tres plus compleverat annis Nam tribus octensis Regia Sceptra tulit Quindecies Domini centenus fluxerat annus Currebat nonus cum venit atra Dies Septima termensis lux tunc fulgebat Aprilis Cum Clausit summam tanta Corona Diem Nulla Dedere prius tantum tibi saecula Regem Anglia vix similem posteriora Dabunt This Church is famous for the Monuments and Tombs of our Kings Queens Nobility and other eminent Men as Sebert the first Christian King of the Eastâ— Saxons Harold the Bastard Son of Canutus the Dane King of England King Edward the Confessor and his Queen Edith Maud Wife to King Henry the First the Daughter of Malcolm King of Scots Henry the 3. and his Son King Edward the 1. with Eleanor his Wife daughter to Ferdinando the first King of Castile and Leon. King Edward the 3. and Philippa of Henault his Wife King Henry the 5. with Katherine his Wife Daughter to King Charles the 6. of France Anne Wife to King Richard 3. Daughter to Richard Nevil Earl of Warwick King Henry the 7. with his Wife Elizabeth Daughter to King Edward the 4. and his Mother Margaret Countess of Richmond King Edward the sixth that most Religious and truly Vertuous Prince who lyeth under the Brass richly Gilded Altar most curiously wrought with Excellent Workmanship Anne of Cleave the 4 th Wife of King Henry the Eight Queen Mary and the Renowned Queen Elizabeth upon the Remove of whose Body from Richmond where She Dyed to White-Hall by Water these Lines were Written which may for their Elegancy and in Remembrance of that most Illustrious Protestant Queen be inserted The Queen was brought by Water to White-Hall At every stroake the Oars their tears let fall More clung about the Barge Fish under water Wept out their Eyes of Pearl swam blindly after I think the Barge-men might with easier Thighs Have row'd her thither in her Peoples Eyes For howsoe'er thus much my thoughts have scann'd Sh 'ad come by Water had she come by Land Prince Henry eldest Son of King James the First Monarch of Great Britain King James Himself and Queen Ann his Wife and the first Male born of King Charles the First dying an Infant Of Dukes and Earls and Lords Degree Edmund Earl of Lancaster second Son of King Henry the Third and his Lady Aveline de fortibus Countess of Albemarle William and Andomar of Valente of the Family of Lusignian Earls of Pembrooke Alphonsus John and other Children of King Edward the first John of Eltham Earl of Cornwall Son to King Edward the Second Thomas of Woodstock Duke of Glocester the youngest Son of Edward the Third with other of his Children Eleanor Daughter and Heir of Humphry Bâ—hun Earl of Hereford and of Essex Wife to Thomas of Woodstock The young Daughter of Edward the Fourth And King Henry the Seventh Henry a Child of two months old Son of King Henry the Eighth Sâ—phia the Daughter of King James who died as it were in the first Day-dawning of her Age. Philippa Mohun Dutchess of York Robert of Henault in right of his Wife Lord Bourchier Ann the young Daughter and Heir of John Mowbraâ— Duke of Norfolk promised in Marriage unto Richard Duke of York younger Son to King Edward the Fourth Sir Giles Dawbny Lord Chamberlain to King Henry the Seventh and his Wife of the House of the Arundels in Cornwall John Viscount Wells Frances Brandon Dutchess of Suffolk Mary her Daughter Margaret Douglas Countess of Lenex Grandmother to James King of Great Britain with Charles her Son Winefrid Bruges Marchioness of Winchester Ann Stanhope Dutchess of Somerset and Jane her Daughter Ann Cecil Countess of Oxford Daughter to the Lord Burleigh Lord High-Treasurer of England with Mildred Burghley her Mother Elizabeth Berkly Countess of Ormond Frances Sidney Countess of Sussex James Butler Viscount Thurles Son and Heir to the Earl of Ormond Besides these Humphry Lord Bourchier of Cornwall Sir Humphry Bourchier Son and Heir to the Lord Bourchier of Berners both slain at Barnetfield Sir Nicholas Carew Baron Powis Thomas Lord Wentworth Thomas Lord Wharton John Lord Russel Sir Thomas Bromley Lord Chancellor of England Douglas Howard Daughter and Heir General of Henry Viscount Howard of Bindon Wife to Sir Arthur Gorges Elizabeth Daughter and Heir of Edward Earl of Rutland Wife to William Cecil Sir John Puckering Lord-Keeper of the Great Seal of England Frances Howard Countess of Hartford Henry and George Cary the Father and Son Barons of Hunsdon both Lords Chamberlains to Queen Elizabeth The Heart of Ann Sophia the Daughter of Christopher Harley Count Beaumont Ambassador for the King of France in England bestowed within a small Gilt Urn over a Pyramid Sir Charles Blunt Earl of Devonshire Lord-Lieutenant-General of Ireland Geoffrey Chaucer the Prince of English Poets in his time Edmund Spencer an eminent Poet. William Cambden Clarencieux King of Arms. Causabon the Famous French Writer Michael Drayton c. Then there is George Villiers Duke Marquiss and Earl of Buckingham Favourite to King James and King Charles the First Also the Earl of Essex and several others Interr'd there during His present Majesties Absence from His Government There is also Interr'd George Duke of Albemarle Father to his Grace the present Duke whose Funerals were Solemnly performed the Thirtieth of April 1670. The Dutchess of Albemarle was also Interr'd in King Henry the Sevenths Chappel the twenty eighth of February 1669. in Westminster Church There is likewise Interr'd that Celebrated Poet Mr. Abraham Cowley under a Monument of Exquisite Curiosity at the Charges of his Grace the Noble Duke of Buckingham Having done with Westminster-Abby we shall give a Brief account of the other Churches Alphabetically as they were before the Fire And of such as are Re-built which are now far more Durable and Stately than before the Reader may expect an Account hereafter I. St. Albans Church in Woodstreet is of great Antiquity being Dedicated to St. Albans the first Martyr of England Another mark of Antiquity was to be seen in the manner of the turning the Arches in the Windows and heads of the Pillars There were also Roman Bricks found inlay'd here and there among the Stones of the Building it was Anno 1632. being wonderfully decay'd pull'd down in order to be Re-built In it were diverse Monuments which for brevity sake are omitted II. On the North side of the East end of Tower-street is the Parish-Church called All-hallows Barkin a very fair Church standing in a large Church-Yard on the North side whereof was built a fair Chappel by King Richard the first whose heart 't is said was buryed there under the high Altar This Chappel was Augmented by King Edward the first And a fraternity setled there by King Edward the fourth King Richard the third new Built it and founded therein a Colledge of Priests which was suppressed in the Year 1548. in the Second of Edward the sixth and the Ground made
quarter must stay till other Poor be so served and that it comes to their turn again There are other Charities which came in Gifts of ready money and are accordingly truly distributed This Church being decayed began to be Repaired in the year of our Lord 1631. and was fully Repaired and curiously adorn'd Anno 1633. the charge of it amounting to above 2400 l. to make up which many worthy Parishioners did very bountifully contribute XXIX The Parish-Church of St. Edmond King and Martyr commonly called St. Edmond Lombard-street by the South-corner of Birchover-lane is also called St. Edmond Grass-Church because the Grass or Herb Market came down so low In this Church were divers Monuments and several pious Benefactors contributed to the Relief of the Poor of which more in its proper place under the Head of Benefactors This Church was Repaired and Beautified very richly at the charge of the Parishioners Anno 1631 and 1632. It cost 248 l. XXX The Parish-Church of St. Ethelburgh stands near Little St. Helens in Bishopsgate-Ward It was Repaired and Beautified at the charge of the Parishioners Anno 1612. And Anno 1620 the Steeple was Repaired Anno 1630 a Gallery was built in the South Isle at the charge of Owen Santpeere an Inhabitant of that Parish XXXI At the West-end of Jesus Chapel under the Quire of Pauls was the Parish-Church of St. Faith commonly called St. Faith under Pauls which served for the Stationers and others dwelling in Pauls Church-yard Pater-Noster-Row and places adâ—oining The Chapel of Jesus being suppressed in the Reign of Edward VI. The Parishioners of St. Faith's Church were removed into the same as being more large and lightsom Anno 1551. As to the Repairs of this we will only say what was anciently said of it that This Church needs no Repair at all Saint Faith's defended by Saint Paul XXXII In the midst of Fenchurch-street stands the Parish-Church called St. Gabriel Fen-church to which Helming Legget Esq by Licence of Edward III. in the 49 year of his Reign gave one Tenement with a Curtelage thereunto belonging and a Garden with an Entry thereto leading to the Parson and his Successors as a Parsonage-house and the Garden to be a Burying-place for the Parish This Church was inlarged Nine Foot and very richly Beautified at the charge of the Parish Anno 1631 and 1632. which cost them 537 l. 7 s. 10 d. XXXIII The Parish-Church of St. George Botolph-lane in Billinsgate-Ward is small but had divers Monuments It was Repaired and Beautified at the Parish-charge Anno 1627. XXXIV Adjoining to the place where Lollards Tower stood called the Bishops Prison where they committed such as gain-said the Opinions of their Church is the Parish-Church of St. Gregory appointed to the Petty Canons of Pauls This Church was repaired and richly adorned at the cost of the Parishioners Anno 1631 and 1632. which amounted to above 2000 l. XXXV The Parish-Church of St. Hellens in Bishopsgate-Ward was sometimes a Priory of Black Nuns founded in the Reign of Henry III. which was demolished the 30 of Henry VIII The whole Church and the Partition betwixt the Nuns Church and Parish-Church being taken down remaineth to the Parish and is a fair Parish-Church This Church was Repaired and Beautified at the charge of the Parishioners 1631 1632 1633. which amounted to above 1300 l. XXXVI The Parish-Church of St James Dukes-Place in Aldgate-Ward was built in King James's time and consecrated Anno 1622. Sir Peter Proby being Lord Mayor John Hodges Esq and Sir Humphry Hanford Kt. Sheriffs and Aldermen It was built where the Priory as they called it of the Holy Trinity formerly stood the Parishioners obtaining License of King James to build themselves a Parish Church having long been destitute to the building of which many worthy Persons were Benefactors It is a very beautiful and handsome Church and at the time of re-edifying it was called Trinity Christ Church XXXVII The Parish-Church of James Garlick-hithe or Garlick-hive because on the River Thames near this Church Garlick was usually Sold in former Days This was a handsom Church It is Recorded that Richard Rothing one of the Sheriffs of London new built it in anno 1326 and lyes Buryed there c. The North Ile was New Built and the whole Church Repaired at the charge of the Parishioners anno 1624. which amounted to above seven hundred Pound This is in Vintry-Ward XXXVIII The Parish-Church of St. John Baptist called St. John upon Wallbrook because the West end thereof is on the very Bank of Wallbrook by Horse-shooe-bridge in Horse-shooe-bridge-street was some Years before the Fire new built For in the Year 1412 License was granted by the Lord Mayor and Commonalty to the Parson and Parish to enlarge it with a piece of Ground on the North part of the Quire one and twenty Foot in length and seventeen Foot in breadth and three Inches and and on the South side of the Quire one Foot of the common Soyl. The most Memorable Monument there was that of Sir Henry Fitz-Alwin Draper the first Lord Mayor of London in the Tenth of King John anno 1208. who continued by many Elections in the Mayoralty several Years His dwelling House in that Parish was divided into two or three Houses and given to the Drapers for which they pay a quit-rent in his Name yearly for ever So that Mr. Stow's avouching that he was Buried in the Priory of the Holy Trinity within Ald-gate now called Dukes-place is a mistake The Curious in this matter may be satisfied in the Drapers-Hall This Church was Re-edified and Adorned anno 1621. It is in Wallbrook-Ward XXXIX On the East side of Friday-street so called of Fishmongers dwelling there that served Fridays Market is the Parish-Church commonly called St. John Evangelist in Bread-street-Ward It was Repaired and Beautified at the cost of the Parishioners anno 1626. And a new Gallery was Built and Beautified at the proper charge of Thomas Good-year a Citizen and Draper of London that dwelt in the Parish XL. At the North-West Corner of Maiden-lane in Alderâ—gate-Ward is the fair Parish-Church of St. John Zachary Thomas Lichfield founded a Chauntry there in the Fourteenth year of Edward the Second Sir Nicholas Tâ—yford Goldsmith and Lord Mayor with Dame Margery his Wife lye Interr'd there Of whose Goods the Church was made and new Built with a Tomb for them and their posterity Anno 1390. Amongst many other Pious and Worthy Persons and Benefactors to the publick we cannot omit a Monument erected there in Memory of Sir James Pemberton Knight who being Sheriff of this City at the coming in of King James entertained near Forty Earls and Barons when the King was proclaimed Anno 1612. he was Elected Mayor of this Honourable City of London He Erected a Free-School in the Parish of Ecleston in Lancashire sixteen years before his Death and gave Fifty Pound by the Year for the maintaining thereof for ever He gave also five hundred pound
and beautified Anno 1609. In the South Isle there hung a very fair Picture of King James with the Figures of Peace and Plenty on either side of him Peace with her Olive Branch and Plenty with her Sheaf of Wheat in her hands being the Gift of Robert Plonker then Church-Warden LXII The Parish-Church of St. Mary Sommerset at the South-end of St. Mary Mounthaw-lane over against Broken-Wharf is also in Queen-Hith-Ward and a proper Church it was repaired and beautified Anno 1624. LXIII The Parish-Church of St. Mary called Stayning because it standeth at the North-end of Stayning-lane in Aldersgate-Ward was repaired and beautified at the cost of the Parish Anno 1630. LXIV Near Stocks-Market in Walbrook-Ward is the Parish-Church called St. Mary Wooll-Church so called of a Beam placed in the Church-yard which was thereof called Wooll-Church Haw of the weighing of Wooll there used for amongst the Customs of London written in French in the Reign of Edward II. there is to be found a Chapter intituled Les Customes de Wooll-Church Haw Wherein is set down what was there to be paid for every parcel of Wooll weighed This weighing of Wooll was there continued till the 6th of Richard II. till John Churchman built the Custome-House upon Wooll-Key to serve for the said purpose This was and is now a fair and large Church LXV The Parish-Church of St. Mary Wolnoth in Langborn-Ward was a proper handsom Church with some few Monuments in it LXVI In Ironmonger-lane in Cheap-Ward is the Parish-Church of St. Martin formerly called Pomary possibly of Apples growing where now Houses are built It was repaired and beautified at the Parish-charge Anno 1629. LXVII The Parish-Church of St. Martin by Ludgate in Farringdon-Ward-within was a proper Church to which Anno 1437. viz. 15th of H. 6. Sir John Michael Lord Mayor and the Commonalty granted a parcel of Ground containing 28 Foot in length and 24 in breadth to build their Steeple upon LXVIII The Parish-Church of St. Martin Orgar in Candlewick-street-ward is a small Church Sir William Crowmer Lord Mayor built a handsom Chapel on the South-side thereof and was buried there in an ancient Tomb Anno 1533. it was repaired 1630. at the cost of 122 l. 6 s. 6 d. There was a rich and very beautiful Monument in the Chancel of Sir Allen Cotton Knight and Alderman of London and sometimes Lord Mayor who dyed the 24th of December Anno 1628. with a large Inscription concluding with these Verses When he left Earth Rich Bounty Dy'd Mild Courtesie gave place to Pride Soft Mercy to bright Justice said Oh Sister we are both Betray'd While Innocence lay on the Ground By Truth and wept at eithers Wound The Sons of Levi did lament Their Lamps went out their Oyl was spent Heaven hath his Soul and only we Spin out our Lives in misery So Death thou missest of thy End And kill'st him not but kill'st his Friend There was also a delicate Monument of our famous Queen Elizabeth LXIX The Parish-Church of St. Martin Outwich is on the South-part of Threadneedle-street in Broad-street-ward it is so called of Martin de Oteswitch Nicholas de Oteswich William Oteswich and John Oteswich Founders thereof and all buried there as appeared by their ancient Monument There was Interred Richard Staper Elected Alderman of London Anno 1594. the greatest Merchant in his time and the chiefest Actor in the discovery of the Trades of Turkey and the East-India He was prosperous wealthy bountiful and a good man he died Anno 1608. Sir Henry Row gave 5 l. yearly for Ever to the Poor of this Parish to be bestowed in Bread and Coals And Mrs. Sotherton yearly for Ever in Bread 50 s. LXX The Fair Parish-Church called St. Martin Vintrey in Vintrey-Ward was sometimes called St. Martin de Beremand Church It was new built Anno 1399. by the Executors of Matthew Columbars a Stranger born and a French Merchant LXXI The Parish-Church of St. Matthew Friday-street Farringdon-ward-within had divers Monuments in it It was repaired and beautified at the cost of the Parish Anno 1633. AS TO LXXII The Parish-Church of St. Michael called St. Michael at Basing-hall in Basing-hall-ward LXXIII The Parish-Church of St. Michael Cornhil in Cornhil-ward LXXIV St Michaels Crooked-lane in Candleweek-street-ward LXXV St. Mich. Queenhith in Queenhith-ward The are handsom Churches affording no Remarkables but what will fall under other Heads LXXVI St. Michael ad Bladum or at the Corne corruptly called St. Michael Querne is in Farringdon-ward-within and was a fair Church with divers Monuments in it amongst the rest one for John Leland the famous Antiquary and others as John Banks Esq Mercer who by his last Will written with his own hand gave to pious and charitable Uses 6000 l. which his Executor Robert Tichburn carefully discharged LXXVII St. Michael Royal in Vintrey-ward is a fair Parish-Church It was new built and made a Colledge by Sir Richard Whittington Mercer and four times Lord Mayor for a Master four Fellows Masters of Art Clerks Conducts Chorists c. There was also an Alms-house for thirteen poor men The College was suppressed in the time of Edward the Sixth the Alms-houses with the poor men do remain and are paid by the Mercers This Church was beautified at the proper cost of the Parish Anno 1630. at the charge of 130 l. 9 s. LXXVIII The Parish-Church of St. Michael in Wood-street in Cripplegate-ward was a proper Church in which were divers Monuments Here was Interred the Head of James the Fourth King of Scots of that name slain at Flodden-field Here was also a Monument of Queen Elizabeth LXXIX The Parish-Church called St. Mildred Bread-street in Bread-street-ward had divers Monuments amongst the rest one for Sir John Chadworth or Shadworth Kt. some time Mercer and Lord Mayor of London who gave a Vestry to this Church an House for the Pastor to dwell in and a Church-yard to the Parishioners wherein to bury their dead He deceased the 7th of May An. 1401. In Memorial of whom there was a fair Inscription on the Wall in these words Here lies a Man that Faith and Works did even Like Fiery Chariots mount him up to Heaven He did adorn this Church When words were weak And men forget the living stones will speak He left us Land This little Earth him keeps These black words Mourners and the Marble weeps At the upper end of the Chancel was a fair Window full of cost and beauty which being divided into five parts carried in the first of them a very artful and curious Representation of the Spaniards great Armado and the Battel in 1588. In the 2d the Monument of Queen Elizabeth In the 3d of the Gun-powder Plot. In the 4th of the lamentable time of Infection 1625. In the 5th the view and lively portraicture of that worthy Gentleman Captain Nicholas Crisp at whose sole cost among other this beautiful piece of Work was erected as also the Figures of his virtuous Wife
