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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
lord_n	john_n	lady_n	marry_v	10,714	5	10.3056	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A85304	Finetti Philoxenis: som choice observations of Sr. John Finett knight, and master of the ceremonies to the two last Kings, touching the reception, and precedence, the treatment and audience, the puntillios and contests of forren ambassadors in England.	Finet, John, Sir, 1571-1641.	1656 (1656)	Wing F947; Thomason E1602_1; ESTC R208904	179,802	269

FINETTI PHILOXENIS SOM CHOICE OBSERVATIONS OF Sr. JOHN FINETT KNIGHT And Master of the CEREMONIES to the two last KINGS Touching the Reception and Precedence the Treatment and Audience the Puntillios and Contests of Forren AMBASSADORS IN ENGLAND Legati ligant Mundum LONDON Printed by T. R. for H. Twyford and G. Bedell and are to be Sold at their Shops in Vine-Court Middle Temple and the Middle Temple Gate 1656. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE PHILIP Lord Vicount Lisle c. MY LORD I Know well for I know it by Experience that your Lordship hath been trained up from a Youth in matters of Embassyes and Legantine Affaires as wel when you attended my Lord your Father to Denmark and other States of Germany as many yeares after in the French Court Therefore the Dedicatory addresse of this new Peece will not be adjudged incongruous by any discerning Reader but very pertinent considering the quality of the subject which treats of transactions of that nature being the Manuall observations of that knowing Knight and well accomplish'd Courtier Sir John Finett vvho officiated so many yeares in Affaires of that kind Therefore this Peece goes indented vvith many signall Passages of the Reception and Treatments of the Conduct Audiences the Pretences and Precedencies vvith divers Contests and Puntilioes of State between forren Ambassadors Among other parts of Industry vvhich vvere knovvn to be in that Worthy Knight one vvas to couch in vvriting and keep an exact Diary of vvhat things had passed in his Province as Master of the Ceremonies according to the laudable Custome of the Italians and transmitted by them to the high and low Dutch Ministers of State vvith others Moreover these Observations go interwoven vvith divers Historicall Passages and those most faithfully related there being nothing taken here upon trust but all upon his own knovvledge being stil upon the place himself and an Actor in every thing as appeared by the Manuscript he left And thus much out of the conversation I had often vvith him I vvas desired to tell the World Lastly Besides the Motives before mentioned there vvent another Inducement to this Election vvhich vvas the high respects and Honour I professe your Lordship having discovered in you a true Sidneyan Soule vvhich by a peculiar Noble Genius is observed to be extraordinarily inclin'd to the Theory and Speculative part of Vertue as vvell as to the Practicall In vvhich opinion I rest My most Honoured Lord Your very humble and ever ready Servant JAMES HOWELL Holborn this 20. of April 1656. THE Chief Heads and Substance of the ensuing DISCOURSE 1. THe Arch-Dukes Ambassador discontented and the Kings Apologie for his satisfaction 2. The Braveries used at the Lady Elizabeths Wedding 3. Passages of Ambassadors about invitations to the Earl of Somersets Marriage 4. A clash betwixt the Savoy and Florence Ambassadors for precedence 5. Differences at a Mask betwixt the Spanish Ambassadors and the States 6. The Spanish Ambassador excepting against the States for sitting with him in the Kings presence 7. The Spanish Ambassador refusing to be at a Mask 8. The Venetian Ambassador discontented about his Present 9. Foure Ambassadors at a Readers Feast 10. Ambassadors invited to hunt with the King 11. Ambassadors invited to the Princes Creation 12. The rich present of Furres sent by the Emperour of Russia to the King 13. A clash betwixt the Spanish and French Ambassadors 14. Touching Sir Henry Manwayring 15. Exceptions taken by the French 16. The sitting of Ambassadors at a Mask with the King reform'd 17. Differences betwixt the French and Spanish Ambassadors reconcil'd 18. Of the flaunting Embassie of Monsieur Cadenet 19. Exceptions about placing 20. Six in joynt Ambassie at once from the States 21. The Russian Ambassadors puntillio for precedence 22. A great Embassie from the Emperour 23. Questions betwixt the Imperiall and Venetian Ambassadors concerning Titles and Visits the like with the French 24. The young Landgrave of Hessens entertainment 25. The States Ambassadors distasts 26. The Duke of Soubizes