacens_fw-la aeque_fw-la prae_fw-la omnibus_fw-la uti_fw-la volentes_fw-la ac_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la officium_fw-la seneschalli_n angliae_fw-la cujus_fw-la praesentia_fw-la pro_fw-la administratione_fw-la justitiae_fw-la &_o executione_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la parte_fw-la facien_fw-fr requiritur_fw-la ut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la jam_fw-la vacat_fw-la de_fw-fr fidelitate_fw-la strenuitate_fw-la provida_fw-la circumspectione_n &_o induâ—tria_fw-la vestris_fw-la plurimum_fw-la câ—nfidenteâ—_n ordâ—nâ—vimus_fw-la &_o constituimus_fw-la vos_fw-la ex_fw-la hac_fw-la causa_fw-la &_o causis_fw-la seneschallum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la angliae_fw-la ad_fw-la officium_fw-la illus_fw-la cum_fw-la monibus_fw-la eidem_fw-la officio_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la parte_fw-la debitis_fw-la &_o pertinentibus_fw-la hac_fw-la vice_fw-la gerend_a '_o accipiend_n '_o &_o exercend_v '_o dantes_fw-la &_o concedentes_fw-la vobis_fw-la tenore_fw-la praesentium_fw-la plenam_fw-la &_o sufficientem_fw-la potestatem_fw-la &_o authoritatem_fw-la ac_fw-la mandatum_fw-la speciale_a indictamentum_fw-la predict_v '_o etc._n etc._n so_o that_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o great_a officer_n be_v whole_o restrain_v to_o proceed_v only_o upon_o the_o recite_v indictment_n and_o he_o to_o who_o this_o offic_n be_v grant_v must_v be_v a_o lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o his_o proceed_n be_v to_o be_v secundum_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la angliae_fw-la for_o so_o be_v his_o commission_n and_o hereof_o you_o may_v read_v more_o at_o large_a in_o coke_n 3_o inst_z chap._n high_a treason_n also_o at_o every_o coronation_n he_o have_v a_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n hac_fw-la vice_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o claim_n for_o grand_a serjeanties_n and_o other_o honourable_a service_n to_o be_v do_v at_o the_o coronation_n for_o the_o solemnisation_n thereof_o for_o which_o purpose_n the_o high_a steward_n do_v hold_v his_o court_n some_o convenient_a time_n before_o the_o coronation_n see_v a_o precedent_n hereof_o before_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o john_n duke_z of_o lancaster_n then_z steward_z of_o england_n who_o in_o claim_n before_o he_o be_v style_v tres_fw-fr honourable_a signior_n roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr castille_n &_o leon_n &_o seneschalle_fw-fr d'_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr and_o hold_v his_o court_n in_o alba_n aula_n apud_fw-la westm_n die_v jovis_n proximè_fw-la ante_fw-la coronationem_fw-la quae_fw-la quidem_fw-la coronatio_fw-la habita_fw-la &_o solemnizata_fw-la fuit_fw-la die_v jovis_n sequente_fw-la viz._n 16_o julij_fw-la anno_fw-la 1_o ric._n 2._o the_o first_o that_o be_v create_v hac_fw-la vice_n for_o the_o solemnisation_n of_o the_o coronation_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o be_v thomas_n his_o second_o son_n and_o upon_o the_o arraignment_n of_o john_n holland_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n the_o first_o that_o be_v create_v steward_n of_o england_n hac_fw-la vice_fw-la be_v edward_n earl_n of_o devon_n when_o he_o sit_v by_o force_n of_o his_o office_n he_o sit_v under_o a_o cloth_n of_o state_n and_o such_o as_o direct_v their_o speech_n unto_o he_o say_v may_v it_o please_v your_o grace_n my_o lord_n high_a steward_n of_o england_n the_o style_n of_o john_n of_o gaunt_n be_v johannes_n filius_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la rex_fw-la legionis_fw-la &_o castellae_fw-la dux_n aquitaniae_n &_o lancastriae_fw-la comes_fw-la derbiae_fw-la linconliae_fw-la &_o leicestriae_fw-la seneschallus_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o in_o