West yea a considerable share of the richest Merchandizes of the World c. so that this Famous River may be said to be as it were the Radical Moysture of London and its best Friend which was hinted by the Lord Mayor to King James for the King being displeased because the City would not lend Him a Sum of Money told the Mayor and Aldermen that he would Remove His Court with all the Records of the Tower and the Courts of Westminster-Hall to another place with further expressions of that kind The Lord Mayor calmly heard all and at last Answered Your Majesty hath Power to do what You Please and Your City of London will obey accordingly but She humbly Desires that when Your Majesty shall remove Your Courts You would please to leave the Thames behind You. Besides the inestimable Benefit that this Noble River brings to the City and the Adjacent places by the easie conveyance of all Sorts of Goods and Merchandizes almost all the Fuel for Firing being also brought by it from Newcastle Scotland Kent Essex c. It supplies the City in very many places with excellent wholsom Water convey'd into all the Adjacent Houses by Water Engines of great cost and Artifice So much for the Thames The City of London is supply'd with pure Spring-Water from above Twenty Conduits so Commodiously placed that they serve all the Chiefest parts of the City And in all parts though on the highest Ground It is abundantly Served with Pump Water and those Pumps in many places hardly Six Foot deep in the Ground Of the New-River This Famous and never-to-be-forgotten Work brought by the Liberal Charge and Exquisite Skill of one Worthy Man Sir Hugh Middleton Knight and Baronet Citizen and Goldsmith of London deserves an everlasting Memorial Several Wells and Springs of sweet and fresh Water with which the City was served being Decayed sundry Projects were on Foot to supply that want but this Principal Device was found out by the aforesaid Gentleman and the Difficulties and vast Expence made it for some time to be retarded but Courage and a Resolution to promote the Publick Good prompted him on to the Atchievment which since hath proved happily Commodious and of infinite Utility to the whole City so that the brave Adventurer deserves a Statue to Eternize his Name and Transmit his Memory to keep it Fresh like his Waters to future Ages Now as Mr. Stow speaks very ingeniously if those Enemies to all Good Actions Danger Difficulty Detraction Contempt Scorn and Envy could have prevailed by their Malevolent Interposition either before at the beginning and in the very Birth of the Attempt and a good while after this work had never been accomplished Queen Elizabeth granted Power to the Citizens by Act of Parliament for Cutting and Conveying of a River from any part of Middlesex or Hartfordshire to the City of London with a Limitation of ten Years time for the performance thereof But She dyed before it was undertaken King James Granted the like but without limitation of time And when others would not undertake it Sir Hugh Middleton did with infinite Pains and vast Charge both begin and finish it He brought it from Amuel and Chadwel two Springs near Ware in Hartfordshire from whence in a turning and winding Course it Runs threescore Miles before it reaches the City At the North-side of the City at Islington he built a large Cistern to receive it and from thence it is dispersed in Pipes serving the highest parts of London in their lower Rooms and the Lower parts in their higher Rooms It was begun the 28 th of February Anno Dom. 1608 and finished in five Years It can hardly be imagined what difficulties and rubs there were in the way through which the Water was to pass some being Ozie Soft and Muddy other again as Hard Craggy and Stâ—ny in some places the Channel is Thirty Foot deep in other places it is carried over Valleys in open Troughs betwixt Hills which Troughs are supported by Wooden Arches some of them fixt in the Earth very deep and rising in Height above 23 Foot Over this New-River are made 800 Bridgs some of Stone some of Brick and some of Wood and six hundred Men have been at once imployed in this Great Work The River being brought to the said Great Cistern the Water was not let in till Michaelmas Day Anno 1613. Sir John Swinnerton then Lord Mayor and Sir Thomas Middleton Brother to the said Sir Hugh being Elected Lord Mayor for the Ensuing Year In the Afternoon Sir John Swinnerton and Sir Thomas Middleton with Sir Henry Mountague the Recorder of London and many of the Worthy Aldermen Rode in a Solemn manner to see the Great Cistern and first Issuing of the strange River thereunto which was then made Free Denizen of London and the Solemnity was thus A Troop of Labourers of the Number of Sixty or more well Apparrelled and wearing Green Monmoth Caps after the Brittish manner all alike carried Spades Shovels Pickaxes and such like Instruments of Laborious Employment and marching after Drums twice or thrice about the Cistern presented themselves before the Mount where the Lord Mayor and the Aldermen were with a Worthy Company besides and one Man in the behalf of the rest delivered a handsom Speech in Verse at the Conclusion of which the Flood-Gates flew open and the Stream ran Cheerfully into the Cistern the Drums Beating and Trumpets Sounding in Triumphant manner and a Gallant Peal of Chambers gave a Period to the Entertainment Upon which brave Man these Lines were made Ad Hugonem Middleton Equitem Aurat um De stupenda hac aquarum opera Compita qui fluvium per Londinensia Duxti Vt jam quisque suis vicus abundet aquis Non Aganippe tuas satis est depromere laudes Haec scaturigo novae quam tibi fundit aquae Before we leave this Head although it is noâ— necessary to give a particular Account of every Conduit whereof there are many in and about the City as was said and one now a Rearing in the place of the Old Conduit at the West end of Cheapâ— side which is intended to be a Stately one and beseeming the Magnificence of the City and that Gallant Street where it is to be Erected c. Yeâ— that neatly-wrought Conduit in Stocks-Market aâ— the West end of Lumbard-street is not to be omitted whereupon is placed a very Magnificent Statue of KING CHARLES the II. on Horseback Trampling upon an Enemy all in Excellent White-Marble at the Sole Cost and Charges of Sir Robert Viner who was Lord Mayor of London in the Year 1675. There is likewise a very Magnificent Statue of King CHARLES the I. on Horse-back all ofâ— Solid Brass at Charing-Cross the Figures of both which are here Exhibited THE K. AT THE STOCKs MARKET THE K. AT CHARING CROSs CHAP. IV. Of the Government of London IN this Chapter we shall briefly Treat of the Government of this Renowned City
John Wade John Warner King Henry the IV. began His Reign the 29. of September 1399. 1399 1 Sir Thomas Knolls William Waldren William Hende 1400 2 Sir John Francis John Wakel William Ebot 1401 3 Sir John Shadworth William Venor John Fremingham 1402 4 John Walcot Richard Marlow Robert Chichely 1403 5 Sir William Ascham Thomas Falconer Thomas Pool 1404 6 John Hinde William Louth Stephen Spilman 1405 7 Sir John Woodcock Henry Barton William Cromer 1406 8 Sir Ric. Whittington Nicholas Watton Geoffry Brooke 1407 9 Sir William Stondon Henry Pontfract Henry Halton 1408 10 Sir Drew Barentine Thomas Buck. William Norton 1409 11 Richard Marlow John Law William Chicheley 1410 12 Sir Thomas Knolls John Penne. Thomas Pike 1411 13 Sir Robert Chicheley John Rainwell William Cotton 1412 14 William Waldren Ralph Lovenham William Sevenoke King Henry the Fifth began his Reign the 20th of March 1412. 1413 1 Sir William Cromar John Sutton John Michael 1414 2 Sir Thomas Falconer John Michael Thomas Allen. 1415 3 Sir Nicholas Wotton William Cambridge Alan Everard 1416 4 Sir Henry Barton Richard Whittington John Coventry 1417 5 Richard Marlow Henry Read John Gedney 1418 6 William Sevenoke Jo. Bryan Jo. Barton John Parvess 1419 7 Sir Rich. Whittington Robert Whittington John Butler 1420 8 William Cambridge John Butler John Well 1421 9 Sir Robert Chicheley Richard Gosseline William Meston King Henry the Sixth began his Reign the 31th of August 1422. A.D.A.R. Lord MAYORS SHERIFFS 1422 1 Sir William Waldren William Eastfield Robert Tatarsal 1423 2 William Cromar Nicholas James Thomas Watford 1424 3 John Michael Simon Seaman John Bywater 1425 4 John Coventry William Milled John Brokle 1426 5 Sir John Rainwell John Arnal John Higham 1427 6 Sir John Gedney Henry Frowick Robert Otely 1428 7 Sir Henry Barton Thomas Duffhouse John Abbot 1429 8 Sir William Eastfield William Russe Ralph Holland 1430 9 Nicholas Wotton Walter Cherssey Robert Large 1431 10 Sir John de Welles John Aderley Stephen Brown 1432 11 Sir John Parveis John Olney John Paddeslye 1433 12 Sir John Brokle Thomas Chalton John King 1434 13 Sir Roger Oteley Thomas Barnewell Simon Eyre 1435 14 Sir Henry Frowick Thomas Catworth Robert Clopton 1436 15 Sir John Michael Thomas Moriseed William Gregory 1437 16 Sir William Eastfield William Hales William Chapman 1438 17 Sir Stephen Brown Hugh Dyker Nicholas Towe 1439 18 Robert Large Philip Malphas Robert Marshal 1440 19 Sir John Paddesley John Sutton William Wilinhale 1441 20 Robert Clopton William Combis Richard Rich. 1442 21 John Aderley Thomas Beaumont Richard Nordon 1443 22 Thomas Catworth Nicholas Wyford John Norman 1444 23 Sir Henry Frowick Stephen Foster Hugh Witch 1445 24 Sir Simon Eyre John Darby Godfrey Fielding 1446 25 John Olney Robert Horne Godfrey Bullen 1447 26 Sir John Gedney William Abraham Thomas Scot. 1448 27 Sir Stephen Brown William Cotlow William Narrow 1449 28 Sir Thomas Chalton William Hulin Thomas Canning 1450 29 Nicholas Wilford John Middleton William Dear 1451 30 Sir William Gregory Matthew Philip Christopher Wharton 1452 31 Sir Geoffry Fielding Richard Lee Richard Alley 1453 32 Sir John Norman John Walden Thomas Cook 1454 33 Sir Stephen Foster John Field William Taylor 1455 34 Sir William Marrow John Young Thomas Oâ—dgnavâ— 1456 35 Sir Thomas Canning John Styward Ralph Verney 1457 36 Sir Godfrey Bullen William Edward Thomas Reynor 1458 37 Sir Thomas Scot. Ralph Joceline Richard Medham 1459 38 Sir William Hulin John Plummer John Stocker 1460 39 Sir Richard Lee. Richard Flemming John Lambert Edward the Fourth began his Reign the 4th of March 1460. 1461 1 Sir Hugh Witch George Ireland John Lock 1462 2 Sir Thomas Cook William Hampton Bartholomew James 1463 3 Sir Matthew Philip. Robert Basset Thomas Muschamp 1464 4 Sir Ralph Joceline John Tate John Stones 1465 5 Sir Ralph Verney Henry weaver William Constantine 1466 6 Sir John Young Jo. Brown Hen. Brice John Darby 1467 7 Sir Thomas Oldgrave Thomas Stalbrook Humphrey Heyford 1468 8 Sir William Taylor Simon Smith William Herriot 1469 9 Sir Richard a Lee. Richard Gardner Robert Drope 1470 10 Sir John Stackton John Crosby John Ward 1471 11 Sir William Edwards John Allen. John Shelley 1472 12 Sir Will. Hampton John Brown Thomas Bledlow 1473 13 Sir John Tate Sir William Stocker Robert Belisdon 1474 14 Sir Robert Drope Edmund Shaa Thomas Hill 1475 15 Sir Robert Basse Hugh Brice Robert Colwich 1476 16 Sir Ralph Joceline Richard Rawson William Horn. 1477 17 Sir Humph. Heyford Henry Collet John Stocker 1478 18 Sir Richard Gardner Robert Harding Robert Bifield 1479 19 Sir Bartholom James Thomas Ilam John Ward 1480 20 Sir John Brown Thomas Daniel William Bacon 1481 21 Sir William Herrot Robert Tate Richard Charey Will. Wiking 1482 22 Sir Edmund Shaa William White John Matthew Edward the Fifth began his Reign the 9th of April 1483. Richard the Third began his Reign the 22d of June 1483. 1483 1 Sir Robert Billesdon Thomas Newland William Martin 1484 2 Sir Thomas Hill Richard Chester Tho. Brittain Ralph Astry King Henry the Seventh began his Reign the 22d of August 1485. A.D.A.R. Lord MAYORS SHERIFFS 1485 1 Sir Hugh Brice John Tate John Swan 1486 2 Sir Henry Collet John Percival Hugh Clopton 1487 3 Sir William Horne John Fenket William Remington 1488 4 Sir Robert Tate William Isaac Ralph Tilney 1489 5 Sir William White William Capel John Brook 1490 6 John Matthew Henry Cote or Coote R. Revell Hugh Pemberton 1491 7 Sir Hugh Clopton Tho. Wood. William Brown 1492 8 Sir William Martin William Purchase William Walbeck 1493 9 Sir Ralph Austry Robert Fabian John Winger 1494 10 Sir Richard Chawril Nicholas Alwin John Warner 1495 11 Sir Henry Collet Thomas Kneesworth Henry Sommer 1496 12 Sir John Tate John Shaa Richard Hedon 1497 13 Sir William Purchase Barth Rede Thomas Windew or Windout 1498 14 Sir John Percival Thomas Bradbury Stephen Gennings 1499 15 Sir Nicholas Aldwine James Wilford Tho. or Rich. Brond 1500 16 William Remington John Haws William Steed 1501 17 Sir John Shaa Lawrence Aylmer Henry Hede. 1502 18 Sir Bartholomew Rede Henry Keble Nicholas Nives 1503 19 Sir William Capel Christopher Haws Robert Wats 1504 20 Sir John Winger Roger Acheley William Browne 1505 21 Sir Tho. Kneisworth Richard Shoare Roger Grove 1506 22 Sir Richard Haddon William Coppinger T. Johnson Will. Fitz-Williams 1507 23 Sir William Brown W. Butler John Kerby 1508 24 Sir Stephen Jennings Thomas Exmuel Richard Smith Henry the VIII began His Reign the 22d of April 1509. 1509 1 Tho. Bradbury Sir William Capel George Monox John Doget 1510 2 Sir Henry Kebble John Milborne John Rest 1511 3 Sir Roger Acheley Nicholas Shelton Thomas Merfine 1512 4 Sir Will. Coppinger Sir Rich. Haddon Robert Holdernes Robert Fenrother 1513 5 Sir William Brown Joh. Daws Jo. Bruges Roger Bosford 1514 6 Sir George Monox James Yarford John Mundy 1515 7 Sir William Butler Henry Warley Ri. Gray Will. Bayly 1516 8
Sir John Rest Thomas Seymour John or Ri. Thurstone 1517 9 Sir Thomas Exmewe Thomas Baldrie Ralph or Ri. Symons 1518 10 Sir Thomas Merfine John Allen. James Spencer 1519 11 Sir James Yarford John Wilkinson Nicholas Patrich 1520 12 Sir John Burgh John Skevington John Kyme ali Keble 1521 13 Sir John Milbourn J. Breton or Brittain Thomas Pargiter 1522 14 Sir John Mundy John Rudston John Champnies 1523 15 Sir Thomas Baldrie Michael English Nicholas Jennings 1524 16 Sir William Bayly Ralph Dodmere William Roche 1525 17 Sir John Allen. J. Caunton or Calton Christopher Askew 1526 18 Sir Thomas Seymour Stephen Peacock Nicholas Lambert 1527 19 Sir James Spencer John Hardy William Hollys 1528 20 Sir John Rudstone Ralph Warren John Long. 1529 21 Sir Ralph Dodmere Michael Dormer Walter Champion 1530 22 Sir Thomas Pargiter W. Dawsey or Dancy Richard Champion 1531 23 Sir Nicholas Lambert Richard Gresham Edward Altham 1532 24 Sir Stephen Peacock R. Reynolds J. Martin N. Pincâ—on J. Priest 1533 25 Sir Christoph Askew William Foreman Thomas Kitson A.D.A.R. Lord MAYORS SHERIFFS 1534 26 Sir John Champneis Nicholas Levison William Derham 1535 27 Sir John Allen. Humphr Monmouth John Cotes 1536 28 Sir Ralph Warren Robert or Rich. Paget William Bowyer 1537 29 Sir Richard Gresham John Gresham Thomas Lewin 1538 30 Sir Will. Foreman Will. Wilkinson Nicholas Gibson 1539 31 Sir William Hollys Thomas Ferrer Thomas Huntlow 1540 32 Sir William Roch. William Laxton Martin Bows 1541 33 Sir Michael Dormer Rowland Hill Henry Suckley 1542 34 Sir John Cotes Henry Hobblethorn Henry Amcoats 1543 35 Sir William Bowyer John Tholouse Richard Dobbes 1544 36 Sir William Laxton John Wilford Andrew Judâ— 1545 37 Sir Martin Bows George Barne Ralph Allen or Alley 1546 38 Sir Hen. Hobblethorn Richard Jarveis Thomas Curteis King Edward the VI. began His Reign the 28th of January 1546. 1547 1 Sir John Gresham Thomas White Robert Chertsey 1548 2 Sir Henry Amcoats William Lock Sir John Ayleph 1549 3 Sir Rowland Hill John York Richard Turk 1550 4 Sir Andrew Jud. Augustine Hind John Lion 1551 5 Sir Richard Dobbs John Lambert John Cowper 1552 6 Sir George Barne Wi. Garret or Gerard. John Maynard Queen Mary began Her Reign July the 6th 1553. 1553 1 Sir Thomas White Thomas Offley William Hewet 1554 2 Sir John Lion David Woodroffe William Chester 1555 3 Sir William Garret or Gerard. Tho. Lee or Leigh John Machel 1556 4 Sir Thomas Offley William Harper John White 1557 5 Sir Thomas Curteis Richard Mallory James Altham 1558 6 Sir Tho. Lee or Leigh John Halsey Richard Champion Queen Elizabeth began Her Reign the 17th of November 1558. 1559 1 Sir William Hewel Thomas Lodge Roger Martin 1560 2 Sir William Chester Christopher Draper Thomas Roe 1561 3 Sir William Harper Alexand. Avenon Humphry Baskervile 1562 4 Sir Thomas Lodge William Allen. Rich. Chamberlain 1563 5 Sir John White Edward Banks Rowland Heyward 1564 6 Sir Richard Mallory Edward Jackman Lionel Ducket 1565 7 Sir Rich. Champion John Rivers James Hawes 1566 8 Sir Christoph Draper Richard Lambert Ambrose Nicholas Jo-Langley 1567 9 Sir Roger Martin Tho. Ramsey John Bond. 1568 10 Sir Thomas Roe Jo. Oliph Ro. Harding James Bacon 1569 11 Sir Alexand. Avenan Henry Beecher William Dane 1570 12 Sir Rowland Heyward Francis Barneham William Box. 1571 13 Sir William Allen. Henry Mills John Branch 1572 14 Sir Lionel Duckes Richard Pipe Nicholas Woodroffe 1573 15 Sir John Rivers James Harvey T. Pulloccel of Pullison 1574 16 Sir James Haws Thomas Blanke Anthony Gamage 1575 17 Sir Ambrose Nicholas Edward Osborne Wolstane Dixie 1576 18 Sir John Langley William Kempton George Barne 1577 19 Sir Tho. Ramsey Nicholas Blackhouse Francis Bowyer 1578 20 Sir Richard Pipe George Bond. Thomas Starkie 1579 21 Sir Nich. Woodroffe Martin Calthrop John Hart. 1580 22 Sir John Branch Ralph Woodcock John Allot 1581 23 Sir James Harvey Richard Martin William Webb 1582 24 Sir Thomas Blanke Will. Roe Jo. Haydon Cuthbert Buckle 1583 25 Sir Edward Osborne William Mashaw John Spencer 1584 26 Sir Thomas Pulloccell Stephen Slaney Henry Billingsley 1585 27 Sir Wolstane Dixie Anthony Ratcliff Henry Pranel 1586 28 Sir George Barne George House William Elkin 1587 29 Sir George Bond. Thomas Skinner John Catcher 1588 30 Sir Martin Calthrop Sir Richard Martin Hugh Offley Richard Saltonstall 1589 31 Sir John Hart. Richard Gurney Stephen Some 1590 32 Sir John Allot Sir Howland Heyward Nicholas Mosely Robert Brook 1591 33 Sir William Webb Will. Rider Bennet or Benedict Barnham 1592 34 Sir William Roe Jo. Garret or Gerard. Robert Taylor 1593 35 Sir Cuthbert Buckle Sir Richard Martin Paul Banning Peter Haughton 1594 36 Sir John Spencer Robert Lee. Thomas Bennet 1595 37 Sir Stephen Slaney Thomas Roe Leonard Hallyday 1596 38 Sir Thomas Skinner Sir Henry Billingsley John Walls Richard Goddard 1597 39 Sir Rioh Saltonstal Henry Roe John More 1598 40 Sir Stephen Some Edward Holmdon Robert Hampson 1599 41 Sir Nicholas Mosely Humphrey Walde Roger Clark 1600 42 Sir William Rider Th. Smith Th. Cambel William Craven 1601 43 Sir John Garret or Gerrard Henry Anderson William Glover 1602 44 Sir Robert Lee. James Pemberton John Swinnerton King James began His Reign the Twenty Fourth of March 1602. 1603 1 Sir Thomas Bennet Sir William Rumney Sir Tho. Middleton 1604 2 Sir Thomas Low Sir Tho. Hayes Sir Roger Jones 1605 3 Sir Leonard Holyday Sir Clem. Scudamore Sir John Jâ—lles 1606 4 Sir John Wats William Walthal John Leman 1607 5 Sir Henry Row Geoffry Elves Nicholas Style 1608 6 Sir Humphrey Weld George Bolls Richard Farrington 1609 7 Sir Thomas Cambel Sebastian Harvey William Cockaine 1610 8 Sir William Craven Richard Pyal Francis Jones 1611 9 Sir James Pemberton Edward Barkham John Smiths 1612 10 Sir John Swinnerton Edward Rotheram Alexander Prescot 1613 11 Sir Tho. Middleton Thomas Bennet Henry Jay 1614 12 Sir Thomas Hayes Peter Proby Martin Lumley 1615 13 Sir John Jolles William Goare John Goare 1616 14 Sir John Leman Allen Cotton Cuthbert Hacket 1617 15 Sir George Bolles William Holyday Robert Johnson 1618 16 Sir Sebastian Harvey Richard Hearn Hugh Hammersley 1619 17 Sir William Cockain Richard Dean James Cambel 1620 18 Sir Francis Jones Edward Allen. Robert Ducie 1621 19 Sir Edw. Barkham George Whitmore Nicholas Raynton 1622 20 Sir Peter Proby John Hodges Sir Hump. Hantford 1623 21 Sir Martin Lumley Ralph Freeman Thomas Mounson 1624 22 Sir John Goare Rowland Heilin Robert Parkhurst King CHARLES the I. began His Reign the Twenty Seventh of March in the Year 1625. 1625 1 Sir Allen Cotten Thomas Westraw Elias Crisp died Jo. Pool Chr. Cletherow after 1626 2 Sir Cuthbert Hacket Edward Bromfield Richard Fen. 1627 3 Sir Hugh Hamersly Maurice Abbot Henry Garraway 1628 4 Sir Richard Dean Rowland Backhouse Sir William Acton Knight and Bar. 1629 5 Sir James Cambel Humphry Smith Edmund Wright 1630 6 Sir Robert Ducie Bar. Arthur Abdy Robert Cambel 1631 7 Sir
