Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
lord_n	john_n	robert_n	sir_n	95,046	5	7.1389	4	true

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09164	The expedicion into Scotla[n]de of the most woorthely fortunate prince Edward, Duke of Soomerset, vncle vnto our most noble souereign lord ye ki[n]ges Maiestie Edvvard the. VI. goouernour of hys hyghnes persone, and protectour of hys graces realmes, dominions [and] subiectes made in the first yere of his Maiesties most prosperous reign, and set out by way of diarie, by W. Patten Londoner.	Patten, William, fl. 1548-1580.	1548 (1548)	STC 19476.5; ESTC S114184	77,214	314

myte from vs the whyche chardge Master Uane dyd so earnestly applye as he was thear wyth his number before .vi but the Larde whither he was warned thearof by priuie skout or spie he was passed by an oother waye and was soon after .vii. with my Lordes grace in the caÌ„pe master Uane was welcuÌ„med and hauing no resistaunce made but al submitted proffer of chere for so had the lorde charged his wyfe to doe soon after he retourned to the campe This day my lordes grace was certefied by letter from my lorde Clynton and sir Andrew Dudley that on the wednesday last beyng the .xxi. of this mooÌ„th after certein of their shott discharged against the castell of Browghty Crak thesame was yeldyn vnto them the whiche sir Andrew dyd then enter and after kepe as captain Wedynsday the .xxviiii. of september Â¶ A Skottysh heraulde accumpanied with certein FreÌ„chmen that wear perchaunce more desierous to marke our armie then to wit of our welfare cam and declared from their couÌ„sell the within a seuenight after their commissioners to whoom my lords grace had before graunted his safecundet shoold cum commune with our counsel at Berwyk whose cuÌ„ming my lorde LieutenauÌ„t master Treasurer thoother of our commissioners did so long while there abyde But these Skottes as men that ar neuer so iuste and in nothing so true as in breache of promys and vsyng vntruth neither cam nor by like ment to cuÌ„ And yet sure take I this no fetch of no fine deuise oÌ„les thei mean hereby to wyn that thei shal nede neuer after to promys vsyng the feate of Arnus In EpigraÌ„ Morâ— who with his all weys swearyng and his euer liyng at last obteined that his bare woorde was as much in credyt as his solemn oth but his solemn oth indeede no more then an impudent lye Howbeit since I am certeyn that sundry of them haue shewed themselues right honest I woold be loth here to be couÌ„ted so vnaduised as to arret the fautes of many to the infamie of al. It was sayde amoong vs they had in the meane tyme receyued letters of consolacion and of many gay offers from the French kyng yet had that bene no cause to haue broken promys with the couÌ„sel of a Ream Howbeit as these letters wear to theÌ„ but an vnprofitable plaster to heale their hurt then so ar thei full likly if thei trust much therin to fynd theÌ„ a corzey that will freate them a nue sore Â¶ My lords grace consideryng that of vertue and welldooyng the proper mede is honour Aswell thearfore for rewarde to them that had afore doon well as for cause of encoorage to oother then after to doo the lyke dyd this daye after noon adourne many Lordes knyghtes and gentlemen with dignitees as folowe The names and promotioÌ„s of whooÌ„ I haue here set in order as they wear placed in the herauldes book Sir Rafe Sadlier Banereis Treasurer Sir Fraunces Bryan Capteyn of the light horsmen Sir Rafe Uane LieutenauÌ„t of all the horsmen These knightes wear made Banerettes a dignitie abooue a knight and next to a Baron whose acts I haue partly touched in the story before Knightes â–ª The lord Grace of Wylton high Marshall The lord Edward Seimor my lordes graces sun Of these the reder shal also fynde before The lord Thomas Haward The lord Walldyke Sir Thomas Dacres Sir Edward Hastyng Sir Edmund Brydges Sir IhoÌ„ Thinne my lords graces Stuard of howshold Sir Miles Partrich Sir Ihon Conwey Sir Giles Poole Sir Rafe Bagnolle Sir Oliuer Laurence Sir Henry Gates Sir Thomas Chaloner one of the Clerks of the kyngs maiesties priuie couÌ„sel and in this armie as I mought call him chefe secretarie who with his great peyns and expedite diligeÌ„ce in dispatch of things passyng from my lords grace and the couÌ„sel thear did make that his merite was not with the meanest Sir Fraunces Flemmynge master of thordinaunce thear a gentlemaÌ„ whoom long exercise good obseruaunce hath made in that feate right perfit whear vnto in this viage he ioyned so mooch hede and diligence as it was well found how much his seruice did stede Sir Ihon Gresham Sir William Skipwyth Sir Ihon Buttes Sir George Blaag Sir William Frauncis Sir Fraunces Knolles Sir William Thorborow Sir George Haward Sir Iames Wylforde Sir Rauf Coppinger But that I haue writteÌ„ in the storie before with what forward hardines Sir George haward did bear the kings maiestie staÌ„derd in the battail thear also of the industrious peyn of sir Iames Wilford how sir Rauf CoppiÌ„ger did aied not smally in saufgard of the standard of our horsmen I woolde haue bene more diligent to haue rehersed it here Sir Thomas WeÌ„twoorth Sir Ihon Maruen Sir NychaÌ„s Straunge Yet knightes Sir Charles Sturton Sir Hugh Askue Sir Frauncis Salmyn Sir Richard Tounley Sir Marmaduke CuÌ„stable Sir George Awdeley Sir Ihon Holcroft Sir Ihon Soutwoorth Sir Thomas Danby Sir Ihon Talbott Sir Rowland Clerk Sir Ihon Horsely Sir Iohn Forster Sir Christofer Dies iii. spaniards Sir Peter Negroo Sir Alonzo de vile Sir Henry Hussey Sir Iames Granado Sir Water Bonham Sir Robert BraÌ„dling mayr of new castell and made knight thear at my lordes graces retourne As it is not to be douted but right many mo in the armie beside these did also well and valiauntly quite them Although their prefermente was rather then differred then their deserts yet to forgotten euen so amoÌ„g these wear thear right many the knowledge of whose actes and demerytes I coold not cuÌ„ by And yet woold haue no man no more to doubt of the worthines of their aduauncemeÌ„t then they ar certein of his circuÌ„spectioÌ„ and wisedome who preferd them to it Whearupon all meÌ„ may safely thus far foorth without offence presume that his grace vnworthely bestowed this honour on no man By this day as Rokesborowe was sufficiently made tenable and defensible that whiche to see my lordes grace semed half to haue vowed before he woold thence departe his grace and the counsell did first determine that my lord Gray shoold remayne vpoÌ„ the borders thear as the kynges maiesties Lieutenaunt And then took ordre for the forts that sir Andrew Dudley Captein of Broughty Crak had leaft with hym CC. soldiours of hakbutters and oother and a sufficient number of pyoners for his works Sir Edwarde Dudley Captain of Hume castell lx hakbutters .xl. horsemeÌ„ and a C. pioners Sir Rafe Bulmer captain of Rokesborowe CCC souldyours of hakbutters oother CC. pioners Thursday the xxix of september being Mighelmas day Â¶ As thinges wear thus concluded warnyng gyuen ouer night that our caÌ„pe shoold this day dissolue euery man fell to pakkyng a pace my Lordes grace this morening soon after vii of the clok was passed ouer the Twede here The best place whearof for gettiÌ„g ouer whych was ouer against the west ende of our caÌ„p and not farr from the brokeÌ„ atches of the brokeÌ„ bridge was yet

thing as most hartely for my part I dayly wysh for so haue I good hope shortly to see and herewith betake you to God But now to retourne out of my disgressioÌ„ for though I haue bene long a talkynge to my cuntrymeÌ„ abrode in the North yet wear I loth to seme to forget my frendes at home in the South And fare lyke the diligent seruaunte that walkes so earnestly on hys masters erraund that in the myddes of his wey forgets whither he goeth Howebeit I might well perchaunce thinke it euen here hye tyme to leaue wear it not that since I am in hande to vtter in this case what I know nooseld of my nurce neuer too be spare of spech though I be but a bad euaÌ„gelist yet wil I leaue as few vnwritteÌ„ verites as I caÌ„ As my lordes grace my lord of Warwyke thother estates of the couÌ„sail thear with the rest of the dignite of th armie did at our settiÌ„g outward tarry a few daies at Barwike the wel appointing of the noble meÌ„ for their boÌ„des of the knyghtes gentilmeÌ„ for theÌ„ selues seruauÌ„tes I meane specially of the horsmeÌ„ which though but at moustres was neuer shewed of purpose yet coolde it not at that tyme be hyd but be bright apparaÌ„t in euery maÌ„s eye was if I can ought iudge I assure you for the goodly nuÌ„ber of the likely men redy horses for their perfit appointmeÌ„t of sure armour weapoÌ„ apparail their suÌ„ptuous sutes of liuerers beside wherof I must of dutie if I muste of dutie sai truthe most woorthely prefer and geue the chefest pryce and prayle too my lorde Protectours graces trayne to my lord of Warwykes was I say so generally such and so well furnished that both theyr dutie toward their prince their looue toward their countrey to the rulers wear thear hereto thauÌ„cieÌ„t English courage and prowes might haue easly in this assemble bene viewed Men goyng out neuer better at any tyme in all poyntes appoynted neuer better besene wyth more courage and gladder wyll whearof wyth spede for no doubt our enemies had factours at thys marte among vs though as wisedome was they dyd not openly occupye the Scottes had soone knowledge And as they are mery men and feat iesters hardely they sayde as we hard that we weare very gay and came by lyke a wooynge the whyche though they spake drylie more too tant the sumpte of oure show then to seme to know the cause of oure cummynge yet sayde they thearin more truly then they woolde kyndely consyder for in dede euen as they wear acertayned by my lordes graces Proclamacion aswell at and before oure entrie into their couÌ„trey that the cause of our cummynge then was nothynge els but touchynge the perfourmaunce of coouenauntes on bothe sydes about thys mariage that had bene before tyme on both sides agreed vppon whiche should be greatly for the wealthes of vs bothe not to make war sure nor ones to be enemie but onely to such as should appere to be the hinderars of so Godly and honorable a purpose euen so accordynge too the promes of the Proclamacion neyther force nor fyer was vsed wyttyngly agaynste ony oother durynge all oure tyme of abode in the countrey howebeit the truthe was soo that hauynge doubt of the warste it was wysely consulted so to go to commune wyth theim as frendes as neuerthelesse if nedes they woolde we myght be able too mete them as foes the which thinge proued after not the wurst point of pollecye But what a maruaylous vnkynd people wear they that whear we came as wooers cumme not ootherwyse but for good looue and quyet they to rceyue vs wyth hatred and war It was too muche vngentlenes and inhumanitee sure in such a case too be shewed Yet since that we so quyt theym their kindnes and departed so litle in their det let vs bear sumwhat wyth them Mary I wotte they wear not all soo well content wyth the paymeÌ„t For the Erle Huntley a gentlemaÌ„ of a great sobriete and very good wit as by hys very presence is halfe vttred beynge askt of a man of estate wyth vs by wey of communicacion as I hard how he bare hys affeccion toward the ioyninge of the two Princes In gude fayth quod he I wade it sud gea furth and hand well wyth the mariage but I lyke not thys wooynge But now least I may worthely be doubted by the plot of my Prologe to haue made the foorme of my booke * Thear is a tale indede beside the Bible that sainct Peter hauinge gotteÌ„ leaue of our Lord too make a man made one first wyth a very great hed theÌ„ with an exceding litle neck and so forthe with such inequalitee of proportion lyke the proportion of sainct Peters man I will here leaue of further proces of Preface and fall to the matter FINIS CERtayn noble men and other beynge speciall officers in thys expedicion THe duke of Somerset my lord Protectors grace general of the armie And Capitayn of the battaile hauing in it iiii M. fotemen The erle of Warwyke lord LieuetenauÌ„t of the armie and hauyng the foreward of .iii. M footemen The lorde Dacres the rerewarde of .iii. M. footemen The lorde Gray of Wylton lorde lieuetenaunt of Bolleyn hygh Marshall of the armie and Capitayn general of al the horsmen there Syr Raufe Sadleyr knight Treasaurer of the armye Syr Fraunces Bryan knight Capitayn of the light horsemen beynge in number .ii. M. Syr Raufe Uane knight LieuetenauÌ„t of all the men of armes and dimilauÌ„ces beyng in number .iiii. M. Syr Thomas Darcy knight Capitayn of all the kynges Maiestie peÌ„cioners meÌ„ of armes Syr Rycharde Lee knighte deuisour of the fortifications to be made Syr Peter Mewtus knight Capitayne of all the hakbutters a foote beyng in number .vi. C. Syr Peter Gamboa knight Spaniarde Capitayne of .ii. C. hakebutters on horsebacke Syr Fraunces FleÌ„mynge knight master of the ordinaunce Syr Iames Wilforde knighte Prouost Marshall Syr George Blaag and Syr Thomas Holcroft Commissioners of the mousters Edwarde Shelley my lord Grays Lieuetenannt of the men of armes of Bulleyn Ihon Bren Capitayne of the Pioners beynge .xiiii. C. Officers vpon the sea Â¶ The lorde Clynton lorde Admirall of the flete whiche was of .lxv. vessels whereof the Galley and .xxxiiii. mo good shippes wear perfitly appoynted for warre â–ª and the residue for cariage of municion and vitaile Syr William Woodhouse knight hys Uiceadmirall Thear were in the th armie of great ordinaunce drawen foorth wyth vs by horse .xv. peces And of Cariages .ix. C. cartes besyde many waggens THE Story and proces of the iourney MY lorde Protectours grace Saterday the xxvii of August whome neyther the length nor werines of the way did any whit let spedely to further that he had deliberately taken in hande riding all the way froÌ„ LondoÌ„ his own person in post accompanied wyth my lorde Marshall and syr Fraunces