respect_n his_o power_n before_o it_o be_v limit_v be_v so_o transcendent_a no_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o this_o great_a officer_n in_o any_o of_o our_o ancient_a author_n the_o mirror_n bracton_n britton_n or_o fleta_n it_o seem_v they_o like_v not_o to_o treat_v of_o his_o authority_n neither_o be_v he_o find_v in_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n nor_o in_o any_o book_n case_n before_o the_o one_a of_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o very_o few_o since_o which_o have_v cause_v i_o to_o be_v the_o long_o say_v the_o lord_z coke_n in_o another_o place_n to_o set_v forth_o his_o authority_n and_o due_a proceed_n upon_o the_o arraignment_n of_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o parliament_n by_o judicial_a record_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n agreeable_a with_o constant_a experience_n as_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o be_v tryor_n or_o peer_n be_v not_o swear_v so_o the_o lord_n steward_n be_v judge_n etc._n etc._n be_v not_o swear_v yet_o ought_v he_o according_a to_o his_o letter_n patent_n to_o proceed_v secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o consuetudinem_fw-la angliae_fw-la co._n 4._o inst._n cap._n 4._o in_o enditemene_n the_o treason_n ou_fw-fr felony_n verâ—_n un_fw-fr des_fw-fr pieres_n del_fw-it realm_n le_fw-fr trial_n est_fw-fr per_fw-mi sâ—s_z peer_n quel_fw-fr manner_n de_fw-fr trial_n in_o appel_n nesâ—_n grauntable_a per_fw-la que_fw-fr depuis_fw-fr que_fw-fr cel_z trial_n per_fw-mi ses_fw-fr pieres_n est_fw-fr le_fw-fr proper_a trial_n que_fw-fr appertient_fw-fr all_o pier_n del_fw-it realm_n quant_fw-fr sur_fw-fr enditement_n de_fw-fr treason_n ou_fw-fr felony_n il_fw-fr ad_fw-la plead_v dâ—rien_n culpable_a veion_n l'order_n &_o process_n dâ—cest_a trial_n appiert_fw-fr an._n 1._o h._n 4._o fol._n 1._o &_o a_o 13_o h._n 8._o fol._n 11._o que_fw-fr quant_fw-fr un_fw-fr signior_n del_fw-it parliament_n serra_fw-mi arraign_v de_fw-fr treason_n 〈◊〉_d felony_n dount_n il_fw-fr est_fw-fr indite_v le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr persâ—â—_n letter_n patent_n ferra_fw-la un_fw-fr grand_a &_o sagâ—_n signior_n d'estre_fw-fr de_fw-fr grand_fw-fr seneschal_n d'_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr pour_fw-fr le_fw-fr jour_fw-fr de_fw-fr l'arraignment_n qui_fw-fr devant_fw-fr le_fw-fr dit_fw-fr jour_fw-fr ferra_fw-la precept_n a_o son_n serjaunt_n d'arm_v qui_fw-fr
interrogatory_n ought_v to_o be_v single_a and_o plain_a pertinent_a to_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n but_o in_o no_o sort_n captious_a lead_v or_o directory_n in_o some_o case_n the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n judge_n upon_o witness_n but_o they_o must_v ever_o give_v their_o testimony_n viva_n voice_fw-la as_o in_o dower_n if_o the_o issue_n be_v whether_o the_o husband_n be_v alive_a or_o no._n bracton_n say_v a_o alien_n may_v not_o be_v a_o witness_n but_o that_o must_v be_v understand_v a_o alien_a infidel_n for_o the_o bishop_n of_o rosse_n a_o scot_n be_v admit_v a_o witness_n and_o swear_v 4_o eliz._n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n witness_n aught_o to_o come_v to_o be_v depose_v untaught_a and_o without_o instruction_n and_o shall_v say_v from_o his_o heart_n non_fw-la sum_fw-la doctus_fw-la nec_fw-la instructus_fw-la nec_fw-la curo_fw-la de_fw-la victoria_fw-la modo_fw-la ministretur_fw-la justitia_fw-la coke_n 4_o inst_z cap._n 64._o the_o king_n be_v swanherd_n have_v be_v of_o ancient_a time_n by_o his_o office_n magister_fw-la deductus_fw-la cygnoram_fw-la and_o or_o his_o authority_n you_o may_v read_v in_o rot._n patentium_fw-la anno_fw-la 11_o h._n 4._o part._n 1_o m._n 14_o etc._n etc._n and_o coke_n 4_o inst_z cap_n 66._o but_o he_o have_v no_o court._n no_o powl_z can_v be_v a_o estray_n but_o