Mr. Sutton to affect that House as the only Place whereon to build the Foundation of his Religious Purpose For among other his Christian Determinations he had formerly intended to build an House at Hallingbury-Bouchers in Essex to be an Hospital for such Poor Men and Children as he himself in his life time or future Governors for the same to be Deputed should think fit to be Lodged and Relived there Also for a School-Master and Vsher to Teach Children to Read and Write and instruct them in the Latin and Greek Grammar with a Learned Divine likewise to Preach the Word of God to them all And a Master beside to Govern all those People belonging to that House But finding this Goodly Mansion of the Charter-House to be much more convenient for the purpose he became an earnest Suitor to the Earl of Suffolk to purchase that House of him acquainting his Honour with the alteration of his mind concerning Hallingbury and his earnest Desire to make the Charter-House the Hospital The Earl being Honorably inclin'd to so Godly a motion the Price being concluded on the Bargain and Sale was assured The Sum disburs'd for this purpose amounted to 13000 l. which was Paid down in hand before the unsealing of the Conveyance Then he became Suitor again to his Majesty to perform all that at the Chartor-House which he had formerly intended at Hallingbury Whereto the King readily yielded being Graciously affected to so Charitable a Work and Granted His Letters Patents to the same effect This Gentleman lived always a Batchelor and by sundry Employments and Parsimony grew to great Wealth which he well Employed to his immortal honnour He endowed 〈◊〉 Hospital with above 3000 l. a Year in Land viz. All and singular the Mannors Lordships Messuages Lands Tonements Reversions Services Meadows Pastures Woods Advowsons Patronages of Churches and Hereditaments of the said Thomas Sutton whatsoever Situate lying and being within the County of Essex Lincoln Wilts Cambridg and Middlesex or in any of them with all and every of their Rights Members and Appurtenances whatsoever Except all his Mannors and Lordships of Littlebury and Haddestock with their Appurtenaâ—ces in the County of Essex In this Hospital he placed Fourscore Poor Men with convenient Lodging Dyet and Allowance of Money for Apparel also Forty Poor Children with the like Provision and a Grammar School with a Master and an Vsher to Teach them over all whom he ordained a Learned Man to be Master of the Houshold to be chosen by the Governors whom he appointed for the present by the Authority of the Kings Letters Patents to be George Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Lord Elsemore Lord Chancellor Robert Earl of Salisbury Lord Treasurer John Bishop of London Lancelot Bishop of Ely Sir Edward Cook Chief Justice of the Common Pleas Sir Thomas Foster a Judg of the Common-Pleas Sir Henry Hubbard the Kings Attorney-General Doctor Overal Dean of Pauls Doctor Mountain Dean of Westminster Henry Thursby Esq Master of the Chancery Richard Sutton Esq Auditor of the Impress Geoffery Nightingale Esquire John Low Gentleman Thomas Brown Gentleman and Master of the Houshold for the time being to be always one and as any of those Sixteen Governors should die the Survivors to make present Additions of others Towards the building of this Hospital Chappel and School-House he gave 5000 l. but he lived not to see it performed but what Death bereft him of he left to the performance of his Faithful Executors Mr. Richard Sutton and Mr. John Low Men of Religious and upright Souls who carefully accomplished the Work so that the Monday after Michâ—â—â—mas day being the 3 d of October Anno Dom. 1614. The Captains Gentlemen and Officers entered into their Famous prepared Hospital to the Glory of God Honour of the King's Majesty Credit of the Governors and Joy of Honest minds and the Eternal Fame of the Noble Founder who is laid in a goodly Tomb in the Chappel of his own Hospital With this Inscription Sacred to the Glory of God in Grateful Memory of Thomas Sutton Esquire Here lieth buried the Body of Thomas Sutton late of Castel Camps in the County of Cambridge Esq at whose only Costs and Charges this Hospital was Founded and Endued with large Possessions for the Relief of Poor Men and Children He was a Gentleman born at Knayth in the County of Lincoln of Worthy and Honest Parentage He lived to the Age of 79 Years and Deceased the 12th Day of December Anno Domini 1611. Though we Design to avoid all Prolixity yet 't is hoped it will be Pardoned if we Transcribe an Epitaph made upon this Worthy Man by a Friend to Piety and Goodness for he being a Rare Example challenges as his due Merit a more than ordinary mention When bad Men die the Memory Remains Of their Corruptions and ungodly ways As Merit to their mis-applyed pains Out of ill actions forming as ill praise For Vertue wounded by their deep disgrace Leaves Fame to their posterity and Race When Good Men die the Memory remains Of their true Vertue and most Christian ways As a due Guerdon to their Godly gains Out of good Actions forming as good praise For Vertue cherish'd by their Deeds of Grace Leaves Fame to their Posterity and Race Among these Good if Goodness may be said To be among the seed of Mortal Men In upright Ballance of true Merit weigh'd Needs must we reckon Famous SUTTON then In whom as in a Mirror doth appear That Faith with Works in him did shine most clear And let us not as is a common use Measure him by a many other more In Death to cover their bad lifes abuse To lanch out then some bounty of their store No SUTTON was none such his Hospital And much more else beside speaks him to all For as God blest him with abundant Wealth Like to a careful Steward he emplo'd it And order'd all things in his best of health As glad to leave it as when he enjoy'd it And being prepared every hour to die Disposed all his Gifts most Christianâ—y In Abrahams bosome sleeps he with the blest His Works they follow him his worth survives Good Angels guide him to eternal rest Where is no Date of time for Years or Lives You that are Rich do you as he hath done And so assure the Crown that he hath woâ—â— To conclude in a word this Famous Hospital with the value of the Lands laid into it the Purchase of the House Stock laid in which he hath given into the Treasury or Store of the said Hospital to begin with and to defend the Rights of the House being 1000 l. and Allowance towards the Building also the Remainder of his Goods unbequeathed his large Gifts and Legacies to divers Honorable and Worthy Friends besides great store of far more inferior account which would puzle me to number and the residue of 20000 l. left to the discretion of his Executors may truly and deservedly be said to be
in the Chapter of Government that Treats of Courts And as for the Publick-Halls of Companies the Reader is also Referred to the Third Section of the 5 th Chap. that Treats of the Respective Corporations SECT 6. Of Colleges and Inns of Courts THis RENOWNED CITY may not unfitly be stiled an Vniversity for all Liberal Arts and Sciences are here Taught and Profest Here is Divinity Law and Physick Read the Municipal or Common-Laws of the Nation Taught and Degrees taken therein which can be said in no other Nation Here a man may Learn all â—orts of Languages all the Branches and Parts of the Mathematicks and the Military Art whatsoever is necessary to make an ingenious Nobleman or Gentleman throughly accomplished in Geography Cosmography Chronology History Hydrography Navigation Arithmetick of all sorts Vulgar Instrumental Decimal Algebraical or Geometry Astronomy WHITE HALL THE TEMPLE PHISITIANS COLLEDGE LORD SHAFTSBVRY HOVSE Fortification Gunnery Gaging c. Brachygraphy or Short-hand the Arts of Riding Fencing Dancing all sorts of Musick Vocal and Instrumental Fire-works of all kinds Limning Painting Enamelling Sculpture or Ingraving Heraldry Architecture Grammar Rhetorick Poetry and indeed any thing that may be nam'd of European Art whether Liberal or Mechanick may be here Learnt with most exquisite Curiosity But that which is to be most commended as the chief Blessing is that this Famous City excells all other in this World for number of Pious and Godly Protestant Christians of Reverend Godly and Learned Divines and Ministers who Preach the Gospel in order to its propagation in the Power and Truth thereof Men eminent for ability in all sorts of Learning and for Piety and Holiness in their Lives and Conversations such Examples as very well second their Preaching Which is spoke not to boast of any humane perfection as meritorious nor to magnifie any without cause nor including universals because some that take that Sacred Function upon them prove otherwise but is represented as a motive to provoke the Inhabitants to thankfulness for so great a Mercy and to make a seasonable and profitable Improvement of the Blessing lest their Candle be removed In a few words it may be said of this City in allusion to what is spoken Rev. 22. 11. He which is filthy let him be filthy still and he that is holy let him be holy still That whosoever has a mind to Associate himself with sincere pious Christians may have the opportunity to do so as much as can be desired and such as are driven by the impetuosity of irregular and too much prevailing evils may find which ought to be lamented and if it may be restrain'd Companions in all sorts of wickedness which is not mentioned by way of disparagement to any individual much less to the City which is certainly better Govern'd than any in the World and more free from those vile Debaucheries so extraordinarily frequent in other great Cities but as a check to those licentious persons that when they would act the parts of ill persons Resort to the Suburbs without the Jurisdiction of the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor It is indeed admirable to see what Order is kept and with that Harmony so that upon any extraordinary occasion a civil man may walk any hour in the night giving good words and a good account to the well order'd and regular Watches c. But of this more in the Chapter of Government Of Gresham-College The same Noble Merchant and Citizen of London Sir Thomas Gresham of whom we spoke before that gave the Royal Exchange and Built Alms-houses in Broadstreet that gave considerable sums of Money to be distributed quarterly for ever to five Prisons and four Hospitals in and about this City Built Gresham-College and endowed it with the Revenue of the Royal Exchange of which he gave one Moity to the Lord Mayor and Commonalty and their Successors and the other Moity to the Right Worshipful Company of Mercers in trust that the Lord Mayor and Aldermen should find in all time to come four able Persons to Read Divinity Geometry Astronomy and Musick and to allow each of them besides fair Lodgings 50 l. a Year And that the Company of Mercers should find three more able men to Read Civil-Law Physick and Rhetorick each of which to have also besides fair Lodgings 50 l. a Year which Lectures are to be Read every Day in the Week except the Lords Day in Term-time in the Morning in Latine and in the Afternoon the same in English except the Musick Lecture which is to be read only in English There was also within these few Years a Mechanick Lecture for Natural Philosophy instituted by a worthy Gentleman Sir John Cutler with a Salary for the Reader of 50 l. per annum to be read at the time and place where the Royal Society shall meet Of the Charter-House called Sutton's Hospital where are 80 decay'd Gentlemen Soldiers and Merchants with a Governor and Chaplain 44 Scholars with a Master and Usher plentifully maintained in Diet Lodging Cloaths Physick c. living in a Collegiate manner with much neatness and handsomness the 44 Scholars when fit for the Universities being to receive an Allowance of 20 l. a Year for eight Years after their Reception there out of the Revenue of this Colledge And such as are fit for Trades a considerable Sum to bind them Apprentices where there are also all meet Officers as a Physician Apothecary Steward Cooks Butlers c. with competent Salaries we have spoke largely already in the Section of Hospitals to which we refer Of Sion Colledge This Colledge stands not far from Cripplegate in Cripplegate-Ward where there was in ancient Times a House of Nuns This being in great decay William Elsing Mercer anno 1329. 3 E. 3. began in the place thereof the Foundation of an Hospital for one hundred blind men to which he gave two Houses of a considerable value But 't was anno 1332. made a Priory for Canons Regular and in the same place there was at last a Colledge erected by Thomas White Doctor in Divinity for the use of the Clergy of London and the Liberties thereof and a part thereof to be for 20 poor People 10. Men and 10 Women To perform all this besides several Sums of money and considerable yearly Revenues given by the said Doctor White to pious and charitable Uses in divers places he gave 3000 l. to purchase and build this Colledge and for the maintenance of those Poor he setled 120 l. a year for ever and 40 l. a year for four plentiful Dinners for the Clergy that shall meet there who are to have four Latin Sermons one at the beginning of every quarter In this Colledge is a fair spacious Library built by John Sympson Rector of St. Olaves Hart-street London and one of the said Doctor White 's Executors who fitted it with Wainscot Stalls Desks Seats and other necessary and useful Ornaments befitting the place at his own charge This Library is
sumptuous Fane The Lands Chief Seat that challengeth for hers Kings Coranations and their Sepulchers Then goes along by that more beautious Strand That shews the Wealth and glory of the Land Such sumptuous Seats within so little space Th' all-viewing Sun scarce sees in all his Race By London leads which like a Crescent lies Whose Windows view with the be-spangled Skies Her rising Spires so thick themselves do show As do the Reeds that on her Banks do grow There sees his Wharffs and People-crowded Shores His bosom spread with shoals of labouring Oars With that great Bridge that doth him most Renown By which he puts all other Rivers down This Noble River hath her Original out of the side of an Hill in Cotswold Downs a little above a Village called Winchcomb in Oxfordshire where it was antiently called Isis or the Ouse running to Oxford and by the way receiving many small Rivulets and Brooks joyning at that City with the Charwell then by Abington Dorchester where the River Thame and Isis joyn from whence it is called Thamâ—sis or Thames thence by Reading Maiden-head Windsor Stanes and several other considerable Palaces Towns and stately Houses to London and receives the Medway a considerable River that runs by the City of Rochester and Waters all the Southern parts of Kent The length of it being at least if measured by the Journeys at Land 180 Miles and Ebbs and Flows as before near 80 Miles The Common difference betwixt Tide and Tide is found to consist of 24 Minutes which wanteth but 12 of a whole hour in 24 by which they come later than the other Mr. Stow tells us that in his time the first Edition of his Survey being Printed above 80 years ago there were 2000 Wherries or small Boats whereby 3000 Water-men got their Living their Gains being most in Term-time but now there are a great many more this River being a Nursery to breed young Men sit for the Sea to Serve His Majesty or the Merchants c. Besides these there is an Infinite Number of Wherries Tide-Boats Tilt-Boats Barges Hoys c. for Passengers or to bring necessary Provision of all sorts from all Quarters of Oxfordshire Berkshire Buckinghamshire Bedfordshire Hartfordshire Middlesex Essex Surrey and Kent unto the City but of the Navigation of London we refer to the Chapter of Trade and the Rates of Water-men to a distinct head to be Treated of hereafter The Extent of the Jurisdiction and Prerogative of the Lord Mayor Commonalty and Citizens of London on the River Thames c. THe Lord Mayor of LONDON for the time being and his Successors for ever in that great Dignity have full Power and Authority over the Rivers of Thames and Medway to inflict punishment upon all Transgressors relating to the said Rivers the Water-Bayly of London being his Substitute The Extent of this Jurisdiction begins at a place called Colnie-Ditch a little above Stains-Bridge Westward as far as London-Bridge and from thence to a place called Yendall otherwise Yenland or Yenleete and the Waters of Medway This Authority and Jurisdiction belongs to the Lord Mayor Commonalty and Citizens of London by divers Grants Charters and Confirmations made by the Kings and Queens of England besides sundry Acts of Parliament Yet there have been some contests betwixt the Lord Mayor and the Lord High Admiral of England about it but after a fair and Judicial Tryal in open Court the Controversie was decided in favour of the City and the Lord Mayor was adjudged to be Conservator of the Thames There were also some Controversies about the Rivers of Thames and Medway but all differences were absolutely concluded Anno 1613. Sir John Swinnerton being then Lord Mayor and Thomas Sparry Esq being then his Deputy in that Office So that the Lord Mayor bears always since as in former times the stile of Conservator of the