his Subdean is Doctor Jones whose Fee is 100 l. yearly The Fee of each Priest and Clerk of the Chappel is 70 l. yearly The Clerk of the Closet is Doctor Blandford Bishop of Oxford hath no Fee The Lord High Almoner is Doctor Henchman Bishop of London hath no Fee his Sub-Almoner is Doctor Perinchef whose Fee is 6 l. 6 s. 10 d. Of the Civil Government of His Majesties Houshold FOr the Civil Government of the Kings Court the Chief Officer is the Lord Steward quasi Stede ward Locum tenens called also in the time of Henry 8. the Great Master of the Kings Houshold after the French Mode but Primo Mariae and ever since called the Lord Steward of the Kings Houshold He hath Authority over all Officers and Servants of the Kings House except those of His Majesties Chappel Chamber and Stable c. He judgeth of all disorders committed in the Court or within the Verge which is every way within 12 miles of the chief Tunnel of the Court only London by Charter is exempted for the Law having an high esteem of the dignity of the Kings settled Mansion House laid out such a Plot of ground about his House as a half-pace or Foot-Carpet spread about the Kings Chair of Estate that ought to be more cleared and void than other places to be subject to a special exempted jurisdiction depending on the Kings Person and Great Officers that so where the King comes there should come with him Peace and Order and an Awfulness and Reverence in mens hearts besides it would have been a kind of eclipsing of the Kings Honour that where the King was any Justice should be sought but immediately from the Kings own Officers and therefore from very antient times the Jurisdiction of the Verge hath been executed by the Lord Steward with great Ceremony in the nature of a peculiar Kings Bench and that not only within but without the Kings Dominions for so it is recorded that one Engleam of Nogent in France for stealing Silver dishes out of the House of Edward 1. King of England then at Paris after the matter had been debated in the Council of the King of France touching the Jurisdiction and ordered that the King of England should enjoy this Kingly Prerogative of his Houshold was condemned by Sir Robert fitz-Fitz-John then Steward to the King of England and hanged in St. Germans Fields The Lord Steward is a White Staffe Officer for he in the Kings Presence carrieth a White Staffe and at other times going abroad it is carried by a Foot-man bare-headed At the death of the King over the Hearse made for the Kings Body he breaketh this Staffe and thereby dischargeth all the Officers whom the succeeding King out of his meer grace doth re-establish each one in his former Office This eminent Emploiment is now enjoyed by James Duke of Ormond Lord Lieftenant of Ireland whose Fee is 100 l. yearly and 16 Dishes daily each Meal with Wine Beer c. The next Officer is the Lord Chamberlain who hath the over-sight of all Officers belonging to the Kings Chamber except the Precincts of the Kings Bed-Chamber which is wholy under the Groom of the Stool and all above Stairs who are all sworn by him or his Warrant to the Gentlemen Ushers to the King He hath also the over-sight of the Officers of the Wardrobes at all his Majesties Houses and of the removing Wardr or of Beds of the Tents Revels Musick Comedians Hunting and of the Messengers of the Trumpetters Drummers of all Handy-Crafts and Artisans retained in the Kings Service Moreover he hath the over-sight of the Heraulds and Pursivants and Sergeants at Arms of all Physitians Apothecaries Surgeons Barbers c. To him also belongeth the over-sight of the Chaplains though himself be a Lay-man contrary in this particular to the Antient Custom of England and Modern Custom of all other Kingdoms where Ecclesiastiques are never under the ordering of Lay-men The Fee of the Lord Chamberlain of the Kings House is 100 l. yearly and 16 Dishes each Meal with all the Appurtenances This Office is now in the hands of Edward Montague Lord Montague and Earl of Manchester Most of the above-named Offices and Places are in the Gift and Disposal of the Lord Chamberlain The Third Great Officer of the Kings Court is the Master of the Horse antiently called Comes Stabuli or Constable to whom a higheâ— Employment and Power was then given and this taken from him This great Officer hath now the ordering and disposal of all the Kings Stables and Races of Horses and had heretofore of all the Posts of England He hath also the power over Escuiries and Pages over the Footmen Grooms Riders of the Great Horses Farriers Smiths Coach-men Sadlers and all other Trades working to the Kings Stables to all whom he or by his Warrant the Avener giveth an Oath to be true and faithful He hath the Charge of all Lands and Revenues appointed for the Kings breed of Horses and for Charges of the Stable and for Litters Coaches Sumpter Horses c. Also for the Charges of Coronations Marriages Entries Cavalcades Funerals c. He only hath the Priviledge to make use of any Horses Pages Foot-men belonging to the Kings Stable At any Solemn Cavalcade he rides next behind the King and leads a Lear Horse of State This great honour is now enjoyed by George Monk Duke of Albemarle in consideration of his unparalleld Services to the King to his Crown and Dignity at a juncture of time when his Affairs and Friends were in a very desperate condition His yearly Fee is 666 l. 16 s. 4 d. Under these Three Principal Officers of His Majesties Houshold are almost all the other Officers and Servants First under the Lord Steward in the Compting-House is the Treasurer of the Houshold Comptroller Cofferer Master of the Houshold Two Clerks of the Green-Cloth Two Clerks Comptrollers One Sergeant Two Yeomen The Cofferers Clerk The Groom Two Messengers It is called the Compting-House because the Accompts for all Expences of the Kings Houshold are there taken daily by the Lord Steward the Treasurer the Comptroller the Cofferer the Master of the Houshold the two Clerks of the Green Cloth and the two Clerks Comptrollers who also there make Provisions for the Houshold according to the Law of the Land and make Payments and Orders for the well governing of the Servants of the Houshold In the Compting-House is the Green-Cloth which is a Court of Justice continually sitting in the Kings House composed of the Persons last mentioned whereof the three first are usually of the Kings Privy Council To this Court being the first and most ancient Court of England is committed the charge and oversight of the Kings Court Royal for matters of Justice and Government with Authority for maintaining the Peace within 12 miles distance wheresoever the Court shall be and within the Kings House the power of correcting all the Servants therein that
shall any way offend It is called the Green Cloth of a Green Cloth whereat they sit over whom are the Arms of the Compting House bearing Vert a Key and a Rod Or a Staffe Argent Saultier signifying their Power to reward and correct as Persons for their great wisdom and experience thought fit by His Majesty to exercise both these Functions in his Royal House The Treasurer of the Kings House is alwayes of the Privy Council and in absence of the Lord Steward hath power with the Comptroller and Steward of the Marshalsea to hear and determine Treasons Felonies and other inferiour Crimes committed within the Kings Palace and that by Verdict of the Kings Houshold Houshold Servants within the Check Roll if any be found guilty of Felony no benefit of Glergy is to be allowed him Antiently this Court might have held Pleas of Freehold also His yearly Fee 124 l. 14 s. 8 d. and a Table of 16 Dishes each Meal He bears a white Staffe and is at present Sir Thomas Clifford The Comptrollers Office is to controul the Accounts and Reckonings of the Green Cloth His yearly Fee is 107 l. 12 s. 4 d. a Table of 16 Dishes each Meal He bears a white Staffe and is at present the Lord Newport The Cofferer is also a Principal Officer hath a special charge and oversight of other Officers of the House for their good Demeanour and Carriage in their Offices and is to pay the Wages to the Kings Servants below Stairs His yearly Fee is 100 l. a Table of 7 Dishes daily and is now Colonel Will. Ashburnbam The next is the Master of the Houshold whose Office is to survey the Accounts of the House His Fee 100 Marks and 7 Dishes daily enjoyed by Sir Herbert Price The Two Clerks of the Green Cloth are Sir Henry Wood and Sir Stephen Fox and the two Clerks Comptrollers Sir William Boreman and Sir Winston Churchill The yearly Fee to each of these four is 48 l. 13 s. 4 d. and between them 2 Tables of 7 Dishes to each Table The rest of the Compting-House being less considerable shall for brevity be past over and for other Officers below stairs onely their Names and Number shall be noted their Fees being not considerable except the Sergeants Fee of each Office In the Bake-House A Sergeant a Clerk divers Yeomen a Garnitor divers Purveyors Grooms and Conducts in all 17 Persons In the Pantry A Sergeant Yeomen Grooms Pages c. in all 11. In the Cellar A Sergeant a Gentleman Yeomen Grooms Purveyors Pages in all 12. In the Buttry A Gentleman Yeoman Grooms Pages Purveyors in all 11. In the Pitcher-House A Yeoman Grooms Page and Clerk in all 5 persons In the Spicery Three Clerks and a Grocer In the Chandlery A Sergeant 2 Yeomen 2 Grooms and a Page in all 6 persons In the Wafery A Yeoman and a Groom In the Confectionary A Sergeant 2 Yeomen a Groom and a Page In the Ewry A Sergeant a Gentleman 2 Yeomen a Groom and 2 Pages In the Landry A Yeoman a Groom 3 Pages and a Draper In the Kitchin Six Clerks a Master Cook to the King a Master Cook to the Houshold 6 Yeomen 7 Grooms 5 Children in all 26 persons In the Larder A Sergeant a Clerk 3 Yeomen 3 Grooms 2 Pages In the 〈◊〉 or the Caterers Office a Sergeant a Clerk Purveyors for Flesh and Fish Yeomen in all 12 persons In the Boyling-House a Yeoman 2 Grooms In the Poultry A Sergeant a Clerk Yeomen Grooms Purveyors in all 10 persons In the Scalding-House Yeomen Grooms and Pages in all 6. In the Pastry A Sergeant a