but sixe leagues from Seuile resolued to yeeld themselues to King Fernand supposing that if they did protract it any longer they were vndone The city being enuironed and al passages stopt so as there could no victuals enter they were daily in fight both by land and sea where the Moores were most annoyed and therefore they had a great desire to burne the nauy but they found good resistance Hee amongst the commanders which did most feats of armes was D. Pelayo Perez Correa maister of the Order of Saint Iames and of the Knights Garcia Perez de Vargas of Toledo Whilst they were busie about this siege of Seuile the Infant D. Alphonso of Castille was in the realme of Murcia where he sought to take the towne of Xatiua which is not farre from Valencia hauing already seized vpon Enguerra but the King D. Iaime his father in law crossed his conquests saying that the attempted vpon his right for that Xatiua and other neighbour places belonged vnto him according to the last lymitation And for that the Infant D. Alphonso did not retire his forces the King of Arragon tooke Villena and Saix in the country of Castille the which were held by the knights of Calatraua and from the Moores he tooke Capdetes and Burgarra places belonging to the conquest of Castille These differences being like to cause greater troubles some great personages interposed themselues procuring the father in law and the sonne to meet at Almizra where they reconciled them yet the King of Arragon shewed himselfe very strict against D. Alphonso refusing to giue him leaue to conquer Xatiua the which hee promised to hold in doury to his wife Yoland There they did assigne the lands which should belong to either Realme Conâ—â—nes of Mâ—rcia and Valence appointing for the fronter to Murcia against Valencia Almança Sarazul and the riuer Cabriuol and to Valencia Castralla Biar Saxona Alarch Finestrat Torres Polop La Meâ—le lez d' Aquas and Altea with their confines The mediators of this accord were the maister of Saint Iames the Prior of the Templers and D. Diego Lopes de Haro who returned with the Infant D. Alphonso of Castille and all their troupes to the campe before Seuile where the King of Granado arriued also wel accompanied and there were some succors sent from the King of Arragon at this siege there were great and dayly skyrmishes especially about a bridge of boates which was betwixt the city and the Bourg of Triana vpon the riuer of Guadaâ—quibir the which in the end was broken by the Christians hauing taken the oportunity of a great and violent winde in the which they let slippe two great boates the which came with such violence as they brake the bonds wherewith the bridge was tied the which did wonderfully amaze the Moores This great city was so straightly besieged as they began to want victuals and therefore doubting they should not be able to defend it long they demanded a composition the which was granted them vpon these conditions That the city should be deliuered vnto the King D. Fernand and that all the Moores that would should depart with their goods to whom there was left for a retreat the townes of Saint Lucar Aznalfarache and Niebla Seuile yeelded to King Fernand and for that they should haue time to depart the King nor his garrisons should not enter but a month after the making of this accord and in the mean time the fort or castle of the city should be deliuered vnto the King According to these Articles there went out of Seuile aboue a 100000. Moores of all ages and sexes which past into Affrike besides such as remained in Andalusia and Granado Thus the King D. Fernand got this goodly great city in the yeere 1248. hauing continued his siege sixteene monthes An. 1248. it was not commanded by any King but only by a Gouernor called Axataf The first thing the King did was to prouide for matters of religion He went in a â—ollemne procession to the great Mesguide the which was clensed and hallowed and a Masse song by D. Guttiere elect Archbishop of Toledo successor to D. Iohn deceased D. Raymond Lozana was chosen Archbishop of that church the king resoluing to enrich it with great reuenues like vnto the rest The greatest personages which were at this siege with the king D. Fernand were his children D. Alphonso D. Frederic and D. Henry D. Guttiere Archbishop of Toledo hee of Saint Iames called D. Iohn Arias D. Garcia Bishop of Cordoua D. Sancho bishop of Coria with other Prelats and Clergy men as D. Pelayo Peres Correa the foureteenthmaister of the Knights of Saint Iames D. Gonçalo Ybanes of Quintana the fifteenth maister of Calatraua the maister of the Alcantara the Priors of the Templers and of Saint Iohn with a great number of their Knights Of secular Noblemen there were D. Diego Lopes de Haro Lord of Biscay D. Pedro Nugnes de Gusman D. Gonçalo Gonçales of Galicia D. Pedro Ponce of Leon D. Ruy Gonçales Giron Artas Gonçales Quixada D. Alphonso Telles de Meneses D. Gomes Ruis de Mançanedo D. Roderigo Aluares of Toledo D. Roderigo Froles Fernand Yanes Ruy Gonçales first Alcayde or captaine of Carmona Garcia Peres de Vargas of Toledo D. Laurence Suarez and Diego Martines Adalid all these were in the Land army In that at sea was Rayâ—ond Boniface Admiral with many knights and Squiers of Biscay and Cuipuscoa with whom there ioyned many marriners and souldiers Basques from about Bayonne in France al that had done the King any seruice in this warre were rewarded according to their merits and callings much land and many houses were giuen to the Nobility wherein the Clergy was not forgotten And for that the city was vnpeopled the King inuited people from all parts with guifts preuiledges and great immunities so as it was soone full of inhabitants Soone after this prize the King sent part of his victorious army against some places of strength thereabouts the which were made subiect vnto him some by force and some by a voluntary composition as Medina Sidonia Alcala Bejel Alpechin Aznalfarache Arcos Lebrixa and others towards the sea By this conquest the King D. Fernand was free from all warre behinde the limits of his Prouince for hee ment to entertaine peace and friendship with King Mahomad of Granado who had alwaies carried himselfe faithfully towards him wherefore he began now to conceiue in his imagination the conquest of all Affrike and resolued to passe the Straights in the spring with a great army against Caid Arrax Miralmumin of Maroc Death of D. Fernand King of Castille but death preuented him in the city of Seuile newly conquered in the yeere 1252. hauing raigned in Castille about fiue and thirtie yeeres and in Leon one and twenty There were present at his death his sons D. Alphonso D. Frederic and D. Henry D. Alphonso Lord of Molina the deceased Kings brother and the Archbishop Raymond Hee
Iohn Infants of Arragon with many other knights followed him He tooke D. Maria of Padilla from Montalban brought her to Toledo These that were about him preuayled so by their intreaties as he returned to Vailledolit to his wife but he stayed but two dayes and went away againe leauing the Lady much perplexed at these strange courses The Queene D. Blanche retired with the Queene-mother to Tordesillas and the king returned to D. Mary of Padilla who entertained the hatred and dislike which the king had of his wife that shee alone might enioy him It is written by Diego of Valera that among all the precious iewels which the Queene had brought out of France there was a rich girdle which she presented to the king her husband the which D. Mary of Padilla hauing in her power she found out a Iew Girdle inchanted a Magitian which did inchant it so as when the king would put it on beeing amazed and demanding what Prodigie it might be his minions who were allyed to his concubine answered that they were the goodly presents which this French Gentlewoman had brought him Whereupon he was much incensed against this poore Lady In the meane time D. Tello the kings base brother married D. Ieanne the eldest daughter of D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara deceased whereuppon by this marriage he became Lord of Biscay and of the other places and lands aboue-mentioned the which did much offend the king causing him to grow into a greater furie and rage against him and the rest then before whereof the sharpest effects were against them that reprooued his leud life and the indignities he did vnto the Queene his wife whom for spite hee caused to be led to Areualo with a guard and vnder the custodie of Don Pedro Gudiâ—l Bishop of Segobia and a Bourgesse of Toledo in whome he trusted his name was Tello Palomochio as a prisoner and began to displace all the Officers of her house and al others which had beene aduanced by the fauor of D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque hee tooke away the Office of Chamberlaine from Guttiere Fernandes of Toledo and gaue it to Diego Garcia of Padilla brother to his Mistris that of Cup-bearer which Iohn Rodrigues of Viedma held was giuen to Aluar Garcia of Albornoz the allowance of diet was taken from Guttiere Gomes of Toledo and giuen to Pero Gonçales of Mendoça a great Lord in Alaua from whence are descended the Dukes of Infantazgo In Seuile the king did also change many of the chiefe Officers of the Realme which had beene aduanced by the fauour and councell of Don Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque giuing them to others that were recommended by Diego Garcia of Padilla and Iohn Fernandes of Hinestroça namely he looke the gouernment of the frontier from Don Garcia Fernandes Manriquez and aduanced Fernand Perez Puerto Carrero Thus the king altered things within his Realme forced the greatest to humble themselues and to sue vnto the kinsfolkes and fauorites of Donna Maria of Padilla hating all them deadly that did but tell him that he ought to loue Donna Blanche the Queene his wife and liue Christian-like and honestly with her as Don Gil Carillo of Albornoz Arch-bishop of Toledo had sought to do who being of his councell and a Prelate of great dignitie in Spaine had presumed to reprehend his disordered life in that behalfe Arch-bishop of Toledo forced to leaue Spaine but hee tooke it in so ill part as this reuerent man was forced to abandon all the liuing hee had in Spaine and retire to Auignon to Pope Clement by whose successor Innocent the sixth who came to the Popedome that yeare 1353. he was made Cardinall and in his life-time they proceeded to a new election in the Arch-bishoppricke of Toledo and Primacie of Spaine putting in his place one Don Blaise This King made himselfe to be feared and so much hated of all the Noblemen of his Realme as euery man made choice of a party and sought how to assure himselfe from his fury and violence Don Iohn Nugnes of Prado Master of Calatraua a friend to Don Iohn Alphonso of Abuquerque retired into Arragon to the Commanderie of Alcaniz but the king who had a desire to haue him in his power sought all meanes lawfull and vnlawfull to assure him so as he made him come vppon his faith and promise that he should haue to harme This good Knight who found himselfe guiltlesse of any crime but that he had beene a friend to the Lord of Albuquerque came into Castile to the towne of Almagro but he was presently beseeged by the kings commandement by Don Iohn de la Cerde and by Peter Nugnes of Godoy who notwithstanding did secretly aduice him to returne into Arragon before that the king who was gone out of Seuile to come thither were arriued the which he would not do saying That he found his conscience free from all rebellion and that he had no cause to feare to put himselfe into the kings mercy but it succeeded ill for him The king beeing come the master came vnto him and cast himselfe at his feet intreating him to receiue him in his iustifications but this cruell Prince refusing to heare him him Imprisonment and murther of D. Iohn Nugnes of Prado master of Calatraua depriued him instantly of the Master-ship of Calatraua the which he gaue to Diego Garcia of Padilla and commaunded that he should bee carried prisoner to the castell of Masqueda whereas Stephen Domingo of Auila commanded an there within few dayes after he was murthered by Diego Lopes of Portas seruant to Diego Garcia of Padilla whereof the king would haue excused himselfe saying That it was done without his commandement but it appeared sufficiently that he was not discontented there-with Going from Almagro the king came before the towne of Medellin belonging to the Lord of Albuquerque whereas Diego Gomes of Silua a Knight of Galicia a commanded the towne yeelded fearing the kings furie and soone after the castle the which the king in disdaine of the Lord of Albuquerque caused to be instantly razed after which hee led his army before Albuquerque the which was held in the name of their Lord by Martin Alphonso Botello a Genlteman of Portugall and vnder him commanded Peter Esteuanez Carpintero Commander maior of Calatraua The King hauing summoned them to yeeld the place vppon refusall he proclaymed them Rebels whereof the Portugall who was not his subiect made no accompt The Commander excused himselfe saying That the place was not in his power Wherefore he past on towards Cobdesera another place belonging to Don Iohn Alphonso the which he would not take so as after some skirmishes he left Don Henry Earle of Transtamare and Don Frederic Master of S. Iames his breethren who followed him against their wils and he came to Caceres Afterwards he resolued to send ambassadors into Portugall whither the Lord of Albuquerque was retired to demand him of the king of Portugall as his
subiect and a rebell but the king of Portugall excused himselfe and sought to bring D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque again into fauour but it tooke no effect for D. Iohn Alphonso entred into league with the Erle of Transtamare who was one of these Ambassadours and with Don Frederic master of Saint Iames and they proceeded so farre as beeing thrust on with hatred and disdaine of their king they sought to perswade D. Pedro Infant of Portugall to ioyne with them promising to make him king of Castile shewing him that hee had a title beeing Nephew or Grand-child to King Sancho the Braue sonne to his daughter Donna Beatrix But the king Don Alphonso his father crost this proiect and would not suffer his sonne to ingage himselfe in this enterprise The more to haue modestie in contempt and to ouerthrow all diuine and humane lawes 1354. the king Don Pedro in the yeare 1354. wihtout any dispensation from the Pope but onely assisted by two bishops his owne creatures Sancho of Auila and Iohn of Salamanca caused himselfe by their sentence to bee separated from the Queen Donna Blanche and in the towne of Cuellar hee married a Ladie widow to Don Diego of Haro called Donna Ieanne of Castro Second marriage of King D. Pedro his first wife yet liuing daughter to Don Pedro of Castro of whose exquisite beauty hee was much enamoured hauing married her hee had newes of this league made by his breethren with Don Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque wherefore hee went from Cuellar and gaue this Lady her last adiew who retired to Duegnas where shee past her dayes hauing brought the King a sonne who was named Iohn and causing herselfe to be styled Queene of Castile and Leon. To oppose himslfe against this new conspiracie the king beeing come to Castro Xeris he made the marriage of the Infant Don Iohn of Arragon his cousin with Donna Izabella the second daughter of the deceased Don Iohn Nugnes of Lara And for that hee vnderstood that Don Tello his brother followed the partie of Don Henry and Don Frederic his other breethren he would haue Don Iohn of Arragon take vpbon him the title of Lord of Biscay From thence he past to Toro leauing Donna Maria of Padilla at Castro Xeris beeing readie to be deliuered of a daughter which was named Donna Constance future wife to the Duke of Lancaster an Englishman The Confederates were fortified by Don Fernand of Castro brother to Donna Ieanne married and suddenly abandoned by the King is hatred of the contempt of his sister This king seeing that so many great personages rebelled against him imputing all the cause of this mischiefe vnto his wife the Queene Donna Blanche he caused her to bee taken out of the castell of Areualo and conducted to Toledo Don Iohn Fernandes of Hinestroça Vncle to Donna Maria of Padilla hauing taken the charge thereof This pore Princesse seeing her selfe in her enemies hands and attending nothing but death from her cruell husband as soone as she was entred into the cittie of Toledo shee intreated them to lead her directly vnto the great Church vnder color of deuotion the which was granted her but beeing once entred she would not go foorth but challenged the priuiledge of the place so as presenlty all the cittie of Toledo shewed themselues for her euery one pittying her vnworthie vsage wherefore Don Iohn Fernandes of Hinestroça durst not attempt to force her but returned vnto the king beeing at Segure de la Sierre whither he was come to make warre against Don Frederic Master of Saint Iames. At this newes the king came in a furie to Ocagne and there in the place of Don Frederic Master of S. Iames hee created D. Iohn Garcia of Padilla Master of S. Iames married Lord of Villagera brother to his mistris D. Maria of Padilla the first of all the Mastes of S. Iames that was married In the mean time the Inhabitants of Toledo in generall resolued to keepe the Queene within their towne from all violence and not to receiue the king vntill he were reconciled and did promise to lead an honest life with her As the incensed King thought to be reuenged of all these things he found himself abandoned by many Noblemen of his trayne among the which were the Infants of Arragon his cousins and Don Lopes Sanches of Abendagno great commander of Castile who beeing discontented with his excesse as well in the course of his life as in the gouernment of his Realme and at his ill vsage of the Nobility they ioyned with his brethren and with the citty of Toledo and all those of Andalusia and other Noblemen and Communalties who altogether made petition vnto the King beleeching him that for his owne honour and the publike good he would leaue the company of Donna Maria of Padilla and liue with the Queene Donna Blanche his wife as God had commanded him and common honestie required and that he should gouerne his realm by the good and faithfull councell of good men Donna Leonora his aunt Queene Dowager of Arragon presented this petition vnto him the reuerence of this Lady gaue the confederates hope to obtayne something but she laboured in vine for the king was so much incensed against the confederates and on the other side did so doate on D. Maria of Padilla as he made no accompt of this admonition so as the whole Realme was in combustion and the Princes with others of their faction came to Medina del campo whereon they seazed There Don Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque was poisoned by an Italian Phisition called Paul Romain beeing hired thereunto by the king D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque poysoned He was Grand-child to Don Denis King of Portugal within few dayes after there were aboue seuen thousand horse at Medina del campo holding the Q. D. Blanches party and the confederates presented a new petition vnto the king who had taken his way to Toro and the chiefe of them spake vnto him about Tejadillo neere vnto Toro beeing fifty Knights in field of either side but they preuayled nothing for the king leauing all went to Vruegna where Donna Maria of Padilla was to bee merry with her Queene Mary the kings mother receiued the Confederates into Toro and wrought so as she drew the king thither where they began to make a kind of accord and to dispose of the Offices of the kings house and of Gouernments and places displacing some and aduancing others as they thought good and namely they disappointed all them of Padilla and their adherents the which the king ratified but against his will as it appeared soone after for he made a dispatch from Tordesillas to Don Pedro Infant of Arragon Earle of Ampurias who gouerned the country of Arragon the King his Nephew beeing then in Cattelogne by the which he complayned of that his subiects had forced him vnto intreating him by the bond of their allyance to be his friend and thereupon he came to
who did afterwards much trouble him before hee could made her leaue Castile and returne to him D. Henry the 3. of that name the seuenteenth King of Castile 38. of Leon. VVHen as the King Don Iohn had this mortall fall Castille Don Pedro Tenorio Archbishop of Toledo a wise man knowing the alterations which doe commonly follow such accidents to the preiudice of States hee sodainely caused a Pauillion to be pitched in the place whereas the Kings body lay and hauing set gards about it that it mought not be seene hee dissembled his death giuing it out that he was sore hurt but without any danger of death and the better to conceale this businesse he caused his physitions to come vnto the Tent to whom he imposed silence then at a conuenient time he caused the Kings body to bee brought into the towne and laied it in the Chappel of the Archbishops lodging In the meane time he made such dispatches as he thought fit to the cities and townes of the realme and to the Prelats and Knights who he knew were affected to the deceased King and to his sonne D. Henry The Queene Donna Beatrix was at the time of this vnfortunat accident at Madrid where she receiued letters from the Archbishop aduising her to goe to Alcala the which she did leading in her company D. Iohn Serran bishop of Siguença Chancellor of the Kings priuy seale and others who were very sorrowfull for these lamentable newes but especially the Queene Donna Beatrix who had not any children by the King her husband and was now dispossest of her realme of Portugal without any hope euer to recouer it Beeing come To Alcala the Archbishop hauing comforted her and left her there for the gard of the body he went to Madrid where hee did set vp the Standards of Castile and Leon for the new King D. Henry who was then at Talauera with his wife Donna Catherina and his brother the Infant Don Fernand whereas their father had left them when as he ment to goe into Andalusia but hauing receiued letters from the Archbishop he came presently to Madrid The Archbishop gaue such order for al things as there was no alteration The funerals for his death were performed throughout all Spaine with great heauinesse the which was followed with great demonstrations of ioy D. Henry the third proclaymed King of Castile for that D. Henry was proclaimed King in the same towne of Madrid wehther the Deputies of Prouinces and the Estates of the realme began to come the first were D. Laurence Suares of Figueroa maister of Saint Iames D. Gençalo Nugnes of Guzman maister of Calatraua and some others who did not medle with any affaires nor with the gouernment of the King who was not yet eleuen yeeres old by reason of the absence of Don Frederic duke of Benauent of Don Alphonso of Arragon Marquis of Villena Earle of Denia and first Constable of Castile and Don Pedro of Castile Earle of Transtamara Princes of the bloud royall who wer sent for and it was fit to attend them Notwithstanding the Archbishop of Toledo thought it fit to conclude a marriage which was of great importance and very preiudiciall for the Duke of Benauent which was of Donna Leonora daughter and heire to Don Shancho of Castile brother to the King D. Henry the second Countesse of Albuquerque and Montalban and Lady of many other townes and castles to which rich marriage Don Frederic pretended the which was thought fit an conuenient both for that hee was of the bloud of Castile as also to recompence him in some sort for the marriage which had beene concluded betwixt him and Donna Beatrix of Portugal whom the King D. Iohn did afterwards marry Marriage betwixt the heire of Albuquerque and the Infant D. Fernand. whereby he had beene vndoubtedly King of Portugal But the Arch-bishop thinking that the marriage of Donna Leonora would bee more fit for D. Fernand duke of Pegnefiel brother to the new King hee did worke it and concluded it with the Kings consent and the Ldaies vpon condition that it should bee consommated when the Infant were foureteene yeeres old Shee beeing sixteene yeeres old promised it but not the Infant for that by the marriage betwixt Don Henry and Donna Catherina the Duke of Lancaster her father had reserued that if Don Henry should chance to die without consommating of the marriage with hid daugther then D. Fernand his brother should marry her The Noblemen Prelats and Deputies of the towne of Castile and Leon beeing not yet assembled the Archbishop of Toledo demaunded of Peter Lope of Ayala a worthy Knight and learned if he knew whether the deceased King had made any will to whom he answered yea and that hee himselfe being present with others the King had made his will at the seege of Cillorico in Portugal the one and twentith of Iuly in the yeere of our Lord 1385. and that he had sent his will to him being Archbishop of Toledo The Archbishop remembred this but he said that he had since deliuered that vp to the King By this testament it was ordained that the King dying leauing his sonne D. Henry vnder age the gouernment of the King and realme should remaine in the hands of D. Alphonso of Arragon Marquis of Villena Ordonances made by the King D. fohn in his testament of the Archbishop of Toledo D. Iohn Garcia Manriques Archbishop of Saint Iames D. Pedro Nugnes maister of ther Calatraue D. Iohn Alphonso of Guzman Earle of Niebla and D. Pedro Gonçales of Mendoça Lord Steward of the Kings house and with them one or two Bourgeses of either of the sixe townes that is Burgos Toledo Leon Seuile Cordoua and Murcia But afterwards the King did shew by actions that he had changed his resolution not meaning that this should be receiued for his last will and testament wherevpon there grew such debate as it was hard to pacefie it D. Frederic duke of Benauent D. Pedro of Castile Earle of Transtamara the Archbishop of Saint Iames with some others being arriued hauing kist the Kings hands as their naturall Lord the Estates beganne to conferre concerning the gouernment of the King and realme and hauing first propounded the aboue-named will it was concluded that the Archbishop of Toledo the Maisters of Saint Iames and of Calatraua the Duke of Benauent the Earle of Transtamara and Pero Lopes of Ayala should enter the chamber where the King kept his papers to finde out this will The chamber was opened by Ruis Lopes of Aualos who afterwards was Constable and Iohn Martines of Castille gardiens of those writings where this will was found It beeing read in the presence of the aboue-named and they all disallowing of that which the King had ordained they commanded him that read it to cast it into a fire which burnt in a chamber neere vnto the Bishop of Cuencas one of the houshold to the deceased King to auoide all contention and
