to_o charles_n late_a lord_n sturton_n father_n to_o the_o say_v john_n lord_n sturton_n and_o the_o say_v charles_n lord_n sturton_n disseise_v the_o say_a lady_n sturton_n and_o levy_v a_o fine_a of_o the_o say_a land_n to_o cottington_n and_o his_o heir_n with_o proclamation_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n and_o warrant_v it_o against_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o the_o say_a lord_n charles_n die_v before_o the_o proclamation_n past_a and_o the_o warranty_n descend_v upon_o the_o say_v john_n lord_n sturton_n after_o which_o and_o before_o the_o proclamation_n past_a the_o say_a lady_n sturton_n enter_v upon_o the_o say_v cottington_n after_o which_o the_o say_a lady_n die_v and_o after_o her_o death_n and_o all_o the_o proclamation_n past_a the_o say_a john_n lord_n sturton_n as_o heir_n in_o tail_n enter_v and_o make_v the_o lease_n to_o the_o say_v okes_n upon_o who_o cottington_n the_o defendant_n enter_v as_o under_o the_o right_n of_o the_o say_v cottington_n the_o conusee_fw-fr and_o i_o perceive_v the_o court_n strong_o to_o incline_v upon_o the_o matter_n of_o warranty_n that_o it_o shall_v bar_v the_o entry_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o make_v a_o discontinuance_n against_o he_o according_a to_o the_o inference_n which_o be_v take_v by_o littleton_n in_o his_o chapter_n of_o discontinuance_n because_o the_o truth_n be_v and_o so_o acknowledge_v to_o the_o court_n although_o it_o be_v omit_v in_o the_o verdict_n that_o the_o say_v charles_n lord_n sturton_n be_v attain_v of_o felony_n and_o murder_n and_o so_o the_o blood_n corrupt_v between_o the_o say_v charles_n and_o john_n lord_n sturton_n whereby_o in_o a_o new_a action_n the_o garranty_n have_v not_o hurt_v the_o title_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n john_n i_o than_o move_v the_o court_n upon_o the_o other_o point_n of_o the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o the_o court_n also_o agree_v in_o this_o point_n if_o the_o warranty_n have_v not_o be_v that_o yet_o the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n shall_v bar_v the_o say_a john_n lord_n sturton_n notwithstanding_o the_o entry_n make_v by_o the_o lady_n sturton_n be_v before_o the_o proclamation_n past_a because_o that_o notwithstanding_o his_o regress_n make_v the_o reversion_n remain_v in_o cottington_n not_o defeat_v by_o his_o regress_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o make_v that_o the_o fine_a remain_v effectual_a against_o the_o heir_n in_o tail_n if_o nothing_o be_v do_v by_o he_o to_o undo_v it_o before_o the_o proclamation_n pass_v as_o by_o claim_n regress_n and_o the_o like_a but_o the_o act_n of_o a_o stranger_n shall_v not_o help_v he_o whereby_o judgement_n be_v thereupon_o give_v against_o the_o say_a oak_n the_o say_a john_n lord_n sturton_n stand_v satisfy_v and_o the_o cottingtons_n enjoy_v the_o land_n to_o this_o day_n whereas_o if_o this_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n have_v not_o be_v on_o a_o new_a action_n the_o say_a sir_n john_n may_v have_v be_v relieve_v against_o the_o warranty_n and_o gaudy_n say_v that_o this_o be_v a_o very_a good_a case_n for_o the_o point_n upon_o the_o statute_n in_o this_o case_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n versus_fw-la sir_n thomas_n stanhop_n 8._o gilbert_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n bring_v a_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la against_o magnatum_fw-la gilbert_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n against_o sir_n thomas_n stanhop_n in_o a_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la sir_n thomas_n stanhop_n knight_n and_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o statute_n tam_fw-la pro_fw-la domina_fw-la regina_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la seipso_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o that_o communication_n be_v have_v between_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n and_o one_o francis_n fletcher_n of_o divers_a thing_n touch_v the_o say_a earl_n the_o say_a francis_n at_o such_o a_o day_n and_o place_n say_v to_o the_o say_v thomas_n my_o lord_n the_o say_a earl_n meaning_n be_v a_o subject_a innuendo_fw-la that_o the_o say_a earl_n be_v a_o subject_a of_o the_o now_o queen_n the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n then_o and_o there_o say_v of_o the_o say_a earl_n these_o slanderous_a word_n to_o wit_n he_o intend_v the_o say_a earl_n be_v sorry_a for_o that_o meaning_n that_o the_o say_a earl_n be_v sorry_a that_o he_o be_v then_o a_o subject_a to_o our_o say_a sovereign_a lady_n the_o queen_n that_o be_v his_o grief_n meaning_n that_o it_o be_v grief_n to_o the_o say_a earl_n that_o the_o say_a earl_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o queen_n to_o the_o damage_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o 20000_o l._n to_o which_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n stanhop_n say_v that_o a_o question_n be_v former_o move_v between_o the_o say_a earl_n and_o the_o defendant_n touch_v the_o subversion_n and_o draw_v away_o of_o certain_a wear_v heretofore_o erect_v by_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n at_o shelâ—ord_n in_o the_o say_a county_n of_o nott._n where_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v to_o oust_v the_o river_n of_o trent_n there_o &_o that_o for_o the_o subversion_n thereof_o a_o petition_n be_v exhibit_v to_o the_o privy_a council_n of_o the_o queen_n before_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o say_a word_n by_o certain_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n and_o divers_a other_o place_n not_o know_v to_o the_o defendant_n with_o the_o privity_n allowance_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n which_o petition_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o say_a word_n depend_v before_o the_o say_a council_n not_o determine_v whereupon_o at_o the_o day_n and_o place_n comprise_v in_o the_o declaration_n there_o be_v communication_n between_o the_o say_a defendant_n and_o the_o say_v francis_n fletcher_n concern_v their_o purpose_n to_o have_v the_o say_v wear_v subvert_v and_o touch_v the_o say_a petition_n upon_o which_o the_o say_a francis_n say_v to_o the_o say_a defendant_n the_o matter_n mean_v the_o petition_n aforesaid_a hang_v undetermined_a before_o the_o council_n aforesaid_a be_v to_o be_v hear_v before_o the_o privy_a council_n mean_v the_o aforesaid_a council_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o what_o their_o honour_n mean_v the_o council_n aforesaid_a determine_v my_o lord_n the_o aforesaid_a earl_n meaning_n will_v willing_o obey_v to_o which_o the_o say_a francis_n then_o there_o answer_v say_v my_o lord_n the_o aforesaid_a earl_n meaning_n be_v a_o subject_a upon_o which_o the_o say_a defendant_n they_o then_o have_v speech_n as_o well_o of_o the_o say_a petition_n as_o of_o the_o order_n thereupon_o to_o be_v take_v by_o the_o say_a council_n answer_v say_v the_o word_n comprise_v in_o the_o declaration_n mean_v that_o he_o be_v sorry_a and_o grieve_v that_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o order_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o petition_n aforesaid_a by_o the_o say_a council_n and_o aver_v that_o this_o be_v the_o same_o speech_n upon_o which_o the_o action_n be_v ground_v upon_o which_o it_o be_v demur_v in_o law_n and_o for_o cause_n show_v according_a to_o the_o statute_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o bar_n be_v defective_a because_o it_o be_v not_o allege_v at_o what_o place_n nor_o by_o who_o nor_o against_o who_o the_o petition_n be_v exhibit_v and_o also_o because_o that_o by_o the_o bar_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o declaration_n be_v not_o confess_v avoid_v or_o traverse_v and_o also_o that_o the_o bar_n be_v insufficient_a and_o it_o seem_v to_o fennor_n that_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o bar_n have_v be_v sufficient_a if_o it_o have_v be_v well_o plead_v but_o the_o plaintiff_n allege_v the_o word_n to_o be_v speak_v in_o one_o sense_n in_o the_o affirmative_a and_o the_o defendant_n show_v matter_n also_o in_o the_o affirmative_a which_o prove_v the_o word_n to_o be_v speak_v in_o another_o sense_n then_o the_o declaration_n imporr_v and_o two_o affirmative_n can_v never_o make_v a_o good_a issue_n and_o therefore_o the_o defendant_n ought_v to_o have_v take_v a_o traverse_n to_o that_o which_o be_v comprise_v in_o the_o declaration_n and_o for_o want_v of_o this_o traverse_n the_o plea_n in_o bar_n be_v not_o good_a gawdy_n say_v that_o the_o bar_n be_v not_o sufficient_a neither_o in_o matter_n nor_o form_n not_o in_o matter_n because_o that_o whereas_o fletcher_n say_v that_o the_o say_a earl_n be_v a_o subject_a this_o can_v have_v no_o other_o sense_n but_o that_o he_o be_v a_o subject_a to_o the_o queen_n in_o his_o allegiance_n and_o her_o sovereignty_n and_o so_o much_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o course_n of_o their_o former_a speech_n and_o therefore_o the_o answer_n which_o the_o defendant_n make_v to_o it_o refer_v to_o his_o subjection_n of_o allegiance_n and_o not_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o obedience_n which_o he_o owe_v to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o say_a council_n and_o if_o it_o can_v have_v any_o other_o sense_n in_o good_a understanding_n he_o can_v help_v himself_o now_o by_o a_o innuendo_fw-la which_o be_v in_o itself_o according_a to_o common_a intendment_n contrary_a to_o that_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o word_n
not_o proper_o say_v a_o use_n until_o that_o it_o be_v say_v in_o esse_fw-la to_o take_v the_o profit_v themselves_o but_o i_o be_o to_o turn_v this_o argument_n against_o he_o who_o make_v it_o for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o the_o use_n can_v never_o be_v in_o suspense_n and_o iâ—_n so_o it_o follow_v that_o no_o possession_n by_o mean_n of_o any_o such_o use_n can_v be_v in_o suspense_n but_o stay_v where_o it_o be_v before_o to_o be_v execute_v when_o the_o use_n happen_v to_o be_v in_o be_v but_o as_o to_o that_o that_o a_o reversion_n or_o remainder_n may_v be_v of_o that_o which_o we_o call_v a_o use_n so_o also_o may_v such_o a_o use_v be_v in_o suspense_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o possession_n itself_o but_o not_o otherwise_o and_o as_o to_o cramners_n case_n former_o put_v the_o law_n be_v so_o because_o nothing_o appear_v in_o the_o case_n to_o be_v do_v to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o this_o contingent_a use_n in_o the_o interim_n before_o it_o happen_v but_o upon_o the_o case_n put_v of_o the_o lady_n bray_n upon_o which_o it_o have_v be_v so_o strong_o rely_v it_o be_v thus_o the_o lord_n bray_n make_v a_o assurance_n of_o certain_a land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o certain_a of_o his_o council_n until_o the_o son_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n bray_n shall_v come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o 21._o year_n for_o the_o livelihood_n of_o the_o say_a son_n and_o of_o such_o a_o wife_n as_o he_o shall_v marry_v with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o say_a council_n and_o then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_a son_n and_o of_o the_o say_a wife_n and_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_a son_n the_o father_n die_v the_o son_n be_v become_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o king_n after_o which_o one_o of_o the_o say_a councillor_n die_v the_o king_n grant_v over_o the_o wardship_n of_o the_o say_a son_n after_o which_o the_o say_a lord_n bray_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o guardian_n and_o of_o the_o survive_a councillor_n marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o then_o earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n after_o which_o the_o husband_n alien_n the_o same_o land_n to_o one_o butler_n and_o die_v and_o upon_o action_n bring_v by_o the_o say_a lady_n against_o the_o say_a butler_n for_o the_o same_o land_n she_o be_v bar_v by_o judgement_n and_o upon_o what_o reason_n because_o she_o be_v not_o a_o person_n know_v when_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v which_o must_v be_v in_o every_o case_n of_o a_o freehold_a in_o demesne_n as_o well_o in_o case_n of_o a_o use_n as_o in_o case_n of_o a_o possession_n and_o therefore_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o i._o s._n then_o live_v be_v not_o good_a and_o the_o same_o law_n of_o a_o use_n and_o so_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o the_o justice_n very_o late_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o bedford_n but_o in_o these_o case_n it_o remain_v to_o the_o feoffor_a and_o because_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o assurance_n who_o shall_v be_v the_o wife_n of_o the_o say_a son_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o to_o take_v the_o present_a freehold_n by_o name_n of_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o son_n she_o take_v nothing_o by_o the_o assurance_n but_o this_o reason_n make_v for_o our_o side_n to_o wit_n that_o if_o there_o be_v none_o to_o take_v the_o freehold_n in_o demesne_n from_o the_o use_n when_o it_o fall_v he_o shall_v never_o take_v it_o the_o other_o reason_n in_o this_o case_n be_v because_o she_o be_v not_o marry_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o counsellor_n for_o that_o one_o be_v dead_a nor_o according_a to_o the_o power_n give_v by_o the_o agreement_n but_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o guardian_n that_o the_o power_n which_o the_o father_n have_v upon_o his_o son_n be_v cease_v and_o nota_fw-la that_o by_o a_o disseisin_n the_o contingent_a use_n may_v be_v disturb_v of_o his_o execution_n but_o there_o by_o the_o regress_n of_o the_o feoffee_n oâ—_n his_o heir_n when_o the_o contingent_a happen_v it_o may_v be_v revive_v to_o be_v execute_v but_o by_o the_o release_n of_o the_o feoffee_n or_o his_o heir_n the_o contingent_a in_o such_o a_o