say_v the_o inner_a temple_n have_v late_o assume_v to_o themselves_o a_o pegasus_n whereof_o in_o particular_a i_o spare_v to_o relate_v any_o more_o for_o the_o same_o be_v vulgar_o know_v to_o all_o to_o the_o inner_a house_n be_v also_o appropriate_v divers_a learned_a legist_n from_o time_n to_o time_n which_o in_o number_n continuance_n and_o gift_n of_o nature_n do_v exceed_v every_o other_o of_o the_o say_a inn_n of_o court_n and_o therefore_o be_v ancient_o term_v inner_a temple_n boun_n pleader_n which_o continue_v to_o this_o very_a day_n and_o it_o be_v withal_o much_o esteem_v of_o beautify_v and_o grace_v with_o a_o special_a garden_n plot_n famous_a for_o its_o situation_n neatness_n and_o nearness_n of_o the_o river_n the_o ensign_n be_v azure_a a_o pegasus_n argent_fw-fr lincoln_n inn_n this_o house_n own_v a_o right_a to_o the_o arm_n as_o well_o as_o name_v of_o the_o lacy_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n have_v set_v up_o over_o the_o gate_n the_o lion_n rampant_a purpure_a commit_v a_o great_a mistake_n in_o that_o if_o sir_n john_n fern_n account_n of_o that_o family_n of_o the_o lacy_n be_v true_a which_o have_v pass_v for_o authentic_a for_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o or_o a_o lion_n rampant_a purpure_a be_v his_o right_n but_o it_o be_v only_o a_o quarter_a and_o not_o the_o paternal_a coat_n for_o his_o first_o and_o principal_a bear_n be_v party_n per_fw-la cross_n gules_a &_o 〈◊〉_d a_o bend_n sables_n over_o all_o a_o file_n or_o three_o label_n arg._n and_o this_o be_v the_o proper_a coat_n of_o those_o lacy_n the_o other_o be_v the_o coat_n of_o the_o lord_n nigeld_n or_o neal_n baron_n of_o halton_n this_o society_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n the_o next_o for_o antiquity_n and_o ancient_a ally_n to_o the_o middle_a tenple_n be_v situate_a in_o a_o street_n or_o lane_n know_v former_o by_o the_o name_n of_o new-street_n and_o now_o chancery_n lane_n be_v once_o the_o mansion-house_n of_o a_o gentleman_n call_v william_n de_fw-fr havershall_n treasurer_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o who_o for_o disloyalty_n to_o his_o sovereign_n be_v by_o the_o say_a king_n attaint_v of_o treason_n so_o that_o thereby_o his_o house_n and_o land_n become_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o thereupon_o the_o king_n give_v this_o house_n to_o ralph_n de_fw-fr nova_n villa_n vulgo_fw-la nevil_n chancellor_n of_o england_n as_o appear_z by_o a_o ancient_a record_n who_o also_o be_v bishop_n of_o chichester_n and_o keep_v his_o habitation_n or_o place_n of_o abode_n in_o that_o place_n this_o house_n come_v afterward_o to_o the_o hand_n of_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n by_o reason_n whereof_o it_o be_v call_v lincoln_n inn_n and_o keep_v the_o style_n to_o this_o day_n this_o earl_n henry_n decease_v in_o that_o house_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1310._o nevertheless_o this_o house_n do_v afterward_o continue_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n until_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o the_o interest_n thereof_o come_v by_o conveyance_n to_o justice_n gullyard_n and_o other_o feoffee_n who_o during_o his_o life_n and_o after_o he_o his_o posterity_n hold_v it_o until_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n elizabeth_n and_o then_o sir_n edw._n gullyard_n knight_n to_o who_o the_o same_o do_v successive_o descend_v by_o inheritance_n sell_v the_o same_o with_o the_o inheritance_n thereof_o to_o the_o bencher_n and_o society_n thereof_o there_o be_v no_o memory_n of_o any_o flourish_a estate_n of_o the_o student_n and_o professor_n of_o the_o common_a law_n resident_a in_o this_o college_n until_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o when_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o roll_n and_o remembrance_n of_o that_o house_n that_o the_o same_o become_v somewhat_o to_o be_v famous_a but_o now_o of_o late_a time_n this_o house_n have_v be_v much_o enlarge_v and_o beautify_v with_o rank_n of_o goodly_a edifice_n and_o also_o with_o a_o fair_a and_o goodly_a chapel_n the_o first_o of_o the_o chief_a building_n thereof_o be_v begin_v at_o the_o cost_n of_o sir_n thomas_n lovel_n knight_n then_o or_o before_o a_o fellow_n of_o that_o society_n who_o erect_v that_o fair_a gatehouse_n into_o chancery_n lane_n of_o brick_n and_o free_a stone_n whereupon_o be_v engrave_v the_o arm_n of_o lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n together_o with_o his_o own_o the_o say_a chancery_n lane_n be_v so_o call_v for_o that_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o fifteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n annex_v the_o house_n of_o covent_n by_o patent_n to_o the_o office_n of_o chancery_n now_o call_v the_o roll_n gray_n inn_n bear_v sables_n a_o griffin_n rampant_a or._n this_o house_n be_v sometime_o the_o abide_a mansion_n of_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o grace_n from_o whence_o the_o name_n of_o the_o house_n be_v deduce_v it_o be_v situate_a within_o the_o manor_n poorpoole_n a_o prebendary_a ancient_o belong_v to_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o st._n paul_n london_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o gentleman_n student_n of_o that_o society_n as_o be_v confident_o affirm_v take_v a_o grant_n of_o this_o house_n from_o the_o say_a baron_n grace_n who_o live_v in_o those_o day_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v probable_a that_o the_o gray_n arm_n have_v be_v ancient_o by_o this_o fellowship_n maintain_v and_o be_v still_o take_v up_o and_o keep_v as_o the_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a ensign_n of_o that_o college_n or_o house_n and_o thus_o the_o same_o be_v find_v portrait_v barry_n of_o six_o arg._n &_o azure_a a_o bordure_n quarterly_a or_o