a_o swan_n the_o king_n be_v aulneger_n aulneger_n of_o aulne_v in_o french_a and_o that_o of_o ulna_fw-la ulnator_n be_v a_o ancient_a officer_n of_o the_o king_n gift_n before_o any_o statute_n for_o in_o 14_o eliz._n sir_n thomas_n darlington_n be_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n aulneger_n of_o broad_a cloth_n and_o have_v a_o fee_n of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o fee_fw-mi he_o have_v of_o the_o subject_n be_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o e._n 3._o of_o ancient_a time_n no_o custom_n be_v pay_v by_o the_o english_a or_o stranger_n but_o for_o wool_n woolfels_n and_o leather_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o e._n 3._o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wool_n be_v drape_v into_o cloth_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v notwithstanding_o that_o because_o the_o wool_n be_v change_v by_o the_o labour_n and_o industry_n of_o man_n into_o another_o kind_n of_o merchandize_v no_o custom_n shall_v be_v pay_v for_o it_o the_o first_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o give_v any_o subsidy_n of_o cloth_n be_v anno_fw-la 23_o ed._n 3._o not_o print_v viz._n 14_o d._n of_o liege_n and_o 21_o d._n of_o stranger_n for_o every_o cloth_n of_o assize_n and_o 2_o s._n 4_o d._n of_o liege_n and_o 3_o s._n 4_o d._n of_o stranger_n for_o every_o cloth_n of_o scarlet_a and_o the_o reason_n of_o grant_v these_o of_o broad_a cloth_n be_v quia_fw-la jam_fw-la magna_fw-la pars_fw-la lani_n regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la in_o eodem_fw-la regno_fw-la pannificitur_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o for_o further_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o king_n for_o custom_n of_o wool_n anno_fw-la 27_o e._n 3._o a_o subsidy_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n over_o the_o custom_n thereof_o due_a viz._n of_o every_o whole_a cloth_n of_o assize_n not_o ingrain_v 4_o d._n the_o half_a cloth_n 2_o d._n every_o whole_a cloth_n ingrain_v 5_o d._n the_o half_a cloth_n 2_o d._n 1_o 2_o the_o whole_a cloth_n of_o scarlet_a 6_o d._n the_o half_a cloth_n 3_o d._n the_o aulneger_n fee_n be_v grant_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n viz._n for_o the_o measure_v of_o every_o whole_a cloth_n of_o assize_n of_o the_o seller_n a_o half_a penny_n and_o for_o the_o half_a cloth_n one_o farthing_n and_o no_o more_o and_o for_o cloth_n less_o or_o not_o to_o be_v sell_v nothing_o nota_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la &_o custumae_fw-la custom_n and_o subsidy_n be_v take_v as_o synonima_n in_o hillary_n term_n anno_fw-la 2_o jac._n 1._o upon_o suit_n to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o duke_n of_o lenox_n a_o question_n be_v move_v whether_o new_a drapery_n as_o frizadoe_n bay_n etc._n etc._n be_v within_o the_o aforesaid_a statute_n it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o all_o new_a make_v drapery_n make_v whole_o of_o wool_n as_o frizadoe_n bay_n northern_a dozen_o etc._n etc._n be_v to_o yield_v subsidy_n and_o aulnage_v according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o e._n 3._o but_o fustian_n canvas_n sackcloth_n etc._n etc._n make_v mere_o of_o other_o stuff_n be_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v therewith_o the_o government_n of_o county_n in_o england_n for_o the_o civil_a government_n of_o county_n the_o king_n make_v choice_n of_o some_o of_o the_o nobility_n clergy_n gentry_n and_o lawyer_n man_n of_o worth_n and_o part_n who_o have_v their_o usual_a residence_n in_o the_o county_n so_o many_o as_o the_o king_n please_v to_o keep_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o county_n and_o these_o by_o the_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n be_v call_v justice_n of_o peace_n at_o first_o style_v