replyed that in the meane time the Arch-bishop should forbeare to assemble forces and shold not employ the reuenues of the church to leuy soldiers whereunto they answered That whilest they of the Councell did gouerne to their preiudice they could do not lesse then to seeke a remedy During these broyles in Spaine D. Domingo Bishop of S. Ponce Legate to Pope Clement residing at Auignon came to Madrid with letters to the King condoling for the death of the deceased king his father Pope Clement sends a Legate into Castile and congratulating his assumption who also brought letters from the Pope to the Councell by the which like a good pastor and father he did exhort them to do iustice and to gouerne the Realme well the Legate making a long speech to that end to whom Garcia Manrique Arch-bishop of S. Iames answered After which the Councell intreated the Legat to be a meanes to pacifie the troubles which had beene raised by the Arch-bishop of Toledo and that he would take the paines to look into the will and disposition of both parties to the end he might make report thereof vnto the Pope The Legate offered to employ himselfe in any thing they should thinke fit for the publike peace wherefore the Councell hauing thanked him for his good will they deputed Peter Suarez of Quignones Gouernor of Leon a wise and discreet Knight Garcis Alphonso of Sahaghun and Doctor Anthony Sanches of Salamanca an Auditor who did accompanie the Legate Beeing arriued at Talauera de la Reyna where as the Arch-bishop was he intreated him very earnestly to hearken to the peace and quiet of Spaine giuing him many Theologicall reasons beeing a great learned Doctor especially vppon the wasting of the goods and reuenues of the Church which was the patrimonie of the poore propounding vnto him in the behalf of the Councell the iust conditions which they had deliuered vnto him and promised to performe perswading him and his associats to come vpon his faith and assurance vnto the castle of Buytrago belonging vnto D. Diego Hurtado of Mandoça to consult with them of the Councell of the meanes how to accommodate all their diuisions The like request and offer was made by Peter of Quignones in the behalfe of the Councell signifying vnto them that if they lost this opportunity they might afterwards desire it in vaine and of all this he protested and demanded an act To all this the Arch-bishop answered vpon premeditation and excused himselfe as well vppon the testament of the deceased king as vpon the lawes of the Realme which were infringed persisting in the answer which had beene made at Alcala pretending other lets so as they could not go to Buytrago In the meane time ambassadors came from France to the new king Don Henry to condole the death of the deceased king Ambassadors from France to Castile and to performe such ceremonies as are vsuall at the comming of new kings the Bishop of Landresi chiefe of this Ambassage offering to the king Don Henry all friendship and ayde in the name of the king his Master and to confirme the league made betwixt their predecessors To which ambassage the Arch-bishop of S. Iames made answer in the kings name with great applause the king did then renew and sweare the league betwixt France and Castile and so did the Ambassadours They being dispatched and honoured with many goodly presents they were accompanied with other Ambassadors whom the king Don Henry sent into France for the confirmation of this league within few dayes there came also to Madrid Ambassadors from the Kings of Nauarre and Arragon from the Duke of Lancaster and other Christian Princes vpon the same subiect They of Nauarre particularly intreated the yong King that he would so worke with the Queene Donna Leonora his aunte as shee might returne into Nauarre and liue with the King her husband wherein they of the councell imployed themselues with great affection Queene of Nauarre will not returne to her husband but they preuailed not for she vsed the same excuses which shee had done to the deceased Kign Don Iohn so much shee was pleased to liue in the court of Castile The King of Arragons Ambassadors besides their generall Legation had charge to perswade all the councellors in particular to gouerne the realme with such care and loyalty as the young yeares of the king his nephew required And they of the Duke of Lancaster demanded that the league made with the deceased king at the conclusion of their peace should be renued All these receiued courteous answers and were sent backe with content In the meane time the Arch-bishop of toledo leauied forces and made great practises throughout all the chiefe townes and with the Nobilitie of the Realme And on he other side at the incitation of the seditious Arch-deacon Don Fernand Martines the people of Seuile Cruelties and murthers committed on the Iewes Cordoua Toledo Logrogne and other townes of Castile had fallen vppon the Iewes making a horrible butcherie of this miserable people and spoyling their goods forcing by this meanes the rest who escaped the present fury to become Christians or at the least to faine themselues so What can poore Infidels thinke seeing such cruelties practised by Christians and such greedinesse in them to imbeazle other mens goods but that their religion is bloudie desiring nothing lesse then the health of those whome they entertaine in their ignorance by such detestable courses and diuelish couetousnesse With the like furie were the neighbour countries infected for they of Valencia and Barcelona did the like yea the rage of these zealous men had extended vnto the Moores dwelling in Castile and Arragon if they had not feared that the king of Granado would haue massacred many Christians that were his prisoners and that it should cause some new warre with the Arabians This worldly consideration respecting the commoditie of this life retayned them not the zeale and honour of Iesus Christ which consists not in murthers and spoiles but to do good to all men and to pray for their enemies The King Don Henry was aduertised of all these disorders but by reason of his youth which was contemned he could not apply fit remedies Yet he did somewhat pacifie the mutinue against the Iewes But as for the Arch-bishop of Toledo and his Confederates they had need of a sharper restraint The Councell sent twice vnto him that is the Master of Saint Iames who came vnto him at Illesca and afterwards at Talauera de la Reina D. Iohn of Velasco Lord Chamberlaine to the king and Peter Fernandes of Villegas Merin Maior of Burgos who admonished him to forbeare to assemble forces and that he should be content to vndergo with them the resolution of the Estates vppon their differences but they had no other answer but what he had formerly made Amidst these tumults there fell out a new occasion to increase them D. Pedro of Castile demands the office of
Constable for hauing beene propounded in the Councell of the deceased king D. Iohn to take the office of Constable from D. Alphonso of Arragon Marquis of Villena for certaine reasons being now in diuision with the Councell and not greatly beloued of the young King D. Henry D. Pedro of Castile Earle of Transtamara came to demand this office who had yearly for his dyet and entertaynment 70000. marauidis The Councell did let him vnderstand that the king at the beginning when the Estates assembled at Madrid to gratifie the Marquis D. Alphonso had confirmed him in the dignity and that there were no reason thus to degrade him without some apparent cause the which might be a means to increase the troubles which were but too great wherefore they were of opinion that he shold for that time forbeare and content himselfe with a pension equall to the Constables entertainment the which they promised him in the meane time but they sayd that they must proceede against the Marquis by the course of Iustice for the effecting wherof they would procure the king to cite him to come to Court and if hee did not obey they promised to giue him his Estate D. Pedro ws satisfied with this answer and D. Alphonso Ianes Fajardo Gouernor of Murcia was sent by the King vnto the Constable to cause him to come to court but hee excused himselfe from comming presently promising to be there soone after notwithstanding it was farre from his thought for he had intelligence with the Arch-bishop of Toledo and others of the league who drew men together from all parts to come to the Court in armes to the end they might haue the testament of the deceased king D. Iohn put in execution and chase away the Councell The Arch-bishop of S. Iames the Earle of Transtamara the Masters of S. Iames and Calatraua Iohn Hurtado of Mendoça Lord Steward of the kings house others whereof some were named Tutors by the kings will and some not knowing that this was not the cause which drew the Arch-bishop of Toledo but onely a colour pretended by him and his confederates to retire from Court and to take armes they also prouided for their parts and called all their friends to ayde them they drew D. Leonora Queene of Nauar vnto their league binding themselues by oath one vnto another Queene of Nauar intangled in the troubles of Castile and they wrought so as the king Don Henry continued vnto the Queene his Aunt the pensions which the deceased King D. Iohn was wont to giue her with an increase By whose perswasion and others of the Councell he tooke the office of Constable from Don Alphonso of Arragon who had enioyed it nine yeares and gaue it to the Earle of Transtamara who was sonne to D. Frederic Master of Saint Iames and cousin to the king Hereuppon they fell to armes in Castile committing great spoyles robberies and murthers of all sides diuiding the Realmes Prouinces Citties and Townes especially Seuile whereas Don Aluar Perez of Guzman great Admiral of Castile and D. Pedro Ponce of Leon Lord of Marchena Gouernor generall of that cittie held the Concells part and Don Iohn Alphonso of Guzman Earle of Niebla and others that of the Kings testament he Arch-bishop of Toledo with the Master of Alcantara were about Auila to whom they of the cittie of Burgos made many protestations offers and prayers in vaine for a peace the like they did to the Duke of Benauent and then they sent vnto the King who was come to Cuellar beseeching him to giue eare vnto a peace and to end the troubles by a conuocation of the Estates the which if he thought good to hold in their cittie they offered to deliuer all their children in hostage for their assurance that should come The King mooued with the loue and willingnesse of them of Burgos sent the Legate and others to the Arch-bishop and his confederates but they answered That when they shold be neere the place where the king ws they would declare their intentions more at large The Duke of Benauent and the Arch-bishop of Toledo were alreadie ioyned with their forces consisting of fifteene hundred men at armes and 3500. foote vnto whome the Queene of Nauarre came intreating them that before matters grew worse they should be satisfied with the resolution of the Estates and whilest that she laboured with the confederates the king went to Vailledolit whither came about sixteen hundred men at arms with some other forces The confederates little regarding the Queene of Nauarre came to lodge at Simancas where as she was more amazed then before and employed all her endeauors to make some accord In the end shee obtayned that there should bee a conference at Perales whereas at diuers times in the presence of the Queene and Legate the parties met and conferred Once among the rest the Arch-bishop beeing demanded by him of Saint Iames if he had any true intent that the deceased kings testament should take place he made him no answer for that the Duke of Benauent who was not named in it was present whom he feared to offend an infalliable argument that priuate respects did moue him more Archb. of Toledo respects not the publike good then any zeale of the publike good or the Kings seruice It was concluded in Perales that the Kings testament should be of force and that the tutors named therein should gouerne and to the end a peace might be the better entertayned and that all emulation and iealousie might cease there were added vnto them Don Frederic duke of Benauent Don Pedro Earle of Transtamara and the Master of Saint Iames and for the better strangthening of this accord the generall Estates were held at Burgos Iohn Hurtado of Mendoça Estates at Burgos for a peace Pero Lopes of Ayala Diego Lopes of Estuniga and Iohn Alphonso de la Cerde either of them giuing one of his sonnes in hostage for the assurance of such as should come to Court Thus the Estates were called at Burgos which citie was at great charges for that cause and for the kings seruice But before any proceeding the Councell pretending to bind Don Alphonso Earle of Gijon vnto them being prisoner in the hands of the Master of S. Iames they decreed his deliuerie and procured the king to restore vnto him all the lands which he had enioyed in the Asturia's D. Alphonso the kings vnkle deliuered out of prison There came vnto the assembly at Burgos the king with Queene Catherine his spouse the Infant Don Fernand and his future wife D. Leonora who lodged in the Castle whereof Diego Lopes of Estuniga was captaine The Estates beeign entred into conference there grew a new tumult for some of the Noblemen not satisfied with that which had beene concluded in Perales would haue D. Alphonso Earle of Gijon admitted to councell besides the aboue-named wherewith the Duke of Benauent his brother the Queene of Nauarre nor the Master of Saint
collour that it was dishonourable to hinder an enterprise of the crosse against Infidels so as he not only past but so augmented his troupes as being come to Alcala the Royal he had aboue fiue thousand foote At A cala D. Alphonso Fernandes of Cordoua Lord of Aguilar and his brother D. Diego Fernandes came vnto him who did admonish him againe adding withall that euery one would hold it indiscreetly done of him who was reputed a wise Knight and Maister of the Order of Alcantara to goe and defie the King of Granado who was so neere as with in lesse then two daies hee might incounter him with two hundred thousand foote Great power of the realme of Granado and fifty thousand horse and that without doubt besides the daunger and hurt hee might doe vnto the realme by the breach of the truce and defeat of his men he should blemish his honour and draw vpon himselfe perpetuall blame amongst all men that professed armes as a rash and ill aduised captaine but finding him obstinate and pretending that it would be held cowardise and basenesse in him if hauing past so farre Asores the bounds betwixt Granado and Castile hee should now returne wherevpon they wished him to lead his men to the riuer of Açores which makes the limit betwixt Granado and Castile and there attend the King of Granado a day or two if hee appeered hee should either fight with him body to body or else a hundred Christians against two hundred Moores as they agreed But if the Moores came not to the confines hee should bring backe his troupes and so hee should preserue his honour and reputation The Maister who was confirmed in his desire to fight with the Moores beeing moreouer incensed for that the Granadins had intreated two Gentlemen ignominiously whom hee had sent vnto their King to carry this challenge hee answered brauely to these Kinghts that hee thanked them for their good aduice but he was resolued not to stay vntill hee saw the port of Eluira at the city of Granado or fight with the Moores if hee met them vpon the way that he did hope to let the world see a miracle within few daies Thus he entred vnfortunatly into the country of Granado and did assault the tower of Excla where hee was hurt in the hand and neeere vnto him were three of his men slaine by the defendants whereas hee beganne to bee amazed for the Hermit which followed him had told him that he should not loose a man Hermit an Impostâ—r and therefore hee demaunded of him what it ment that they had already slaine three of his men to whom the Hermit answered that it was ment in battaile and not at the seege of places the which the Maister beleeued as assayling the tower more furiously then before The King of Granado seeing the rashnesse of this vnaduised Maister of the Order of Alcantara sent Ambassadors to the King of Castile to complaine of the breach of the truce made betwixt them and to demaund if it were by his commandement or not On the other side hee assembled a good number of horse and foote with the which hee marched towards the fronter he surprized the maister who was ill aduertised and charged him with his troupes so furiously as without giuing them time to arme hee slue the maister and all his horsemen with most of his footmen of the which about fifteene hundred saued themselues by flight The maister D. Martin Iuanes caused himselfe to bee surnamed Without feare and there is such an Inscription found vpon his tombe in Alcantara whether his body was carried by the permission of the King of Granado The King of Castile had newes of this defeat being in the Monastery of Santa Maria of Pelayos neere vnto the towne of Saint Martin de val d' Eglise where in a manner at the same time arriued the Ambassadors from the King of Granado who made their complaint and demaunded if the maister of Alcantara were entred in hostile manner into Granado Ambassage from the king of Granado to the King of Castile by his commandement and what his pleasure was for the entertayning of the truce The King answered that what the maister had done did much displease him and that he had forbidden him by his letters to vndertake such quarrels it auayling nothing to countenance religion by the breach of the truce which he desired to entertaine with the King of Granado his friend but he had not obayed him for the which he had beene punished if God by his iust iudgement had not abandoned him to bee slaine by the Moores and his men defeated as they had well deserued whereof he was newly aduertised to his great content The Messengers were sent backe with this answere the which did increase the ioy which the Moorish King conceiued for his victory by the assurance which they brought him of the continuance of the truce betwixt Granado and Castile This trouble vpon the Moores frontier was a pretext for the Duke of Benauent and other of the confederates to arme D. Henry reduceth the rebels to his obedience and to fortefie themselues euery one in his quarter saying it was to be ready at the Kings commandement if the Moores did enter into Andalâ—sia The King did cause D. Fernand Roderiques of Villadobos to bee chosen maister of the Knights of Alcantara in the place of the deceased Barbuda D. Laurence Suarez of Figueroa maister of Saint Iames vnderstood of this route in Ocagne where he was and came presently to the King being at Pelayos he aduised him to haue his forces in a redinesse for all euents assuring him that he should easily supprsse the Duke of Benauent and the Earles of Gijon and Transtamara with other Malcontents the which hee should not much regard but rather be carefull of the Moorish warres if they grew hot And to assure the frontier of Andalusia it was expedient that he were sent to Villa Real with the Archbishop of Toledo to ioyne with the Maister of the Calatraua and that the King should come to Toledo promising moreouer that he would perswade D. Alphonso of Arragon Marquis of Villena to come and doe him seruice The King beleeued this councell and came to Toledo whether D. Diego Lopes of Estuniga came vnto him and gaue an account of the â—oiage which hee had made vnto D. Iohn Garcia Manrique Archbishop of Saint Iames but the King being otherwise aduertised of the disobedience of the Duke of Benauent and of his confederats and how they continually leauied men he came to Illesca being followed by the Archbishop of Toledo the Maister of Saint Iames the Earle of Niebla D. Diego Hurtado of Mendoça Admirall Iohn Hurtado of Mendoça Lord Steward Diego Lopes of Estuniga chiefe Iustice Ruy Lopes of Aualos Chamberlaine and other Noblemen with about seuenteene hundred Launces Heere D. Alphonso of Arragon Mrquis of Villena who had not approched neere the court all the Kings
would bee the end of the troubles of Arragon which increased daily they sent the horsemen of Castile to fauour the friends of the Archbishop of Saragosla that was slaine by the which the lands of D. Anthony de Luna were spoiled And at that time friar Vincent Ferrier that great preacher made a voiage to the court of Castile who made some sermons before the Queene mother and some Noblemen by whose aduice there was an Order made that all Iewes dwelling in Castile should carry for a marke and distinction to bee knowne a peece of red cloth vpon their cloakes and the Moores greene hattes with white moones The affaires of Arragon growing tedious the King was carried backe to Vailledolit The truce of Portugall being expired it was treated by Ambassadours to make a perpetuall peace the which was not then concluded The arbitrators appointed to iudge to whom the Realme of Arragon did belong Arragon hauing beene many daies in conference in the castle of Caspe in the end they did all agree to adiudge it to the Infant D. Fernand of Castile whereof hee had notice giuen him in Iune in the yeere 1412. beeing at Cuenca wherefore hauing made his election knowne vnto King Iohn his Nephew and to the Queene his mother and giuen great thankes for the fauour he had receiued in that respect by the forces and meanes of Castile he prepared himselfe to goe and take possession of his Realme And first of all hee declared for Tutors and Gouernors of the Realme in his place D. Iohn of Illesca Bishop of Siguença D. Pablo bishop of Carthagena D. Henry Manuel Earle of Montalegre and Pero Alfan of Ribera Gouernor of Andalusia with whom hee ioyned other men of State and learning This and other things beeing ordred hee went into Arragon where he found great resistance especially of Don Iames Earle of Vrgel who pretended to reigne him he sought by all friendly meanes to draw vnto his seruice but in vaine for the Earle being obstinate he drew the English into Spaine notwithstanding whose aide he yeelded D. Fernand the first of that name the sixteenth King of Arragon DOn Fernand the first of that name raigned in Arragon Genealogie of Arragon Cattelogne Valencia Sicile Majorca Minorca c. By the consent of all the Estates and for his good parts was surnamed the honest whose posterity was famous Before hee came to the crowne of Arragon he had by his wife the Countesse of Albuquerque Don Alphonso who was heire of the Realmes and was in his fathers life-time called Prince of Girone in steed of the title of Duke vsurped vntill that time by the eldest sonnes of Arragon He had also by her the Infant Don Iohn who was King of Nauarre and afterwards of Arragon and Sicile by the decease of his elder brother Moreouer hee had Don Henry maister of Saint Iames Don Sancho maister of the Alcantara and the Infant Don Pedro who died in the warres of Naples beeing slaine with a great shot all these fiue Princes were borne in Castile The daughters which issued from this marriage were Donna Maria Queene of Castile married to King Iohn the second her cousin germaine and Donna Leonora who was Queene of Portugal wife to Don Edward D. Fernand was two and thirty yeeres old when hee beganne to reigne in Arragon beeing Lord of great possessions in Castile whereof he gaue the Dutchy of Pegnafiel and the Signeury of Lara to Don Iohn his second sonne all which Inheritance both by father and mother in Castile his children enjoyed for a time but beeing turbulent and not able to entertaine themselues with the Kings of Castile they lost all In the yeere 1413. the King Don Fernand hauing beseeged the Earle of Vrgel Vrgel in the towne of Balaquer for that hee did still raise new troubles hee prest him in such sort as his wife was perswaded to goe forth and casting her selfe at the Kings feete to demaund her husbands life The King vsing his accustomed clemency pardoned him his life but the Earle comming forth and hauing kist the Kings hands hee was shut vp in the same castle There were many Knights of Castile which serued the King in this warre and amongst other forces there were sent vnto him by Donna Catherine Queene of Castile foure hundred launces with promise to furnish him with foure thousand if he had need but the Earles yeelding freed him of that necessity Hee seized vpon Lerida and other places and in a short time made all within the Realme to bow and therefore hee sent away his souldiars of Castile well satisfied Don Godfrey of Nauarre Earle of Cortes and Marshall of Nauarre the Kings base sonne was at this warre with some men at armes The new King did afterwards cause the Earle of Vrgel to bee araigned and condemned him to perpetuall prison depriuing him of his dignity and goods and then he sent him prisoner to Vruegna a sort in Castile from whence he was afterwards transported to Mora. The Countesse his mother was also condemned to loose her goods and some men of base condition were put to death These things being done the King came to Saragossa Coronation of the King D. Fernand at Saragossa where he was crowned by the Archbishop of Tarragone in the presence of many Noblemen of Arragon Valencia Sicile Cattelogâ—e Castile and Nauar at the which there were great and stately triumphes To serue at this ceremony the Queene of Castile his sister in law had sent him a crowne of gold weighing fifteene markes inricht with many stones of great value He was armed Knight by the Duke of Gandia and then annointed and crowned in the great church of Saragossa after which act he was very bountiful to the Noblemen and Knights that assisted at his coronation From Nauarre came the Marshall D. Godfrey Peter Martin of Peralta with many others Going from Saragossa he came to Morella where he should meete with Pope Benedict who after his deposing had retired himselfe into Arragon yet retayning still his dignity Pope Benedict in Arragon as much as he might There they had an enterview whereas Pope Benedict went in a sollemne procession in his pontificall habit with a white Miter on his head set with stones of great price to whom the King did all the honour hee could deuise Before his departure from thence there came Ambassadours from the Emperour Sigismond who perswaded the King of Arragon to fauour the councell which was then called at Constance for the rooting out of the schisme To treat whereof there was an enterview concluded betwixt the two Princes at Nice and the King was intreated to perswade Benedict Councel of Constance willingly to renounce his dignity of Pope An. 1414. The councell began the fifth day of Nouember in the yeere 1414. and continued aboue three yeeres There were Ambassadors sent from Castile by the aduice of King Fernand D. Diego of Anaya Maldonado Archbishop of Seuile and D.