and_o of_o the_o second_o but_o now_o of_o late_a year_n this_o honourable_a society_n have_v assume_v for_o their_o proper_a coat_n armour_n or_o ensign_n of_o honour_n a_o griffin_n or_o in_o a_o field_n sables_n thavies_n inn_n bear_v azure_a two_o garb_n or_o on_o a_o bend_v gules_a on_o a_o chief_a sable_n a_o letter_n t._n arg._n hereafter_o ensue_v the_o inferior_a hostel_n ordain_v for_o student_n that_o profess_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v the_o better_o obtain_v unto_o themselves_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o principle_n &_o ground_n of_o the_o same_o law_n and_o be_v thereby_o the_o better_a prepare_v for_o to_o manage_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o subject_n in_o the_o several_a court_n of_o justice_n within_o the_o dominion_n whether_o at_o westminster_n or_o elsewhere_o and_o also_o by_o their_o labour_n and_o industry_n to_o become_v graduate_n and_o be_v the_o better_o enable_v to_o be_v enter_v into_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n these_o inferior_a court_n be_v nursery_n and_o be_v entitle_v inn_n of_o chancery_n and_o first_o for_o this_o thavies_n inn_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o house_n by_o all_o conjecture_n be_v the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o other_o of_o that_o nature_n and_o it_o do_v in_o that_o regard_n challenge_v the_o precedency_n in_o this_o rank_n this_o house_n be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o as_o be_v by_o 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v find_v the_o dwelling_n and_o mansion_n house_n of_o one_o john_n thavye_n citizen_n and_o armourer_n of_o london_n and_o be_v by_o the_o then_o apprentice_n of_o the_o law_n hold_v of_o he_o at_o a_o certain_a rent_n annual_a as_o by_o a_o record_n yet_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o hu_a court_n of_o london_n do_v appear_v and_o may_v be_v verify_v for_o antiquity_n but_o since_o that_o time_n the_o house_n have_v be_v purchase_v by_o the_o bencher_n or_o the_o ancient_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n which_o about_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o to_o the_o end_n that_o there_o may_v be_v entertain_v in_o that_o place_n a_o society_n of_o student_n practiser_n and_o professor_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o this_o house_n still_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o say_v thavies_n who_o be_v the_o first_o owner_n of_o it_o as_o be_v before_o mention_v furnivals_n inn_n bear_v arg._n a_o bend_n betwixt_o six_o martlet_n within_o a_o bordure_n azure_a this_o house_n be_v sometime_o the_o mansion_n of_o sir_n william_n furnivall_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o as_o by_o record_n appear_v he_o be_v afterward_o lord_n furnival_n his_o heir_n general_a marry_v to_o sir_n john_n talbot_n create_v earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o by_o reason_n whereof_o this_o mansion_n house_n come_v to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d earl_n of_o salop_n and_o afterward_o of_o late_a year_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n the_o same_o house_n be_v by_o the_o bencher_n or_o the_o ancient_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n purchase_v for_o the_o sert_v into_o the_o same_o a_o society_n of_o student_n of_o the_o common_a law_n from_o george_n lord_n talbot_n earl_n of_o salop_n as_o by_o sundry_a
only_o but_o in_o church_n preferment_n also_o and_o by_o this_o mean_n be_v it_o that_o so_o much_o corruption_n and_o abuse_n be_v the_o daily_a leprosy_n both_o of_o the_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a state_n the_o roman_n be_v so_o careful_a of_o the_o preservation_n 95._o of_o honour_n that_o they_o have_v a_o custom_n by_o which_o the_o child_n of_o noble_a person_n unprovided_a for_o shall_v be_v maintain_v out_o of_o the_o common_a treasury_n which_o custom_n though_o all_o age_n have_v most_o infinite_o applaud_v our_o nation_n have_v so_o absolute_o explode_v that_o the_o gentry_n be_v in_o all_o case_n hinder_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v of_o all_o preferment_n that_o shall_v give_v it_o they_o without_o burden_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v hope_v succeed_a time_n will_v produce_v better_a manner_n of_o the_o esquire_n the_o division_n of_o these_o dignity_n of_o honour_n be_v ancient_o but_o into_o twelve_o part_n but_o the_o addition_n of_o knight_n baronet_n have_v make_v they_o thirteen_o the_o six_o first_o only_o noble_a as_o the_o gentleman_n esquire_n knight_n bachelor_n knight_n banneret_n knight_n baronet_n and_o baron_n the_o other_o seven_o princely_a and_o be_v allow_v crown_n and_o coronet_n as_o the_o viscount_n earl_n marquesse_n duke_n prince_z king_n and_o emperor_n sir_n john_n ferne_n place_v the_o viscount_n in_o the_o first_o division_n but_o i_o think_v improper_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o coronet_n of_o the_o low_a of_o these_o enough_o be_v say_v the_o next_o be_v the_o esquire_n according_a to_o my_o intend_a method_n the_o esquire_n or_o escuyer_n be_v call_v in_o latin_a armiger_n but_o more_o ancient_o scutiger_n from_o the_o office_n of_o bear_v a_o shield_n as_o a_o attendant_n upon_o a_o knight_n and_o be_v militaris_fw-la ordinis_fw-la candidati_fw-la in_fw-la the_o field_n because_o they_o serve_v not_o as_o knight_n bachelor_n nor_o bachelor_n which_o be_v 555._o then_o a_o distinction_n the_o etymology_n of_o the_o word_n will_v something_o signify_v as_o much_o be_v from_o scutum_fw-la in_o latin_a and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o greek_a which_o be_v a_o shield_n from_o the_o ancient_a way_n of_o make_v it_o in_o leather_n armiger_n nuncupatus_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la domini_fw-la