warden_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o such_o who_o the_o king_n most_o confide_v in_o in_o or_o do_v respect_n be_v make_v justice_n of_o the_o quorum_fw-la so_o 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as_o be_v deficient_a and_o these_o justice_n and_o officer_n have_v every_o of_o their_o several_a and_o respective_a court_n within_o the_o county_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v brief_o say_v somewhat_o particular_o and_o first_o of_o the_o court_n of_o the_o session_n of_o the_o peace_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1_o e._n 3._o cap._n 16._o the_o king_n will_n that_o for_o the_o better_a keep_v and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o peace_n good_a man_n and_o lawful_a be_v assign_v in_o every_o county_n to_o keep_v the_o peace_n and_o thus_o begin_v this_o subordinate_a government_n for_o the_o tranquillity_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o realm_n which_o no_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n can_v parallel_v but_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n and_o author_n who_o have_v treat_v of_o their_o jurisdiction_n and_o authority_n both_o in_o
viridem_fw-la aeneas_n frondenti_fw-la ex_fw-la ilice_fw-la metam_fw-la constituit_fw-la signum_fw-la nautis_fw-la pater_fw-la unde_fw-la reverti_fw-la sciverit_fw-la &_o longos_fw-la ubi_fw-la circumflectere_fw-la cursus_fw-la at_o the_o common_a law_n none_o can_v erect_v any_o of_o these_o three_o but_o the_o king_n it_o be_v do_v ever_o by_o the_o king_n commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n but_o of_o late_a time_n by_o letter_n patent_n to_o the_o lord_n admiral_n he_o have_v power_n to_o erect_v the_o same_o by_o the_o act_n of_o 8_o eliz._n the_o master_n warden_n and_o assistant_n of_o trinity-house_n of_o deptford_n stroud_n a_o company_n of_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o expert_a master_n and_o governor_n of_o ship_n shall_v and_o may_v lawful_o from_o time_n to_o time_n at_o their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n and_o at_o their_o cost_n make_v erect_v and_o set_v up_o such_o and_o so_o many_o beacon_n mark_n and_o sign_n for_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o sea-shoar_n and_o upland_n place_n near_o the_o seacoast_n or_o forelands_n of_o the_o sea_n only_o for_o sea_n mark_v as_o to_o they_o shall_v seem_v most_o meet_a whereby_o the_o danger_n may_v be_v avoid_v and_o ship_n the_o better_o come_v to_o their_o port_n and_o all_o such_o beacon_n mark_n and_o sign_n so_o by_o they_o to_o be_v erect_v shall_v be_v continue_v renew_v and_o maintain_v from_o time_n to_o time_n at_o the_o cost_v and_o charge_n of_o the_o say_a master_n warden_n and_o assistant_n if_o any_o cut_v down_o etc._n etc._n any_o beacon_n etc._n etc._n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 8_o eliz._n 13._o he_o shall_v incur_v the_o penalty_n therein_o mention_v which_o if_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pay_v he_o shall_v be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la convict_v of_o utlawry_n vide_fw-la coke_n 4._o inst._n cap._n 25._o the_o transcript_n of_o a_o manuscript_n ordination_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v for_o watch_n to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n from_o lyme_n to_o yarmouth_n and_o it_o 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especial_o the_o court_n beforementioned_a upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 28_o h._n 8._o and_o of_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n to_o know_v the_o right_n of_o league_n and_o ambassador_n as_o far_o as_o the_o law_n of_o england_n extend_v unto_o all_o league_n or_o safe_a conduct_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v of_o record_n enrol_v in_o chancery_n that_o the_o subject_n may_v know_v who_o