Clerk Yeomen Grooms and Children in all 11 persons In the Scullery A Sergeant a Clerk Yeomen Grooms and Pages in all 12 persons In the Wood-Yard A Sergeant a Clerk Yeomen Groom and Pages in all 8 persons Harbingers 2 Gentlemen 6 Yeomen In the Almonry Sub-Almoner 2 Yeomen Grooms Porters at Gate A Sergeant Sir Edward Bret 2 Yeomen 4 Grooms Cart-Takers 6 in number Surveyors of the Dresser 2 persons Marshals of the Hall 4. Sewers of the Hall 5. Wayters of the Hall 12. Messenger of the Compting-House 1. Bell-Ringer 1. Long-Cart-Takers 4. Wine-Porters 8. Wood-Bearer 1. The Cock 1. Supernumerary Servants to the last King viz. In the Poultry 2 in the Almonry 1 and in the Pastry 1. Besides the fore-named Officers below Stairs there are also under the said Lord Steward all the Officers belonging to the Queens Kitchin Cellar Pantry c. and to the Kings Privy Kitchin and to the Lords Kitchin together with Children Scowrers Turn-broaches c. in all 68. A List of His Majesties Servants in Ordinary above Stairs GEntlemen of the Bed Chamber whereof the first is called Groom of the Stole that is according to the signification of the word in Greek from whence first the Latines and thence the Italian French derive it Groom or Servant of the Robe or Vestment He having the Office and Honour to present and put on His Majesties first Garment or Shirt every morning and to order the things of the Bed-Chamber The Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber consist usually of the Prime Nobility of England Their Office in general is each one in his turn to wait a Week in every Quarter in the Kings Bed-Chamber there to lie by the King on a Pallet-Bed all Night and in the absence of the Groom of the Stole to supply his place The yearly Fee to each is 1000 l. Their Names follow according to their Order John Earl of Bath Groom of the Stole and first Gentleman of the Bed-Chamber George Duke of Buckingham Charles Duke of Richmond William Duke of Newcastle George Duke of Albemarle James Duke of Ormond Earl of Suffolk The Earl of Newport Earl of Ossory Earl of Ogle Lord Gerrard Lord Crofts Lord Lauderdale Lord Mandevil Mr. May Privy Purse Sir George Carteret Vice-Chamberlain George Lord Viscount Grandison Captain of the Guard Sir Edward Griffin Knight Treasurer of the Chamber Sir John Denham Knight of the Bath Surveyor to His Majesty Grooms of the Bed-Chamber Henry Seymour Esquire John Ashburnham Esquire Thomas Elliot Esquire David Walter Esquire William Legg Esquire Sylvius Tytus Esquire Thomas Killegrew Esquire Robert Philips Esquire Edward Progers Esquire Richard Lane Esquire Henry Coventry Esquire These are not to be above the degree of Gentlemen Their Office is to attend in the Kings Bed-Chamber to dress and undress the King in private c. The yearly Fee to each is 500 l. Pages of the Bed-Chamber 6 in number whereof one is Keeper of his Majesties Closet Gentlemen Vshers of the Privy-Chamber Sir William Flemming Marmaduke Darcy Sir Paul Neale Sir Robert Stapleton These wait one at a time in the Privy Lodgings Gentlemen of the Privy-Chamber in Ordinary Sir Edward Griffin Sir Francis Cobb Sir John Boys Sir John Talbot Sir Robert Bindlos Sir Thomas Sandys c. in number forty eight all Knights or Esquires of note Their Office is 12 every
next is the Lord Arundel of Warder and Count of the Empire Master of the Horse whose Salary is Then Her Majesties Secretary Sir John Winter The Treasurer Receiver General of Her Majesties Revenues Sir Henry Wood. Sir Thomas Bond Comptroller of the Houshold whose Salary is Sir Thomas Ork and divers other Officers of the Robes Four Gentlemen ushers of the Privy Chamber to each of which is 130 l. Salary per annum and diet Two Cupbearers two Carvers two Sewers two Gentlemen Ushers of the Presence Chamber Salary to each 120 l. and diet all these at a Table together Four Grooms of the Privy Chamber Salary 60 l. and diet Four Gentlemen ushers Quarter Waiters Salary 60 l. and diet Four Pages of the Presence Eight Grooms of the Great Chamber For guarding Her Majesties Person She hath first a Captain of her Guard the Earl of St. Albans A Lieutenant Monsieur de la Chapelle An Exempt of the Guards Monsieur Fremon 24 Gentlemen Soldiers in Black Velvet Cassocks and Golden embroidered Badges marching or waiting about the Person of Her Majesty when in Sedan or at Chappel or Table or Coach with two Horses on foot with Halberts and when in Coach and 6 Horses on Horseback with Carabins in all places within doors as without covered For to take care of Her Majesties Health There is one Physician and one Apothecary For to wait on Her Majesty in her Bed-Chamber There are first the Ladies of the Bed-Chamber the chief whereof is The Dutchess Dowager of Richmond Sister to the present Duke of Buckingham who is Groom of the Stole And the Countess of Newport Lady of the Chamber Of the Privy Chamber there are 4 Ladies all English Fee 150 l. each one they are at present the Lady Price the Lady Bond c. Women of the Bed-Chamber 8 or 9 partly French and partly English In the Laundry The Lady Sanderson is the Chief Laundress 1 Seamstress 1 Starcher In the Stable the Chief Query or Escuyer is Sir Edward Wingfield The many Officers in the Buttry Cellar Pantry Ewâ—y c. shall be for brevity passed over Her Majesty hath also 4 Coaches with 6 Horses each also 12 Footmen a Barge with 12 men in Liveries Moreover Pages of the Back Stairs 4 c. In the Chappel There is first the Lord Almoner Abbot Montague 800 l. per annum Father Lambart Confessor to Her Majesty a Frenchman 300 l. per annum Father Gough Priest of the Oratory Clerk of Her Majesties Private Chappel and Assistant to the Confessor an Englishman 200 l. per annum A Lay Brother of the Oratory 40 l. Besides these there is adjoyning to the Chappel a Convent of Capuchins wherein is a Father Guardian 7 other Priests and two Lay Brothers all French whose Office is to perform the Office of the Chappel daily also to preach on Sundayes and Holydayes and in Lent three dayes every Week for the maintenance of these Her Majesty allows 500 l. per annum Her Majesties Revenue is for her Joynture 30000 l. yearly and of His Majesty a Pension of 30000 l. more out of the Exchequer Divers other Offices belonging to Her Majesties Court as Master of Buck Hounds and Bows and Musick Master of the Queens Games The present State of the Court of his Royal Highness the Duke of York His Majesties only Brother according to the last Establishment STeward of the Houshold John Lord Berkley 800 l. Treasurer of the Houshold and Receiver of the Revenue Sir Alan Apsley his Fee 400 Marks or 266 l. 13 s. 4 d. Comptroller Sir Henry de Vic 266 l. 13 s. 4 d. Secretary Matthew Wren Esquire 200 l. Keeper of the Privy Purse Marquiss de Bland 100 l. Master of the Robes and Groom of the Bed-Chamber Edward Villiers Esquire 266 l. 13 s. 4 d. Seven other Grooms of the Bed-Chamber Richard Nicols Robert Worden Henry Killegrew Roger Vaughan Anthony Eyre Henry Howard Mr. Thynn now Resident in Swethland each 200 l. Belonging to his Royal Highness Cappel Almoner Doctor Henry Killegrew 100 l. Five Chaplains Dr. William Clark Dr. William Thomas Dr. Richard Watson Mr. Turner Mr. Doughty each 50 l. Sacristan 40 l. Keeper of the Closet 40 l. Gentleman-usher 80 l. Nine Gentlemen Waiters each 40 l. Yeoman of the Robes Mr. Lawrence du Puy 60 l. Brusher 40 l. Yeoman of the Wardrobe Philip Kinnersly 100 l. Two Barbers each 80 l. Four Pages of the Back Stairs each 80 l. A Governour of the Pages Two Grooms of the Privy-Chamber Two Grooms of the Presence A Fire-maker in the Presence Two Physitians Three Chirurgeons Two Apothecaries A Secretary of the Languages 100 l. A Gentleman Harbinger 50 l. besides Riding Charges 8 s. 4 d. per diem Semstress and Laundress to the Body Mrs du Puy 250 l. Laundress to the Table Mrs Katherine Atkinson 200 l. Yeoman of the Wine Cellar Mr. Tuke 70 l. Yeoman of the Beer Cellar Mr. Pierce 60 l. Yeoman of the Poultry and Larder 60 l. Yeoman of the Woodyard and Skullery 50 l. Of the Pantry and Ewry 50 l. Porter 50 l. Keeper of the Armory 50 l. Trumpeter 30 l. Necessary Woman 40 l. Chamber-Keeper to the Maids Bottleman Two Clerks to the Commissioners Messenger to the Commissioners 71 l. 18 s. 4 d. Door-Keeper to the Commissioners Clerk of the Kitchin 50 l. Master Cook 40 l. Second Cook 30 l. Three Turn-broaches each 18 l. 5 s. Two Scowrers each 18 l. 5 s. Pan-keeper Porter of the Kitchin Porter of the Back-Stairs Cole-Carrier Porter at Whitehall Gardiner Officers of his Highnesses Revenue Attourney General Sir Edward Turner 40 l. Solliciter General Sir Edward Thurland 40 l. Solliciter Charles Porten Esquire 40 l. Auditor General Thomas Holder Esquire 180 l. Assistant to the Auditor Henry Thwaits Messenger to the Revenue Mr. Dutton 71 l. 18 s. 4 d. Officers of the Admiralty Sir William Turner Mr. David Bud. Seven Huntsmen of the Buck-hounds Six Huntsmen of the Fox-hounds Teacher of the Setting Dogs Dancing Master Fencing Master Master of the Barges Twenty four Watermen Pensioners Officers and Servants in his Highnesses Stable Henry Jermin Esquire Master of the Horse 266 l. 13 s. 4 d. Three Escuyries each 100 l. Clerk of the Stables 60 l. Surveyor of the Stable 40 l. Yeoman Rider 80 l. Governour of the Pages 78 l. Six Pages each 52 l. Fourteen Foot-men each 39 l. Fifteen Grooms each 32 l. 10 s. Three Coachmen each 78 l. For themselves 3 Postillions and 3 Helpers Besides Linnen Stockings and Liveries twice a year Two Sumpter men each 26 l. Three Muleters each 26 l. Porter of the Stables 32 l. 10 s. Officers and Servants belonging to Her Royal Highness the Dutchess GRroom of the Stole Countess of Rochester 400 l. Lady of the Bed-Chamber Countess of Peterborough 200 l. Four Maids of Honour Mrs. Arabella Churchil 20 l. Mrs. Dorothy Howard 20 l. Mrs. Anne Ogle 20 l. Mrs Mary Blague 20 l. Mother of the Maids Mrs. Lucy