case_n by_o popham_n iâ—â—â—â—red_a oâ—_n all_o possibility_n at_o any_o time_n to_o be_v execute_v and_o to_o that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v that_o the_o general_a and_o universal_a assurance_n of_o man_n throughout_o all_o the_o realm_n at_o this_o â—ay_n arâ—_n by_o mean_n of_o use_v and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o danger_n and_o inconvenience_n to_o draw_v they_o now_o in_o question_n or_o doubt_n and_o that_o it_o now_o tremble_v upon_o all_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v too_o dangerous_a to_o pull_v up_o such_o tree_n by_o the_o root_n the_o branch_n whereof_o be_v such_o and_o so_o long_o spread_v that_o they_o overshadow_v the_o whole_a realm_n popham_n say_v that_o they_o be_v not_o utter_o against_o uses_n but_o only_o against_o those_o and_o this_o part_n of_o they_o which_o will_v not_o stand_v with_o the_o public_a weal_n of_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o which_o be_v execute_v shall_v make_v such_o a_o estate_n which_o can_v stand_v with_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o the_o true_a purport_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o therefore_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v but_o to_o prune_v and_o cut_v off_o the_o rot_a and_o corrupt_a branch_n of_o this_o tree_n to_o wit_n that_o those_o which_o have_v not_o their_o substance_n from_o the_o true_a sap_n nor_o from_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n nor_o from_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o so_o to_o reduce_v the_o tree_n to_o its_o beauty_n and_o perfection_n the_o same_o reason_n he_o say_v may_v have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 4._o against_o those_o argument_n which_o be_v make_v to_o maintain_v the_o common_a recovery_n to_o bar_v estates-tail_n but_o if_o such_o a_o reason_n have_v be_v then_o make_v it_o will_v have_v be_v take_v for_o a_o bare_a conceit_n and_o mere_a trifle_n and_o yet_o use_v be_v never_o more_o common_a than_o estates-tail_n be_v between_o the_o statute_n of_o donis_n conditionalibus_fw-la and_o the_o say_a time_n of_o edw_n 4._o but_o the_o grave_a judge_n than_o see_v what_o great_a trouble_n happen_v among_o the_o people_n by_o mean_n of_o entail_v and_o what_o insecurity_n happen_v by_o mean_n thereof_o to_o true_a purchaser_n for_o who_o security_n nothing_o be_v before_o find_v as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o our_o book_n but_o collateral_a warranty_n or_o infinite_a delay_n by_o vourcher_n and_o thus_o do_v the_o judge_n of_o this_o time_n look_v most_o deep_o into_o it_o whereupon_o upon_o the_o very_a rule_n of_o law_n it_o be_v find_v that_o by_o common_a recovery_n with_o voucher_n these_o estates-tail_n may_v be_v bar_v which_o have_v be_v great_a cause_n of_o much_o quiet_a in_o the_o land_n until_o this_o day_n that_o now_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v so_o much_o trouble_v with_o the_o case_n of_o use_v for_o which_o it_o be_v also_o necessary_a to_o provide_v a_o lawful_a remedy_n but_o he_o say_v plain_o that_o if_o the_o exposition_n make_v on_o the_o other_o side_n shall_v take_v place_n it_o will_v bring_v in_o with_o it_o so_o many_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n to_o the_o universal_a disquiet_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o it_o will_v cast_v the_o whole_a commonwealth_n into_o a_o sea_n of_o trouble_n and_o endanger_v it_o with_o utter_a confusion_n and_o drown_v and_o to_o that_o which_o be_v say_v that_o a_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o i._o s._n or_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o ay_o s._n or_o to_o the_o first_o son_n as_o here_o be_v so_o in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o law_n that_o they_o can_v be_v draw_v out_o &_o that_o therefore_o no_o forfeiture_n can_v be_v make_v by_o the_o feoffment_n make_v by_o he_o who_o have_v the_o particular_a estate_n to_o that_o he_o say_v that_o a_o disseisin_n make_v to_o the_o particular_a estate_n for_o life_n draw_v out_o such_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n as_o be_v prove_v express_o by_o 3_o h._n 6_o where_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o collateral_a warranty_n bar_v such_o a_o remainder_n in_o obeyance_n after_o a_o disseisin_n and_o by_o gascoigne_n 7_o h._n 4._o if_o such_o a_o tenant_n for_o life_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n but_o he_o conceive_v that_o in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o i._o s._n none_o can_v enter_v for_o it_o but_o this_o be_v not_o law_n and_o when_o by_o the_o feoffment_n the_o particular_a estate_n be_v quite_o go_v in_o possession_n and_o in_o right_a also_o the_o remainder_n shall_v never_o take_v
report_n and_o case_n collect_v by_o the_o learned_a sir_n john_n popham_n knight_n late_a lord_n chief-justice_n of_o england_n write_a with_o his_o own_o hand_n in_o french_a and_o now_o faithful_o translate_v into_o english_a to_o which_o be_v add_v some_o remarkable_a case_n report_a by_o other_o learned_a pen_n since_o his_o death_n with_o a_o alphabetical_a table_n wherein_o may_v be_v find_v the_o principal_a matter_n contain_v in_o this_o book_n london_n print_v by_o tho_n roycroft_n for_o john_n place_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n at_o furnivals_n inn_n gate_n in_o holborn_n 1656._o to_o the_o reader_n courteous_a reader_n albeit_o the_o name_n of_o the_o compiler_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o ensue_a report_n for_o denominatio_fw-la fit_v a_o part_n majori_fw-la &_o meliori_fw-la will_v be_v a_o sufficient_a invitation_n to_o any_o understand_a reader_n not_o only_o to_o cast_v his_o eye_n upon_o but_o serious_o to_o peruse_v they_o yet_o because_o these_o two_o question_n may_v and_o no_o doubt_n will_v and_o that_o upon_o good_a ground_n be_v make_v as_o 1._o why_o they_o shall_v lie_v so_o long_o in_o private_a hand_n without_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o public_a view_v 2._o why_o they_o shall_v be_v now_o print_v to_o the_o first_o i_o answer_v that_o by_o the_o handsome_a composure_n and_o connexion_n of_o they_o it_o may_v and_o that_o very_o probable_o be_v conjecture_v that_o the_o honourable_a compiler_n at_o first_o intend_v they_o for_o the_o public_a but_o they_o after_o his_o death_n come_v into_o private_a hand_n they_o who_o become_v possessor_n of_o they_o do_v rather_o intend_v their_o own_o and_o their_o friend_n private_a knowledge_n and_o advantage_n by_o they_o then_o to_o let_v other_o communicate_v therein_o for_o it_o have_v not_o former_o be_v neither_o yet_o be_v a_o thing_n unusual_a for_o the_o great_a and_o learned_a professor_n of_o the_o law_n to_o engross_v into_o their_o own_o hand_n the_o best_a and_o most_o authentic_a report_n for_o their_o better_a help_n credit_n and_o advantage_n in_o the_o course_n of_o their_o practice_n which_o be_v unknown_a to_o other_o man_n they_o can_v upon_o sudden_a occasion_n be_v ready_a to_o make_v answer_n thereunto_o and_o that_o may_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o they_o have_v not_o be_v as_o yet_o publish_v to_o the_o second_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o copy_n out_o of_o which_o this_o translation_n be_v make_v come_v out_o of_o the_o library_n of_o a_o reverend_a and_o learned_a sergeant_n at_o law_n now_o decease_v and_o say_v therein_o to_o be_v write_v with_o the_o proper_a hand-writing_n of_o the_o lord_n popham_n a_o good_a ground_n to_o conceive_v that_o it_o be_v authentic_a the_o gentleman_n in_o who_o hand_n it_o be_v be_v earnest_o importune_v for_o the_o copy_n that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v make_v public_a to_o who_o importunity_n there_o be_v at_o last_o a_o condâ—ssention_n so_o as_o such_o due_a care_n may_v be_v take_v both_o in_o the_o translation_n and_o print_n as_o not_o to_o prejudice_v the_o author_n or_o the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v and_o whether_o that_o condition_n be_v full_o perform_v shall_v be_v now_o leave_v to_o the_o candid_a interpretation_n of_o the_o judicious_a reader_n who_o can_v but_o know_v that_o some_o errata_n let_v the_o printer_n or_o correcter_n be_v never_o so_o careful_a will_v follow_v the_o press_n but_o it_o be_v hope_v that_o nothing_o material_a or_o substantial_a be_v commit_v or_o omit_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o work_n or_o of_o the_o compiler_n thereof_o there_o be_v a_o addition_n of_o some_o late_a case_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n and_o the_o late_a king_n charles_n which_o be_v take_v by_o judicious_a pen_n as_o will_v evident_o appear_v by_o the_o case_n themselves_o and_o i_o dare_v say_v that_o whoever_o read_v they_o will_v neither_o think_v his_o time_n or_o money_n misspend_v they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v well_o digest_v and_o very_o practical_a i_o shall_v add_v this_o one_o thing_n more_o that_o the_o principal_a end_n of_o this_o edition_n be_v the_o advancement_n of_o knowledge_n and_o to_o impart_v the_o good_a thereof_o to_o those_o who_o heretofore_o want_v what_o be_v hereby_o make_v public_a which_o may_v peradventure_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o invite_v other_o more_o learned_a to_o publish_v other_o thing_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o student_n and_o professor_n of_o the_o law._n the_o name_n of_o the_o principal_a case_n and_o other_o case_n vouch_v in_o this_o book_n p._n stand_v for_o principal_a case_n b._n stand_v for_o avouch_v case_n at_fw-fr  _fw-fr fol._n arton_n and_o hare_n case_n 97p_n arthur_n jonson_n case_n 106p_v augustine_n case_n 183b_n arnold_n and_o dichtons_n case_n 183p_n austen_n and_o monk_n case_n 186p_n audâ—ey_n and_o joice_v case_n 176b_n abbingtons_n case_n 196b_n arrunstel_v case_n 201b_v b_o lord_n burleigh_v case_n 26b_n bullock_n and_o dibler_n case_n 38p_v burtons_n and_o wrightman_n case_n 56p_n baynes_n case_n 84p_n butler_n and_o baker_n case_n 87p_v burtons_n case_n 100p_n baskervill_n and_o brooks_n case_n 132p_n brett_n and_o cumberland_n case_n 136p_v bennet_n and_o westbech_n case_v 137p_a sir_n baptist_n here_z case_n 130p_n bernard_n and_o beales_n case_n 146p_n brabin_n and_o tradurus_n case_n 140p_n blaxton_n and_o heath_n case_v 145p_a sir_n john_n bingleys_n case_n 147p_n bowyer_n and_o rivet_n case_n 153p_n bowry_n and_o wallingtons_n case_n 159p_n block_n and_o harris_n case_n 168b_n brole_n and_o michel_n case_n 173b_n biddles'_v case_n 179b_a sir_n william_n burtons_n case_n 180p_n beven_n and_o cowlings_n case_n 183p_n barker_n and_o ringrose_n case_n 184p_n buffeild_n and_o byburos_n case_n 188p_n brokesbyes_n case_n 189b_a brook_n case_n 125p_a sir_n robert_n browne_n and_o sir_n robert_n strowd_v case_n 198p_n bell_n and_o strangurye_n case_n 203b_n bagnols_n case_n 206p_v c_o crocker_n and_o dormar_n case_n 22p_n caesar_n and_o curtines_n case_n 35p_n callard_n and_o callards_n case_n 47p_a cawdry_n and_o atton_n case_v 59p_a case_n of_o arm_n 1â—1p_v cowper_n and_o smith_n case_n 128p_a lord_n chandos_n and_o sculler_n case_n 145b_n constable_n and_o clobery_n case_n 161p_n challoner_n and_o moor_n case_n 167b_a chamberlain_n case_v 185b_a calf_n and_o neiols_n case_n 185p_n cadmor_n and_o hildersons_n case_n 186b_a chamber_n case_n 202p_a crab_n and_o tookers_n case_n 204p_n carry_v case_n 207p_v d_o dacres_n and_o culpepper_v case_n 19b_n davies_n and_o gardiner_n case_n 36p_n dillon_n and_o fraine_v case_n 70p_n dabridgcourts_n case_n 85b_n dickenson_n and_o greenhow_v case_n 156p_a day_n and_o drake_n case_v 170b_v dabborn_a and_o martin_n case_n 177p_n drop_v and_o theyars_n case_n 178p_n dickar_n and_o molands_n case_n 200p_n desmond_n and_o jonson_n case_n 201b_v e_o earl_n of_o bedford_n case_n against_o russell_n 3p_n sir_n francis_n englesfields_n case_n 18p_n edward_n and_o halinders_n case_n 46p_a earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n and_o sir_n tho._n stanhop_n case_n 66p_n eton_n and_o monnys_n case_n 98p_a everet_n case_v 107p_a earl_n of_o pembroke_n against_o sir_n henry_n barkley_n 116p_v earl_n of_o shrewsburys_n case_n 132p_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n and_o duel_n case_n 141p_n empson_n and_o bathir_v case_n 176b_v f_o fenner_n and_o fisher_n case_v 1p_a sir_n moil_n finche_n case_n 2â—p_v forth_o and_o halborough_n case_n 39p_n finch_n and_o riseleys_n case_n 53p_a sir_n moil_n finch_n and_o frogmortons_n case_n 53b_n fulwood_n and_o ward_n case_n 86p_n fennor_n case_n 109p_n fulcher_n and_o griffin_n case_n 140p_n foster_n and_o tailor_n case_n 196p_v g_o gibbons_n and_o maltyard_n case_n 6p_n gravener_n and_o brookes_n case_n 32p_n geilles_n and_o rigewayes_n case_n 41p_n greenhingham_n &_o heydon_n case_n 98p_n goodale_n and_o wyat_n case_n 99p_n glover_n and_o humble_v case_n 120b_a gouldwel_n case_n 131p_n godfrey_n and_o owen_n case_n 148p_n gilbert_n and_o hoptons_n case_n 152p_n gore_v case_n 173b_n goodwin_n and_o willoughbys_n case_n 177p_n giffords_n case_n 186b_a goldsmith_n and_o goodwyns_n case_n 186b_a sir_n henry_n gemhams_n case_n 144p_a good_n case_n 211p_v h_o hunt_n &_o gotelers_n case_n 5p_n hayes_n &_o allens_n case_n 13p_n haycock_n &_o warnfords_n case_n 24p_n hughes_n &_o robothams_n case_n 30p_v humble_a and_o oliver_n case_n 55p_n halâ—_n &_o pearts_z case_n 60p_n harry_n and_o farceys_n case_n 61p_a sir_n rowland_n heyward_n case_n 95p_n herbin_n &_o chards_n case_n 96p_a hall_n &_o arrowsmiths_n case_n 105p_n holme_n &_o goose_n case_n 112p_n havengate_n &_o hare_n case_n 126._o 147p_v harlo_n &_o ward_n case_n 127b_a hare_n &_o brickleys_n case_n 128b_a hide_n and_o whistler_n case_n 146p_n hodges_n and_o moor_n case_n 164p_n hemdon_n and_o crowches_n case_n 167b_n holcome_n and_o evans_n case_n 169b_n hobbs_n and_o tadcasters_n case_n 186b_n hord_n &_o paramour_n case_v 201b_a higgs_n case_n 201b_n