declared Princesse and inheritrix of his Realmes in the assembly of the generall states assembled at Madrid for the same purpose the Infants D. Alphonso and Donna Isabella his sister being the first that did sweare in this solemnity there grew a dontention at this parliament about the precedencie of the citties who should first sweare but the Kings pleasure was that Segobia should sweare first before any of the rest without preiudice to their rights and preuiledges The Court remained certaine months at Madrid and Segobia the King taking great delight to hunt in those wooddy countries from thence he went to Alfaro to treat of the affaires of Nauarre and Arragon and hee left the Queene at Segobia three monthes gonne with child Fire kindled in Queene Ioanes haire by the Sunne beames but she miscarried soone after the Kings departure being flighted with a strange fire kindled in her haire by a beame of the Sunne as she sate in her chamber which burnt part of her lockes a rare thing but yet proceeding from certaine ointments apt to kindle wherewith she vsed to die and collour her haire a thing ordinary amongst amorous Ladies whose only care and study is to correct and amend the naturall forme of their bodies with artificiall receits to make them seeme the more louely this abortiue child was a sonne King Henry being at Alfaro Nauarre and Arragon the Archbishop of Toledo and the Admirall D. Frederic began to mediate a peace betweene the two Kings of Castile and Arragon and for that purpose King Iohn came to Tudela vnto whom the Marquis of Vallena was sent the King of Castill hauing first taken D. Iohn of Arragon as ostage for him At Tudela diuerse meanes were propounded for the conclusion of the peace which taking no effect it was thought fit that the Marquis should goe with King Iohn and the Queene his wife to Saragossa to consult more amply of those affaires The Marquis made summe stay there but King Iohn had occasion to goe in all hast into Cattalogna in the meane time the Queene did entertaine him very sumptuously and among other fauours she caused him to eate at her owne table which as then was serued onely with Ladies and gentlewomen without any men at all At the Kings returne to Sargossa the peace was concluded vpon the deliuery of ostages and certaine places for assurance on each side to weet La Gardo Peace betweene Castile and Arragon Saint Vincent Arcos and Larraga by the King of Arragon and on the part of Castil Lorca in the Kingdome of Murcia and Comago in the territory of Soria The Nauarrois were discontented that King Iohn should giue any places of the Realme of Nauarre in pawne rather then those of the Kingdome of Arragon but of necessity it behoued them to bee content therewith The Cattelans also were reconciled to the King and they did acknowledge by oth the Infant D. Fernand being then nine yeeres old for heire and lawful successor to the crowne of Arragon who from thenceforth was intituled Prince of Girona This peace betweene King Iohn and his subiects lasted not long Sedition in Cattalogna whether it were because they were certified of the Princes vntimely death whom their did so deerely loue and which they desired to reuenge or for any other occasion but it fell so out that in the country of Rossillon Ampurdam and other places of Cattalogna there arose great tumults and mutinies the Earle of Pallars being chiefe of that rebellion there was a rumor spred abroad that Prince Charles his ghost did nightly complaine in the streets of Barcelona crauing vengeance on Queene Ioane his step-mother who by poison had parted his soule from his body The Queene to resist those disorders came to Girona where she was forthwith beseeged by the Earle of Pallars Queene Ioane beseeged in Girona and constrained with the Prince D. Fernand her sonne to fortifie her selfe with great daunger of their liues in the tower of the Cathedral Church of the same city At the same time the Barcelonois did driue al the Kings officers forth of their city and as many as did loue and affect him resoluing neuer more to obey him but to become subiects to the King of Castile The Inhabitants of Girona did greatly fauour the beseeged Queene who vnder the conduct of Du Puy master of the order of Montesa made great resistance but the Earle of Pallars entred the city by force and did furiously assaile and batter the strong tower desirous to take the Queene and the Prince her sonne but they one her side vsed such dilligence as the Earle was beaten out of the towne with great losse of his people The King being much troubled with the reuolt of the Cattalans and other places also of his Kingdomes sent into France to intreate of King Lewis aide of men and money Iohn of Arragon pawneth Rossillon to Lewis the eleuenth vnto whom he engaged for the summe of three hundred thousand crownes of gold for the paiment of his souldiars the Earledome of Rossillon and Cerdagne He obtained of him two thousand fiue hundred horse amongst whom were seuen hundred Launces furnished of which forces Gaston Earle of Foix and Lord of Bearn sonne in law to King Iohn was Generall In this warre which was long and troublesome diuers Knights of the faction of Grammont did good seruice to the King the chiefe of whom were Don Peter de Peralta Constable of Nauarre Sanches of Londogno sonne to the Marshall of Nauarre Fernand of Angulo Stephen of Garro Roderigo of Puelles the Viscount Bertrand of Armendaris Iohn Henriques of Laâ—arra and Gyles de Aualos Iames Diaz of Armendaris Lord of Cadreita Pedro of Ansa Iohn of Aquerri and Sancho of Erbiti surnamed the obstinate who did beare for his motto or deuise So or no glorying in that he was contentious by reason whereof this Knight had in his time many quarrels to maintaine The comming of the French caused the Earle of Pallars to raise his seege from before Girona So the Queene beeing freed ioyned with the army of the Earle of Foix and pursued the Rebelles causing diuerse of them to craue pardon The King hauing leauied men at armes sent them vnder the commaund of his sonne Don Alphonso of Arragon to ioyne likewise with the Earle of Foix his forces hee himselfe following after staied a while in the City of Bellaguer to appease the tumultuary Inhabitants into the which towne he entred in armes and there receiued newes of the yeelding vp of Tarraga whether he forthwith went but soone after he was constrained to dislodge from thence being aduertized that Don Iohn de Agullon with certaine Regiments came thitherward to surprise him and so he returned to Bellaguer Those of Barcelona D. Iohn declared enemy by the Barcelonois and despoiled of his right in that principallity mooued with extreame hatred against their King did by publike proclamation declare him enemy of their country saying
The appointed day beeing come the Legate came to the place where with great insolencie he was compassed about with aboue three hundred horse of the league which did greatly amaze him for he was none of the stoutest Prelats Presently after Don Iohn de Pacheco The Master of S. Iames contradicts the Popes authoritie ouer the temporal states Master of Saint Iames the Earle of Luna the Bishop of Coria with other Lords of the same faction came in place vnto whome the Legate shewed his faculties and authoritie to do in Spaine what he thought good Wherupon the Master of Saint Iames made him this answer that those which had informed the Pope that hee had any power or authority to dispose of the estate of the Kingdomes of Spaine or Leon had deceyued him for that did belong onely to him and to the other great Lords of the same countrie At this meeting nor yet at another which was made nere to Montejo de la Veja was there any thing concluded on Wherefore hee beganne to proceed against the Confederates by Ecclesiasticall censures Appeale from the Pope to the next generall Councell but the Lords of the League did appeale to the first generall Councell the Licentiate Iohn d' Alcoâ—er and the Doctor Alphonso of Madrigal throwing in their appeales The Legaâ—e perceyuing his labour to bee lost would haue gone backe to Medina but diuers of the Rebells followed after him crying out Wee appeale Insolencie against the Legate we appeale and with great outrages brought him backe to Olmedo the Arch-bishoppe of Toledo and the Master of Saint Iames seeming to bee discontented therewith tooke vppon them to defend him Whilest the Legate was thus handled the Confederates practised how to draw to their side Pedro Arias of Auila and the Bishop Don Iohn of Segobia his brother who beeing alreadie offended with the wrong which the King had offered them whereof wee haue spoken heretofore were easily perswaded thereunto the chiefe doers in this businesse were Lewis de Mesa Pedro Arias his familiar friend Perucho of Munsaras Captaine of the Castle of Segobia Fryar Rodrigo of Mesa Abbot of Parral and brother to Lewis with other Monkes and Church-men who did lay a plotte to deliuer the cittie of Segobia to the Confederate Lords Queene Ioane Donna Izabella with other Ladies and Gentlewomen of great place were lodged in the pallace of the same Citie where they had notice of this practise some of them with great feare beganne to dislodge the Queene withdrew her selfe into the Cathedrall Church The citty of Seigoâ—ia deliuered to the confederate Lords where thinking her selfe not safe enough shee entreated to bee receyued into the Castle with the Dutchesse of Albuquerque and other Ladies but the Infanta Donna Izabella had no will to remooue for beeing incensed against king Henry her brother shee had intelligence with the Prince Don Alphonso and did wholy adhere to the Confederates who entred into the Cittie in armes through a false port of the Bishoppes lodgings and made themselues master thereof without any resistance to the great griefe of the Inhabitants The Lords of the League went directly to the pallace to salute the Infanta who committed her selfe wholly into their hands The king hauing notice hereof departed very melancholy from Medina with such troupes as hee could get about him and marched towards Cuellar where in the mid way the Castle of Iscar was assayled at the intreatie of the Earle of Treuigno in which Castle the Earle of Plaisance kept the Earle of Treuigno's mother in dishonest manner the place beeing taken the Countesse was sent away prisoner by her sonne into his countrie The losse of Segobia did much grieue the the King for his aboade there pleased him aboue all other as well because hee was brought vp there from his infancie The King forsaken of his people as for the wood of Balsain and other places thereabouts fitte for hunting and also in regard of his treasure which lay in the castle thereof and the griefe and feeling of his aduersities did so oppresse him as beeing desperate and almost besides himselfe he was contented to be drawne by the deuices of the Master of Saint Iames to the towne of Coca vnder the promise and assurance of the Archbishoppe of Seuille not telling or making it knowne to any of the Lords or Knights of his trayne and taking but a very few of his houshold seruants with him Wherefore all men beeing discontented with these courses which did manifestly tend to the ruine of the King and of those which did him seruice they with-drew themselues discontented to their owne houses The Kings Officers and houshold seruants seeing themselues forsaken and left in so pittifull and miserable estate were ashamed to tell vnto whome they did belong when they came to any place The Licentiate Diego Henriques the Kings Chronicler hauing obtayned a safe conduct Diego Henriques King Henries Chronicler came to Segobia where hee had a house wherin were diuers goods and papers of great consequence but neuerthelesse he was taken and ill intreated his goods stolen and his writings scattered abroade to the great danger of his person if God had not drawne him out of their hands for the Rebels were greatly mooued against him because that in his written memories and chronicles hee had set downe the truth of their proceedings The king beeing come to Coca they changed the place and their opinion was to conferre at Segobia in the castle of which cittie hee was lodged and entertayned by the Earle of Alua and the Master of Alcantara albeit that Peruchâ— de Munsaras Captaine of the place was not well contented therewith The King and the Master of Saint Iames meeting afterward in the great Church Other agreement betwixt the king and the rebels after diuers reasons on either side it was agreed that the king should consent that the fort of Segobia should remayne vnder the command of the Master of Saint Iames the kings treasures and mooueables to be kept safe and restored to him who should send them to the castle of Madrid the Captaine-ship of which with the keeping of those things the King should graunt to Perucho de Munsaras Moreouer that the Queene should bee giuen in hostage and left in trust with the Arch-bishop of Seuile for sixe moneths within which time the King should be restored to all his former honour and dignitie These articles were afterward performed the treasures transported to Madrid and Queene Ioane was sent to the castle of Alaejos Euill life of Queene Ioanâ— of Castile where holding on the course of life which the King had taught her shee fell in loue with a certaine young man by whome shee had two children which was the cause of many vnworthie outrages as shall bee hereafter declared After this treatie the King beeing in as lamentable an estate as before went vppe and done his kingdome no otherwise than if hee had beene a poore
sworne to by the King and the Princes and that for the peace of the Kingdome all crimes and offences how heinous soeuer should be generally pardoned that had beene committed til the Kings present comming into the country re-establishing by full power and royall authority euery man in his honor goods and reputation reuoking and adnulling all sentences and proceedings made to the contrary That all places townes and castles which had beene taken from one an other all offices as wel Ecclesiasticall as secular vsurped since the taking of the castle of Morillo should bee restored to the first lawfull possessors thereof within the terme of seuen monthes excepting the moueables and frutes which were spent reiecting al guifts grants and ingagements made by the King Princes or any other Neuerthelesse herein was not to be comprehended the differences betwixt the Earle of Lerin and Lord Iohn of Beaumont and Charles de Artieda against D. Pedro of Peralta Constable of Nauarre and the Marshall of Nauarre who were enioyned to submit themselues to the Kings obedience within twelue daies after the publication hereof to the end to determine those strifes by way of Iustice vpon paine doing the contrary to be held as contumelious rebels and for such to be pursued and punished as disturbers of the publike quiet That all those who had beene wrongfully imprisoned since the surceance made by the Archbishop of Saragossa the Kings sonne in his name and the Princes should bee released and set at liberty paying their charges That the truce granted by them or their captaines should bee kept as well to strangers as the naturall subiects both in their persons and goods That whatsoeuer had beene taken and retaken to the preiudice of the same truce should be restored and deliuered without other ransome then paying their expences that the promises and obligations made in writing or by word of mouth betwixt the naturall subiects by reason of such prises made since the surcease should be of no effect and the Ecclesiasticall ordinaries should bee admonished to absolue them from their othes made in that behalfe enioyning euery one to set the prisoners at liberty within fifteene daies and not to ganesay this present treaty vpon forefeiture of two thousand royalls of gold to the Kings coffers As concerning the castle of Leguin belonging to the Prior of Rounceual which had beene taken before with great store of goods belonging as well to the prior as the Monastery they who had taken the same goods were enioyned to restore them or the value thereof seeing the Prior had alway beene a faithfull seruant to the King and the Princes That the King and the Princes should sollemnely sweare to cause all the heads and Articles aboue mentioned to bee effectually obserued and kept in euery point These things agreed vpon were published in the castle or pallace of Olita vpon Thursday the thirtith day of May in the yeere 1471. and were receiued by the secretary Iohn of Saint Iordi the Bishop of Oleron taking the oth with promise made by the Princesse Donna Leonora to cause the Earle her husband to confirme these Articles an authenticall coppy whereof sealed with the Earles seale she would send to the King her father At which were present the Bishop of Oleroni Pedro Lord of Ros the Earles Ambassador Frier Bernard Hugh de Rocabertin captaine of the Castle of Amposta Roderigo de Robolledo Gomes Suares of Figueroa and Iohn Payes the Kings Vicechancellor After that the Princesse hauing ample procuration from her husband dated at the Bathes of Caudes Aigues in the valley of Dosan sworne in his name to the Bishop of Oleron to obserue the aboue named couenants in the presence of the captaine of the castle of Amposta Iohn Payes the Vicechancellor and D. Fernand of Baquedan vickar generall of the Church of Pampelona All these capitulations were not of force to cease the troubles of Nauarre which continued along time after As concerning the affaires of Castile King Henry after resolution taken about the marriages of the Princesse his sister Castile and of Donna Ioane in Portugall beeing desirous to set downe some good some of gouernment in his Kingdome called a Parliament at the city of Ocagna where the deputies of the townes and communalties did meete except those of Andaluzia the great Lords of which Prouince were not well pleased with the dealings of the Maister of Saint Iames whereat the King was much mooued but most of al wheÌ„ he vnderstood of the marriag which was intended against his wiâ— betwixt the Princesse his sister and the new King of Sicil Fernand of Arragon which made him now more then before desirous to aduance Donna Ioane whom hee stâ—ll aduoâ—ved for his daughter notwithstanding he hated the Queene her mother by reason of her bad life which he himselfe had taught her wherefore with his owne hand hee wrote a letter to the Pope intreating him not confirme the succession of the Kingdome of Castile sworne to the Princesse Isabella but to grant it to Donna Ioane Hee wrote also to his agent at Rome Doctor Roderigo de Vergara borne in Logrogna and likewise to King Alphonso of Portugal to the end that he should make the like request to the Pope this was not done so secretly but that the Archbishop of Siuill had notice thereof who had it not beene for feare of the Maister of Saint Iames who delt in this businesse would willingly haue dashed that matter The King leauing Ocagna came to madrid where hee found Iohn Fernandes Galindo captaine and gouernor of the fort of Madrid and keeper of his treasures sicke to death at whose entreaty hee gaue the charge of the fort and of that which was in it to Andrew of Cabrera his Steward whom hee did dayly aduance and made partaker of his greatest secrets The city of Leon about that time had like to haue beene surprised by Diego Fernand de Quignones Earle of Luna but the practize being discouerd Aluar Garcia Citizen of the same towne with whom the Earle had intelligence was taken and beheaded as a traitor At the intreaty of the Maister of Saint Iames the King returned to Ocagna where hee gaue the title of Marquis of Villena to Diego Lopes Pacheco his eldest sonne Diego Lopes de Pacheco sonne to the Maister of Saint Iames made Marquis of Villena a braue knight who soone after Married the Countesse of Saint Stephen de Gormas daughter to Don Iohn de Luna Earle of Saint Stephen and grand-child to the Constable Aluar de Luna who was in the keeping of the Maister of Saint Iames who was at the same time confirmed in his Maistership by the Pope and possessed more riches then any Lord of Spaine The King of Portugall sollicited by King Henry about the marriage of the Princesse Donna Isabella sent his Ambassadors the Archbishop of Lisbone and two other Lords who were at the Court more then twenty daies without concluding any thing by reason that the
manned where Diego de Merlo Don Martin of Cordoua and Hernand Carillo remayned Captaines After that the armie was gone the King of Granado hauing notice thereof he did foorth-with returne backe to assayle Alhama and brought at this time no more engines of batterie with him than at the former but only a great number of ladders thinking in regard it was not yet thoroughly fortified nor rampired to take it by the multitude of his souldiers and at last hauing assayled it day and night without ceassing he earely in a morning scaled it in a place which was not thought vppon so as he put three-score and ten Moorish souldiers into it and had caused greater numbers to haue entred had not a souldier perceyued them and giuen the alarme wherefore the Christians running to that place did cut in peeces those that were entred and repulsed the rest who endeauoured to follow them The successe of those assaults was not according to king Muley Albohacens expectation therefore he went thence once againe with an intent to returne thither with artillerie In the meane space Queene Izabella hauing left the Admirall Viceroy of Castile marched with those forces which she had leauied towards Cordoua to meete the King being attended on by the Constable who refused to be Viceroy of Castile saying that warre and armes were the proper offices belonging to an high Constable of Spaine The Kings Councell did determine and almost conclude to raze the Cittie of Alhama Alhama preserued at the instance of Q. Izaâ—el inregard it stoode in the middest of the Realme of Granado and therefore very hardly to be kept but the Queene who was desirous to preserue it as the first conquest of her raigne did perswade the contrarie so as it was not ruined and order was giuen to assayle and take in all the sorts and castles nere adioyning The Kings came after that to Eccia Death of Don Alphonso Carillâ— where they receyued newes of the decease of D. Alphonso Carillo of Acugna Arch-bishop of Toledo who dyed at Alcala de Henares they procured the election to the same dignitie for the Cardinall Pero Gonçales of Mendoza the seuentith Arch-bishop of that Sea and Primate of Spaine and the Arch-bishoppricke of Siuile was giuen to Don Inigo Manriques Bishop of Iaen There were at the same time with the King Don Diego Hurtado of Mendoza Bishop of Palence the Masters of Saint Iames and Calarraua the Constable the Dukes of Villa-hermosa Infantasgo Medina Celi Albuquerque the Marquis of Villena and Cales the Earles of Vregna Cabra Treuigno Tendilla Cifuentes and Benalcaçar Don Alphonso d'Aguilar Don Henry Henriques great Master and the Kings vncle Iohn Chacon Roderigo of Vlloa Don Frederick of Toledo sonne to the Duke of Alua Don Iohn de Ribera Lord of Montmajor Don Alphonso of Cardenaz Don Antonio Fonseca Hernand of Vega with other Lords and Knights of great name Don Iohn of Estuniga master of Alcantara by reason of his young yeares was absent with his father the Duke of Plaisance With this companie the king departed from Eccia with eight thousand horse and great numbers of foot and came to Alhama the which they fortified with rampars bulwarkes and other sufficient defences and the king made Don Lewis Fernandes Porto Carrero Lord of Palma Gouernor thereof leauing him foure hundred horse the Cardinall did purifie and blesse the three Mesquites or churches with the accustomed ceremonies and dedicated them to other vses then the army began to ouer-run the country on euery side whilst the queene busied her selfe in prouiding victuals armes munition and other necessaries for the wars The Christian army being strengthened with new supplies did presently beseege Loxa and was lodged amongst the Oliue trees vallies and little hils neere to the riuer of Guadaxenil The Mooreking on his part lost neither time nor courage but fortified and desended the passages and streights by the which the enemies might assayle him and approch towards Granado sending to the Kings and Potentates of Affrica to aduertize them of the dangerous warre wherein he was ingaged intreating them for the religion common betwixt them for the honour of their nation for the equall danger which threatned them if Granado should be lost that they would come or send to his ayde and he did in the meane time oppose his owne forces against the Christians and on either part there were valiant incounters and skirmishes performed where neuerthelesse Don Roderigo Telles Giron Master of Calatraua's happe was hard who dyed beeing shot thorough the bodie with two poysoned arrowes The Moores make surious saâ—lies vppon the Christians and Don Garcia Lopes of Padilla was promoted to his place and was the last Master of that Order King Fernand beeing desirous to change and alter the seate and lodging of his armie to a more conuenient place there were sharpe skirmishes in the remoouing of the campe where the Constable receyued two wounds in his face the beseeged who were not aboue three thousand made continuall sallies vppon the Christians with such furie and brauing as it was to be wondred at and did oftentimes put the great Lords and Captaines which kept those quarters which they assayled in great danger of their liues committing notable spoyles vppon their troupes and the Duke of Medina Celi and the Earle of Tendilla did hardly escape with their liues beeing rescued by the forces of the Earle of Playsance which his sonne Don Franciso of Estuniga brought to their ayde the Kings owne person was likewise succored by Don Iohn de Ribera Lord of Montmajor assisted greatly by Don Fredericke of Toledo sonne to the Duke of Alua Don Antonio de Fonseca Don Alphonso of Cardenaz and Hernand of Vega. Such was the enraged hardinesse of the Moores as notwithstanding that they were beaten backe and streightly shut in by the valour and industrie of the Marquis of Cales The seege of Loxa raised yet they constrayned King Fernand to raise his seege and returne to Cordoua The souldiers which lay in Alhama hauing notice of what had happened and of the Kings retreate from before Loxa fearing that the Moores would returne to beseege them cryed out to haue the towne razed and ouerthrowne and to returne home to their houses but Don Lewis Fernandes Porto Carrero and Pero Ruis of Alarcon with others did oppose themselues against it and hindred it The king of Granado came thither the third time and did greatly annoy them but they valiantly defended themselues vntill K. Fernand came with succour to deliuer them from the seege who changed both the garrison and the Gouernour and left other souldiers there vnder the commaund of Dou Lewis Osorio Arch-deacon of Astorga and brother to the Marquis of the same place That beeing done the Christian armie did forrage burn and spoyle the countrie of Granado from whence they carried away much spoile and many prisoners to Cordoua Mahomet Boabdellin called the Little and the twentith king of Granado THe Christian
on by the Cardinall of Spaine by Don Lewis Osorio Bishop of Iaen Alphonso de Cardegna Maister of Saint Iames Iohn de Estuniga Maister of Alcantara Don Rodrigo Alphonso Pimentell Earle of Benauent Don Lorenzâ— Suares de Figueroa Earle of Feria Don Pedro Porto caâ—ero Lord of Palma Rodrigo de Vlloa who went as Ambassador with other great numbers of nobilitie With this company the Princesse arriued at Badajos in the beginning of Nouember 〈◊〉 a small streame diuiding Castile from Portugal and passing on to the bridge of Caia ouer a little streame which deuided Castile from Portugall shee was deliuered into the hands of Don Manuell Duke of Beja cousin germaine to the King who beeing accompanied with the Bishops of Ebora and Coimbra with the Earles of Monsanto and Marialua and diuerse other Knights they brought her to Estremos where King Iohn and the Prince his sonne met her and in that place they were married by George d' Acosta Archbishop of Braga after that they went to Ebora Mariage of the Infants D. Alphonso of Portugall and Isabell of Castile where they feasted with great pompe and magnificence Don George bastard sonne to the King was present at the wedding who was newly come from the Monastery of Iesus d'Auero where hee had till then beene brought vp vnder the gouernment of Don Ioane his Aunt the Kings sister who dyed not long before At these feasts the King maintained the tilt against all knights that would runne furnishing them with horse and armor This yeare one thousand foure hundred ninety and one the kings of Castile beeing at Siuill Castille they began to giue order for the siege of Granado sending for the Knights and men of warre from all places of the kingdome as well on this side as beyond the hills commanding them to meete at Alcala the reall to which place they went in the moneth of Aprill hauing in their company the Prince and the Infantas their children who with the Queene remained at Alcala The king passing on into the plaine countrey of Granado with the Armie consisting of ten thousand horse and about forty thousand footemen in the which were in person the Maister of Saint Iames the Marquis of Villena hee of Cales and his brother in lawe Don Rodrigo Ponce de Leon who did begin this warre the Earles of Vregna Cabro Cifuentes and Don Alphonso de Aguilar diuerse great Lords which came not themselues sent thither their forces The Constable remained Viceroy in Castile the old The Campe hauing marched as farre as the place called Los ojos de Huescar stayed there and the Marquis of Vellena was sent with 3. thousand horse and 5. thousand foot into the valley of Aletin to other places and passages of the country called Alpuxarras to spoile it and because the King was aduertized that in the same country were a great number of Moores able to make resistance he followed the Marquis and passing along by Granado he maintained skirmish with diuers Moores which came forth for that purpose who with great losse were repulsed the King went forward and by the way met the Marquis and his troupes as they returned who had burned and destroied nine townes and slue more then fiue hundred Moores whom they found carelesse and secure thinking themselues safe from any search in those sharpe and stony places so their forces beeing ioyned together they returned againe into Las Alpuxarras to make an end of spoyling what was left And King Fernand hauing notice that three captaines of the Moores were come forth of Granado and had made themselues masters of a passage he sent the Marquis thither who fought with them and draue them thence hee slue aboue one hundred of them and tooke three score prisoners and they destroied fifteene townes more in the country besides those nine aboue mentioned with great store of spoile which they carried away with them for the Moores did alwaies thinke that their goods were safer in those places then in the city of Granado After which exploit the army was brought backe to Pradal from thence marched to a place called Gosto There the king by the aduice of the Lords which were with him Seege of Granada caused the compasse of a city to be measured out which was called Saint Foy with an intent to build houses in that place for the beginning of the army if it should be constrained to winter there and if the seege of Granado should bee drawne out in length The city of Holy faith as it was greatly feared they gaue it the title of Saint Foy in regard that warre was vndertaken for the augmentation of the Holy Christian faith Round about the foresaid compasse the campe was lodged being fortified and rampired with trenches and walls for feare of surprizes in which workes the Moores failed not to hinder them by comming forth of Granado with continual skirmishes The Queene with her children came from Alcala to the campe the Maister of Saint Iames and the Marquis of Cales went forth to meet them and she with her Ladies were lodged in the safest place of al the campe and they did oftentimes ride about the quarters where for their disport they did many times behold the fights and skirmishes which were almost euery houre made a farre off and one especially among the rest where as the Moores in great troupes being come forthwith two peeces of Artillery A great skirmish wherein the Moores are defeated did loose them with 600. of their men slaine vpon the place and more then fourteene hundred of them hurt the Marquis of Cales leading the Christians who attributed that victory to the Queenes good hap and she ascribed it to the Marquis his good fortune Now those of Granado were not long able to hold out for the greater numbers of horsmen which were wont to sally forth of the city Great necessity in the city of Granado were so diminished as they hardly had 300. horse of seruice the rest were lost and consumed in the last wars and besides this the city which conteined aboue 200. thousand persons was very ill prouided of victuals so that diuers caualiers and men of great note began to deuise means how to treat with the Christians for their safty to be short al of them considering the state whereinto they were brought and that they had no hope or expectation of reliefe from any place they were glad to hearken vnto composition and agreement in yeelding vp the city to the Kings of Castile wherefore King Mahomet the Little resolued to giue place to necessity and to receiue this fattall wound to fall from his crowne and regall dignity and to become vassal and subiect to his enemies and to that purpose he sent to entreat the Kings to appoint commissioners to treat and compound with him This newes was pleasing to the Christians who did not thinke to haue gotten it so good cheape therefore D. Gonçall Hernandes de Cordoua