Duke of Cumberland after the extinction of the Male Line of the Cliffords Finally the Kings forces at land being totally defeated he transported himself into France and was afterward made Admiral of such Ships of War as submitted to King Charles the Second to whom after divers disasters at Sea and wonderful preservations he returned to Paris 1652 where and in Germany sometimes at the Emperours Court and sometimes at Heydelberg he passed his time in Princely Studies and Exercises till the Restauration of his Majesty now raigning after which returning into England was made a Privy Counsellour in 1662 and in 1666 being joyned Admiral with the Duke of Albemarle first attackt the whole Dutch Fleet with his Squadron in such a bold resolute way that he put the Enemy soon to flight He enjoys a Pension from his Majesty of 4000 l. per Annum After Prince Rupert the next Heirs to the Crown of England are 3 French Ladies Daughters of Prince Edward lately deceased who was a younger Son of the Queen of Rehemia whose Widdow the Princess Dowager Mother to the said three Ladies is Sister to the late Queen of Poland Daughter and Coheir to the last Duke of Nevers in France amongst which three Daughters there is a Revenue of about 12000 l. Sterling a year After these is the Princess Elizabeth eldest Sister living to the Prince Elector Palatin born 26 Decemb. 1618. unmarried and living in Germany The next is another Sister called the Princess Louisa bred up at the Hague with the Queen her Mother in the Religion of the Church of England at length embracing the Romish Religion is now Lady Abbess of Maubisson at Ponthoise not far from Paris Last of all is the Princess Sophia youngest Daughter to the Queen of Bohemia born at the Hague 1630. and in 1659 wedded to John Duke of Lunenberg and Free Prince of Germany Heir to the Dutchy of Brunswick by whom she hath Sons and Daughters Of these three Princesses it is said that the first is the most learned the second the greatest Artist and the last one of the most accomplisht Ladies in Europe Of the Great Officers of the Crown NExt to the King and Princes of the Blood are reckoned the Great Officers of the Crown whereof there are Eight viz. the Lord High Chancellour the Lord High Treasurer the Lord Privy Seal the Lord High Admiral the Lord Great Chamberlain the Lord High Constable the Earl Marshal and the Lord High Steward for the time being First the Lord High Chancellour Summus Cancellarius so called because all Patents Commissions Warrants coming from the King and perused by him are signed if well or cancelled if amiss He is after the King and Princes of the Blood in Civil Affairs the highest Person in the Kingdom as the Archbishop of Canterbury is in Ecclesiastical Affairs His Office is to keep the Kings Great Seal to judge not according to the Common Law as other Civil Courts do but to moderate the rigour of the Law and to judge according to Equity Conscience or Reason His Oath is to do right to all manner of People poor and rich after the Laws and Customs of the Realm and truly counsel the King to keep secret the Kings Counsel nor suffer so far as he may that the Rights of the Crown be diminisht c. From the time of Henry 2. the Chancellours of England have been ordinarily made of Bishops or other Clergy-men learned in the Civil Laws till Henry 8. made Chancellour one Richard Rich a Common Lawyer from whom is descended the present Earl of Warwick and the Earl of Holland since which time there have been some Bishops but most Common Lawyers This High Office is in France durante vitâ but here is durante beneplacito Regis The Salary from the King is 848 l. per Annum and when the Star-Chamber was up 200 l. per Annum more for his Attendance there The Lord Chancellour or Lord Keeper who differ only in Name is created per traditionem magni Sigilli sibi per dominum Regem and by taking his Oath The Great Seal being lately taken from Edward Earl of Clarendon Lord Chancellour was by his Majesties great favour bestowed upon Sir Orlando Bridgeman with the Title of Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England The next Great Officer of the Crown is the Lord High Treasurer of England who receives this high Office by delivery of a White Staffe to him by the King and holds it durante beneplacito Regis Antiently he received this Dignity by the delivery of the Golden Keys of the Treasury His Oath is little different from that of the Lord Chancellour He is Praefectus Aerarii a Lord by his Office under whose Charge and Government is all the Kings Revenue kept in the Exchequer He hath also the check of all the Officers any way emploied in collecting Imposts Customs Tributes or other Revenues belonging to the Crown He hath the gift of all Customers Controllers and Searchers in all the Ports of England He hath the nomination of the Escheators in every County and in some Cases by Statute is to appoint a Measurer for the length and breadth of Clothes He with others joyned in Commission with him or without letteth Leases of all the Lands belonging to the Crown He giveth Warrants to certain Persons of Quality to have their Wine Custom free The Annual Salary of the Lord High Treasurer is in all 383 li. 7s 8d per Annum Since the decease of Thomas Wriothesly last Earl of South-hampton and last Lord High Treasurer of England this Office hath been executed by a Commission granted to five eminent Persons viz. the Duke of Albemarle Lord Ashley Sir Thomas Clifford Sir Will. Coventry and Sir John Duncomb The Third Great Officer of the Crown is the Lord Privy Seal who is a Lord by his Office under whose hands pass all Charters and Grants of the King and Pardons signed by the King before they come to the Great Seal of England also divers other matters of less Concernment as for payments of money c. which do not pass the Great Seal He is by his Place of the Kings Privy Council and Chief Judge of the Court of Requests when it shall be re-continued and besides his Oath of Privy Counsellour takes a particular Oath as Lord Privy Seal His Salary is His Place according to Statute is next to the Lord President of the Kings Council It is an Office of great Trust and Skill that he put not this Seal to any Grant without good Warrant under the Kings Privy Signet nor with Warrant if it be against Law or Custom until that the King be first acquainted This great Officer is mentioned in the Statutes of 2 Rich. 2. and then â—anked amongst the Chief Persons of the Realm And is at present enjoyed by John Lord Robarts Baron Robarts of Truro The Fourth Great Officer of the Crown is the Lord
Quarter to wait on the Kings Person within doors and without so long as His majesty is on foot and when the King eats in the Privy Chamber they wait at the Table and bring in his Meat They wait also at the reception of Embassadours and every Night two of them lie in the Kings Privy-Chamber A Gentleman of the Privy-Chamber by the Kings Commandment onely without any written Commission is sufficient to arrest any Peer of England Grooms of the Privy Chamber in Ordinary in number 6 all Gentlemen of Quality these as all Grooms wait without Sword Cloak or Hat whereas the Gentlemen wear alwayes Cloak and Sword In the Presence Chamber Gentlemen-Ushers daily Waiters in Ordinary are 4 whereof the first hath the Office of Black Rod and in time of Parliament is to attend every day the Lords House and is also Usher of the Honourable Order of the Garter They are now Sir John Ayton Sir Edward Carteret Richard March Sir James Mercer Tho. Duppa Assistant Daily Waiter Their Office is to wait in the Presence Chamber and to attend next the Kings Person and after the Lord Chancellour and the Vice-Chamberlain to order all affairs and to obey these are all Under-Officers above Stairs Gentlemen Ushers Quarter Waiters in Ordinary in number 8 these wait also in the Presence Chamber and are to give directions to the Grooms and Pages and other under Officers who are to attend in all servile Offices next to the Grooms The Grooms of the Great Chamber are 12 the Pages of the Presence Chamber 4. Cup-Bearers in Ordinary James Halsal Charles Littleton Sir William Fleetwood Sir Philip Palmer Mr. Ayrskyn Carvers in Ordinary 4. Sewers in Ordinary 4. Esquires of the Body in Ordinary 4. Their Office to guard the Kings Person by Night to set the Watch and give the Word and keep good Order in the whole House by Night as the Lord Chamberlain and his other Officers are to do by Day Groom Porter Col. Offley His Office to see the Kings Lodgings furnisht with Tables Chairs Stools Firing to furnish Cards Dice c. to decide disputes arising at Cards Dice Bowlings c. Sergeants at Arms 16 all Gentlemen Chaplains in Ordinary 4 for every Moneth as followeth January Dr. Sandcroft Dr. Brideock Dr. Jos Beaumont Dr. Colebrand February Dr. Peirce Dr. Shute Dr. Duport Dr. Cradock March Dr. Crofts Dr. Reeves Dr. Brough Dr. Bell. April Dr. Maine Dr. Gullston Dr. Stillingfleet Dr. Creighton May. Dr. Fell Dr. Sudbury Dr. Crey Dr. Bathurst June Dr. Wood Dr. Carlton Dr. Basire Dr. Neale July Dr. Cartwright Dr. Castillian Dr. Smith Dr. John Loyd August Dr. Fleetwood Dr. Gunning Dr. Thorne Dr. Offly September Dr. Pearson Dr. Bolton Dr. Perinchief Dr. Tillotson October Dr. Ovtram Dr. Meuse Dr. Tho. Tulley Dr. Smallwood November Dr. Allestree Dr. Benson Dr. Geo. Beaumont Dr. Will. Loyd December Dr. Hodges Dr. Hardye Dr. Ball Dr. Lamplagh These 48 Chaplains in Ordinary are usually Doctors in Divinity and for the most part Deans or Prebends and all principal Predicators Messengers of the Chamber in Ordinary first 2 Clerks of the Check then 40 more in all 42. Musitians in Ordinary 62. Trumpeters in Ordinary and Kettle Drummers are in all 15. Drummers and Fifes 7. Of Wardrobes the King hath besides the Great Wardrobe now in the Savoy whereof Edward Earl of Sandwich is Master divers standing Wardrobes at Whitehall Windsor Hampton-Court the Tower of London Greenwich c. whereof there are divers Officers Lastly removing Wardrobes whereof there is one Yeoman 2 Grooms and 2 Pages Jewel House Sir Gilbert Talbot Master and three Under Officers called Yeoman and Grooms Whose Office is to take Charge of all Vessels of Gold or Silver gilt for the King and Queens Table of all Plate in the Tower of Chains and loose Jewels not fixt to any