harrison_n &_o erringtons_n case_n 202p_a hebborns_n case_n 206p_v i_o jene_fw-fr and_o chester_n case_n 151p_n jenningâ—_n &_o maystâ—â—â—_n case_n 102b_n jorden_n &_o ayliff_n case_v 168b_a jenkin_n and_o vivians_n case_n 201p_v k._n kettle_z and_o mason_n case_v 50p_a king_n and_o bery_n case_v 57p_a kelly_n case_n 104p_fw-mi kirton_n and_o hoxtons_n case_n 115p_v the_o king_n and_o brig_n case_n 150p_n keble_v case_n 18â—b_a knight_n case_n 187b_a king_n &_o merrick_n case_n 2o_n l_o lee_n and_o brown_n case_n 128p_n lewes_n and_o jeofferies_n case_n 153p_v lemason_n and_o dickson_n case_n 189p_v laurk_v and_o wyld_v case_n 126p_n leechford_n and_o saunders_n case_n 194b_n liverel_n and_o rivet_n case_n 206b_n latham_n case_n 210b_a m_n michels_n case_n 8b_n morgan_n case_n 52p_n morgan_n and_o tadcastle_n case_n 55p_n montague_n and_o jeofferies_n case_n 108p_n mounson_n and_o west_n case_n 110p_n may_n and_o ket_n case_n 129p_n middleton_n case_n 131p_n may_n and_o samuel_n case_n 134p_a mingy_n case_v 135p_a sir_n arthur_n mannaring_n case_n 145p_n morley_n and_o sir_n richard_n molineux_v case_n 1â—5p_v millen_n and_o fandry_n case_n 161p_n march_n and_o fandry_n case_n 161p_n march_n and_o newman_n case_n 163p_a mayor_n of_o maidstons_n case_n 180p_n mill_n and_o parson_n case_n 199b_n o_o oak_n and_o the_o lord_n sturtonr_n case_n 65b_n overton_n and_o sydalls_n case_n 120p_v old_a and_o estgreens_n case_n 160b_fw-mi owen_n ward_n case_n 187b_a p_o pigots_n case_n 94p_n porramor_n and_o veralds_n case_n 101p_n pollard_n and_o lutterell_n case_v 108p_a sir_n john_n pool_n case_n 128p_n powel_n case_n 139p_n pack_n and_o methold_v case_n 160p_n probe_n and_o maynes_n case_n 192b_n petit_n and_o robinson_n case_n 203p_n ployden_n and_o symes_n case_n 205p_n r_o roper_n and_o roper_n case_n 106b_n robinson_n &_o walker_n case_n 127p_n rawlinson_n and_o green_n case_n 127p_n rones_n case_n 133p_n richardson_n and_o cabells_n case_n 142p_a sir_n george_n reynalds_n case_n 165p_n ryman_n and_o bickleys_n case_n 129p_n reynor_n and_o hallet_n case_n 187p_n rochester_n and_o rickhouse_n case_n 203p_n rosse_n and_o harvies_n case_n 206b_n risley_n and_o hains_n case_n 209p_n s_o stock_n case_n 37p_v smith_n case_n 53p_n southwell_n and_o ward_n case_n 91p_n sawyer_n and_o hardies_n case_n 99p_v staining_n case_n 102p_v scot_n and_o mainys_n case_n 109p_v strew_v and_o wyllis_n case_n 114p_v southern_a and_o howes_n case_n 143p_a silvester_n case_v 148p_a stone_n and_o withipoles_n case_n 152p_n sary_n and_o pigot_n case_n 166p_v sharp_a and_o rast_n case_n 181p_n snaggs_n case_n 187b_n sherry_n and_o richardsons_n case_n 15p_n smithers_n case_n 169b_n scheverel_n &_o dales_n case_n 193p_n sanders_n &_o meritor_n case_v 200p_a staple_n &_o king_n case_n 206b_n savile_n &_o wortleys_n case_n 207p_n sparman_n &_o sherwoods_n case_n 222p_v t_o thompson_n &_o traffords_n case_n 8p_o taunton_n &_o raries_n case_v 106p_a tailor_n case_n 133p_n thurman_n &_o cooper_n case_n 188p_n talbot_n and_o sir_n walter_n lacens_n case_n 146p_n turner_n and_o dennis_n case_n 169_o five_o vaughans_n case_n 134p_v w_n will_v and_o downing_n case_n 10p_v weble_o and_o skinner_n case_v 85p_a wood_n and_o matthews_n case_n 102p_a westcot_n and_o cotton_n case_n 130p_n wrenhams_n case_n 135p_n wootton_n and_o byes_n case_n 136p_n ward_n case_n 144p_n webb_n and_o pater-noster_n case_v 151p_v westermans_n case_n 151p_n wales_n case_n 160p_n welden_n and_o bâ—sies_n case_n  _fw-fr wick_n case_n 186b_n williams_n and_o vaughan_n case_n 186b_a willer_n case_n 197b_n whelhorseys_n case_n 208p_n woodroof_n and_o vaughan_n case_n 210q_n case_n report_a by_o s_n r._n john_n popham_n knight_n lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o write_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n in_o french_a and_o now_o faithful_o do_v into_o english_a to_o which_o be_v add_v some_o remarkable_a case_n report_a by_o other_o learned_a and_o judicious_a pen_n since_o his_o death_n fenner_n versus_fw-la fisher_n mich._n 34._o and_o 35._o eliz._n reginae_fw-la in_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o trespass_n bring_v by_o justice_n fenner_n against_o andrew_n fisher_n for_o a_o trespass_n do_v in_o the_o parsonage_n house_n of_o craufords_n in_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n 30._o maij_fw-la 34._o of_o the_o queen_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o one_o 〈…〉_o be_v seize_v of_o the_o same_o message_n in_o his_o demesne_n as_o of_o see_v and_o be_v so_o seize_v the_o 〈…〉_o day_n of_o in_o the_o same_o year_n do_v demise_n it_o to_o the_o defendant_n for_o two_o year_n from_o such_o a_o feast_n than_o last_o pass_v by_o virtue_n of_o which_o he_o enter_v and_o be_v possess_v until_o the_o plaintiff_n claim_v by_o colour_n of_o a_o deed_n make_v of_o the_o say_a wright_n where_o nothing_o pass_v by_o the_o deed_n upon_o which_o the_o defendant_n enter_v etc._n etc._n the_o plaintiff_n reply_v by_o protestation_n that_o the_o say_a wright_n be_v not_o seize_v as_o the_o defendant_n have_v allege_v and_o for_o plea_n say_v that_o the_o say_a wright_n do_v not_o let_v it_o to_o the_o defendant_n as_o the_o defendant_n have_v allege_v upon_o which_o be_v at_o issue_n and_o find_v for_o the_o plaintif_a ackinson_n move_v that_o judgement_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n because_o that_o he_o have_v not_o make_v any_o title_n by_o his_o replication_n for_o by_o 9_o e._n 4._o 49._o in_o trespass_n the_o defendant_n plead_v in_o bar_n and_o give_v colour_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o rule_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n ought_v to_o make_v title_n cook_n answer_v that_o he_o need_v not_o to_o make_v title_n in_o this_o case_n but_o that_o it_o suffice_v to_o traverse_v the_o bar_n without_o make_v a_o title_n and_o say_v that_o in_o 22_o e._n 4._o fitzh_n trespass_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o in_o trespass_n the_o plaintiff_n may_v traverse_v the_o bar_n without_o make_v title_n in_o his_o replication_n and_o here_o in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o defendant_n that_o wright_n do_v demise_n it_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o that_o this_o be_v a_o lease_n ta_fw-fr will_n at_o the_o least_o not_o defeat_v by_o his_o own_o show_v but_o by_o the_o lease_n make_v to_o defendant_n this_o be_v traverse_v and_o find_v against_o the_o defendant_n the_o plaintiff_n by_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o defendant_n himself_o have_v a_o good_a title_n against_o he_o to_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n and_o by_o it_o the_o defendant_n by_o his_o reentry_n be_v become_v trespassâ—â—_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o he_o say_v that_o in_o 2_o e._n 4._o fol._n in_o trespass_n where_o the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o let_v the_o land_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o another_o man_n life_n and_o that_o he_o for_o who_o life_n it_o be_v be_v dead_a upon_o which_o he_o enter_v and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o it_o suffice_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o maintain_v that_o cestuy_a &_o vie_n be_v yet_o live_v without_o make_v any_o other_o title_n and_o yet_o these_o reason_n cleoch_n and_o gawdy_n hold_v the_o replication_n good_a to_o which_o popham_n say_v that_o we_o as_o justice_n ought_v not_o to_o adjudge_v for_o the_o plaintif_a where_o a_o good_a &_o formal_a bar_n be_v plead_v as_o here_o it_o be_v but_o whereby_o the_o record_n itself_o which_o be_v before_o we_o we_o can_v see_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v good_a cause_n of_o action_n and_o therefore_o i_o agree_v that_o in_o trespass_n in_o some_o case_n the_o plaintiff_n may_v traverse_v the_o bar_n or_o part_n of_o it_o without_o make_v any_o other_o title_n then_o that_o which_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o the_o bar_n but_o this_o always_o aught_o to_o be_v where_o a_o title_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o the_o bar_n and_o by_o another_o mean_n destroy_v by_o the_o same_o bar_n for_o there_o it_o suffice_v the_o plaintiff_n to_o traverse_v that_o part_n of_o the_o bar_n which_o go_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o title_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n comprise_v in_o the_o bar_n without_o make_v any_o other_o title_n but_o if_o he_o will_v traverse_v any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o bar_n he_o can_v do_v it_o without_o make_v a_o especial_a title_n to_o himself_o in_o his_o replication_n where_o by_o the_o bar_n the_o first_o possession_n appear_v to_o be_v in_o the_o defendant_n because_o that_o although_o the_o traverse_v there_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n yet_o notwithstanding_o by_o the_o record_n in_o such_o a_o case_n the_o first_o possession_n will_v yet_o appear_v to_o be_v in_o the_o defendant_n which_o suffice_v to_o maintain_v his_o regress_n upon_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o therefore_o the_o court_n have_v no_o matter_n before_o they_o in_o such_o a_o case_n to_o adjudge_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n unless_o in_o case_n
where_o the_o plaintiff_n show_v a_o special_a title_n under_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o defendant_n as_o for_o example_n in_o trespass_n for_o break_v of_o his_o close_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o j._n g._n be_v seize_v of_o it_o in_o his_o demesne_n as_o of_o fee_n and_o enfeoff_v j._n k._n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o he_o be_v seize_v according_o and_o so_o be_v seize_v enfeoff_v the_o defendant_n of_o it_o by_o which_o he_o be_v seize_v until_o the_o plaintiff_n claim_v by_o calour_n of_o a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n make_v by_o the_o say_v j._n g._n long_v before_o that_o he_o enfeoff_v j._n k._n where_o nothing_o pass_v by_o the_o say_a feoffment_n enter_v upon_o which_o the_o defendant_n do_v re-enter_v here_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v well_o traverse_v the_o feoffment_n suppose_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o say_v j._n g._n to_o the_o say_v i._n k._n without_o make_v title_n because_o that_o this_o feoffment_n only_o destroy_v the_o estate_n at_o will_n make_v by_o the_o say_v i._n g._n to_o the_o plaintiff_n which_o be_v destroy_v he_o can_v enter_v upon_o the_o defendant_n albeit_o the_o defendant_n come_v to_o the_o land_n by_o disseisin_n and_o not_o by_o the_o feoffment_n of_o the_o say_v i._n k._n for_o the_o first_o possession_n of_o the_o defendant_n be_v a_o good_a title_n in_o trespass_n against_o the_o plaintiff_n if_o he_o can_v show_v or_o maintain_v a_o title_n paramounâ—_n but_o the_o feoffment_n of_o the_o say_v i._n g._n be_v traverse_v and_o find_v for_o he_o he_o have_v by_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o defendant_n himself_o a_o good_a title_n against_o he_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o first_o estate_n at_o will_n acknowledge_v by_o the_o defendant_n to_o be_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o now_o not_o defeat_v but_o in_o the_o same_o case_n he_o can_v traverse_v the_o feoffment_n suppose_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o say_v i._n k._n to_o the_o defendant_n without_o a_o especial_a title_n make_v to_o himself_o for_o albeit_o that_o i._o k._n do_v not_o enfeoff_v the_o defendant_n but_o that_o the_o defendant_n disseise_v he_o or_o that_o he_o come_v to_o the_o land_n by_o another_o mean_n yet_o he_o have_v a_o good_a title_n against_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o his_o first_o possession_n not_o destroy_v by_o any_o title_n paramount_n by_o any_o matter_n which_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n upon_o which_o the_o court_n be_v to_o adjudge_v and_o with_o this_o accord_n the_o opinion_n of_o 31_o &_o 4._o 1._o that_o the_o material_a matter_n of_o the_o bar_n ought_v always_o to_o be_v traverse_v or_o other_o wise_a that_o which_o upon_o the_o plead_n be_v become_v to_o be_v material_a and_o that_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n traverse_v here_o to_o wit_n the_o lease_n make_v by_o wright_n to_o the_o defendant_n be_v the_o material_a point_n of_o the_o bar_n which_o destroy_v the_o title_n paramount_n acknowledge_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o the_o colour_n give_v in_o the_o bar_n which_o be_v good_a without_o another_o title_n make_v so_o note_v well_o the_o diversity_n where_o in_o plead_v in_o trespass_n the_o first_o possession_n be_v acknowledge_v in_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o the_o bar_n and_o where_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o plead_n to_o be_v in_o the_o defendant_n and_o where_o and_o by_o what_o matter_n the_o first_o possession_n acknowledge_v in_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o the_o bar_n be_v avoid_v by_o the_o same_o bar_n and_o upon_o this_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n as_o appear_v in_o 34._o and_o 35._o eliz._n rol._n earl_n of_o bedford_n versus_fw-la eliz._n &_o anne_n russell_n mich._n 34._o and_o 35._o eliz._n 2._o in_o though_o court_n of_o ward_n the_o case_n be_v thus_o between_o the_o now_o earl_n of_o bedford_n ward_n in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n and_z elizabeth_z and_o anne_n the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o john_n late_a lord_n russell_n which_o be_v put_v ten_o time_n to_o all_o the_o justice_n to_o be_v resolve_v francis_n late_a earl_n of_o bedford_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o manor_n of_o baruake_n chaldon_n etc._n etc._n in_o commitatu_fw-la dorset_n in_o his_o demesne_n as_o of_o see_v and_o so_o seize_v the_o four_o year_n of_o queen_n eliz._n of_o it_o enfeoff_v the_o lord_n s_o john_n of_o bletsoe_n and_o other_o in_o see_v to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o forty_o year_n from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o say_a deed_n and_o after_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_v john_n then_o his_o second_o son_n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n and_o for_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n