being Lieutenant to the Earle of Sussex to enter which after he and foure or fiue other souldiers more had done the like charge was giuen to Captaine Pooley who carried the Generals red Ensigne whereupon sir Arthur Sauage Captain of the Earles company with diuers Gentlemen followers and seruants to his Lordship took the same course In the mean time whilest that thirtie or fortie were thus entred into the Towne the Lord Marshal who besides his own soldiers had with him the generals gard of partizans forced the Port which his Lordship espying being not ten paces from it hee presently turned from the leape and entred that way carrying with him all the chiefe Aduenturers of the armie and worthy Sir Iohn Wingfield who before had flaine a Commaunder of the enemies with his pike and was cast behind hauing a shot in the thigh but hauing recouered one of the enemies horses hee came vp presently to second them not staying for any dressing From the entrance of the English into the Towne vntill they came vnto the Market place the enemie fought with them continually and kept them play aboue halfe an houre before they could recouer it yet at the last hauing wonne the place from them they notwithstanding so flanked it and kept their houses which were built like castles as they slue many of the English and among others that valiant gentleman Sir Iohn Wingfield who though vnarmed offered himselfe continually to all daungers so as hee was shot in the head from the castle which did continually play vpon those that made good this market place At length they got into the houses which annoyed them and slue those they found in them And as the Lord Generall before it was darke cleered all thereabouts but the castle or that which they call the vpper Towne so the Lord Marshall cleered all the other side towards the water and brought those that were in the Fort and Bulwarke of Saint Philip to sue for mercie which done the Generals entred the Towne-house whither all the chiefe citizens came to kisse their feet The next morning both the Castle and forts yeelded to their mercie without any other conditions The poore and baser sort were dismist and all women of qualitie whatsoeuer The Corrigidor deliuered his sword vnto the Generall offering to bee his prisoner and to giue for himselfe and some others of good place twelue thousand ducats no man was slaine vpon cold bloud it was held there were about two thousand Spaniards slaine in the furie of the fight Besides the chiefe Commanders of the armie who had giuen many proofs of their valor and experience in martial affairs there were many gallant gentlemen which serued worthily in this action whome in the end the Generall rewarded with the honour of knight-hood I may not forget to â—ake particular mention of Sir Samuel Bagnol who receiued eight wounds with the pike and sword whome the Lord Generall meeting in the market place all bloudie knighted to the incouragement of all others before that either the castle was taken in or the whole Towne wonne The towne was verie rich and did much inrich the armie but the worthiest men got least for they were fighting whilest the baser sort intended nothing but pillage and spoile There was good store of brasse ordnance and though no great yet very happie store of poulder for the English hauing not aboue twelue hundred men their poulder was spent and they were ouerlaied on all sides with the number of the enemies shot who hurt and slue their men from the houses when they had made them quit the streets they found by chance by the market place such poulder as they had brought for their owne defence and the supply of their men that shold fight there with the which they serued their turnes till their succours were entred and the Towne assured The Prouisions of Sea for the kings fleet King of Spaines 〈◊〉 at Cadiz as mastes pike-staues deale-boards caske and all kinde of shot cables anchors wine oyle vinegar rice sugars and such like things were of great value and will not be supplied by the king of Spain in many yearâ—s And as for his losse in shipping the kings Officers of his nauie who were then taken prisoners did protest with sighes and teares that nineteene of the ships which they had spoiled with the S. Mathew and Saint Andrew which they had taken were able to beat the greatest part of ships that the king hath in all the world So as laying together the ruining of the Kings Fleet the enioying of some of his great ships of warre which before had neuer beene done the burning of the Indian fleet of Merchants whose lading the prisoners confest to haue beene worth eight Millions the impeaching him to send that yeare to releeue his men at the West-Indies and so by consequence to receiue no treasure from thence the next yeare the â—aking of the Citie wherein were foure thousand foot and sixe hundred horse of the chiefe caualiers of Andaluzia the sacking of this place from whence he is to set out all his fleets for the West Indies and the spoyle of all his prouisions there All this I say layed together will proue one of the greatest blowes that euer Spaine receiued Yet all this was done in one day and without any great losse for in the whole fleet there was not any man of note but Sir Iohn Wingfield slaine At the assault and winning of the towne many gentlemen were hurt and some slaine and yet not many considering the strength of the place and the nature of the attempt As soone as the English fleet was entred into the road and that the Spaniards had discouered the Dutch squadron in the fight immediately both at Seuille Saint Lucar and some other places they did not onely arrest all such Dutch ships as dealt with them friendly by way of trade and marchandise but did confiscat their goods and did imprison the marchants and owners of the same and as it was reported did intreat many of them verie cruelly The English being masters of the towne of Cadiz the two Generals had an especiall care for the well-intreating of all religious persons both men and women whom they caused to be freely transported ouer to port Sancta Maria without any ransome or other molestation and giuing the bishop of Cusco free passage without ransome they let him vnderstand That they came not to deale with Church-men or vnarmed men and men of peace or with children neither was it their intent to make this voyage for gold siluer or any other riches but that their onely comming was to meet with their dishonourable practises and many iniuries and to deale with men of warre and valour for the defence of the true honour of England and to let them vnderstand that whensoeuer they attempted any base and dishonourable practise against their Soueraigne Queene and Mistresse that it should be reuenged The day before the English departed from Cadiz being
of day some of the English troupes aduance hee made a stand and then retired to the body of their armie The Lord Deputy giuing the charge of the camp to Sir George Carew then L. President of Munster to attend the Spaniards within the towne hee drewe forth part of his forces beeing about foure hundred horse and a thousand and two hundred foot and hearing that the enemie retired disorderly Rebels and Spaniards defeated in Ireland hee aduanced towards them who still retired with feare In the end omitting euery particular circumstance touching the marshalling of the English armie to them that write that historie they ouertooke the rebells charged them and put them to rout The Spaniards being abandoned by the Irish were almost all slaine D. Alonso d' Ocampo their colonell with three Captaines sixe Alferez and fortie souldiers were taken prisoners There were found of Irish onely twelue hundred bodies dead vpon the place and about twelue hundred hurt whereof many died that night The rebels lost two thousand armes which were brought forth all their munition their drummes nine ensignes whereof sixe were Spanish the English had but one man slaine and not aboue tenne hurt Thus they got a miraculous victorie to the great honor of the Lord Deputie and of all that commanded vnder him After this glorious victorie the Lord Deputie posted that present day vnto the camp lest the Spaniard should haue made some sally in his absence but they had not attempted any thing the next day he commaunded the approaches vnto the towne should be aduanced nearer But after fiue or sixe daies worke D. Iohn d' Aquilar who commanded the forces within the towne offered to parle and sent a drumme with a letter sealed vp to the Lord Deputie by the which he demaunded that some men of qualitie and sufficiencie might be sent into the towne from his Lordship to conferre with him whom hee would acquaint with such conditions as hee then stood vpon whereunto the Lord Deputie condescended imploying sir William Godolphin in that busines the which was managed after this maner according to the originall D. Iohn told sir William D. Iohn d' Aquilars speech that hauing found the Lord Deputie whom hee termed Viceroy although a furious and powerfull yet an honourable enemie and the Irish not onely weake and barbarous but as he feared treacherous friends he was so farre in his affections reconciled to the one and distasted with the other as it did inuite him to make an ouerture of such a composition as might be safe and profitable for the state of England with least preiudice to the Crowne of Spaine by deliuering into the Viceroyes power the towne of Kinsale with all other places in Ireland held by the Spanish so as they might depart vpon honourable termes fit for such men of warre as are not inforced by necessitie to receiue conditions but willingly induced vpon iust respects to disingage themselues and to leaue a people by whom their king and master had bin so notoriously abused if not betrayed That if the Viceroy liked to entertaine further parley touching this point he would first be pleased to vnderstand them rightly and to make his Propositions such as might be sutable to men throughly resolued rather to bury themselues aliue and to indure a thousand deaths than to giue way to one article that should tast of basenesse or dishonor being so confident of their present strength and the royall succors of Spaine as they should make no doubt of yielding a good accompt of themselues and of their interest in this kingdome but that a just disdaine and splene conceiued against the nation dissuaded them from beeing farther ingaged for it than of necessitie they must Sir William Godolphin hauing charge from the Lord Deputie only to receiue D. Iohns propositions and demaunds hauing made this relation to his Lordship and the Councell he was sent backe by them with this answer following That although the Lord Deputie hauing lately defeated their succours Answer from the Lord Deputie to D. Iohn did so well vnderstand his owne strength and their weakenesse as it made him nothing doubt of forcing them within a short time whom hee knew to be prest with vnresistable difficulties how much soeuer they laboured to couer and conceale them yet knowing that her sacred Maiestie out of her gratious and mercifull disposition would think the glorie of her victorie blemished by a voluntary effusion and obstinate expence of bloud was content to entertaine this offer of agreement so as it might be concluded vnder such honourable Articles for her Highnesse as the aduantage she had against them gaue reason to demaund The which were the same that are set downe in the Articles of Agreement following signed by the Lord Deputie D. Iohn and others sauing that there was an Article more in them for the leauing of his treasure munition ordnaunce and the Queens naturall subiects to her disposition all which points he did peremptorily refuse Protesting that both he and all his would rather indure the last of miseries than be found guilty of so soule a treason against the honor of his prince and the reputation of his profession although hee should find himselfe vnable to subsist much more now when as hee might not onely hope to sustaine the burthen of the warre for a time but with patience and constancy in the end ouercome it That hee tooke it so ill to be misunderstood in hauing articles of that nature propounded vnto him as were they but once againe remembred in the capitulation the Viceroy should from thenceforth vse aduantage of his sword and not the benefit of his former offer adding that the Viceroy might rather thinke to haue made a good and profitable purchase for the realme of England if with the expence of two hundred thousand ducats hee had procured D. Iohn to quit his interest and sooting but in Baltemore alone speaking nothing of Kinsale Castel-hauen Beerhauen for said he suppose that all wee with the rest of our places here had perished yet would that Peninsula being strong of its owne nature bettered by our art and industrie furnished as it is with victuals munition and good store of ordnance preserue vnto the king of Spaine a safe and commodious Port for the arriuall of his fleet and bee able to maintaine it selfe against a Land armie of tenne thousand vntill Spaine being so deepely ingaged did in honour releeue them which would drawe on a more powerfull inuasion than the first being vndertaken vpon false groundes at the instance of a base and barbarous people who in discouering their weakenesse and want of power haue armed the king my master to relie vpon his owne strength being bound in honour to relieue his people which are ingaged and to cancel the memorie of our former misfortunes But this is spoken said he in case the Viceroy be able to force this town as I assure my selfe hee cannot hauing vpon mine honour
Isabel were Isabel. Constance Alphonso By concubines Bastards D. Alphonso author of the familie of Albuquerque D. Peter who gaue himselfe vnto learning and made a booke of the great houses of Spaine D. Iohn D. Ferdinand A daughter maried to D. Iohn de la Cerde Another daughter a Nunne VII D. ALPHONSO the fourth sonne to D. Denis in the year 1325 hee raigned thirtie two yeares D. BEATRIX of Castille his wife mother to D. Pedro King D. Maria. D. Alphonso D. Denis D. Iohn D. Leonora or Fluira Queene of Arragon VIII D. PEDRO 1 of that name son to D. Alphonso 4 in the yere 1357 he raigned 10 yeres D. BLANCHE daughter to D. Pedro king of Castille whom he put away and then maried D. CONSTANCE daughter to D. Iohn Manuel mother to D. Lewis who died an infant D. Ferdinand King D. Marie wife to D. Ferdinand of Arragon D. Beatrix died young By AGNES de Castro a clandestine mariage D. Alphonso D. Iohn D. Denis D. Beatrix Countesse of Albuquerque D. Theresa Gallega a concubine D. Iohn who was King IX D. FERDINAND sonne to D. Pedro in the yere 1367 he raigned seuenteene yeres D. LEONORA TELLES de Meueses his wife D. Beatrix queene of Castille By a concubine he had Isabella Countesse of Gijon X. D. IOHN first of that name base sonne to the king D. Pedro he got the realme by his sword and also by election in the yere 1385 from D. Iohn king of Castille and D. Beatrix his wife He was before master of Auiz He raigned 49 yeres D. PHILIP of Lancaster an English woman his wife mother to D. Blanche D. Alphonso D. Edward king D. Pedro duke of Coimbra who maried D. Isabel of Arragon and had D. Pedro Constable who thought to be king of Arragon D. Iohn king of Cypres D. Isabel queene of Portugall D. Philip a Nunne D. Iames a Cardinall D. Beatrix wife to the Lord of Rauestaine D. Henrie duke of Viseo D. Isabel duchesse of Bourgondie D. Iohn Master of Saint Iames father to D. Isabel who was queene of Castille D. Ferdinand Master of Auiz Besides these lawfull children the king D. Iohn had by D. Agnes a concubine D. Beatrix Countesse of Arundel D. Alphonso Earle of Oren and Barcellos and duke of Bragance XI D. EDVVARD sonne to D. Iohn the first in the yere 1433 he raigned fiue yeres D. LEONORA of Arragon daughter to D. Ferdinand the first his wife mother to Children D. Alphonso king D. Ferdinand Duke of Viseo who maried D. Beatrix daughter to his vncle D. Iohn Master of S. Iames and had D. Leonora queene D. Dominike D. Emanuel king D. Isabel Duchesse of Bragance D. Philip a daughter D. Leonora wife to the Emperour Frederic the third D. Katherine D. Ioane queene of Castille XII D. ALPHONSO fift of that name sonne to D. Edward in the yeare 1438 and raigned 43 yeres D. ISABEL daughter to his vncle D. Pedro Duke of Coiâ—bra his wife mother to D. Iohn who died young D. Ioane D. Iohn king whom some call Ferdinand and make him father to Iohn which raigned and adde a third sonne D. Henrie XIII D. IOHN second of that name son to D. Alphonso the fift in the yere 1481 he raigned foureteene yeres D. LEONORA daughter to D. Ferdinand Duke of Viseo mother to D. Alphonso who died before his father By D. Anna de Mendosa a concubine D. George Master of S. Iames and Auiz XIIII D. EMANVEL Sonne to D. Ferdinand duke of Viseo by right and also by the nomination of king Iohn was king of Portugal in the yeare 1495 and raigned 26 yeares he maried first D. ISABELL eldest Daughter to D. Ferdinand and D. Isabell Kings of Castille and Arragon mother to D. Michel who liued little D. MARIA Sister to the said D. Isabell his second wife by whome hee had D. Iohn king D. Isabell Queene of Castille and Empresse D. Beatrix Duchesse of Sauoy D. Lewis father to D. Anthony the Bastard chosen king after Cardinall Henry his Vncle. D. Henry Cardinall D. Alfonso Cardinall D. Catherine D. Ferdinand D. Edward husband to Isabell daughter to Iohn or Iaime duke of Bragance had Marie duchesse of Parma Catherine duchesse of Bragance wife to Iohn second sonne to Theodosius Edward an after birth died in the yere 1576. D. Anthony he died soone after he was borne D. LEONORA sister to the Emperour Charles the fift mother to D. Charles he died an Infant D. Marie who being 56 yeres old died at Lisbone in the yeare 1578. XV. D. IOHN 3 of that name Sonne to D. Emanuell king of Portugall in the yeare 1521 he raigned thirty and sixe yeares D. CATHERINE sister to the Emperour Charles his wife mother to D. Alfonso D. Marie Princesse of Castille D. Catherine D. Beatrix D. Emanuell D. Philip. D. Iohn Prince father to D. Sebastian husband to D. Ioane daughter to the Emperour Charles D. Anthonie XXI D. SEBASTIAN Sonne to the Prince D. Iohn in the yeare 1557 hee raigned one and twentie yeares and died in Afrike leauing no heires XVII D. HENRY Cardinall Archbishop of Ebora sonne to the King D. Emanuel in the yeare 1578 he raigned about a yeare and a halfe XVIII D. PHILIP 2 king of Castille vnited the Realme of Portugall to Castille by force after the Cardinals death in the yeare one thousand fiue hundred and eighty and held it eighteene yeares XIX D. PHILIP the third doth now hold this Realme ⧠Archbishops of Toledo Eugenius first Archbishop Pelagius Patruuius Turibio Quince Vincent Paulacius or Pauiat Natalis Audens Astur Isicius Maioran Castin Melancius Campeius Cintuacinus Patron Paramacius Peter 1. Celsus Montanus Iulian 1. Bacchand Peter 2. Eufemius Excipius Adelphius Aurasius Heladius Iustus Eugenius 2. Eugenius 3. Illefonsus Quiricius Iulian 2. Sesebert or Sicarius S. Felix Gunderic or Guttiere Sinderic Opas Vrbain In the time of the Moores Peter Cixilas After the Conquest of the Citie of Toledo from the Moores Bernard Abbot of Sahagun Raymond Iohn 1. Celebrun Gonsal 1. Martin Roderigo Ximenes Iohn 2. Guttiere 2. Pascal Sancho 1. Sancho 2 Infant of Arragon Gensal 2 Cardinall Guttiere 3. Gonsal 3. Iohn 3 Infant of Arragon Ximene de Luna Gill Carillo d' Albornos Cardinall Blaise Blasco Gomez Manrique Pedro Tenorio 4. Pedro de Luna 5 Sancho de Roias Iohn de Contreras 4. Iohn de Cerezuela 5. Guttiere Gomes de Toledo Alfonso Carillo de Acugna Pedro Gonsal de Mendosa a Cardinal Francis Ximenes a Cardinall William of Croy. Alfonso Fonseca of Azeneda Iohn Tauera Cardinall Iohn Martines Siliceo Cardinall Frier Barthelmew Carranza de Miranda 76. Archbishops Moores Gouernors vnder the Miralmumins or kings of Affrike Musa in the yeare 714 Tarif Abdulazis tooke the royal diademe at Seuille Aiub who restored the ancient Bilbilis and called it Calataiub Alabor Adam Abderrahamen Iahea Adaifa Alcazazin Hieman Autuman Alhatan Manes Mahumet Abderrahamen Abdimelic Abubacar Redoan Toaba Ioseph Soueraigne kings at Cordoua ouer the other Princes Moores in Spaine
whereof the two Kings met in the church called our Lady of Montagu League confirmed betwixt Nauar and Arragon where they did capitulate and it was sayd that the King D. Iaime should defend the realme of Nauarre against al and that not any one of the two Kings should make any peace or truce without the consent of the other for assurance whereof especially of the aboue mentioned marriages there was deliuered in pawne for King Thibaud the forts of Gallipienço Arguedas Monreal and for Arragon the castles of Rueda Sos and Vncastillo which places should remaine in the hands of certaine knights of Nauarre who notwithstanding should be discharged by the King of Nauar of the oth which they did owe him and with his consent should take an oth to the King of Arragon with a reseruation and promise to yeeld the places to him against whom the other had made the offence all this was promised and sworne by both Kings and the chiefe of their subiects for the King of Nauarre by D. Sancho Fernandes of Montagu Seneshal of the realme D. Garcia Almorauid D. Gil of Rada D. Gonçalo Yuanes of Batzan D. Martin Ximenes of Ayuar Fernand of Leet Ramir Perez of Arronis D. Corbaran of Leet D. Artal of Luna D. Pedro of Varillas and other knights with six Bourgeses of Tudele and for the King of Arragon D. Alphonso Infant of Arragon D. Garcia Bishop of Tarrassone D. Garcia Romeo D. Pedro Cornel D. Symon de Fosses D. Frederic Lizana D. Pedro Martines de Luna D. Sancho d' Antilla and others In this league were comprehended and named by the King of Nauar the King of France and his brethren and by the King D. Iaime Charles Earle of Prouence brother to the French King This being concluded betwixt these Kings the warre grew hot and furious vpon the frontiers of Nauarre and Castille where the King of Arragon did more willingly assist for that the same yeer the Moores of the country of Valencia being rebelled to the number of 60000. vnder one Alardrac their leader and captaine the King of Castille did support and aide them vnder-hand vpon a secret hatred which hee bare vnto the King D. Iames yet by the diligent endeauors of some great personages there was a truce made for some months during the which the King D. Iaime being come into Nauarre D. Diego Lopes de Haro Lord of Biscay came vnto him and made himself his vassal being discontented with the King of Castille which was no smal aduantage for the affaires of this league against Castille for D. Diego was a braue valiant captaine King D. Alphonso pretended the realme of Nauarre by ancient right from his predecessors or at the least that D. Thibaud should doe him homage as the king D. Garcia Ramires and the kings D. Sanchos his sonne and Grandchild had done to King D. Alphonso the eight Emperor of Spaines and to other Kings of Castille the which King Thibaud refused alleadging that it was a forced acknowledgment without any reason and that he was so far from submitting himselfe to the Kings of Castille as he pretended to recouer the territories of Bureua Rioja Alaua Guipuscoa and other lands in old Castille which the predecessors of D. Alphonso had vsurped of the crowne of Nauarre these were the causes which made these Kings enter into warre who the truce being expired went to field with their forces the Nauarrois and Arragonois assembling the body of their army about Tudele and the Castillans towards Alfaro and Calaorra The Kings of Castille and Arragon lead the contrary armies Castillans i◠armes against the Nauarrois and Arragonois and were so nere one vnto the other as they expected the houre when they should ioyne but there were many good men which laboured to preuent this disorder amongst Christian Princes so neere allied The King D. Alphonso gaue him of Arragon to vnderstand that it was an vnworthy thing and beyond all expectation to see him that was his father in law carry armes against him hauing done him no wrong wherefore he intreated him not to hinder him in his iust pursute of the right which he had to the realme of Nauar which the Earle Thibaud detained from him The King D. Iaime answered that he could not in conscience nor duty abandon the defence of a yong Prince which was recommended vnto him whose affaires he esteemed as his owne Many Prelats and men of great authority hauing imployed themselues in vaine to make a peace betwixt these Princes a simple gentleman of Cattelogne borne at Besalu of the house of D. Violant Queene of Castille preuailed more then al the rest This gentleman came to the King of Arragon and perswaded him with such liuely reasons as he yeelded to a peace Hauing done this good office with him he did the like to the King of Castille and was so happy in his negotiation as they promised to confer personally together of their disputes and quarrels Enterview of the Kings of Castille Arragon and Nauarre wherefore certaine Tents being pitched in a plaine betwixt both armies the three Kings met and imbraced one an other louingly where they feasted each other and made a good accord before they parted Yet notwithstanding the league made betwixt the Kings of Nauarre and Arragon King of Nauarre confesseth himselfe vassal to him of Castille and the courage which the yong King Thybaud did shew he yeelded to doe homage to the Kings of Castille as his predecessors had done for the realme of Nauarre for the King of Castille thinking that he had won the King of Arragon his father in law by this enterview the which in truth did auaile him much for that the Queene Donna Violant his wife was there present he demanded of King Thybaud the hardest conditions he could desyring nothing lesse then to make an accord with him but nothing being refused they compounded King Thybaud remayning vassal to the King D. Alphonso and it was sayd that he should entertaine a Lieutennt in the court of Castille and that whensoeuer the King of Nauarre should bee called vpon any occasion of warre he should be bound to come and serue himselfe in person or by his sayd Lieutenant with two hundred horse The young King yeelded to all these conditions either for that he was not able to resist his aduersary or else doubting that the King of Arragon was wonne or it may be in consideration of the publike quiet besides hee did no new thing but what his predecessors had done before him yet D. Sancho Fernandes of Cascante Inhabitants of Pampelone resuse the homage which their King did to him of Castille and other knights of Nauarre disswaded him from it the like did the Inhabitants of the Bourg of St. Sernin of Pampelone who after that all the Prelats knights and commonalties of the realme had approued this peace they still disalowed it and would not subscribe wherevpon the King did punish them