Garment Physitians in Ordinary to His Majesties Person are Sir Alexander Fraser Sir John Baber Doctor Clark Doctor Hinton Physitians in Ordinary to the Houshold Doctor Waldron Doctor Scarborough for the Tower of London Apothecaries 2 one for the Kings Person and one for the Houshold Chirurgeons 6. Barbers 2. Printers 2. Bookbinder 1. Taylers 2. Hydrographer 1. Stationer 1. In the Office of the Tents Toyles Hales and Pavilions 2 Masters 4 Yeomen 1 Groom 1 Clerk Comptroller 1 Clerk of the Tents A Master of the Revels Office to order all things concerning Comedies c. Engraver Sculptor 1 in each Office In the Office of the Robes 1 Master 4 Grooms a Purveyor Clerk Tayler and Page and a Dyer In the Matter of Ceremonies A Master Sir Charles Cotterel and one Marshal A Master of the Game of Cock-fighting Two Sergeant Skinners Three Embroiderers Two Keepers of the Privy Lodgings Two Gentlemen and one Yeomen of the Bows One Crossbow-Maker one Fletcher One Mrs Sempstress and one Laundress One Perspective Maker One Master Fencer One Haberdasher of Hatts One Comb-Maker One Coffee-Maker Shoo-maker Joyner Copier of Pictures Watch-maker Cabinet-maker Lock-Smith Library-Keeper Rat-Killer of each one Game of the Bears and Bulls 1 Master 1 Sergeant 1 Yeoman Operators for the Teeth 2. Coffer-Bearers to the Back-Stairs 2. Falconers Sir Allen Aspley Master of the Hawks and other Officers under him about London and other places belonging to the King in all 33. Huntsmen for the Buck-hounds in Ordinary John Carey Esquire Master of the Buck-hounds and under him a Sergeant and 34 other persons Otter-hounds Smith Esquire Master of the Otter-hounds and 4 more under him Huntsmen for the Harriers Master of the Harriers Mr. Elliot and 5 under him One Yeoman of the Leash Watermen 55. Silkmen 2. Perfumer Feather-maker Milliner Mercer Hosier Draper Upholster Letter-carrier Forreign Post of each one Officers belonging to Gardens Bowling-Greens Tennis-Courts Pall-Mall 10 persons Culter Spurrier Girdler Corn-Cutter Button-maker one of each Embosser Enameler of each one Armory at the Tower Master of the Ordinance now in several Commissioners William Legg Lieutenant of the Ordnance and Master Armorer and 17 under Officers Heraulds 3 Kings at Arms. Sir Edward Walker Garter Sir Edward Bish Clarenceux William Dugdale Norroy Also 4 Heraulds and 4 Pursuivants Comedians 17 Men and 8 Women Actors Gunner Gilder Cleanser of Pictures Scene-Keeper Coffer-Maker Wax-Chandler Mole-Taker Publick Notary one of each Keeper of Birds and Fowle in St. James's Park 1. Keeper of the Volery Goffe-Club-maker Sergeant Painter one for each A List of His Majesties Servants under the Master of the Horse There are FIrst 14 Queryes so called from the French word Escuyers derived from Escuyrie a Stable their Office is to attend the King on Hunting on Progress or on any occasion of riding abroad to help His Majesty up and down from his Horse c. The yearly Fee to each is 20 l. 2. The Chief Avener which place with all the following are in the Gift of the Master of the Horse so called from Avena Oates whose Office is to provide Provender and yearly Fee is 40 l. There
c. In the Kings Court not only striking is forbidden but also all occasions of Striking and therefore the Law saith Nullas Citationes aut summonitiones licet facere infra Palatium Regis apud Westm vel alibi ubi Rex residet The Court of the King of England for Magnificence for Order for Number and Quality of Officers for rich Furniture for Entertainment and Civility to Strangers for plentiful Tables might compare with the best Court of Christendom and far excel the most Courts abroad of one whereof see the Description made by an ingenious Person beyond Sea writing to a Friend of his at Court there Annon in Inferno es Amice qui es in Aula ubi Daemonum habitatio est qui illic suis artibus humanâ licet effigie regnant atque ubi Scelerum Schola est Animarum jactura ingens ac quicquid uspiam est perfidiae ac doli quicquid crudelitatis ac inclementiae quicquid effraenatae superbiae rapacis avaritiae quicquid obscaenae libidinis ac faedissimae impudicitiae quicquid nefandae impietatis morum pessimorum totum illic acervatur cumulatissimè ubi stupra raptus incestus adulteria ubi inebriari jurare pejerare Atheismum profiteri palam principum nobilium ludi sunt ubi fastus tumor ira Liver faedaque cupido cum sociis suis imperare videtur ubi criminum omnium procellae virtutumque omnium inerrabile naufragium c. But the Court of England on the contrary hath been and is hoped ever will be accounted as King James adviseth in his Basilicon Doron a Pattern of Godliness and all Honesty and Vertue and the properest School of Prowess and Heroick Demeanour and the fittest Place of Education for the Nobility and Centry The Court of England hath for a long time been a Pattern of Hospitality to the Nobility and Gentry of England All Noblemen or Gentlemen Subjects or Strangers that came accidently to Court were freely entertained at the plentiful Tables of His Majesties Officers Divers Services or Messes of Meat were every day provided Extraordinary for the Kings honour Two hundred and forty Gallons a day were at the Buttry Barr allowed for the Poor besides all the broken Meat Bread c. gathered into Baskets and given to the Poor at the Court Gates by 2 Grooms and 2 Yeomen of the Almonry who have Salaries of His Majesty for that Service Moreover the Court is an eminent Pattern of Charity and Humility to all that shall see the performance of that Antient Custom by the King and the Queen on the Thursday before Easter called Maundy Thursday wherein the King in a solemn manner doth wash the Feet cloth and feed as many poor Old Men as His Majesty is years old bestowing on every one Cloth for a Gown Linnen for a Shirt Shooes and Stockings a Joul of Salmon a Pol of Ling 30 Red and 30 White Herrings all in clean Wooden Dishes 4 Six Penny Loaves of Bread and a Purse with a 20 s. Piece of Gold The Magnificence and abundant plenty of the Kings Tables hath caused amazement in all Forreigners when they have been informed that yearly was spent of gross Meat 1500 Oxen 7000 Sheep 1200 Veals 300 Porkers 400 Sturks or young Biefes 6800 Lambs 300 Flitches of Bacon and 26 Boares Also 140 Dozen of Geese 250 Dozen of Capons 470 Dozen of Hens 750 Dozen of Pullets 1470 Dozen of Chicken For Bread 36400 Bushels of Wheat and for Drink 600 Tun of Wine and 1700 Tun of Beer Moreover of Butter 46640 Pounds together with Fish and Fowl Venison Fruit Spice proportionable This prodigious plenty caused Forreigners to put a higher value upon the King and caused the Natives who were there freely welcome to encrease their affection to the King it being found as necessary for the King of England this way to endear the English who ever delighted in Feasting as for the Italian Princes by Sights and Shews to endear their subjects who as much delight therein The Court of the Queen Consort of England THe Queens Court sutable to the Consort of so great a King is Splendid and Magnificent Her Majesty hath all Officers and a Houshold apart from the King for the maintenance whereof there is settled 40000 l. per annum For the Ecclesiastique Government of her Court there is first the Grand Almoner Father Howard Brother to the Duke of Norfolk He hath the superintendency over all the Ecclesiastiques belonging to the Queen The next is the Dean of the Chappel Doctor Goodwin The Third is the Treasurer of the Chappel Besides there are 4 Almoners and 4 Preachers 11 Franciscan Monks all Portuguez 6 Benedictins all English divers Persons belonging to the Musick of the Chappel to serve at the Altars Porters c. For the Civil Government of Her Majesties Court she hath a Council consisting of Persons of High Worth and Dignity whereof there are 12. 1. The Lord Vicount Cornbury her Lord Chamberlain 2. The Earl of Manchester 3. Earl of Sandwich 4. Lord Brunkard her Chancellour 5. Sir Richard Beclin her Secretary 6. Mr. Harvey Treasurer of her Houshold 7. Sir William Killigrew her Vice-Chamberlain 8. Mr. Montague her Atturney-General 9. Mr. Montague Brother to the Earl of Manchester her Sollicitor General 10. Mr. Montague Son to Lord Montague of Boughton 11. Sir Charles Harbord 12. Sir Henry Wood. Of Her Majesties Bed-Chamber are six Ladies of high rank first the Countess of Suffolk is her Groom of the Stole next are the Dutchess of Buckingham the Countesses of Castlemaine Bath Mairshal and Falmouth Her Majesty hath six Maids of Honour to wait at other times these must be all Gentlewomen unmarried over whom there is placed a Governess called The Mother of the Maids of Honour who is at present the Lady Sanderson The Maids are Mrs Cary Mrs Boynton Mrs Wells Mrs Price c. There are also 4 Dressers viz. the Ladies Scroop Freyser Killegrew and Mrs Le Guard moreover one Laundress Mrs Nun one Seamstress Mrs Chivens There are five Gentlemen Ushers of the Privy Chamber Sir William Courtney c. Five Gentlemen Ushers Daily Waiters Six Pages of the Back Stairs Eight Grooms of the Privy Chamber Two Carvers two Sewers two Cupbearers all Persons of quality Seven Gentlemen Ushers Quarter Waiters Four Pages of the Presence Master of Her Majesties Horse is Mr. Montague Son to the Lord Montague of Boughton To her Stable belong 4 Queries Persons of worth and 13 Grooms and 3 Messengers c. Of the Court of the Queen Mother THe highest Office in Her Majesties Court is that of Lord Chamberlain and Steward of Her Majesties Revenue enjoyed at present by Henry Lord Germin Earl of St. Albans whose Salary is and a Table of Dishes Monsieur Vantelet Vice-Chamberlain whose Salary is 200 l. per annum The third place is Her Majesties Chancellour enjoyed at present by Sir J. Winter Sir Henry Wood and Sir Robert Long whose Salary is and a Table of Dishes The