the_o feoffor_a for_o ever_o afterward_o edward_n lord_n russell_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o say_a earl_n dye_v without_o issue_n and_o after_o the_o say_v john_n lord_n russell_n die_v without_o issue_n male_a have_v issue_n the_o say_v two_o daughter_n afterward_o to_o wit_n 27_o eliz._n the_o say_v francis_n earl_n of_o bedford_n by_o indenture_n make_v between_o he_o and_o the_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n and_o other_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n which_o by_o course_n of_o descent_n shall_v or_o may_v succeed_v the_o say_a earl_n in_o the_o name_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o bedford_n and_o for_o the_o better_a establishment_n of_o his_o lordship_n manor_n and_o hereditament_n in_o the_o name_n and_o blood_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n covenant_v and_o grant_v with_o the_o say_a covenantee_n that_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n hereafter_o shall_v stand_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a manor_n among_o other_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o life_n without_o impeachment_n of_o waste_n and_o after_o his_o decease_n to_o the_o use_n of_o francis_n the_o lord_n russell_n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n &_o for_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n to_o the_o use_n of_o sir_n william_n russell_n knight_n his_o young_a son_n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n with_o diverse_a remainder_n over_o after_o which_o the_o say_a francis_n lord_n russell_n tie_v have_v issue_n edward_n the_o now_o earl_n of_o bedford_n and_o after_o this_o the_o say_v francâ—s_n late_a earl_n of_o bedford_n die_v also_o and_o after_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o say_v john_n lord_n russell_n or_o the_o now_o earl_n of_o bedford_n shall_v have_v these_o manor_n of_o barunke_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o question_n and_o upon_o this_o it_o be_v argue_v by_o cook_n sollinton_n and_o other_o for_o the_o daughter_n that_o a_o use_n at_o common-law_n be_v but_o a_o confidence_n put_v in_o some_o to_o the_o benefit_n and_o behoof_n of_o other_o and_o that_o conscience_n be_v to_o give_v remedy_n but_o for_o those_o for_o who_o avail_n the_o confidence_n be_v and_o that_o be_v in_o this_o case_n for_o the_o say_a daughter_n which_o be_v the_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o say_v francis_n late_a earl_n of_o bedford_n upon_o the_o first_o conveyance_n make_v 41_o eliz._n for_o the_o confidence_n that_o he_o put_v in_o the_o feoffee_n as_o to_o the_o profit_n that_o he_o himself_o be_v to_o have_v be_v but_o for_o the_o forty_o year_n and_o how_o can_v any_o other_o say_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v any_o other_o estate_n when_o he_o himself_o say_v that_o he_o will_v have_v it_o but_o for_o forty_o year_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o case_n his_o right_a heir_n shall_v take_v as_o a_o purchasor_n by_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o feoffor_a which_o have_v power_n to_o make_v a_o disposition_n of_o the_o use_n at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o his_o pleasure_n as_o appear_v be_v to_o have_v it_o so_o and_o it_o be_v not_o as_o if_o the_o use_n have_v be_v limit_v to_o be_v to_o himself_o for_o life_n with_o such_o a_o remainder_n over_o in_o which_o case_n the_o use_n of_o the_o fee_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o law_n ought_v to_o execuse_v in_o himself_o for_o the_o freehold_n which_o be_v in_o he_o before_o as_o where_o land_n be_v give_v to_o one_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o his_o right_a heir_n he_o have_v a_o fee-simple_n execute_v but_o here_o he_o shall_v have_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o forty_o year_n precedent_n and_o that_o the_o fee-simple_n can_v be_v execute_v by_o such_o a_o limitation_n make_v to_o the_o right_a heir_n but_o in_o case_n of_o a_o estate_n for_o year_n only_a precedent_n such_o a_o limitation_n to_o his_o right_a heir_n afterward_o be_v not_o good_a but_o in_o case_n of_o a_o use_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o it_o may_v remain_v to_o be_v execute_v to_o be_v a_o use_n in_o esse_fw-la where_o the_o right_a heir_n shall_v be_v and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v resemble_v to_o a_o estate_n make_v in_o possession_n and_o a_o use_n be_v always_o to_o be_v
such_o estate_n that_o the_o law_n allow_v they_o to_o be_v good_a against_o the_o lord_n themselves_o they_o perform_v their_o custom_n and_o service_n and_o therefore_o be_v more_o common_o guide_v by_o the_o guide_v and_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o as_o appear_v in_o dyer_n tr._n 12._o eliz._n possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la of_o such_o a_o estate_n facit_fw-la sororem_fw-la esse_fw-la haeredem_fw-la and_o to_o say_v that_o estate_n of_o copyhold_n land_n be_v not_o warrant_v but_o by_o custom_n and_o every_o custom_n lie_v in_o usage_n and_o without_o usage_n a_o custom_n can_v be_v be_v true_a but_o in_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o great_a the_o lesser_a be_v always_o employ_v as_o by_o usage_n three_o life_n have_v be_v always_o grant_v by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n but_o never_o within_o memory_n two_o or_o one_o alone_o yet_o the_o grant_n of_o one_o or_o two_o life_n only_o be_v warrant_v by_o this_o custom_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o great_a number_n warrant_v the_o lesser_a number_n of_o life_n but_o not_o è_fw-la conuerso_fw-la and_o so_o fee-simple_n upon_o a_o limitation_n or_o estate_n in_o tail_n be_v warrant_v by_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o statute_n because_o they_o be_v lesser_a estate_n than_o be_v warrant_v by_o the_o custom_n and_o these_o lesser_a be_v employ_v as_o before_o in_o the_o great_a and_o none_o will_v doubt_v but_o that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o lord_n may_v make_v a_o demise_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n over_o in_o fee_n and_o it_o be_v well_o warrant_v by_o the_o custom_n and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a estate_n tail_n to_o john_n gravenor_n and_o a_o good_a remainder_n over_o to_o henry_n his_o brother_n and_o if_o so_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v a_o good_a title_n to_o the_o land_n and_o that_o judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o he_o and_o for_o the_o die_v seize_v of_o elizabeth_n they_o do_v not_o regard_v it_o for_o she_o can_v die_v seize_v of_o it_o as_o a_o copyholder_n for_o she_o have_v no_o right_a to_o be_v copyholder_n of_o it_o and_o by_o the_o die_v seize_v of_o a_o copyholder_n at_o common_a law_n it_o shall_v be_v no_o prejudice_n to_o he_o who_o have_v right_a for_o he_o may_v enter_v but_o here_o in_o as_o much_o as_o she_o come_v in_o by_o admittance_n of_o the_o lord_n at_o the_o court_n her_o occupation_n can_v be_v fortious_a to_o he_o and_o therefore_o no_o descent_n at_o common_a law_n by_o she_o die_v seize_v for_o it_o be_v but_o as_o a_o occupation_n at_o will._n but_o if_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o estate_n tail_n in_o john_n gravenor_n as_o they_o conceive_v strong_o it_o be_v yet_o for_o the_o other_o cause_v allege_v by_o gawdy_n and_o clench_v judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o remainder_n which_o be_v not_o good_a shall_v not_o prejudice_v the_o fee-simple_n conditional_a grant_v to_o john_n which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o if_o the_o surrender_n have_v be_v to_o the_o use_n of_o john_n gravenor_n and_o his_o heir_n the_o remainder_n over_o because_o that_o we_o as_o judge_n see_v that_o this_o can_v be_v good_a by_o law_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v compare_v to_o the_o case_n where_o the_o custom_n warrant_v but_o one_o life_n and_o the_o lord_n grant_v then_o joint_o or_o successive_o there_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v void_a and_o this_o be_v true_a because_o the_o custom_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o it_o be_v void_a and_o not_o the_o law_n and_o also_o it_o be_v a_o large_a estate_n than_o the_o custom_n warrant_v which_o be_v not_o here_o and_o upon_o this_o judgement_n be_v give_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v recover_v and_o by_o popham_n it_o have_v be_v use_v and_o that_o upon_o good_a advice_n in_o some_o manor_n to_o bar_v such_o estate_n tail_n by_o a_o common_a recovery_n prosecute_v in_o the_o lord_n court_n upon_o a_o plaint_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o writ_n of_o entry_n in_o the_o post_n 2._o julius_n cesar_n judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o a_o slander_n against_o philip_n curtain_n a_o merchant-stranger_n for_o say_v that_o the_o say_v cesar_n have_v give_v a_o corrupt_a sentence_n and_o upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v and_o 200._o mark_n damage_n give_v it_o be_v allege_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n where_o it_o be_v try_v by_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la at_o the_o guildhall_n by_o a_o partial_a inquest_n because_o that_o upon_o the_o default_n of_o stranger_n one_o be_v challenge_v and_o try_v out_o a_o tale_n be_v award_v de_fw-fr circumstantibus_fw-la by_o the_o justice_n of_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la whereas_o as_o be_v allege_v a_o tale_n can_v not_o have_v be_v grant_v in_o this_o case_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o 35_o h._n 8_o cap._n 6._o which_o give_v the_o tale_n be_v to_o be_v intend_v but_o of_o commontryal_n of_o english_a for_o the_o statute_n speak_v at_o the_o begin_n but_o of_o such_o jury_n which_o by_o the_o law_n eught_v to_o have_v 40_o s._n of_o freehold_n and_o will_n that_o in_o such_o case_n the_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la ought_v to_o have_v this_o clause_n quorum_fw-la quilibet_fw-la habeat_fw-la 40_o s._n in_o terris_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o can_v be_v intend_v of_o alien_n which_o can_v have_v freehold_n and_o it_o go_v further_a that_o upon_o default_n of_o juror_n the_o justice_n have_v authority_n at_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o defendant_n to_o command_v the_o sheriff_n or_o other_o minister_n to_o who_o it_o appertain_v to_o make_v a_o return_n of_o such_o other_o able_a person_n of_o the_o say_a county_n then_o present_a at_o the_o same_o assize_n or_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la which_o shall_v make_v a_o full_a jury_n etc._n etc._n which_o can_v be_v intend_v of_o alien_n but_o of_o subject_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v of_o trial_n which_o be_v only_o of_o english_a and_o not_o of_o this_o inquest_n which_o be_v part_n of_o alien_n and_o further_o the_o tale_n be_v award_v only_o of_o alien_n as_o be_v allege_v on_o the_o defendant_n part_n but_o in_o this_o point_n it_o be_v a_o mistake_n for_o the_o tale_n be_v award_v general_o de_fw-la circumstantibus_fw-la which_o ought_v always_o to_o be_v of_o such_o as_o the_o principal_a pannell_n be_v but_o per_fw-la curiam_fw-la the_o exception_n be_v disallow_v for_o albeit_o the_o statute_n be_v as_o have_v be_v say_v yet_o when_o the_o statute_n come_v to_o this_o clause_n which_o give_v that_o a_o tale_n may_v be_v grant_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la and_o be_v general_o refer_v to_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o act_n for_o it_o be_v add_v furthermore_o be_v it_o enact_v that_o upon_o every_o first_o write_v of_o habeas_fw-la corpora_fw-la or_o distringas_fw-la with_o a_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o sheriff_n etc._n etc._n shall_v return_v upon_o every_o juror_n 5_o s._n issue_n at_o the_o least_o &c_n &c_n which_o be_v general_a of_o all_o and_o then_o it_o go_v further_o and_o will_n that_o in_o every_o such_o writ_n oâ—_n habeas_fw-la corpora_fw-la or_o distringas_fw-la with_o a_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la where_o a_o full_a jury_n do_v not_o appear_v before_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n or_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o command_v the_o sheriff_n or_o other_o minister_n to_o who_o it_o appertain_v to_o nominate_v such_o other_o person_n as_o before_o which_o be_v general_a in_o all_o place_n where_o a_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la be_v grant_v and_o therefore_o this_o be_v not_o except_v neither_o by_o the_o letter_n nor_o intent_n of_o the_o law_n and_o where_o it_o be_v say_v such_o person_n by_o it_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v such_o as_o the_o first_o which_o shall_v be_v of_o alien_n as_o well_o as_o english_a where_o the_o case_n require_v it_o for_o expedition_n be_v as_o requisite_a in_o case_n for_o or_o against_o they_o as_o if_o it_o be_v between_o other_o person_n and_o alien_n may_v well_o be_v of_o the_o county_n or_o place_n where_o the_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la be_v to_o be_v take_v and_o may_v be_v there_o for_o although_o a_o alien_n can_v purchase_v land_n of_o a_o estate_n of_o freehold_n within_o the_o realm_n yet_o he_o may_v have_v a_o house_n for_o habitation_n within_o it_o for_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v there_o albeit_o he_o be_v no_o denizen_n but_o be_v to_o remain_v there_o for_o merchandise_n or_o the_o like_a and_o by_o gawdy_n where_o the_o default_n be_v only_o of_o stranger_n the_o tale_n may_v have_v be_v award_v only_o of_o alien_n as_o where_o a_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o inquest_n within_o two_o county_n and_o those_o of_o the_o one_o county_n appear_v but_o not_o those_o of_o the_o other_o the_o