may_v be_v in_o amity_n with_o the_o king_n and_o who_o not_o who_o be_v enemy_n and_o can_v have_v no_o action_n here_o and_o who_o in_o league_n and_o may_v have_v action_n personaâ—_n here_o in_o all_o treaty_n the_o power_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o aught_o to_o be_v equal_a a_o league_n may_v be_v break_v by_o levy_v of_o war_n or_o by_o ambassador_n or_o herald_n bryan_n 19_o e._n 4._o hold_v if_o all_o the_o subject_n in_o england_n will_v make_v war_n with_o a_o king_n in_o league_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n yet_o such_o a_o war_n be_v no_o breach_n of_o the_o league_n see_v 2_o h._n 5._o cap._n 6._o in_o the_o preamble_n but_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n case_n 14_o eliz._n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o lord_n herise_v and_o other_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n who_o without_o his_o consent_n have_v waste_v and_o burn_v divers_a town_n in_o england_n and_o proclaim_v enemy_n be_v enemy_n in_o law_n within_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o e._n 3._o the_o league_n be_v between_o the_o king_n and_o scotland_n and_o resolve_v they_o be_v enemy_n and_o in_o the_o bishop_n of_o rosse_n case_n anno_fw-la 13_o eliz._n the_o question_n be_v a_o legatus_fw-la qui_fw-la rebellionem_fw-la contra_fw-la principem_fw-la ad_fw-la quem_fw-la legatus_fw-la concitat_fw-la legati_fw-la privilegiis_fw-la gaudeat_fw-la &_o non_fw-la ut_fw-la hostiis_fw-la poenas_fw-la subjaceat_fw-la and_o resolve_v he_o have_v lose_v the_o privilege_n of_o a_o ambassador_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o punishment_n ambassador_n be_v call_v orator_n afterward_o legati_fw-la à _fw-la legando_fw-la nuntij_fw-la à _fw-la nâ—nciando_fw-la and_o afterward_o ambassiatores_fw-la or_o embassatory_n and_o sometime_o agent_n for_o omnis_fw-la legatus_fw-la est_fw-la agens_fw-la sed_fw-la omnis_fw-la agens_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la legatus_fw-la in_o sam._n palach_n case_n 12_o jac._n 1._o affirm_v himself_o to_o be_v ambassador_n of_o mula_n sedan_n king_n of_o morocco_n mention_v coke_n 4_o inst._n cap._n 26._o it_o be_v resolve_v there_o can_v be_v no_o ambassador_n without_o letter_n of_o credence_n from_o his_o sovereign_n to_o another_o who_o have_v sovereign_a authority_n and_o although_o in_o his_o letter_n of_o credence_n he_o be_v term_v a_o agent_n or_o nuntius_n yet_o in_o such_o case_n he_o be_v ambassador_n or_o legate_n and_o it_o be_v likewise_o resolve_v that_o ambassador_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a and_o safe_a in_o every_o place_n by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n yea_o although_o they_o be_v ambassador_n of_o our_o enemy_n or_o a_o banish_a man_n be_v send_v to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v banish_v and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o cardinal_n poole_n flee_v to_o rome_n from_o henry_n the_o eight_o the_o pope_n send_v he_o ambassador_n to_o the_o french_a king_n the_o king_n of_o england_n demand_v he_o as_o a_o traitor_n from_o the_o king_n notwithstanding_o he_o be_v send_v ambassador_n sed_fw-la non_fw-la praevaluit_fw-la but_o if_o a_o sovereign_a ambassador_n be_v prorex_fw-la commit_v here_o any_o crime_n which_o be_v contra_fw-la jus_o gâ—ntium_n as_o treason_n murder_n adultery_n etc._n etc._n he_o may_v be_v punish_v as_o another_o private_a alien_n and_o not_o remand_v to_o his_o sovereign_n but_o of_o courtesy_n and_o so_o of_o contract_n that_o be_v good_a jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la he_o must_v answer_v here_o but_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n private_a law_n or_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n which_o be_v not_o malum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la nor_o contra_fw-la