Willmot Earl of Rochester Henry Jermin Earl of St. Albans Edward Montague Earl of Sandwich James Butler Earl of Brecknock Edward Hyde Earl of Clarendon Arthur Capel Earl of Essex Thomas Brudnel Earl of Cardigan Anthony Annesly Earl of Anglesey John Greenvile Earl of Bath Charles Howard Earl of Carlile John Craven Earl of Craven Thomas Bruce Earl of Alisbury Richard Boyle Earl of Burlington Vicounts Leicester Devereux Vicount Hereford Francis Brown Vicount Montague James Fiennes Vicount Say and Seale Edward Conway Vicount Conway Baptist Noel Vicount Camden William Howard Vicount Stafford Thomas Bellasis Vicount Falconbridge John Mordant Vicount Mordant George Savil Vicount Halifax Barons John Nevil Lord Abergavenny James Touchet Lord Andley Charles West Lord de la Warre George Berkly Lord Berkly Thomas Parker Lord Morly and Monteagle Francis Lennard Lord Dacres Conyers Darcy Lord Darcy and Menil William Stourton Lord Stourton William Lord Sandys de la Vine Edward Vaux Lord Vaux Thomas Windsor Lord Windsor Thomas Wentworth Lord Wentworth Wingfield Cromwel Lord Cromwell George Evre Lord Evre Philip Wharton Lord Wharton Francis Willoughby Lord Willoughby of Parham William Paget Lord Paget Dudly North Lord North. William Bruges Lord Chandos William Petre Lord Petre. Dutton Gerard Lord Gerard. Charles Stanhop Lord Stanhop Henry Arundel Lord Arundel of Warder Christopher Rooper Lord Tenham Fulk Grevil Lord Brooke Edward Montague Lord Montague of Boughton Charles Lord Howard of Charlton William Grey Lord Grey of Wark John Robarts Lord Robarts John Lovelace Lord Lovelace John Pawlet Lord Pawlet William Mainard Lord Mainard Thomas Coventry Lord Coventry Edward Lord Howard of Escrick Warwick Mohun Lord Mohun William Butler Lord Butler Percy Herbert Lord Powis Edward Herbert Lord Herbert of Cherbury Francis Seymour Lord Seymour Francis Newport Lord Newport Thomas Leigh Lord Leigh of Stonelty Christopher Hatton Lord Hatton Henry Hastings L. Loughborough Richard Byron Lord Byron Richard Vaughan Lord Vaughan Charles Smith Lord Carington William Widrington Lord Widrington Humble Ward Lord Ward Thomas Lord Culpeper Isaack Astley Lord Astley Richard Boyle Lord Clifford John Lucas Lord Lucas John Bellasis Lord Bellasis Lewis Watson Lord Rockingham Charles Gerard Lord Gerard of Brandon Robert Sutton Lord Sutton of Lexinton Charles Kirkhoven Lord Wotton Marmaduke Langdale Lord Langdale William Crofts Lord Crofts John Berkley Lord Berkley Denzil Hollis Lord Hollis Frederick Cornwallis Lord Cornwallis George Booth Lord de la Mere. Horatio Townsend Lord Townsend Anthony Ashley Cooper Lord Ashley John Crew Lord Crew c. Henry Bennet Lord Arlington John Freschevile Lord Fresschevile Richard Arundel Lord Arundeâ— of Trerice Of Temporal Lords or Peer of England there are at presenâ— about 170 whereof there arâ— 10 Dukes 3 Marquisses 6â— Earls 8 Vicounts and 78 Barons whereas within 60 yearâ— last past there was not onâ— Duke but one Marquiss abouâ— 20 Earls 3 or 4 Vicounts anâ— 40 Lords The Laws and Customs of England alwayes willing that Decorum and Conveniency should be every where observed and considering the Charges and Expences appertaining to the several Degrees of Honour as they belong to Men of Principal Service to the King and Realm both in time of War and Peace expected that each of them should have a convenient Estate and Value of Lands of Inheritance for the support of their Honours and the Kings Service Therefore antiently when the intrinsique value of a Pound Sterling was worth 30 l. of our Money now every Knight was to have about 800 Acres reckoned at 20 l. yearly in Land that is about 600 l. of our Money at this day A Baron to have 13 Knights Fees and one third part which amounted to 400 l. which multiplied by 30 was as much as 8000 l. a year at this day An Earl 20 Knights Fees and a Duke 40. And in case of decay of Nobility or that they had so far wasted their Revenues that their Honours could not decently be maintained as the Roman Senators were in such case removed from the Senate so sometimes some English Barons have not been admitted to sit in the Higher House of Parliament though they kept the Name and Title of Dignity still For the better support oâ— these Degrees of Honour the King doth usually upon the Creation of a Duke Marquiss Earl or Vicount grant an Annuity or yearly Rent to them and their heirs which is so annext to the Dignity that by no Grant Assurance or any manner of Alienation can be given from the same but is still â—ncident to and a support of the same Creation contrary to that Principle in Law That every Land of Feesimple may be charged with a Rent in Fee-simple by one way or other To a Duke the King grants 40 l. heretofore a considerable Pension to a Marquiss 40 Marks to an Earl 20 l. and to a Vicount 20 Marks To Barons no such Pensions is ordinarily granted onely the late King creating Mountjoy Blount the late Earl of Newport Lord Mountjoy of Thurlston granted him a Fee of 20 Marks per annum to him and his heirs for ever As the King of England hath ever had the repute of the richest in Domaines of any King in Europe so the Nobility of England have been accounted the richest in Lands of any Neighbouring Nation some having above 20000 l. yearly others 15000 and so many of them above ten that if one with another they have 10000 l. yearly it will amount to in all amongst the 160 Lords Sixteen hundred thousand pounds a year about the ninth part of the yearly Revenue of all England which upon Computation is found to be about Fourteen Millions yearly The English Nobility for Valour Wisdome Integrity â—nd Honour hath in all former Ages been equal to any in Christendom Every Lords House was a kind of a well disciplined Court insomuch that the Gentry Males and Females were wont to be sent thither for vertuous breeding and returned excellently accomplisht At home their Table Attendance Officers Exercises Recreations Garb was an Honour to the Nation Abroad they were attended with as brave numerous and uniform Train of Servants and Followers as any â—uâ—ope not thinking it consistent with their Honours to be seen walk the Streets almost in Cuerpo with one Lackey or not that much less to be found drinking in a Tavern c. If the English Nobility by â— long continued Peace excessive Luxury in Diet want oâ— Action c. were before thâ— late Wars born more feeble in body than their Ancestors anâ— by too fine and too full Dieâ— afterwards were rendred weaker in mind and then during thâ— late troubles by much licentiousness and want of fit Education were so debauched thaâ— it was lately difficult to finâ— as some are bold to affirme the Courage Wisdom Integrity Honour Sobriety and Courtesie of the Antient Nobility yet is it not to be doubted but that under a Warlike Enterprising Prince all those Vertues of their Fore-Fathers may spring afresh especially if we consider the vicissitude
French Nation began to take Surnames with de prefixt as at this day is their usual manner The English also took to themselves Surnames but not generally by the Common People till the Raign of Edw. 2. At first for Surnames the English Gentry took the Name of their Birth-place or Habitation as Thomas of Aston or East-Town John of Sutton or South-Town and as they altered their Habitation so they altered their Surname After when they became Lords of places they called themselves Thomas Aston of Aston John Sutton of Sutton The Common People for Surnames added their Fathers Name with Son at the end thereof as Thomas Johnson Robert Richardson They also oft took their Fathers Nick Name or abbreviation with addition of s as Gibs the Nick Name or abbreviation of Gilbert Hobs of Robert Nicks of Nicholas Bates of Bartholomew Sams of Samuel and thence also Gibson Hobson Nickson Batson Samson c. Many also were surnamed from their Trade as Smith Joyner Weaver c. Or from their Office as Porter Steward Sheepheard Carter or from their Place of Abode as Atwood Atwell Athill which since are shrunk into Wood Wells Hill The Normans at their first coming into England brought Surnames for many of their Gentry with de prefixt as the French Gentry doth generally at this day and their Christian Names were generally German they being originally descended from a part of North Germany And some for about 200 years after the Conquest took for Surname their Fathers Christian Name with Fitz or Fils prefixt as Robert Fitz-William Henry Fitz-Gerard c. The Britains or Welsh more lately civilized did not take Surnames till of late years and that for the most part only by leaving out a in ap and annexing the p to their Fathers Christian Name as instead of Evan ap Rice now Evan Price so instead of ap Howel Powel ap Hughe Pughe ap Rogers Progers c. The most ancient Families and of best account for Surnames in England are either those that are taken from Places in Normandy and thereabouts in France and from some other Transmarine Countries or else from Places in England and Scotland as Devereux Seymour Nevile Montague Mohun Biron Bruges Clifford Berkley Darcy Stourton c. which antiently had all de prefixt but of later times generally neglected Of the Government of ENGLAND in general OF Governments there can be but three Kinds for either One or More or All must have the Soveragn Power of a Nation If One then it is a Monarchy If More that is an Assembly of Choice Persons then it is an Aristocracy If All that is the General Assembly of the People then it is a Democracy Of all Governments the Monarchical as most resembling the Divinity and nearest approaching to perfection unity being the perfection of all things hath ever been estemed the most excellent 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For the Transgressions of a Land many are the Princes or Rulers thereof Prov. 28. 