35_o e._n rot._n 258._o and_o popham_n say_v further_o in_o this_o case_n that_o to_o erect_v a_o hospital_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o hospital_n in_o the_o county_n of_o s._n or_o in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o b._n and_o the_o like_a be_v not_o good_a because_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o a_o place_n too_o large_a and_o incertain_a but_o a_o college_n erect_v in_o accademia_n cantabrig_n or_o oxon._n be_v good_a and_o sâ—me_n be_v so_o found_v because_o it_o tend_v but_o to_o a_o particular_a place_n as_o a_o city_n town_n etc._n etc._n king_n versus_fw-la bery_n and_o palmer_n 2._o in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la bring_v by_o william_n king_n against_o john_n bery_n and_o william_n palmer_n defendant_n for_o two_o message_n and_o certain_a land_n in_o halstead_n in_o the_o county_n of_o leicester_n upon_o a_o demise_n allege_v to_o be_v make_v by_o dorothy_n pool_n and_o robert_n smith_n the_o case_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n be_v this_o the_o say_v dorothy_n be_v tenant_n for_o life_n of_o the_o say_a tenant_n the_o remainder_n over_o to_o the_o say_v robert_n smith_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o they_o be_v so_o seize_v make_v the_o lease_n in_o the_o declaration_n upon_o which_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v and_o per_fw-la curiam_fw-la the_o lease_n find_v by_o the_o verdict_n do_v not_o warrant_v the_o lease_n allege_v in_o the_o declaration_n for_o although_o they_o join_v in_o the_o demise_n yet_o during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o say_v dorothy_n it_o be_v her_o demise_n and_o not_o the_o demise_n of_o the_o say_v robert_n smith_n but_o as_o his_o confirmation_n for_o that_o time_n for_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v to_o meddle_v with_o the_o land_n during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o say_v dorothy_n but_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v dorothy_n then_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o domise_n of_o the_o say_v robert_n smith_n and_o not_o before_o because_o until_o this_o time_n smith_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v to_o meddle_v with_o the_o land_n and_o in_o a_o more_o strong_a case_n if_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n in_o fee_n make_v a_o gift_n in_o tail_n for_o the_o life_n of_o tenant_n for_o life_n it_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v his_o gift_n but_o after_o his_o death_n it_o shall_v be_v say_v the_o gift_n of_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n and_o if_o the_o estate_n tail_n have_v expire_v during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o say_a tenant_n for_o life_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n again_o in_o his_o former_a estate_n and_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o forfeiture_n in_o the_o case_n because_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o immediate_a estate_n of_o inheritance_n have_v join_v in_o it_o and_o therefore_o have_v dispense_v with_o that_o which_o otherwise_o have_v be_v a_o mere_a forfeiture_n of_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n whereby_o it_o be_v award_v by_o the_o court_n that_o the_o plaintif_n take_v nothing_o by_o his_o bill_n in_o 33_o &_o 34_o eliz._n rot._n and_o the_o judgement_n be_v enter_v hill_n 34._o eliz._n ret._n 72._o 3._o in_o this_o term_n i_o happen_v to_o see_v a_o case_n agree_v by_o the_o justice_n in_o 3._o &_o 4._o eliz._n which_o be_v this_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n of_o two_o barn_n render_v rend_v and_o for_o default_n of_o payment_n a_o reentry_n if_o the_o tenant_n be_v at_o one_o of_o the_o barn_n to_o pay_v the_o rent_n and_o the_o lessor_n at_o the_o other_o to_o demand_v the_o rent_n and_o none_o be_v there_o to_o pay_v it_o that_o yet_o the_o lessor_n can_v enter_v for_o the_o condition_n break_v because_o there_o be_v no_o default_n in_o the_o tenant_n he_o be_v at_o one_o for_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o he_o to_o be_v at_o both_o place_n together_o and_o upon_o this_o case_n now_o remember_v to_o the_o justice_n popham_n walmesley_n and_o fennor_n say_v that_o perhaps_o also_o the_o tenant_n have_v not_o money_n sufficient_a to_o have_v be_v ready_a to_o have_v pay_v it_o at_o either_o of_o the_o say_a place_n but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o he_o to_o have_v and_o provide_v one_o rent_n which_o can_v be_v at_o two_o place_n together_o and_o by_o the_o case_n report_v here_o also_o if_o land_n and_o wood_n be_v demise_v together_o the_o rent_n ought_v to_o be_v demand_v at_o the_o land_n and_o not_o the_o woood_a because_o the_o land_n be_v the_o more_o worthy_a thing_n and_o also_o more_o open_a than_o the_o wood_n and_o therefore_o by_o the_o three_o justice_n aforesaid_a rent_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v demand_v in_o any_o private_a place_n of_o a_o close_a as_o among_o bush_n in_o a_o pit_n or_o the_o like_a nor_o in_o the_o open_a and_o most_o usual_a passage_n thereof_o as_o at_o a_o style_n gate_n and_o the_o like_a 4._o upon_o a_o prohibition_n sue_v out_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o case_n appear_v to_o be_v this_o the_o late_a lord_n rich_a father_n to_o the_o now_o lord_n rich_a devise_v to_o his_o daughter_n for_o her_o advancement_n in_o marriage_n 1500._o upon_o condition_n that_o she_o marry_v with_o the_o consent_n of_o certain_a friend_n and_o devise_v further_a that_o if_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o pay_v his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n that_o then_o there_o shall_v be_v 200_o l._n a_o year_n of_o his_o land_n sell_v to_o supply_v it_o and_z dies_z make_v the_o now_o lord_n rich_a his_o executor_n his_o good_n and_o chattel_n not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o pay_v the_o debt_n of_o the_o testator_n as_o be_v aver_v the_o say_a daughter_n marry_v with_o a_o husband_n against_o the_o will_n of_o those_o who_o be_v put_v in_o trust_n to_o give_v their_o assent_n and_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n sue_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n for_o the_o legacy_n and_o it_o be_v surmise_v that_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v the_o proof_n of_o the_o say_v now_o lord_n rich_a exhihit_v to_o prove_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n of_o his_o testator_n and_o further_o that_o they_o will_v charge_v he_o for_o the_o sale_n of_o the_o land_n upon_o which_o matter_n the_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o delegate_n before_o who_o the_o matter_n depend_v and_o now_o consultation_n be_v pray_v in_o the_o case_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v affirm_v by_o a_o doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o they_o will_v allow_v the_o proof_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n according_a to_o our_o law_n and_o that_o the_o legacy_n shall_v not_o be_v pay_v until_o the_o debs_n be_v satisfy_v but_o he_o say_v that_o by_o the_o law_n if_o the_o executor_n do_v not_o exhibit_v his_o inventory_n but_o neglect_v it_o for_o a_o year_n or_o more_o that_o then_o if_o any_o omission_n or_o default_n be_v in_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o inventory_n exhibit_v that_o then_o such_o on_o executor_n for_o this_o default_n shall_v pay_v all_o the_o legacy_n of_o his_o testator_n of_o what_o value_n soever_o they_o be_v not_o respect_v the_o debt_n or_o the_o value_n of_o the_o good_n or_o chattel_n how_o small_a soever_o the_o omission_n or_o default_n be_v in_o the_o inventory_n and_o so_o he_o say_v be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o now_o sir_n richard_n s._n who_o do_v not_o bring_v in_o the_o inventory_n for_o four_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o that_o in_o the_o inventory_n exhibit_v the_o value_v of_o every_o thing_n be_v find_v to_o be_v too_o small_a and_o therefore_o to_o be_v charge_v by_o their_o law_n albeit_o he_o have_v not_o good_n and_o chattel_n sufficient_a of_o the_o testator_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o be_v quite_o without_o reason_n for_o by_o such_o mean_v every_o subject_a of_o the_o realm_n may_v be_v utter_o defeat_v if_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o executorship_n and_o if_o this_o shall_v be_v admit_v no_o man_n will_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n of_o any_o and_o by_o such_o a_o mean_v none_o will_v have_v their_o will_n perform_v which_o shall_v be_v too_o inconvenient_a and_o they_o say_v further_o that_o in_o as_o much_o as_o debt_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n those_o of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n ought_v to_o admit_v in_o the_o proof_n thereof_o such_o proof_n as_o our_o law_n allow_v and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o preciseness_n of_o their_o law_n and_o although_o by_o their_o law_n such_o a_o condition_n as_o before_o be_v annex_v to_o a_o legacy_n be_v void_a because_o that_o marriage_n oughr_fw-mi to_o be_v free_a without_o coercion_n yet_o where_o we_o be_v to_o judge_v upon_o the_o point_n as_o we_o be_v here_o if_o the_o execution_n happen_v to_o be_v charge_v because_o of_o the_o sale_n of_o land_n and_o for_o
be_v avoid_v and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n here_o but_o popham_n take_v a_o diversity_n where_o the_o possession_n or_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o queen_n be_v determine_v and_o where_o not_o for_o where_o the_o estate_n be_v determine_v there_o the_o subject_n may_v enter_v into_o the_o land_n without_o office_n or_o ouster_v le_fw-fr main_fw-fr but_o where_o the_o possession_n continue_v there_o the_o party_n shall_v not_o come_v to_o it_o unless_o by_o petition_n monstrans_fw-la de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr officio_fw-la or_o the_o like_a and_o therefore_o he_o say_v that_o if_o the_o queen_n have_v a_o estate_n pur_fw-mi auter_n vie_fw-fr or_o depend_v upon_o any_o other_o limitation_n if_o it_o be_v determine_v according_a to_o the_o limitation_n the_o party_n who_o have_v interest_n may_v enter_v so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o devise_v put_v before_o and_o if_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v for_o life_n the_o remainder_n in_o tail_n the_o reversion_n in_o fee_n and_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n in_o tail_n levy_v a_o fine_a sur_fw-fr conusance_fw-fr de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr come_v ceo_fw-la que_fw-fr il_fw-fr ad_fw-la de_fw-fr son_n do_v to_o a_o stranger_n with_o proclamation_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n and_o afterward_o the_o stranger_n convey_v the_o remainder_n to_o the_o queen_n her_o heir_n and_o successor_n and_o after_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n die_v and_o after_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n in_o tail_n die_v without_o issue_n now_o may_v he_o in_o the_o remainder_n in_o fee_n enter_v because_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o queen_n be_v determine_v but_o here_o the_o queen_n have_v a_o fee-simple_n in_o herself_o but_o determinable_a upon_o the_o estate-tail_n which_o yet_o remain_v which_o fee-simple_n in_o reversion_n can_v be_v divest_v out_o of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o queen_n but_o by_o matter_n of_o record_n of_o so_o high_a nature_n as_o it_o be_v in_o she_o to_o wit_n by_o petition_n monstrans_fw-la de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr or_o the_o like_a as_o if_o a_o reversson_n or_o remainder_n be_v alienate_v in_o mortmain_n the_o claim_n of_o the_o lord_n suffice_v therâ—_n to_o vest_n the_o reversion_n in_o the_o lord_n for_o the_o alienation_n but_o if_o the_o reversion_n or_o remainder_n of_o which_o such_o a_o claim_n be_v make_v be_v convey_v to_o the_o king_n his_o remedy_n be_v now_o by_o office_n monstrans_fw-la de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr or_o petition_n for_o claim_n will_v not_o now_o serve_v he_o for_o this_o shall_v be_v to_o divest_v the_o possession_n out_o of_o the_o queen_n which_o by_o such_o mean_n can_v be_v do_v no_o more_o then_o where_o a_o reversion_n or_o remainder_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o queen_n upon_o condition_n but_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o office_n to_o find_v the_o performance_n of_o it_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o matter_n in_o pais_fw-fr and_o without_o monstrans_fw-la de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr or_o otherwise_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v divest_v out_o of_o the_o queen_n possession_n yet_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o common_a person_n a_o claim_n will_v divest_v it_o out_o of_o they_o but_o not_o so_o of_o the_o queen_n and_o these_o case_n gawdy_a agree_v but_o he_o conceive_v that_o in_o the_o case_n in_o question_n the_o claim_n make_v determine_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o queen_n which_o be_v make_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o fine_a upon_o the_o statute_n and_o popham_n deny_v the_o case_n put_v in_o 7_o h._n 6._o to_o be_v law_n as_o it_o be_v put_v upon_o the_o opinion_n of_o strange_a there_o for_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o claim_n there_o do_v not_o divest_v any_o possession_n which_o be_v in_o the_o king_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o wardship_n and_o if_o this_o be_v not_o thereby_o defeat_v the_o claim_n do_v not_o help_v the_o disseisee_fw-mi against_o the_o descent_n and_o this_o appear_v full_o by_o littleton_n who_o say_v so_o of_o a_o claim_n which_o avoid_v a_o descent_n to_o wit_n that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v such_o upon_o which_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi may_v upon_o every_o such_o claim_n make_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n or_o assize_n against_o the_o dissessor_n or_o he_o who_o be_v in_o possession_n if_o he_o continue_v his_o possession_n after_o such_o claim_v make_v which_o can_v be_v in_o this_o case_n where_o the_o possession_n