svi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d bajulat_fw-la ipsisque_fw-la 〈◊〉_d cingit_fw-la say_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossarium_fw-la p._n 50._o neither_o come_v this_o title_n in_o 176._o honorary_a among_o we_o till_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o though_o the_o title_n as_o to_o office_n be_v much_o ancient_a among_o we_o yet_o the_o ancient_a mention_n of_o it_o be_v in_o 507._o order_n vitalis_n speak_v of_o william_n fitz-osberne_a earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o odo_n earl_n of_o kent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conqueror_n nam_fw-la armigeros_fw-la suos_fw-la immodicas_fw-la praedas_fw-la etc._n etc._n facientes_fw-la dr._n argentre_n precedent_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o 88_o rheims_n speak_v thus_o of_o they_o esquire_n be_v qui_fw-fr scutum_n ducibus_fw-la aut_fw-la patronis_fw-la praeferebant_fw-la posteriùs_fw-la et_fw-la strateres_fw-la qui_fw-la dominos_fw-la in_o equos_fw-la tolleren_fw-mi &_o equos_fw-la regerent_fw-la be_v qui_fw-la primus_fw-la inter_fw-la coeteros_fw-la gradus_fw-la nobilitatis_fw-la and_o verstegen_n tell_v we_o the_o teutonick_n word_n be_v scyld-knapae_a which_o be_v a_o aug._n shield-serviture_a but_o some_o have_v since_o get_v another_o distinction_n for_o the_o title_n which_o be_v that_o they_o be_v gentleman_n bear_v arm_n and_o armoury_n in_o testimony_n of_o nobility_n or_o race_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v come_v sir_n edward_n cook_n 〈◊〉_d in_o his_o exposition_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o hen._n 3._o chap._n 5._o of_o addition_n say_v that_o the_o word_n esquire_n armiger_n or_o scutiger_n in_o legal_a understanding_n be_v derive_v ab_fw-la armis_fw-la quae_fw-la clypeis_fw-la gentilitiis_fw-la honoris_fw-la insignia_fw-la gestant_fw-la in_o which_o sense_n as_o a_o name_n of_o estate_n and_o degree_n it_o be_v use_v in_o divers_a act_n of_o parliament_n before_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n and_o after_o also_o but_o by_o this_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o title_n be_v lose_v and_o every_o gentleman_n of_o coat-armor_n shall_v have_v as_o great_a a_o share_n in_o it_o as_o themselves_o which_o in_o truth_n have_v not_o be_v since_o the_o divide_v the_o gentility_n into_o these_o two_o division_n when_o this_o title_n of_o esquire_n be_v make_v a_o legal_a and_o appropriate_v addition_n of_o these_o there_o be_v four_o sort_n by_o creation_n 100_o by_o birth_n by_o dignity_n and_o by_o office_n esquire_n by_o creation_n be_v sometime_o make_v by_o patent_n as_o one_o jo._n de_fw-fr kingston_n be_v by_o king_n richard_n as_o i_o mention_v before_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o state_n of_o a_o gentleman_n and_o make_v a_o esquire_n 51._o and_o sometime_o by_o the_o give_n of_o a_o collar_n of_o ss_z by_o the_o king_n as_o a_o ensign_n of_o the_o title_n eúmve_fw-la say_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n argentatis_fw-la calcaribus_fw-la donaverit_fw-la which_o silver_n spur_n be_v give_v by_o the_o king_n as_o the_o gold_n be_v to_o the_o knight_n to_o difference_n the_o honour_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v call_v white-spur_n there_o be_v common_o give_v to_o he_o also_o a_o addition_n to_o his_o paternal_a coat_n or_o a_o new_a coat_n if_o he_o own_v none_o before_o which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o descendants_n only_a of_o his_o body_n not_o relate_v to_o any_o of_o his_o line_n beside_o and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o that_o ibid._n coat-armor_n be_v ever_o a_o esquire_n esquire_n by_o birth_n be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o knight_n and_o their_o elder_a son_n successive_o sir_n john_n ferne_n and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n call_v all_o esquire_n that_o be_v the_o son_n of_o lord_n be_v not_o allow_v the_o title_n of_o lord_n but_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n ibid._n again_o propriè_fw-la natalitio_fw-la jure_fw-la armigeri_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la equitum_fw-la auratorum_fw-la silij_fw-la primogeniti_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la ipsis_fw-la haeredes_fw-la inperpetuum_fw-la masculi_fw-la those_o by_o office_n be_v such_o as_o bear_v high_a office_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o king_n palace_n have_v not_o the_o augmentation_n of_o knighthood_n or_o lordship_n such_o be_v the_o sergeant_n at_o law_n ferne._n sheriff_n escheator_n the_o sergeant_n of_o every_o office_n in_o the_o court_n but_o these_o be_v only_o the_o possessor_n of_o that_o dignity_n it_o die_v with_o they_o and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o if_o he_o lose_v his_o office_n that_o be_v a_o gentleman_n by_o office_n he_o lo_o faith_fw-mi his_o gentility_n also_o and_o this_o ennoble_n by_o office_n be_v also_o among_o the_o saxon_n and_o have_v so_o continue_v among_o they_o say_v mr._n lambert_n if_o a_o churl_n so_o thrive_v that_o he_o have_v full_o five_o hide_n of_o land_n of_o his_o own_o a_o church_n and_o a_o kitchen_n a_o bellhouse_n and_o a_o gate_n a_o seat_n a_o several_a office_n in_o the_o king_n hall_n than_o be_v he_o the_o theyne_n right_o worthy_a among_o which_o sort_n of_o esq_n those_o four_o of_o the_o king_n body_n be_v the_o principal_a which_o he_o say_v be_v to_o be_v esteem_v above_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o knight_n and_o indeed_o in_o all_o procession_n of_o state_n 246._o they_o go_v before_o the_o master_n of_o the_o jewell-house_n all_o judge_n or_o sergeant_n at_o the_o law_n of_o knighthood_n in_o general_a and_o of_o the_o knight_n bachelor_n of_o the_o distinction_n by_o knighthood_n there_o be_v