said River within the said Limits and Bounds And whereas there was a Company of Fishermen called Tinckermen that with unlawful Nets and other devices made an infinite destruction of the young Brood or Fry of Fish to feed their Hogs by the singular care and cost of the Lord Mayor and vigilance of the Citizens they were many years ago supprest and a regular and orderly manner of Fishing brought in use that such a havock may not be made of the young Fry As also sundry other abuses by unlawful Fishing and some annoying Timbers in Tilbury-hope dangerous to Passengers and destructive to the young Brood of Fish and Fishermens Nets were also to general benefit reformed Likewise they took care to clear and cleanse the River Westward of about 79 Stops or Hatches consisting of divers great Stakes and Piles erected by Fishermen for their private lucre and standing ill-favouredly for Passengers near the Fair-Deep but none now are left except such as stand out of the passable high stream that can prejudice none The like Course was kept in the time of Henry the 4 th and Henry the 8 ths times There is also a watchful Eye that no Carrion nor Dead Carkasses be thrown into the River to pollute or infect the stream To all these intents and purposes the Lord Mayor and the Aldermen his Brethren with the under Officers meet eight times a year in the four Counties of Middlesex Surrey Kent and Essex and have a Judicial sitting for Maintenance of the Rivers Rights and Priviledges where they have power to Impanel Juries to make Inquisition after all Offences committed upon the River within their Exteâ—â— and as the Verdict given by the Jury makes it appear so they proceed to the punishment of the 〈◊〉 sors according to the quality of the offence whereof it may be proper to give this Memorable Instance as it is Recorded by Mr. Stow in his Survey page 20 Printed Anno 1633. and more briefly delivered by Mr. Howel in his Londinopolis Printed Anno 1657. page 15. Thus. Sir John Rolls Knight and Lord Mayor of the City of London and Conservator of the River of Thames and Waters of Medway assisted and accompanied by the Aldermen and two Sheriffs then contemporary and attended by the Recorder and the Sub-conservation or Water-Bayly with 50 Officers and Servants took their Barges at Billings-gate the third of July 1616. and in a few hours arrived at Graves-end in Kent where a Session for Conservancy of the said River was kept before the said Lord Mayor and his said Assistants at which place and time a Jury of the Free-holders of the said County being sworn to inquire of all Offences committed in any part of the River whatsoever within the said County The Common Sergeant of the City the Recorder being then absent upon extraordinary occasions Delivered them a Charge to this effect That for as much as there had not been any Session of Conservancy in many years passed kept by any Lord Mayor of London in that place it was probable and evident they could not be well informed neither of the Lord Mayor's
the City it Self 1269 55 John Adrian Walter Potter Philip Taylor 1270 56 The same Gregory Rochesly Henry Walleis 1271 57 Sir Walter Harvey Richard Harris John de Wodeley King Edward the First began His Reign the 16th of November 1272. 1272 1 Sir Walter Harvey John Horn. Walter Potter 1273 2 Henry Walleis Nicholas Winchester Henry Coventry 1274 3 Gregory Rokesley Lucas Batencourt Henry Frowick 1275 3 The same John Horn. Ralph Blount 1276 5 The same Robert de Arar Ralph L. Fewre 1277 6 The same John Adrian Walter Largley 1278 7 The same Robert Bâ—sing William le Meyre 1279 8 Gregory Rokesley Thomas Box. Ralph Moore 1280 9 The same Willliam Farrendon Nicholas Winchester 1281 10 Henry Walleis William le Meyre Richard Chigwell 1282 11 The same Ralph Blunt Hawkin Betuel 1283 12 The same Jordan Goodcheap Martin Box. 1284 13 Gregory Rokesley Stephen Cornhill Robert Rokesley 1285 14 Ralph Sandwich Walter Blunt John Made 1286 15 The same Thomas Cross Walter Hawteyne 1287 16 The same William Hereford Thomas Stanes 1288 17 The same William Betaine John of Canterbury 1289 18 The same Fulk of St. Edmund Solomon Langford 1290 19 The same Thomas Romain William de Lyre 1291 20 The same Ralph Blunt Hamond Box. 1292 21 The same Elias Russel Henry Bole. 2293 22 The same Robert Rokesley Martin Awbery 1294 23 The same Henry Box. Richard Gloucester 1295 24 Sir John Briton John Dunstable Adam de Halingbury 1296 25 The same Thomas of Suffolk Adam of Fulâ—â—m 1297 26 Henry Walleis Richard Refham Thomas Sely. 1298 27 Elias Russel John Armentor Henry Fingene 1299 28 The same Lucas de Havering Richard Champnes 1300 29 Sir John Blunt Robert Collor Peter de Bessenho 1301 30 The same Hugh Pourte Simon Paris 1302 31 The same Will. Combmartin John de Burford 1303 32 The same Roger Paris John de Lincoln 1304 33 The same William Causon Reginald Thunderley 1305 34 The same Geoffry at the Conduit Simon Billet King Edward the II. began His Reign the second of July Anno Domini 1307. 1307 1 Sir John Blunt Nicholas Pigol Nigellus Drury 1308 2 Nicholas Faringdon William Basing James Butler 1309 3 Thomas Romaine Roger le Palmer James of St. Edmond 1310 4 Richard Reffam Simon Cooper Peter Blacney 1311 5 Sir John Gysors Simon Metwâ—â—â— Richard Wâ—â—ford 1312 6 Sir John Gysors John Lambin Adam Lutkin 1313 7 Nicholas Faringdon Robert Garden Hugh Garton 1314 8 Sir John Gysors Stephen Abingdon Hammond Chickwell 1315 9 Stephen de Abington Hammond Goodcheap William Bodeleigh 1316 10 John Wingrave William Caston Ralph Balancer 1317 11 The same John Prior. William Furneaux 1318 12 The same John Pointel John Dalling 1319 13 Hammond Chickwell Simon de Abington John Preston 1320 14 Nicholas Faringdon Reinald at the Conduit William Prodham 1321 15 Hammond Chickwell Râ—chard Constantine Richard de Hackney 1322 16 The same John Grantham Richard de Ely 1323 17 Nicholas Farindon Adam of Salisbury John of Oxford 1324 18 Hammond Chickwell Bennet of Fulham John Cawston 1325 19 The same Gilbert Mordon John Causton 3126 20 Richard Britain Richard Rothing Roger Chauntclere King Edward the III. began His Reign the 25. of January 1326. A. D. A. R. Lord MAYORS SHERRIFFS 1327 1 Hammond Chickwell Henry Darcy John Hawton 1328 2 John Grantham Simon Francis Henry Cobmartin 1329 3 Richard Swanland Richard Lazer William Gysors 1330 4 Sir John Pountney Robert of Ely Thomas of Worwode 1331 5 The same John Mocking Andrew Aubery 1332 6 John Preston Nicholas Pike John Husband 1333 7 Sir John Pountney John Hammond William Hauford 1334 8 Reginald at the Conduit John Kingstone Walter Turk 1335 9 The same Walter Mordon Richard Vpton 1336 10 Sir John Pountney John Clark W. Curtes 1337 11 Henry Darcy Walter Neal. Nicholas Crane 1338 12 The same William de Pomfret Hugh Marbler 1339 13 Andrew Aubery William Thorney Roger Frâ—sham 1340 14 The same Adam Lucas Bartholomew Morris 1341 15 John of Oxenford Richard de Barking John de Rokesly 1342 16 Simon Francis John Lâ—ufkin Richard Killingbury 1343 17 John Hammond John Steward John Aylesham 1344 18 The same Geoffry Witchingham Thomas Leg. 1345 19 Richard Lazer Edmund Hemenhall John of Glocester 1346 20 Geoff. Witchingham John of Croydon William Clopton 1347 21 Thomas Leggy Adam Brampston Richard Fas or Bas. 1448 22 John Loufkin Henry Bicard Simon Doleby 1349 23 Walter Turk Adam of Bury Ralph of Lynne 1350 24 Richard Killingbury John Notte Will. of Worcester 1351 25 Andrew Aubery Iohn Wroth. Gilb. of Stenineshorpe 1352 26 Adam Francis John Peace John Stotly 1353 27 The same William Wood. John Little 1354 28 Thomas Leggy Will. Nottingham Roger Smelt 1355 29 Simon Francis Thomas Foster Thomas Brandon 1356 30 Henry Picard Richard Nottingham Thomas Dolsel 1357 31 Sir John Stody Stephen Candish Bartholom Frostling 1358 32 John Loufkin John Barns John Buris 1359 33 Simon Doulseby Simon of Bemington John of Chichester 1360 34 John Wroth. Walter Borny John Dennis 1361 35 John Peche William Holbech James Tame 1362 36 Stephen Candish John of St. Albans James Andrew 1363 37 John Not. Richard of Croyden John Hiltoft 1364 38 Adam of Bury John de Metford Simon de Morden 1365 39 John Loufkin John Bukilsworth John Ireland 1366 40 The same John Ward Thomas of Lee. 1367 41 James Andrew John Tarngold William Dickman 1368 42 Simon Mordan Robert Goideler Adam Wimondham 1369 43 John Chichester John Piel Hugh Holdich 1370 44 John Barns William Walworth Robert Gayton 1371 45 The same Adam Staple Robert Hatfield 1372 46 John Piel John Philpot. Nicholas Brembar 1373 47 Adam of Bury John Aubery John Fished 1374 48 William Walworth Richard Lyons William Woodhouse 1375 49 John Ward John Hadley William Newport 1376 50 Adam Staple John Northampton Robert Laund Richard the II. began His Reighn the 21. of June 1377. A. D. A. R. Lord MAYORS SHERIFFS 1377 1 Sir Nicholas Brember Nicholas Twiford Andrew Pikeman 1378 2 John Philpot. John Boseham Thomas Cornwallis 1379 3 John Hadley John Helisdon William Barra 1380 4 William Walworth Walter Doget William Knighthode 1381 5 John Northampton John Rotu John Hynde 1382 6 The same Adam Bramme John Sely. 1383 7 Sir Nicholas Brember Simon Winchcomb John More 1384 8 The same Nicholas Exton John French 1385 9 The same John Organ John Churchman 1386 10 Nicholas Exton William Stondon William More 1387 11 The same William Venor Hugh Falstalfe 1388 12 Nicholas Twiford Thomas Austin Adam Carlehul 1389 13 William Venor John Walcot John Love 1390 14 Adam Bamme John Francis Thomas Vivent 1391 15 John Hinde John Shadworth Henry Vamere 1392 16 William Stondon Gilbert Mafield Thomas Newington 1393 17 John Hardley Drew Barintin Richard Whittington 1394 18 Sir John Froyshe William Bramston Thomas Knolls 1395 19 William More Roger Ellis William Sevenoke 1396 20 Adam Brown Thomas Wilford William Parker 1397 21 Sir Rich. Whittington John Wodcock William Ascham 1398 22 Sir Drew Barintin
George Whitmore Samuel Cranmore Henry Prat. 1632 8 Sir Nicholas Raynton Hugh Perry Henry Andrews 1633 9 Sir Râ—lph Freeman Sir Thomas Mouldston Gilbert Harrison Richard Gurney 1634 10 Sir Robert Parkhurst John Heylord John Cordel 1635 11 Sir Christ Cletherow Thomas Soame John Gayer 1636 12 Sir Edw. Bromfield William Abel John Garret 1637 13 Sir Richard Fen. Thomas Atkin. Edward Rudge 1638 14 Sir Maurice Abot Isaac Pennington John Wollaston 1639 15 Sir Henry Garraway Thomas Adams John Warner 1640 16 Sir Edmund Wright John Towse Abrah Reynardson 1641 17 Sir Richard Gurney George Garret George Clarke 1642 18 Isaac Pennington John Langham Thomas Andrews 1643 19 Sir John Wolaston John Fowke James Bunce 1644 20 Thomas Atkin. William Gibbs Richard Chambly 1645 21 Thomas Adams John Kendrick Thomas Foot 1646 22 Sir John Gayer Thomas Cullam Simon Edmonds 1647 23 Sir John Warner Samuel Avery John Bide 1648 24 Sir Abra Reinardson Thomas Andrews in his Room Thomas Viner Richard Brown King CHARLES the II. began His Reign the Thirtieth of January 1648. 1649 1 Thomas Foot Christopher Pack Rowland Wilsen John Dethick 1650 2 Thomas Andrews Robert Tichborn Richard Chiverton 1651 3 John Kendrick Andrew Richards John Ireton 1652 4 John Fowke Stephen Eastwick William Vnderwood 1653 5 Thomas Viner James Philips Walter Bigge 1654 6 Christopher Pack Edmund Sleigh Thomas Aleyn 1655 7 John Dethick William Thompson John Detherick 1656 8 Robert Tichborn Tempest Milner Nathaniel Temms 1657 9 Richard Chiverton John Robinson Tho. Chandler died Richard King 1658 10 John Ireton Anthony Bateman John Lawrence 1659 60 11 12 Sir Thomas Aleyn Knight and Bar. Francis Warner William Love Esq 1660 61 12 â—3 Sir Richard Brown Baronet Sir Will. Bolton Knt. Sir William Peâ—k Kt. 1661 2 13 14 Sir John Frederick Francis Menil Esq Samuel Starling Esq 1662 3 14 15 Sir Joh. Robinson Bar. Sir Thom. Bludworth Sir Wilâ—iam Turner 1663 4 15 â— Sir Anthon. Bateman Sir Richard Food Sir Richard Rives 1664 â— 16 17 Sir John Lawrence Sir George Waterman Sir Charles Doe 1665 6 17 â— Sir Thom. Bludworth Sir Robert Hanson Sir William Hooker 1666 7 18 â—9 Sir William Boulton Sir Robert Viner Sir Joseph Sheldon 1667 â— 19 20 Sir William Peake Sir Dennis Gauden Sir Thomas Davies 1668 9 20 21 Sir William Turner John Forth Esq Sir Francis Chaplain 1669 70 21 22 Sir Samuel Starling Sir John Smith Sir James Edwards 1670 71 22 23 Sir Richard Ford. Samuel Forth Esq Patience Ward Esq 1671 2 23 24 Sir George Waterman Sir Jonat Daws died Sir Robert Clayton Sir John Moore 1672 3 24 25 Sir Robert Hanson Sir Will. Pritchard Sir James Smith 1673 4 25 â—6 Sir William Hooker Sir Henry Tulse Sir Robert Jeffry 1674 5 26 7 Sir Robert Viner Knt. and Barronet Sir Nathan Herne Sir John le Thuilâ—er 1675 6 27 â— Sir Joseph Sheldon Sir Thomas Gold Sir John Shorter 1676 7 28 9 Sir Thomas Davies Sir John Peak Sir Thomas Stamp 1677 8 29 30 Sir Francis Chaplain Sir William Royston Sir Thomas Becâ—ford 1678 9 30 31 Sir James Edwards Sir Richard How Sir John Chapman 1679 80 31 2 Sir Robert Clayton Sir Jonath Raymond Sir Simon Lewis 1680 1 32 3 Sir Patience Ward Slingsby Bethel Esq Henry Cornish Esq Having given a Catalogue of all the Mayors and Sheriffs that have been in London to this present year we shall proceed to give a brief Account of this great Magistrate for to give a full and distinct Account of all things relating to that high Place quadrates not with the intended bulk of this little Memorial The Lord Mayor of London upon the Death of the King is the prime Person of England and therefore when King James came to take possession of the English Crown Sir Robert Lee then Lord Mayor of London subscribed before all the great Officers of the Crown and all the Nobility He is always for his great Dignity Knighted before the Year of His Mayoralty be expired unless Knighted before whilst Alderman which of 〈◊〉 hath been usual He keeps a Table so richly and plentifully furnished where all strangers or others that are of any quality are nobly entertained at all times of the year that it is fit to receive the greatest Subject of England or of other Monarchs Nay it is Recorded that in the 31. E. 3. Henry Picard Lord Mayor of London Feasted Four Kings viz. The King of England the King of France the King of Cyprus and the King of Scotland with other great Estates all in one day And their Present Majesties of Great Britain have been by some of the late Lord Mayors Treated at their Table There is also for the Grandeur of the Lord Mayor 1000 l. a year allowed for his Sword-bearer's Table in the Lord Mayor's House His Domestick attendance is very honourable He hath Four Officers that wait on him who are reputed Esquires by their places that is the Sword-Bearer the Common-Hunt the Common-Cryer and the Water-Bayliff there is also the Coroner three Sargeants Carvers three Sergeants of the Chamber a Sergeant of the Channel four Yeomen of the Water-side one Vnder-WaterBayliff two Yeomen of the Chamber three Meal-Weighers two Yeomen of the Wood-Wharffs most of which have their Servants allowed them and have Liveries for themselves c. His State and Magnificence is remarkable when he appears abroad which is usually on Horse-back with rich Caparisons himself always in long Robes sometimes of fine Scarlet Cloath richly Furr'd sometimes Purple sometimes Puke and over his Robes a Hood of Black Velvet which is said to be a Badge of a Baron of the Realm with a great Chain of Gold about his Neck or Collar of SS's with a great rich Jewel Pendant thereon with many Officers walking before and on all sides of him He is usually Chosen on Michaelmas-day by the Livery-men or Members of the several Companies in London out of the twenty-six Aldermen all persons of great Wealth and Wisdom in which Election the Senior Alderman hath usually the precedence yet in this particular the said Electors are at their liberty On the 29 th of October there is a most Magnificent Cavalcade when the Lord Mayor attended with all the Aldermen all his Officers all the several Companies or Corporations rides to the Water-side where they enter their stately Barges with their Arms Colours and Streamers and go to Westminster to be sworn to be true to the King c. in the Exchequer Chamber after which he returns in the same manner to Guild-Hall that is the great Common-Hall of Guilds or Incorporated Fraternities where is prepared for him and his Brethren a most sumptuous Dinner to which many of the Great Lords and Ladies and all the Judges of the Land are invited And the King and Queens Majesties the Duke of York and Prince Rupert did lately honour that Feast with their presence The Lord Mayor on the Day of the King's Coronation is Chief Bâ—tler and bears the Kings Cup