be_v in_o the_o king_n which_o can_v be_v defeat_v by_o such_o a_o claim_n and_o in_o the_o lord_n dyer_n where_o the_o feoffee_n or_o mortgagee_n of_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o queen_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o knight_n service_n die_v before_o the_o day_n of_o redemption_n his_o heir_n be_v within_o age_n whereby_o upon_o office_n find_v the_o queen_n have_v the_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n and_o land_n of_o the_o heir_n after_o which_o the_o mortgagee_n at_o the_o day_n of_o redemption_n make_v payment_n and_o of_o this_o also_o a_o office_n be_v find_v yet_o he_o can_v not_o enter_v either_o before_o or_o after_o office_n but_o upon_o monstrans_fw-la de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr thereupon_o he_o have_v his_o ouster_n le_fw-fr main_fw-fr and_o the_o reason_n why_o a_o claim_n shall_v serve_v in_o this_o case_n between_o common_a person_n be_v because_o that_o by_o such_o claim_v the_o thing_n itself_o be_v devest_v out_o of_o he_o who_o have_v it_o before_o and_o thereby_o actual_o vest_v in_o he_o who_o make_v the_o claim_n as_o where_o a_o villain_n purchase_v a_o reversion_n by_o the_o claim_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o reversion_n be_v actual_o in_o he_o as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o possession_n by_o entry_n but_o where_o he_o be_v put_v to_o his_o claim_n to_o divest_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o a_o common_a person_n he_o be_v put_v to_o his_o suit_n to_o divest_v it_o out_o of_o the_o queen_n and_o to_o say_v that_o bret_n shall_v not_o take_v advantage_n of_o this_o conveyance_n make_v to_o make_v it_o good_a by_o the_o fine_a i_o think_v the_o law_n to_o be_v clear_a otherwise_o as_o to_o this_o point_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o fines_n be_v make_v tor_z the_o security_n of_o purchaser_n and_o possessor_n of_o land_n and_o therefore_o take_v more_o strong_o against_o they_o who_o pretend_v right_o or_o title_n and_o for_o the_o great_a advantage_n that_o may_v be_v for_o the_o possessor_n of_o land_n and_o therefore_o the_o possessor_n by_o what_o ever_o mean_v he_o can_v may_v make_v his_o fine_a to_o be_v forceable_a and_o therefore_o the_o fine_a upon_o this_o statute_n differ_v much_o from_o a_o fine_a at_o common_a law_n for_o where_o at_o common_a law_n a_o infent_n be_v a_o disseisor_n be_v disseise_v by_o one_o who_o levy_v a_o fine_a and_o the_o year_n and_o the_o day_n pass_v without_o claim_n of_o the_o first_o disseisee_n now_o be_v the_o first_o disseisee_n bar_v yet_o if_o afterward_o the_o infant_n who_o be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o fine_a enter_v the_o first_o disseisee_n may_v enter_v upon_o he_o because_o that_o by_o this_o entry_n the_o fine_a at_o common_a law_n be_v utter_o defeat_v but_o now_o by_o the_o statute_n such_o a_o fine_a be_v levy_v with_o proclamation_n the_o first_o disseisee_fw-mi not_o pursue_v according_o to_o the_o statute_n be_v bar_v for_o ever_o and_o although_o the_o infant_n enter_v at_o full_a age_n and_o undo_v the_o fine_a as_o to_o himself_o yet_o this_o fine_a remain_v always_o to_o bar_v the_o first_o disseissee_fw-fr and_o make_v that_o the_o infant_n have_v now_o right_o against_o all_o the_o world_n and_o so_o now_o take_v advantage_n thereof_o and_o this_o be_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o repose_n of_o controversy_n and_o suit_n and_o the_o quiet_a of_o the_o people_n and_o if_o i_o procure_v a_o fine_a to_o be_v levy_v on_o purpose_n to_o bar_v another_o of_o his_o action_n which_o he_o may_v have_v against_o i_o for_o the_o land_n yet_o i_o shall_v take_v advantage_n of_o this_o fine_a and_o the_o other_o shall_v have_v no_o advantage_n against_o i_o because_o of_o this_o covin_z for_o if_o this_o shall_v be_v admit_v it_o will_v countervail_v the_o benefit_n which_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o fines_n and_o if_o a_o disseisor_n enfeoffee_n another_o upon_o condition_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n shall_v be_v levy_v to_o the_o feoffee_n to_o bar_v the_o disseisee_fw-mi and_o after_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi be_v bar_v the_o disseisor_n enter_v for_o the_o condition_n he_o shall_v yet_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o fine_a against_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi and_o popham_n put_v a_o case_n which_o be_v in_o this_o court_n 23_o eliz._n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n which_o be_v between_o okes_n plaintiff_n upon_o the_o demise_n of_o john_n late_a lord_n sturton_n of_o cottington_n which_o be_v this_o the_o lord_n sturton_n be_v tenant_n for_o life_n of_o certain_a land_n in_o lighe_a in_o the_o county_n of_o somerset_n the_o remainder_n in_o tail_n
wit_n the_o 6_o day_n of_o july_n in_o the_o same_o 6_o year_n by_o his_o deed_n of_o the_o same_o date_n the_o say_a christopher_n enfeoff_v the_o say_a sir_n john_n chichester_n and_o his_o heir_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o by_o the_o same_o deed_n warrant_v it_o for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n to_o the_o say_a sir_n john_n chichester_n and_o his_o heir_n whereupon_o the_o say_a sir_n john_n chichester_n enter_v into_o the_o say_a manor_n after_o which_o to_o wit_n the_o first_o day_n of_o october_n 12_o eliz._n the_o say_v christopher_n die_v after_o which_o the_o seven_o day_n of_o november_n 13_o eliz._n the_o say_v stretchley_n chudleigh_n die_v without_o issue_n of_o his_o body_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_a sir_n richard_n chudleigh_n to_o wit_n the_o 6_o day_n of_o september_n 7_o eliz._n the_o say_a sir_n john_n chichester_n enfeoff_v one_o philip_n chichester_n and_o his_o heir_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_v philip_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o the_o say_v close_o be_v copyhold_n and_o customary_a land_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n demisable_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o same_o manor_n or_o his_o steward_n for_o the_o time_n be_v for_o life_n or_o life_n by_o copy_n of_o court-roll_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n the_o say_v philip_n at_o a_o court_n hold_v at_o the_o say_a manor_n for_o the_o say_a manor_n the_o 8_o day_n of_o december_n 15_o eliz._n by_o copy_n of_o court-roll_n grant_v the_o say_v close_o to_o the_o say_v john_n frain_n for_o term_n of_o his_o life_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n after_o which_o to_o wit_n the_o 11_o day_n of_o march_n 28_o eliz._n the_o say_v john_n chudleigh_n be_v now_o heir_n to_o the_o say_v christopher_n enfeoff_v the_o say_a william_n dillon_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_v william_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o whereby_o he_o enter_v and_o be_v seize_v until_o the_o say_a john_n fraine_n enter_v into_o the_o say_v close_o upon_o he_o the_o 8_o day_n of_o february_n 30_o eliz._n upon_o which_o entry_n of_o the_o say_v fraine_n this_o action_n be_v bring_v and_o for_o difficulty_n of_o the_o case_n it_o be_v adjourn_v into_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n before_o all_o the_o justice_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o there_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o that_o a_o warranty_n descend_v upon_o a_o infant_n shall_v not_o bind_v he_o in_o case_n that_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v lawful_a into_o the_o land_n to_o which_o the_o warranty_n be_v unite_v but_o the_o infant_n ought_v in_o such_o a_o case_n to_o look_v well_o that_o he_o do_v not_o suffer_v a_o descent_n of_o the_o land_n after_o his_o full_a age_n before_o he_o have_v make_v his_o reentry_n for_o then_o the_o warranty_n when_o he_o be_v to_o have_v a_o action_n for_o the_o land_n shall_v bind_v he_o and_o they_o agree_v also_o that_o a_o copyhold_n grant_v by_o a_o disseisor_n or_o any_o other_o who_o have_v the_o manor_n of_o which_o it_o be_v parcel_n by_o wrong_n shall_v be_v avoid_v by_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi or_o any_o other_o who_o have_v right_a to_o the_o manor_n by_o his_o entry_n or_o recovery_n of_o the_o manor_n and_o so_o by_o popham_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o justice_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o hasselbury_n brian_n in_o the_o county_n of_o dorset_n between_z henry_n late_a earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o henry_n late_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n but_o then_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o admittance_n upon_o surrender_n of_o copyholder_n in_o fee_n to_o the_o use_n of_o another_o or_o if_o a_o heir_n in_o case_n of_o a_o descent_n of_o a_o copyhold_n be_v good_a be_v make_v by_o a_o disseisor_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o any_o other_o who_o have_v it_o by_o tort_n because_o these_o be_v act_n of_o necessity_n and_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o stranger_n to_o wit_n of_o he_o who_o be_v to_o have_v the_o land_n by_o the_o surrender_n or_o of_o the_o heir_n and_o also_o grant_v make_v by_o copy_n by_o the_o feoffee_n upon_o condition_n of_o a_o manor_n before_o the_o condition_n break_v be_v good_a because_o he_o be_v lawful_a dominus_fw-la pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la and_o for_o the_o matter_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o what_o shall_v become_v of_o this_o future_a use_n limit_v to_o the_o first_o second_o and_o other_o issue_n male_n not_o in_o esse_fw-la at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o feoffment_n ewens_n owen_n bateman_n and_o fennor_n say_v that_o a_o use_v at_o common_a law_n be_v be_v use_v what_o it_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o confidence_n which_o one_o person_n put_v in_o another_o for_o a_o confidence_n can_v be_v in_o land_n or_o other_o dead_a thing_n but_o aught_o always_o to_o be_v in_o such_o a_o thing_n which_o have_v understanding_n of_o the_o trust_n put_v in_o he_o which_o can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o such_o a_o one_o who_o hâ—th_v reason_n and_o understanding_n to_o perform_v what_o the_o other_o have_v commit_v to_o he_o which_o confidence_n shall_v bind_v but_o in_o privity_n and_o yet_o the_o confidence_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o land_n but_o every_o one_o who_o have_v the_o land_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o the_o confidence_n but_o in_o privity_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o heir_n and_o the_o feoffee_n who_o have_v knowledge_n of_o the_o confidence_n and_o in_o he_o who_o come_v to_o the_o land_n by_o feoffment_n without_o consideration_n albeit_o he_o have_v no_o knowledge_n thereof_o and_o yet_o every_o feoffee_n be_v not_o bind_v although_o he_o have_v knowledge_n of_o the_o confidence_n as_o a_o alien_a person_n attaint_n and_o the_o like_a not_o the_o king_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v seize_v to_o another_o use_n because_o he_o be_v not_o compellable_n to_o perform_v the_o confidence_n nor_o a_o corporation_n because_o it_o be_v a_o dead_a body_n although_o it_o consist_v of_o natural_a person_n and_o in_o this_o dead_a body_n a_o confidence_n can_v be_v put_v but_o in_o body_n natural_a and_o this_o be_v the_o common_a law_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o then_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v not_o to_o execute_v any_o use_n before_o that_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o use_n in_o esse_fw-la for_o the_o word_n be_v where_o any_o person_n be_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o other_o person_n that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n he_o who_o have_v the_o use_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o estate_n in_o the_o land_n which_o he_o have_v before_o in_o the_o use_n ergo_fw-la by_o the_o very_a letter_n of_o the_o law_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o estate_n in_o the_o use_n and_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o person_n to_o have_v the_o use_v before_o the_o statute_n intend_v to_o execute_v any_o possession_n to_o the_o use_n for_o the_o word_n be_v express_v that_o in_o every_o such_o case_n he_o shall_v have_v it_o therefore_o not_o another_o and_o therefore_o the_o statute_n have_v purpose_n to_o execute_v the_o use_v in_o possession_n reversion_n or_o remainder_n present_o upon_o the_o conveyance_n make_v to_o the_o use_v but_o for_o the_o future_a use_v which_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v at_o a_o time_n to_o come_v upon_o any_o contingent_a as_o to_o the_o infant_n here_o not_o be_v then_o bear_v the_o statute_n never_o intend_v to_o execute_v such_o use_v until_o they_o happen_v to_o have_v their_o be_v and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o leave_v they_o as_o they_o be_v at_o common_a law_n without_o meddle_v with_o or_o alter_v of_o they_o in_o any_o manner_n until_o this_o time_n and_o if_o before_o this_o time_n the_o root_n out_o of_o which_o these_o contingent_a use_v aught_o to_o spring_n be_v defeat_v the_o use_n for_o this_o be_v utter_o destroy_v and_o shall_v never_o afterward_o have_v his_o be_v as_o here_o by_o the_o feoffment_n make_v by_o the_o say_a sir_n john_n saintleger_n and_o his_o co-feoffees_a who_o then_o be_v but_o as_o tenement_n pur_fw-mi auter_n vie_fw-fr to_o wit_n for_o the_o life_n of_o christopher_n and_o which_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o for_o which_o oliver_n chudleigh_n may_v have_v enter_v it_o be_v before_o that_o the_o say_v strechley_n or_o john_n chudleigh_n be_v bear_v the_o privity_n of_o they_o from_o estate_n be_v the_o root_n out_o of_o which_o this_o future_a use_n ought_v to_o have_v rise_v be_v go_v and_o destroy_v and_o therefore_o the_o contingent_a use_v utter_o thereby_o overthrow_v as_o if_o before_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o tenant_n for_o life_n have_v be_v the_o remainder_n over_o in_o fee_n to_o a_o use_n
