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A29941 Camera regis, or, A short view of London containing the antiquity, fame, walls, bridge, river, gates, tower, cathedral, officers, courts, customs, franchises, &c. of that renowned city / collected out of law & history and methodized for the benefit of the present inhabitants by John Brydall ... Brydall, John, b. 1635? 1676 (1676) Wing B5253; ESTC R2537 44,312 135

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both sides be houses builded so that it seemeth rather a continual street then a bridge for the fortifying whereof against the incessant assaults of the River it hath Overseers and Officers viz. Warders and others SECT IX Of the Gates of this praecellent City LEt us now come to the Gates of this City Cambden in his Britannia speakes thus of them On the West-side sayes he there be two to wit Lud gate Lud-gate of King Lud or Flud-gate as Lelandus is of opinion of a little flood running beneath it built again of Late from the very foundation New-gate and New-gate the fairest of them all so called of the newness thereof whereas before it was termed Chamber-Laugate which also is the publique Goal or Prison On the North-side are four Alders-gate Alders-gate of the Antiquity or as others would have it of Aldrich a Saxon. Criple-gate Creeple-gate of a Spittle of Lame Creeples somtimes adjoyning thereunto Moore-gate of a Moory ground hard by now turned into a field Moore-gate and pleasant walks which gate was first built by Falconer Lord Mayor in the year of our Lord 1414. Bishopsgate of a Bishop which gate the Duch Merchants of the stilyard were bound by Covenant both to repair Bishops-gate and also to defend at all times of Danger and extremity On the East side there is Ald-gate alone Ald-gate so named of the oldness or Elbe-gate as others terme it which at this present is by the Cities charge re-edifyed It is thought sayes he that there stood by the Thamis beside that on the Bridge two Gates more namely Belins-gate Belins-gate a wharfe now or a Key for the receipt of Ships and Doure-gate that is Dow-gate the Water-gate commonly called Dow-gate These Gates in Latine are called portae à portando from carrying and lifting the plough and it was upon this occasion In the building of Cities the founders thereof did usually consult with their Gods in their Augural Observations Godw. Antiq. lib. 1. sect 1. c. 7. after which observations they marked out the place where the Wall of the City should be built by plowing up the ground and because they left that space of ground unplowed lightly lifting the plow over it where they appointed the gate of the City thence à portando from carrying and lifting the plough they called the Gate Porta Both the Gates and Walls of Cities were looked upon as sacred things among the Romans for the Civil Law Text speakes thus Sanctae res veluti muri Just 9. ● ● portae Civitatis quodammodo Divini Juris sunt ideo nullius in bonis sunt Ideo autem muros sanctos dicimus quia poena capitis constituta est in eos qui aliquod in muros deliquerint Vide D. 1.8.11 Siquis muros violaverit SECT X. Of the Tower of London FOr the Description and use of this Tower we shall make bold with Cambden and Stow. The former describes it after this manner It is a most famous Cambden and goodly Citadel encompassed round with thick and strong walls full of lofty and stately Turrets fenced with a broad and deep ditch furnished also with an Armory or Magazin of Warlike Munition and other Buildings besides so as it resembleth a big Town The latter sayes thus This Tower is a Citadel to defend or command the City a Royal place for Assemblies and Treaties A Prison of estate for the most dangerous offenders Stow. the only place of Capnage for all England at this time the Armory for Warlike provision the Treasury of the Ornaments and Jewels of the Crown and general Conserver of the most antient Records of the King's Courts of Justice at Westminster The Chief Keeper of this same Fortress is stiled by the name of Constable And his Deputy is called Lieutenant of the Tower and at this very time the former officer is the Right Honourable the most loyal and valiant person James Earl of Northampton the latter is the Right worshipful and most loyal person Sir John Robinson who has been likewise Lord Mayor of London SECT XI Of the Cathedral of London THere are worthy of our notice in relation to the famous Cathedral Church of London these five things 1. The Founder of this Church Aethelbert King of Kent under whom Sebert reigned in this tract of Ground Stow as it were his vassal and by courtesie founded here a Church and Consecrated it to S. Paul and about the year of Christ 610. he gave thereto Lands and so did afterward Athelstan Edgar Edward the Confessor and others also 2. The Magnificence of its Building Anno 1086. William of Malmesbury informeth us That the beauty of St. Pauls Church is so magnificent that it deserves to be numbered in the Rank of excellent Edifices so large is that arched Vault underneath and the Church above it of such Capacity that it may seem sufficient to receive any multitude of people whatsoever 3. The Dimensions of this Fabrick in point of Longitude Latitude and Altitude St. Pauls Church sayes Cambden out of an old writer containeth in length 690. foot the breadth thereof is 130. foot the height of the west arched Roof from the ground carryeth 102. foot and the new Fabrique from the ground is 88. foot high The stone work of the steeple from the plain ground riseth in height 260. foot and the Timber frame upon the same is 274. foot high c. Stow thus the height of the Steeple was 520. foot whereof the stone work is 260. foot and the Spire was likewise 260. foot the length of the whole Church is .240 Taylers yards which makes 720. foot the breadth thereof is 130. foot and the height of the body of the Church is 150. foot 4. The Governors of this Church This Church hath a Bishop a Dean a Praecentor Stow. a Chancellor and a Treasurer five Archdeacons viz. of London of which place he that now is the Archdeacon is my ever honoured Tutor Doctor Lamplugh Dean of Rochester Prebend of Worcester and one of his Majesties Chaplains in ordinary Middlesex Essex Colchester St Albons It hath likewise 30. Prebendaries Canons 12. Vicars Corals six c. Note Stow. that the Colledge of Petty Canons there was founded by King R. II. in honor of Queen Anne his wife and of her Progenitors in 17. of his reign In the year 1408. the Petty Canons then building their Colledge the Mayor and Commonalty of this Celebrious City granted them their water courses and other easements 5. The sad Accidents that have befaln this famous Church at several times In the year 1087. this Church of St Paul was burnt with fire and therewith the most part of the City which fire began at the entry of the West-gate and consumed the East-gate Mauritius then Bishop began therefore the foundation of a new Church of St Pauls In the year 1444. the Steeple of Pauls was fired by Lightning in