amongst the highest Nobles of the Kingdom which serve on that Day in other Offices He presents the King with Wine in a Golden Cup having a Cover of which the King Drinks and the Lord Mayor receives the said Cup for his Fee The first Lord Mayor that went by Water to Westminster was Sir John Norman Draper Anno 1453. the 32. of H. 6. that is 228 years ago The two Sheriffs of this City are also Sheriffs of the County of Middlesex and are annually Chosen by the Citizens from among themselves in the Guild-Hall upon Midsummer-day a high Priviledge among many others anciently granted to this City by several Kings and Queens of this Kingdom but they are not Sworn till Michaelmas-Eve and then are also presented at the Exchequer to be allowed by the Barons and Sworn after which they enter upon their Office If the Persons so chosen refuse to hold they incur a Penalty unless they will take a Solemn Oath that they are not worth 10000 l. In the Year 1199. that is 482 years ago King John granted the Sheriff-Wick of London and Middlesex to the City as King Henry the First before had done for the sum of 300 l. a year which is paid into the Exchequer to this Day He gave them also Authority to Chuse and Deprive their Sheriffs at pleasure In the 1. of R. 1. the Citizens obtained to be Governed by two Bayliffs which Bayliffs are in Divers antient Deeds called Sheriffs according to the Speech of the Law which called the Shire Ballâ—va c. which King also as formerly said gave the City liberty to be governed by a Mayor as their Principal Governour and their Bayliffs were changed into Sheriffs The Sheriffs of London In the Year 1471. were appointed each of them to have Sixteen Sergeants every Sergeant to have his Yeoman and Six Clerks viz. A Secondary a Clerk of the Papers and Four other Clerks besides the Under-Sheriffs Clerks their Stewards Bâ—tlers Porters and other in Houshold many There are Twenty-six Aldermen that preside over the Twenty-six Wards of the City of which more when we speak of Wards when any of these die the Lord Mayor and Aldermen chuse another out of the most substantial men of the City If any so chosen refuse to hold he is usually Fined 500 l. All the Aldermen that have been Lord Mayors and the Three eldest Aldermen that have not yet arrived to that Honourable Estate are by their Charter Justices of the Peace of this City In the Year 1555. Seven Aldermen Died in less than Ten Months The Recorder of London is usually a Grave and Learned Lawyer that is skilful in the Customs of the City who is to be an Assistant to the Lord Mayor He taketh his place in Councels and in Courts before any man that hath not been Mayor and Learnedly Delivers the sentences of the whole Court The Present Recorder is Sir George Treby an eminent Gentleman and a Worthy Member of our last Parliaments The Chamberlain of London is at present Sir Thomas Player a Gentleman that has deserved very well of this City and the Protestant Interest in General both in that Station and as a Member for this Honourable City in the last Parliaments The Chamberlain is Elected by the Commons upon Midsummer-day so are the Two Bridge-Masters The Auditors of the City and Bridge-House Accounts the Surveyors for BEER and ALE. There is also a Town-Clark or Common-Clerk and a Remembrancer who are Esquires The Chamberlain of London is an Officer very considerable in point of power for without him can no man set up Shop or Occupy his Trade without being Sworn before him no man can set over an Apprentice to another but by his Licence he may Imprison any that disobeys his Summons or any Apprentice that misdemeans himself or punish him otherwise On Munday and Tuesday in Eâ—ster-week all the Aldermen and Sheriffs come unto the Lord Mayor's House before Eight of the Clock in the Morning to Break-fast wearing their Scarlet Gowns Furr'd and their Cloaks as also their Horses attending When Break-fast is ended they mount their Horses and ride to the Spittle which is an ancient Custom not changed but once in 300 years and that upon extraordinary occasion till this year when they went to S. Sepulchres the Sword and Mace being born before the Lord Mayor There they hear a Sermon and then return to Dinner and some of the Aldermen Dine with the Sheriffs and some with the Lord Mayor On Wednesday in Easter-week they go thither in the same manner only the Lord Mayor and Aldermen wear their Violet Gownes and sutable Cloaks But the Ladies on the former Days wearing Scarlet on this Day are attired in Black On Whitsunday all the Aldermen use to meet the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs at the New-Church-yard by Moorfields wearing their Scarlet Gowns lined without Cloaks there they hear a Sermon appointed for that Day and so return to Dinner When they chuse Parliament-men all the Aldermen meet the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs at the Guild-Hall by nine of the Clock in the Morning wearing their Velvet Gowns and their Cloaks either furred or lined according as the time of the year requireth when they are to be chosen and they sit in the Hastings-Court untill the Commons do make Choice of them The last Honourable Members that served for this Renowned City were Sir Robert Clayton Knight that was Lord Mayor the last year Thomas Pilkinton Alderman Sir Thomas Player Knight and William 〈◊〉 Esq of whose real worth courage fidelity and wisdom in the management of that great Trust the City is very sensible as appears by the publick demonstrations deservedly given of it and no less sensible was the last Parliament but one of the Cities Loyalty Fidelity and great care to preserve his Majesties Royal person and the Protestant Religion that the thanks of the House was order'd to be given them which was accordingly done by the Worthy Members aforesaid What the Office of the Constables in the City of London is you may gather from their Oath which is thus Ye shall Swear that ye keep the Peace of our Soveraign Lord the King well and lawfully after your power And ye shall Arrest all them that make Contest Riot Debate or Affray in breaking of the said Peace and lead them to the House or Compter of one of the Sheriffs And if ye be withstood by strength of Misdoers ye shall rear on them an Out-cry and pursue them from Street to Street and from Ward to Ward till they be Arrested And ye shall search at all times when ye be required by the Seavengers or Beadles the Common Noysance of your Ward And the Beadle and Raker ye shall help to Rear and gather their Sallary and Quarterage if ye be thereunto by them required And if any thing be done within your Ward against the Ordinance of this City such defaults as ye shall find there done ye shall them present to the Mayor and
a fair Room over it appointed for a Treasury for the Books and Records of the City and another Room underneath for necessary use and Employment was begun Anno 1614. and finished Michaelmas 1615. at the charge of 1740 l. which was well well bestowed The Kitchins c. were built about Anno 1501. for accommodation of the Lord Mayors Feast by means of Sir John Shaa Goldsmith Lord Mayor who kept the first Lord Mayors Feast there which were wont to be kept before in Merchant-Taylors or Grocers-Hall c. The adjoyning Chappel or College of Mary Magdalen and All-Saints was called London-College built Anno 1299. which had a Custos seven Chaplains three Clerks and four Quiristers Adjoying to this Chappel was a fair and large Library pertaining to the Guild-Hall and College but the Books to the quantity of three-score Cart-loads * Howel p. 118. in Edw. 6. time were sent for by Edw. Duke of Somerset with promise to restore them but they were never return'd The Library was built by the Executors of Sir Richard Whittington aforesaid and by W. Bury This great Guild-Hall was destroyed by the great Fire 1666 but very Magnificently rebuilt In the great Hall on the East-end it is very Richly hung with the lively Effigies of His Majesty and the Duke of York and round about on all sides it is adorn'd with the costly and lively Pictures of the great Ministers of State and Judges of the Land There are many large and spacious Courts and Offices where the Respective Affairs of the City are managed as before in the Section of the Civil-Government of London Of Blackwell-Hall THis place was purchased by the Lord Mayor and Commonalty for 50 l. 20. R. 2. and employed as a Weekly Market-place for all sorts of Woollen-Cloaths broad and narrow brought from all parts of the Kingdom there to be sold 21 R. 2. It was Decreed that no Foreigner or Stranger should sell any Woollen-Cloath but in Blackwell-Hall upon pain of forfeiture thereof It was Rebuilt being decayed Anno 1558. at the charge of 2500 l. to which Richard May Merchant-Taylor gave 300 l. at his Decease It was destroyed by the great Fire 1666 but rebuilt in a very capacious manner and is the greatest Market and Store-house for all sorts of Woollen-Cloath c. Of Leaden-Hall ANno 1411. This Hall was confirm'd unto the City by Sir Richard Whittington and others who purchased it Anno 1443. 21 H. 6. Sir John Hatherly Lord Mayor purchased License of the King to take up 200 fodder of Lead for the building of Water-Conduits a Common Granary and the Cross in Cheap-side more beautifully for the honour of the City This Granary was built by the honourable and famous Merchant Simon Eyre the words of the Grant be Cum Nobilis potens vir c. Whereas the Noble and powerful man c. sometime an Vpholsterer and then a Draper Anno 1419. He built it of square Stone as it now sheweth having escaped the fury of the great Fire with a fair and large Chappel on the East-side of the Quadrant over the Porch he caused to be Written Dextra Domini exaltavit me The Lords Right hand exalted me Within the Chappel was written Honorandus famosus Mercator Simon Eyre hujus operis c. In English thus The honourable and famous Merchant Simon Eyre Founder of this Work once Mayor of this City Citizen and Draper of the same Departed out of this Life 18 Sept. 1459. 38 H. 6. He was buried in the Church of St. Mary Wolnoth in Lumbard-street He gave very many large and bountiful Legacies to be read in Stow page 163. This Hall was Burnt Anno 1484. but Rebuilt again in a very stately and capacious manner There were kept the Artillery Guns and other Armour of the City The Store of Timber for the necessary reparations of the Tenements belonging to the Chamber of London It was a Free Market for Victuallers There were the Common Beams for weighing of Wools and other Wares the Scales to weigh Meal there were made the Pageants for the Midsummer-Watches In other parts Woolsacks were stowed Abovestairs the Painters workt upon the Pageants the Residue were let to Merchants c. Now there is kept the greatest Flesh-Market about the City And a great Magazine of Corn. In speaking of Halls it may not be impertinent to remember the Right honourable Baptist Lord Hicks Viscount Cambden who besides many noble and charitable acts of Piety in King James his time recorded by Stow p. 760 761. built the Sessions-House for the Justices of Middlesex in St. Johns-street at the charge of 600 l. called after his Name Hicks's-Hall which was a great convenience they sitting before in a common Inn called the Castle As for the particular Halls of Companies we have spoke of them Generally before which is all that appears at present necessary SECT 7. Of the Custom-House THe House where this great Office was kept a little below Billingsgate was destroyed by the great Fire but is Rebuilt in a much more magnificent uniform and commodious manner by the King which hath cost His Majesty 10000 l. Here is received and managed all the Impositions laid on Merchandize Imported or Exported from this City which are so considerable that of all the Customs of England which amount to about 600000 l. a year divided into three parts the Port of London pays two thirds that is about 400000 l. per annum A great Number of Officers are here Employ'd whereof divers are of considerable quality and ability There are at present Five Commissioners who have the charge and oversight of all His Majestics Customs in all Ports of England Viz. Sir Richard Temple Bar. Sir George Downing Kt. Charles Cheney Esq Francis Millington Esq John Vpton Esq The Sallaries to each of these is 1200 l. a Year they have many Deputies or Waiters in the Port of London and also in all the Out-Ports Then there are Customers Collectors Comptrollers Surveyors Searchers Waiters c. Sir John Shaw Collector Inwards and for the Act of Navigation Fee 966. l. 13. s. 4. d. Sir Nicholas Crisp Collector Outwards Sallary 276 l. Alderman Edward Backwell Comptroller Sallary 255 l. George Nicholas Esq Surveyor-General Sallary 500 l. The Searchers Office is managed by a Chief and five Under-Searchers Clerks c. Since the happy Restoration of His Majesty there has been in all Eleven Persons Under-Searchers in that Office viz. Six who have all except one disposed of their place by His Majesties grace and favours Mr. Daniel Colwall Rob. Forster Leonard Scot. Will. Dockwra Tho. Hampson John Seymour Esq The Five Undersearchers now in Possession are Mr. Tho. Burton John Evans Richard Goodlad Charles Beauvoir Richard Pierce The Chief Searcher has 120 l. per annum The Undersearchers have each 12 l. And sundry Fees settled upon them by Authority of Parliament which are paid them by Masters of Ships and Merchants c. Having always been Officers
Stones that immur'd up the Door they were heard to cry seven days after and then perished From the Savoy they went to the Temple where they burnt the Lawyers Lodgings with their Books and Writings and all they could lay hands on They broke up the Fleet Prison and let the Prisoners go where they would The like they did at Newgate and made a most dreadful havock up and down The house of St. Johns by Smithfield they set on fire so that it burnt seven days together After this they came to the Tower where the King was then lodged And though he had at that time 600 armed Men and 600 Archers about him yet he durst not but suffer them to enter where they abused the King's Mother in a rude manner offering to kiss her c. that she fell into a Swoon And finding in the place Simon Theobald Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Chancellor and Sir Robert Hale Prior of St. John and Lord Treasurer and one Richard a Carmelite Monk the King's Confessor these they led to Tower-hill and there most cruelly cut off their heads as they served divers others Indeed Polidore Virgil writes That the Rebels were not at all in the Tower but that the King sent these three men to appease them hoping that they would not offer to abuse such eminent Clergy-men For saith he Si vulgus it a concitatus turrem expugnasset non eos utique tres duntaxat uti credere par est sed Regem relquos ommes quos imprimis ad supplicium petebat interfecisset that is If the enraged Common People had taken the Tower by force they would in all probability destroy not only those three but the King also and all the rest whom first of all they demanded to be deliver'd to them â—or punishment They drew Thirteen Flemings out of Austin-Fryers and Beheaded them in the Streets Seventeen more out of another Church And Thirty two out of the Vintry and several out of their own or others whom they Beheaded yet after all these barbarous and bloody Outrages the King proclaimed Pardon to all such as would lay down Arms and go quietly home which the Essex men did but the Kentish men continued still with their Captain Wat-Tyler of Maidstone a crafty Fellow of an acute wit but very graceless Polidore Virgil says He was Manibus promptus ac Consiliis praeceps of a ready hand and hasty or precipitate in counsel To this Ringleader of Mischief the King sent Sir John Newton to understand what his meaning was Wat Tyler was offended because he came on Horse-back telling him It became him to alight from his Horse in his presence and therewith drew out his Dagger to strike him The King perceiving this Noble Knight to be in danger to qualifie the severity of Wat for a time commanded Sir John to alight which did not pacifie but made Wat the more insolent and would have the King's Sword which Sir John carried offering again to assault him But the Lord Mayor of London William Walworth with other Persons of Quality being just come affirm'd it to be an unheard-of Indignity and a most intolerable Disgrace if the King should suffer so Noble a Knight to be basely murdered in his presence Upon which the King commanded the Lord Mayor to arrest him who did it to purpose for being a man of an invincible Courage and a brave Mind he regarded not the hazard that probably would follow his attacking that Darling and Leader of a Rude Numerous and Rebellious Rabble but prefer'd his Duty to his King and Countrey and the Generosity of rescuing an abused Gentleman even before life I insert this as a Remark due to this brave and memorable Action which deserves never to be forgotten The Mayor immediately rides up to Wat and Arrests him with such a salutation of his Mace on his head that he tumbles him down and then he was by some of the King's Servants some say by John Cavendish Esq run through in several places many persons encompassing him so as that he could not be seen by his Plebeian Army and then caus'd his dead Body to be drawn into St. Bartholomews Hospital But the Commons perceiving it they cry'd Their Captain was slain and animated each other to revenge Upon which the King though not above 15 years of age was so Couragious as to ride up to them telling them That now their Leader was dead he would be their Leader himself and if they would follow him into the Fields they should have whatsoever they desired In the mean time the Lord Mayor Walworth with one Servant Rides speedily into the City and raised One thousand armed Men where meeting Sir Robert Knolls a Citizen by accident got him to be their Leader who coming into the Field where the Rebels were so daunted them that throwing down their weapons they cry'd for mercy so that it was a wonderful thing to see how suddenly Fear overtook Presumption and how quickly terms of the most servile Submission succeeded their insolent Brags viz. That they had the King's life in their power c. and what else they would do On the other side 't was as strange to see how quickly Boldness surprized Fear in those about the King for a little before they trembled at the sight of the Rebels but now they are mad to be at them which the King would not suffer but commanded the Charter they had demanded to be scaled and delivered to them because these Commotions might have the speedier End for the Commons in other places were not yet quiet and the King thought it more prudent rather to pacifie than provoke them The Rabble being dispersed the King called for the Mayor and Knighted him in the Field as also five Aldermen his Brethren viz. Nicholas Brember John Philpot Robert Lawnd John Standish Nicholas Twyford and Adam Francis Some affirm that the Dagger was added to the City Arms for this Reason but Antiquaries make out that this Coat with the Sword of St. Paul not a Dagger belonged to the City long before this hapned The Mayor of London after this sate in Judgment upon Offenders where many were found Guilty and were Executed amongst others Jack Straw John Kirby Alane Tredder and John Sterling who gloried that he slew the Archbishop Sir Robert Tresilian the Chief Justice was appointed to sit in Judgment against the Offenders before whom above 1500 were found Guilty and in several places put to Death amongst whom was John Ball the Priest their Incendiary And thus ended that dangerous Rebellion About the Year 1450. 29 H. 6. there was another Insurrection in Kent headed by one Jack Cade who stiled himself John Mortimer Captain Mend-all He marches with a small but well-order'd Number to Black-Heath where he lay about a Month exercising his Men and in the mean time presents several Complaints to the King and Parliament of various Grievances and Oppressions but they were judged too insolent and therefore rejected