Negotiation 27. Exceptions taken by the Venetian Ambassadors 28. Exceptions of the States Ambassadors 29. The Prince his return from Spain 30. The French Ambassador gets ground of the Spanish 31. Difference betwixt the Spanish Ambassadors 32. Reasons for the Master of the Ceremonies to sit in the same Coach with the Ambassadors 33. A clash betwixt the French and Spanish Ambassador 34. Sir Robert Sherley Ambassador from Persia 35. Ambassadors extraordinary from France to treat of a Marriage 36. Death of King James and Solemnities of his Funerall 37. Complaint of the Venetian Ambassador 38. Reason of the Venetian Ambassador for Parity with Crownd heads 39. The King and Queens first interview at Dover 40. The Marquesse of Blamvillés contestations for formalities and his Lodging and Dyet at Court 41. His reason for not assisting at the Coronation 42. The great clash betwixt the Persian Ambassador and Sir Robert Sherley 43. The French cashier'd from Court 44. Difference betwixt the Master of the Ceremonies and Jewell house who is to carry Presents to Ambassadors 45. Bethlem Gabors Ambassadors 46. The Reformation of Ambassadors sitting in publick and eating with the King 47. The Danish Ambassadors complaint 48. The Mantovan Ambassadors Expostulations 49. A new Declaration touching the Treatment of Ambassadors and the value of their Presents abated 50. The Expostulations of the Duke of Savoyes Ambassador 51. Questions and Puntillioes betwixt Regall and Ducall Ambassadors 52. The Lord Majors refusing to give place to the King of Denmarks Ambassador 53. A clash betwixt the Ambassador of Savoy and the Duke of Buckingham because he gave Sanctuary to my Lady Purbeck 54. The States Ambassadors exceptions and complaints how satisfied 55. The notable Plot the Spanish Ambassadors had traced to destroy the Duke of Buckingham With divers other Signall Passages of State and matters of remark wherewith the Discourse is interwoven In page 250. for and machinations read a machination with other small mistakes which the judicious Reader will not stumble at Sir JOHN FINETS OBSERVATIONS Touching Forren Ambassadors c. THE Count Palatine of the Rhone coming to marry the Lady Elizabeth landed at Graves end on Friday night the sixteenth of October and had his first welcom brought him thither from the King by the Lord Haye with the attendance of Sir Lewes Lewkner Master of the Ceremonies and his second on Sunday following by the Duke of Lenox attended by many Lords Knights and Gentlemen the Kings Servants As he passed before the Tower in his Majesties Barges the discharge of the great Ordnance there served for a warning to the Earles of Shrewsbury Sussex Southampton and other Lords to waite on the Duke of Yorke to the Staires of White-Hall for his reception at his landing there and to conduct him to the presence of the King Queene Prince and Princesse in the Banqueting House where having made an humble reverence to his Majesty and passed his first Complement he addressed himselfe to

Servants kept them company Don Antonio fitting on a stoole at the end of the Table gave subject of exception to one of the Kings Gentlemen ushers as being he said irregular and unusuall that place being ever wont to be reserved empty for State but this as a superstition of a Gentleman ushers was neglected After his Majesties dinner the Ambassador introduced by the Vice Chamberlain to the Presence of his Majesty in the Privy Gallery had there his Audience Sir John Digby and as he was parting the Lord Lysle Ghamberlain to the Queen asked me and I the Ambassador whether he had any intention to visite her Majesty he answered he thought it ill manners and a kind of disrespect at so short a warning to venture the trouble of her Majesty November the first Towards the time of Solemnity of Prince Charles his Creation for Prince of Wales the King advised with some of his Lords which of the Ambassadors French or Spanish were first to be invited to it The Spaniard had by a private and silent way offered himselfe to an Invitation The French had been earnestly pressed for by some Lords his favourous neere about the King And had he but two dayes before when he had an Audience of his Majesty made offer of his presence at the Feast his Majesty had perhaps been put to some plunge how to have excused it But on Sunday night the Eve of the Feast a resolution to invite neither was taken and I sent to the Spanish Ambassador with this Message that his Majesty thankt him much for the offer he had made to honour the Prince his Creation with his presence that some of his Majesties Servants neere him had earnestly solicited him to invite the French