many_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n but_o in_o england_n only_o these_o knights_z bachelor_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n knight_n banneret_n and_o knight_n baronet_n and_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n the_o word_n knight_n as_o mr._n selden_n say_v come_v from_o the_o saxon_a 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v pver_fw-la or_o servus_n as_o dienaknecht_n be_v yet_o among_o the_o dutch_a for_o a_o manservant_n so_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n be_v call_v milites_fw-la or_o chivaler_n 170._o because_o their_o service_n be_v military_a knight_n say_v mr._n cambden_n who_o of_o our_o english_a lawyer_n be_v term_v also_o in_o latin_a milites_fw-la and_o in_o all_o nation_n almost_o beside_o take_v their_o name_n of_o horse_n the_o italian_n call_v they_o cavalari_n the_o french_a chevalier_n the_o german_n kutter_n and_o our_o britan_n in_o wales_n margagh_n all_o of_o ride_v englishman_n only_a term_n they_o knight_n by_o a_o word_n that_o in_o old_a english-language_n as_o also_o of_o the_o german_a signify_v indifferent_o a_o servitor_n or_o minister_n and_o a_o lusty_a young_a man_n hereupon_o it_o come_v that_o in_o the_o old_a write_v gospel_n translate_v into_o the_o saxon_a we_o read_v for_o christ_n disciple_n christ_n leorning_n knight_n and_o elsewhere_o for_o client_n or_o vassal_n 〈◊〉_d and_o bracton_n our_o ancient_a civil_a lawyer_n make_v mention_n of_o rad_n cnyht_n that_o be_v
king_n who_o give_v it_o he_o that_o be_v create_v then_o he_o return_v thanks_o for_o his_o great_a honour_n withdraw_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n he_o come_v in_o the_o trumper_n sound_v and_o so_o he_o go_v to_o dinner_n where_o after_o the_o second_o service_n be_v go_v up_o the_o garter_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o herald_n come_v near_o the_o table_n where_o first_o pronounce_v largesse_n with_o a_o loud_a voice_n he_o declare_v the_o king_n style_n in_o latin_a french_a and_o english_a and_o then_o stand_v somewhat_o further_o off_o pronounce_v largesse_n again_o with_o the_o style_n of_o he_o that_o be_v new_o create_v in_o which_o form_n be_v william_n cecil_n create_v 58._o lord_n burghley_n 15._o of_o febr._n 13._o elizab._n of_o the_o viscount_n this_o word_n in_o latin_a be_v vicecomes_a which_o be_v interpret_v from_o the_o office_n of_o the_o person_n who_o be_v one_o cui_fw-la dominus_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la comes_fw-la committit_fw-la vice_n svas_fw-la sive_fw-la gubernationem_fw-la castri_fw-la say_v sir_n john_n ferne._n the_o title_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o same_o order_n in_o france_n which_o there_o be_v only_o first_o substitute_n to_o earl_n till_z get_v themselves_o first_o in_o power_n get_v also_o to_o have_v the_o title_n honorary_a and_o hereditary_a between_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n it_o be_v the_o same_o word_n which_o signify_v our_o sheriff_n and_o begin_v not_o with_o we_o till_o about_o the_o 18._o year_n 21._o of_o henry_n the_o six_o who_o then_o create_v john_n lord_n beaumond_n viscount_n beaumond_n by_o letter_n patent_n though_o sir_n john_n fern_n tell_v we_o of_o it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o and_o king_n stephen_n and_o though_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o duke_n be_v style_v earl_n during_o their_o father_n life_n time_n so_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o marquess_n be_v style_v by_o their_o father_n vicounty_n and_o barony_n and_o call_v lord_n and_o the_o young_a son_n salute_v with_o lord_n yet_o it_o be_v by_o 〈◊〉_d only_o to_o this_o degree_n be_v allow_v a_o surcoat_n mantle_n 1._o hood_n and_o a_o circulet_fw-la without_o either_o flower_n or_o point_n as_o in_o the_o discourse_n of_o armoury_n shall_v 821._o be_v see_v and_o be_v create_v with_o the_o same_o ceremony_n those_o above_o he_o be_v of_o the_o count_n or_o earl_n the_o next_o precedency_n be_v a_o earl_n call_v in_o latin_a comes_n and_o thence_o be_v a_o english_a word_n count_n which_o word_n come_v we_o have_v from_o the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n among_o who_o 220._o they_o use_v it_o for_o the_o title_n of_o sundry_a office_n coke_n define_v they_o thus_o dicuntur_fw-la comites_fw-la 5._o quia_fw-la à _fw-la comitatu_fw-la five_o à _fw-la societate_fw-la nomen_fw-la sumpserunt_fw-la qui_fw-la etiam_fw-la dici_fw-la possunt_fw-la consules_a a_o consulendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o john_n of_o salisbury_n who_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o say_v thus_o comites_fw-la dici_fw-la à _fw-la 〈◊〉_d participatione_fw-la and_o the_o word_n earl_n we_o have_v from_o the_o saxon_n from_o whence_o till_o we_o borrow_v the_o word_n honour_n we_o use_v the_o word_n earl_n for_o gentle_a or_o noble_a and_o ethel_n which_o be_v sometime_o abridge_v to_o el_fw-es so_o that_o of_o ear-ethel_a it_o be_v ear-el_a and_o by_o abbreviation_n earl_n which_o the_o dutch_a call_v eorle_n 315._o among_o the_o german_n they_o have_v the_o word_n grave_a for_o it_o as_o palsgrave_n landgrave_n reingrave_n etc._n etc._n from_o the_o word_n gerefa_n by_o abbreviation_n gereve_n and_o grave_a as_o also_o reve_n from_o whence_o our_o shierreve_n or_o shirriffe_n as_o some_o do_v 325._o abbreviate_v it_o which_o word_n in_o the_o teutonick_n signify_v a_o disposer_n or_o director_n other_o have_v that_o the_o word_n with_o the_o saxon_n be_v erlig_n and_o ethling_n and_o use_v for_o the_o same_o office_n of_o ealderman_n be_v before_o and_o the_o 15._o word_n ealderman_n which_o now_o be_v write_v alderman_n be_v transfer_v to_o a_o low_a degree_n who_o use_v the_o word_n also_o thegon_v or_o thaine_z for_o baron_n as_o i_o say_v before_o but_o the_o word_n ealderman_n and_o ethling_n it_o