the_o causa_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la prolocuti_fw-la which_o as_o they_o pretend_v ought_v to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v a_o trust_n at_o common_a law_n and_o the_o other_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n that_o the_o lord_n in_o case_n of_o ward_n against_o feoffment_n make_v by_o collusion_n which_o feoffment_n they_o allege_v prove_v that_o a_o trust_n than_o be_v to_o which_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o gift_n make_v by_o a_o woman_n to_o another_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o he_o shall_v marry_v she_o have_v in_o it_o a_o condition_n more_o proper_o imply_v to_o wit_n that_o if_o he_o do_v not_o marry_v she_o that_o she_o shall_v have_v her_o land_n back_o again_o for_o which_o the_o common_a law_n give_v her_o remedy_n by_o the_o action_n aforesaid_a for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v but_o a_o trust_n no_o remedy_n have_v be_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n the_o contrary_a thereunto_o be_v manifest_o prove_v for_o the_o statute_n speak_v but_o of_o feoffment_n make_v to_o heir_n apparant_n or_o upon_o condition_n or_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o enffeoff_v the_o heir_n at_o his_o full_a age_n or_o the_o like_a in_o which_o case_n the_o use_n always_o go_v with_o the_o possession_n and_o be_v not_o to_o the_o feffor_a and_o the_o statute_n of_o 4._o h._n 7._o be_v make_v in_o vain_a which_o give_v the_o wardship_n of_o cestuy_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_v where_o no_o will_n be_v declare_v which_o have_v not_o be_v needful_a if_o feoffment_n within_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n have_v be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v to_o uses_n and_o without_o doubt_n if_o those_o who_o make_v the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n have_v then_o have_v knowledge_n of_o these_o feoffment_n to_o uses_n which_o be_v so_o mischievous_a and_o more_o than_o the_o other_o feoffment_n by_o collusion_n they_o then_o will_v have_v provide_v remedy_n for_o these_o case_n of_o uses_n also_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr religiosis_fw-la ordain_v that_o nec_fw-la arte_fw-la nec_fw-la ingenio_fw-la land_n shall_v not_o be_v convey_v in_o mortmain_n and_o thereby_o it_o be_v conceive_v that_o a_o full_a provision_n have_v be_v make_v against_o these_o mortmain_n and_o yet_o in_o 15_o rich._n 2._o provision_n be_v make_v against_o uses_n convey_v in_o mortmain_n to_o religious_a or_o other_o corporation_n of_o which_o they_o take_v the_o profit_n and_o without_o doubt_n those_o who_o be_v so_o precise_a in_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o religiosis_fw-la against_o mortmain_n will_v also_o have_v make_v provision_n for_o the_o use_n if_o they_o have_v then_o be_v know_v but_o to_o clear_v this_o point_n without_o all_o controversy_n the_o statute_n itself_o of_o use_n 27_o h._n 8._o make_v it_o plain_a which_o say_v express_o that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n land_n or_o tenement_n ought_v not_o to_o pass_v from_o one_o to_o another_o without_o solemn_a livery_n matter_n of_o record_n or_o write_v and_o that_o these_o feoffment_n to_o use_n be_v error_n use_v and_o accustom_v within_o the_o realm_n to_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n therefore_o it_o stand_v not_o with_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o all_o the_o parliament_n take_v it_o which_o be_v more_o to_o be_v regard_v then_o any_o book_n vouch_v but_o see_v how_o and_o when_o they_o begin_v and_o creep_v in_o at_o common_a law_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v easy_o perceive_v as_o it_o have_v be_v well_o say_v by_o some_o of_o those_o who_o argue_v to_o this_o point_n at_o the_o beginning_n that_o they_o begin_v by_o two_o mean_n to_o wit_n by_o fraud_n and_o by_o fear_n and_o he_o say_v that_o the_o first_o book_n which_o he_o have_v see_v in_o all_o the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n which_o tend_v to_o a_o use_n be_v the_o case_n of_o 8._o assize_n which_o make_v mention_n that_o the_o counsee_n of_o a_o fine_a enter_v into_o the_o land_n in_o the_o right_n of_o another_o which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v to_o another_o use_n and_o in_o the_o quadragessimâ—s_n of_o edw._n 3._o mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o feoffee_n of_o the_o lord_n burglash_n who_o sue_v to_o the_o king_n by_o petition_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 50_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 6._o mention_n be_v make_v that_o divers_a give_v their_o land_n to_o their_o friend_n to_o have_v the_o profit_n and_o afterward_o flee_v to_o privilege_a place_n and_o live_v there_o to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o their_o creditor_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n execution_n shall_v be_v make_v as_o if_o no_o such_o assurance_n have_v be_v make_v and_o by_o 2_o rich._n 2._o these_o be_v call_v feoffment_n to_o use_n and_o make_v by_o craft_n to_o deceive_v creditor_n and_o there_o be_v the_o first_o mention_n which_o be_v make_v in_o any_o statute_n of_o the_o word_n use_v so_o fraud_n have_v be_v always_o the_o chief_a foundation_n of_o these_o use_v yet_o in_o time_n they_o begin_v to_o have_v some_o credit_n in_o the_o law_n and_o this_o be_v when_o man_n see_v that_o the_o court_n of_o conscience_n give_v remedy_n in_o these_o case_n against_o such_o who_o have_v not_o the_o conscience_n themselves_o to_o perform_v the_o trust_n put_v in_o they_o and_o to_o take_v away_o the_o danger_n which_o happen_v to_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o good_a subject_n upon_o the_o garboyl_v which_o happen_v between_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 3._o and_o that_o of_o king_n h._n 7._o cause_v that_o in_o effect_n all_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v put_v in_o feoffment_n to_o use_n and_o the_o first_o case_n in_o the_o law_n which_o speak_v of_o this_o word_n use_v which_o he_o ever_o see_v be_v as_o he_o say_v in_o 5_o h._n 4._o and_o in_o the_o like_a case_n by_o gascoign_n 7_o h._n 4._o no_o remedy_n be_v give_v by_o the_o law_n for_o cestay_n que_fw-fr use_n and_o afterward_o it_o creep_v into_o the_o law_n as_o appear_v yet_o as_o a_o error_n of_o long_a time_n use_v and_o if_o before_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h_n 8._o a_o lease_n have_v be_v make_v for_o life_n the_o remainder_n in_o fee_n to_o the_o use_n of_o b._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o first_o son_n of_o the_o say_v b._n and_o so_o further_o as_o here_o if_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n have_v make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n to_o a_o stranger_n and_o have_v not_o give_v the_o strange_a notice_n of_o the_o use_n and_o all_o this_o be_v without_o consideration_n and_o afterward_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n in_o fee_n to_o the_o use_n have_v release_v all_o his_o right_n to_o the_o say_a stranger_n every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v be_v hereby_o without_o remedy_n for_o their_o uses_n be_v the_o son_n of_o b._n bear_v before_o or_o after_o this_o wrong_n do_v so_o if_o it_o be_v at_o common_a law_n before_o this_o statute_n as_o have_v be_v weâ—l_o say_v and_o the_o law_n be_v so_o before_o this_o statute_n than_o he_o say_v it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o case_n after_o the_o statute_n which_o will_v stand_v altogether_o upon_o this_o what_o will_v become_v of_o these_o contingent_a use_v to_o the_o son_n not_o bear_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_a feoffment_n make_v by_o sir_n john_n saintleger_n and_o his_o co-feoffees_a by_o this_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o and_o it_o seem_v to_o he_o clear_o that_o no_o possession_n be_v execute_v to_o any_o contingent_a use_n by_o this_o statute_n until_o it_o come_v in_o be_v and_o that_o as_o the_o case_n be_v here_o and_o in_o some_o other_o special_a case_n it_o shall_v never_o be_v execute_v and_o one_o cause_n why_o such_o a_o contingent_a use_n shall_v not_o be_v execute_v be_v because_o it_o do_v not_o stand_v with_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o law_n but_o rather_o be_v against_o the_o letter_n another_o cause_n be_v because_o it_o be_v utter_o against_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o law_n to_o execute_v it_o as_o the_o case_n be_v here_o it_o do_v not_o stand_v with_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o this_o be_v where_o any_o person_n or_o person_n stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o other_o person_n or_o person_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o none_o can_v stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o he_o who_o be_v not_o neither_o can_v he_o who_o be_v not_o in_o rerum_fw-la natura_fw-la have_v any_o use_n therefore_o the_o case_n here_o do_v not_o stand_v with_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n to_o be_v now_o execute_v and_o further_o the_o word_n follow_v be_v that_o in_o every_o such_o case_n every_o person_n who_o have_v such_o a_o use_n in_o fee-simple_n fee-tail_n for_o life_n for_o year_n etc._n etc._n or_o otherwise_o in_o remainder_n or_o
to_o attend_v and_o be_v assistant_n to_o the_o justice_n sheriff_n or_o other_o minister_n of_o the_o king_n in_o the_o do_n of_o it_o 3._o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v also_o resolve_v by_o they_o all_o except_o walmsley_n fennor_n and_o owen_n in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o richard_n bradshaw_n and_o robert_n burton_n who_o with_o other_o late_o by_o word_n enter_v themselves_o into_o a_o agreement_n one_o with_o another_o to_o rise_v and_o put_v themselves_o into_o arm_n and_o so_o to_o go_v from_o one_o gentleman_n house_n to_o another_o and_o so_o from_o house_n to_o house_n to_o pull_v down_o enclosure_n general_o that_o this_o so_o appear_v by_o their_o own_o confession_n or_o by_o two_o witness_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n be_v high_a treason_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 13_o eliz._n cap._n 1._o the_o word_n of_o which_o statute_n be_v that_o if_o any_o intend_v to_o levy_v war_n against_o the_o queen_n and_o this_o malicious_o advise_o and_o express_o declare_v or_o utter_v by_o any_o word_n or_o say_n that_o this_o shall_v be_v high_a treason_n for_o all_o agree_v that_o rebellion_n of_o subject_n against_o the_o queen_n have_v treason_n rebellion_n of_o subject_n high_a treason_n be_v always_o high_a treason_n at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o e._n 3._o cap._n 1._o be_v that_o levy_v of_o war_n within_o the_o realm_n against_o the_o king_n be_v treason_n and_o rebellion_n be_v all_o the_o war_n which_o a_o subject_a can_v make_v against_o the_o king_n but_o walmsley_n and_o the_o other_o with_o he_o say_v that_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o mar_n cap._n 12._o 10._o that_o if_o any_o to_o the_o number_n of_o twelve_o or_o more_o assemble_v themselves_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o pull_v down_o enclosure_n pale_n and_o the_o like_a with_o force_n and_o continue_v together_o after_o proclamation_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n to_o go_v away_o by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hour_n or_o do_v any_o of_o the_o offence_n mention_v in_o the_o statute_n that_o this_o be_v felony_n so_o that_o if_o these_o action_n have_v be_v treason_n at_o the_o common_a law_n it_o have_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o have_v make_v it_o felony_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o that_o the_o resistance_n ought_v to_o be_v with_o force_n to_o the_o queen_n before_o that_o such_o act_n shall_v be_v say_v treason_n but_o all_o the_o other_o justice_n agree_v and_o so_o it_o be_v put_v in_o ure_n late_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o prentice_n of_o london_n that_o if_o any_o assemble_v themselves_o with_o force_n to_o alter_v the_o law_n or_o to_o set_v a_o price_n upon_o victual_n or_o to_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o the_o magistrate_n as_o upon_o the_o major_a of_o london_n and_o the_o like_a and_o with_o force_n attempt_n to_o put_v it_o in_o action_n that_o this_o be_v rebellion_n and_o treason_n at_o common_a law_n and_o yet_o this_o statute_n of_o 1_o mariae_fw-la make_v it_o in_o such_o a_o case_n but_o felony_n and_o they_o put_v a_o diversity_n between_o the_o case_n of_o pull_v down_o enclosure_n pale_n etc._n etc._n comprise_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o mar._n for_o those_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v where_o diverse_a to_o the_o number_n of_o twelve_o or_o more_o pretend_v any_o or_o all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v injure_v in_o particular_a as_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o common_a or_o other_o interest_n in_o the_o land_n enclose_v and_o the_o like_a and_o assemble_v to_o pull_v it_o down_o forcible_o and_o not_o to_o the_o case_n where_o they_o have_v a_o general_a dislike_n to_o all_o manner_n of_o enclosure_n and_o therefore_o the_o assemble_v in_o a_o forcible_a manner_n and_o with_o arm_n to_o pull_v they_o down_o where_o they_o have_v any_o interest_n whereby_o they_o be_v in_o any_o particular_a to_o be_v annoy_v or_o grieve_v be_v not_o treason_n but_o the_o case_n here_o tend_v to_o a_o generality_n make_v the_o act_n if_o it_o have_v be_v execute_v to_o be_v high_a treason_n by_o the_o câ—uâ—se_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o the_o intention_n appear_v as_o the_o case_n be_v here_o it_o be_v treason_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 13._o aforesaid_a periam_n in_o some_o manner_n doubt_v of_o the_o principal_a case_n but_o to_o intend_v to_o rise_v with_o force_n to_o alter_v the_o law_n to_o set_v price_n upon_o any_o victual_n