Ambassador but his desire having been as it should be ever to give content to all Ministers of Forren Princes he hoped and requested that he would not take it in ill part if he should not be at all invited no more then the French Ambassador should be to that Solemnity assuring him that to the next whensoever he should be invited before any The Ambassador returned him for answer that he most humbly kissed his Majesties hands and desired he would in all proceed with him as with an English man and his Servant that whensoever it should be his pleasure to do him the honour to invite him it should be his happinesse and an especiall contentment to him So againe when his Majesty should think fit he should be absent it should content him also as being his Majesties pleasure to have it so At my parting he was earnest to know whether there were not the like message and excuse sent to the French Ambassador whereof though had it been so it had been neither reason nor duty for me to discover when I assured him there was none he expressed much the greater Satisfaction About this time Cavalvere Guaratesi Agent here for the Duke of Florence being assigned an Audience of his Majesty was by mistake brought in by whom I know not by the way of the Parke and privy Gallerie and had a fire made him in the Chamber of the Ambassadors Ordinary Audience Sir Lewes Lewkner at the same time told me of him and wisht me to go to receive him but neither was that Service to be performed by me to the Person of an Agent and therefore by me declined neither was any Agent to be admitted to that place by that way but by the way of the privy Chamber November the first 1617. The Ordinary Ambassador of Venice Seignior _____ Barbarigo dying here Seignior _____ Contareni came hither Extraordinary and was brought to his first Audience at White-Hall by the Lord Clifford accompanied with halfe a score Gentlemen his Majesties Servants in his Majesties Co●ch and three of the Lords Coaches His house was at the Hospitall where he had attending our coming the French Ambassa●ors Coach the Masters of the Ceremonies who had dined with him and five or six of the Ambassadors owne and others providing After his rest in the Councell Chamber he was conducted to his Majesties Presence in the Presence Chamber and there after a breife speech Nota. and delivery of his letters of credence which before he had made an end of speaking he took not from the Secretary who held them in his hand he returned to his home in company of the Persons mentioned An Ambassador with his assistant Commissioner Chancellour of Museovey sent from that Emperour to his Majesty was the fifth of November 1617. received at Tower Wharfe by the Lord Compton having been first met at Gravesend by Sir Richard Smith and others sent in name of the City and brought up in their Barges The Kings Coach and five or six others tooke them in at Tower Wharfe but with such disorder of Gentlemen come from Court more then were appointed that too soone pressed into them as without my care and boldnes to displace some must of the better sort of Musfes have walked on foote to their Lodgings They were wellcomd at their Landing with a volley of great Ordinance from the Tower and shippes and were incountered on Tower Hill by the Aldermen of the City in their Scarlet Gownes and other Citizens in their Velvet Coates and Chaines of Gold all on Horse-back and thence conducted to their House in Bishopsgate-street where they were Lodged and defrayed at the charge of the Muscovey Company On Saturday the eight of November the Lord Chamberlain let me know his Majesties pleasure for my repaire to the French Ambassador with an assignation for his demanded Audience the next day at one of the Clock and with an excuse of unfitnesse of the houre in regard the King intended to depart that day betimes to Theobalds He came according to appointment and being introduced to his Majesties Presence I with demand of Pardon left him and taking with me the Kings Coach which together with the Lord Chamberlains attended that Service at the Court gate went without any Lord or other to accompany me to Bishopsgate-Street to setch thence the Muscovit Ambassadors to their Audience All their Servants of less esteem marched all the way on foot before him the rest in Coaches provided by the Merchants each of those on foot carrying before them with ostentation to open view some parcell of the various Present sent to his Majestie from the Emperour This consisted of Sable Furres black Foxes Ermynes Hawkes with their Hoods and Mantles covering their backs and wings all enbroydered with Gold and Pearle two lining Sables a Persian dagger and knife set with Stones and Pearles two rich Cloath of Gold Persian Horse-clothes a Persian kettle Drum to lure Hawkes with c. Besides many other Sables and black Fox furres sent the King from three of the principall Nobles of the Emperors Court and besides some presented to his Majesty from the Ambassadors and the Chancellour The Queene and Prince had likewise their severall presents of furrs from all