seem_v do_v only_o signify_v they_o according_a to_o civil_a power_n and_o the_o word_n heretoga_n from_o whence_o hertshog_n for_o their_o military_a power_n the_o former_a word_n be_v no_o more_o than_o 605._o senior_n or_o senator_n this_o title_n of_o ealderman_n continue_v for_o deuce_n principes_fw-la &_o comites_fw-la until_o canutus_n reign_n when_o 609._o the_o word_n earl_n be_v bring_v in_o and_o the_o other_o lose_v as_o to_o that_o honor._n what_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o ealderman_n in_o those_o time_n be_v and_o how_o absolute_a or_o large_a be_v to_o i_o yet_o uncertain_a though_o large_a it_o be_v doubtless_o because_o of_o the_o several_a office_n that_o be_v under_o they_o but_o as_o it_o have_v remain_v since_o the_o conquest_n we_o find_v more_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n their_o possession_n be_v sometime_o the_o whole_a territory_n they_o derive_v their_o title_n from_o and_o sometime_o not_o but_o some_o particular_a 〈◊〉_d or_o place_n in_o it_o we_o find_v also_o that_o both_o it_o and_o thane_n be_v honorary_a and_o feudall_a title_n upon_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n this_o word_n be_v turn_v into_o comes_n or_o count_n since_o when_o it_o have_v remain_v and_o this_o word_n in_o the_o empire_n be_v give_v to_o quotquot_fw-la è_fw-la comitatu_fw-la principis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d erant_fw-la to_o all_o that_o be_v admit_v to_o society_n of_o the_o prince_n so_o the_o 〈◊〉_d style_v they_o in_o war_n commilitones_n in_o the_o court_n comites_fw-la the_o dignity_n be_v of_o divers_a kind_n for_o a_o earl_n 109._o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a be_v equal_a to_o a_o prince_n this_o title_n as_o it_o continue_v since_o the_o conquest_n be_v either_o local_a or_o personal_a local_a as_o from_o the_o denomination_n of_o some_o county_n or_o 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marchio_n be_v put_v in_o the_o
&_o argent_fw-fr the_o arm_n of_o the_o episcopal_a sea_n of_o bath_n and_o wells_n the_o three_o be_v gules_a a_o saltyre_n or_o surmount_v of_o another_o vert_fw-fr by_o the_o name_n of_o andrews_n the_o four_o be_v sables_n a_o saltyre_n argent_fw-fr in_o the_o fesse_v point_v a_o inescutcheon_n or_o charge_v with_o a_o cross_n gules_a and_o this_o though_o we_o shall_v allow_v colour_n upon_o colour_n and_o metal_n upon_o metal_n to_o be_v false_a heraldry_n yet_o be_v good_a the_o last_o be_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o distinct_a scutcheon_n it_o be_v of_o pretence_n and_o of_o another_o family_n the_o last_o of_o these_o ordinary_n be_v the_o bar_n which_o though_o it_o be_v allow_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o particular_a ordinary_n yet_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v but_o a_o diminutive_a of_o the_o fez_n however_o differ_v only_o in_o this_o that_o it_o have_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o field_n and_o take_v place_n any_o where_o which_o the_o fez_n can_v this_o also_o have_v its_o 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two_o in_o the_o second_o and_o one_o in_o the_o last_o by_o the_o name_n of_o sabridge_n court._n the_o eight_o be_v barry_v of_o ten_o or_o and_o azure_a in_o a_o canton_n gules_a a_o chaplet_n argent_fw-fr by_o the_o name_n of_o holms_n of_o 〈◊〉_d the_o nine_o be_v barry_n of_o six_o on_o a_o chief_a between_o two_o 〈◊〉_d party_n per_fw-la bend_v dexter_a and_o sinister_a two_o pallet_n or_o and_o azure_a over_o all_o a_o inescutcheon_n arg._n which_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n thus_o have_v i_o run_v through_o all_o the_o ordinary_n with_o their_o variety_n of_o bar_v in_o their_o due_a order_n according_a to_o their_o usual_a term_n of_o proper_a blazonry_n in_o the_o next_o i_o shall_v show_v some_o other_o form_n of_o charge_n frame_v of_o such_o like_a line_n in_o the_o escutcheon_n and_o then_o proceed_v to_o show_v 〈◊〉_d all_o the_o part_n be_v &_o counterchange_n first_o then_o as_o in_o this_o shield_n there_o be_v or_o a_o orle_fw-mi azure_a by_o the_o name_n of_o bartram_n lord_n of_o bothall_n the_o second_o be_v or_o a_o orle_fw-mi of_o three_o piece_n 〈◊〉_d the_o three_o argent_fw-fr a_fw-fr orle_fw-mi engrayl_v on_o the_o inner_a side_n gules_a the_o four_o be_v or_o a_o double_a tressure_n flory_n 〈◊〉_d the_o five_o be_v sables_n a_o fret_v or_n by_o the_o lord_n mautravers_n now_o quarter_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n the_o six_o vert_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d or_o this_o with_o the_o distinction_n of_o a_o second_o brother_n in_o a_o three_o house_n be_v the_o coat-armor_n of_o sir_n george_n whitmore_n late_a lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n in_o the_o three_o last_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d a_o lozenge_n and_o a_o mascle_n the_o pile_n be_v a_o honourable_a bear_n though_o not_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o ordinary_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o this_o have_v divers_a way_n of_o bear_v and_o be_v free_a to_o any_o place_n of_o the_o field_n but_o its_o property_n be_v to_o issue_n from_o the_o middle_n chief_a and_o extend_v with_o 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for_o their_o nearness_n of_o form_n have_v i_o insert_v the_o gyron_n with_o its_o variety_n as_o in_o the_o six_o gules_a a_o gyron_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o dexter_a point_n or._n the_o seven_o be_v argent_fw-fr two_o gyron_n gules_a these_o do_v always_o meet_v in_o 〈◊〉_d with_o their_o point_n and_o therefore_o 〈◊〉_d be_v needless_a to_o name_v the_o place_n only_o name_v their_o number_n and_o colour_n the_o eight_o be_v gyrony_n of_o eight_o piece_n or_o and_o azure_a a_o canton_n ermine_n by_o the_o name_n of_o octon_n