Bryan was met a .vi. mile on thys syde Newecastell by my lorde Lieuetenaunt and Master Treasurer who for the more spedie dispatch of thinges were comen to toune there .iij. or .iiij days before and all the nobles Knightes Capitaynes of the armye on horsebacke attendiÌ„g vpoÌ„ them And commyng thus to toune my lordes grace was honorably for the dignitie of the place with gonshot presence of the Mayer Aldermen and commoners there aboute iij. of the clocke in the afternone receyued and welcommed lay at the house of one Peeter Ryddell Thys daye mornyng in the feldes of the Northeast syde of the towne Sundaye the the .xxviii. of August mouÌ„ster was made of suche dimie launces lighte horsemen as were comen wher at my lordes grace was hymself my lorde LieuetenauÌ„t other of the couÌ„sail of the army In the after none came the lord of MangiertoÌ„ with a .xl. Scottish gentelmen of the east borders and presented them selfes to my lorde at hys lodgynge whome hys grace did gentlye accept It would not be forgotten it were but for ensamples sake how a newe paire of gallowes were set vp in the market place and a souldior haÌ„ged for quarellyng and fightyng All Capitaynes with theyr bandes that had ben mouÌ„stred Mondaye the xxix of August were commaunded forwarde My lordes grace himself dyd early also theÌ„ depart the toune dyned at Morpeth .xij. mile on the waye and lay that night in Anwyke Castell with syr Robert bowes knight lord Warden of the middle marches beyng .xii. mile further Where there neyther lact anye store of geastes or of good chere to welcumme them with In the prouision wherof a maÌ„ myght note great cost and diligence and in the spending a liberal hart Tuisdaye the xxx of August This day his grace hauing iourneyed in the mornyng a .x. mile dyned at Bamborow Castell wherof one syr Ihon horsley knighte is Capitayne Bamborowe Castell The plot of this Castell standeth so naturally strong that hardly can any where in my opinion be founde the lyke inaccessible on all sydes aswell for the great heighte of the crag whereon it standeth as also for the outward foorm of the stone whereof the crag is which not much amis perchaunce I maye lyken to the shape of long bauens stoÌ„dynge an ende with their sharper and smaller endes vpward Thus is it fenced round about and hath hereto on the eastsyde the sea at flud cummyng vp to the harde walles This Castell is very auncient and called in Artures days as I haue hard Ioyous garde hither came my lorde ClyntoÌ„ from â–ª shipboorde to my lorde In the afternone hys grace rode too Berwycke xiiii mile further and thear receyued with the Captains garrisons and with the officers of the toun lay in the Castel with syr Nicholas Strelley knight the Capitayn thear Muche part of this day his grace occupied in coÌ„sultacion Wednisdaye the last of August about ordres and matters touchyng this voyage and armie This day to th entent we moughte saue the stoore of the vitaile we caryed with vs in the armie by carte to besure rather amonge vs to haue somwhat to much then ony whit to litle as also that we should not nede to trouble oure ships for vitaile till we came to the place by my lordes grace appointed euery maÌ„ of the armye vpoÌ„ generall coÌ„maundement made priuate prouision for himselfe for .iiii. dayes vitayle Thursday the first of September Hys grace not with many mo then his awn bande of horsmen roade too a towne in the Scottishe borders standynge vpon the sea coaste a .vi. mile frome Berwycke and is called Aymouth Aymouth whereat there runneth a riuer into the sea the whiche he caused to bee sounded perceyuyng then thesame well to be able to serue for a hauen hath caused since their buyldiÌ„g to be made whereof both Master and Capitayn is Thomas Gower Marshal of Berwyke Upon commaundement generally geuen by sound of truÌ„pet Fryday the .ii of SepteÌ„ber all sauing the counsayl departed the toune and encaÌ„ped a .ii. flightshottes of vpon the sea syde and towarde Scotlande This day my lorde Clynton with his flete toke the seas froÌ„ Berwyke towarde Scotlande and herefore the rather that thoughe they mighte not haue alwayes wynde at will to kepe their course still with vs yet it wear but with the driuynge of tydes they might vpon any our nede of municioÌ„ or vitaile not long be from vs. My lorde LieuetenauÌ„t and master Treasurer who remayned at Newcastell after my lordes grace for the full dispatch of the rest of the armie came this daye to Berwyke Saterday the iii. of September My lorde Lieuetenaunt froÌ„ out of the toune did campe in felde with the armie To th enteÌ„t the excuse of ignoraunce eyther of the cause of my lordes graces cumming or of his goodnes to suche of the Scottes as shoulde shewe theÌ„ selfes to fauour thesame cummynge might quite bee taken from them his graces Proclamacion wherof they could not but here was openly pronouÌ„ced by Heraulde after sounde of trumpet in .iii. seuerall places of our Campe. Beside the mere matter of this iorney I haue here to touche a thing whiche seme it neuer so light to other yet of more weight to me then to be lette passe vnspoken of In the morning of this day my lordes grace walking vpoÌ„ the Rampere of the tounewalles on the syde towarde Scotlande did tel I remembre My lordes graces dream that not many nightes before he dreamt he was comen backe agayn to the Courte whear the kynges Maiestie did hartely welcume hym home and euery estate els But yet him thought he had done nothinge at all in this voyage Whiche when he coÌ„sidered with the kynges highnes great costes and the great trauaile of the great men and souldiours and al to haue ben done in vayne the very care shamefaste abashement of the thinge dyd waken hym out of hys dream What opinion might we conceiue of his thoughtes wakyng that euen dreaming was moued with so pensyfe a regarde of his charge towarde his prince and with so humain a thought toward all men els Howbeit my mynde is rather to note the Pronosticacion and former aduertence of his future successe in this hys enterprise the which I take it was hereby then moste certaynly shewed him althoughe of righte fewe or rather of none thesame so taken That if for ensample like to this I should reherse to you out of the olde Testament Gene. xli how the seuen plentifull yeres and the seuen yeres of famyn in Egipt were plainly signified afore to Pharao by hys dreams of seuen fat oxen and seueÌ„ full eares of corne and by vii leane Oxen that deuoured the fat and .vii. withered eares consuming the full eares Iustini li. i. And hereto oute of prophane aucthors how Astyages kynge of Medians was many a day before admonished that he shoulde be ouercommen by

Marshal the other with present mynde courage waerely and quikly continued their coorse towarde theÌ„ And my lordes grace then at his place by thordinauÌ„ce aloft The enemies were in a fallowe felde wherof the furrowes lay sydelyng towarde our men by the syde of thesame furrowes next vs and a stones cast from them was thear a crosdich or slough which our meÌ„ must nedes pas to cum to theÌ„ whearin many that could not leap ouer stack fast to no small daunger of theim selues and sum disorder of their fellowes The enemies perceiuing our men faste approche disposed themselues to abyde the brunt and in this order stood still to receyue theÌ„ The erle of Anguish next vs in their forewarde as Capitayn of the same with an .viii. M. iiii or .v. peces of ordinaunce on hys right syde and a .iiii. C horsemen on hys lefte Behind him sumwhat Westwarde the gouernour with a .x. M. inloÌ„d men as they call them the choysest men counted of their coÌ„tre And the erle Huntley in the rerewarde wellnie euen with the battaile on the left syde with .viii M. also The iiii.m Irish Archers as a wyng to them both last indede in order first as they sayd that raÌ„ a way These battaile rereward wear warded also with their ordinaunce accordinge Edward Shelley Lieutenaunt vnder my lorde Gray of hys bande of Bulleners was the first on our syde that was ouer this slough my lord Gray next and so then after two or thre raÌ„kes of the former bandes But badly yet coolde they make their race by reason the furrowes laye trauers to their course That notwithstondynge and thoughe also thei wear nothynge likely well to bee able thus a frunt to cum within them to hurt them aswell because the Scottishmens pykes wear as longe or leÌ„ger then their staues as also for that their horses wear all naked without barbes wherof Â¶ The exposicioÌ„ of the letters of this table A. Signifieth the place we camped in before the battaile B. Our rerewarde C. Our battaile D. Our forewarde E. The square close F. The foot of the hylles syde G. My lorde Protectours grace H. The master of the ordinaunce I. Our horsmen K. The slough L. The lane and the .ii. turf walles M. Their forewarde horsmeÌ„ by the same N. Their battaile O. Their rerewarde PP The .ii. hillockes before the church Q. Saint Mighels of vndreske R. Muskelborowe S. Their horsmen at the ende of fauxside Bray TTTT Their rewes of tentes V. The turf wall toward the frith VV. Our cariages X. the marish Y. Our galley Z. Edinborow castell Â¶ The significacioÌ„ of certein other notes Signifieth a footman A horsman A hakbutter a foot A hakbutter on horsback An archer A footman slayn A horsman slayn The fallowe felde whearon their armye stode though thear wear right many among vs yet not one put on forasmuch as at our cumming foorth in the morniÌ„g we loked for nothing les then for battail that daye yet did my lorde and Shelley with the residue so valiauntly and strongly gyue the charge vpoÌ„ them that whither it wear by theyr prowes or power the left side of the enemies that his lordship did set vpon though their order remayned vnbroken was yet compelled to swey a good wey bak gyue ground largely and all the residue of them besyde to stonde much amased Before this as our men wear well nie at them they stood very braue bragging shaking their pyke pointes criyng cum here loundes cum here tykes cum here heretykes suche lyke as hardely they are fayre mouthed men Thoughe they ment but small humanite â–ª yet shewed thei hereby much ciuilite both of fayre play to warne ear thei strook of formall order to chyde ear they fought Our Captains that wear behinde perceyuinge at eye that both by the vnevinnes of the grounde by the sturdy order of the enemie and for that their fellowes wear so nie straight before them they were not able to ony aduauÌ„tage to mainteine this onset did thearfore according to the deuise in that point appointed turne themselues made a soft retyre vp towarde the hyll agayne Howbeit too Thys secunde Table sheweth the placinge of our footmen the slaughter of Edwarde Shelley and the oother the Retyre of oure bande of horsemen vp to the hil and the breach of array of the straglers from theÌ„ But touchyng the exposicion of the notes and letters I refer the reder to the Table before confes the truth sum of the nuÌ„ber that knue not the prepeÌ„sed pollecie of the counsaill in this case made of a sober aduised retyre an hasty temerarious flyght Sound to ony mans ear as it may I shal neuer admit for ony affection towarde couÌ„tree or kyn to be so partial as wil wittingly either bolster the falshod or bery the truthe for honor in myn opinioÌ„ the way gotten wear vnworthely wun and a very vyle gain howbeit hereby I caÌ„not count ony lost whear but a fewe leude souldiours ran rashely out of array without standard or Captayn vpon no cause of nede but of a mere vndiscretion madnes A madnes in dede for fyrste the scottes were not able to pursue because they wear footmen theÌ„ if they coold what hope by flight so far from home in their enemies londe whear no place of refuge Â¶ My lord Marshal Edward Shelley litle PrestoÌ„ Brampton and Gerningham Bulleners Ratclyf the lord Fitzwaters brother Syr Ihon Cleres son heyr Digges of keÌ„t Ellerker a peÌ„cioner Segraue Of my lorde Protectours baÌ„d my lorde Edward hys graces sonne Captain of the same baÌ„de StaÌ„ley Woodhous Coonisby Horgill Morris Dennys Arthur and Atkinson with other in the foreraÌ„ke not being able in this earnst assault both to tende to their fight afore to the retyre behynde the Scottes again wel considering hereby how weak thei remayned caught courage a fresh raÌ„ sharply forward vpon them and without ony mercy slewe euery man of our men that abode furthest in prece a .vi. mo of Bulleners and other then I haue here named in all to the number of a xxvi and most part gentlemeÌ„ My lord Grey yet and my lord Edward as sum grace was returned agayne but neyther all in safetie nor without euident markes they had bene thear for the one with a pyke thrugh the mouth was raced a longe from the tip of the tunge and thrust that way very daungerously more then twoo inches wythin the neck and my lorde Edwarde had hys horse vnder hym with swoordes wounded sore and I thiÌ„ke to death Lyke as also a litle before this onset Syr Thomas Darcy vpon hys approch to the enemies was strooken glauncing wyse on the ryght syde with a bullet of one of their felde peces and thearby his body broosed wyth the boowynge in of hys harneys hys swoord hiltes broken the forefynger of his right haÌ„de beateÌ„ flat Euen so vppon the partynge of thys fray was Syr Arthur Darcy slasht at