Audiences which was made to none but to Emperours and Kings Ambassadors Also that the same quantity of Wine viz. so many Tonns was allowed them here in England free of Impost as was allowed to Kings Ambassadors with a difference of a less quantity to those of inferiour Princes And that he had at the Funerall sent to him from his Majesty the like quantity of Blacks as was sent to the French Ambassador All which and more were Arguments he said of their unquestioned Parity with Crownd Heads He told me further that in Spaine not long before the Emperours Ambassador endeavoring the abatement of the respects given them there made a request to the King that he would alter the Pragmatick of giving the Title of Illustrissimo to the Venetian which the Venetian Ambassador having notice of made it known to the French Ambassador there Resident and intreated him to acquaint therewith the King his Master which he did and had answer returned from the King that if the Title of Illustrissimo given the Emperours and his Ambassadors were to be changed for that of Excellentissimo he should in his name demand that the like alteration might be made for the Venetian otherwise that the already received and used Title of Illustrissimo should be continued answerable to the present Pragmatick as it hath been ever since without change given in Spaine to the Ambassadors of the State of Venice as to all other Kings Ambassadors without difference The 31. of May 1625. Madam Maria Henrietta second Daughter to Henry the Fourth King of France and the then affianced Wife of King Charles being upon her Journey for England his Majesty prepared for her incounter and Reception went by water to Gravesend thence by Post and Coach to Canterbury A day or two before the Master of the Ceremonies had order for the Provision and sending down of thirty two Coaches to serve her Majestie and the Duke de Chevereuxe imployed then Ambassador Extraordinary from that King for his Presence at the Solemziation and finall ratification or consummation of the Marriage The Coaches mentioned to be taken up for the Service were defrayed by the King but Carts and Post-Horses brought in by Warrant sent abroad to the Countrey were to be immediatly paid for at prizes usuall by such as should have use of them The confusion was extraordinary for want of orderly directions in almost all things but especially in the distrbiution of Coaches Carts and Horses he that first laid hand on them possessing them though unworthy when others of far better qualitie and more modest were not at all or ill accommodated His Majesty entering Canterbury was received by the Mayor who had borrowed the Recorder Master Henry Finches mouth for a wellcomming Speech delivered with much Elegancy was lodg'd at the Lord Wootons House parcell of the demolisht Abby of Saint Augustine The great Lords and their Ladies that attended him from London which were Arrundell Excester Devonshire Saint Johns Andever Dacre de la Ware Mordant Wentworth Harvey and others were quartered severally in the City and had their Randezvous for Diet of his Majesties providing at the Bishops Pallace The third day following his Majesty leaving the married Lords and Ladies at Canterbury went to Dover for view and directions of what was fitting for the Queens accommodation about which and in expectation of the newes of her approach he there spent the time from Thursday to Tuesday when Master Robert Tyrrwhit servant to his Majesty returned from France whether he had been purposely sent with the newes of her departure from Amiens and her intention to be on Wednesday at Bolloigne which made the King upon assurance that the Queen Mother indisposed in her health would not come thither with her daughter alter the resolution he had of passing the Seas and the next day returned to Canterbury with the reason of giving to the Queen some time of refreshing after her Sea-distempers before he would see her But on Thursday the Kings Fleet not able for the winds opposition to recover Bulloigne and left for the same cause on Fryday and two dayes after on Munday the 12. of May about nine of the clock the reports of Canons from the French coast and the wind then come faire made us presume of her Majesty then