Clement of Launay Viceroy of Nauar. the Realme of Nauarre was gouerned by a Gentleman called Clement of Launay in quality of Viceroy who defended it against the daily inuasions of the Arragonois A captaine of Nauarre whose name was D. Iohn Corbaran hauing the charge of the frontier towards Arragon was defeated and taken by D. Pedro Cornel an Arragonois The Nauarrois also entring into the country of Arragon besieged Tiermas but could not take it yet they did great spoiles About the end of the yeere there was a truce made betwixt these two Kingdomes and a defence made not to molest one an other vpon paine of death There was also a truce concluded betwixt Philip King of France and Nauarre and Don Alphonso King of Arragon during the which they sought meanes to make a peace betwixt them for the controuersies of Sicile and other places The death of Philip the third King of France being knowne in Castille the King D. Castille Sancho sent backe the Archbishop of Calaorra and the Abbot of Vailedolit his Ambassadors to Philip the faire his sonne to seeke some meanes of an accord for many considerations one and the most important was that the Kings of France father and sonne had beene the meanes at Rome to stop the dispensations of the marriage which D. Sancho had made with D. Maria his cousin These Ambassadors carried backe into Spaine an entervew of both Kings graunted in the towne of Bayonne yet they met not for the King of France would not passe the mount of Marçan and he of Castille staied at Saint Sebastians sending their deputies to treat and end their quarrels For King Philip there came Robert Duke of Bourgongne and others for the King of Castile came D. Guttieres Archbishop of Toledo Conference of Deputiâ—s for the Kings of France and Castille successor to the Cardinal D. Gonçalo with the Bishop of Calaorra Burgos and others The first demand which the French made and whereon they did insist was that the King D. Sancho should leaue his wife D. Maria to marry one of king Philips sisters which should be either Marguerite or Blanche which the Ambassadors of Spaine found to be out of reason and hauing giuen aduice thereof vnto their King who was neere he was so much offended as hee recalled them and would not haue the conference to proceed any further The Abbot of Vailledolit who was superintendent of the Kings reuenues by this voiage fell into disgrace with his master and was accused to haue put this sauage demand into the Frenchmens heads wherefore hee was straightly looked into and dismist from all affaires The King went from Saint Sebastians to Victoria where the Queen attended him from whence they past to Burgos from thence he went to Saint Iames in pilgrimage Passing by Sahagun he caused the bodies of the King D. Alphonso the sixth and the Queenes which were there interred to be remoued 5 His voyage being ended hee honoured D. Lope Diaz de Haro Haro Lord of Biseay exceedingly honored by the King D. Sancho Lord of Biscay with the dignity of high Steward and Standard-bearer of the realme of Castille giuing the suruiuance vnto D. Diego Lope de Haro his sonne with promise neuer to dispossesse them of their offices so as they did serue him and his sonne D. Fernand faithfully without affecting any other parties appointments or alliances the which they promised sollemnly vpon paine of losing Biscay and all they had in Castille and Leon and the King gaue into the hands of D. Lope for assurance of that which he had promised most of the forts in Castille By meanes of these things D. Lope Diaz was made Earle the first day of the yeere 1287. An. 1287. with command ouer all the country from Burgos vnto the sea To D. Diego Lopes de Haro the Earles brother was giuen the Gouernment of the Moores frontier about which time the marriage was made betwixt D. Iohn the Kings brother and D. Maria Diaz de Haro daughter to the Earle D. Lope who had a great desire to see the King D. Sancho diuorced from the Queene his wife to haue him marry the daughter of Gaston Lord of Berne his cousin hoping that the children which should come of that marriage should inherit those realmes and those which hee had had by Queene Mary should be excluded for that the marriage was made without the Popes dispensation but God did otherwise dispose This Princesse was brought in bed this yeere of her second sonne called Alphonso and then the King retired D. Isabel heire of the Estate of Molina whom her mother D. Blanch sister to Queene Mary would haue married to D. Alphonso King of Arragon This great power and authority which the King had giuen to the Earle D. Lope discontented many Noblemen of Gallicia but especially of Leon so as hee was prest to abate this power too great for a subiect the which hee abused but the King had no will to diminish any thing wherefore he tried to content them with good words and in the meane time he ordained that the Earle D. Lope should goe into the Marches of Galicia with good numbers of souldiars to suppresse such as would attempt any thing against his will The Earle D. Lopes held a garrison at Astorga and the King went an other way to see his Nephew D. Denis King of Portugal to reconcile him with D. Alphonso of Portugal who held some places vpon the frontiers of Leon where by reason of his quarrels hee kept some souldiers whether also some banished men of Castille retired themselues who made roades into the territories of Leon. The two Kings of Castille and Portugal met at the siege of Ronches and tooke it by composition by the which D. Aluaro de Lana who had retired himselfe to D. Alphonso of Portugall was restored to D. Sanchos fauour At this siege the King of Portugal did councel the King of Castille to humble D. Lope Diaz de Haro who did abuse the authority which he had giuen him tyranously else it was to be feared there would grow great troubles in Castille This aduice was wel taken by the King D. Sancho and from that time hee began to study by what meanes he might take away or diminish that extraordinary power but it was too late It is not the custome for such as are once mounted to stoope The Earle D. Lope finding the Kings intent retired to Gaston of Berne his cousin there to make some faction where he had newes of the death of D. Aluaro de Lara his competitor and enemy whereof he was exceeding glad and returned into Castille but he found that the King had giuen his offices and all that D. Aluaro had enioyed to his brother D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara of as D. Lope found himselfe preuented wherevpon he debaucht the Infant D. Iohn his sonne in law leauing the court much discontented D. Iohn made some roads about Salamanca wherefore the King being in
King Charles the Limping and he met in the valley of Iunquera either of them beeing accompanied with twelue gentlemen onely who carried no other armes then their swords and that there they ratefied and signed this accord as for the effects and execution thereof it is credible they followed in the time of his successor King D. Alphonso died in the seuen twentith yeere of his age hauing raigned fiue yeeres and seuen monthes Being nere his end he would bee attired in the habit of Saint Francis for an opinioâ— which raigned then that there consisted some great vertue in that weed and so hee was carried to the conuent of Franciscans at Barcelona About that time the King of Granado Moores had conference with the gouernor of the frontier of Castille for the King D. Sancho being called D. Fernand Perez Ponce de Leon and renued the treaty ad league with Castille for the cofirmation whereof there was a Moorish knight sent to the King to Burgos Isoeph Aben Iacob had succeeded his father Iacob Aben Ioseph in the realme of Maroc since the yeere of our Lord 1285. he hauing raigned fiue and twenty yeeres with the reputation of a generous Prince and a good Iusticer This yeere he past into Spaine and came to besiege Bejar but hee could not take it wherefore he returned into Affrike with little honour Meaning to returne some time after into Spaine with greater forces he could not passe beeing stayed by the fleete of Castille which was great and mighty for feare whereof he stayed vpon the bankes of Tanger for Benoist Zachary Admiral of Castille had taken thirteene galleys from him by fauour of which victory the King D. Sancho marcht into Andalousia to make an enterprise vpon Tarriffe By the way he conferred with D. Denis King of Portugal made a new league with Castille him and a future marriage was concluded betwixt D. Fernand of Castille and D. Constance of Portugal who were both very young And for the fulfilling of all promises in due time there were townes and castles deliuered in pawne of either side yet the King D. Sancho had no aide from him of Portugal in this expedition Being come to Seuile and hauing their ordained what was needful for the siege Tariffe was battred and furiously assaulted Tariffe taken by the Casillans and in the end taken the gard whereof was giuen to D. Roderigo maister of the Calatraua A little before a marriage had beene treated of by Ambassadors betwixt Don Iames the new King of Arragon and the Infant D. Isabel of Castille daughter to D. Sancho beeing onely nine yeeres old For confirmation whereof pacification of the troubles and other alliances the two Kings of Castille and Arragon met together in Calatajub in the yeere of our Lord 1292. An. 1292. but the marriage tooke no effect For as much as D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara the elder continued still to trouble the realm the King D. Sancho hauing taken Canette and Moya from him hee forced him to retire into France whether Ambassadors were sent soone after to renue the league with King Philip Don Sancho fearing that by some sinister reports hee might bee diuerted from his friendship Don Iohn Nugnes beeing absent Don Isabel of Molina his daughter in law died without any children whose inheritance fell to the Queene Donna Maria her aunt The Infant D. Iohn carrying still a hatred in heart against the King his brother rebelled againe ioyning with Don Iohn Nugnes de Lara the younger and drawing vnto his partie many Knights but the King pursued them in such sort as D. Iohn de Lara was forced to yeeld vnto his mercy and the Infant to flie into Portugal 11 About that time D. Alphonso Perez de Guzman liued in great reputation in Spaine beeing a wise and valiant Knight who had long serued the Miralmumin Aben Iacob of Maroc and his father leading their armies in qualitie of Lieutenant generall in the warres which they had against the other Moores of Affrike where hee had wonne honour and great riches with the which being returned into Spaine he purchased much land and great Seigneuries This knight and Donna Marra Alonço Cornel gaue beginning to the family of the Dukes of Medina Sidonia famous in our time in Spaine the Lords whereof in the begâ—inning intituled themselues Earles of Niebla Beginning of 〈◊〉 of Guzman and Dukes of Medina Sidonia To this D. Alphonso Perez de Guzman the King D. Sancho gaue the gouernment of Tariffe the which hee promised to keepe safely with lesse charge by two third parts then the Maister of the Calatraua had done The Earle Don Iohn Nugnes de Lara hauing continued some time in France had meanes to make his peace with the King and so returned into Castille where they did presentlie imploy him against the Infant Don Iohn of Castille and Don Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque who with many other of their confederates spoiled the whole countrie of Leon but in an incounter hee was defeated and taken afterwards beeing but slieghtly garded hee found meanes to escape and came to the court at Toro whereas Queene Mary was deliuered of D. Beatrix her daughter in the yeere of our Lord 1293. An. 1293. The King Don Sancho beeing aduertised that Mahumet Mâ—r Almus Lemi King of Granado was like to make some attempt hee sent the Earle Don Iohn Nugnes de Lara with Don Iohn Nugnes his sone and Don Nugno Gonçales vnto the fronter The Earle of Lara the father beeing come to Cordoua died This motion of the Granadin Moore was but an idle brute wherefore the troupes returned And for that Don Denis King of Portugall died receiue the Infant Don Iohn of Castille and the other rebelles the King D. Sancho sent him word that according to their capitulations hee could not giue any retreat vnto his enemies and therefore he intreated him to cause them to depart his Countrie with all speed the which he did The Infant D. Iohn going to sea meaning to passe into France was driuen by a storme to Tanger from whence hee went to kisse the hands of the Miralmumin Aben Iacob who entertained him courteously and hauing conferred with him of the affaires of Spaine D. Iohn of Castille brings the Moores into Spaine against the King his brother knowing that he was desirous to annoy the King of Castille his brother hee offred him fiue thousand horse to make the enterprise of Tariffe the which D. Iohn did willingly accept returned into Spaine and besieged Tariffe thinking to finde it vnfurnished but D. Alphonso Perez de Guzman had wisely prouided and defended it valiantly It is not knowne by what accident a sonne of D. Alphonso Perez was fallne into the Moores hands but some Authors write that D. Iohn seeing there was no meanes to take this place by force hauing demaunded a parle hee led this child vnto the ditch and told the father who was vpon the walles that if hee did not
brother commanding the Cattelans at Calipoli suffred themselues to bee surprized by the Gouernor of Negrepont called Thibaâ—d of Sipoise who deliuered them to Robert King of Naples who caused them to die in prison by reason whereof the Cattelan troupes beganne to ouerrunne the country like made men without commanders and without order and falling vpon the country of Macedonie which was nere they past through it like a lightning ouerthrowing all they incountred vntill they came into the territorie of Athens whereas the French commanded staying there they demaunded to bee entertained in pay by Duke Gaultier but hee desirous rather to chase away this vagabond people who were poore and insolent The French deseated by the Cattelans in Greece and Gaultier of Brenne slaine went to incounter them with his forces to fight with them by whom notwithstanding hee was defeated and slaine and almost all his men By this victory the Cattelans made themselues Maisters of all that the French held in that country and lodged themselues there whereas since they had many commanders successiuely as D. Manfroy son to D. Frederic King of Sicile then D. Frederic Alphonso his brother who remained Gouernor there and married the daughter of Boniface of Verona a Nobleman of great power in Negrepont with others from thence is come the title of Dukes of Athens to the Princes of Arragon D. Fernand Infant of Majorca being deliuered out of prison through the fauour of Robert King of Naples Genealogie of Maiorca his kinsman married Isabel the heire of Morea by whom he had D. Iames who was King of Majorca after D. Sancho his vncle hee tooke Clarence and made many other conquests in Morea D. Fernand to to his second wife married a Princesse of Cypres of whom Fernand was borne who was husband to Eschiue daughter to Hugues King of Cypres After this second marriage and the birth of this sonne D. Fernand of Majorca Prince of Morea hauing performed great matters both in the East and West died in the floure of his age about the yeere of our Lord 1315. so as the affaires of the Arragonois in that countrie went to ruine He was the third sonne of D. Iames King of Majorca the first of that name whose posterity we haue gathered out of histories after this manner He had by his wife Esclermonde of Foix Iames his eldest sonne who being wholy giuen to deuotion left the succession of the realme to his yonger brother and became a Franciscan friar D. Sancho the second sonne was King after the father in the yeere of our Lord 1312. who hauing married the daughter of Charles the second King of Naples named Marie had no children by her wherefore dying hee left the Realme of Majorca to Don Iames sonne to his brother D. Fernand aboue named Of this first stemme of Majorca wee finde there issued these three sonnes D. Iames D. Sancho and D. Fernand and one daughter named D. Sancha married to Robert Duke of Calabria to the which some adde D. Philip the fourth sonne But returning to Spaine Nauarre we finde that about the time of these last wars of Granado whereof wee haue newly made mention or soone after the Nauarrois renued their old quarrels against them of Arragon to whom notwithstanding any accords they were neuer good friends so as going out of Pitiella a place then of the Kingdome of Nauarre they entred the neighbour country of Arragon and committed great spoiles whereat D. Iames King of Arragon being incensed hee sent an army to beseege that place but they were dislodged by the Inhabitants of Sanguesse a frontire towne of Nauarre being assisted by some French troupes Arragonois defeated who fought with them and they were defeated The Arragonois being returned againe into Nauarre and hauing runne as farre as the towne of Olite and forraged the country they were againe charged by them of Sanguesse and other neighbor places being ready to passe the riuer of Arragon at the ford of Saint Adrian and were there defeated with great slaughter of their men and the losse of the Standard royal of Arragon which they of Sanguesse carried away by reason whereof and in remembrance of their vertue and valour they carry for their armes by grant from King Lewis Hutin the bands gueules of Arragon but in a field argent 26 In the yeere of our Lord 1312. An. 1312. were the troubles of Lions vpon Rhosne Troubles at Lions betwixt the Inhabitants of the towne and their Archbishop Peter of Bresse by reason that he did vsurpe vpon the Kings Iustice King Philip sent his sonne the King of Nauarre thether who tooke this Prelat prisoner and sent him to the King his father for which cause and for that he durst presume to lay his hands vpon an Archbishop he was called Hutin or mutin as some say The citizens of Lion beeing pacefied they mutined againe by reason of the differences which they had with their Archbishop but they were supprest and punished by the same King of Nauar and reduced vnder the King his fathers obedience It was at that time that Marguerite Queene of Nauar the Countesse Ieanne of Poictiers Blanche of la Marche who had married the three brethren of France Lewis Hutin Philip and Charles were accused of adultry put in prison at Chasteau Gaillard of the which the Countesse Ieanne of Poictiers was found innocent and absolued but Marguerite Queene of Nauar and the Contesse Blanch being conuicted were condemned to perpetual prison whereas Marguerite died soone after the adulterers were put to death with cruel torments the which were Philip and Gaulter of Aâ—noy brethren An vsher of the chamber who serued as baud and messenger of their loues was hanged It is reported of this Queene of Nauar that seeing any faire yong man passe by shee caused him to be taken brought secretly at night into her chamber that after she had taken her dishonest pleasure with him she caused him to bee cast into the riuer of Seyne to the end hee should not vaunt thereof the which was discouered by a scholler who saued himselfe by swimming being not wel bound Thereof grew that ambiguous sentence Reginam interficere nolite timere bonum est This vnchastnesse is attributed by some to Ieanne mother to Lewis Hutin Queene of Nauarre who was a scourge to the Flemings and the cause of al the wars betwixt the King and them The king D. Fernand about the end of the war of Granado Castille gaue order for the building of Sauveterre and Azpeity in Guipuscoa granting then the rights preuiledges of Victoria he married his daughter Isabel to Duke Iohn of Brittaine and made D. Iohn Manuel of Castille sonne to D. Manuel Lord Steward of his house taking that dignity from his brother D. Pedro to whom in recompence he gaue Almaçan and Berlanga whereby it appeeres that these offices depended on the kings pleasure This D. Iohn Manuel had two daughters
both captaines and souldiars ranne like madde men one vpon an other with greater obstinacy then against their enemies and many were cruelly slaine so as this rage had a manner ruined the Arragonois Estate in that Island but God had otherwise decreed for the Pisans beeing very weake and brought low with the long precedent warres Pisans quit the Island of Sardinia which they had sustained both against the Geneuois and Arragonois did quit the Island of Sardinia by an agreement made betwixt the King of Arragon and their Senat in the yeere of our Lord 1326. so as the towne of Sassari was yeelded to the Arragonois Pisans quit the Island of Sardinia the Marquis of Malespina surceasing and promising to be obedient to the King and his Lieutenants Thus the Kings of Arragon became Lords of Sardinia without contradiction for a time but in their owne country of Cattelogne and Valencia there wanted no troubles and quarrels which grew amongst the Noblemen of the country Troubles and quarrels where is much idle Nobility beeing an ordinary thing that whereas there is great store of idle Nobilitie there is alwaies 〈◊〉 and contention to the oppression of the people D. Arnaud Roger Earle of Palliars and Raymond Folch Vicout of Cardona were then in armes one against an other by reason of a murther committed on the person of D. William Queralt whereof the Earle of Palliars was accused and either of them hauing a great troupe of friends and Partisans held allattelogne in confusion with their horrible insolencies In the country of Valencia D. Iames Lord of Xerica was in quarrell with his owne mother D. Beatrix of Loria and would haue put her out of her lands and possessions so as this quarrel did in a manner diuide the King and his sonne D. Alphonso the one supporting the mother and the other the sonne The soueraigne should alwaies be a Iudge and not a Partisan in his subiects quarrels These quarrels were reconciled with much paine for when as the Souveraigne Magistrate doth medle in his subiects quarrels and of a iudge becomes a Partisan his authority leanes to the one side and the remedies are more difficult and lesse effectuall D. Iames of Xerica during these troubles married the widowe Queene of D. Sancho of Majorca whose name was Mary sister to Robert King of Naples a woman of an vnchast life In the yeere of our Lord 1327. Don Iames the Young of Majorca did homage for the Islands and Land which the held as well in Cattelogne as on this side the mountaines to the King of Arragon as to his soueraigue in the presence of Don Philip his vncle and Tutor Don Pedro and Don Raymond Berenger the Kings children Caston of Moncade Bishoppe of Huesca and many others and within few daies after Don Iames King of Arragon died in the towne of Barcelona hauing raigned sixe and thirty yeeres foure monthes and a halfe A Prince rather inclined to good then bad to whom learning and learned men owe the foundation of the Vniuersitie of Lerida in Cattelogne seuen and twenty yeeres before his death which hee endowed with many preuiledges and would haue that alone throughout all his dominions forbidding all other schooles but for Grammer and Logicke His bodie lies buried in the Monastery of Santa Cruz. D. Alphonso the fourth of that name the twelfth King of Arragon DOn Alphonso his sonne succeeded him to whom was giuen the surname of pittifull Hee was not the eldest but that Don Iames his eldest brother quitting in his fathers life time the succession of the crowne of Arragon as wee haue said entred and inuested himselfe into that Order of Knights of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem Hee was King This was his issue During his fathers life Genealogy of Arragon hee married first Donna Therefa of Entenza Countesse heire of Vrgell by whom hee had the Infant Don Pedro borne at seuen monthes end who was King and he Infant Don Iames Earle of Vrgell and Vicont of Ajar and moreouer foure other sonnes and one daughter who died verie yong and are interred at Sarragossa in Saint Francis Church with their mother Donna Constance who was wife vnto Don Iames the last King of Majorca Donna Theresa had not the title of a Queene for that shee died foure daies before the King Don Iames her father in lawe Beeing King hee tooke to his second wife Donna Leonora of Castille daughter to the King Don Fernand the fourth who was mother to Don Fernand Marquisse of Tortoça who married at Ebora Donna Maria of Portugal daughter to the King Don Pedro and was slaine by the commaundement of his brother raigning an Arragon hee had also by her Don Iohn who died in Castille Don Alphonso beeing come to the crowne hee gaue the countrie of Vrgel and other Lands to his second sonne Don Iames. Comming to Saragossa where the generall Estates were assembled hee tooke and receiued a reciprocall oth according to the auncient custome of Kings his predecessors and was crowned King in the yeere of our Lord 1328. in which yeere were crowned in Nauarre Philip of Eureux in France Philip of Valois and at Rome the Emperour Lewis of Bauaria At this Coronation of King Don Alphonso did assist with the Deputies of the Estates Don Iames of Arragon Lord of Xerica Don Pedro Iuge of Arborea Don Raymond Folc Vicount of Cardona Don Arnauld Roger of Mataplane Earle of Palliars Don Alphonso Fernandes of Arragon Lord of Ixar Don Lope de Luna Don William and Berenger Anglesol Don Iohn Ximenes of Vrrea Don Pedro Ceruel Don William Ceruillon Don Othon of Moncado and Don Othon of Fosses with other Noblemen There were aboue two hundred and fiftie Knights made with the ceremonies accustomed in those times where there was present the Ambassadors of Iohn King of Bohemia called Henry Bomallia who brought a promise from his Maister that hee would come into Spaine to make warre against the Moores with the King of Arragon the which he did not The warre which Arragon made against the Infidells King of Arragon makes warre against the Moores of Affricke was more in Affrike then in Spaine for the opportunity of Sardinia did inuite the Kings of Arragon for to raise their powers and make warre against the Moores which commaunded at Tunes Bugie and Tremessen Notwithstanding beeing mutined againe by the perswasion of the Geneuois this yeere a truce was made betwixt the King of Arragon and Abubacar pettie King of Tunes and Bugia and Abduria Hamen King of Tremessen The Court beeing at Daroca about the end of this yeere an Edict was made that for tenne yeeres no towne castle gouernment nor any customes imposts or places of Iustice whatsoeuer should bee giuen or alyenated from the reuenewes of the Crowne the which the King seeking afterwardes for to breake it caused great alterations and tumults Don Iames King of Maiorca did a new homage to King D. Alphonso for his realme and other lands
Port of Boniface they drew out of their Ports and Hauens of Cattelogne about forty Gallies Cattelans burne and spoile the riuer of Genoa and thirty Foists and Brigantins and directing their course towards the riuer of Genoa they burnt al the Geneuois houses of pleasure without respect of friend or foe for the common weale of Genoa being then diuided by reason of the faction of Guelphes and Ghibelins the Ghibilins open enemies to the King of Arragon did for the most reside at Sauonne and from thence made their sallies and enterprises sometimes drawing some priuate men of the Guelphes faction to runne vpon the Cattelans by reason whereof this Cattelan army intreated them all after one manner During these wrackes Luke of Fiesco one of the chiefe of the Guelphes faction had begunne to treat with King D. Alphonso by the meanes of Francis of Saint Eulalia that if he would harken to a good accord with the Geneuois holding the city of Genoa for friend and forget al wrongs done they would furnish him with fifteene gallies and follow his standard against the Geneuois Ghibelins remayning at Sauonne who had caused all the reuolts and troubles in Sardinia wherewith the King was very well pleased but the spoiles which the Cattelan army had made during the treaty in the riuer of Genoa intercepted all so as these two factions of Genoa being equally afflicted by a forraine enemy were the more willing to giue credit to the perswasions of Robert King of Naples who reconciled them and then they ioyned against the King of Arragon to dispossesse him of the Island of Sardinia The heads of the two factions were the families of Oria for the Guelphes Genouois spoile the coast of Cattelogne and Spinola for the Ghibelins Beeing thus incensed they runne along the coast of Cattelogne with three score saile where they tooke many ships and other spoiles leauing lamentable spectacles in all places where they had landed Thirteene of their gallies passing from thence into Sardinia attempted the fort and Port of Caillerij in vaine from whence they were repulst with losse These warres at sea betwixt the Cattelans and Geneuois might bee held equall for they were the mightiest nations at sea in that age All was full of difficultie and iealousie in the Island notwithstanding that King Don Alphonso by his bountie aduancements alliances and marriages contracted in his fauour and at his instance betwixt the Noblemen Cattelans and Sardiniens or Geneuois hauing charges or lands in the Island had sought to draw them vnto him and to make them friends and affected to his party yet he was in continuall warre and was forced to keepe great garrisons in the Island and many gallies at sea with so great charge as all the reuenues of the Island of Sardinia did auaile him little beeing often constayned to importune the Pope to discharge him of the tribute which hee ought vnto the church of Rome by reason of this chargeable conquest Thus King Don Alphonso past his raigne in these home-bred and forraine troubles Mary of Naples Queene of Maiorca vnchast beeing but short A little before hee died Don Iames of Arragon Lord of Xerica who had married Queene Marie which had beene left by D. Sancho King of Majorca who liuing dissolutly vnchastly was by this king sent home to the king of Naples her father The peace betwixt Arragon and Granado was sworne by him and confirmed at the castle of Valence with Albuhacen Abencomixe and Pascal Circra Ambassadors for King Ioseph Abenamet vpon the like conditions as with Castille A little before his death D. Leonor seeing herselfe mother of two sonnes D. Fernand and D. Iohn who was yet in his swatheling cloathes to be much hated and not without cause of the Infant D. Pedro who should succeed to the crowne shee sought to put into the hands of the King of Castille her brother whose fauour shee affected the castels of Verdegio and Sometio frontier places but Don Pedro hauing alwaies an eye to his mother in lawes actions especially at that time the King beeing very ill disposed preuented her and put garrisons therein The Queene without attending the King her husbands death dislodged from Barcelona and seized vpon Fraga from whence shee sent garrisons to places belonging to her children Death of D. Alphonso the fourth King of Arragon In the meane time the King died in the city of Barcelona in the yeere of our Lord 1336. hauing raigned eight yeeres and about three monthes Being ready to die he made the marriage of D. Iames his second sonne with Cicile daughter to the Earle of Comminges his body lies in the town of Lerida D. Pedro the fourth of that name and the thirteenth of Arragon 17 DOn Pedro his sonne whom he had by D. Theresa of Entenza Countesse of Vrgel before that he assembled the Estates or performed any ceremony tooke vpon him the royal title against all custome affecting nothing more then to bee first reuenged of the Queene Donna Leonor his mother in law whose places he seized on and sent Ferry of Apilla Gouernor to the Infant D. Iames after her to bring her to Sarragossa but hearing of the Kings death she tooke the way to Castile by great iournies and past Ebro at Tortose then going by Turol and Albarrasin she came into her brothers country being accompanied by the Bishop of Burgos D. Pedro of Xerica carrying great store of treasure and iewels with her which bread a warre betwixt these two Realmes of Castille and Arragon D. Alphonso King of Castille in fauour of his sister deliuered Michel Perex Zapate and other Arragonois out of prison whom she imployed against the King D. Pedro with other noblemen whom she had wonne D. Pedro the fourth of that name was surnamed the ceremonious for that in all his actions he was very slow and spent the time in superfluous ceremonies He was crowned at Sarragossa not without emulation of the Cattelans but custome hath giuen this right to the city of Sarragossa that the Kings are crowned there and no where else Thâ—ther came not any Noblemen of Cattelogne except D. Othon of Moncade and D. Raymond of Peralte The King hauing taken and receiued the oth after the accustomed manner retired to Lerida to the Estates of Cattelogne where hee disanulled all the donations made by the King his father and the alienation of the reuenues and despoiled D. Pedro of Xerica who had accompanied the Queene Donna Leonor into Castille of all his goods In the beginning of his raigne Dispâ—sition of the King D. Frederics wil. died D. Frederic King of Sicile beeing very old and consumed with the goute who had held the realme with great troubles and warre the space of one and forty yeers and six monthes leauing his sonne D. Pedro to succeed him who was the fourth King of the race of Arragon which held Sicile The King his father leauing many children sonnes and daughters by Queene