with swoordes and so hurt vppon the weddyng fynger of hys righte hande also as it was counted for the fyrst parte of medecine too haue it quite cut awaye About the same time certein of the Scottes ran out hastely to the kynges Maiesties standerde of the horsmen the whiche syr Androwe Flammak bare and laiyng fast holde vpon the staf thearof cryed a kyng a kynge That if both his strength hys hart and hys horse had not ben good and hereto sumwhat ayded at this pinch by sir Raulph Coppinger a pencioner bothe he had bene slain and the standerd lost whiche the Scottes neuertheles hilde so fast that they brake and bare away the nether ende of the staff to the burrel intended so much to the gayne of the staÌ„derd that syr Androw as hap was skaped home all safe and els without hurt At this bysines also was my lord Fitzwaters Captain of a number of dimilaunces vnhorste but soone mounted againe skaped yet in great daunger and hys horse al he weÌ„ Hereat further wear Cauarley the standard bearer of the men of armes and ClemeÌ„t Paston a peÌ„cioner thrust eche of them into the leg with pykes and Don Philip a Spaniard in the knee diuers other mayned and hurt and many horses sore wouÌ„ded besyde Â¶ By this tyme had our forewarde accordingly gotten the full vauÌ„tage of the hilles side and in respect of their march stood sydeling toward the enemie Who neuertheles wear not able in all partes to stonde full square in array by reason that at the West ende of theim vpon their right hand and toward the enemie thear was a square plot enclosed with turfe as their maner of fencynge in thoose partes is one corner whearof did let the square of the same arraye Our battaile in good order next theim but so as in continaunce of array the former parte thearof stood vpon the hilles syde the tayle vpon the playn And the rerewarde hoolly vppon the playn So that by the placing and countenaunce of oure armye in this wyse wee shewed ourselues in a maner to cumpas them in that they shoolde no way skape vs the whiche by our poure and number we wear as well able to doo as a spynners webbe to catche a swarme of bees Howebeit for hart and courage we ment too mete wyth them had they bene as many mo These vndiscrete gadlinges that so fondly brake array from the horsmen in the retyre as I sayde ran so hastely thrughe the orders and rankes of our forewarde as it stood that it did both ther disorder many feared many was great encouraging to the enemie My lorde LieutenauÌ„t who had the gyding of our forewarde right valiauntly had conducted the same to their stoÌ„dynge and thear did very nobly encourage comfort theÌ„ Bidding them plucke vp their hartes shew theÌ„selfes meÌ„ for thear was no cause of fear asfor victorie it was in their oun handes if they did abyde by it he himself euen thear woold lyue and dye amoÌ„g them And surely as hys wurthines allwayes right well deserueth so was hys honour at that tyme accordingly furnished with wurthy Captains First syr Ihon Lutterel who had the leading of a .iii. C. of hys lordships meÌ„ that wear the formost of thys forewarde all with harneys weapon and in all pointes els so well trimmed for war that lyke as at that tyme I coulde well note my lordes great cost and honour for that their choyse and perfect appointment and furniture so did I then also coÌ„sider syr Ihon Luttrels proowes and wisedom for their valiaunt conductioÌ„ and exact obseruaunce of order whom knowynge as I knowe for his witmanhod good qualitees aptnes to all gentle feates besyde I haue good cause to counte both a good CaptaiÌ„ a warfare in feld and a wurthy courtyar in peace at home I mean suche a one as CoÌ„te Balthazar the Italian in his boke of Courtyar doth frame Then in the same forwarde Syr Morrice DeÌ„nis another Captain who wysely first exhortyng his men to play the meÌ„ shewing thearby the assuraunce of victorie then to the entent they shoolde be sure he woold neuer shriÌ„ke from theim he did with no les wurship then valiaunce in the hottest of this bysines alight amoÌ„g them and put hys horse from hym But if I shoold as cause I confesse thear wear inough make here ony stay in hys commendacion thearfore or of the forwarde courage of Syr George Hawarde whoo bere the Kynges Maiesties standarde in the battaile or of the circumspect diligence of syr William Pykering and Syr Rychard Wingfeld SargeauÌ„tes of the band to the foreward or of the proÌ„pt forwardnes of Syr Charles BraÌ„doÌ„ another Captain ther or of the peinful industrie of syr Iames Wilford Prouost Marshal who placed himselfe with the formost of thys forewarde or of the good order in march of syr Hugh Willoughby and William DeÌ„nis esquyer captaiÌ„s both or of the present hart of Ihon Chaloner a Captain also in the battail or of honest respect of Edward ChaÌ„berlayn geÌ„tlemaÌ„ harbynger of the armie who willingly as then came in order with the same foreward Or of right many other in both these battailes for I was not nie the rereward whose behauours wurthynes wear at the tyme notable in myne eye although I neither knue then al of theÌ„ I saw nor coold not since remeÌ„ber of theÌ„ I knue I mought wel be in dout it shold be to much an intricacioÌ„ to the matter to great a tediousnes to the reder And therfore to say on The Scottes wear suÌ„what disordred with their cuÌ„minge out about the slaughter of our men the which thei did so earnestly then enteÌ„d thei toke not one to mercie but more thei wear amased at this adueÌ„torous hardy onset My lordes grace hauing before this for the causes aforesayde placed himselfe on thys Fauxsyde Bray and thearby quikly perceyuynge the great disorder of these stragling horsmen hemd them in froÌ„ further straiyng whom syr Rafe Uane soon after with great dexterite brought in good order and array agayn And thearwith the rest of our strengths by the pollecie of my lordes grace and diligence of euery Captain and officer bysyde wear so oportunely and aptly applyed in their feat that whear this repulse of the enemie retyre of vs was douted of many to turne to the daunger of our los the same was wrought and aduaunced accordynge as it was deuysed to our certeinte of gayn and victorie For first at this sloughe whear most of our horsmeÌ„ had stond syr Peter Mewtus Captain of all the hakbutters a foot did very valiauntly conduct place a good number of hys men in a maner harde at the faces of the enemies Wherunto Syr Peter Gamboa a Spanyard Captain of a .ii. C. hakbutters on horsback did redily bring his meÌ„ also whoo with the hot coÌ„tinuauÌ„ce of their shot on both partes did so stoutly stay the enemies that thei could not well cum forther forward then our