shipping as it did after assure us of her landing at seven in the Evening passing out of her Boat on shore by an artificiall moveable Bridge framed for that use only The newes of her arriveall was by Master Tirwhit within half an hour and six minuits carried to the King at Canterbury Her Majesty rather ill at ease then sick after her Sea motions was carried from the shore to the Town in a Litter there received Wellcome and presented by the the Mayor she went in Coach up to the Castle and had there the next day her best and happiest Reception from the King come that morning from Canterbury May 13. Their Majesties dining that day together the King after dinner gave Audience to the Duke de Chevereux the Duke of Buckingham with my Service introducing him to the Presence Chamber of the Queen whence the King honourd him after his Audience with his company to his Majesties own Presence Chamber for a sight and wellcome of the faire Dutches de Chevercux After this their Majesties set forth for Canterbury and within two or three miles of it on Barrham Down were attended for their meeting and reception by the Lords and Ladies mentioned these latter presenting themselves from a fitting distance where the Queen stood to her Majesty each in their ranke with three low reverences kissing her hand and her Majesty them for their greater honour That night their Majesties supt and slept together Sic consummatū est The next day they removed to Cobham neer Rochester and from thence and Gravesend they came with the lowd wellcome of great Ordinance from the Ships on the Thames and from the Tower to London May 16. Their landing was at the Privy Staires of Whitehall where in the Sheild Gallery stood on each side ranged those Ladies of quality and beauty that had not yet seen the Queen and there they had from her particular respects of satisfaction The Duke de Chevereux and his Lady were lodged at Somerset House and had the next day a Visit sent them from his Majesty by the Earle of Arrundell with two or three Lords with divers Gentlemen attending who after conducted him to his publick Audience of his Majesty in the Presence Chamber Thence he was upon passage to the Queene for the like but word being brought that she was not well at ease he was remitted to another time and returned to his Lodging with the company of the Count de Tremes and the Marquess de Fiat with him joynt Commissioners The next day being that of the Overture of Parliament his Majesty to avoid the danger of the Plague then growing strong by the concourse of people went

Officers of Justice a Gentleman came in the morning from the Countess of Buckingham to the Ambassador of Savoy demanding leave of him for the said Officers to pass through his house into his Garden joyned to the Ladies for her more easie apprehension and arrest by that way which though at first he somewhat stuck at as wronging and lesning he thought the respect of his quality to leave his house free of entrance to such persons especially for the surprize and arrest of a fair Lady his Neighbour he at last notwithstanding suffered the Constable to enter it and with convenience to remain in it and in the Garden watching his opportunity till dinner-time when some of the Gentlemen attendants on him contriving a way to be rid of that incumbrance dressed the Ambassadors Page a handsome fair Boy in womans apparrell thrust him suddenly into the Lords Coach as if it had been the Lady making her escape and drove fast with him down the Strand followed by a multitude of people and those Officers not without danger to the Coach-man from their violence but with ease to the Ambassador that had his house by this device cleared of the Constable but himself after charged by the Duke That all this was done of designe for the Ladies escape which in that Hubbub she made to his no small prejudice and scorn in a business that so neerly he said concerned him she being Wife to his Brother and bringing him Children of anothers begetting yet such as by the Law because begotten and born while her Husband was in the Land must be of his Fathering The Ambassador for his Purgation from this charge went immediatly to the Duke at Whitehall but was denied accesse Wherupon repairing to my Lord Chamberlain for his mediation I was sent to him by his Lordship to let him know more particularly the Dukes displeasure and back by the Ambassador to the Duke with his humble request but of one quarter of an hours audience for his disblaming But the Duke returning answer That having alwaies held him so much his friend and given him so many faire proofs of his respects he took his proceeding so unkindly as he was