to either partie were spent in disputes without any conclusion The defeat of the confederats army at Epila did so terrefie them of Saragossa as many men of marke went out of the Realme others sent vnto the King of sue for their liues so as that great city whose forces had beene fearefull to the Kings of Arragon was then made subiect with the whole realme for the King hauing calling there an assembly of the Estates such as he pleased hee wrested away the popular lawes and the preuiledges of the vnion Reformation of the Gournors iurisdiction namely those of King D. Alphonso the third and the confirmation which he himselfe had made was disanulled and new Articles made against the seditious many that were culpable were condemned to die and their goods confiscate Thus the rights and preuiledges gotten seditiously by armes were lost againe by armes There the iurisdiction of the Gouernor of the realme was also reformed a dignity neere vnto that of the King the which hauing to that time beene held by Princes or great personages with great abuse corruption and libertie for that it had beene an ancient custome vsed in Arragon not to call such men in question for their faults but ciuily beeing exempt from condemnation of death prison or banishment It was then decreed that from thenceforth that dignity should not bee giuen to Princes nor to any one that were to powerful aboue the rest but to simple knights to the end that if they did commit any fraude or abuse or did violate the Lawes and publike liberty they might make their criminall processe Lymitation of the iurisdiction of the iustice Maior of Arragon and take away their liues if the case so required The iurisdiction or the iustice Major of Arragon was there also lymited that is he should haue authority to suppresse the vniust decrees of the Kings officers and the rash attempts and actions of mighty men with all publike force and maintaine iustice betwixt great and smal and it was decreed that this Magistrat should not be giuen by the peoples suffrages nor at the appetite of the Plebeians to men of base condition but to knights which should be named by the King Saragossa being subdued the King led his army against them of Valence who persisted in their rebellion Valence subdued The Valentians in the beginning thought to be able to resist and there were some incounters betwixt them and the Kings men but being often beaten and repulst with losse they resolued in the end to yeeld the city the which the king being sharpe and seuere by nature would haue razed plowed vp and the place sowen with fault in hatred of the insolencies and contempt of which the Valentians had vsed against him yet he was diuerted from this cruell intent by the Noblemen that were about him and his wrath was appeased by the punishment of Iohn Ruis Corellia Raymond Scorne Iames Romanin and Ponce of Solier men of noble families who were put to death and others that were more lightly punished Such was the end of the reuolts and tumults of Arragon and Valence Reuolts in Sardynia During the which the Island of Sardynia was likewise in a combustion entertained by the Geneuois hauing lands there namely by Mathew Nicolosio Iohn Anthony Iulian Doria by whose support the Sardiniens did rise and spoiled the countries which held the Arragon party D. William of Ceruillon was then Gouernor for the King D. Pedro in that Island who thinking to repaire the harme which the rebels had done was defeated and slaine neere to Bestide which the enemies did beseege wherefore D. Rambaud of Corbera was sent in his place and Ponce Santa paz for Generall of the Arragon gallies These were moire fortunate then Ceruillon had beene for D. Rambaud raised the seege from before Sasseri and recouered many places wherein he was faithfully assisted by Marian Iudge of Arborea and by Iohn his brother and so prest the faction of Doria which was contrarie to the Arragonois as he freed the Island the which ministred occasion vnto the common weale of Genoa to breake the peace which they had with the King of Arragon Iohn Murta was then Duke of Genoa beeing in the yeere of our Lord An. 1348. 1348. wherefore they of the family of Doria with the helpe and support they had from the common weale of Genoa beseeged Sasseri againe and gaue a rout to Hugues Corbera brother to the Gouernor D. Rambaud who was then absent for he was come into Cattelogne to makes new leauies of souldiars so as the affaires of Sardinia were in greater combustion then euer D. Rambaud returning to his Gouernment with some gallies and good numbers of souldiars of Cattelogne he toucht at the Island of Majorca Last attempt of D. Iames King of Maiorca euen as there was a battaile ready to be giuen betwixt the Arragonois and the dispossest King D. Iames who hauing armed many vessels vpon the coasts of Prouence and Languedoc and giuen the leading thereof to Charles of Grimaldi Lord of Monaco had landed in the Island of Majorca being resolute either to recouer those Islands or to die to make head against him besides the care of D. Gilibert Ruillia Gouernor for the King D. Pedro in the Islands of Majorca and Minorca D. Ponce of Moncade Admiral of Arragon laying a side his voyage of Sicile whether he was going had also landed in Majorca so as there were in armes for the King of Arragon the day of this battaile comprehending D. Rambuds forces eight hundred horse and about twenty thousand foote who ioyning with the King D. Iames men D Iames King of Maiorca slaine defeated them after a long cruel fight with great slaughter whereas the King Don Iames a Prince alwaies vnfortunate in his enterprises lost his life his sonne called also D. Iames being a prisoner and sore wounded wherefore the King Don Pedro by this victory held the conquest of that Island from that time without any contradiction notwithstanding that hee had gotten it by tyranie and iniustice A little before the death of this last King of Majorca he had sold to Philip of Valois the French King all the interest hee had to Montpellier and other lands on this side the Pyrenee mountaines wherevpon the King of Arragon sent D. Pedro Fenouillet Lord of Lisle and Cagnette in Ambassage into France to transact with king Philip for these rights who agreed that the sale thereof made by the deceased king of Majorca should bee good vpon condition that what the French king had not yet paied of the price should bee deliuered to the king of Arragon and then did they treat of a marriage betwixt D. Constance daughter to the king D. Pedro and Lewis Earle of Aniou Grandchild to king Philip to ballance by this alliance the fauours which don Fernand and Don Iohn brethren to the king Don Pedro might haue in France who pretended besides their portions
the factions and insolencies which followed for D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara being gone from court Hatred betwixt D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara and D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque in a great rage against the Lord of Albuquerque for some byting words cast forth in their controuersies during the Kings sicknesse the cares of this young and ill experienced King cholerike by nature and inclyned to reuenge were filled with the reports of such as gouerned him wherevpon hee was so incensed against this house of Lara their friends and adherents as it was euident that hee sought but an opportunity to doe them some mischiefe The death of D. Iohn Nugnes which followed soone after in the towne of Burgos made his aduersaries deseignes more easie he left for successor to his Siegneuries which were great one sonne but two yeeres old called D. Nugno de Lara And at the same time D. Fernand Manuel Lord of Villena died also leauing one onely daughter named D. Blanch who died also soone after These deathes did much content D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque for that hee was freed from great emulators and aduersaries which hated his authority and the familiarity he had with the King who preferred him before all the Princes and Noblemen of Castile The King was aduised by his councell to seize vpon these young pupils and of their lands according to which hee went towards Burgos causing D. Leonora of Guzman to be brought after him whom hee sent with a good gard to prison to Talauera Being at Henera the importunities of his mother Donna Maria were such as he was forced to deliuer vnto her this poore imprisoned Lady D. Leonora of Guzman murthered by the commandement of the widow queen who with a womanish and boundlesse rage caused her to bee cruelly murthered in reuenge that she had many times defrauded her of the amorous imbracings of the King her husband and presently shee begged all her goods an act which was nothing royal and which did redownd to the great contempt of the deceased King Don Alphonso Since which time and by reason of this murther the towne of Talauera was and is called de la Reyna or of the Queene The King D. Pedro did this being yong and ill aduised Being come to Burgos at his first arriual he caused Garsilaco de la Vega to be slaine in his owne lodging and afterwards there were also dispatcht Alphonso Garcia Camargo Fernandes of Medina and Alphonso Fernandes Noblemen murthered by the commandement of the King D. Pedro. Secretary or Notary a Burgeois of that city al for the quarrels betwixt the Lord of Albuquerque and the house of Lara A lady of honor called D. Mencia wife to Martin Ruis of Abendagno Gouernesse to the yong Infant Nugno de Lara Lord of Biscay hearing of these cruel executions of the new King transported the Infant from Paredes de Naua in Biscay least the King should do it some harme The King hearing thereof pursued them himselfe vnto the bridge of Larra where vnderstanding that the Gouernesse and the Nurce had recouered the town of Vermejo he returned to Burgos and resolued to make war against the Biscayns so as within few daies he sent Ruis Diaz of Rojas to beseege Orosco the which Iohn of Abendagno House of Lara son to Martin aboue named held who yeelded the place by composition In the meane time D. Nugno of Lara died being but three yeers old in the towne of Vermejo by whose decease the Siegneuries of Biscay and others came to his two sisters or to the eldest of them called D. Ieanne of Lara and if she died to D. Isabel the yonger but the King had these yong Ladies in his power with al the lands and Siegneuries of the deceased D. Iohn Nugnes The father of these children had three sisters whereof the eldest named D. Blanch was wife to D. Iohn Manuel The second called D. Marguerite was a religious woman in the towne of Caleruega in the Monastery of Saint Dominike built by King D. Alphonso father to this King and the third D. Maria was married intso France twise first to the Earle of Estampes and next to Charles of Valois Earle of Alençon brother to King Philip the sixth or as some hold his brothers sonne Of the first bed shee had one sonne who was Earle of Estampes and of the second foure whereof the one was Earle of Alençon named Peter the second whom they called Robert Earle of Perch and the two other of the church This Lady Mary did afterwards contend in the time of King Henry the second for the Siegneuries of Biscay as we shal shew at the time of the death of this yong Lord D. Nugno de Lara Siegneuries and rights of the house of Lara there were in this house besides the Siegneury of Biscay the townes of Saint Gadee Loçoya Eglise Salouer Font Burvene Berçoso Cibico of the tower Galez Paredez of Naua Villallon Cuenca of Tamarit Melgar of the frontier Barzon Moral of the Queene Aquilar del Campo Caleruegos Beluer St. Iames de la Puebla by Salamanca Orepeça the field of Arrannelo and other townes besides these great Siegneuries the house of Lara Lords of Biscay had this prerogatiue alwaies to lead the foreward in armies whereas the King was in person In assemblies of the Estates the Lords of Lara were general Attorneies or Deputies for the Nobility by an especial preuiledge and often times they did carry the standard royal Besides these things Don Iohn Nugnes de Lara deceased held by reason of his marriage the townes of Lerma Lands called Beetries in Biscay Alaua and the neighbor countries Villa-franca in the mountaines of Oca Busto Amejugo Balorcanos Tor de Blanco other places besides the rights of Linager which he had as chiefe of the house of Lara and Lord of Biscay to the lands called Beetrias They were certaine lands and passages of the country so named hauing this preuiledge from all antiquity to choose what Lord they pleased out of the nobility of that lynage or family soeuer to command ouer them and to defend them and among them there were some that might change their Lord 7. times a day if they pleased others hauing the like power to change their Lord were yet bound to choose of the same family to those that were first recommended so as they were rights purchased to families many such prerogatiues had the Lords of Biscay and of Lara The liberties of these lands called Beetries the King D. Pedro sought to abolish at the Estates assembled 1351. and the 2. of his raigne at Vailledolit An. 1351. 3 Before he came to the said Estates he was visited by Charls King of Nauar as they did sympathise wel in nature and disposition they made great shewes of loue and gaue royal presents one vnto an other After this enterview the King D. Pedro came to Vailledolit from whence Iohn of Ruel as Bishop of Burgos Aluar Garcia
from the seruice of D. Pedro King of Castile by the pace betwixt Nauarre and Arragon spoiling the valleies they attempted to enter into Iacca Against these men the Inhabitants of the country both Nobles and Commons armed so as after diuerse skirmishes whereas many were slaine of both sides these strangers beeing aboue fifteene thousand men past the Pyrenes and returned into their countries The King of Arragon before the Prince of Wales his retreat had sought by his meanes to recouer Sauveterre and Real of Rueste which the Nauarrois held since the warre of Castile but he could not As for the King of Nauarre Nauarre hee recouered the places which hee had left in deposito when as he made a league with the King of Arragon and D. Henry wherein hee was assisted by D. Pedro King of Castile and through fauour of the victory which hee had obtained but yet hee could neither get Logrogno from him nor the towne of victoria which he had promised him Integrity of D. Iohn Ramires of Areillan neither could hee retire out of the hands of D. Iohn Ramires of Areillan a Knight of honour the place of Buradon whereof he had beene chosen Gardien saying That hee did not follow the fortune and passions of princes but the equity of the faith which was promised and sworne This good Knight had retired himselfe into Arragon after the battaile lost when as D. Henry saued himselfe in France to whose seruice he returned soone after The Prince of VVales before he went out of Spaine Leagues ful of infidelity of the Princes of those times had practised a firme league betwixt the Kings raigning then in Spaine and himself but with diuerse deseignes wherein he assured himselfe that the King of Nauarre would bee faithfull and furnish him with a good number of souldiars As for him of Arragon he imbraced the league as it seemed with great affection thinking hee could not then doe better then to ioyne with the victorious King of Castile and the English To conclude this league a day was appointed for he Deputies of all these Princes at Tarbes in the meane time the treachries of D. Pedro King of Castile were so hatefull vnto the Prince of VVales as he returned to Bourdeaux discontented The Deputies of the Kings of Nauarre and Arragon and of the Prince of VVales came to Tarbes at the day appointed where there also arriued some from Castile The dispositions of these Princes were such as the King of Arragon would willingly haue ioyned with D. Henry if hee had durst but hee followed fortune he of Nauarre was more inclyned to the Prince of VVales but whatsoeuer it were euery one sought to make his proffit of these troubles and to draw some thing from Castile the King of Arragon would haue Murcia and some other townes hee of Nauarre demanded the prouinces of Guipuscoa and Alaua namely Victoria Sauueterre Treuigno and many townes in Rioja the Prince of VVales pretended Biscay Castro of Ordiales and many other places all promising to bandy themselues against D. Henry and to stop his passage into Spaine if these things were performed by D. Pedro if not they were as ready to enter into league with D. Henry if hee made them the like pormises Thus the Realme of Castile was set to sale On the other side King Edward father to the Prince of VVales and the King of Arragon had their practises apart to diuide the realme of Castile and Leon betwixt them and to giue some part vnto the King of Nauarre Thus these Princes laboured to diuide that betwixt them which God had appointed for an other and their propositions and disputes at Tarbes were such and of so many things as not able to conclude any thing they referred their assembly to Oleron where they did lesse 22 During these Negotiations D. Henry entred with his French army into Arragon Nauarre which made euery one to thinke of his affaires with D. Henry was Bernard bastard to the Earle of Foix who had beene taken in the battaile of Nagera Second Entries D. Henry bastard of Castile into Spaine and redeemed from the English and although that the King of Arragon sought to diuert this passage yet D. Henry went his course and by Nauarre also finding not any opposition Hauing past the riuer of Ebro with his whole army marching in the country of Castile hee fell on his knees and making a crosse vpon the sand hee sware that no toile nor misfortune should euer make him goe out of Castile Hee entred into Calaorra without contradiction the eight and twentith of September this yeere of our Lord 1367. whether many Knights Squiers and other men came vnto him flying the furie of the King D. Pedro. Being assured of Calaorra hee came to Logrogno where hee found great resistance wherefore he past on by Rioja and Bureba and came to Burgos where the Inhabitants receiued him with great affection and although the castle and the Iewes place made some resistance yet he brought them to obedience and tooke within the castle D. Iames of Majorca who defended it Hee was sonne to the last King of Majorca and had escaped from a hard prison where hee had beene long detained in the new castle at Barcelona since the yeere of our Lord 1362. then beeing come to Naples hee had the happe to marrie Queene Ieanne of Naples whom they called Duke of Calabria and not King of Naples Many townes yeelded vnto Don Henry in fewes daies and about the beginning of the yeere of our Lord 1368. he got the city of Leon wherefore hauing much blemished the name and authority of his aduersary in old Castile hee marched with his army towards Toledo which city hee beseeged making a bridge of wood ouer the riuer of Tayo to passe and repasse his army as occasion should serue The Inhabitants were desirous to receiue D. Henry but for that Don Pedro held many of their men in hostage fearing least hee should kill them they durst not declare themselues At this seege the French Kings Ambassadors preuailed so with Don Henry as hee sware to compromit the controuersies which hee had with the King of Arragon hauing that charge from their maister who desired to reconcile these two Princes at this promise there were present Don Pedro of Arragon the Kings vncle the Archbishop of Toledo Don Pedro Fernandes of Velasco Fernand Peres of Ayala Diego Gomes of Toledo Gonçal-Messie of Pont and others Don Pedro King of Castile hauing fortified and manned the towne of Carmona parted thence to come to Eccia hauing in his company Mahumet King of Granado Army of the King D. Pedro. called the old with all the forces of his Realme consisting of seuen thousand horse and foure score thousand foot whereof twelue thousand were Crosse-bowes or a some write thirtie thousand to whom the King Don Pedro did ioyne fifteene hundreth horse and sixe thousand foote of his subiects and partisans Spaniards
and the better to perswade her he promised that if she had not entertainement fit for her royall State in Nauarre he would impart some of his vnto her and giue her a good company of Knights and Ladies to conduct her into Nauarre with that honour which did belong vnto her She hauing no iust reason to contradict the King her brother answered him in these termes Sir I am much bound vnto you for many respects Excuses of the Queene of Nauar. besides the good councell it pleaseth you now to giue me wherein I know you seeke my honour and proffit The King my Lord and husband must also be mindefull of your bounty and brotherly loue vsed towards him in many matters of great consequence for my sake for if you had not imploied your selfe at my request to the French King who held him prisoner it may bee hee should haue found greater difficulties in his deliuery Being come into Spaine he knowes what honours and what guifts he hath receiued from you during the life of the King his father And when he came to succeed in the Realme of Nauarre all the world hath seene how liberally you haue restored him the places which you might iustly haue retained in Nauarre being left in deposito at the peace made betwixt you fathers Moreouer you haue discharged him of twenty thousand doublons of gold and of his promise for the English Nobleman who was a prisoner taken in warre being two thousand pounds starling presently after the death of the deceased King his father you caused mee to goe out of your Realme into his country whether I carried whatsoeuer I had good and precious to appeere the more honourable amongst the Nauarrois with the Ladies and Gentlewomen of my traine borne of great families all things tending to the honour and profit of the King my Lord But in steed of acknowledging all this it greeeues me to speake it and I cannot speake it without blushing hee hath not receiued me nor intreated mee as hee ought He appointed me certaine prouisions monthly for the entertainement of my house my state and attendants whereof I haue beene alwaies so ill paied as I haue beene often forced to ingage my iewels to content my seruants who complained often vnto me Besides falling dangerously sicke in Nauarre and almost dead I was duly informed that my languishing proceeded from certaine hurtfull herbes which were giuen mee by a physition a Iew sent by the King my Lord to cure me I doe not thinke that these herbes were giuen me by the commandement of the King my Lord or with his priuity and God forbid it should once enter into my thought but I finde it very strange that hauing complained he did not vouchsafe to punish this bad physition as hee deserued Seeing my indisposition to continue I intreated him to giue mee leaue to come into Castile to your court whereas God be thanked and your good reception I haue recouered my health But during my aboade here in this ease I haue beene aduertised that many flatterers and bad seruants to the King my Lord and mee haue charged me with many slanders the which hath much incensed him against me so as I know not how my Estate or my life can be well assured in Nauarre if I returne as you perswade me wherefore I beseech you Sir in the name of God and for the brotherly loue you beare me that you would be pleased to consult with your good and faithfull councellors vpon my returne to the King my Lord and husband whom I loue and honour and to prouide for the safety of my life and honor for if I should fall into any danger or receiue any indignity you should haue interest therein These words accompanied with a mournfull countenance did much mooue the King D. Iohn who promising his sister that he would haue a care of her affaires he conferred with his councell imparting vnto them the speech which the Queene of Nauarre had vsed causing them all to sweare that they should giue him good and faithful councell touching her returne to the King her husband The councell hauing duely consulted of this businesse they came vnto the King and told him that they had found it expedient that hee should cause King Charles his brother in law to sweare to vse the Queene Donna Leonora his wife well and honourably and for assurance thereof he should leaue some places of Nauarre in deposito in the hands of some Knights that were not suspect whereby they thought the Queene might bee well assured to returne into Nauarre and to liue freely with her husband The King of Castile allowed of this aduice and hauing caused his sister Donna Leonora to he called he acquainted her therewith exhorting her to follow it the which seemed nothing pleasing vnto her yet shee yeelded hauing no iust cause of contradiction wherefore the King D. Iohn hauing caused the Ambassadors of Nauarre to bee called hee would haue returned them home with this answere but they replied that the King their maister would take any oth but to deliuer places into a third mans hand hee would not doe it giuing many pertinent reasons why hee should not yeeld to it After many allegations and disputes herevpon the Queene said that if it pleased the King her husband to sweare and promise to Pope Clement the French King and to the King her brother to vse her well she would returne The Ambassadors answered that the Cardinal D. Pedro of Luna had already propounded such an oth and that the King their maister had answered that it was not needfull the French King should meddle with any controuersies betwixt him and his wife and that for the rest he would make no difficulty These disputes increasing more and more to the great griefe of the King of Castile who knew well that the Queene his sister was staied for some other consideration and that the obiections made against her husband were meere slanders he was much perplexed for he both loued Charles King of Nauarre and the Queene also The Ambassadors being out of hope to worke the Queenes returne they demaund the Infanta D. Ieanne the King of Nauarres eldest daughter to whom the succession of the Realme did belong for want of heires males to be deliuered vnto them to carry her into Nauarre to the King her father seeing he might not hope for any more children by the Queene persisting in her vnreasonable resolution to liue from his company The Queene excusing her selfe said that it was not her intent to liue seperated from King Charles but she desired to bee assured of her life And the King her brother who alwaies perswaded her to bee well aduised and to beleeue what he said vnto her was forced to send Alnar Nugnes of Villa Real President of his Chancery into Nauarre to take information of these venimous herbes which shee said had beene giuen her by the physitian a Iew and to bring the depositions of the witnesses
Arragon Arragon sonne to D. Pedro the Cerimonious hauing reigned nine yeeres and three monthes went about that time into the Island of Majorca whether he had beene drawne by the seditions of the Islanders raysed against the Iewes which dwelt among them whom they had slaine and spoiled after the manner of the Castillans and Arragonois incensed by a seditious Archdeacon preaching at Seuile with which mischiefe all the townes of Spaine were in the end infected except Saragossa The King hauing punished the chiefe authors of these hatefull mutinies in his returne he was driuen by a storme to Cap de Cruz about Ampurias from whence being come to Castillon Death of D. Iohn King of Arragon he was surprized by sodaine death some hold that it was in chasing the Wolfe in the woods of Foxa others say hee fell and bruzed his skull in the yeere 1395. This Prince 1395. as we haue formerly said had taken to wife a French Lady called Martha daughter to Iames Earle of Armaignac who gouerned him quietly by whom he had one only daughter called Ioane married at the time of his death to Mathew of Castelbon Earle of Foix and Lord of Bearn which was the cause of much warre in Arragon The Queene D. Martha being dead soone after her deliuery the King D. Iohn married Donna Violant daughter to the Duke of Bar who brought him a soone but of short life and lies interred at Saragossa and afterwards a daughter carrying the mothers name and married in her time to Lewis duke of Aniou sonne to that Lewis which died in Italy pursuing his interest to the realme of Naples After the death of King Iohn Mathew Earle of Foix who had married his eldest daughter pretended according to the custome practised in Spaine The Arragonois reiect D. Ioane from the succession and choose D. Martin that the carowne of Arragon did belong vnto his wife and sought all meanes to botaine it but the Arragonois would not then subiect themselues vnder a strange Prince and reiecting the womans right they did choose D. Martin for their king who was brother to the deceased and was then in Sicile These quarrels rysing from the succession in Arragon and the reiection of the heire of that realme which happened soone after the returne of the Queene Donna Leonora into Nauarre it mooued King Charles to take an oth of his subiects that they should maintaine the Realme to his eldest daughter and successiuely to the rest The end of the seuenteenth Booke SEMPER EADEM THE EIGHTEENTH BOOKE of the Generall History of Spaine The Contents 1. PRroceeding of D. Henry King of Castile against the Earle of Gijon in France 2. Actions of Mahumet Guadix and other Kings of Granado treacheries poysonings and other excesse of that nation to reigne 3. Deeds of D. Henry King of Castile called the sickly Examples of his Iustice temperance and rigour with other pollitike acts 4. Iohn Pablo a Iew a learned man and his conuersation with the honours and dignities which he and his children obtained in Spaine 5. Reformation of the Knights of the Calatraua 6. Warre betwixt Portugal and Castile for the crowne 7. The Dutchesse of Momblanc seizeth vpon the realme of Arragon in the name of her husband D. Martin who was the 15. King of Arragon and the first of that name wherevnto the Estates consented 8. Confirmation of D. Martin King of Arragon his carriage in the gouernment of his realme to forraine Princes and the Pope 9. Death of D. Pedro Tenorio Archbishop of Toledo his family qualities workes and buildings Vacancy of that sea foure yeeres 10. Ruy Lopes d' Aualos and the beginning of the house of Aualos 11. Continuation of the Schisme friar Vincent Ferrier a great preacher 12. Warre against the Moores of Granado the death of King Henry the 3. 13. Marriage of D. Blanche Infanta of Nauarre with Don Martin King of Sicile Accord made by the King of Nauarre with the French King for the Lands of his patrimony that were seized 14. D. Iohn the second of that name King of Castile an Infant of two and twenty monthes old Fidelity and modestie of D. Fernand the Kings vncle Castile gouerned by him and the Queene mother 15. Warre of Granado managed by the Infant Don Fernand first vse of Artillerie in Spaine 16. Superstitions new sects and a third head in the church of Rome 17. Warre of Sardinia troubles at Valencia death of D. Martin the sonne King of Sicile Marriage of D. Martin the father King of Arragon 18. Warre of Castile against the Moores 19 Death of D. Martin King of Arragon Factions for the succession to that crowne The pretendants Arbitrators named to choose a King 20. Duke of Benaâ—ent escapes out of prison The Iewes and Moores commanded to carry certaine markes by the councell of friar Vincent Ferrier 21 D. Fernand first of that name and the 16. King of Arragon opposition of the Earle of Vrgel his imprisonment the Kings coronation 22. Retreat of Pope Benedict into Spaine Councell of Constance Estates at Sarragossa Marriage of the Infant D. Alphonso of Arragon with Donna Maria of Castile 23. D. Alphonso the fifth King of Arragon 24 Gouernment of Castile vnder Donna Catherina the Queene mother 25 Proceeding of the Councel of Constance against Pope Benedict and his obstinacy 26 Conquest of the Canaries by Iohn of Betancourt 27 Family of Estuniga death of the Queene Regent and other affaires of Castile 28 Deeds of D. Iohn King of Portugal Monastery of the battaile and other workes built by him Taking of Ceuta in Barbary descouerie of the Madera's First search of the Portugals into the South and East seas 29 Marriage of the Infant D. Iohn brother to D. Alphonso King of Arragon and of D. Blanch of Nauarre widow Queene of Sicile 30 Marriage pursued with violence by Don Henry maister of Saint Iames brother to the King of Arragon of Donna Catherina Infanta of Castile and what followed 31 Causes of the warre of Naples attempted by D. Alphonso King of Arragon Estate of that Realme vnder Queene Ioane the second 32 Aduancement of D. Aluaro de Luna to be Constable of Castile 33 D. Iohn first of that name and 32. King of Nauarre in the right of D. Blanch his wife 34 Deliuery of D. Henry maister of Saint Iames being prisoner Estates at Toro Restitution of the Constable being chased away ambition of D. Iohn king of Nauarre and of his brother D. Henry 35 New Order of Monkes of Saint Ierosme in Spaine 36 Estate of the Moores of Granado vnder Mahumet the left-handed and other Kings 37 Troubles betwixt Castile Nauarre and Arragon 38 Marriage of Donna Isabella of Portugal to Philip duke of Bourgondy Institution of the Order to the golden Fleece 39 Proceeding by iustice against the King of Nauarre and his partisans in Castile 40 Peace concluded betwixt Portugal and Castile D. Nugno Aluarez of Pereira first Constable of Portugal and