prety while ouerseen he retorned by Muskelborowe and so along by the Frythe diligently markyng and notyng thinges by the way And aswell in his retorne as in his out goyng many wear the houses gentlemen and oother that vpon submission his grace receiued in to his protection This dai my lords grace aswell for countenaunce of buyldyng as though he woold tary long as also to kepe our Pioners sumwhat in exercise whooÌ„ a litle rest woolde soone make nought caused along the east syde of Lyeth a greate dich and trench to be cast toward the Frith the woorke whearof coÌ„tinued till the mornyng of our departyng Â¶ My Lorde Clynton Thursday the xv of septeÌ„ber hye Admiral as I said of this flete takyng with hym the galley whearof one Broke is Captain and .iiii. or .v. of our smaller vessels besides all well appoynted with municion men rowed vp the Frith a ten myle westward to an hauen toun stondyng on the south shore called Blaknestes whearat towardes the water syde is a castel of a prety strength As nie whearvnto as the depth of the water thear woold suffer the Skots for sauegard had laied the Mary willough by and the Antony of Newcastel .ii. tall ships whiche with extreme iniurie they had stolleÌ„ from vs before tyme wheÌ„ no war betwene vs with these ley thear also an oother large vessel called by them the Bosse and a .vii. mo whearof part laden with marchauÌ„dize my lord Clynton his coÌ„penie with right hardy approche after a great conflict betwixt the castel our vessels by fyne force wan from them those .iii. ships of name burnt all the residew before their faces as they ley Friday the .xvi. of september Â¶ The lard of Brimston a Skottish gentleman who cam to my lordes grace from their counsell for caus of communicacion bilyke retourned again to them hauing with him Norrey an herauld king of armes of ours whoo fouÌ„d them with the olde quene at Sterlyng a toun stondyng westward vppon the Frith a .xx. mile beyond Edinborowe Â¶ Thear was a fellowe taken in our caÌ„pe Saterday the xvii of september whooÌ„ the Scottes called English William an English man indede that before tyme hauyng doon a robery in Lincolnshier did after ruÌ„ awai into ScotlaÌ„d at this time cuÌ„meÌ„ out of EdeÌ„borowe castel as a spie for yÌ„e Scottes was spied himself with the maner and haÌ„ged for his mede in the best wise bicaus he wel deserued vpoÌ„ a nue giebet somewhat biside our camp in the sight bothe of the toun castel God haue mercy on his soule Thear is no good logicioner but woold think I thiÌ„k that a Syllogisim thus formed of such a theuing maior a ruÌ„away minor and a trayterous consequent must nedes prooue at the weakest to such a hanging argument Sir Ihon Luttrell knight hauyng bene by my lords grace and the counsell elect Abbot by gods suffraunce of the monastery of sainct Coomes Ins afore remembred in the after noon of this day departed towardes the Iland to be stalled in his see thear accordyngly had with him a coouent of a C. hakbutters and .l. pioners to kepe his house and land thear and .ii. rowe barkes well furnished with municion .lxx. mariners for them to kepe his waters Whearby it is thought he shal sooÌ„ becuÌ„ a prelate of great powr The perfytnes of his religion is not alwaies to tarry at home but sumtime to rowe out abrode a visitacion when he goithe I haue hard say he taketh alweyes his sumners in barke with hym which ar very open mouthed neuer talk but they ar harde a mile of so that either for looue of his blessynges or feare of his cursinges he is lyke to be sooueraigne ouer most of his neighbours My lords grace as this day geuyng warnyng that our departure shoold be on the morowe and myndynge before with recompence sumwhat according to rewarde one BartoÌ„ that had plaid an vntrue part coÌ„maunded that ouer night his hous in Lyeth shoolde be set afyer And as the same thesame night about .v. of the clok was doon many of our souldiours that wear very forward in fyering fyered with al hast all the toun besyde But so farfoorth as I may thinke without commissioÌ„ or knowledge of my lords grace as right many horses both of his graces and of diuers others wear in great daunger ear they coold be quited then from out of the toun .vi. greate ships liyng in the hauen thear that for age and decay wear not so apt for vse wear then also set a fyer which all the night with great flame did burne very solemnly In the tyme of our here campynge many lardes and gentlemen of the cuntry nie thear cam in to my lorde to require his protection the whiche his grace to whoom he thought good did graunt This day also cam the erle Bothwell to my lordes grace a gentleman of a right cumly porte and stature and hereto of right honourable and iust meanyng and dealyng toward the kyngs maiestie whoom my lords grace did thearfore accordyng vnto his degree demerites very frendly welcum and entertein hauing supped this night with his grace he then after departed Thear stode southwestward about a quarter of a mile from our caÌ„pe a monasterie thei call it holly roode abbey sir Water BonhaÌ„ and Edward ChaÌ„berlayne gat lycence to suppresse it whearupoÌ„ these commissioners makyng first theyr visitacion thear they found the mooÌ„ks all gone but the church and mooch parte of the house well coouered with leade soon after thei pluct of the leade had doun the bels which wear but .ii. and accordyng to the statute did sumwhat hearby disgrace the hous As touchyng the mooÌ„kes bicaus they wear gone thei put them to their pencions at large Sunday the xviii of september Â¶ My lords grace for consideracions moouyng hym to pitee hauing al this while spared Edinborowe from hurt did so leaue it but Lieth and the ships still burnyng soon after vii of the clock in this morenyng caused the caÌ„pe to dislodge And as we wear parted from whear we laye the castel shot of a peal with chambers hardely all of a .xxiiii. peces we marched sowtheast from the Frith into the landward But part of vs kept the wey that the chiefe of the chase was continued in whearby we founde most parte of the dead corpses liyng very rufully with the colour of their skynnes chauÌ„ged grenish about the place they had be smitten in and as thento abooue grounde vnberied many also we perceyued to haue bene beried in Undreske church yarde the graues of whoom the Scots had very slyly for sight coouered agayn with grene turfe By diuerse of these dead bodies wear thear set vp a stik with a clowte with a rag with an olde shoe or suÌ„ oother marke for knowlege the which we vnderstode to be markes made by the frendes of the partie dead when they had found him whooÌ„

september Â¶ This mornyng my lords grace hauyng deputed my lord Gray to receyue the rendryng of the castell and Sir Edward Dudley after to be captayn of the same They both departed to yt at the time set Androwe Hume and .iiii. oother of the chefest thear with hym cam out yeldyng the castell deliuered my lord the keis His lordship causyng the residue also to cumme out then sauyng .vi. or .vii. to kepe their baggage wtin who all wear in number .lxxviii entred the same with master Dudley and diuers oother gentlemeÌ„ with him He found thear indifferent good store of vytayle wyne and of ordinaunce twoo basterd culuerins one sacre .iii. fawconets of bras and of iren viii peces beside The castell stondeth vppon a rocky crag with a prowd heith ouer all the contrie about it on euery syde well me fenced by marrysh allmost rounde in foorme with thik walls â–ª which is a rare thing vpoÌ„ so hie and stonie a grouÌ„d A faire well within yt The kepyng of this castell my lord betakyng vnto master Dudley accordyngly retourned to my lordes grace at the campe We reised Friday the xxiii of september and cam that mornyng to Rokesborow and iii. myle from Hume our camp occupied a greate fallowe felde betwene Rokesborowe and Kelseye stondyng eastward a quarter of a myle of a prety market toun to but they wear all goon foorth thear My Lordes grace wyth dyuers of the Counsell and Sir Richard lee knight whose chardge in this expedycyon spetially was to appoynt the pioners ech whear in woork as he shoolde thynke meete and then whear my lordes grace assigned to deuyse the fourme of byldyng for fortificacion whoom suerly the goodnes of his wytt and hys greate experience hath made in that science right excellent went straight to Rokesborowe to caste what thear for strengthnyng might be doon The plot and syte whearof hath bene in tyme paste a Castell Rokesborow and standeth naturally very strong vpon a hyll east and west of an eyght skore in length and .iii. skore in bredth drawynge to narownes at the easte ende the hole grounde whearof the old walles doo yet enuyron Besyde the heyth and hardines to cum to it is stroÌ„gly fenced on eythter syde with the course of ii great riuers Tiuet on the north and Twede on the sowth both which ioyning sum what nie to gyther at the west ende of it Tyuet by a large cumpas a bowte the feldes wee laye in at Kelsey dooth fall into this Twede which with greate deapth swiftnes runneth from thence eastward into the sea at Berwyk and is notable and famous for .ii. commodities specially Salmons and whetstones Ouer this betwyxte kelsey and Rokesborowe hath thear bene a great stone bridge with arches the which the Skottes in time paste haue all to broken bycaus we shoold not that wei cum to them SooÌ„ after my Lords graces survey of the plot and determinacion to doo asmuch indeede for makynge it defensyble as shortnes of the tyme and season of the yere could suffer which was that one great trench of twenty foot brode with deapth accordyng and a wall of lyke breadth and heyth shoold be made a cros with in the castel from the tone side-wall to thoother and a .xl. foot from the west ende and that a like treÌ„ch and wall shoold likewise be cast a trauers within about a quoyts cast froÌ„ theast ende and hereto that the castell walles on either syde whear neede was shoolde be mended with turfe and made with loop-holes as well for shooting directly foorthward as for flankyng at hand the woork of which deuise did make that bisyde the sauegard of these trenches walles the kepers shoold also be much fenced by both the ende walles of the castel the pioners wear set a woork and diligently applied in the same Â¶ This day the Lard of Cesfoorth and many oother lards and gentlemen of Tyuetdale and their marches thear hauyng cum and communed with my Lordes grace made vs an assuraunce which was a frendship and as it wear a truis for that daye till the next day at nyght Â¶ This daye in the meane while theyr assuraunce lasted these Lardes and gentlemen aforesayde beyng the Chefeste in the hole marches and Tyuetdale cam in agayn whoom my Lords grace with wysdom and pollecie without any fightynge or bloodshed dyd wyn then vnto the obedience of the kyngs maiestie for the whyche they dyd wyllyngly then also receyue an oth whose names ensue Lards The lard of Ceffoorth The lard of Fernyherst The lard of Grenehed The lard of Hunthill The lard of Hundley The lard of Markestone by mersyde The lard of Bouniedworth The lard of Ormeston The lard of Mallestaynes The lard of Warmesey The lard of Lynton The lard of Egerston The lard of Marton The lard of Mowe The lard of Ryddell The lard of Reamersyde Gentlemen George Trombull Iohn Hollyburton Robert Car. Robert Car of Greyden Adam Kyrton Andrew Meyther Saunder Spuruose of Erleston Mark Car of Litleden George Car of Faldenside Alexander Makdowell Charles Rotherford Thomas Car of the yere Ihon Car of Meynthorn Walter Holy burton Richard Hanganfyde Andrew Car. Iames Douglas of Eauers Iames Car of MersyngtoÌ„ George Hoppringlâ—â— William Ormeston of Endmerden Ihon Grymslowe Many wear thear mo besyde whose names also for that they remayne in regester with these I haue thought the lesse mister here to wryt My lords grace did tender so mooch the furtherauÌ„ce of the work in the castell that this daie as euery day els duryng our campynge thear his grace dyd not styk to digge with a spade abooue .ii. houres him self Curti. lib. viii whearby as his estate sure was no more embased then the maiestie of great AlexaÌ„der what time with his oun haÌ„des he set the poor colde soldiour in his oun chaire of estate â–ª to releeue hym by his tier So by the example herof was euery man so mooued as thear wear but fewe of Lordes knightes and gentlemen in the feld but with spade shoouell or mattook did thearin right willyngly vncompeld their partes Sunday the xxv of september Â¶ This daye began the Skottes to brynge vitayll to our campe for the whiche they wear so well entreated and paide that durynge the tyme we laye thear we wanted none of the commodities their coÌ„try coold minister Munday the xxvi of september Â¶ No notable thyng but the continuaunce of our woork at the Castell for furtheraunce whearof order was taken that the Captayns of footmen eche after oother shoolde send vp his C. of souldiours thither to woorke an houres space Â¶ The larde of Coldehamknowes not hauyng so fully kepte hys appoyntment made at Hume Castell touchyng his cummynge agayn to my Lordes grace Tuisday the xxvii of september at Rokesborowe Sir Raufe Uane with a twoo or .iii. C. horses about .iii. of the clock in this mornyng was sent for hym to his house whiche was a .vii.