2. Of Monarchies some are Despotical where the Subjects like Servants are at the Arbitrary Power and Will of their Soveraign as the Turks and Barbarians Others Political or Paternal where the Subject like Children under a Father are governed by equal and just Laws consented and sworn unto by the King as is done by all Christian Princes at their Coronations Of Paternal Monarchies some are Hereditary where the Crown descends either only to Heirs Male as in France or next of Blood as in Spain England c. Others Elective where upon the death of every Prince without respect had to the Heirs or next of Blood another by Solemn Election is appointed to succeed as in Poland and Hungary and till of late in Denmark and Bohemia Of Hereditary Paternal Monarchies some are dependent and holden of Earthly Potentates and are obliged to do Homage for the same as the Kingdoms of Scotland and Man that held in Capite of the Crown of England and the Kingdome of Naples holden of the Pope others independent holden only of God acknowledging no other Superiour upon Earth England is an Hereditary Paternal Monarchy governed by one Supreme Independent and Undeposable Head according to the known Laws and Customs of the Kingdom It is a Free Monarchy challenging above many other European Kingdoms a freedom from all Subjection to the Emperour or Laws of the Empire for that the Roman Emperours obtaining antiently the Dominion of this Land by force of Arms and afterwards abandoning the same the Right by the Law of Nations returned to the former Owners pro derelicto as Civilians speak It is a Monarchy free from all manner of Subjection to the Bishop of Rome and thereby from divers inconveniencies and burdens under which the neighbouring Kingdoms groan as Appeals to Rome in sundry Ecclesiastical Suits Provisions and Dispensations in several cases to be procured from thence many Tributes and Taxes paid to that Bishop c. It is a Monarchy free from all Interregnum and with it from many mischiefs whereunto Elective Kingdoms are subject England is such a Monarchy as that by the necessary subordinate Concurrence of the Lords and Commons in the making and repealing all Statutes or Acts of Parliament it hath the main advantages of an Aristocracy and of a Democracy and yet free from the disadvantages and evils of either It is such a Monarchy as by a most admirable temperament affords very much to the Industry Liberty and Happiness of the Subject and yet reserves enough for the Majesty and Prerogative of any King that will own his people as Subjects not as Slaves It is a Kingdom that of all the Kingdoms of the World is most like the Kingdom of Jesus Christs whose yoke is easie whose burden is light It is a Monarchy that without interruption hath been continued almost 1000 years and till of late without any attempts of change of that Government so that to this sort of Government the English seem to be naturally inclined and therefore during the late Bouleversations or over-turnings when all the art that the Devil or Man could imagine was industriously made use of to change this Monarchy into a Democracy this Kingdom into a Common-wealth the most and the best of English Men the general Spirit and Genius of the Nation not so much the Presbiterian or Royalist by mighty though invisible influence concurred at once to restore their exiled Soveraign and re-establish that antient Government Of the KING of ENGLAND THe King is so called from the Saxon word Koning intimating Power and Knowledge wherewith every Soveraigne should especially be invested The Title antiently of the Saxon King Edgar was Anglorum Basileus Dominus quatuor Marium viz. the British German Irish and Deucalidonian Seas and sometimes Anglorum Basileus omniumque Regum Insularum Oceanique Britanniam circumsacentis cunctarumque Nationum quae infra eum includuntur Imperator Dominus The Modern Title more modest is Dei Gratiâ of England Scotland
France and Ireland King Defender of the Faith The King only is Dei Gratiâ simply i.e. from the favour of none but God and the Archbishops and Bishops that pretend to that Title must understand Dei gratiâ Regis or Dei gratiâ voluntate Regis Defender of the Faith was antiently used by the Kings of England as appears by several Charters granted to the University of Oxford but in the year 1521 more affixt by a Bull from Pope Leo the Tenth for a Book written by Henry the Eighth against Luthers in defence of some points of the Romish Religion but since continued for defence of the Antient Catholck and Apostolick Faith Primogenitus Ecclesiae belongs to the Kings of England because their Predecessor Lucius was the first King that embraced Christianity Christianissimus was by the Lateran Council under Pope Julius the 2d conferred on the Kings of England in the 5th year of Henry 8 though now used only by the French King The Title of Grace was first given to the King about the time of H. 4. to H. 6. Excellent Grace to Ed. 4. High and Mighty Prince to Hen. 8. first Highness then Majesty and now Sacred Majesty after the Custom of the Eastern Emperours that used 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The King of England in his Publick Instruments and Letters stiles himself Nos We in the plural number before King John's time the Kings used the singular number which Custom is still seen in the end of Writs Teste meipso apuâ— Westm In speaking to the King is used often besides Your Majesty Syr from Cyr in the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an Abbreviation o◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dominus much used to the Greek Emperours but Syr or Domine iâ— now in England become the ordinary word to all of better rank even from the King to the Gentleman It was antiently in England given to Lords afterwards to Knights and to Clergymen prefixt before their Christian Names â—ow in that manner only to Baâ—onets and Knights of the Bath and Knights Batchelours yet in France Syr or Syre is reserved only for their King About the time that our Saviour lived on Earth there was a Jewish Sect whose Ring-â—eader was one Judas of Gaile mentioned Acts 5. 37. that would not give this Title of Sir or Dominus to any man affirming that it was proper only to God and stood not unlike our new Fanaticks called Quakers so perversely for such Nominal Liberty being â—n other points meer Pharisees that no penalties could force them to give this honorary Title to any man no not to the Emperour uti videre 〈◊〉 apud Josephum alios Sed hâ—â— obiter The Saxon Kings before the Conquest bare Azure a Crossâ— Formy between four Martlet Or. Afterward the Danish King raigning in England bare oâ— Semi de Harts Gules 3 Lyon Passant Gardant Azure After the Conquest the Kings of England bare two Leopards born first by the Conquerour as Duke of Normandy till the time of Hen. 2 who in right of his Mother annext her Paternal Coat the Lyon of Aquitaine which being of the same Field Mettal and Form with the Leopards â—â—om thence-forward they were â—intly marshalled in one Shield and Blazoned 3 Lyons as at â—resent King Edward the Third in â—â—ght of his Mother claiming â—he Crown of France with the Arms of England quartered the Arms of France which then were Azure Semy Flower â—eluces Or afterwards changed to 3 Flower deluces whereupon Hen. 5. of England caused the English Arms to be changed likewise King James upon the Union of England and Scotland caused the Arms of France and England to be quartered with Scotland and Ireland and are thus blazoned The King of England beareth for his Soveraign Ensigns Armorial as followeth In the first place Azure 3 Flower deluces Or for the Regal Arms of France quartered with the Imperial Ensigns of England which are Gules threâ— Lyons Passant Gardant in Palâ— Or. In the second place with in a double Tressure counter-flowered de lys Or a Lyon Rampant Gules for the Royal Arms of Scotland In the third place Azure an Irish Harp Or Stringed Argent for the Royal Ensigns of Ireland In the fourth place as in the first All within the Garter the chief Ensign of that most Honourable Order above the same an Helmet answerable to His Majesties Soveraign Jurisdiction upon the same a rich Mantle of Cloth of Gold doubled Ermine adorned with an Imperial Crown and surmounted for a Crest by a Lyon Passant Gardant Crowned with the like supported by 〈◊〉 Lyon Rampant Gardant Or Crowned as the former and an unicorn Argent Gorged with a Crown thereto a Chain affixt passing between his foreâ—egs and reflext over his back Or both standing upon a Compartment placed underneath and in the Table of the Compartment His Majesties Royal Motto Dieu mon Droit The Supporters used before the Union of England and Scotland were the Dragon and Lyon The Arms of France placed first for that France is the greater Kingdom and because from the first bearing those Flowers have been alwayes Ensigns of a Kingdom whereas the Arms of England were originally of Dukedoms as beforesaid The Motto upon the Garter Honi soit qui mal y pense that is Shame be to him that evil thereof thinketh was first given by Edward 3 the Founder of that Order upon occasion as some have written of a Garter falling from the Countess of Kent and Salisbury as she danced and taken up by that King whereat the Queen being jealous or the Courtiers observing it the King first uttered those words now upon the Garter whereof the Order was soon after instituted The Motto Dieu mon Droit that is God and my Right was first given by Richard the First to intimate that the King of England holdeth his Empire not in Vassallage of any mortal man but of God only and after taken up by Edward 3. when he first claimed the Kingdom of France King William the Conquerour getting by right of Conquest all the Lands of England except Lands belonging to the Church to Monastenies and Religious Houses into his own hands in Demesne as Lawyers speak soon bestowed amongst his Subjects aâ— great part thereof reserving some retribution of Rents and Services or both to him and his Heirs Kings of England which reservation is now as it was before the Conquest called the Tenure of Lands the rest he reserved to himself in Demesne called Coronae Regis Dominica Domaines and Sacra Patrimonia Praedium Domini Regis Directum Dominum cujus nullus est Author nisi Deus all other Lands in England being held now of some Superiour and depend mediately or immediately on the Crown but the Lands possest by the Crown being held of none can escheat to none being sacred cannot become prophane are or should be permanent and inalienable Which Royal Domaines are by Time the Gift and Bounty of