the_o last_o be_v gyrony_n of_o twelve_o argent_fw-fr and_o sables_n and_o so_o be_v they_o always_o to_o be_v blazon_v gyrony_n of_o so_o many_o if_o they_o be_v more_o than_o two_o these_o i_o must_v confess_v shall_v proper_o have_v be_v place_v among_o the_o counter-change_n but_o my_o digression_n be_v excusable_a since_o it_o be_v so_o near_o concern_v as_o the_o single_a gyron_n belong_v proper_o to_o that_o place_n and_o than_o that_o the_o counter-change_n be_v so_o near_o in_o a_o concordancy_n as_o the_o next_o discourse_n must_v bring_v they_o in_o which_o be_v to_o describe_v the_o partition_n and_o counter-change_n according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o every_o ordinary_a and_o first_o of_o the_o partition_n as_o in_o the_o first_o next_o example_n the_o first_o in_o this_o example_n be_v party_n per_fw-la cross_n arg._n and_o gules_a by_o sir_n henry_n cock_n of_o hertfordshire_n and_o here_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o though_o the_o mettle_n be_v more_o honourable_a yet_o if_o the_o colour_n possess_v the_o dexter_a part_n or_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o field_n that_o be_v first_o to_o be_v name_v and_o by_o the_o way_n i_o must_v here_o observe_v that_o some_o will_v have_v this_o to_o be_v blazon_v quarterly_o but_o certain_o improper_o unless_o the_o quarter_n be_v charge_v for_o why_o shall_v this_o ordinary_n above_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v deny_v the_o privilege_n of_o partition_n which_o all_o have_v but_o the_o chief_a that_o in_o its_o propriety_n be_v form_v but_o of_o one_o line_n the_o second_o quarter_n bear_v party_n per_fw-la pale_a a_o bend_v counter-changed_n argent_fw-fr and_o gules_a by_o sir_n geofry_n chaucer_n the_o three_o party_n per_fw-la bend_v or_o and_o vert_fw-fr by_o the_o name_n of_o holy_a the_o four_o party_n per_fw-la cheveron_n sables_n and_o argent_fw-fr by_o the_o name_n of_o aston_n the_o five_o party_n per_fw-la fez_n or_o and_o azure_a the_o six_o party_n per_fw-la pile_n in_o point_n or_o and_o sable_n now_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o this_o and_o the_o pile_n alone_o be_v that_o the_o line_n meet_v at_o the_o very_a base_a of_o the_o escutcheon_n and_o other_o short_a and_o sometime_o this_o be_v change_v by_o a_o reverse_n as_o in_o the_o next_o example_n which_o be_v the_o seven_o party_n per_fw-la pile_n reverse_v or_o gules_a and_o sable_n which_o be_v very_o rare_a for_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o field_n into_o three_o colour_n as_o the_o last_o be_v also_o the_o eight_o be_v party_n per_fw-la saltyre_n ermine_n and_o gules_a the_o nine_o be_v party_n per_fw-la pale_a and_o base_a gules_a argent_fw-fr and_o sable_a the_o counter-change_n be_v thus_o first_o party_n per_fw-la pale_a or_o and_o gules_a three_o roundall_n counterchange_v the_o second_o be_v party_n per_fw-la cheveron_n unde_fw-la three_o panther_n bend_v erase_v counter-changed_n sab._n and_o or_n by_o the_o name_n of_o smith_n of_o norfolk_n the_o three_o be_v pal_o of_o six_o a_o bend-pal_o as_o many_o all_o counter-changed_n argent_fw-fr and_o gules_a which_o be_v a_o quarter_a of_o that_o honourable_a gentleman_n the_o lord_n strafford_n the_o four_o be_v barry_v of_o six_o party_n per_fw-la pale_a indent_v argent_fw-fr and_o gules_a counter-changed_n the_o five_o be_v barry_v py_o
of_o eight_o piece_n gules_a and_o or_o by_o the_o name_n of_o holland_n the_o six_o be_v paly-bendy_a or_o and_o sable_n the_o seven_o be_v paly_a of_o six_o argent_fw-fr and_o gules_a on_o a_o chief_a as_o the_o field_n as_o many_o crescent_o all_o counter-changed_n the_o eight_o be_v barry_v of_o six_o argent_fw-fr and_o sables_n indent_v one_o in_o the_o other_o the_o nine_o be_v barry_v bendy_a arg._n and_o sables_n thus_o i_o have_v run_v through_o all_o the_o bearing_n of_o the_o ordinary_n both_o plain_a and_o in_o their_o variety_n together_o with_o the_o partition_n and_o counter-change_n i_o shall_v now_o as_o concise_o lay_v down_o all_o the_o ordinary_a bearing_n as_o well_o of_o natural_a and_o celestial_a thing_n as_o all_o sublunary_n of_o beast_n bird_n fish_n vegetable_n and_o artificial_o in_o the_o best_a method_n i_o can_v according_a to_o the_o blazon_n of_o leigh_n 〈◊〉_d guillim_n and_o other_o the_o best_a i_o can_v consult_v in_o this_o study_n of_o celestial_o as_o for_o celestial_o i_o shall_v skip_v over_o some_o of_o they_o as_o angel_n cherubim_n and_o the_o like_a because_o they_o be_v obvious_a enough_o to_o every_o man_n judgement_n when_o ever_o they_o be_v meet_v with_o as_o some_o of_o these_o example_n be_v also_o the_o first_o of_o these_o quartering_n show_v the_o example_n of_o gules_a a_o increscent_fw-la or_o by_o the_o name_n of_o descus_fw-la the_o second_o azure_a the_o sun_n in_o its_o full_a glory_n by_o the_o name_n of_o st._n clear_a the_o three_o be_v azure_a the_o moon_n decrescent_fw-la proper_a where_o the_o difference_n from_o the_o first_o be_v from_o the_o contrary_a position_n of_o they_o which_o be_v the_o same_o in_o the_o firmament_n and_o by_o this_o rule_n any_o man_n at_o the_o first_o sight_n may_v know_v in_o what_o state_n the_o moon_n be_v though_o he_o never_o see_v a_o almanac_n the_o four_o be_v azure_a a_o moon_n in_o her_o compliment_n proper_a the_o five_o or_o the_o sun_n eclipse_v sables_n the_o six_o be_v argent_fw-fr the_o moon_n in_o her_o eclipse_n sables_n the_o seven_o azure_a a_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o dexter_a corner_n of_o the_o escutcheon_n bendwaye_n proper_a by_o the_o name_n of_o aldham_n the_o eight_o be_v gules_a a_o chief_a argent_fw-fr at_o the_o low_a part_n thereof_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n issue_v out_o of_o a_o cloud_n proper_a by_o the_o name_n of_o lesone_n of_o northamptonshire_n the_o nine_o be_v azure_a a_o comet_n