Water for ten years towards the repairing of the Walls and cleansing the Ditch about London In the sixteenth of Edward the Fourth viz. Anno 1476. the Mayor of London Sir Ralph Joceline caused the part of the Wall betwixt Aldgate and Aldersgate to be repaired the Skinners repairing from Aldgate to Burys-marks towards Bishopsgate as may appear by their Arms in three places fixed there The Mayor with his Company of Erapers repaired from Bishops-gate to Allhallows-Church in the same Wall and from Allhallows towards the Postern called Moor-gate A great part of the same Wall was repaired by the Executors of Sir John Crosby Alderman as may appear by his Arms in two places fixed there and other Companys repaired the rest of the Wall to the Postern of Cripple-gate Bishops-gate was new built by the Merchants Almains of the Still-yard The Goldsmiths Repaired from Cripple-gate towards Alders-gate and there the work ceased which was a great Service for one Year The Circuit of the Wall on the Land side from the Tower to Aldgate in the East is 82 perches from thence to Bishops-gate 86 perches From Bishopsgate in the North to the Postern of Cripple-gate 162 perches From Cripple-gate to Alders-gate 75 perches From Alders-gate to New-gate 66 perches From New-gate in the West to Ludgate 42 perches From thence to the Fleet-Dyke West 60 perches From thence to the River Thames about 70. In all 643 perches every perch being 5 Yards and a half contains 3536 Yards and a half which is 10608 foot or two Miles and a half and 608 foot over to which if you add from Black friers to the Tower it will be found that the whole Circuit of the Walls was above three English Miles The Principal Gates of this Noble City are seven viz. on the West Ludgate of King Lud it being built by him as Geoffry of Monmouth says about the Year of Christ 66. Though some as Leland conjecture it may be called Lud-gate for Fludgate from a little Flud running beneath it It was made a Free Prison Anno 1379. Sir Nicholas Bremer being Mayor which was confirmed in the Year 1382. By a Common Counsel in the Guild-Hall by which it was Ordained That all Free-men 〈◊〉 this City should for Debt Trespasses Accounts and Contempts be imprisoned in Lud-gate where at first they paid nothing for Lodging and Water This Gate was Repaired in the 28 of Q. Elizabeth Anno 1586 at the Common charges of the City amounting to above 1500 l. In the 3 d of Edw. 4. Sir Mathew Philips being Mayor Dame Agnes Foster Relict of Sir Stephen Foster Fishmonger who was also Mayor in the one and thirtyeth Year of King Hen. 6. for the Comfort and Relief of all the poor Prisoners procured an Establishment of certain Articles in a Common Council viz. That the New Works then lately Edified by the same Dâ—me Agnes for the enlarging of the Prison of Lud-gate from thenceforth should be had and taken as a part and parcel of the said Prison of Lud-gate so that both the old and new Work aforesaid to be one Prison Goal keeping and charge for evermore The Quadrant built by the said Sir Stephen Foster and his Lady contained a large walking place by ground of 38 Foot and a half in Length besides the thickness of the Walls which were 6 Foot in all 44 Foot and a half the Breadth within the Walls was 29 Foot and a half which with the thickness of the Walls makes it 35 Foot and an half broad The like Room there was over it for Lodgings and over that fair Leads to walk upon well imbattelled for fresh Ayr and refreshment of Prisoners 2. New-gate which was so called for its Newness as being erected later than the rest viz. about the Reign of Henry the first or of King Stephen This was the fairest of all the Gates and was Rebuilt after its being destroied in the dreadful Conflagration in 1666 more stately than ever of which we will give a particular account hereafter as also of the Revival of London from those Ruinous heaps in which the Hellish Malice of â—â—cked Incendiaries had buried it This Gate being a Sumptuous and Capacious Fabrick is the Publick Goal or Prison for Criminals and also for Court-Actions for the County of Middlesex and has been so for many Ages as appears by Records in King John's time There have been many Benefactors to this place who gave somthing Yearly towards the Relief of Prisoners as Sir John Poultney who gave 4 Marks per annum Anno 1237. and many others since Anno 1312. It was re-edified by the Executors of Sir Rechard Whittington 3. Alders-gate is said to Derive its name of Elder-â—rees which grew about it others from its Antiquity viz. Olders-gate and some Derive it from Aldrich a Saxon. This also is and indeed all the Gates that have been consumed in the great fire are now built more Magnificently than ever they were 4. Cripple-Gate so called of a Spittle of Cripples somtimes adjoining thereto that were wont to beg at the said Gate It has been formerly a Prison where Persons were Committed as now to the Compters It was Re-edified by the Brewers of London in the Year 1244. And by the Executors of Edmund Shaw Goldsmith Mayor Anno 1491. 5. Moor-Gate so called from a Moorish ground hard by but now turned into very pleasant and delightful walks called Moor-fields This Gate was built by Thomas Falconer Lord Mayor in the 2 H. 5. Anno 1414. 6. Bishops-Gate so called of a Bishop the Benefactor which the Dutch Merchants or Hans of the Still-Yard were bound by Covenant to repair and defend at all times of Danger and extremity 7. Aldgate on the East so named from the oldness or Elbe-Gate this is one of the Principal Gates and of the 7 double Gates mentioned by Fitz-Stephens It is Rebuilt at the Charge of the City Besides these in ancient times there stood two Gates on that part of the City next the River whilst the Wall stood namely Billings-Gate now a Whaâ—f or a Key and Doure-Gate or the Water-Gate commonly called Dow-Gate There are some Posterns also which may go for Gates as that out of Christ-Church and Hospital to pass from thence to the Hospital of St. Baâ—tholomewsâ— in Smithfield to make which License was given to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen in the 6. of E. 6. Sir Richard Dobbs Lord Mayor There is also another that leads to Moor-fields And that near the Tower by the Remains seems to have been a fair and strong Arched Gate of much trust there having formerly been always a Person of Quality as Custas or Keeper of it In the 2 R. 1. Ann. 1190. William Longshamp Bishop of Ely Lord Chancellor of England caused a part of the Câ—ty Wall to wit from the said Gate towards the River to the White Tower to be broken down for the enlarging the said Tower which he encompassed with the outer Wall and broad Ditch but coming too near
built in the year 1430. 8 H. 6. Sir William Eastfield Mayor William Russe and Ralph Holland Esqs Sheriffs and the Commonalty granted of the Common Ground of the City Three Foot and an half in Breadth on the North part and Four Foot in Breadth toward the East for the enlarging thereof This Ancient Church belonging to the Black-friers before the dissolution of such places by H. 8. was one of the most spacious and fair Churches in London but afterwards demolished Anno 1613. The Inhabitants of Black-friers purchased so much Houses on the South-side of their Church as was 36 Foot in Length and 54 in Breadth the Purchase whereof together with the Vault for Burying and other Rooms under that part of the Church c. cost 1546 l. 6 s. Anno 1632. The Inhabitants of the said Black-friers purchased the Rooms directly under an upper Room formerly converted to a Church to repair the Walls and Foundations whereon the Church stood at the cost together with the Repairs of 500 l. The Sum of all bestowed upon Black-friers Church since the Reformation amounted to 2600 l. 4 s. till the year 1633. It was burnt down Anno 1666. in the great Fire and not yet Re-built XVI St. Anthonieâ— Church vulgarly called St. Antlins or St. Antholins in Budge-Row in Cord-wainer-street Ward was a fair Parish-Church Sir Thomas Knowles late Lord Mayor of London lieth Buried there who Repaired and was a great Benefactor to it It was Repaired and Beautified Anno 1616. towards which Sir William Craven Mr. Henry Jay Aldermen Mr. Adrian Moore Mr. Thomas Boothby Mr. Francis Dorrington Mr. William Parker Mr. Cleophas Smith Citizen and Draper of London were free and bountiful Benefactors the cost amounted to near 1000 l. XVII The Parish-Church of Augustine vulgarly Austin in Watling-street in Faringdon-Ward-within was a fair Church and well Repaired And was in the years 1630 and 1631 in part Re-built and Beautifully adorned at the charge of the Parishioners which cost 1200 l. XVIII The Parish-Church of St. Bartholomew Exchange at the end of Bartholomew-lane was new Built by Thomas Pike Alderman with the assistance of Nicholas Yoo one of the Sheriffs of London about the year 1438. Sir John Lepington's Lady founded a Chauntry there in the 21 of Edw. 4. Sir William Capel Mayor added a proper Chapel Anno 1509. on the South-side James Wilford Taylor one of the Sheriffs 1499. appointed by his Testament a Doctor of Divinity every Good-Friday to preach a Sermon there of Christ's Passion for ever from six a clock till 8 before Noon This Church was Repaired and Beautified at the charge of the Parishioners Anno 1620. XIX The Parish-Church of St. Bennet which of Robert Fink senior who new Built it is called St. Bennet Finck stands in Thread-needle-street in Broad-street-Ward which was a proper Church It was Repaired and Beautifully adorn'd at the Parish-charge Anno 1633. at the cost of above 400 l. XX. In the Street formerly called Grass-street but vulgarly Graces or Gracious-street is the Parish-Church called St. Bennet Grass-Church of the Herb-Market kept near it but vulgarly Grace-Church in Bridge-Ward-within This Church was Repaired and Beautified Anno 1630. with a new Clock-Dyal and Chimes added Anno 1633. XXI St. Bennet Pauls-Wharf in Thames-street in Castle-Baynard-Ward was a proper Parish-Church with several Monuments in it XXII The Parish-Church of St. Syth hath an addition of Bennet-Shorne or Shrog or Shorehog and is vulgarly called St. Bennet Sherehog The ancientest name of these is Shorne of one Benedict Shorne sometime a Citizen and Stock-fishmonger of London who New Built Repaired it or was a Benefactor thereof in the time of Edward II. so that Shorne is corruptly called Shrog and more corruptly Shorebog Being very much decayed it was at the Parish-charge very amply Repaired and Beautified Anno 1628. It is near Needles-lane in Cheap-Ward XXIII The Parish-Church of St. Botolph in Thames-street in Billingsgate-Ward was a handsom Church and had many fair Monuments in it but now defaced This Church was Repaired and Beautifully adorn'd at the Parish-charge Anno 1624. XXIV Christ-Church was founded by King Henry VIII who gave the old Parish-Church of St. Nicholas to the Mayor and Commonalty of London towards the maintenance of this New Church to be erected in the late dissolved Church of the Grey-fryers called St. Ewin which Parish-Church with the aforesaid Parish-Church of St. Nicholas and so much of St. Sepulchres Parish as is within Newgate were then made one Parish-Church by the name of Christ-Church Of the Hospital there we shall speak under its proper head There was a fair and spacious Gallery erected in the North Isle of this Church Anno 1628. which cost the Parishioners 149 l. 10 s. which was not only necessary but graceful and beautiful It is in Faringdon-Ward-within XXV In Broad-street-Ward near the Stocks-Market is the Parish-Church of St. Christopher To which Richard Sherington Anno 1392. gave Lands so did the Lady Margaret Norford Anno 1406. John Clavering 1421 c. But above all the charity of Robert Thorne Merchant-Taylor and a Batchelor is to be perpetuated who lay Interred there in a fair Tomb of Touch and gave by his Will 4445 l. to pious Uses This Church was Repaired and Beautified at the cost of the Parish Anno 1621. XXVI St. Clements East-Cheap in Candlewick-street-Ward is a small Parish-Church William Chartney and William Overie founded a Chauntry there It was Repaired and Beautified at the cost of the Parishioners Anno 1632. XXVII At the South-west corner of Lime-street in Langborn-Ward stood the fair Parish-Church of St. Dionis called Back-Church new Built in the Reign of Henry VI. to which John Bugge Esq was a great Benefactor John Darby Alderman added thereto a fair Isle or Chapel on the South-side and was there Buried Anno 1466. He gave besides sundry Ornaments his Dwelling-house besides other Houses unto the said Church The middle Isle of this Church was new laid in the year of our Lord 1629. The Steeple was repaired a new Turret built new Frames were made for the Bells and the Church very decently beautified Anno 1632. XXVIII The Parish-Church of St. Dunstans East is so called for difference from another Church in the West of that Name It was a fair and large Church of an ancient Building and within a large Church-yard There be many rich Merchants and other rich Tradesmen in that Parish chiefly Salters and Ironmongers In this are divers Monuments of worthy persons There are also Seven shillings three pence given to the Poor every Sunday throughout the year in ready money besides Bread and other Gifts according to the Wills and Dispositions of Sir Richard Champion and Alderman Heardson with Coals given besides at certain times One man hath given yearly on Ox to be distributed by a quarter thereof quarterly and a Peck of Oat-meal therewithall to the Poor But so ordered that they that have the quarter of Beef and Peck of Oatmeal at one
Zeal of the King was as he said himself so astonished That he could not tell what to say But after some pause said That he thought at this present for some entrance to be had it were good to practise with the City of London because the Number of the Poor there are very great and the Citizens also very many and wise and he doubted not but they were also both pitiful and merciful as the Mayor and his Brethren and other the Worshipful of the said City And that if it would please the Kings Majesty to direct His Gracious Letters unto the Mayor of London willing him to call unto him such Assistants as he should think meet to consult of this matter for some Order to be taken therein he doubted not but good would follow thereon and he himself promised the King to be one himself that should earnestly travel therein The King forthwith not only Granted his Letter but made the Bishop tarry until the same was written and his Hand and Signet set thereto and commanded the Bishop not only to deliver the said Letter himself but also to signifie unto the Mayor that it was the Kings especial Request and express Commandment that the Mayor should therein travel and so soon as he might conveniently give him knowledge how far he had proceeded therein The Bishop was so joyous at the having this Letter that now he had occasion to travel in so good a matter wherein he was marvellous zealous that nothing could have more pleased and delighted him wherefore the same Night he came to the Lord Mayor of London who was then Sir Richard Dobbs Kt. and delivered the King's Letter and shewed his Message with effect The Lord Mayor not only joyfully received this Letter but with all speed agreed to set the matter forward for he also favoured it very much And the next day being Monday he desired the Bishop of London to dine with him and against that time the Mayor promised to send for such men as he thought meetest to talk of this matter and so he did He sent first for two Aldermen and six Commoners and afterwards more were appointed to the number of 24. In the end after sundry Meetings for by the means and good diligence of the Bishop it was well followed they agreed upon a Book that they had devised wherein first they considered on Nine special kinds and sorts of poor People and those they brought into these Three degrees 1. The Poor by Impotency 2. The Poor by Casualty 3. The Thriftless Poor 1. The Poor by Impotency are also divided into three kinds viz. 1. The Fatherless Poor Mans Child 2. The Aged Blind and Lame 3. The Diseased Person by Leprosie Dropsie c. 2. The Poor by Casualty are likewise of 3 kinds that is to say 1. The Wounded Soldier 2. The Decayed Housholder 3. The Visited with any grievous Disease 3. The Thriftless Poor are three kinds in like manner viz. 1. The Rioter that consumeth all 2. The Vagabond that will abide in no place 3. The Idle Person as Strumpets and others For these three sorts of Poor three several Houses were provided 1. For the Innocent and Fatherless which is the Beggars Child and is indeed the Seed and Breeder of Beggary they provided the House that was the late Gray-Fryers in London and called it by the Name of Christs-Hospital where poor Children are trained up in the knowledge of God and some virtuous Exercises to the overthrow of Beggary For the 2 Degree was provided the Hospitals of St. Thomas in Southwark and St. Bartholomew in West-Smithfield where are continually at least 200 Diseased Persons which are not only there lodged and Cured but also fed and nourished For the 3 Degree they provided Bridewell where the Vagabond and idle Strumpet is chastised and compelled to labour to the overthrow of the vicious life of Idleness They provided also for the honest decayed Housholder that he should be relieved at home at his House and in the Parish where he dwelt by a Weekly Relief and Pension And in like manner they provided for the Lazer or Leprous Person to keep him out of the City from Clapping of Dishes and Ringing of Bells to the great trouble of the Citizens and also to the dangerous Infection of many that they should be relieved at home at their Houses by several Pensions Now after this good Order taken to the Eternal Honour of this Noble City and the Citizens willing to further the same the Report thereof was made to the King And His Majesty for the Advancement thereof was not only willing to grant such as should be Overseers and Governors of the said Houses a Corporation and Authority for the Government of them but also required that he might be accounted as the Chief Founder and Patron thereof And for the furtherance of the said Work and continual maintenance of the same He of his meer Mercy and Goodness granted that whereas before certain Lands were given to the maintaining of the House of the Savoy founded by King Henry VII for the Lodging of Pilgrims and Strangers and that the same was now made but a Lodging for Loyterers Vagabonds and Strumpets that lay all day in the Fields and at night were harboured there the which was rather the maintenance of Beggary than any Relief to the Poor gave the same Lands being first surrendred by the Master and Fellows there which Lands were of the yearly value of 600 l. unto the City of London for the maintenance of the Foundation aforesaid And for a further Relief a Petition being made to the King's Majesty for a Licence to take in Mortmaine or otherwise without Licence Lands to a certain yearly value and a space left in the Patent for His MAJESTY to put in what Sum He pleased He looked on the void place called for Pen and Ink and with His own Royal Hand wrote this Sum 4000 Marks by the year which is 2666 l. 13 s. 4 d. and with the former 600 l. makes in all 3266 l. 13 s. 4 d. and then said in the hearing of his Council Lord I yield thee most hearty thanks that thou hast given me life thus long to finish this work to the Glory of thy Name After which Foundation established he lived not above two days whose life would have been wished equal to the Patriarchs if it had pleased God so to have prolonged it He dyed at Greenwich the 6th of July Anno 1553. He was in Body beautiful of a sweet Aspect and specially in his Eyes which seemed to have a starry liveliness and lustre in them For his pregnancy of Wit and Knowledge in all kinds of Learning Cardan who coming into England had often conference with him reporteth of him that he was extraordinary skilful in Languages and in the Politicks well seen in Philosophy and in Divinity and generally indeed a very Miracle of Art and Nature He would answer Ambassadors sometimes upon the sudden either in