jus_fw-la gentium_fw-la a_o ambassador_n reside_v here_o shall_v not_o be_v bind_v by_o they_o but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v of_o the_o subject_n of_o either_o kingdom_n vide_fw-la information_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 19_o h._n 7._o cap._n 1._o coke_n 4_o inst._n cap._n 26._o concern_v prohibit_v good_n bring_v hither_o see_v more_o in_o palach_n case_n where_o one_o may_v not_o be_v indict_v of_o piracy_n for_o take_v the_o good_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o a_o enemy_n prince_n solo_fw-la amici_n and_o where_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n shall_v have_v the_o jurisdiction_n and_o where_o not_o and_o now_o a_o word_n or_o two_o concern_v league_n of_o which_o be_v four_o kind_n i._n foedus_fw-la pacis_fw-la and_o that_o a_o christian_a prince_n may_v have_v with_o a_o infidel_n si_fw-mi fieri_fw-la possit_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la vobis_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la hominibus_fw-la pacem_fw-la habeatis_fw-la 2._o foedus_fw-la congratulationis_fw-la sive_fw-la consolationis_fw-la and_o this_o a_o christian_a prince_n may_v make_v with_o a_o infidel_n as_o david_n do_v with_o hannon_n i_o chron._n 19.2_o 3._o foedus_fw-la commercij_fw-la sive_fw-la commutationis_fw-la mercium_fw-la and_o this_o also_o may_v be_v make_v with_o a_o infidel_n as_o king_n solomon_n do_v with_o hiram_n and_o joshua_n do_v with_o the_o gibeonite_n 4._o foedus_fw-la mutuâ—_fw-la auxilij_fw-la and_o this_o can_v be_v do_v with_o a_o idolater_n jehosaphat_n king_n of_o judah_n make_v foedus_fw-la mutui_fw-la auxilij_fw-la with_o ahab_n king_n of_o israel_n a_o idolater_n for_o ahab_n say_v to_o jehosaphat_n veni_fw-la mecum_fw-la in_o ramoth_n gilead_n cvi_fw-la ille_fw-la respondet_fw-la ut_fw-la ego_fw-la &_o tu_fw-la &_o sicut_fw-la populus_fw-la tuus_fw-la sic_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la meus_fw-la tecum_fw-la erimus_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la in_o which_o war_n ahab_n be_v slay_v and_o jehosaphat_n in_o extreme_a danger_n but_o see_v foedus_fw-la pacis_fw-la and_o foedus_fw-la
which_o they_o get_v leave_v of_o king_n james_n to_o put_v in_o there_o for_o freshwater_n in_o their_o passage_n to_o brasile_n and_o do_v not_o offer_v to_o plant_v till_o a_o good_a while_n after_o the_o english_a be_v settle_v in_o the_o country_n in_o 1664._o his_o late_a majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o send_v over_o four_o commissioner_n to_o reduce_v the_o colony_n into_o bound_n that_o have_v before_o encroach_v upon_o each_o other_o who_o march_v with_o three_o hundred_o red-coat_n to_o manhade_n or_o manhatee_n take_v from_o the_o dutch_a their_o chief_a town_n then_o call_v new_a amsterdam_n now_o new_a york_n and_o august_n 29._o turn_v out_o their_o governor_n with_o a_o silver-leg_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n but_o those_o who_o acknowledge_v subjection_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n suffer_v they_o to_o enjoy_v their_o estate_n and_o their_o house_n as_o before_o thirteen_o day_n after_o sir_n robert_n carr_n take_v the_o town_n and_o fort_n of_o aurania_n 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with_o dutch_a brick_n alla_fw-fr moderna_fw-la consist_v of_o above_o five_o hundred_o house_n the_o mean_a not_o value_v under_o one_o hundred_o pound_n to_o the_o land-ward_n it_o be_v encompass_v with_o a_o wall_n of_o good_a thickness_n and_o fortify_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o river_n so_o as_o to_o command_v any_o ship_n which_o pass_v that_o way_n by_o a_o fort_n call_v james_n fort._n it_o have_v a_o mayor_n aldermen_z a_o sheriff_z and_z justices_z of_o peace_n for_o their_o magistrate_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v most_o english_a