or_o stream_v proper_a and_o unto_o these_o i_o have_v add_v one_o more_o escutcheon_n of_o the_o like_a bearing_n because_o of_o the_o rareness_n of_o they_o the_o first_o be_v azure_a jupiter_n thunderbolt_n in_o pale_a or_o inflame_v at_o both_o end_v proper_a shafted_a saltyre-waye_n and_o wing_a fessewaye_n argent_fw-fr the_o second_o argent_fw-fr a_o rainbow_n proper_a issue_v out_o of_o two_o peteet_a cloud_n in_o fesse_v azure_a the_o three_o gules_a a_o chief_a argent_fw-fr over_o all_o a_o escarbuncle_n of_o eight_o staves-pommette_a and_o florette_n or_n which_o say_v guillim_n be_v the_o coat-armor_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o anjou_n of_o who_o be_v geoffry_n plantagenet_n the_o four_o be_v or_o six_o firebrand_n inflame_v proper_a the_o five_o sable_n a_o bend_n or_o between_o six_o fountain_n proper_a by_o the_o lord_n sturton_n the_o six_o argent_fw-fr a_o cheveron_n sables_n between_o three_o flame_n of_o fire_n proper_a the_o seven_o be_v sables_n a_o star_n of_o eight_o point_n or_o between_o two_o flanch_v ermine_n and_o a_o canton_n of_o ulster_n by_o sir_n john_n hubbart_n of_o norfolk_n the_o eight_o party_n per_n bend_v crenelle_n point_v the_o one_o in_o the_o other_o argent_fw-fr &_o azure_a four_o crescent_n by_o couple_n interlace_v counterchange_v the_o nine_o ermine_n on_o a_o chief_a sab._n three_o crescent_n arg_fw-mi of_o beast_n next_o of_o beaft_n as_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o most_o proper_a to_o order_n as_o the_o more_o noble_a creature_n though_o i_o confess_v it_o be_v contrary_a to_o mr._n guillims_n method_n and_o of_o those_o in_o the_o first_o place_n lion_n as_o the_o principal_a of_o they_o which_o be_v diverse_o bear_v and_o from_o their_o several_a posture_n receive_v a_o several_a character_n of_o blazon_v which_o be_v cautious_o to_o be_v observe_v as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o thing_n and_o it_o be_v not_o difficult_a for_o any_o indifferent_a genius_n without_o much_o discourse_n which_o will_v but_o make_v up_o a_o tedious_a prolixity_n to_o little_a or_o no_o purpose_n when_o verbum_fw-la sapienti_fw-la sit_v est_fw-la be_v a_o proverb_n in_o every_o man_n mouth_n the_o first_o example_n be_v of_o azure_a a_o lion_n rampant_a argent_fw-fr be_v the_o coat-armor_n of_o roger_n de_fw-fr montealto_n who_o be_v a_o benefactor_n to_o westminster-abbey_n the_o second_o be_v or_o a_o lion_n sayliant_a gules_a the_o three_o be_v gules_a a_o lion_n passant_a guardant_n or_o which_o be_v the_o coat-armor_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o aquitane_n be_v join_v with_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o henry_n the_o second_o be_v before_o two_o lion_n the_o posture_n and_o colour_n one_o then_o indeed_o call_v leopard_n as_o they_o be_v most_o proper_o so_o call_v where_o they_o be_v not_o of_o royal_a bearing_n if_o they_o be_v more_o than_o one_o in_o a_o field_n and_o guardant_n as_o 〈◊〉_d will_v have_v it_o this_o same_o single_a lion_n passant_a guardant_n only_o the_o colour_n contrary_a as_o or_o a_o lion_n passant_a guardant_n gules_a say_v the_o welsh_a petegree_n be_v the_o coat-armor_n of_o roderick_n the_o great_a prince_n of_o wales_n in_o the_o year_n 843._o by_o which_o account_n coat-armor_n have_v gain_v a_o great_a antiquity_n the_o four_o example_n be_v of_o lion_n passant_a and_o not_o guardant_n which_o be_v gules_a two_o bar_n ermine_n in_o chief_a a_o lion_n passant_a party_n per_fw-la pal_z or_o &_o argent_fw-fr by_o the_o name_n of_o hill_n of_o norfolk_n the_o five_o be_v gules_a a_o lion_n seiant_fw-la argent_fw-fr the_o six_o be_v or_o a_o lion_n couchant_a gul._n the_o seven_o be_v azure_a a_o lion_n dormant_n or._n the_o eight_o be_v or_o a_o lion_n rampant_a regard_v coward_n sables_n the_o last_o be_v gules_a a_o tricorporated_n lion_n issue_v out_o of_o three_o corner_n of_o the_o field_n and_o meet_v under_o one_o head_n in_o fesse_v or_n which_o be_v the_o coat-armor_n of_o edward_n crouchback_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n lion_n be_v sometime_o with_o the_o tail_n elevate_v over_o the_o head_n sometime_o with_o the_o tail_n fork_a and_o sometime_o you_o shall_v meet_v with_o demy-lion_n which_o be_v half_a lion_n passant_a and_o rampant_a and_o sometime_o head_n erase_v or_o coup_v but_o if_o caboss_v than_o they_o be_v ever_o 〈◊〉_d leopard_n head_n as_o in_o these_o example_n the_o first_o azure_a on_o a_o chief_a or_o a_o demy-lion_n rampant_a issuant_n out_o gules_a languid_a and_o arm_v of_o the_o first_o by_o the_o name_n of_o markham_n the_o second_o be_v azure_a three_o demy-lion_n passant_a guardant_n or_o languid_a and_o arm_v gules_a by_o the_o name_n of_o hammon_n of_o acris_fw-la in_o kent_n now_o the_o french_a be_v so_o severe_a that_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v the_o term_n of_o lion_n to_o any_o either_o whole_a or_o demy_fw-fr that_o be_v guardant_n but_o i_o think_v without_o reason_n the_o three_o be_v or_o out_o of_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o fez_n sable_n a_o demy-lion_n rampant_a naissant_a gules_a languid_a and_o arm_a azure_a where_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o take_v notice_n that_o if_o it_o be_v arm_v or_o languid_a by_o any_o other_o colour_n than_o the_o body_n unless_o gules_a it_o be_v a_o blemish_n to_o it_o but_o gules_a signify_v blood_n add_v to_o it_o so_o it_o be_v a_o abatement_n if_o it_o be_v without_o tongue_n tooth_n or_o claw_n the_o four_o be_v verry_n argent_fw-fr &_o azure_a on_o a_o pale_a gules_a three_o leopard_n head_n or_o by_o the_o name_n of_o ockould_n the_o five_o be_v azure_a three_o leopard_n head_n coop_v or._n this_o coat_n be_v in_o the_o walk_n under_o lincoln_n inn_n chapel_n and_o i_o think_v be_v very_o rare_a the_o six_o be_v azure_a a_o cheveron_n betwixt_o three_o lion_n he_o id_v erase_v ermine_n crown_v or_o the_o coat-armor_n of_o 〈◊〉_d worthy_a benefactor_n of_o paul_n sir_n paul_n pindar_n the_o seven_o be_v sables_n three_o lion_n entail_v erase_v argent_fw-fr by_o the_o name_n of_o cork_n the_o eight_o be_v gules_a a_o cheveron_n betwixt_o three_o lion_n paw_n erect_v and_o erase_v within_o a_o bordure_n argent_fw-fr in_o a_o chief_a of_o the_o second_o a_o eagle_n display_v sable_n by_o the_o name_n of_o brown_n the_o nine_o be_v sables_n two_o lion_n paw_n one_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o dexter_n the_o other_o out_o of_o the_o sinister_a point_n of_o the_o escutcheon_n in_o