are 2 Clerks of the Avery or Avenry One Clerk of the Stable Three Surveyors 2 Gentlemen Riders 4 Yeomen Riders 4 Coachmen 8 Littermen a Sergeant of the Carriage 2 Sadlers a Squire Sadler and a Yeoman Sadler a Yeoman of the Stirrup 4 Yeomen Purveyors 4 Yeomen Granators a Sergeant Farrier 4 Yeomen Farriers a Yeoman of the Male a Yeoman Peckman a Yeoman Bilmaker a Yeoman of the Close Cart Sixty four Grooms of the Stable 26 Footmen in Liveries to run by the Kings Horse There is besides some other Officers not here named an Antient Officer in the Kings Houshold called Clerk of the Mercat who within the Verge of the Kings Houshold is to keep a Standard of all Weights and Measures and to burn all false Weights and Measures and from the Pattern of this Standard are to be taken all the Weights and Measures of the Kingdom There are divers other Offices belonging to the King of great importance which are not subordinate to any of the 3 fore-mentioned Great Officers as Master of the Great Wardrobe Master of the Ordnance Warden of the Mint c. and above all for profit is the Office of Post-Master settled by Act of Parliament on the Duke of York and worth about 20000 l. yearly but managed by the order and oversight of His Majesties Principal Secretaries of State who also are Principal Domestiques of the King of whom a farther account shall be given in the Chapter of the Kings Privy Council Master of the Robes is Laurence Hyde Esquire second Son to the late Lord Chancellour whose Office is to have in Custody all His Majesties Robes as those of Coronation of St. Georges Feast and of Parliament also the Custody of all His Majesties Wearing Apparel and of his Collar of Esses Georges and Garters beset with Diamonds Pearls c. Of this Office there is one Master 2 Yeomen 4 Grooms 3 Pages c. In the Court of King James there were many more Offices and to many Offices there belonged many more persons which King Charles the first much lessened and the present King now raigning hath yet lessened much more Of the Military Government in the Kings Court. AS in a Kingdome because Civil Governours proposing Temporal and Ecclesiastical Governours Eternal Rewards and Punishments are not sufficient to secure Peace therefore a Military force is alwayes in readiness so in the Kings Court besides Civil and Ecclesiastical Officers it is thought necessary alwayes to have in readiness Military Officers and Souldiers to preserve the Kings Person whereupon depends the Peace and Safety of all his Subjects Belonging peculiarly to the Kings Court besides above 4000 Foot and above 500 Horse who are alwayes in Pay and readiness to assist upon any occasion there are Guards of Horse and Foot The Horse Guard which the French call Garde du Corps the Germans Lieb Guardy we corruptly Life Gard that is the Gard of the Kings Body hath consisted of 500 Horsemen all or most Gentlemen and old Officers commanded by the Captain of the Guard now James Duke of Monmouth whose Pay is 30 s. a day and each Horseman 4 s. a day These Horse have been divided into Three Parts whereof 200 under the immediate Command of the Captain of the Guard 150 under Monsieur le Marquis de Blancfort and 150 under Sir Philip Howard whose Pay to each is 20 s. a day Under the Captain of the Guard are four Lieutenants Sir Thomas Sandis Sir Gilbert Gerard Major General Egerton and Sir George Hambleton the Cornet is Mr. Stanly Brother to the Earl of Derby also four Brigadeers The Office of the Captain of the Life Guard is at all times of War or Peace to wait upon the Kings Person as oft as he rides abroad with a considerable number of Horsemen well armed and prepared against all dangers whatsoever At home within the Kings House it is thought fit that the Kings Person should have a Guard both above and below Stairs In the Presence Chamber therefore wait the Gentlemen Pensioners carrying Pole-axes there are 50 who are usually Knights or Gentlemen of good Quality and Families their Office is to attend the Kings Person to and from his Chappel only as far as the Privy Chamber also in all other Solemnities their yearly Fee is 100 l. to each Over these there is a Captain usually some Nobleman at present the Lord Bellassis whose Fee is 200 l. yearly a Lieutenant Sir John Bennet his Fee 66 l. 13 s. 4 d. a Standard-Bearer Fee 100 l. a Pay-masters Fee 50 l. and a Clerk of the Check Again in the first Room above Stairs called the Guard-Chamber attend the Yeomen of the Guard whereof there are 250 men of the best quality under Gentry and of larger Stature wearing Red Coats after an Antient Mode bearing Halberds at home and Half-Pikes in Progress and alwayes wearing a large Sword Their Pay is daily 2 s. 6 d. Their Captain the Lord Grandison The Kings Palace Royal ratione Regiae Dignitatis is exempted from all Jurisdiction of any Court Civil or Ecclesiastical but only to the Lord Steward and in his absence to the Treasurer and Comptroller of the Kings Houshold with the Steward of the Marshalsey who may by vertue of their Office without Commission hear and determine all Treasons Felonies Breaches of the Peace committed within the Kings Court or Palace The Kings Court or House where the King resideth is accounted a place so sacred that if any man presume to strike another within the Palace where the Kings Royal Person resideth and by such stroke only draw blood his right hand shall be stricken off and he committed to perpetual prison and fined By the Antient Laws of England only striking in the Kings Court was punisht with death and loss of goods To make the deeper impression and terrour into mens minds for striking in the Kings Court it hath been ordered that the Punishment for striking should be executed with great Solemnity and Ceremony in brief thus The Sergeant of the Kings Woodyard brings to the place of execution a square Block a Beetle Staple and Cords to fasten the hand thereto the Yeoman of the Scullery provides a great fire of Coals by the Block wherein the Searing Irons brought by the Chief Farrier are to be ready for the Chief Surgeon to use Vinegar and Cold Water brought by the Groom of the Saucery the Chief Officers also of the Cellar and Pantry are to be ready one with a Cup of Red Wine and the other with a Manchet to offer the Criminal after the Hand cut off and the Stump seared The Sergeant of the Ewry is to bring linnen to wind about and wrap the Arm. The Yeoman of the Poultry a Cock to lay to it the Yeoman of the Chandry seared Clothes the Master Cook a sharp Dresser Knife which at the place of Execution is to be held upright by the Sergeant of the Larder till Execution be performed by an Officer appointed thereto
are to be tryâ—d by their Peers who are Baâ—ns and none under notâ—ithstanding the late conceit of â—ome Lawyers that because Bishops may not be on the Criminal Trial of a Peer thereâ—ore are not to be tried by â—eers for so neither may Bishops be tried by a Common â—ury Because they may not â—e on the Trial of such men Moreover Noble-women may â—ot be on the Trial of Peers â—nd yet they are to be tried by Peers of the Realm And there is no Legal Precedent 〈◊〉 England of a Bishop remaining a Bishop that ever was tried for his life but by Peers of thâ— Realm Antiently indeed Bishops were so ecempted as noâ— at all to be tried by Temporâ—â— Judges till after deprivatioâ— and degradation and then being thereby rendred no Peers but common Persons theâ— might be tried by Common Juries Since the Reformation thâ— English Protestant Bishopâ— have been so constantly loyaâ— and true to the Crown 〈◊〉 which they are so much mâ—ligned by Non-Conformists and so free from all Capitaâ— Crimes that there is yet 〈◊〉 Precedent in England for theiâ— manner of Trial for Life A◠〈◊〉 that Common Assertion â—hat no Lords of Parliament 〈◊〉 to be tried by their Peers 〈◊〉 such as sit there Ratione â—obilitatis and that all Lay â—ords have place in Parliament 〈◊〉 that reason it is not onâ—â— false but frivolous in the â—â—dgement of very many judiâ—â—ous men And indeed how â—â—urd and unreasonable must it â—â—eds be let all men judge â—â—at an Archbishop of Canterâ—â—ry who is by all acknowâ—â—dged to be Primus Par Regâ—â— should be tried by a Comâ—on Jury of Freeholders â—â—en as the meanest Lay Baâ—â— though created but yeâ—â—â—rday may not be tried by aâ—â— under Barons In Parliament Bishops as Baâ—â—as may be present and vote at the Trial and Arraignment 〈◊〉 a Peer of the Realm only bâ—fore Sentence of Death or loâ—â— of Member be pronounced that they may have no hand 〈◊〉 blood no hand in destroying but only in saving they havâ— by Canon Law the Priviledâ—â— and Injunction to absent themselves and by Common Laâ— to make Proxies to vote for them Primo Eliz. cap. 2. It is expresly declared that all Lords 〈◊〉 Parliament without any exception of Lords Spiritual 〈◊〉 should be tried in that particular by their Peers The Bishops of England enjoy at this day many other Priviledges as freedom from Arrests Outlawries Distress pâ—â— Equitaturam or in a Journey Liberty to hunt in any of the Kings Forrests or Parks to kill one or two Deer going from or coming to the King upon his Order The Persons of Bishops may not be seised upon Contempt as the Persons of Lay Lords but their Temporalities only may be seised Every Bishop may by Statute Law qualifie as many Chaplains as a Duke viz. six The Laws of England attributeth so very much to the Word of a Bishop that not only in the Trial of Bastardy the Bishops Certificate shall suffice but also in Trial of Heresie which toucheth a mans Life upon the Bishops bare Certificate that any hath been convicted before him of Heresie the Secular Power puts him to death without any trial by his Peers The Persons the Spiritual Governours of the Church of England are of such high and tender respect in the eye of the Law that it is thought fit to exact the same respect from a Clergyman to his Bishop or Ordinary as from a Child to his Father and therefore made the Offences of Parricide and Episcopicide equal viz. both Petty Treason Next to the two Archbishops of England the Bishop of London amongst all the Bishops hath the pre-eminence Episcopus Londinensis