together six Dishes each Meal The Moveables of this Wardrobe are at length divided into three parts whereof the Yeoman hath one for his own use the Grooms another and the Pages the third In the Office of the Tents Soyls Hayes and Pavilions are two Masters four Yeomen one Groom one Clerk Comptroller and one Clerk of the Tents The Master of the Revels is to order all things concerning Comedies c. there is one Yeoman one Groom Engraver Sculptor one in each Office In the Office of the Robes besides the Master above-mentioned there is one Yeoman three Grooms one Page two Purveyors one Brusher one Taylor one Dyer one Girdler one Clerk one Lace-man one Cutter and Racer two Embroiderers two Silkmen one Shoemaker one Perfumer one Feather-maker one Millener one Mercer one Hosier one Draper one Surveyor c. Falconer with Thirty three Officers under him Master of the Buck-Hounds with a Sergeant and Thirty four persons under him Master of the Otter-Hounds Master of the Harriers and five under him Master of the Ordnance a Lieutenant and Master Armorer with Seventeen Under-Officers Messengers of the Chamber in Ordinary two Clerks of the Check and Forty more in all Forty two Musitians in Ordinary Sixty two Trumpeters and Kittle-Drummers Fifteen Drummers and Fifes Seven Apothecaries Two one for the King's Person and one for the Houshold Chyrurgeoâ—s two Bâ—rbers two Printers three besides one for the Oriental Tongues Bookseller Stationer and Book-binder Silâ—man Woollen-Draper and two Taylors Post-Masters for all the Port-Towns in England all sworn to and paid by the King A Master of the Game of Cock-fighting One Sergeant Skinner who hath the care of His Majesties Furrs Two Embroiderers Two Keepers of the Privy Lodging Two Gentlemen and one Yeoman of the Bows One Cross-Bow-maker One Fletcher One Cormorant-Keeper One Hand-Gun-maker One Master and Marker of Tennis One Mistriss Semstress and one Laundress One Perspective-Maker One Master-Fencer One Haberdasher of Hats One Comb-maker One Sergeant Painter One Painter One Limner One Picture-Drawer One Silver-Smith One Goldsmith One Jeweller One Peruque-maker One Keeper of Pheasants and Turkies Joyner Copier of Pictures Watch-maker Cabinet-maker Lock-Smith of each one Game of Bears and Bulls one Master one Sergeant one Yeoman Two Operators for the Teeth Two Coffer-bearers for the Back-stairs One Yeoman of the Leash Fifty five Watermen Vpholsterer Letter-Carrier Foreign-Post Coffee-maker of each one Ten Officers beionging to Gardens Bowling-Greens Tennis-Court Pall-Mall Keeper of the Theatre at Whitehall Cutler Spurrier Girdler Corn-cutter Button-maker Embosser Enameler of each one Writer Flourisher and Embellisher Scenographer or Designer of Prospects Letter-Founder of each one Comedians Seventeen Men and Eight Women Actors Gunner Gilder Cleanser of Pictures Scene-keeper Coffer-maker Wax-chandler of each one Keeper of Birds and Fowl in St. James's Park one Keeper of the Volery Coffee-club-maker Sergeant-Painter of each one with divers other Officers and Servants under the Lord Chamberlain to serve His Majesty upon occasion Many of which Offices and Places are of good Credit and great Profit and enjoyed by Persons of Quality As to the Officers under the Master of the Horse there are Twelve Querries so called of the French Escayer derived from Escury a Stable Their Office is to attend the King on Hunting or Progress or on any occasion of Riding abroad to help His Majesty up and down from his Horse c. Four of these are called Querries of the Crown-Stable and the others are called Querries of the Hunting-Stable The Fee to each of these is only 20 l. yearly according to the ancient Custom but they have allowance for Diet to each 100 l. yearly besides Lodgings and two Horse-Liveries Next is the chief Avener from Avena Oats whose yearly Fee is 40 l. There is moreover one Clerk of the Stable four Yeomen-Riders four Child-Riders Yeomen of the Stirrup Sergeant-Marshal and Yeomen-Farriers four Groom-Farriers Sergeants of the Carriage three Surveyors a Squire and Yeomen-Sadlers four Yeomen-Granators four Yeomen-Purveyors a Yeoman-Peckman a Yeoman-Bitmaker four Coach-men eight Litter-men a Yeoman of the Close Wagon Sixty four Grooms of the Stable whereof 30 are called Grooms of the Crown Stable and Thirty four of the Hunting and Pad-Stable Twenty six Footmen in their Liveries to run by the King ' s Horse All these Places are in the Gift of the Master of the Horse There is besides these an antient Officer called Clerk of the Market who within the Verge of the King's Houshold is to keep a Standard of all Weights and Measures and to burn all that are false From the Pattern of this Standard all the Weights and Measures of the Kingdom are to be taken There are divers other considerable Officers not Subordinate to the Three Great Officers as the Master of the great Wardrobe Post-Master Master of the Ordinance Warden of the Mint c. Upon the King are also attending in his Court the Lords of the Privy-Council Secretaries of State the Judges the College of Civilians the King's Council at Law the King's Serjeants at Law the Masters of Requests Clerks of the Signet Clerks of the Council Keeper of the Paper-Office or Papers of State c. There is always a Military Force to preserve the King's Person which are His Guards of Horse and Foot The Guards of Horse are in Number 600 Men well Armed and Equipped who are generally Young Gentlemen of considerable Families who are there made fit for Military Commands They are divided into Three Troops viz. The King's Troop distinguished by their Blew Ribbons and Carbine Belts their Red Hooses and Houlster-Caps Embroidered with His Majesties Cypher and Crown The Queens Troops by Green Ribbons Carbine Belts covered with Green Velvet and Gold Lace also Green Hooses and Houster Caps Embroidered with the same Cypher and Crown And the Dukes Troop by Yellow Ribbons and Carbine Belts and Yellow Hooses Embroidered as the others In which Troops are 200 Gentlemen besides Officers Each of these Three Troops is divided into Four Squadrons or Divisions Two of which consisting of one hundred Gentlemen and Commanded by one Principal Commissioned Officer two Brigadiers and two Sub-Brigadiers with two Trumpets mount the Guards one day in six and are Relieved in their turns Their Duty is always by Parties from the Guard to attend the Person of the KING the Queen the Duke and the Dutchess wheresoever they go near home but if out of town they are attended by Detachments out of the said Three Troops Besides this there is a more strict Duty and Attendance Wâ—â—â—ly on the KING's Person on Foot wheresoever He walks from His Rising to His going to Bed by one of the three Captains who always waits immediatly next the KING 's own Person before all others carrying in his hand an Ebony-staff or Truncheon with a Gold head Engraved with His MAJESTIES Cyper and Crown Near him also attends a Principal Commissioned Officer with an Ebony-staff and Silver head who is ready to Relieve the
sorts of Weapons for War than they drew out of these only such able Men as had White Harness and them all to appear in White Coats with Breeches and white Caps and Feathers and because Notice was given that the King himself would see them Muster they all prepared to appear as splendidly as they could and to that end the Lord Mayor Aldermen Recorder and Sheriffs and all who had been Sheriffs had all white Harness and over that Coats of black Velvet with the Arms of the City Embroidered thereon each one a great Gold Chain and Mounted on a goodly Horse with rich Trappings on their Heads Velvet Caps in their Hands Battle-Axes gilt Each Alderman and the Recorder had four Halberdiers in white Silk or else Buff-Coats waiting on them with gilt Halberds and the Lord Mayor and sixteen tall men apparrelled in white Sattin Doublets Caps and Feathers Chains of Gold and other Gorgeous Attire with long gilt Halberds following his Lordship at a distance But next to him he had four Footmen in white Sattin then two Pages cloathed in Crimson-Velvet and Cloath of Gold riding on Gallant Horses richly furnisht one of them carrying the Lord Mayors Helmet and the other his Pole-Ax both richly gilt and adorn'd Most of the Citizens of any Quality or Office were in white Sattin or white Silk Coats with Chains of Gold and some with rich Jewels what the Number of Men in Arms was is not recorded but it may be guessed at by what follows They Mustered in Mile-end-Fields and before Nine of the Clock in the Morning began to March entring at Aldgate in excellent order down to Westminster where the King and Court stood to view them passing by thence they Marched about St. James's-Park so through Holborn up to Leaden-Hall and there Disbanded immediately and yet this was not done till five of the Clock in the Evening which was Eight hours continual March At His Majesties Return to his Government there were in London and the Liberties six Regiments of Trained-Bands and six Regiments of Auxiliaries and one Regiment of Horse these thirteen Regiments about six Weeks before his Majesties arrival Mustered in Hyde-Park being then drawn out for promoting and securing his Majesties Return These twelve Regiments of Foot were 18000 Men compleat Eight of these Regiments had seven Companies in each and the other four had six Companies in each in all Eighty Companies The Regiment of Horse of six Troops and 100 in each Troop this considerable Army drawn together before the 20 th of May was Judged to be highly useful for facilitating that great Work Some Months after the King sent to the City a Commission of Lieutenancy appointing several persons as his Lieutenants in London giving them the same power that the Lords Lieutenants have in their respective Counties and in pursuance of that Commission the Regiments were new settled There were six Regiments of Train-Bands commanded by six Citizens Knights and their Lieutenant-Colonels were all Knights and there were six Regiments of Auxiliaries In all these twelve Regiments were 20000 Men then were listed two Regiments of Horse each consisting of five Troops in all 800 Horse these were all Drawn into Hide-Park where His Majesty was pleas'd to take a view of them But in case of need it is certain that in London and within the Liberty there may in few days be raised 400000 Men Besides Southwark one Regiment of Train'd-Bands 1500 Men The Hamlets of the Tower two Regiments in all 3000 Men then Holborn Regiment and Westminster Regiment 2000 each and in case of necessity they can raise 20000 more that is in all 66500 Men and in case of absolute need they can double that Number and yet leave enough to manage Trade c. To demonstrate this we shall look back into former times when London was far less populous and of less dimensions then Now and produce what we find Recorded of its Military power Stow in his Survey p. 85. saith that Anno 1539 31. H. VIII a great Muster was made of the Citizens on the 8 th of May at Mile-end all in bright Harness with Coats of white Silk or Cloath and Chains of Gold in three great Battels to the Number of 15000 which passed through London to Westminster and round St. James's Park and so home through Holborn This was for the Midsummer Watch which custom was discontinued till 1548. 2 E. 6. and then revived with an Addition of above 300 Demi-Laâ—ces and light Horsemen prepared by the City for Scotland for the Relief of the Town of Haddington kept by the English The like Marching Watch hath not been used since though some attempts have been made in order to its continuation as Anno 1585. A Book was written by a grave Citizen Mr. John Mâ—ntgomery Dedicated to Sir Thomas Pullison then Lord Mayor and the Aldermen containing the Manner and Order of a Marching-Watch on the accustomed way wherein he used this Motive That Artificers of sundry sorts were thereupon set to Work none but rich men charged poor men helped old Souldiers Trumpets Drummers Fifes and Ensign-beâ—rers with such like men meet for the Princes Service kept in ure wherein theâ— safety and defence of every Common-Wealth consisteth Armor and Weapons being yearly used thereby the Citizens had of their own ready prepared for any need whereas by intermission hereof Armourers are out of Work Souldiers out of ure Weapons over-grown withfoulness few or none good being provided c. Mr. Howel in his Londinopolis Printed 1657. Writes thus p. 398. For strength Defensive and Offensive for Arms of all sorts for Artillery Amunition for Arsenals and Docks on both sides the River for Castles and Block-houses c. London is not inferiour to any she hath 12000 Trained-Band Citizens perpetually in a Readiness excellently Armed c. The City of London hath sent out strong Fleets in former times to scoure and secure the Four Seas from Depredations and Pyracy Anno 1293 She was able to set forth a Fleet of 95 Ships Another Record shews that in King Stephens Reign the City raised 60000 Foot and 20000 Horse for Land Service which is about 500 years ago No place is better furnished with Magazines of Corn and Arms against a Famine for besides that at Leadeâ—-Hall and the Bridge-House How many Halls have Store-Houses of this kind By the Computation of humane Souls in this great City may be guessed what Military force may be raised of which the said Author says thus In the year 1636. King Charles the First sending to the Lord Mayor to make a Scrutiny what Number of Papists and Strangers were in the City the Lord Mayor Sir Edward Bromfield took occasion thereby to make a cense or computation of all the people and there were of Men Women and Children above 700000 that lived within the Bars of his Jurisdiction alone and this being so long ago viz. 45 years 't is judged by all probable computation that London hath more by a third
Chief 37. MARBLERS The Company call'd the Marblers or Sculpters are in one Fraternity with the Masons yet they have a different Coat viz. a Chevron between two and a Mallet Argent 38. WOOL-PACKERS There was a Company of Wool-packers in the time of the Hans when the Staple of Wool flourished their Coat Azure a Wool-sack Argent 39. FARRIERS Had their rise from Henry de Ferraris a Norman who was Master of the Horse to the Conqueror who gave him the honour of Tutbury the first preferment of the Ferrars Their Arms three Horse-shoos Azure 40. PAVIOVRS This is an ancient Company their Coat Argent a Chevron between three Rummers Sable 41. LORINORS Their Arms are Gules on a Chevron Argent three Horse-Combs 'twixt three Roses Argent 42. BROWN-BAKERS Incorporated 19 Jacobi their Arms Gules a hand issuing out of the Clouds a chief Barry wavie Or and Azure on a Chevron Gules 43. WOOD-MONGERS Incorporated 3 Jacobi Their Coat Argent a Chevron 'twixt three Faggots Sable 44. VPHOLSTERS or VPHOLDERS Their Arms Sable three Tents Gules on a Chevron Or three Tents of the second 45. TVRNERS Incorporated 2 Jacobi Their Coat Azure a Katharine-wheel Argent 46. GLAZIERS Their Arms two Crosiers Salterways Sable four Sprigs on a Chief Gules a Lyon passant Gardant Or. 47. CLARKS The Company of Clarks called Parish-Clarks is ancient and stand Register'd in the Books of Guild-Hall They were incorporated 17 H. 3. Their Arms Azure a Flower-de-luce Or on a Chief Gules a Leopards head 'twixt two Books Or. 48. WATER-MEN Have for their Arms barry waive of six Azure and Argent a Lighter proper on a chief Gules a pair of Oars Salterways 'twixt two Cushions Or. 49. APOTHECARYES This Company having separated themselves from the ancient Society of the Grocers grew so much in favour with King James that he used to call them his Company and therefore gave them a Charter of Incorporation the 15 th of his Reign Amongst many worthy Members of this Company I may not forget Dr. Gideon De Laune Apothecary to King James a man noted for many singularities in his time a great Benefactor to to the Publick and particularly to the Foundation of the Apothecaries-Hall in Black-Fryars where his Statue in white Marble is to be seen to this day And to whom I have the honour to be nearly related which is not the Reason that I mention him but to perpetuate his Memory as well as others as his due desert he liv'd piously to the age of 97 years and worth notwithstanding his many acts of publick and private piety near as many thousand pounds as he was years having 37 Children by one Wife and about 60 Grand-children at his Funeral His famous Pill is in great request to this day notwithstanding the Swarms of pretenders to Universal Pill-making This little digression I hope will not be offensive 50. SILK-THROWERS This Company was made a Fellowship of this City 19 Jacobi and Incorporated by the name of the Master Wardens Assistants and Commonalty of the Trade or Mystery of Silk-throwers of the City of London 13 April 5 Car. 1. Besides these there are several other Societies of which more hereafter These Corporations or Bodies-Politick have all their stately spacious Halls as was said with Clerks and other Ministerial Officers to attend them when they meet to consult about the regulation of their respective Societies and for promoting publick Good and advancement of Trade and Wealth as also when they meet at their sumptuous and splendid Feasts And in this London surpasseth all other Cities The Arms of LONDON To conclude our Heraldry the Arms of this Illustrious City shall bring up the Rear as well as it has been placed in the Front It is Argent Cross Gules with the Sword of St. Paul not Sir William Wallworth's Dagger as some have conceited for this Coat did belong to the City before the said Sir William Walworth Lord Mayor slew the Rebel Wat Tyler as learned Antiquaries Affirm The Oath of a Freeman YE shall Swear that ye shall be good and true to our Soveraign Lord King Charles the Second and to the Heirs of our said Soveraign Lord the King Obeysant and Obedient ye shall be to the Mayor and Ministers of this City the Franchises and Customs thereof ye shall maintain and this City keep harmless in that which in you is Ye shall be contributary to all manner of charges within this City as Summons Watches Contributions Taxes Tallages Lot and Scot and to all charges bearing your part as a Freeman ought to do Ye shall colour no Forreigners Goods under or in your Name whereby the King or this City might or may lose their customs or advantages Ye shall know no Foreigner to buy or sell any Merchandize with any Foreigner within this City or Franchise thereof but ye shall warn the Chamberlain thereof or some Minister of the Chamber Ye shall implead or sue no Freeman out of this City whiles ye may have Right and Law within the same City Ye shall take none Apprentice but if he be Free-born that is to say no Bondmands Son nor the Son of any Alien and for no less term than for seven Years without fraud or deceit and within the first Year ye shall cause him to be inrolled or else pay such Fine as shall be reasonably imposed upon you for omitting the same And after his terms end within convenient time being required ye shall make him Free of this City if he have well and truly served you Ye shall also keep the King's Peace in your own person Ye shall know no Gatherings Conventicles or Conspiracies made against the Kings Peace but ye shall warn the Mayor thereof or let it to your power All these points and Articles ye shall well and truly keep according to the Laws and Customs of this City to your power so God you help c. Of the Guild-Hall PAge 160. The Reader was referred to what should be spoken about the great Guild-Hall to the Chapter of Government where an account has been given of the several Courts there therefore there is no need of further addition here as to that only we shall briefly remark its Antiquity Fabian says that this Hall was begun to be built New Anno 1411. 12 H. 4. By Sir Thomas Knolles then Lord Mayor and his Brethren the Aldermen and made a large and great House 1 H. 6. The Executors of Sir Richard Whittington gave towards the paving of this great Hall 20 l. and next year 15 l. more to the said pavement with hard stone of Purbeck they also Glazed the Windows thereof and of the Lord Mayors Court on every of which the Arms of Sir Richard Whittington were placed The Foundation of the Mayors Court was laid 3. H. 6. and of the Porch on the South-side of the Court Then were built the Lord Mayors Chamber the Councel-Chamber and other Rooms above stairs The New Councel-Chamber a very good and honourable Deed with