with great stones in the bottom so vneuen of grounde And by reason of rayne that lately tel before the water so depe and the streame so swyft that right many of our horsemen and footmen wear greately at theyr passage in perell and one or twoo drowned and many cariages ouerthrowen and in greate daunger also of losyng My lords grace toke his wey strayght toward Nuecastell and thence homeward And my lordtherle of Warwik my lord Grey and sir Rafe Sadleyr with diuers oother rode towarde Barwyke to abide the cuÌ„myng of the Scottish commissioners In the meaÌ„ time of tariyng thear my lord of Warwyk did make v. knights Sir Thomas Neuell the lord Neuels broother Sir Anthony Strelley Sir Uerney Sir Ihon Barteuile FreÌ„ch man and anoother But the Skottes lyke men though supper in couenaunt yet coÌ„stant in vsage and thearfore les blusshing to break promes then custome came not at all whearupoÌ„ my lord oother of our commissioners hauyng taryed for them the full time of appoyntment which was vntil the iiii of october the next day after departed theÌ„ce homeward In part of the meane time while my lordes grace was thus doyng thexploits in SkotlaÌ„d as I haue before written the erle of Linnos with my lord WhartoÌ„ lord Warden of our westmarches against Skotland according as his grace had before takeÌ„ order with a nuÌ„ber of v. M. entred SkotlaÌ„d on the west marches And first passing a ii mile after a dayes a nightes defence they wan the churche of Annan a stroÌ„g place and very noysum alwey vnto oure men as they passed that wey Thear they toke .lxii. prisoners the kepers of thesame burnt the spoile for cumber of caryage and caused the churche to be blowen with pouder passinge thence a .xvi. mile within the loÌ„d soon after they wan a hold called the castle of mylke the which they left well furnyshed with municion meÌ„ and so retourned Diuers other actes notable they did here left vnwritteÌ„ of me because vnknowen too me but asmuche as I certeinly hard of I haue thought mete hereunto to adde because I may wel couÌ„t theim as part of this expedicioÌ„ viage A PERoracion vnto the gentle reder with a shorte rehersall of the Actes doon I Haue thus absolued my boke but neyther with suche spede as perchauÌ„ce it had bene the office of hym that woold take vpoÌ„ hym to wryte of this matter nor as the dignitie of the Argument required publicacion For well it may be thought a man with meane diligeÌ„ce that had ben forth in no parte of the viage might in this space haue learned and written as muche by enquirie at home And sith the pour of tyme is in eche case so great as thinges indifferently good by choyse of oportunitie are made muche comendable agayn by cumming out of season maye muche be disgraced Right small then maye I take my meryt to be that cum nowe so intempestiuely to tell the tale whearof al mens eares are ful of a four mooneths before Yet for excuse of my slacknes as who woolde not be blameles trustynge that my playne confession maye the rather mooue you too take thinges too the better I haue thoughte it best to render you the verye cause thearof whiche is that after I hadde sum what entred intoo thys busynes And thearby compeld to consyder the precise obseruaunce of dedes wordes and in a maner of gestures and the diligeÌ„t markinge of the situacioÌ„ of tounes castels and churches of the lieng of hils playns and feldes of the course of ryuers of respect of wyndes and of infinite such other thinges that oughte fyrst too haue bene made thear while they wear a doynge whyle a man had bene at them the which in dede I had not so perfitly written in my notes and thearfore dryuen to stresse my memorie the more for callinge the same too mynd agayn And here with regardyng the greate hede that ought to be had in rehersall of circuÌ„staunces and placinge of thinges accordingly in writing as they wear done seen or hard I fouÌ„d the enterprise a great dele more weyghtie then the sleÌ„dernes of my wit was able quikly to pas with Howbeit wheÌ„ vppon deper considerauÌ„ce I pondered with my self what a thiÌ„g it was to make ony monument in this so prosperous a comminaltie wherof the Gouernours are so absolutely wise whear in an infinitie number of men soo fynely wytted and so profoundly learned are besyde I rather regarded the counsell of the wyse poet Horace Inde Art Poet. whoo wils a man to kepe his writinges in his handes nine yere meaning a good while for correccion then hadde any hast of publicatioÌ„ whearby at ones I shold lose my libertie of ameÌ„dment Which libertie though after I mought haue neuer so well yet because it is nothinge so commeÌ„dable to mend a faut as to make no faut I woolde gladly before haue had the leysure to loke that the thyng might haue past as faultes from me as my diligeÌ„ce could haue made it And surely had it not ben more for auÌ„swering the expectacion of sum men of honour whoo knew I was in hand with the matter and who els peraduenture might haue douted my diligence then it was for myne own desyre to haue my doings soon to cuÌ„me abrode I woold haue taken a better breath ear they had cum out yet But sins the chauÌ„ce is cast the woord thus vttred cannot be called agayn whearby I haue ieoperded with your .iii. houres reding to make you ceÌ„sour of my three moneths wryting Iudge ye I pray you as ye maye with fauour and conster my meanyng to the best My nede I knowe is much to pray for I am not so foolysh too thinke my self so wise that with a text al fautles I can driue foorthe so longe a proces But as I for the tyme haue endeuoured to say rather as wel as I can then aswell as can be soo shall thear be for me libertie too all men too wryte what els they can vtter eyther foorther or better which if thei do I shal with all my hart becum then as benign a reder to theÌ„ as I woold wish you now to be here to me Â¶ To the entent now I woold quite from cumber of enquirie or question suche as haply woold wyt what a do I had in the armie or how I hadde ony knowlege of that I haue written I haue thought it curtesie not to be daungerous to shew that it pleased my very good lord the erle of Warwyke LieutenauÌ„t of the host who thearby had pour to make officers too make me one of the Iudges of the Marshalsey as Master William Cycyl now master of the Requestes with my lorde Protectours grace was the other whearby we both not beynge bounde soo straightly in daies of trauel to ordre of marche nor oother while but when we sat in Courte too any great affayres had libertie to ride to see things that wear doon and leysure too

THE Expedicion into ScotlaÌ„de of the most woorthely fortunate prince Edward Duke of Soomerset vncle vnto our most noble souereign lord the kiÌ„ges Maiestie Edvvard the VI. Goouernour of hys hyghnes persone and Protectour of hys graces Realmes dominions and subiectes made in the first yere of his Maiesties most prosperous reign and set out by way of diarie by W. Patten Londoner VIVAT VICTOR VNto the right honorable Syr VVilliam Paget knyght of the most noble order of the Garter Comptroller of the kynges Maiesties housholde one of his hyghnes priuie counsaill Chauncellor of the duchie of Lancaster and his moste benigne Fautour and Patrone VVilliam Patten most hartely vvisheth felicite HAuynge in these last warres againste Scotlande that neuer wear any with better succes acheued made notes of actes thear doon and disposed the same since my cummynge home into order of diarie as followeth As one that woulde showe sum argument of remeÌ„braunce right honorable Sir of your moste benign fauour that aswel while I was with the right honorable my very good lord and late master the erle of Arundell as also since ye haue vouchsafed to bear me I haue thought metest to dedicate my trauail vnto your honor How finally I either am or haue ben by ony meanes able to merite the same your geÌ„telnes by so moch the lesse haue I nede here too shewe as your humayne generosite your willyng benignite and promptnes to proffit all men is vnto all meÌ„ so coÌ„monly knowen for the whiche youre name and honor is so familiar and well estemed with forein princes abrode so woorthely welbeloued of al estates at home for who was he of ony degree or cuÌ„tree that had ony iust sute or other a do with our late souereign lord the kinges Maiestie deceased when his highnes in these his latter yeres for your approued wysdome fidelite trust and diligence had coÌ„mitted the speciall ministerie dispatch of his weyghtie affaires vnto your handes that felt not as moche then as I haue fouÌ„de since or who findeth not still a constant continuaunce thearof whear the equite of his sute may bear it Ryght many sure of the small knowledge I haue could I my selfe reken both of than and since whiche here all willyngly I leaue vnattempted to doo both bi cause my rehersall shoulde be very vnnecessarie vaine to you that know them better then I and also that I should tell the tale to your self WhooÌ„ for the respect of your honour as I haue a reuerence wyth vanitees froÌ„ your graue occupacions to deteyne so haue I for honesties sake a shame to be suspect by ony meanes to flatter That same your syngler humanitee wheare wyth ye are woont also so gently to accept all thyng in so thankefull a parte whear with ye haue bouÌ„d me so straightly to you dyd fyrste to saye the truthe now emboldeÌ„ me in this theame to set peÌ„ to the book nowe after in thys wyse to present my worke vnto you The which if it shal please your honour too take well in woorthe and receyue in to your tuicion As the thing shall more indede be dignified by hauing suche a Patrone then your dignytee gratifyed by receyuinge so vnworthy a present euen so what fault shal be founde thearin I resume as clerely cummyng of my selfe But yf ought shal be thought to be aptly sayd pleasauÌ„t ony thing sauering of witte or learnyng I woold all meÌ„ should know it as I acknowledge it my self that the must holy be referred to you then couraging of whose fauour hathe ministred suche matter to my witte That lyke as Ouyde sayd to Cesar of hys so may I say to you of myne Ingenium vultu statque caditque tuo Faustor .i. But now no further with my talke too troble you Thus with encrease of honour vnto your woorthines most hartely I wishe the same continauÌ„ce of health and wealth Your moste bounden client and puple W. Patten A PREface seruynge for muche parte in stede of argument for the matter of the storie ensuing ALthough it bee not allways the truest meanes of meting to measure all meÌ„s appetites by one mans affeccion yet hereof at thys tyme dare I more then half assure me that euen as I would be in case like my selfe so is euery man desyrous too know of the maner and circuÌ„staunces of thys our most valiaÌ„t victorie ouer our enemies and prosperous successe of the rest of our iourney The bolder am I to make this general iudgement Arist. Metaph .i. partly for that I am sumwhat by learning but more by nature instruct to vnderstonde the thursty desyer that all our kynde hath to knowe And then for that in euery coÌ„pany and at euery table whear it hath bene my hap to be since my cummynge home the hole communicactoÌ„ was in a manner nought els but of this expedicion and warres in Scotland whearof many to me then haue ministred so many interrogatories as would haue wel cumbered a righte ripetunged deponent redyly to aunswer I indede thearto soo hastely could not Yet neuertheles blame them no more for quiknes of question then I would my selfe for slownes of auÌ„swer For considering how muche in euery narracion the circuÌ„stauÌ„ces do serue for the perfit instruccioÌ„ of them that doo here I can easly thincke thesame wear as muche desyred of them to be hard as necessarie of me to be told And specially of this to say chefely of the battel beyng suche a matter as neyther the like hathe bene sene wyth eies by any of this age now or red of istorie of ony yeres past So great a pour so wel picked appointed so restfull fresh so muche encouraged by hope of forein ayde at their owne doores nay in the middes of their house and at the worst so nie to their refuge to be beaten vanquished put to flight and slayne by so smal a number so greatly trauayled and wery so far within their enemyes lond and out of their own without hope either of refuge or reskue The circuÌ„staunces hereof with the rest of our most triumphaÌ„t iourney whiche otherwise aptly for vnaptnes of tyme I could not vtter by woord of mouth here mynde â–ª I god willing no we too declare by letter of writiÌ„g Not as of arrogaÌ„cie taking vpon me the thing which I my self must coÌ„fesse many caÌ„ do better but as of good will doyng myn endeuour for that in me lieth to make all meÌ„ priuie of that whereof it wear mete no man wear ignoraunt Aswel because thei may the rather vniuersally be mooued to pray prayse glorifie the most merciful Lorde whose clemeÌ„cie hath so coÌ„tinually of these late yeres vouchsafed to shew hys moste benign fauour towarde vs As also to worship honour and haue in veneracion the reuerend worthines of our most honorable CouÌ„saill By whose generall sage consultacions circumspect wisdomes as freÌ„dship with forein princes prouision for thenemie hathe bene coÌ„tinued and made abrode we garded