azure_a by_o the_o lord_n brudenell_n of_o mechanical_a thing_n the_o last_o example_n that_o i_o shall_v insert_v be_v of_o other_o more_o ordinary_a mechanical_a thing_n the_o first_o be_v arg._n a_o cheveron_n between_o three_o palmer_n scrip_n sables_n the_o tassel_n and_o buckle_n or_o by_o sir_n henry_n palmer_n of_o kent_n the_o second_o be_v gules_a a_o cheveron_n between_o three_o irish_a broge_n or._n the_o three_o be_v sables_n three_o pickaxe_n argent_fw-fr by_o the_o name_n of_o pigot_n the_o four_o be_v arg._n a_o fesse_v between_o three_o phean_n sable_n by_o the_o name_n of_o rowdon_n of_o yorkshire_n the_o six_o be_v sables_n three_o bell_n arg._n by_o the_o name_n of_o porter_n the_o six_o be_v azure_a three_o howboy_n between_o as_o many_o cross_a crosselet_n or_o by_o the_o name_n of_o bourden_n the_o seven_o be_v or_o on_o a_o bend_v az._n three_o katherine_n wheel_n arg._n by_o the_o name_n of_o rudhall_n the_o eight_o az._n three_z level_v with_o their_o plumet_n or_o by_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d the_o nine_o be_v arg._n three_o bezant_n on_o a_o chief_a 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o here_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o if_o these_o roundal_n be_v charge_v in_o counter-change_n as_o before_o than_o they_o be_v only_o call_v roundal_n but_o if_o any_o other_o 〈◊〉_d as_o in_o this_o example_n they_o be_v of_o a_o various_a blazon_n according_a to_o their_o colour_n as_o thus_o if_o they_o be_v or_o than_o they_o be_v call_v bezant_n argent_fw-fr plate_n sable_n pellet_n gules_a vorteux_n lightblew_a hurt_n vert_fw-fr pomeye_n purpure_a golp_n teune_n orange_n sanguine_a gules_a and_o thus_o much_o i_o think_v sufficient_a to_o be_v say_v of_o the_o example_n of_o charge_n in_o coat-armor_n in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o be_o to_o show_v the_o difference_n of_o helm_n which_o distingnish_v in_o some_o part_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o bearer_n in_o his_o degree_n the_o crown_n and_o 〈◊〉_d differ_v more_o particular_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o nobility_n i_o shall_v also_o exemplify_v in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o discourse_n and_o i_o hope_v shall_v raise_v in_o some_o measure_n a_o relation_n to_o the_o old_a proverb_n finis_fw-la coronat_fw-la opus_fw-la of_o helmet_n the_o difference_n of_o helm_n be_v always_o express_v when_o the_o crest_n be_v give_v and_o by_o this_o difference_n a_o gentleman_n be_v know_v in_o his_o degree_n by_o his_o hatchment_n as_o much_o as_o these_o follow_a example_n 〈◊〉_d these_o helmet_n be_v sometime_o call_v cask_n and_o timber_n by_o the_o french_a helenum_n by_o the_o roman_n cassidem_fw-la by_o the_o greek_n galeam_fw-la a_o cover_v for_o the_o head_n in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o our_o manner_n of_o bear_v crest_n on_o they_o be_v from_o their_o ancient_a fancy_n of_o adorn_v their_o helmet_n with_o some_o kind_n of_o monstrous_a device_n as_o the_o head_n or_o mouth_n of_o a_o lion_n the_o paw_n or_o horn_n of_o certain_a beast_n to_o appear_v more_o terrible_a and_o that_o which_o we_o call_v mantle_n be_v not_o as_o some_o do_v ridiculous_o suppose_v the_o vestment_n which_o they_o usual_o have_v to_o wear_v over_o their_o atm_n in_o war_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o secure_v their_o shield_n from_o weather_n but_o from_o this_o original_n that_o prince_n and_o chief_a commander_n use_v to_o adorn_v their_o helmet_n according_a to_o their_o quality_n with_o rich_a buckle_n stud_n and_o circlets_z of_o gold_n garnish_v with_o rich_a and_o costly_a stone_n and_o on_o the_o top_n or_o crest_n of_o they_o wreath_n of_o cord_a 24_o 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o livery_n of_o their_o lady_n and_o mistress_n as_o also_o some_o curl_a 〈◊〉_d of_o hair_n and_o those_o cordon_n like_o wave_a scarf_n dangle_v down_o behind_o they_o on_o the_o crupper_n of_o their_o horse_n the_o end_n be_v fair_o tassel_v and_o enrich_v many_o time_n with_o pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o thus_o especial_o they_o ride_v upon_o day_n of_o triumph_n but_o in_o germany_n and_o many_o other_o place_n where_o the_o law_n of_o honour_n and_o armoury_n be_v severe_o obsetve_v a_o mean_a gentleman_n or_o new_a achiever_n be_v 25._o not_o permit_v to_o bear_v helm_n mantle_n or_o crest_n but_o by_o special_a favour_n the_o first_o differ_v from_o the_o 2._o in_o that_o it_o be_v a_o side_n stand_v helmet_n with_o the_o beaver_n close_o which_o be_v for_o all_o esquire_n and_o gentleman_n the_o second_o be_v the_o common_a fashion_n of_o knight_n which_o be_v a_o helmet_n stand_v direct_a forward_o with_o the_o 〈◊〉_d open_a without_o guard_n the_o three_o be_v a_o side-helmet_n open-faced_a guardevisure_n which_o be_v proper_a for_o all_o person_n of_o the_o nobility_n beneath_o a_o duke_n and_o above_o a_o knight_n the_o four_o be_v the_o helmet_n of_o person_n execute_v sovereign_a authority_n which_o be_v a_o helmet_n which_o be_v full_a forward_a open-faced_a guardevisure_a which_o belong_v also_o to_o prince_n and_o duke_n in_o this_o manner_n 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