The Privy Council sollicit the King to suppress this Rebellion by force of Arms who thereupon draws his Army to Greenwich and appointed divers Lords to assail the Rebels but the Lords could get no Followers to fight against them who sought only for reformation of Abuses and for punishment of such Traytors as the Lord Say the King's Chamberlain was Whereupon the Lord Say was committed to the Tower the King and Queen retire to London from thence within two days the King being now 15000 strong marches in person towards Captain Mend-all who politickly withdraws his Forces to Sevenoke-wood Upon notice whereof the King retireth again to London but the Queen longing for dispatch sends the two Staffords Sir Humphrey and William with many Hot-spurs in the Court to follow the Rebels who were soon cooled for they found Captain Mend-all in good order ready to receive them and in the first Encounter slew Sir Humphrey and afterwards his Brother with many others and put all the rest to flight The King's Forces being at Black-Heath could neither by Threats not Intreaties be gotten to rescue them but rather wished the Queen and her Favourites in the Staffords Case or that the Duke of York were in England to aid his Cousin Mortimer now first acknowledged to be of his Kindred and many of them stole away to the Rebels whose Number from â—â—ssex and Surrey daily increased whom yet theiâ— Captain restrained from all outrageous actions 〈…〉 with them to Black-Heath where the King's Army lay the Night before but now was fallen down to Greenwich Then was the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Dake of Buckingham sent to expostulate with the Rebels about their Demands to whom Jack Cade gave very good language but said directly That he would yield to no Cessation of Arms unless the King in person would hear the Grievances of his Subjects and pass his Princely Word for the Reformation of their Wrongs This Resolution of his being made known to the King who had no assurance of his own Soldiers made him march presently to Killingworth Castle in Warwickshire which he fortified Cade marches to Southwark commanding his men to commit no Outrage and not to wrong any person which they obey'd The next morning he marches to London-bridge and so into the City by London-stone where he struck his Sword saying Now is Mortimer Lord of London He then commands all Lombards Merchant-Strangers Genoeses Venetians Florentines and others to send him 12 Harnesses complete 24 Brigandines 12 Battle-Axes 12 Glaves six Horses completely furnished with Saddles and Bridles c. and 1000 Marks ready money or he would cut off the Heads of as many of them as he could catch All which was immediately sent him The next day he causes the Lord Say's Head to be cut off in Cheapside as also his Son-in-laws Sir James Cromer High-Sheriff of Kent uext day he causes some of his Fellows to be Executed for some Disorders against his Proclamation fined Persons at pleasure and beheaded others But the Citizens finding his Insolency to increase intolerably with a select Party encounter them on the Bridge through whom Cade sorced his passage and fired several Houses In this Bickering several persons were slain and in a little time the Citizens by the aid of fresh Supplies recover'd the Bridge again and drove the Rebels beyond a place then called the Stoop in Southwark Cade set all Prisoners in the Prisons there at Liberty as well Felons as Debtors But the generality of the Rebels grew weary so that upon notice of the King's Proclamation and assurance of Pardon they dropt away to their several Habitations Cade afterwards attempting to raise New Troubles was because he resisted when he was to be apprehended kill'd by one Mr. Alexander Eden a Kentish Gentleman his Body was brought to London where he was quartered and his Head set upon London-bridge Of 800 of these Rebels that were found Guilty eight only were Executed The Story of Evil-May-Day Anno 1517 9 H. 8. is so remarkable that old men formerly were wont to reckon their Age from that day The occasion was briefly thus Several Artificers of Foreign Parts repaired to London which disgusted the multitude who complaiued That their Selling of Wares and Exercising of Handicrafts impoverished the Kings own Subjects and were born out of England and that they had offered many great Insolencies and Wrongs to the English particularly one Williamson a Carpenter of London bought two Pidgeons in Cheapside and as he was about to pay for them a Frenchman snatcht them out of his hand saying They were no meat for a Carpenter This begat a Contest and by the French Ambassador's means who aggravated the matter the Carpenter was imprison'd c. These and such like Insolencies provoked one John Lincoln to draw them up in Form of a Bill and persuaded Dr. Beale on Easter Tuesday at the Spittle to read it openly in the Pulpit which occasion'd these Foreigners to be very severely handled and oftentimes knockt down in the streets At last one Evening many Prentices and others assembling rifled some Strangers houses and much mischief was like to be done but by the care of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen c many of ehe Rioters were committed to Prison whereof Lincoln and twelve others were hanged 400 more in their Shirts bound with Ropes and Halters about their Necks were carried to VVestminster but crying Mercy Mercy were all pardoned by the King which Clemency got him much Love To describe all the particular tumultuous Disorders of Apprentices and others would swell this Manual too much and I would rather they should be forgotten than any more be brought into Example and therefore at present they are omitted In the Year 1629. 5 Car. 1. about the month of July there hapned a great Fray in Fleet-street upon the Rescue of one Captain Bellingham an Officer in the Expedition to the Isle of Rhee which was attempted by some Students in the Temple wherein some were hurt and some carried to Prison but this drew together many of the Gentlemen to rescue the Prisoner who made a Barricade against St. Dunstans Church and beat back the Sheriffs Officers and released their Friends of which the Lord Mayor being inform'd he and the Sheriffs with some of the Trained-Bâ—nds came thither to keep the Peace and disperse the Causers of the Tumult who were increased by that time to the Number of 500 and armed with Swords and Pistols The Lord Mayor made Proclamation That on pain of Rebeâ—lion they should dissolve themselves but prevail'd not He then try'd other means and the Soldiers fired their Muâ—que◠〈◊〉 them Charged witâ— Powder onely but the Gentlemen provoked at this shot Bullets and very furiously attaqued the Trained-Bands killed five outright and wounded near One hundred yet the City Soldiers were so reinforced that in the end the Gentlemen were subdued and one Ashhurst and Stamford two Captains with some others were taken and committed The King was
of Trade and Shop-keepers which are towards the Street whereas if they were as is usual in Italy and elsewhere built towards the great and principal streets no City in the whole World could go beyond it for beauty and magnificence Near the Bridge of London where this Dreadful Fire began is now erected as was ordered by Act of Parliament a Pillar in perpetual Memory of that great Incendium It is of the Dorick Order 175 Foot high from the Superficies of the Ground and 15 Foot Diameter all of solid Portland-stone with a fair Stair-case in the middle of black Marble and a large Iron Balcony at the top from whence a man may have a gallant prospect of all the City and Country this is commonly called the MONVMENT the Pedestal is likewise all of Portland-stone and is 21 Foot square and 40 Foot high Carved with most exquisite and significant resemblances or figures to the Street-side and on the other sides it bears these Inscriptions carv'd in large Letters Anno Christi MDCLXVI Die IV Nonas Septembris Hinc in orientem pedum CCII intervallo quae est hujusce Columnae Altitudo Erupit de media nocte incendium quod vento spirante hausit etiam longinqua partes per omnes populabundum ferebatur cum impetu fragore incredibili XXCIX Templa Portas Praetorium Aedes publicas Ptochotrophia Scholas Bibliothecas Insularum magnum Numerum Domuum CMâ— 00 00 00 CC vicos CD absumpsit De XXVI Regionibus XV funditus Delevit alias VIII laceras semiustas reliquit Vrbis Cadaver ad CDXXXVI jugerae hinc ab aree per Tamisis ripam ad Templariorum Fanum illinc ab Euro Aquilonali porta secundum Muros ad Fossae Fletanae Caput porrexit adversus opes Civium fortunas infestum erga vitas innocuum Vt per omnia referret supremam illam mundi exustionem Velox Clades fuit exiguum tempus eandem vidit Civitatem florentissimam nullam Tertio Die cum jam plane evicerat humana Consilia subsidia omnia Caelitus ut par est credere Jussus stetit fatalis ignis quaquaversum elanguit On another side CAROLO II C. Mart. F. Mag. Brit. Fran. Hib. Rex Fid. D. Princeps clementissimus miseratus luctuosam rerum faciem plurima fumantibus iam tum ruinis in solatium Civium Vrbis suae Ornamentum providit Tributum remisit preces ordinis popu li Londinensis retulit ad Regni Senatum qui continuo decrevit uti publica opera pecunia publica ex vectigali Carbonis fossilis oriunda in Meliorem formam restituerentur Vtique aedes sacrae D. Pauli Templum a fundamentis omni Magnificentia extruerentur Pontes Portae Carceres Novi fierent Emundarentur alvei Vici ad Regulam responderent Clivi Complanarentur Aperirentur Angiportus fora Macella in Areas sepositas eliminarentur Censuit etiam uti singulae Domus Muris integerinis concluderentur Vniversae in frontem pari altitudine consurgerent omnesque parietes saxo quadrato aut â—octo latere solidarentur Vtique Nemini liceret ulâ—ra septennium aedificando immorari Adhaec lites de terminis orituras lege lata praescidit adjecit quoque supplicationes annuas ad aeternam posterorum Memoriam H. C. P. C. Festinatur Vndique Resurgit Londinum Majori celeritate an splendore incertum Vnum triennium absolvit quod seculi opus credebatur Incepta Richardo Forde Equ Praetore Lond. A. D. MDCLXXI Perducta altius Geo. Waterman Eq. Prae. Roberto Hanson Eq. Prae Guliel Hooker Eq. Prae. Roberto Viner Eq. Prae. Josepho Sheldon Eq. Prae. Perfecta Thoma Davies Eq. Prae. Urb. Anno Dom. MDCLXXVII The substance of these Elegant Latine Inscriptions is a brief account of the Fire and the Devastation it made its swiftness and stop His Majesties gracious care for the rebuilding of it the Tribute laid upon Coals for the building of Churches and other publick structures c. the regularity uniformity and Model of the New Buildings And that all should build in seven years the Act for erecting a Judicature as before-mentioned concluding that it is a doubt whether the Resurrection of London be with greater â—elerity or splendor since three years compleated what was Judged to be the work of an Age. This was begun Sir Richard Ford being Lord Mayor 1671 raised higher Sir Geo. Waterman Knight Sir Robert Hansen Knight Sir Will. Hooker Knight Sir Robert Viner Knight Sir Joseph Sheldon Knight Lord Mayors finished Sir Thomas Davies Knight Lord Mayor in the Year of our Lord 1677. So much for Fires only amongst many that may be mentioned I cannot forget a lamentable accident that happen'd to a Family to which I was nearly related one Mr. De Laune that liv'd in Lothbury a Merchant who above twenty years ago with his Wife who was then ready to lie in the Daughter of Sir Thomas Allen of Finchly and all their Family were burnt in their House there and no account but conjectures can be given how the fire came In the first year of the Reign of K. H. 7. in Autumn towards the end of September that is about 196 years ago there began and reigned in the City and other parts of the Kingdom a Diease then new which of the accidents and manner thereof they called the Sweating-sickness This Disease had a swift Course both in the sick body and in the time and period of the lasting thereof For they that were taken with it upon twenty-four hours escaping were thought almost assured And as to the time of the Malice and Reign of the Disease ere it ceased It began about the 21 st of September and clear'd up before the end of October It was a Pestilent Feaver not seated in the Veins or Humours for there followed no Carbuncle no purple or livid spots or the like the Mass of Blood or of the Body being not tainted only a malignant Vapour flew to the Heart and seizsd the Vital Spirits which stirred Nature to send it forth by an Extream sweat And it appeared by experience that this Disease was rather a surprize of Nature then obstinate to Remedies if it were in time looked into For if the Patient were kept in an equal temper both for Clothes Fire and Drink moderately warm with temperate Cordials whereby Natures work were neither irritated by heat nor turned back by cold he commonly Recovered But infinite persons dyed suddenly of it before the manner of Cure and Attendance was known It was conceived to be not an Epedemick Disease but to proceed from a Malignity in the Constitution of the Air gathered by the predispositions of Seasons and the speedy cessation declared as much The Remedy of this Disease which hapned again in the 9 th of K. H. 8. Anno 1517. and of which vast numbers died remarkable by this Circumstance that Englishmen were taken with it in any Country but no others and therefore termed by Foreigners Sudor Anglicus that is the English-sweat is
given by Polidor Virgil p. 561. Thus Quibus Rebus ita usu venit c. by which means it grew to a Custom that after a vast destruction of men by this Distemper this kind of help was found effectual If any person was taken with this Sweat by day he must go to Bed with his Cloaths on If by night and the party be in bed then he must rest and not stir for 24 hours compleat in the mean time he must be so covered as not to provoke Sweat but let it proceed of its own accord he must neither eat nor drink any thing but what will just serve to keep him alive he must not so much as put forth hand or foot to be cooled for that 's death unavoidable If the Patient observes this he is certainly cured else lost and this Disease saith he invaded only England or English-men which men at that time made portentous constructions of This Mortal Distemper was succeeded by a rageing Plague which swept away many so that the King was forced to remove his Court from one place to another By that Sweating-sickness in H. 8's time infinite multitudes of People dyed in several places of England especially in London sparing neither rich nor poor for even in the King's Court the Lord Gray of Wilton and the Lord Clinton and many Knights Gentlemen and Officers died of it The like Sweating-sickness hapned in the 20 th year of his Reign which began in London and afterwards spread it self into all parts of the Kingdom so that the Term and the Assizes were adjourned In the 20 E. 3. as Baker says p. 131. there died in London of a Plague 57374 persons In the 4 th of Queen Mary hot burning Agues and other strange Diseases took away much People So as between the 20 th of October and the last of December there died 7 Aldermen of London namely Henry Heardson Sir Richard Dobs Sir Will. Laxton Sir Henry Hobblethorn Sir John Champney Sir John Ayleph and Sir John Gresham of which some were Lord Mayors c. I find that in the 8 th of Qu. Eliz. there died in ten Months seven Aldermen of London viz. Edward Banks Richard Chamberlain Sir Martin Bowes Sir Richard Mallory Sir William Hewet Sir Thomas White and Richard Lambert one of the Sheriffs for that year In the 36 th of Qu. Eliz. there dyed of the Plague in London and the Suburbs 17890. besides the Lord Mayor and three Aldermen and Michaelmas-Term was holden at St. Albans The first of King James viz. 1602 there died in London and Liberties 38244 whereof of the Plague 30578 yet the next year though the City was increased with a great number of Strangers there died of all Diseases but 4263. There broke out likewise a great Plague in the First of King Charles the First whereof more died than in the beginning of his Fathers Reign Many other Plagues have been in the City but I shall conclude this subject with a brief account of the great Plague in 1665. In the beginning of May the Bill of Mortality mentions nine that died of the Plague and decreased the next Week to three then increased to fourteen next to seventeen next forty three and then great Persons began to retire into the Country In June the Bill increases to 112 next 168 next 267 next 470 then do many Tradesmen go into the Country and many Ministers take occasion to absent themselves from their Charge In July the Bill rises to 725 then to 1089 next 1843 next to 2010 Now most Parishes are infected a vast number of Houses shut up no Trade at all and the number of dying persons still encreasing although so many thousands left the City In Aug. the Bill rises to 2817 next 3880 next 4237 and then 6102 all which died of the Plague besides other Diseases Now there is a dismal solitude in London-streets every day looks with the face of a Sabbath observed with greater solemnity than it used to be in the City Shops are shut up very few walk about so that grass begins to spring in some places A deep silence every where no ratling of Coaches c. no calling in Customers no London Crys no noise but dying Croans and Funeral Knells c. In September the Bill rises to 6988 the next falls to 6544 but then rises again to 7165 which was the greatest Bill There were but four Parishes that were not infected and in them few tarried The next Bill falls to 5538 then to 4929 then to 4327 then to 2665 then to 1421 then to 1031. First Week in November it rises to 1414 but falls to 1050 then to 652 then to 333 and so lessened more and more to the end of the year when we had a Bill of 97306 which died of all Diseases which was 79000 more than the year before and the number of them which died of the Plague was reckoned to be 68596 that year but others say that there died of that fatal Disease in little more than a years space near 100000 persons in London and some adjacent places I shall proceed to remark briefly some few things more which are Miscellaneous Collections of my own from Divers Authors In the time of Edward the Second when the workmen were digging the Foundation of a Work about Pauls there were found more than 100 heads of Oxen which confirm'd that opinion that of old time it had been the Temple of Diana and that there was the Sacrifice of Beasts In the 3 H. 5. It is said that seven Dolphins came up the River of Thames whereof four were taken In the Fourth of Q. Mary before Harvest Wheat was sold for four Marks the Quarter Malt at 44 s. the Quarter Pease at 46 s. 8 d. Yet after Harvest Wheat was sold for 5 s. the Quarter Malt for 6 s. 8 d. Rye at 3 s. 4 d. In the Country Wheat was sold for 4 s. the Quarter Malt at 4 s. 8 d. and in some places a Bushel of Rye for a pound of Candles which was 4 d. I have read that in the Third of King James a Whale came up within eight miles of London whose body was seen divers times above water and judged to exceed the length of the largest Ship in the River but when she tasted the fresh-water and sented the Land she returned into the Sea I find recorded by divers Writers that the 17 th of July 1619 one Bernard Calvart of Andover rode from St. George's Church in Southwark to Dover and from thence passed by Barge to Callice in France and from thence returned back to St. George's Church the same day setting out about three in the Morning and returned about eight in the Evening fresh and lusty being 184 miles which was very strange In the 14 th R. 2. on Christmas-day a Dolphin was taken at London-bridge being ten Foot long and a monstrous grown Fish In the 37 H. 8. On Tuesday in Easter week William Foxely Pot-maker for the Mint