a * Hys name was Cyrus nephew of hys as yet then vngotten vnborne and lose his kyngdome and this by a dreame also wherin he thought there spraÌ„g out of the woÌ„be of hys doughter MaÌ„dane a vyne by the spreadinge of whose braunches all Asie was shadowed Ioseph de antiquit Li xvii ca. vltimo And howe Archelaus kyng of Cappadocia was warned afore of hys banishment out of hys couÌ„trey and kyngdome by his dreame of .x. wheat eares full type that wear eaten of Oxen and hereto the multitude of ensamples beside touching this case in Tully Valerius Maximus De Diuin i Valer. li. i. ca. vii Plin. devir illust capi xxvi Cael. antiq lect li. xiiii capi xlii Sueton. in Domitian capi xxiii Plinie the secunde Celius Rediginus Suetonius and in infinitie other aucthors mo they should be to cuÌ„berous irksum bothe for me to write and you to rede The naturall cause of whiche kynde of propheciynge as I may call it whyther it come as Astronomers hold opinion by the influence of the ayre or by constellacion or els by sobrietie of dyet and peculiar to the MelaÌ„cholycke Socra apud Plat. de Rep. ix both as Plato and also Phisicians affirme or by gift of God as diuines iudge I trust I shal be borne with all thoughe I do not here take vpon me to discus but leaue it for a doubt among theim as I found it Yet that thear is such dignitie and diuinitie in mans soule as sometyme in dreams we be warned of thinges to come both the learninge of auncient Philosophers Iambl inde Mister Aegipt Mercur. in Pymand Plotinus Iamblicus Mercurius Trismegistus with many other dooth auowe holy scripture and prophane stories do proue daily exsperience to theym that doo marke it doeth also shewe But to thys nowe that my lordes grace dreamt one thing and the contrary came to passe writers vppon exposicion of dreams and specially Artemidorus do make .ii. special kind of dreams Li. i. ca. ii the one Speculatiue whereby we see thinges the nexte daye after for the moste parte muche lyke as wee sawe them in dream thother Allegoryke whiche warneth vs as it were by ridddell of thynges more then a day at the least after to come And in these Allegoryke dreams he saith the head betokeneth the father the foote the seruaunt the righthand signifieth the mother the lefte the wyfe Li. ii cap i. lxv and so furth And somtyme one contrary is ment by an other as to seme for some cause to wepe or be sory is a tokeÌ„ of gladnes to come and agayn to ioy muche is a signe of care Li. iii. cap. xxvii Li. iiii ca. iii. to se foule water commynge into the house a signe to se the house burning Apollonides a surgion thought he went out and wounded many and sone after he healed many Of which sort of dreames thys of my lordes grace was that shewed he had done nothynge and signified as we maye nowe be holde to conster he should do so much as were skant possible to doo more Howbeit as I wolde haue no man so muche to note esteme dreams as to thike ther are none vayn but al significatiue a thing in dede both foÌ„dly superstitious against the mind of God vttred in the olde law Deut. xviii So woulde I haue no man so much to coÌ„teÌ„ne theÌ„ as to thinke we can at no tyme bee warned by theÌ„ a thinge also both of to much incredulite against the promis of God rehersed in the new law by Peter out of the prophet Iohel Act. ii Iohel ii But least with my dreames I bring you a stepe I shal here leaue them begin to March with the armie Sundaye the iiii of SepteÌ„ber My lordes grace came from out of the toune the army reised from out of the campe And after disposicion of order that syr FrauÌ„ces Bryan the Capitain of lightt orlinen with a .iiii. C. of his baÌ„de should tende to the skout a mile or .ii. before The cariages to kepe a long by the sea coaste And the meÌ„ of armes dimilauÌ„ces diuided in to .iii. tropes auÌ„swering the .iii. wardes so to ryde in array directly against the cariages a .ii. flight shot a sunder froÌ„ theÌ„ Our thre battails kept order in pace betwene theÌ„ both The foreward foremost the battaile in the middest the rerewarde hindermost eche warde his troop of horsmeÌ„ garde of ordinauÌ„ce eche pece of ordinauÌ„ce his aide of Pioners for amendement of ways where nede shoulde be founde We marched a .vi. mile camped by a village called Roston in the Baronrie of BonkeÌ„dale We marched an .viii. mile til we came to a place called the Peaths Mundaye the v. of September It is a valey The Peaths ruÌ„ning froÌ„ a .vi. mile West straight Eastwarde and toward the sea a .xx a .xx. skore brode from banke to banke aboue and a .v. skore in the bottom wherein runnes a litle riuer So stepe be these baÌ„kes on eyther syde and depe to the bottom that who goeth straight doune shal be in daunger of tumbling the commer vp so sure of puffyng payne for remedie wherof the trauailers that way haue vsed to pas it not by going directly but by paths footways leading stopewise of the number of which paths they call it somwhat nicely in dede the Peaths A Brute a day or .ii. before was spred emong vs that hereat the Scottes were very busy a working how here we should be stayde met withal by theÌ„ wherunto I harde my lordes grace vow that he wold put it in profe for he wolde not step one foote out of his course appointed At oure comming we found all in good peace howbeit the syde wayes on either side most vsed for eas were crost and cut of in many places with the castyng of trauers trenches not very depe in dede and rather somwhat hinderyng then vtterly letting for whither it were more by pollecie or diligence as I am sure neyther of bothe did want the ways by the Pioners were sone so well plained that our army caryage and ordenaunce were quite set ouer sone after sun set and there as then we pight out campe But while our armie was thus in passynge my lordes grace willynge to loose no tyme and that the enemies aswel by dede as by brute should know he was come sent an Heraulde to summon a Castell of George Douglash called DuÌ„glas Dunglas that stode at the ende of the same valey nerer the sea and a mile froÌ„ the place of our passage The Capitain therof Matthew Hume a brothers son of the lord Humes vpoÌ„ this summons requyred to speake wyth my lordes grace it was grauÌ„ted he came To whom ê™ his grace Since it cannot be but that ye must be witting both of our coÌ„myng into these partes of our Proclamacion sent hyther before proclaymed also since and

ye haue not yet coÌ„meÌ„ to vs but kepe this hold thus we haue cause to take you as oure mere enemie And therefore be ye at this choyse for we wil take none auauÌ„tage of your beiÌ„g here now whither ye your coÌ„panie will render your holde stonde body goodes at the order of oure will or els to be set in it again as ye were we wil assay to wyn it as we can The Capitayne beynge aboute this riddel brought in great doubt what aunswer well to make whyther best to do at last stroken with the feare of crueltie that by stubbernes he shoulde well deserue moued agayne wyth the hope of mercy that by submission he might hap to haue was content to render al at his graces pleasure and therupon commaunded to fetche hys coÌ„panye retourned to the Castel In the tyme of tariyng for fetchyng his garde we sawe oure ships with good gale and order fayre sayling into their Fryth The Fryth which is a great arme of the sea and runneth Westwarde into their countrey aboue .iiii. mile UpoÌ„ this staÌ„deth Lieth Blak nest Sterlinge sainct IhoÌ„s Rode and all the beste tounes els in the Southpart of Scotlande This Capitayn came brought with him hys baÌ„de to my lordes grace which was of xxi sober souldiours al so apparayled and appoynted that so God help me I will saye it for no praise I neuer saw such a bunche of beggers come out of one house together in my lyfe The Capitayne and .vi. of the worshipfull of the coÌ„panye were stayed commaundÃ«d to the keping of the Prouost Marshal more hardly to take MuÌ„dais handsell then for hope of auauntage the residue were licenced to gea their gate â–ª with this lesson that if they were euer knowen to practyse or do ought agaynste the army while it was in the countrey therupon takeÌ„ they should be sure to be haÌ„ged After this surrender my lorde Ihon Gray beyng Capitayn of a nuÌ„ber as for his approued worthines right wel he mought was appoiÌ„ted to seaze take possessioÌ„ of the maner with al singular thappurtenauÌ„ces in to thesame beloÌ„ging with whome as it hapt it was my chauÌ„ce to go thyther the spoile was not rych sure but of white bread oten cakes Scottishe ale wherof was indiffereÌ„t good store sone bestowed emoÌ„g my lordes souldiors accordingly as for swordes buklers pykes pottes panz yarne lynneÌ„ heÌ„pe heaps of such baggage beside were skaÌ„t stopt for very liberally let alone but yet sure it would haue rued any good huswiues hart to haue beholden the great vnmerciful murder that our men made of the brood gees and good laiÌ„g heÌ„nes that were slayn there that dai which the wyues of the toune had peÌ„d vp in holes in the stables sellers of the castel eare we came In this meane time my lordes grace appoiÌ„ted the house should be ouerthrowen wherupoÌ„ the Capitain of the Pioners with a .iii. C of his laborers were sent doun to it whome he straight set a digging about the fouÌ„dacioÌ„ In the toun of duÌ„glas the which we left vnspoyled vnburnt we vnderstode of the wiues for their husbaÌ„des wer not at home that it was George Douglash deuise cost to cast these crosse treÌ„ches at the peaths stode hiÌ„ in .iiii. Scottish .l ' which is as much ster as iiii good english crounes of v.sÌ„ a pece a mete reward for such a worke Our Pioners were early at their worke again about the Castel Tuisdaye the vi of SepteÌ„ber whose walles were so thick fouÌ„dacioÌ„ so depe ther to set vpon so craggy a plot that it was not an easy matter sone to vnderdig them Our army dislodged marched on In the wai we shuld go a mile a half froÌ„ DuÌ„glas Northward ther were ii pyles or holdes Thornton Anderwike set both on craggy foundacion and deuided a stones cast a sunder by a depe gut wherein ran a litle Ryuer Thornton beloÌ„ged to the lorde Hume Thornton and was kepte then by one Tom Trotter whereunto my lordes grace ouer night for summons sente Somerset hys Heraulde towarde whome .iii. or .v. of this Capitayns prikkers with their gaddes ready charged did righte hastely direct their course but Trotter both honestly defended the Heraulde sharply rebuked hys men and sayd for the summoÌ„s he woulde come speke with my lordes grace himself notwithstaÌ„ding he came not but straight lokt vp a .xvi. poore soules like the souldiours of DuÌ„glas fast within the house toke the keys with him coÌ„maunding them they shoulde defende the house tary within as they coulde not get out till his retorne whiche should be on the morow with municioÌ„ relief he with his prikkers prikt quite his ways Anderwyke perteined to the lorde of HaÌ„bleton Anderwyke and was kept by hys sonne heyre whom of custume they call the Master of HaÌ„bleton an .viii. more with hym To be knoweÌ„ that the Scottes call the son and heyre of euery lord the Master of the house and surname wherof hys father is called lorde gentlemen for the moste part as we harde say My lordes grace at his comming nye sent vnto both these piles whiche vpon summoÌ„s refusing to reÌ„der were straighte assayled Thornton by batrie of .iiii. of our great peces of ordinauÌ„ce certain of syr Peeter Mewtus hakbutters to watch the loopholes wyndowes on all sydes Anderwyke by a sorte of the same hakbutters alone who soo well besturd theÌ„ that whear these kepers had raÌ„med vp their outer dores cloyd stopt vp their stayres within kept theÌ„selfes a loft for defence of their house about the battilmeÌ„tes the hakbutters gat in fyered theÌ„ vnderneth wherby beyng greatly trobled with smoke smoother brought in desperacioÌ„ of defeÌ„ce they called pitefully ouer their walles to my lordes grace for mercy who notwithstandinge their great obstinaci theÌ„sample other of the enemies mought haue had by their punishmeÌ„t of his noble generosite by these wordes making half excuse for theÌ„ Men may some tyme do that hastely in a gere whereof after they mai soon repeÌ„t theÌ„ did take theÌ„ to grace thearfore sent one straight to theÌ„ But ere the messeÌ„ger came the hakbutters had gotteÌ„ vp to theÌ„ and killed viii of theÌ„ aloft one lept ouer the walles runninge more then a furloÌ„g after was staiÌ„ wtout in a water All this while at Thornton our assault their defence was stoutly coÌ„tinued but well perceiuinge how on the tone side thei were batred mined on the other kept in with hakbutters rounde about sum of our men wtin also occupiyng al the house vnder theÌ„ for ther had likewise shopt vp theÌ„selfes in the highest of their house so to do nothiÌ„g inward or outward neither by shotiÌ„g of base wherof they had but one or .ij. nor tumbling of stones the thinges of their chefe anoyaunce wherby thei might be able any while