resolved not to speak with him I reported this to the Ambassador and had for his only answer What Reason cannot do Time will Yet after this the Earles of Carliel and Holland interposing the Ambassador hungry after his Peace from a person of such power and regarding his Masters service and the publick affaires he a sevennight after obtained of the Duke an interview in Whitehall Garden and after an hours parley a reconciliation About the same time the Ambassador of Venice Contareni having sent an Express to Dover with a Packet came the Councels Warrant for passage of it to the Denmark Ambassadors attending there their passage for conveyance of it by them to the Venetian Ambassador in France Sir John Hippesley Lievtenant of the Castle under the Duke of Buckingham understanding of it and withall the mind of his Lord and Master mentioned sent to them for a sight of the Packet only as a duty he said of his charge which with some question Quere Whether this were not Pas de Clere in their mystery the Ambassadors yeilding to and sending it to him by their Secretary he refused to return it saying he would have care for the conveyance of it But sent it immediatly to Court to those hands that opened it and taking out as the Ambassador made complaint some particular Letters sent the rest to him whereat he formalizing himself as he did also for another Packer the Duplicate of this sent after it by his Secretary at Dover which delivered to the hand of a Marriner then upon passage was likewise intercepted He demanded Audience of his Majesty made protestation and offer to retire himself to Greenwich till the State he represented should upon the Account of his and their wrong signifie the sense of it and pleasure for his further proceeding But maturer consideration all his Letters being returned and his Majesty having professed to him his high displeasure for such proceeding made him alter his course and digest the pretended injury so far as only to give account of it to his State from whom he not long after received their pleasure that he should spare his access both to King and Councel till he should formally receive some publick satisfaction The usuall course was and is yet for Ambassadors to send to the Master of the Ceremonies a signification of their arrivall And after the said Master to let them know the time when be would repair to them to welcome them and conduct them to London After a long expectation of two Ambassadors Commissioners to come from the States Viz. Monsieur Randwick and Monsieur Pawe they arrived at Gravesend the seventh of February and were there met by Her Joachimi the Resident here Amongst other discourses they had with him as I was informed being then absent concerning the Treatment they might expect from his Majesty A Question was moved whether the Master of the Ceremonies were not to receive them there with the Kings welcome and to know their dispositions for the time of their coming to London before he should come to fetch them thence with the Kings Barge which it was affirmed Sir Lewes Lewknor had at other times done to some of their Ministers This scruple intimated to me at a time when I could discharge neither of those services my Wife being then dangerously sick of the small Pox and in that respect not stirring out of doors I wrot to the Resident Ambassador to this purpose That howsoever some perhaps extraordinary occasion might have begotten at some time such a redoubled course of observance the like whereof had not come under my experience it was no rule that if I my self had as I remembred I had once the Summer before made a first and second Journey to Gravesend to the Ambassadors of Denmark it was in the way of good manners to comply with them at a time of the Kings remote absence from London his Majesty being then in progress while in the interim I attended answer to my Letters for direction about the manner of their Treatment upon the Reformation then newly established for the defraying of Ambassadors which I hoped should serve them for a consideration to keep them from drawing into consequence that or any other former reception different from the Ordinary especially at a time that his Majesty endeavoured more then ever to reduce our formes of Treating Ambassadors to the stile of those practised by other Princes How these reasons prevailed I know not sure I am they had not any man sent to them in my place till the fourth day of their stay at Gravesend when Master Beaulieu Secretary to his Majesty for the French tongue intreated to that Service by me and allowed of upon my recommendation by my Lord Chamberlain brought them in the Kings Barge the twelfth