and_o dutch_a and_o have_v a_o considerable_a trade_n with_o the_o indian_n for_o beaver_n otter_n raccoon_n skin_n with_o other_o rich_a fur_n likewise_o for_o bear_n deer_n and_o elk-skin_n and_o be_v supply_v with_o venison_n and_o fowl_n in_o the_o winter_n and_o fish_n in_o the_o summer_n by_o the_o indian_n at_o a_o easy_a rate_n the_o province_n of_o new_a york_n former_o contain_v all_o that_o land_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o north_n 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the_o indian_n by_o who_o they_o have_v never_o be_v since_o disturb_v but_o every_o man_n have_v sit_v under_o his_o own_o vine_n and_o have_v peaceable_o reap_v and_o enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o his_o own_o labour_n new_a jersey_n be_v part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o new_a albion_n aforementioned_a and_o be_v subdivide_v into_o east_n and_o west_n jersey_n east_n jersey_n lie_v between_o 39_o and_o 41_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n be_v about_o 12_o degree_n more_o to_o the_o south_n than_o the_o city_n of_o london_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o southeast_n by_o the_o main_a sea_n east_n by_o that_o vast_a navigable_a stream_n call_v hudson_n river_n west_n by_o a_o line_n of_o division_n which_o separate_v it_o from_o west_n jersey_n and_o north_n upon_o the_o main_a land_n and_o extend_v itself_o in_o length_n on_o the_o seacoast_n and_o along_o hudson_n river_n 100_o mile_n and_o upward_o the_o proprietor_n of_o this_o province_n anno_fw-la 1682._o publish_a a_o account_n of_o the_o situation_n convenience_n and_o product_v thereof_o for_o encouragement_n of_o such_o who_o have_v a_o inclination_n to_o settle_v there_o which_o you_o may_v read_v in_o burton_n description_n of_o america_n fol._n 99_o the_o constitution_n of_o this_o country_n be_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o john_n lord_n berkley_n and_o sir_n george_n carteret_n the_o late_a proprietor_n thereof_o in_o which_o such_o provision_n have_v be_v make_v for_o liberty_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n and_o property_n in_o their_o estate_n that_o under_o the_o form_n thereof_o this_o country_n have_v be_v considerable_o increase_v pensylvania_n by_o letter_n patent_n date_v the_o four_o of_o march_n 1680._o king_n charles_n the_o second_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o faithful_a service_n of_o sir_n william_n pen_n decease_a do_v grant_n unto_o william_n penne_n esquire_n son_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o say_a sir_n william_n penne_n all_o that_o tract_n of_o land_n call_v pensylvania_n as_o the_o same_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n by_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ware_n river_n from_o 12_o miles_n distance_n of_o newcastle_n town_n unto_o the_o 43_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n with_o other_o bounding_n and_o limit_n therein_o mention_v and_o all_o power_n pre-eminence_n and_o jurisdiction_n necessary_a for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o say_a province_n and_o by_o other_o letter_n patent_n dated_n april_n the_o second_o 1681._o do_v publish_v and_o declare_v his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n that_o all_o person_n settle_v or_o inhabit_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o say_a province_n shall_v yield_v all_o due_a obedience_n to_o the_o say_v william_n pen_n his_o heir_n and_o assign_v as_o absolute_a proprietor_n and_o governor_n thereof_o as_o also_o to_o the_o deputy_n or_o deputy_n agent_n or_o lieutenant_n commissioned_n by_o he_o or_o they_o whereupon_o william_n penne_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n in_o a_o letter_n from_o philadelphia_n the_o then_o 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