but then am in doubte what to make of hym a he saint a she sainte or a neuter for we haue all in oure Kallendar Of the male and female sayntes euery leafe thear showthe samples inowe And as for the neuter they or rather I wot vnmarked theÌ„ vnknoweÌ„ as sainct Christmas s. CaÌ„delmas sainct Easter Sainct Whitsontide swete sainct Sunday that cums ones a weke Touchynge my doubte nowe If the day beare name in the woorship memorie of hym whome the preacher Horace doth meÌ„cion in his first booke of sermons by these wordes Pastillos Rufillus olet Satyr ii Phorcê° king of the Iles Corsica Sardinia had foure daughters Scylla Medusa Stenio Euriale called Gorgons of whome as Neptune had rauished Medusa Gorgon in the temple of Pallas This Goddes for displeasure of the fact chauÌ„ged al the heare of her hed into snakes and adders gaue her a further gyft that who so euer sawe her should be turned straighte into stone Perseus coueityng to kil this monster borowed of Mercurie his wyngs and faulchion and strooke of her hed as she slepte brought it with hym which Pallas dyd after set in her shelde it had the same pour still after as it had whyle she lyued Gorgonius hircum then may we be bold to beleue it was a he saiÌ„ct but yet a very sloouen saynt belyke a nesty If this name were Kallendred of Medusa Gorgon that had the heare of her hed tourned into adders whome Perseus ouercame and kylde as doctour Ouide declares in his .iiii. booke of chaunges Gorgonis anguicomae Perseus superator then maye we be sure it was a she saynte But yf it wear in the honour of Pallas shelde whearin thys Medusa GorgoÌ„s hed was graueÌ„ as Titus * Stroz. prÌ„ Aeolo .iiii. Stroza a deuout doctour to but of later daies doth say Gorgonis anguicomae caelatos aegide vultus Pallas habet Then was it neyther a he nor a she but a playne neuter saynte And thus with the aunciente authoritie of mere poeticall scriptures my conscience is so confounded as I wot not in the worlde what saynte to make of hym â€¡ Iacob de voragine Iames of the synkhole sauyng your reuerence a trier forsooth that wrote the Legendaurie telleth me a very preposterous order in good cookerie of one * Legend autea cap. cxxviii GorgoÌ„ his fellow Dorotheus that wear first sauced with vineger and salt and after the then broiled on a girdyroÌ„ But to be playn as it is best for a man to be with his freÌ„des he hath farced hys boke so full of lyes that it is quite out of credite in al honest coÌ„pany And for my part I am half a shamed to say that I saw it but synce it is sayd sumwhat to tell you what that I sawe Thom. CaÌ„tuar ca. xi Lupus ca. cxxiii Petr. exorcist cap. lxxiiii Thaismere trix cap. cxlvii he makes me Thomas the traytour Lupus the Lechour Peter the knaue yf I may call a coÌ„iurer so Thais the hoor all to be hye holye sainctes in heaueÌ„ that with such prodigal impudeÌ„cie so shameles liyng as I may safely thinke he had eyther a Bul to make sainctes of diuels or els a placarde to play the knaue as he list But as for Gorgon be he as he be may yt makes no great matter for he shal haue my hart while he stoÌ„des in the kallender he hath bene euer so lucky But what saynte so euer he bee he is sure no Scottes mans frend but a very angry sainte towarde them for vpon hys daye .xxxiiii. yere paste they had a greate ouerthrowe by vs at Floddom feld and their kyng Iamy the fourth slayn and thearfore is this day not smally markt among them To tell our aduentures that befell now vpon it I thinke it very mete that fyrste I aduertise how here as we lay our campe and theirs wear eyther within the sight viewe of oothers indistauÌ„ce as I gest a .ii. myle litle more a sunder we had the Fryth on the north this hil last remembred as I sayd on the south the west ende Whereof is called Fauxsyde Bray Fauxsyde Bray whereupon staÌ„deth a sory castell and half a skore houses of lyke woorthines by yt And had westward before vs the liyng in campe A long this hill beinge aboute a mile from vs were they very bisy prankyng vp and doune all the motenyng and fayne would haue bene a counsayll with the doinges of our campe We agayne because their armie semed to sit to receyue vs dyd diligentely prepare that we might soon go to them and therefore kept our campe all that daye my lordes grace and the counsaill sittyng in coÌ„sultacion the captains officers prouidyng their bandes store of vitaile furniture of weapon for furtheraunce whearof our vessels of municioÌ„ and vitailes wear here all redy come to the shore The Scottes continued their brauerie on the hill the whiche we not being so well able to beare made oute a band of light horsmeÌ„ a troop of dimilaunces to back theÌ„ our men gat vp on the hill therby of euen ground with the enemye rode straight towarde them with good spede and order Whome at the first the Scottes did boldly countenaunce abyde but after when their perceyued that our men woulde nedes cum on thei began to pricke and would fayn haue begon ear they had tolde their erraund but our meÌ„ hasted so spedely after that eueÌ„ straight thei wear at their elbowes and did so stoutly then bestur them that what in the onset at the first and after in the chase which lasted a .iii. mile wellny to as far as the furthest of their campe on the southsyde they had kylde of the Scottes within a iii. houres abooue the number of xiii C. takeÌ„ the master of Hume the lord Humes sun and heyr .ii. prestes vi gentlemeÌ„ whearof one I remeÌ„ber by syr Iaques Granado and all vpon the hyest well me niest of the hill toward them within the full sight of their hole campe Of oure syde agayne one spanish hakbutter hurt and taken Sir Rafe Bullmer knyght Thomas Gower Marshal of Berwyke and Robart Crouch all Captains of seuerall bandes of our lighthorsmen and men of right good coorage approued seruice at this tyme distrest by their awne forwardnes not by the enemies force Â¶ After this skirmish it was marueiled on their syde that we vsed so much crueltie douted on ours that wee had kylde so many Their marueyle was aunswered that they had pict the quarell first them selues shewed vs a presidente at paniarhough wher of late yeres wtout any mercie they slewe the lorde Euers a greate cumpenie with hym our dout was clered by the witnes of their oun selues who confessed that thear wear ii made out of their caÌ„pe .xv. C horsmeÌ„ for skirmish .v. C. foot men to lye

but that thei may sarue for sumeas of vnderstandynge But since the skantnes of roome wil not suffer me plainly at leÌ„gth to write thear euery places name but thearfore am fayin in stede of a name to set vp a letter The Reder must be coÌ„teÌ„t to learne his A.B.C. again such as I haue thear deuised for the expoundyng of the same viewes Thei that list to learne I trust in this point will not much stik with me considerynge also that Ignoratis Terminis Aristot. ignoratur ars Yf thei know not my A.B. C. they cannot well knowe my matter lyke as he that knowes not RaymuÌ„des Alphabete shal neuer cum to the composicion of his quintesseÌ„ce In practica testi sui ca. ii what he shal doo though sum practicioners doo dout And miÌ„ding to interrupt the proces of the battaile the followeth with as fewe mean matters as I maye I haue thought good this hereto haue before written Â¶ This day morenyng sumwhat before .viii. of the clok Saturday the x. of septeÌ„ber being the daye of the battaile our campe dislodged and our hoste marched straight toward the church of Undreske aswell for entent to haue camped nie the same as for placyng our ordenaunce oother consideracioÌ„s afore remeÌ„bred The Scottes I knowe not whither more for fear of our departynge or hope of our spoylynge wear out of their campe cummyng toward vs passed the Ryuer gathered in array and wellny at thys church ear we wear halfe wey to it They had quite disapointed our purpose and this at the first was so straunge in our eys that we coold not deuyse what to make of their meaning And so much the straunger as it was quite bysyde our expectacion or dout that they woold euer forsake their strength to mete vs in felde But we after vnderstood that they dyd not onely thus purpose to doo but also to haue assayled vs in our campe as we lay yf we had not bene sturryng the tymelyer And to th entent at this tyme that aswell none of their souldiours shoolde lurke behinde them in their campes as also that none of their Captayns shoold be able to flee from their enterprise they had first caused all their tentes to be let flat douÌ„ to the ground ear thei cam out then al that had horses aswel nobles as oother fewe except that were not horsmen appointed to leaue their horses behinde them march on with theyr souldiours afoot We cam on spedily a both sydes neither as thento ony whit ware of others entent but the Scots indede with a rounder pace Betwent the ii Hillockes betwixt vs and the church thei moustred sumwhat brim in our eyes at whoom as they stayed thear a while our galley shot of and slewe the Master of Greym with a fiue twenty nere by him and thearwith so skarred the .iiii. thousand Irish archers brought by the erle of Arguile that whear as it was sayd they shoulde haue bene a wyng to the forewarde thei coold neuer after be made to cum forwarde Hereupon dyd their armie hastely remooue from thence declyning southwarde took their direct wey towarde Fauxsyde Bray Of this sir Rafe Uane Lieutenaunt of all our horsmen as I thinke of al meÌ„ he first did note it quickly aduertised my lord whoo 's grace thearby did redily conceiue much of their meaning which was to wyn of vs the hill thearby the wynde and the sun yf it had shyned as it did not for the weather was cloudy lowriÌ„g The gain of which iii. thynges whyther party in fight of battaile can hap to obtein hath his force doubled against his enemie In all this enterprise thei vsed for hafte so lytle the help of horse that they pluct foorth their ordinauÌ„ce by draught of men whiche at this tyme begaÌ„ freely to shoot of toward vs whearby we wear further warned they meÌ„t more theÌ„ a skirmish Here with began euery man to be smitteÌ„ with the care of his office chardge thearupoÌ„ accordyngly to applie him about it Hearwith began still ridyng too fro herewith a generall rumor buzzing amooÌ„g the souldiours not vnlyke the nois of the sea beyng harde a far of herewith my lordes grace the couÌ„sel on horsbak as thei wear fell straight in consultacion The sharpnes of whoo 's circuÌ„spect wysedomes as it quyckly spyed out the enemies entntes so did it amoong other thinges proÌ„ptly prouide thearin to preuent them as nedefull it was for the tyme askt no leasure Their deuise was this that my lorde Gray with his bande of Bulleners with my lord Protectours baÌ„de my Lord Lieutenauntes al to the number of an xviii C. horsmeÌ„ on the east half sir Raâ—e Uane with sir Thomas Darey captain of the pencioners men of armes my lord Fitzwaters with his baÌ„de of dimilauÌ„ces all to the nuÌ„ber also of a .xvi. C. to be redy eueÌ„ with my lorde Marshal on the west half thus all these toogether afore to encouÌ„ter the enemies a fruÌ„t whearby either to break their array that wey weakeÌ„ their powr by disorder or at the lest to stop them of their gate force them to stay while our forewarde might hoolly haue the hilles syde our battaile and Rerewarde be placed in groundes next that in order and best for aduauntage And after this then that the same our horsmen shoolde retyre vp the hilles syde to cum doun in order a fresh and infest them on both their sydes whiles our battayles should occupie them in fight a frunt The pollecie of this deuise for the state of the case as it was to al that knue of it generally allowed to be the best the coold be euen so also takeÌ„ to be of no small dauÌ„ger for my lord Marshall sir Rafe Uane oother the assaylers the which neuertheles I knowe not whither more nobly and wisely deuised of the counsell or more valiauÌ„tly and willingly executed of them for euen thear with good coorage takyng theyr leaues of the counsel my lord Marshal requyriÌ„g onely that yf it went not well with him my lordes grace would be good to his wyfe and chyldreÌ„ he said he would mete these Scottes and so with their bandes these Captayns took theyr wey towarde the enemie By this wear our forewarde and theyrs within a .ii. flightshot a sunder The Scottes hasted with so fast a pace that it was thought of the most parte of vs they wear rather horsmen then footmen Our men again wear led the more with spede The Master of the ordinaunce to our great aduauÌ„tage pluct vp the hill then certeyn peces and soon after planted .ii. or .iii canons of them well nie vpon the top thear whearby hauing so much the helpe of the hill he might ouer oure mens heddes shoot nyest at the enemie As my lordes grace had so circuÌ„spectly takeÌ„ order for the array and station of the armie for thexecucioÌ„ of euery maÌ„s office beside