saith an ancient Record speciali quadam Dignitate caeteris anteponendus quia Ecclesiae Cantuariensis Decanus est Provincialis Being Bishop over the Imperial and Capital City of England it is by a Statute of later times expresly provided that he should have the preference and precedence of all the Bishops of England whereby he is become as heretofore the Lord Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem Primus Baro Regni as the Lord Abergavenny is Primus Baronum Laicorum Next amongst those of the Episcopal Colledge is the Bishop of Durham within the Province of York who hath been a Count Palatine 6 or 700 years wherefore the Common Seal of the Bishoprick hath been of a long time an Armed Knight holding in one hand a naked Sword and in the other a Church In the fifth place by vertue of the fore-mentioned Statute is the Bishop of Winchester reputed antiently Earl of Southampton and so stiled in the Statutes of the Honourable Order of the Garter by Hen. 8. though soon after that Earldome was otherwise disposed of After these afore-named all the other Bishops take place according to the Seniority of their Consecration unless any Bishop happen to be made Lord Chancellour Treasurer Privy Seal or Secretary of State which antiently was very usual as reputed for their Piety Learning Single Life Diligence c. far more fit for the Advantage and Service of the King and Kingdome than any Laymen and in such case a Bishop being Lord Chancellour had place next to the Archbishop of Canterbury and above the Archbishop of York and being Secretary of State had place next to the Bishop of Winchester All the Bishops of England now living take place as they are ranked in this following Catalogue Dr. Gilbert Sheldon Lord Archbishop of Canterbury consecrated Bishop of London 1660 and translated to Canterbury 1663. Dr. Richard Stern Lord Archbishop of York consecrated Bishop of Carlile 1660 and translated to York 1664. Dr. Humphrey Henchman Lord Bishop of London consecrated Bishop of Salisbury 1660 and translated to London 1663. Dr. John Cosens consecrated Bishop of Durham 1660. Dr. George Morley consecrated Bishop of Worcester 1660 and translated to Winchester 1662. Dr. William Piers Bishop of Bath and Wells consecrated 1632. Dr. Robert Skinner consecrated Bishop of Bristol 1636 then translated to Oxford 1640 and lastly to Worcester 1663. Dr. Henry King Lord Bishop of Chichester consecrated 1641. Dr. William Lucy Lord Bishop of St. Davids consecrated 1660. Dr. Benjamin Laney Lord Bishop of Ely consecrated 1660 Bishop of Peterborough thence translated to Lincoln 1663 lastly to Ely 1667. Dr. Gilbert Ironside Bishop of Bristol consecrated 1660. Dr. Edward Reynolds consecrated 1660 Bishop of Norwich he is also Abbot of St. Bennet de Hulmo the sole Abbot now remaing in England Dr. William Nicolson consecrated Bishop of Glocester 1660. Dr. John Hacket consecrated Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield 1661. Dr. Seth Ward consecrated Bishop of Exeter 1661 translated to Salisbury 1667. Dr. Herbert Crofts consecrated Bishop of Hereford 1661. Dr. Henshaw consecrated Bishop of Peterborough 1663. Dr. Rainbow consecrated Bishop of Carlile 1664. Dr. Blandford consecrated Bishop of Oxford 1665. Dr. Dolben Bishop of Rochester consecrated 1666. Dr. Davis Bishop of Landaff consecrated 1667. Dr. Fuller consecrated Bishop of Lincoln 1667. Dr.
and that by reason of their Honourable Order and Employment and also to all Bannerets made under the Kings Banner or Standard displayed in an Army Royal in open War and the King personally present Note also That if any of the Degrees of Nobility above-mentioned are descended of the Blood Royal they are to have place of all those of the same Degree with them Moreover Observe that all the Nobles of the same Degree take place according to the Seniority of their Creation There are certain Marks of State that belong to each Degree amongst the Nobility which they may practise or not practise at pleasure A Duke may have in all places out of the Kings presence a Cloth of Estate hanging down within half a yard of the ground so may his Dutchess and her Train born up by a Baron and no Earl to wash with a Duke without the Dukes pleasure A Marquiss may have a Cloth of Estate reaching within a yard of the ground and that in all places out of the presence of the King or a Duke and his Marchioness to have her Train born by a Knights Wife and no Vicount to wash with a Marquiss but at his pleasure An Earl also may have a Cloth of Estate without Pendants but only Fringe and a Countess may have her Train born by a Gentlewoman out of the presence of her Superiours and in their presence by a Gentleman A Vicount may have a Cover of Assay holden under his Cup while he drinks but no Assay taken as Dukes Marquisses and Earls may have And a Vicountess may have her Gown born up by a Woman out of the presence of her Superiours and in their presence by a Man A Baron may also have the Cover of his Cup holden underneath whilst he drinketh and a Baroness may have her Gown born up by a man in the presence of a Vicountess All Dukes eldest Sons be as Earls and the younger as Lords with the addition of their Christian Names as Lord Thomas Lord John c. A Dukes eldest Son of the Blood Royal shall take place of a Marquiss that is not and of an Earl that is of the Blood Royal. A Marquisses eldest Son is called Lord of a place and the younger Sons Lord Thomas Lord John c. A Marquisses eldest Son of the Blood Royal shall go before an Earl that is not and of a Vicount that is of the Blood Royal. An Earls eldest Son is called Lord of a place and all his Daughters Ladies but his younger Sons not Lords An Earls eldest Son of the Blood Royal takes place of a Vicount that is not and of a Lord that is of the Blood Royal. A Vicounts eldest Son is no Lord nor his Daughters Ladies and therefore the eldest Son and the eldest Daughter of the first Vicount of England is said to be the first Gentleman and Gentlewoman without Title in England A Vicounts eldest Son of the Blood Royal takes place of all Barons The Princes of the Blood the Great Officers of the Realm and the Bishops are to precede according to an Act of Parliament 31 H. 8. The Lord Chancellour Lord Treasurer Lord President of the Kings Council Lord Privy Seal These being Barons or above shall in Parliament sit above all Dukes except the Son Brother Grand-Child or Nephew of the King The Lord High Steward of England is not here named because it was intended that he should not continue beyond the occasion for which he should be made Next hath place the Lord Great Chamberlain of England then the Lord High Constable the Earl Marshal the Lord High Admiral Lord Steward of the Kings Houshold Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshold These shall sit after the Lord Privy Seal above all of their Degree only And if the Kings Principal Secretary be a Baron he takes place of all Barons that are not of the Offices before mentioned but if he be a Vicount or higher Degree he shall take place only according to his Degree Also if the Kings Secretary be a Bishop as antiently was usual he takes place next to the Bishop of Winchester of all other Bishops that have none of the Offices aforesaid All Dukes Marquisses Earls Vicounts and Barons not having any of the said Offices shall take place according to the antiently of their Creation All Dukes eldest Sons have the Title of Earls and the eldest Son of an Earl hath the Title of the Earls Barony and sometimes of the Vicountry according to the Patent A Catalogue of the Peers of England according to their Precedence Dukes of the Royal Blood JAMES Duke of York and Albany Earl of Ulster Lord High Admiral of England the Kings only Brother Rupert Duke of Cumberland and Earl of Holderness Edgar Duke of Cambridge The Lord Chancellour or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal the Lord Treasurer and the Lord Privy Seal take place before all Dukes not of the Blood Royal. Dukes Thomas Howard Duke of Norfolk William Seymour Duke of Somerset George Villars Duke of Buckingham Charles Stuart Duke of Richmond George Monk Duke of Albemarle James Scot Duke of Monmouth William Cavendish Duke of Newcastle Marquisses John Pawlet Marquiss of Winchester Edward Somerset Marquiss of Worcester Henry Pierrepont Marquiss of Dorchester Earls These three take place in respect of their Offices Bertue Earl of Lindsay Lord High Chamberlain of England James Butler Earl of Brecknock Lord Steward of the Kings Houshold Edward Montague Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshold Earls Awbrey de Vere Earl of Oxford Algernon Percy Earl of Northumberland Francis Talbot Earl of Shrewsbury Anthony Grey Earl of Kent Charles Stanley Earl of Derby John Mannours Earl of Rutland Theophilus Hastings Earl of Huntingdon William Russel Earl of Bedford Philip Herbert Earl of Pembroke Theophilus Clinton Earl of Lincoln Charles Howard Earl of Nottingham James Howard Earl of Suffolk Richard Sacvile Earl of Dorset William Cecil Earl of Salisbury John Cecil Earl of Exeter John Edgerton Earl of Bridgewater Robert Sydney Earl of Leicester James Compton Earl of Northampton Charles Rich Earl of Warwick William Cavendish Earl of Devonshire Basil Fielding Earl of Denbigh George Digby Earl of Bristol Lionel Cranfield Earl of Middlesex Henry Rich Earl of Holland John Hollis Earl of Clare Oliver St. John Earl of Bullingbroke Mildmay Fane Earl of Westmorland Montague Earl of Manchester Thomas Howard Earl of Berkshire Thomas Wentworth Earl of Cleveland Edward Sheffield Earl of Mulgrave Thomas Savage Earl Rivers Bertue Earl of Lindsay Nicolas Knowles Earl of Banbury Henry Cary Earl of Dover Henry Mordant Earl of Peterborough Henry Grey Earl of Stamford Henage Finch Earl of Winchelsey Charles Dormer Earl of Caernarvon Montjoy Blunt Earl of Newport Philip Stanhop Earl of Chesterfield John Tufton Earl of Thanet William Wentworth Earl of Strafford Robert Spenser Earl of Sunderland James Savil Earl of Sussex George Goring Earl of Norwich Nicholas Leak Earl of Scarsdale John