marauidis for the exactions and concussions done vppon his people and the kings money keeping them two moneths in the castle of Burgos vntill the full payment and execution of these things If he were moderate in this act of iustice Executions 〈◊〉 Seuile hee vsed greater rigour at Seuile where all was full of partialities proceeding from the diuisions and quarrels which his tutor had bred which the Magistrates and kings officers could not suppresse Being declared of full age he went thither and caused the Earle of Niebla Peter Ponce of Leon and other heads and chief authors of these seditions to be put in prison and hauing examined euery mans actions he banished some others he condemned in great fynes and losse of their offices and caused many to be hanged or lose their heads so as there were aboue a thousand persons intangled in these punishments and executions of iustice one of the chiefe ministers whereof was Doctor Iohn Alphonso of Toro to whom the gouernement of Seuile was giuen for matters of iustice and the more to countenance him the king stayed there many daies This king gaue many other testimonies of his loue to iustice he gaue audience to all sutors indifferently three dayes in the weeke he heard all the complaints of his subiects and prouided for them he could discerne of men of iudgement which were fit for councell and the gouernment of the commonwealth The most esteemed and of greatest authoritie about him were Don Pedro Tenorio Arch-bishop of Toledo Friar Iohn Henriques and Friar Fernando of Illesca with the Cardinall D. Pedro of Frias Bishop of Osma and these for the Clergie Elâ—etion of 〈◊〉 men to 〈◊〉 great aff â—â—res of Knights he made great esteeme of Don Laurence Suarez of Figueroa Master of Saint Iames Gonçales Nugnes of Guzman Master of Calatraua Diego Hurtado of Mendoça high Admirall of Castile Ruy Lopes of Aualos his Lord Chamberlaine and afterwards Constable Diego Lopes of Estuniga chiefe Iutice Peter Lopes of Ayala a knight of great learning who came to be Lord Chancelour Iohn Velasco a Chamberlaine and other knights of his Councell which consisted of sixteene graue personages Among others that were very deare vnto him there was a Doctor a Iew by sect borne at Burgos who afterwards imbraced the Christian Religion called Don Pablo who for his learning and good life Doctor Pablo a Iew learned and of a good life was in time chosen Bishop of Carthagena and in the end obtained the Bishopricke of Burgos He had many times oppugned the Christian Religion as a Iew Rabin and Master in the Iewish Law but hauing receiued in gift of a Christian Doctor the booke of Saint Thomas Aquinas intituled de Legibus he read it diligently and was so mooued with the reasons thereof as he left his Iewish religion the which is not strange say the Diuines of Spaine for he that knowes not Saint Thomas knoweth not any thing and he that knoweth him knowes all things This Prelate who was a great Preacher a great Philosopher wise and iudicious in matters of State and of the kings Councell wrate many bookes whereof some are yet extant Beeing a Iew he was married Doctor Pablos children all learned and had three soones all learned men whereof the one was Deane of Segobia and succeeded his father in the Bishoppricke of Burgos he was called Don Alphonso of Carthagena from whome we haue the genealogie of the kings of Castile written in Latine Don Gonçalo another sonne of D. Pablos was Bishop of Palença a Prelat of great learning and the third was Aluar Garcia of S. Maria a learned man also D. Pablo their father beeing of the King Don Henries Councell notwithstanding that he had bin a Iew did aduise him and his successors Counsel of a Iew against Iewes not to receiue into their seruice either of his housholds Councell or to any Offices of the Realm any Iew although he were conuerted and that for some speciall causes The King Don Henry being endowed with these good qualities beyond the Ordinary of young Princes had also some blemishes like other mortall men for hee was noted to be sparing and desirous to heape vp treasure and yet they say that it was without the oppression of his subiects the which is hard in a Prince yet hee gaue many prouisions and pensions to them that were neere to him in bloud or allyed to him by affinitie as to the Queene D. Beatrix his mother-in-law whome he maintained in the estate of a Queene and to Don Fernand his brother who shewed himselfe alwaies obedient to his will His countries beeing in peace he gaue himselfe to repaire and fortifie the fronter places and did build a new the castle of Carthagena As for religious buildings the church and conuent of the Carthusians at Burgos called Mirefleurs are his worke he was a great fauorer of the Franciscans to whome Queene Katherine his wife had a particular deuotion who was a Ladie of great pietie according to the instruction of that time bountifull maiesticall wife and discreet in her words yet superfluous in her manner of liuing and louing wine whereby in her latter dayes she fell into a palsey The Kings infirmities which began at the age of seuenteene yeares did in time so vndermine him being incurable as he became drie and leane so as the proportion of his body was changed and he seemed another man then formerly he had beene moreouer he was so sad and melancholicke as most commonly he was alone and would not admit of any company Yet he was alwaies carefull of the gouernement of the Realme He alwaies entertayned Ambassadours in Princes Courts as well Christians as Mahumetists by whom he was aduertised what was done in forraine countries their manners and manner of gouernements a thing most profitable for him that sends them Ambassadors discourer the councels and actions of Princes but not for them that receiue them for by Ambassadors which are resident the Councels and actions of Princes are discouered to the great preiudice of their estates Two of his Ambassadors sent into the East the which wee Pelayo of Soto maior and Fernando Pelasuel fell into the hands of Tamberlaine Emperor of the Tartarians after the defeate of Baiazet who intreated then graciously and sent them backe into Spaine with an Ambassador of his to demand friendship of king Henry During his raigne in the yeare 1397 the order to the Knights of the Calatraua in steed of a blacke hood which they had worne vntill that time Red crosse the marke of the Order of Calatraua tooke for their marke a red square crosse which they carry at this day the which was done by the Bull of Pope Benedict of Auignon at the instance of Don Gonçal Nugnes of Guzman maister of the Calatraua The realme of Castille being at peace with all men it was ingaged in new troubles by Don Iohn King of Portugall for that the Articles of the truce concluded
did presse him to punish them offring to lay hold of them if he pleased whereof they hauing some intelligence retired from court whereat the Queene was much discontented and was not quiet vntill she had caused them returne hauing obtained a safe conduit from the duke D. Fernand. At Vailledolit there arriued Ambassadors from the French King and from Lewis Duke of Orleans his brother who offred the King of Castile and his Gouernors to come to the war against the Moores with a thousand launces entertained with them were Ambassadors from the Dukes of Austria and Luxemburg making the like offers and more ouer the Duke of Orleans demaunded Queene Beatrix widow to King Iohn the first to wife There were great thankes giuen vnto them all and the truce made with the new King of Granado made knowne vnto them As for the marriage the widow Queene would giue no eare vnto it contenting herselfe to liue a widowes life in her house of Villa real from whence she did not part The French Ambassadors confirmed the ancient league betwixt the houses of France and Castile At Vailledolit there was an assembly in the which was ratefied the marriage of the Infanta Donna Maria the Kings sister with her cousin Germain D. Marriage betwixt D. Alphonso eldest sonne to the Duke of Pegnafiel and D. Maria the Kings sister Alphonso eldest sonne to the Duke of Pegnafiel to her was assigned for dowrie the Marquisate of Villena Aranda and Portillo and for an earnest penny of the marriage there were thirty thousand doublons of gold deliuered This yeere D. Laurence Suarez of Figueroa maister of Saint Iames being dead there was substituted in his place D. Henry the third sonne to the Infant D. Fernand Duke of Pegnafiel notwithstanding all the labouring of Garcia Hernandes Lord of Villagarcia great Commander of Castile About that time there was set vp as a most holy thing in Spaine an Image of the Virgin Mary found by a relligious Frenchman in the mountaine which is betwixt Salamanca and Cite Roderigue called La Pegna of France where afterwards there was a monastery built in honour of this Image whereof the Spaniards report many Prodigies and miracles of the which they haue made whole bookes and treaties This age was fertile during the Schisme of the church of sects and new monasticall institutions For besides the reformation of the regular Chanoins of Saint Augustin by the dilligence of Leon of Carrate Prior of Frigionaja of Santa Maria in the fields of Luca the Order of White Monkes of Mount Oliuet had its beginning neere vnto Siena by Bernard and other Monkes of Siena and that of Saint George of Alaga by Laurence Iustinian a Venetian otherwise called blue Celestins The same yeere the Schisme in the church did produce a third head in the church of Rome Three Popes at one time in the church of Rome for many Princes hauing insisted much for the revnion of the church that the two Popes Benedict of Auignon and Gregory of Rome should meet at Sauona and take some good course for the quiet of Christendome these good fathers zealous of their glory did so contemne one an other as there was no meanes to draw them together wherefore many Cardinals being disbanded as well from the sea of Rome as from that of Auignon there was a councell celebrated by them at Pisa in Tuscany by the which Benedict and Gregory being deposed from their papal dignity Peter Philarge a friar borne in Candy Archbishop of Milan and Cardinal of the title of the twelue Apostles was chosen and named Alexander the fifth who liued but teene monthes wherefore the Cardinals were forced to meet againe at Bolonia in Lombardy whereas Balthasar Cosse a Neapolitaine Cardinal of the title of Saint Eustace and Legat of Bolonia was chosen and named by them Iohn the three and twentith This was a triepling of the Schisme and confusion in the church of Rome for the two first Popes did still hold their dignities and had their followers to the contempt one of an other namely Castile and Nauarre held for Benedict resyding in Auignon holding the other two for false Popes Aboue all others D. Martin King of Arragon did reuerence and support Pope Benedict Arragon who at that time had many crosses both within and without his realme for the King of Sicile his sonne being young and gouerned by young men had so discontented the Noblemen of the country both Sicilians and Arragonois as finding himselfe plonged againe in very great difficulties the King his father was forced to send him succors both of gallies and souldiars whereby in the end he became maister of all Sicile but with great paine and being better councelled he did gouerne it with more honour and authority but not without continuall iealousie and distrust Yet hee had meanes to imploy himselfe in the warre of Sardynia and to preserue that Island to the crowne of Arragon In the which Brancaleon of Oria VVarre in Sardynia had made such attempts against the Arragonois as they were in a manner ready to abandon it hee hauing ioyned vnto his forces those of Americ Vicont of Narbone who had married Beatrix sister to his wife Leonora of Arborea these two brothers in law being strong and also faoured by the common-weale of Genoua it was needfull to haue the forces of Sicile and Arragon vnited to suppresse them D. Martin King of Sicile came thether in person with tenne gallies with a resolution not to leaue the Island vntill he had wholy subdued it whereof he did aduertise the King his father who soone after sent D. Pedro Torellia into Sardynia with an hundred and fifty saile which transported good numbers of foote and horse with many Noblemen and Knights of fame During this preparation D. Raymond Boil Viceroy of Valencia was murthered in Easter weeke Viceroy of Valencia slaine by the treachery of his owne brother going out of the castle whereof his owne brother was a practiser whereof being conuicted he lost his life with the rest that had committed the murther Within a while after there was a marriage in the same city betwixt D. Iames of Arragon Eaâ—â—e of Vrgel sonne to D. Pedro and D. Isabella the Kings sister and daughter to the deceased King D. Pedro and of Sibille of Sforza his last wife an vnfortunate marriage as we will shew And for that a son which D. Martin King of Sicile had had by D. Blanche of Nauarre was dead about that time D. Martin King of Arragon the grandfather conceiued so great a griefe as retyring himselfe from all affaires he shut himselfe vp in the Monastery of Val de Christus which hee had caused to bee built and left the whole charge of the warre of Sardynia to his sonne Don Martin King ofSicile who with the forces of Arragon led by D. Pedro Torellia charged the enemies campe about Sauluri and put them to roâ—t with great slaughter forcing the Vicont of
the yere he caused both gold and siluer to be coyned of a good Standard His residence at his first comming to the crowne was at Belin there his brother the Infant D. Pedro the Traueller duke of Coimbra came and kist his hands and sware vnto him fealty and homage The first yeare of his raigne and the second of the age of his sonne Don Alphonso hee caused him to be sworne the lawfull heire of the Crowne by the assembled at Sintra and would haue him called Prince Title of Prince first vsurped by the eldest sonne 〈◊〉 Portugall a title first vsurped by him in Portugall following the example of the eldest of other Christian kings his neighbors in Spaine After this solemnitie he caused the bodie of the king his father to be transported whose obsequies were the most royall and stately that euer were made for any king of Portugall For two moneths space that he lay in the cathedrall Church there were thirtie Masses sayd euery day and an aniuersarie once a weeke the bodie beeing accompanied and watched euery night by a great number of clerkes and religious men Stately funerals of King Iohn of Portugal singing diuers suffrages for the soule of the deceased The bodie beeing to be transported it was layed vpon an high bed garnished with many banners and trophees and it was watched in the night by the Infant Don Pedro beeing accompanied by a great number of gentlemen Don Fernand Arch-bishop of Braga the kings nephew doing the seruice who the next day sung Masse in his pontificall habit with great state ceremonie after which and the Sermon made by Friar Giles Lobo the kings Confessor the bodie was layed vpon a chariot and conducted by the new street where there was another Sermon made a third in S. Domingo after which it was accompanied with a great procession out of the towne and conducted by the king and the Princes to the Monasterie of S. Denis of Oduiella distant a league and an halfe from Lisbon where it rested that night where as the Infant Don Henry Master of the Order of Christ with his commanders watched from thence it was carried to Villafranca where they made another pause the Infant Don Iohn Master of Saint Iames with his Commanders watching that night Passing on the next day with the like pompe they came to Arcoentre where it rested againe and the bodie was watched by the Infant D. Fernand Master of Auiz with his commanders Continuing the next day they came to Alcouaça where they made the fourth pause and there watched D. Alphonso Earle of Barcellos brother to the Infants aboue-named accompanied by his two sonnes Don Diego Earle of Oren and Marquis of Valencia and Don Fernand Earle of Arroyolos and Marquis of Villavitiosa in all which places there was Euensong and vigils sayd at night when it arriued and in the morning before it parted Masse being sung pontifically by the abbot of Alcouaça and the Bishops of Ebora and la Garde in all places in the end they came to the Hermitage of Saint George in the place of battel with the like procession pompe and ceremonie as they came out of Lisbone The Hermite came foorth to meet it and did accompanie it to the royall Monasterie of the battell where it was receiued and layd in a royall sepulchre with great and sollemne Masses and other ceremonies Modesty of the Infant D. Pedro and his â—â—her vertues and very rich offerings where as aboue all others the pietie and filiall duty of the Infant D. Pedro was remarkable in which good and kind offices hee continued towards king Edward his brother in the gouernement of the affaires of the realm committed vnto him This Prince is much commended by the Portugals for his modestie affirming that he would neuer suffer any one to kisse his hand nor to speake to him kneeling nor to vse any other tearmes of submission accustomed to great men Hee loued learning and learned men greatly and himselfe did write some Treaties of the gouernement of Princes and made some traductions out of the Latine tongue into the vulgar Portugal not without learning and iudgement He had a particular deuotion to Michael the arch-angell as he was instructed by the Diuines of that age wherefore he carried a ballance for his deuice and was a great builder of Temples and holy places He caused Saint Michael of Penela and Auero to be built and in the same towne he was the founder of the Monasterie of Piety of the preaching Friars and of the church of Tentuble and of the hospitall of Saint Eloy he made a collegiall Monasterie as it is at this present Besides which buildings hee caused the Estates to be built in the city of Lisbon to lodge Courtiers to ease the inhabitants of that troublesome and many times preiudiciall subiection This Prince was husband to Donna Izabella of Arragon daughter to Don Iames Earle of Vrgel and of D. Izabella Infanta of Arragon daughter to Don Pedro the fourth of that name Of D. Iames I say who thinking to raigne in Arragon after the decease of D. Martin rebelled against the determination of the arbitrators who had chosen Don Fernand of Castile for King the which cost him his libertie and estates goods and dignities whereof being depriued he dyed a prisoner The Infant Don Pedro had by this Ladie Donna Izabella Don Pedro who was third Constable of Portugall who in the warres which the Cattelans had against Don Iohn king of Nauarre heire to his brother Don Alphonso King of Arragon he was chosen King of Arragon and dyed in that warre with that title Moreouer he had Don Iohn future king of Cypres husband to Donna Izabella whome Don Alphonso the fifth of that name her cousin germaine married a princesse hauing her deuotion and hope directed to Saint Iohn the Euangelist in whose honor shee caused the Monasterie at Lisbon to be built dedicated to him on the toppe of Euxobregas With these two sonnes he had D. Philippe who liued a religious woman in the Monasterie of Odiuelas and was so giuen to studie as she translated into the Portugal tongue a worke of Laurence Iustinians Patriarke of Venice and of Aquilea founder of the Order of S. George of Alaga moreouer Don Iames and Donna Beatrix who were retired after their fathers decease by Donna Izabella Dutchesse of Bourgondie their aunt Don Iames was aduanced to spirituall liuings afterwards made a Cardinall and Arch-bishop of Lisbone and Donna Beatrix was married to the Lord of Rauestein nephew to the Duke of Bourgondie Cardinall dyes a virgin This Cardinall dyed a Virgin as they say at Florence where he was buried in the time of Pius the second In the beginning of the yeare 1431. there had beene a generall councell called Councel of Basil the which was continued by Pope Eugenius Successor to Martin the fifth in the cittie of Basill this yeare 1433. but afterwards the fathers were diuided and the Pope
the time that Eugenius liued notwithstanding that hee had retayned his dignitie after whose death Nicholas the fift being chosen at Rome he renounced his Popedome hauing held it 9. years and fiue moneths the rest of his dayes hee passed with the title of Cardinall of Santa Sabina The reason which drew the king of Castile in such hast to Vailledolit was for that hee had beene aduertised there were some knights would stirre vp new troubles thither came Ambassadors againe to him from Arragon 1448. in the beginning of the yeare 1448. who hauing treated of many things in the end they concluded a truce for seuen moneths betwixt Castile and Nauarre whereof the garrisons of Nauarre beeing not aduertised in time they continuing their hostility in Castile they surprized the towne of S. Cruz of Campeço by scalado it belonging to Lope of Rojas whom they carried away with his wife and many others And moreouer the Gouernour of Albarazin seazed vppon the castell of Huelamo in the Bishoppricke of Cuenca the which hauing beene ill guarded by the Castillans was well worse by these so as Iohn Hurtado of Meudoça recoured it by the meanes of a Castillan souldier who was there in gouernement among the Naurrois The king of Castile sent into Nauarre to summon Prince Charles in consequence of the truce to deliuer Don Lope de Rojas and the towne of Santa Cruz the which was done A combate At that time a knight of Bourgondie called Iames of Lalain did fight a combate without any cause of quarrell but onely to make triall of his valour as it was the maner in those times against Don Diego de Guzman brother to the Lord of Torrija at Vailledolit Don Diego was sore wounded in the fore-head with a battell-axe after which they closed but the King casting his staffe parted the combate and did great honour to the Bourguignon Ambition and couetousnesse as they say haue neither bounds nor bottome the which shewes it selfe chiefly in such as haue the gouernement of great Estates whereof at that time Don Aluaro de Luna Constable of Castile was a notable president who not content with the happinesse to haue seene a dangerous League conspired to his ruine by so many Princes and great Noblemen broken himselfe restored to the Princes fauour and to triumph ouer his enemies but hee would plunge them into the like miserie as hee had escaped and wholly gouerne the king and Realme with Don Iohn de Pacheco the Princes Minion Practises of the Constable D. Aluaro de Luna and so diuide all the honours fauours and greatnesse of Spaine betwixt them Don Alphonso of Fonseca newly made Bishop of Auila was an apt Councellor for their deâ—â—eigne who was of opinion that they should cause some of the great ones who were offensiue vnto them to be committed to prison Hauing therefore mediated an enterview of the king and Prince betwixt Tordesillas and Villeverd the Court beeing very great and stately there were apprehended the Earles of Benauent and Alba Don Pedro and Suero of Quignones and Don Henry brother to the Admirall Don Frederick who was also vppon the rowle but beeing ill disposed he came not to this enterview so as hee escaped and so did Don Diego Gomes of Sandoual Earle of Castro Xeris who beeing either aduertised or doubting of some practise stayed at home and afterwards hauing aduice that the king came to Aguilar del campo and the Prince to Lerma to take the Admirall and him they both left their houses and retired to Nauarrette and from thence passed to Tudele where the King of Nauarre was whose faction was the accusation and colour of these imprisonments the Constable saying moreouer that they had conspired to kill him The Admirall and Earle of Castro were very kindly entertayned by the King of Nauarre who led them with him to Sarragossa where it was resolued that the Admirall should go to Naples to the King of Arragon to acquaint him with the gouernement of Castile and to sollicite him to come into Spayne to ayde them to recouer their rankes dignities and lands or else that he would giue them leaue to vse his forces of Arragon According to this Councell the Admirall embarked at Barcelona and went to Naples The king of Castile hauing no great confidence in Don Diego Manrique who had the guard of the frontier of Nauarre he forced him to leaue the forts of Ocon Nauarret and Treuigno and gaue them himselfe in guard to the Earle of Haro his Brother-in-law for one yeare These things thus done all the lands of them that were absent were seized on and put into the kings hands many Noblemen in Court beeing much offended at these violences but aboue all others they found the Earle of Albas imprisonment very strange who had alwaies shewed himselfe a faithfull seruant to the king and a partizan to the Constable and euery man examined his conscience many beeing terrified remembring that they had offended the King or the Prince in some light matters so as there were retreates made daily from Court without leaue with other confusions which made the king to see from whence the mischiefe came besides throughout all Spaine they spake plainely and boldly that the Constables ambitious desire to raigne in Spain had caused this tumult in Court and so wronged the Noblemen that were prisoners Don Alphonso King of Portugall sonne to Donna Leonora sister to the king of Nauarre beeing dead in Castile as it was thought of poyson beganne to apprehend it yea the King of Granado stirred in fauour of them that were so vnworthily poursued by the Constable wherewith the king of Castile beeing mooued hee had a desire to seize vppon the Constable yet distrusting the inconstancie of the Prince his sonne he durst not do it There were some troupes of horse and foote sent to the frontiers of Nauarre and Granado Moores of Granado incited by the king of Nauarre against Castile especially against the Moores who spoyled the Countrie of Murcia King Mahumet Aben-Ozmen beeing sollicited by the King of Nauarre to do the worst hee could to the Christians of Castile where all was full of seditions but these were practises vnworthie of a Christian Prince yet vsuall among the Princes of this world that are at warre who oftentimes make religion a vaile to couer their couetous and inordinate passions and affections Mahumet Coxo the 17. king of Granado THis Mahumet called Coxo Granado beeing come to the Crowne of Granado by the violence hee vsed against his vncle Mahumet maintained himselfe with the like art wherat many of the Knights of Granado beeing incensed they retired themselues to Montefrio a place which onely reiected the command of this tyrant beeing held by Andilbar who had beene high Marshall to King Mahumet the left-handed who entertayned an enemie to King Coxo to dispossesse him of the Crowne as hee had done his Vncle. It was the Infant Aben Izmael who hauing followed
Bertrand de la Cueua The opinion of the Bishop of Calaorra of Friar Lopes de Barriento of the Master of Saint Iames and others which were present at the reading of the letter was to go presently and find out the rebells and to offer them battaile alleadging diuers reasons as namely the small forces which they had then together but the King would not consent thereunto desiring perhaps to bee reputed meeke and gentle rather then warlike and valiant whereuppon the Bishoppe of Calaorra The King will rather seeme meeke than rigorous told him plainely that hee very well perceyued hee did not desire to raigne peaceably seeing that hee made so smal account of the defence of his honour in not reuenging the wrongs and iniuries which were done vnto him Sharp speeches of the Bishop of Calaorra to the king and that for his part he did verily beleeue that hee would neuer leaue behind him the fame and report of a generous and magnanimous King but that he was assured that hee would become the most vnhappie King that euer raigned in Spayne and that he would repent his cowardize when it was too late Notwithstanding this free admonishment hee remayned cold and gaue eare to the agreements which they offered him Hee sent word to those of the League to meete at Duegnas the which they did and thither came the Admirall and the Arch-bishop of Seuill There they beganne to treate of diuers matters but the better to conferre it was thought fit and conuenient that the King should come to Cabeçon and the Confederates to Cigalâ—s and places thereabouts which beeing done the King and the Marquis of Villena spake and conferred together in the open fields each of them beeing accompanied with three persons and fiftie horse on each part to discouer visite and make sure the Countrie round about After long conference together it was concluded That the king within twelue daies after should deliuer into the Marquis his hands the person of the Infant Don Alphonso who should be acknowledged for Prince and heire of the kingdome of Castile and oath made vnto him in that nature at the same instant according to the custome of Spaine by the Lords and Deputies of the townes and Prouinces that should be there present and that the Lords and Knights should promise that the Infant Don Alphonso who was then eleuen yeares old should marrie Donna Ioane the Queenes daughter so soone as shee should come to age Arâ—icles agreed vpon for the pacification of the troubles againe that the Earle of Ledesma should giue ouer the Mastership of Saint Iames the which should be restored to the Infant Don Alphonso That for the gouernement of the affaires of State and other great businesses of the kingdome two Knights of each side should be chosen Don Alphonso of Oropeça Generall of the Ieronomites should be as vmpire betweene the two parties on the Kings part for the assurance of the deliuerie of the Infant should be giuen in hostage for the kings fidelitie the Master of Saint Iames and the Earle of Benauent for that of the confederates These things beeing agreed vppon the King came to Segobia in the castle of which cittie the Queene and the Infants lay and he caused the Infant Don Alphonso to depart thence to be deliuered to the Lords of the League albeit it was fore-told him that the Infant should be declared King of Castile but the Secretarie Aluar Gomes who was wholy at the Marquis his deuotion Don Alphonso the kings brother acknowledged heire to the crowne assured him of the contrarie vnto whome the charge to conduct the Infant to Sepulueda was committed where he deliuered him into the hands of the confederate Lords The King returned to Valiodolit from whence the next day he returned to Cabeçon The confederates on the other side brought the Infant into the fields where he was sworne vnto and acknowledged Prince and heire of those kingdomes being eleuen yeares of age The Prelates and Knights of the league which were present at this ceremony were D. Alphonso Carillo of Acugna Arch-bishop of Toledo Don Alphonso of Fonseca Arch-bishop of Seuile Don Inigo Manrique Bishop of Coria Don Frederick Henriques great Admirall of Castille Don Aluaro of Estuniga Earle of Plaisance Don Garcia Aluaro of Toledo Earle of Alua Don Rodrigo Manriques Earle of Paredes the Earles of Saint Marta and Ribadeo with others who promised that the marriage betweene the Infant and Donna Ioane should be accomplished And on the Kings side to consult vppon the administration of the affaires was chosen Don Pedro of Velasco eldest son to the Earle of Haro Don Pedro Fernandes of Velasco and Gonçal of Sahauedra the Confederates appoynted the Marquis of Villena and the Earle of Plaisance and for a third person Friar Alphonso of Oropesa was named The King beeing come backe to Valiodolit did handle the matter so with the Earle Don Bertrand de la Cueua as he for quietnesse sake renounced the Master-shippe of Saint Iames and yeelded it vp into the Popes hands For which deed of his the King vsing his accustomed bountie Don Bertrand de la Cueua created Duke of Albuquerque gaue him in recompence the towne of Albuquerque with the title of Duke with the townes of Cuellar Roa Molina Atiença la Pegna d'Alcaçar and besides all this three millions and fiue hundred thousand Marauidis of yearely rent to be leuied vppon Vbeda Baeça and other places of Andalusia we will therefore hereafter call him Duke of Albuquerque and Earle of Ledesma Those things beeing accomplished the king went to Olmeda and the Iudges or arbitrators which wer chosen to Medina del campo where whilest they conferred and disputed about the affaires the Confederates had inuented new meanes to continue the troubles The Arch-bishop of Toledo and the Admirall Don Frederick made shew to be displeased with the Marquis and made a craftie reconcilement with the King making him beleeue that they had both will and meanes to ruine the Marquis the King receyued them very fauourably and for ioy thereof sent to Don Gomes of Caceres Master of Alcantara and to Don Pedro Puerto Carero Earle of Medellino whome hee very much trusted to come to him with as many souldiers as they could leauie Thereupon hee was aduertised that the arbitrators had giuen vp their sentence by the which there remayned nothing to him but the name of King only for the Marquis beeing a man very wise eloquent and well experienced did so handle the other Deputies as he made them to condiscend to whatsoeuer he pleased hauing the Secretarie Aluar Gomes wholy at his deuotion by whose meanes he drew Gançalo of Sahauedra to his party The King being greatly troubled therewith sent for Aluaro and Gonçalo to come and speake with him but they beeing kept backe with shame and their owne euil conscience durst not appeare in his presence The King betrayed on all sides but secretly tooke an other way