mooued that rather to thinke so bycaus sum of their crosses wear so narrowe so singly set on that a puff of wynde might haue bloweÌ„ theÌ„ froÌ„ their brestes that thei wear found right often talkiÌ„g with the Skottish prikkers wtin les then their gads length a sunder when thei perceiued thei had bene spied thei haue begun one to run at another but so apparauntly perlassent as the lookers on resembled their chasyng like the running at base in an vplondish toun whear the match is made for a quart of good ale or like the play in Robin Cooks skole whear bicaus the punics may lerne thei strike fewe strokes but by assent appointemeÌ„t I hard sum men say it did mooch augment their suspicioÌ„ that wey bicaus at the battail thei sawe these prikkers so badly demean them more inteÌ„ding the takiÌ„g of prisoners then the suerty of victorie for while oother men fought they fell to their prey that as thear wear but few of them but brought home his prisoner so wear thear many that had .vi. or .vii. Many men yet I must coÌ„fes ar not disposed all weys to say all of the best but more redy haply to fynde oothers meÌ„s fautes then to amend their oun Howbeit I thiÌ„ke sure as for our prikkers yf their fautes had bene fewer their infamye had bene les yet say I not this so moch to disprais them as for mean of ameÌ„dement Their Captains and gentlemen again ar men for the most part al of right honest seruice and approoued prowes such sure as for their well dooing woold soon becum famous yf their souldiours wear as toward as theÌ„selues be forward As thyngs fell after in communicacion one question amoÌ„g oother arose who kyld the first man this day in felde the glorie whearof one Ieronimo an Italian woold fayn haue had howbeit it was after well tryed that it was one Cuthbert Musgraue a gentlemaÌ„ of my lord of War wykes who right hardely kyld a GuÌ„ner at his pece in the Scottes foreward ear euer they begon ony whit to turne the fact for the forwardnes well deseruyng remembrauÌ„ce I thought it not mete to be let slip in silence This nyght the Skottish goouernor when he thought ones him self in sum safetie with all spede caused the erle Bothwel to be let out of prisoÌ„ which whither he did for the doubt he had that we woold haue releaced him wild he nild he or whither he woold shew hiÌ„self fayn to doo sumwhat before the peple to make sum amendes of his former faut I doo not knowe but this sure rather for suÌ„ caus of fear then for ony good will whiche was well apparaunt to all men in that he had kept the erle so long before in hold with out ony iust caus Sonday the xi of september Â¶ In the morenyng a great sort of vs rode to the place of onset whear our meÌ„ lay slayn and what by gentlemeÌ„ for their freÌ„des and seruauÌ„tes for their Masters al of theÌ„ that wear knoweÌ„ to be ours wear buried In the mean time the Master officers of the ordinauÌ„ce did very diligeÌ„tly get to gyther all the Skottish ordinauÌ„ce which bycaus it lay in sundry places thei could not inne all ouer night And these wear in nuÌ„ber a xxx peces whearof one culuerine .iii. sacres ix smaller peces of bras of iron 17. peces mo mouÌ„ted on cariage These thinges thus done suÌ„what a fore none our caÌ„pe reysed we marched aloÌ„g the Fryth syde straight toward Lyeth approchiÌ„g me the same about iii. of the clok in thafter none we pyght our fyeld a prikshot on thissyde the toun being on the southest half sumwhat shadowed froÌ„ Edinborowe by a hill but the most of it liyng wtin the ful sight shot of the castell thear in distaunce sumwhat abooue a quarter of a mile My lordes grace garded but with a small cuÌ„peny was cuÌ„meÌ„ to Lyeth well nie half an hour before the armie the whiche he found all desolate of resistauÌ„ce or ony body els Thear wear in the hauen that runneth into the mids of the roun vessels of diuers sortes a xiii Sumwhat of ode wynes wainskot and salt wear found in the toun but as but litle of that so nothiÌ„g els of value for how much of oother things as could wel be caried the inhabitauntes ouernight had pact awei with them My lord Marshall and most of our horsmen wear bestowed lodged in the toun my lordes grace my lord Lietenaunt the rest of th armie in the campe Monday the xii of september Â¶ This day my lordes grace with the counsell and sir Rychard Lee rode about that toun to the plottes and hilloks on eyther syde nie to it to viewe consider whither the same by byldyng might be made tenable and defensible Â¶ Certayne of our smaller vessels burnt Kynkorne and a toun or twoo mo stondyng on the northe shore of the Frith against Lyeth Tuysday the xiii of september In the after noon my lords grace rowed vp the Fryth a .vi. or .vii. myles westward as it runneth into the land and took in his way an Iland thear called sainct Coomes Ins which stoÌ„deth a .iiii. mile beyoÌ„d Lieth and a good wey nerar the north shore then the south yet not wtin a mile of the nerest It is but half a myle about and hath in it a prety Abbey but the mooÌ„ks wear gone fresh water inough and also coonyes and is so naturally strong as but by one way it can be entred The plot whear of my lordes grace consideryng did quikly cast to haue it kept whearby al traffik of marchauÌ„dise all coÌ„modities els commyng by the Fryth into their land vtterly the hole vse of the Fryth it self with all the hauens vppon it shoold quyte be taken from them Wednesday the .xiiii. of september Â¶ This day my lords grace tidyng bak again Estward to vyew diuers things and places tooke Dakyth in his way whear a howse of George Douglasses dooth stande and commyng sumwhat nere it he sent Soomerset his herald with a trompet before to knowe whoo kept it and whether the kepers holde it or yelde it to his grace Aunswere was made that thear was a .lx. parsons within whoom their maister liyng thear the saterday at night after the batell dyd will that they the hous and all that was in yt shoolde be at my lordes graces commaundement and pleasure Whear vppon the chefest came out and in the name of all the rest humbled hymself vnto my Lords will proferynge his grace in his Masters name diuers fayr goshaukes the whiche my Lords grace how nobly soeuer he listed to shew mercy vpoÌ„ submissioÌ„ yet vttering a more maiestie of honor then to base his generositie to the reward of his enemie did but not coÌ„temptuosly refuse and so without cuÌ„myng in past by and rode to the place whear the battell was begun to be strooken the whiche hauyng a

then sith they durst not for feare or lack of leasure conuey awey to bery while we wear in those partes thei had stict vp a mark to fynde hym the sooner when we wear goon And passyng that day all quietly a .vii. mile we camped early for that night at Crainston by a place of the Lorde of Ormstons This morenynge his grace makynge Master Andrew Dudley knight broother vnto the erle of Warwyk as his valiaunce sundry whear tried had well before deserued it dispatched my Lorde Admirall and hym by shippes full fraught wyth men and municion towarde the wynnyng of an holde in the east syde of Skotland called Broughty Crak whiche stondest in such sort at the mouth of the tyuer of Tey as that beyng gotten both Dundy sainct Iohns town and many townes els the best of the cuntrey in those partes set vppon the Tey shall eyther be cum subiecte vnto this holde or els be compelled to for goo their hole vse of the riuer for hauyng ony thyng thearby cummynge inwarde or outwarde Â¶ We went a ten myle MuÌ„day the .xix. of september and camped towarde night a littell a thissyde a market town called Lawder at the whiche as we had indede no frendely enterteynment so had we no enuious resistaunce for thear was no body at home Here as our tentes wear a pytchyng a doosein or .xx. of their hedge crepers horsmen that lay lurking thearby lyke shepe byter curres to snach vp and it wear but a sory lambe for their prey vppon a hill about half a mile sowtheast from vs ran at and hurt one of our meÌ„ For acquitaile whearof my lordes grace commaunded that .iii. or .iiii. houses such as thei wear stondyng also vppon a hill .ii. flight shot southward from our caÌ„pe shoolde be burnt Thomas fissher his graces secretarie rode straight thyther with a burnyng brand in his tone hand and his gun in the toother accoÌ„panied with no mo but one of his own men and fyred them all by and by I noted it for my part an enterprise of a right good hart courage peradueÌ„ture so mooch the rather bicaus I woold not gladly haue taken in hand to haue doon it so my self spetially since parte of these prikkers stode then within a slight shot of hiÌ„ Howbeit as in al this iorney vpon ony likelihode of bysines I euer sawe hym right wel appointed and as forward as the best so at the skirmish which the Scottes profered at Hailes castell on wedensday afore written the .vii. of this moneth I sawe none so nere them as he Whearby I maye haue good cause to be the les in doubt of his hardines Here also as we wear setteled our herauld Norrey retourned from the Skottes counsell with the Larde of Brimston and Rose their heraulde who vppon theyr sute to my Lordes grace obteyned that .v. of theyr counsell shoolde haue his graces safecundet that at ony tyme and place within fiften dayes durynge our abode in theyr cuntrey or at Berwyke the same .v. might cum and commen with .v. of our counsell touching the matters bitwene vs. Tuysday the xx of september Â¶ Rose the heraulde departed erely with this saufecundet our campe reysed and we went that day an .vii. myle till as far as Hume castell whear we camped on the westsyde of a rocky hill that they call harecrag whyche stondeth about a myle westwarde from the Castell The Lorde of Hume as I sayd lay diseased at Edenborowe of his hurt in his flight at the Frydays skyrmysh before the battayle the Lady his wife cam straight to my Lordes grace makyng her humble sute that lyke as hys goodnes had graciously bene shewed to right many oother in receyuynge them and their howses into his graces protection and assuraunce euen so that it woold pleas him to receyue and assure her and her howse the Castell My Lordes grace myndynge neuer oother but to assure her she shoolde be sure soon to forgo it turned straight her sute of assurance into communicacion of tendring for my part I doubt not but the terrour of extremitie by their obstinacy and proffit of freÌ„dship by their submission was sufficieÌ„tly shewed her the which hauyng well by like considered she lefte of her sute and desired respite for consultacion tyll the next day at noon whiche hauyng graunted her shere turned to the castell They say a matche well made is half wun we wear half put in assuraunce of a toward aunswer by the promesse of a prophecy amoong the Frenchmen which sayeth Chasteau que parloit femme que escote luÌ„g voet rendre lautre and so foorth Thear wear certeiÌ„ hakbutters that vpon appointment afore had beset the castell whoo then had further commaundement geuen them that takyng diligent hede none shoulde pas in or out without my lordes graces licence they should also not occupie ony shot or annoyaunce tyll vpon further warnyng Â¶ This Lady in this mean tyme consulted with her sun heir prisoner with vs Wednesday the .xxi. of september and with oother her frendes the kepers of the castell at the tyme appointed returned this day to my lordes grace requirynge first a longer respit till .viii. a clock at night and thearwith saufcundet for Andrew Hume her secund sun and Iohn Hume lord of Coldamknowes a kinsman of her husbaÌ„ds Captains of this castell to cum and speake with his grace in the meane while It was graunted her whearupon these Captains about .iii. of the clock cam to his Lordship after oother coouenauÌ„tes with long debatyng on bothe partes agreed vpon she and these Captains concluded to geue their assent to render the Castell so far foorth as the rest of the kepers woold thearwith be content For .ii. or .iii. within saide they wear also in charge with keping it as wel as they for knowledge of whose miÌ„des my lords grace then sent Soomerset his herauld with this lady to the castel to them who as the herauld had made them priuie of the articles woolde fayne haue had leasure for .xxiiii. houres lenger to send to their Lord to EdiÌ„borowe to kno his wil but beyng wisely sharply cauld vpoÌ„ by the herauld thei agreed to the coouenauntes afore by their Lady and capteyns concluded on Whearof parte wear as I sawe by the sequele that they shoolde departe thence the next daie mornyng by .x. of the clok with bagge and baggage as mooch as they coold cary sauyng all municion and vytayle to be left be hynde them in the Castell Howbeeit for as mooche as before tyme theyr nacion had not bene all together so iuste of coouenaunt whearby as then we mought haue cause fyrmly to credyt their promys my Lords grace prouidyng ech wey to be redy for them caused this night viii peces of our ordinaunce fenced with baskets of earth to be plaÌ„ted on the southsyde towarde the Castell within pour of batrie the hakbuttes to continue their watch and warde Thursday the xxii of

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