or_o to_o use_v force_n against_o a_o magistrate_n for_o execute_v his_o office_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o like_a he_o say_v that_o they_o be_v clear_o treason_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 13._o aforesaid_a if_o it_o may_v appear_v by_o express_a word_n or_o otherwise_o as_o the_o say_a statute_n mention_n for_o all_o these_o tend_v against_o the_o queen_n her_o crown_n and_o dignity_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v as_o against_o the_o queen_n herself_o and_o if_o it_o have_v be_v put_v in_o practice_n it_o have_v be_v treason_n at_o the_o common_a law_n here_o end_v the_o lord_n popham_n report_n a_o addition_n of_o certain_a select_a case_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n and_o king_n charles_n trin._n 15._o jac._n in_o the_o king_n bench_n enter_v hill_n jac._n rot._n 194._o brook_n case_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la borough_n by_o one_o brook_n against_o brook_n the_o case_n be_v thus_o john_n wright_n a_o copyholder_n in_o fee_n 10_o eliz._n surrender_v his_o land_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o lord_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o tenant_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n etc._n etc._n without_o say_v to_o who_o use_n the_o surrender_n shall_v be_v and_o at_o the_o next_o court_n the_o say_v john_n wright_n be_v admit_v habendum_fw-la to_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n in_o tail_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o john_n wright_n and_o the_o wife_n of_o john_n wright_n now_o defendant_n be_v seize_v from_o the_o time_n of_o be_v where_o upon_o surrender_n of_o copyhold_n land_n no_o use_n be_v limit_v to_o whole_a use_n iâ—_n shall_v be_v the_o admittance_n until_o this_o day_n and_o it_o be_v object_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o the_o surrender_n be_v void_a because_o no_o use_n be_v limit_v and_o therefore_o by_o constitution_n of_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o surrender_n as_o if_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v and_o no_o use_n limit_v it_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o use_v of_o the_o feoffor_a or_o as_o it_o be_v in_o sir_n edward_n clear_v case_n coke_n lib._n 6._o 18._o if_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v by_o one_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o last_o will_n he_o have_v the_o use_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n 2._o that_o the_o admittance_n be_v not_o available_a to_o pass_v a_o estate_n to_o the_o wife_n for_o she_o be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o premise_n but_o only_o in_o the_o habendum_fw-la and_o the_o office_n of_o a_o habendum_fw-la be_v to_o limit_v the_o estate_n and_o not_o the_o person_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v in_o throgmorten_n and_o tracy_n case_v in_o plough_v come_v that_o if_o one_o be_v name_v to_o take_v a_o estate_n in_o the_o habendum_fw-la where_o he_o be_v not_o name_v at_o all_o in_o the_o premise_n this_o be_v not_o good_a but_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n for_o the_o first_o point_n that_o the_o subsequent_a act_n shâ—ll_v explain_v the_o surrender_n for_o quando_fw-la abest_fw-la provisio_fw-la partis_fw-la adest_fw-la provisio_fw-la legis_fw-la and_o when_o the_o copyholder_n accept_v a_o new_a admittance_n the_o law_n intend_v that_o the_o surrender_v general_o make_v be_v to_o such_o a_o use_n as_o be_v specify_v in_o the_o admittance_n and_o the_o lord_n be_v only_o as_o a_o instrument_n to_o convey_v the_o estate_n and_o as_o it_o be_v put_v in_o trust_n to_o make_v such_o a_o admittance_n â—s_v he_o who_o surrender_n will_v hâ—ve_v he_o to_o make_v and_o crook_n justice_n say_v fides_n adhibita_fw-la fidem_fw-la obligat_fw-la for_o the_o second_o point_n it_o be_v also_o agree_v by_o the_o court_n that_o the_o wife_n shall_v take_v by_o this_o admittance_n albeit_o she_o be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o premise_n but_o only_o in_o the_o habendum_fw-la and_o they_o agree_v that_o in_o feoffment_n and_o grant_n the_o party_n that_o be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o premise_n shall_v not_o take_v by_o the_o habendum_fw-la and_o therefore_o throgmorton_n and_o tracy_n case_n as_o to_o this_o point_n be_v good_a law_n but_o this_o case_n of_o a_o copyhold_n be_v like_a to_o the_o case_n of_o a_o will_n or_o to_o the_o case_n of_o frankmarriage_n in_o which_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o pass_v a_o estate_n albeit_o the_o party_n be_v only_o name_v in_o the_o habendum_fw-la and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o the_o estate_n of_o many_o copyholder_n will_v be_v subvert_v and_o so_o they_o resolve_v that_o judg-should_a be_v
levy_v yet_o the_o use_n shall_v be_v direct_v by_o the_o original_a indenture_n and_o therefore_o 6_o rich._n 2._o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v to_o two_o and_o their_o heir_n and_o afterward_o a_o fine_a be_v levy_v upon_o it_o for_o further_a assurance_n to_o the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o one_o of_o they_o yet_o it_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o use_n of_o both_o for_o it_o shall_v be_v respect_v according_a to_o the_o original_a agreement_n where_o there_o be_v divers_a assurance_n for_o the_o perfect_a of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n 16_o e._n 3._o tit_n age._n a_o daughter_n have_v a_o seignory_n by_o descent_n a_o tenancy_n escheat_n a_o son_n be_v bear_v he_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n see_v sharoes_n case_n in_o 4_o mar._n dyer_n and_o in_o chadleigh_v case_n all_o look_n to_o the_o original_a agreement_n and_o therefore_o variance_n of_o time_n shall_v not_o hinder_v the_o original_a agreement_n as_o 33._o ass_n the_o servant_n intend_v to_o kill_v his_o master_n and_o afterward_o the_o master_n put_v he_o out_o of_o his_o service_n and_o then_o he_o kill_v he_o this_o shall_v be_v petty_a treason_n in_o the_o servant_n 28_o h._n 6._o two_o be_v bind_v in_o a_o bond_n at_o several_a time_n and_o yet_o he_o shall_v declare_v against_o both_o as_o upon_o the_o first_o delivery_n 11_o h._n 7._o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o if_o a_o deed_n be_v deliver_v by_o a_o infant_n and_o afterward_o it_o be_v again_o deliver_v when_o he_o come_v of_o full_a age_n and_o see_v mallory_n case_n finche_n case_n and_o boraston_n case_n nunc_fw-la &_o tunc_fw-la &_o quando_fw-la be_v a_o demonstration_n of_o the_o time_n and_o not_o of_o the_o matter_n and_o so_o they_o conclude_v that_o the_o use_n shall_v rise_v upon_o the_o first_o indenture_n and_o not_o upon_o the_o fine_a or_o replevin_n bring_v but_o doderidge_n and_o haughton_n justice_n contra_fw-la trin._n 17._o jac._n in_o the_o king_n bench._n silvester_n case_n john_n silvester_n promise_v to_o john_n b._n that_o if_o he_o will_v marry_v his_o daughter_n that_o he_o will_v give_v with_o she_o a_o child_n part_n and_o that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n he_o will_v give_v to_o she_o as_o much_o as_o to_o any_o of_o his_o child_n except_v his_o elder_a son_n and_o afterward_o he_o make_v his_o executor_n and_o die_v i._o b._n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o the_o executor_n upon_o this_o promise_n and_o show_v that_o the_o executor_n have_v not_o give_v he_o a_o child_n part_n and_o that_o such_o a_o young_a son_n of_o the_o testator_n have_v a_o 100_o l._n give_v he_o and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o court_n that_o the_o promise_n of_o a_o child_n part_n be_v altogether_o incertain_a but_o be_v so_o much_o as_o any_o of_o his_o child_n have_v and_o then_o show_v that_o the_o young_a son_n have_v a_o 100_o l._n this_o be_v certain_a enough_o and_o thereupon_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o same_o term_n in_o the_o same_o court._n godfrey_n and_o owen_n cornelius_n godfrey_n be_v plaintiff_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o etc._n word_n he_o be_v a_o very_a varlet_n and_o seek_v to_o suppress_v his_o brother_n will_n etc._n etc._n word_n against_o owen_n defendant_n and_o the_o word_n be_v these_o to_o wit_n he_o be_v a_o very_a varlet_n and_o seek_v to_o suppress_v his_o brothers_n will_n he_o make_v show_v of_o religion_n but_o he_o be_v a_o very_a hypocrite_n and_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o a_o merchant_n to_o one_o who_o give_v he_o much_o credit_n in_o his_o trade_n montague_n chief_a justice_n say_v that_o the_o word_n which_o be_v actionable_a in_o such_o a_o case_n ought_v to_o touch_v the_o plaintiff_n in_o his_o profession_n which_o these_o do_v not_o do_v et_fw-la relata_fw-la ad_fw-la personam_fw-la intelligi_fw-la debent_fw-la secundum_fw-la conditionem_fw-la personae_fw-la for_o in_o the_o suppress_n of_o his_o brother_n will_v the_o case_n may_v be_v such_o that_o he_o may_v well_o do_v it_o for_o perhaps_o there_o may_v be_v a_o after_o will_n make_v and_o for_o call_v he_o hypocrite_n lie_v not_o in_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n for_o god_n only_o can_v judge_v of_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n and_o therefore_o these_o word_n do_v not_o touch_v the_o plaintiff_n as_o he_o be_v a_o merchant_n doderidge_n justice_n word_n ought_v to_o tend_v some_o way_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o party_n or_o otherwise_o they_o be_v not_o actionable_a and_o judgement_n be_v give_v quod_fw-la quere_z nil_fw-la capiat_fw-la per_fw-la billam_fw-la mich._n 17._o jac._n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n sis_fw-la john_n bingleys_n case_n in_o sir_n john_n bingleys_n case_n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n montague_n and_o hobart_n and_o agree_v by_o the_o lord_n verulam_n lord_n chancellor_n and_o sir_n edward_n coke_n that_o if_o a_o information_n be_v exhibit_v there_o which_o begin_v with_o divers_a particular_a misdemeanour_n and_o conclude_v in_o the_o general_a that_o 1._o the_o matter_n include_v in_o the_o general_a charge_n ought_v to_o be_v ejusdem_fw-la generis_fw-la 2._o they_o ought_v to_o exceed_v the_o particular_n express_v in_o number_n 3._o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v great_a or_o more_o capital_a whereupon_o montague_n cite_v the_o statute_n which_o speak_v of_o dean_n and_o other_o spiritual_a person_n upon_o which_o it_o have_v be_v resolve_v that_o bishop_n be_v not_o within_o it_o for_o they_o be_v of_o a_o high_a degree_n and_o the_o principal_a reason_n of_o these_o rule_n be_v because_o that_o a_o man_n can_v possible_o make_v a_o defence_n because_o he_o knew_v not_o what_o will_v be_v object_v against_o he_o and_o upon_o this_o sir_n john_n bingley_n be_v discharge_v at_o this_o time_n for_o the_o most_o transcendent_a offence_n that_o be_v object_v against_o he_o to_o wit_n concern_v captain_n baugh_n and_o other_o pirate_n to_o who_o the_o king_n of_o his_o grace_n and_o bounty_n have_v give_v 200_o l._n to_o make_v they_o loyal_a subject_n but_o sir_n john_n bingley_n colore_fw-la officii_fw-la have_v defraud_v they_o of_o almost_o wrong_n a_o officer_n â—_o his_o own_o wrong_n all_o of_o it_o for_o the_o want_n whereof_o some_o of_o they_o die_v miserable_o and_o the_o rest_n become_v pirate_n again_o but_o sir_n john_n bingley_n make_v many_o protestation_n of_o his_o innocence_n in_o this_o mâ—tter_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v also_o that_o one_o may_v be_v a_o officer_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n as_o their_o might_n be_v a_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n and_o this_o be_v sir_n john_n bingleys_n case_n for_o something_o in_o the_o information_n for_o he_o commit_v extortion_n colore_fw-la officii_fw-la the_o same_o term_n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n the_o attorney-general_a put_v in_o a_o information_n against_o divers_a dutch_a merchant_n for_o buy_v and_o transport_v of_o many_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n bullion_n and_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o court_n that_o divers_a statute_n have_v be_v make_v for_o redress_n of_o this_o mischief_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o r._n 2._o the_o offender_n whereof_o aught_o to_o forfeit_n all_o they_o may_v and_o by_o another_o statute_n in_o 17_o e._n 4._o this_o offence_n be_v make_v felony_n to_o continue_v for_o seven_o year_n but_o the_o court_n will_v not_o now_o punish_v they_o upon_o any_o statute_n for_o it_o be_v a_o offence_n at_o common_a law_n to_o carry_v gold_n and_o silver_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n punishable_a at_o common_a law_n law_n and_o therefore_o punishable_a in_o this_o court_n and_o sir_n edward_n coke_n say_v that_o if_o any_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v upon_o a_o penal_a statute_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v within_o two_o or_o three_o year_n at_o least_o after_o the_o offence_n commit_v for_o the_o informer_n have_v but_o a_o year_n to_o sue_v and_o the_o king_n two_o year_n for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o statute_n of_o 37_o e._n 3._o and_o 5_o e._n 6._o prohibit_v the_o buy_n of_o coin_n and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o at_o the_o common_a law_n see_v 21_o e._n 3._o 60._o and_o plough_v 215._o and_o not_o only_o he_o that_o buy_v but_o he_o that_o sell_v also_o offend_v in_o it_o for_o it_o be_v a_o prerogative_n only_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v his_o coin_n and_o none_o can_v put_v a_o value_n upon_o it_o but_o himself_o which_o be_v a_o flower_n of_o his_o crown_n hobart_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n as_o one_o shall_v be_v punish_v for_o engross_a any_o commodity_n a_o fortiori_fw-la one_o shall_v be_v punish_v for_o engross_a and_o buy_v of_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o money_n all_o other_o commodity_n be_v thereby_o ingross_v for_o money_n be_v the_o mistress_n of_o commerce_n pecunia_fw-la