to the Lords of the League to admonish them to desist from their wicked practises and to submit themselues to the Kings obedience the confederates answered that they would send some man of authoritie to the king and soon after they did write to the Arch-bishop of Seuil intreating him to come to Auila to treate vpon the meanes of agreement The citty of Burgos yeelds to the king who with the Kings good liking went vnto them In the meane season the citty of Burgos by the meanes of Pedro of Velasco returned to the Kings obedience It was concluded in Areualo that the Confederates should intreat the king that the Infanta Izabella might be sworne vnto and acknowledged Princesse and heire of his kingdomes all other oathes made to the contrarie notwithstanding Which beeing done euery of them would willingly obey him these things beeing related at Madrid by the Arch-bishop of Siuill the King called a Councell thereupon where the opinions were diuers some affecting Donna Ioane whom the King still called his daughter but the Lord Steward Andrew de Cabrera could so well ioyne reason to his opinion as it was resolued to graunt what the Confederates requested then did they set downe these Articles That the Infanta Donna Izabella should bee declared Princesse of the Asturia's Aâ—ticles of 〈◊〉 agreed vpon and sworne vnto as eldest heire to the Kingdomes of Castile and Leon That pardon should bee graunted to the Master of Saint Iames and to the other Lords his Confederates for whatsoeuer they had committed against his royall Maiestie and free and safe accesse should be giuen them to come to Court with restitution of all that had been taken from them That the King within foure moneths after should send backe his wife Queen Ioan and Donna Ioane his daughter into Portugall and to be diuorced from her by the Popes authoritie and that the citties of Auila Vbeda with the townes of Medina del campo Olmedo and Escalona and the Lord-ship of Molina should be giuen to the Princesse Donna Izabella who might not marrie with any one without the consent of King Henry her brother The Lords of Mendoza not callâ—d to the councelâ— of pâ—ace whereunto she did sweare Into this councell were not admitted the Marquis of Santillana nor his brother the Bishoppe of Siguença who were come to court to kisse the Kings hand vppon the newes of the death of the Infant Don Alphonso for they fauoured and much respected Donna Ioane who was resident in the Castle of Buytrago vnder the keeping of the Marquis therefore they returned male-content to Guadalajara The Queene remayning in the Castle of Alaejos vnder the power of the Arch bishop of Seuille as hath beene sayd before became enamoured on a young man Queene Ioanes dishmest life who had charge to keepe her and as some say hee was the Bishoppes nephew called Pedro by whome in time shee had two children namely Don Fernand and Don Apostol who were brought vp in the Cittie of Tolâ—â—o in the Monasterie of Saint Dominick the royal by the Abbesse of the house who was Aunt to their father Don Pedro and it is reported that the King hauing notice thereof caused Don Pedro to be taken to the end to punish him as he had deserued but that the Queene shed so many teares as shee saued his life and begged him of the king who in those matters was the most carelesse person liuing Now these Lords of the house of Mendoza beeing departed discontented from the Court thinking themselues to be disgraced and on the other side fauouring Donna Ioane it happened that the Queene hauing secret intelligence with certaine of her guard within and without with Don Lewis Hurtado of Mendoza sonne to Ruy Diaz escaped from the Castle of Alaejos causing hir selfe to bee let downe in a basket from the Castle walles but the rope beeing too short and those which let her downe thinking that shee had beene neere to the ground did let her fall a good height so as shee hurt her face and one of her feete indangering also her life neuerthelesse Don Lewis who was at the foote of the wall tooke her vp and layed her in a litter standing there readie for the same purpose and so brought her away the next day to the Castle of Buytrago where her daughter remayned who was called all ouer Spayne La Bertraneja because shee was reputed and supposed to bee the daughter of Bertrand de la Cueua Duke of Albuquerque The Arch-bishoppe of Seuille thought himselfe highly wronged by the violent and fraudulent deliuerie of the Queene therefore hee hastily perswaded and procured the agreement to the Articles aboue-mentioned and there was a place appoynted and determined Donna Izabeâ—a â—eclared Princesse and heire of Castille where the parties should meete betweene Zebreros and Cadahalso at a place called La venta du Tor de Guisando neere to a Monasterie of Saint Hierome the Arch-bishoppe beeing much displeased and discontented with the Queene These met at Cadahalso vppon the day appoynted and set downe the King the Arch-bishop of Seuille the Earles of Playsance Benauent and Miranda together with others of the Councell on the one side and the Infanta Donna Izabella with the Confederates mette at Zebreros the chiefe of whome were Don Alphonso Carillo Arch-bishoppe of Toledo Don Lewis of Acugna Bishoppe of Burgos Don Inigo Manrique Bishop of Coria and the Master of Saint Iames Don Iohn de Pacheco euery one of these on the nineteenth day of September the same yeare one thousand foure hundred sixtie eight in the presence of the Popes Legate Antonio de Veneris who afterward was Cardinall with great solemnitie in the place aboue-mentioned tooke the oath of allegeance and obedience to the King and then they did sweare to and declare the Infanta Donna Izabella Princesse of the Asturia's and eldest lawfull heire to the kingdomes of Castile and Leon with all the dependances reuenues and lands annexed and ioyned thereunto the Legate Apostolicke dispensing and absoluing all contrarie oathes which had beene made in that nature before and confirming the present Great numbers and multitudes of people came running ioyfully and with wonderfull applause from all parts of the Country to this sollemmâ—tie hoping that peace and quietnesse should be established and planted in Spayne and that all factions and oppositions of outragious and ciuill warres ceassing Iustice should euery where flourish That beeing done and finished the king with the Princesse his sister and the reconciled Lords came to Cadahalso the Arch bishoppe of Toledo excepted whose mind beeing not at quiet returned to Zebreto with the Bishoppes of Burgos and Coria The King passing on left his sister the Princesse and the whole Court at Casa Rubias and went with the Master of Saint Iames to Pard and to Rascafria beeing come thither hee caused Pedro Arrias of Auila together with the bishoppe his brother to leaue the cittie of Segouia which greatly mooued and discontented them the
gouernement whereof was giuen and made ouer to his Steward Andrew de Cabrera one newly come into Castile and borne at Barcelona sonne to Iohn Fernandes and Grand child to Andrew de Cabrera Neuerthelesse for that time hee commaunded no where but in the towne for the fort remayned in the power of the Master of Saint Iames and because the plague was very hotte within the Cittie of Segouia the King nor the Master would not come into the towne but retired and went backe to Casa Rubias whither came Don Lewis of Mendoza with a procuration from Queene Ioane as Protectresse of her daughter in whose name hee protested that the oath made to the Princesse Izabella was of no force nor efficacie and appealed to the Pope from the dispensations made by the Legate but small account was made thereof Now did the Master of Saint Iames consider with himselfe that the discontentment of the Marquis of Santillana and the other Lords of the house of Mendoza with Pedro de l'clasco might produce and bring foorth some bad effects Hee who seemed to bee borne to commaund tooke in hand to appease and qualifie them and did inuite them to meere at Villarejo belonging to the Order of Saint Iames there to consult and determine about the affaires of State with the Kings Commissioners Thither came Don Pero Gâ—â—çales of Mendoza New treaties of marriages â—se a foot by the Master of S. Iames. Bishoppe of Siguença and Don Pedro Velasco on the one side and the Arch-bishoppe of Seuille the Master of Saint Iames and the Earle of Plaisance on the other They did conclude that the Princesse Izabella should marrie with Alphonso King of Portugall who was a widdower and Donna Ioane with his eldest sonne called Don Iohn heire to the Kingdome and her cousin-germaine with condition that if the Princesse Izabella by this marriage should haue no children that then the issue of Donna Ioane should succeed in the Kingdome of Castile for the conclusion and confirmation of which marriages there should be an enterview of the King and Queene of Castile and the King of Portugall This agreement did not please the Ladies for the Princesse Izabella had no desire to marrie with a widower and the Queen feared that vnder color of this meeting she shold be cast off and sent home to Portugall according to the treatie at la Venta du Tor de Guisando wherefore both of them resisted this determination with all their power by reason wherof the Lords of Mendoza and Velasco were very angry with the Queene and her daughter The Master of S. Iames sollicited K. Henry to send Ambassadors into Portugal to request the king to meet thinking by his coming to win the Princesse to condiscend thereunto And not long after the bishop of Siguença and Don Pedro de Velasco beeing with the king perswaded him notwithstanding the Queenes obstinacy vnder-hand to fauour D. Ioane not acquainting the Arch-bishop of Scuill nor the Princesse Izabella therewith These businesses beeing managed with such inconstancie there arriued daily messengers at Court who complayned for that the King had caused this new oath to be made to his sister which most men thought to be a beginning of greater troubles than before and also because that diuers other great Lords of the Kingdome were not called to determine vppon a matter of so great consequence And indeed all those which were discontented therewith did ioyne themselues in league with the Arch-bishoppe of Toledo who thought himselfe to bee ill dealt with for that he had not the Princesse Izabellain his keeping as in time before In the meane time disorders were still committed in diuers Prouinces especially in Andalusia where this yeare Don Iohn de Guzman Duke of Medina Sidonia and Earle of Niebla dyed in whose goods lands and dignityes Don Henry de Guzman his bastard-sonne succeeded It hapned at the same time neere to Toledo that as an husband-man of the countrie called Pero Moro did reape a corne-field at the very first stroake which hee gaue with his sickle great quantitie of bloud issued foorth of the stalkes the which his sons perceyuing who were at worke in the same field came running vnto him thinking that he had hurt himselfe but seeing he had no harme they returned to their labour and cut downe the corne in the same place where their father wrought and at euery stroake they fetched great store of bloud issued which they signified to the Lord of the place who caused it to be recorded for a strange prodigie Whilest the affaires of Castile stood vppon these tearmes King Iohn of Arragon being ridde of his enemie Don Pedro of Portugall Arragon and Nauarre did labour by all meanes after the taking of Tortosa to reduce the Barcelonois to their duties but they like obstinat enemies to their Prince would not hearken thereunto Great were the alterations which they had among themselues after the death of this Portugois Some were of opinion to bring their state into the forme of a Common-wealth like Genoa Venice and other places of Italy and others councelled to returne to the obedience of King Iohn Each of these opinions being reiected they elected for their King Reneé of Aniou Duke of Lorraine and Earle of Prouence Renee Aniou made king of Arragon a Prince of the royall bloud of France who beeing alreadie old and decrepite yet neuerthelesse desirous of the title of King did accept the offer and hauing with the consent of King Lewis the eleuenth leauied souldiers in France sent his sonne Iohn Duke of Calabria or Lorrayne into Spaine who at Manreça ioyned with the Cattelans and hauing drawne diuers of the County of Rossillon to his deuotion he went and beseeged Girona where Peter of Rocabertin was Gouernour who foorthwith aduertised King Iohn thereof who by reason of his indisposition and blindnes could not come thither in person to ayde them but sent his son Prince Fernand accompanied with diuers Lords and Knights vnto whom aboue all other things hee recommended the Princes person beeing on his way from Tortosa towards Girona Queene Ioane his mother who loued him dearely followed him the next day after vpon the newes of the Princes comming the Duke of Calabria raysed his seege and retired himselfe to Denjat from whence he went to Barcelona and then returned with succors in great secrecie and no lesse danger The Prince D. Fernand desirous to looke vppon the enemie being come neere to the place and prouoking the French-men to battell they being fortifyed with a great number of men at armes which K. Lewis had sent them vnder the conduct of the Earle of Armignac The Arragonois defeated by the French came forth into the fields and fought and vanquished the Arragonois the Prince Don Fernand narrowly escaping from beeing taken who had good meanes offered to saue himselfe thorough the indeauours of Rodrigo of Rebolledo who was taken in his stead and brought to Barcelona and afterwards redeemed for tenne
constrayned them to returne into their owne territories Now King Iohns comming with his army beeing knowne in Nauarre encouraged those of Grammont and did greatly amaze the Beaumonto is who knew very well that they should not be able to resist such great forces wherefore taking counsell about the affaires with the Earle of Foix they aduised him to make an agreement with the King his father-in-law who had already resolued after his death to leaue the kingdome to his daughter Donna Leonora and to permit him to enjoy it awhile who by reason of his extreame age could not hold out long therefore he should be content to haue patience and to suffer the King to enioy the title of King of Nauarre the small time he had to liue The Earle was easily drawne thereto for he saw no hope of victorie if hee should haue persisted in his rash enterprise by armes then they began to capitulate setting downe articles Queen Ioane her last confession which shall be hereafter mentioned Before the finall conclusion whereof King Iohn beeing alreadie returned to Tarragona to view his forces and to take order for the warre of Barcelona his wife Queene Ioane being a long time tormented with a canker which consumed her drew neere her end It is reported that when shee kuew shee must needs dye fetching diuers sighs and grones remembring her son Prince Fernand shee sayd Death of the younger Gaston de Foix at Libâ—rna O my son thou hast cost me deare and it is constantly affirmed that â—he did confesse to haue procured and hastened the death of Prince Charles wherwith the king was so highly offended with her as he would neuer afterward looke vpon her yet neuerthelesse her ambition gaue her this content to see before her death her son Prince Fernand made king of Sicill her body according to her will was buried in the Monasterie of Pobleta about this time in the yeare 1469. hapned the lamentable death of Gaston of Foix the younger An. 1469. eldest son to the Earle Gaston and to the Princesse Leonora who should haue succeeded them in the kingdome of Nauarre There was a great assembly of Princes Knights at Liborne nere to Bourdeaux who there met to honor accompany Charles of France brother to Lewis the 11. newly reconciled to him and promoted to the Dutchy of Guyenne after the ciuill war this young Knight Gaston running at tilt which was performed in most costly and sumptuous maner was run with the splinter of a lance into the bravres wherof he dyed to the great griefe of as many as knew him but especially of duke Charles whose sister he had married whose name was Magdalen she being likewise sister to Lewis by whom he had two children to wit Francis Phaebus who was king of Nauar and Earle of Foix and Catherine his sister who succeeded her brother dying without heires Happily it shall not be amisse to set downe here the succession of the house of Foix which hath inherited the kingdome of Nauar fetching it as far as Histories make mention thereof to the which as we haue sayd the Segneury of Bearn was vnited about the yeare 1286. Wee finde that the countrey of Foix was erected into an Earledome about the yeare 1462. by Raymond Originall and continuance of the house of Foix. Earle of Tholousa who inuested therewith Bernard youngest sonne to Roger Earle of Carcassone and to Adela his wife of this Bernard and of Beatrice daughter to the Earle of Beziers was borne Roger who was second Earle of Foix who begat an other Roger his successor in the Countie of Foix second of that name father to Roger the third whom he had by Eximena his second wife hauing first of all married a Lady of Prouence called Estinetta Of Roger the third and of Cicelie daughter to Earle Raymond of Barcelona was borne Raymond Roger who married a Lady called Phillip by whom hee had a sonne called Roger Bernard who succeeded him in the Earledome of Foix and a daughter called Esclrmonde married to the King of Majorca This Raymond Roger caused his lawfull wife to suffer many indignities at the request of a Concubine who was of the religion of the Albigeois Roger Bernard was then Earle of Foix after his father the sixt in number about the yeare 1223. and was surnamed the great Hee married Brunixenda daughter to the Earle of Castelbon by whom hee had Roger called Rotfer Earle of Foix after him Esclermond wife to the Vicount of Cardona and Cicely wife to the Earle of Vrgell Roger Rotfer seanenth Earle of Foix and fift of the name married Brunixenda daughter to the Vicount on whom he begat Roger Bernard the sixt of that name and eight Earle of Foix of him and of Manigarda of Narbona were borne an other Roger Bernard who succeeded in the Earledome Agnes who was wife to Esquibat Earle of Bigorre and Phillip married to Arnold of Spaine Vicount of Conserans Roger Bernard seauenth of the name and ninth Earle of Foix came to the Earledome after the decease of his father about the yeer 1262. who married Marguerit daughter to Gaston de Moncada Lord of Bearne and of Martha de Foix by whose meanes he came to vnite the Lordship of Bearne to the Earledome of Foix by the consent of the estates of Bearne to the preiudice of the Earle of Armagnac who had married the elder daughter of Marguerite whom Gaston disinherited in disdaine that her husband the Earle of Armignac did not helpe him in certaine warres that hee made as well as his other sonne in lawe the Earle of Foix. Now Roger Bernard had by his wife Marguerite of Bearne foure children to weet Gaston the elder who was Earle of Foix after his father the tenth in number and the first of that house who enioyed the Lordship of Bearne Brunixenda wife to Helie of Perigort Constance married to Anthonie de Leui Lord of Mirepoix and Ioane who married Peter sonne to King Iames of Arragon Gaston then the first of that name Earle of Foix and Lord of Bearne married Ioane daughter to Lewis of France Earle of Eureux and of Marguerite of Artois from whom issued Gaston heire to the Earledome Roger Bernard Vicount of Castelbon father of Mathew and of Isabell of Castelbon who succeeded one after an other in the Earledome of Foix and Robert Bishop of Vaur He had also a bastard sonne named the Wolfe Lord of Arauath who begat Blanche wife to Iohn de Gaulti or Grailhij Capdau de Buch. Gaston the second the eleuenth Earle of Foix and second Lord of Bearne of this family had by his wife Elenor daughter to the Earle of Comming Gaston Phoebus who succeeded his father in the yeare 1344. the fourth of that name and hauing married Agnes daughter to King Philip of Nauarre had by her one onely sonne whose murtherer hee was hauing found about him a box of poison which his Vncle King Charles of Nauarre had giuen him to
certaine Barbary horses and other Moorish presents vnto whom the King promised fauour and assistance against the King of Granado as to his vassall From thence he came to Carmona where he remained a space In the same towne there was three castles two of which were at the commandement of the Maister of Saint Iames but the third was held by Gomes Mendes de Sotomajor a Knight wholy leagued with those of Siuill whom the Maister had a great desire to dispossesse and did greatly importune the King to consent therevnto and hee did promise Gomes Mendes a large recompence the which hee refused saying that hee could not leaue that place without the consent of the Knights of Siuill vnto whom hauing declared the wrong that the King would haue done to him onely to satisfie the Maister of Saint Iames the Duke of Medina Sidonia and Roderigo Ponce of Leon Pedro de Estuniga Alphonso Henriques Gouernor of the frontiers sent to aduertize the King that they could not consent to so vnreasonable a matter hurtfull to the crowne as to alienate from the same the town of Carmona which the King at that time tooke in good part but afterward hee was ouer-ruled by the Maister of Saint Iames and would haue constrained Gomes Mendes to haue left the same place wherefore the Duke of Medina and the other Knights with the Inhabitants of Siuill armed themselues and assailed the castle of Triana from whence hauing driuen Hernandes Arias of Sahauedra they placed therein an other captaine then their power increasinge they came into the field giuing the King and the Maister of Saint Iames new matter to thinke on who with the whole Court left Carmona and came to Alcala of Guadiaira and from thence the King sent to command the Duke to disarme himselfe and to send away his people who answered that hee had taken armes for his seruice as also to defend himselfe from his enemy the Maister of Saint Iames The Maister fearing that this fire would kindle to his owne hurt sought meanes to conferre with the Duke which the other Lords and Knights with those of Siuill would not agree vnto saying that the Maister was a crafty wicked man and that their talke would come to no good effect and so sent backe to the King intreating him not to alienat Carmona from the crowne and to confirme Gomes Mendes in his captaineship The King to auoide farther mischiefes made means himself that the Duke and the Maister might talke together betweene Siuill and Cantillana At this meeting it was onely determined that the King should enter into Siuill and that the Maister should stay at Cantillana where they should agree vpon those things The King beeing receiued with great ioy into the city of Siuill whilest hee remaines there about the appeasing of those differences the Princesse Isabella his sister being continually sollicited by her Maister Pantâ—er Guttieres of Cardegna to harken to the marriage of Fernand Prince of Girona the heire of Arragon and to reiect that of Portugall and Duke Charles of France with the King of Englands brother who was an other sutor at the last she gaue her full consent therevnto wherefore the Archbishop of Toledo and the Admirall D. Frederike wholy addicted to the seruice of this Princesse and likewise to Prince Fernand King of Sicill thinking that this marriage was most conuenient and proffitable for the affaires of the Kingdome did consent and conclude therevpon causing the Bridegroome in a disguised habit to come into Castile whether hee was conducted by D. Pedro Manriques Earle of Treuigno Donna Isabella of Castilâ— marrieth Fernand of Arragon who afterwards was Duke of Nagera and others who brought him to Valiodolit Where beeing presented before the Princesse amongst others very few nor yet she her selfe did know him but her faithfull seruant Guttiere de Cardegna shewed her him saying in his Spanish tongue Esseâ—es This is he to whom the Princesse readily replied and Esse shall be thine armes for this cause the house and posterity of this Knight beareth yet to this day amidst there blazons and deuises an S S The royall aspect and graue countenance of Prince Fernand did soone certifie the Princesse that it was he therefore without any more delay the marriage was sollemnized and accomplished at Valiodolit the eighteenth of October 1469. in the house of Iohn de Biuero where at this day the Kings Chancery is kept King Henry not knowing thereof who would rather haue hindred it then otherwise for the small good which he wished to King Iohn of Arragon his father These newes were presently carried to the Maister of Saint Iames who wrote to the King that he should forthwith without delay come to Cantillana the which he did not knowing the cause why he was so hastily sent for there to his great griefe he vnderstood of his sisters marriage wherefore vpon the instant hee departed out of Andaluzia leauing those of Siuill some-what mooued vntill they knew the cause and taking the ready way to Trugillo hee was there staied by the refusall of Garcia de Sese captaine of the fort of that city who would not yeeld the same place vp vnto him the which hee ment to haue bestowed vpon the Earle of Playsance in recompence of the good seruice which hee had done vnto him This captaine had agreed with the townes-men who had foreseene the Kings intent to hold out and not to permit the same to bee alienated from the crowne and giuen to a priuate Lord. The King perceiuing that hee could not gratifie the Earle with Trugillo confirmed vnto him and left for Inheritance to him and his heires for euer the towne of Areualo which was pawn'd vnto him with title of Duke doing thereby manyfest wrong to the widow Queene Isabella vnto whom that towne did belong Being at Trugillo Gomes de Caceres Maister of Alcantara came vnto him and craued pardon for his offences the which hee freely obtained and besides that hee was confirmed in the gouernment of Badajos and Caceres which hee had vsurped during the reuolts and at his intreaty and of the Maister of Saint Iames hee gaue to his brother Guttiere de Caceres the city of Coria with the title of Earle To Alphonso Monroy who had beene faithfull vnto him and followed the warres at his owne charges hee gaue many great guifts so this King did good both to his friends and enemies At the same place of Trugillo hee receiued letters from the Princesse his sister by the which shee gaue him reason for her marriage with Prince Fernand and for her refusall of the others intreating him to beleeue that it was done for the good quiet and commodity of the Kingdome of Castile in time to come and to assure him both of her good will and her husbands who would for euer remaine his affectionate seruants without inclyning to any thing that should displease him beseeching him to consider with what hearty affection shee loued and honoured
for a very religious place beeing visited and indowed by diuerse deuout people Wherefore those of Ognate and Mondragon which are the neerest places to it seeing that great numbers of pilgrims came thither they beganne to make the waies plaine and to cut the rocke to make the passage thither more easie Vpon this beginning grounded vpon the simple credulity of a sort of rude people it came to passe that this Image beeing famous and greatly visited certaine of the religious of La Merced were greatly desirous to build a Couent there wherein one of them named Frier Peter of Ariaran did greatly imploy himselfe whose mother was so superstitious as shee dedicated her whole life to the seruice of this Couent but these fathers being kept there a certaine time as well by the almes of the good people of the country thereabouts as also by the bounty of the pilgrims in the end by reason of the extreame cold of the winter and barrennes of the place they grew weary and left it in whose roomes came certaine religious people of the third Order of Saint Francis or Tercerones as they call them who did enlarge the Couent begonne by the Friers of La Merced Friers tranformed to Iacobins who were by the Popes prouided of diuerse pardons and indulgencies for those which should visit it and doe them any good now in the reigne of the Catholike King and Queene Fernand and Isabella vpon the occasion of reforming the religions of Spaine these Friers Tercerons were admonished by this Obseruantines to turne to their rule which is say they the true rule of Saint Francis which they refused and being vrged therevnto by way of Iustice these father 's resolued to giue ouer their first religion and did put on the habit of the Iacobins or Friers Prechers of Saint Dominike then there arose an other strife betwixt the Friers of Saint Francis and the Dominicans about the possession of this Couent the Friers saying that it belonged vnto them and to none others seeing that the brethren of their Order had held it so long a time without contradiction of those of La Merced Therefore they beganne by ordinary and extraordinary meanes to contend about this possession and at the last fell to blowes but the Dominicans being vpheld by the Inhabitants of Ognate the friers withdrew themselues not attempting it any more by such meanes then they beganne their sute about it at Rome whether they sent for their soliciter a frier called Martin Gartbay who vsed such dilligence as the right was iudged to the brethren of his order and the Couent restored to the Obseruant friers So at the returne of friar Martin into Spaine who brought with him the execution of that sentence the Dominicans came forth and left the possession to their aduersaries who at this present doe enioy it and haue greatly augmented it with building and it is said that it is an harbour and retreat for many afflicted people specially of Marriners who come thither to pay their vowes to the great commodity of the friers these exercizes of religion are greatly vsed in Spain but in the yeere 1552. vpon the sixth of December the whole Cloister with the lodgings and other buildings were burnt downe to the ground by casualty but the fire touched not the Church which they account for a great miracle This yeere 1469. died Don Pedro Fernandes of Velasco Earle of Haro who was reputed to bee a Knight that led the most Christian life of any other of his time Religious deeds of Pedro Fernandes de Velasco Earle of Haro in testimony whereof the Spaniards write that hee did build the Monastery of Pomar where hee made three of his daughters Nunnes with an hospitall where twelue Gentlemen falne into pouerty should be honorably entertained and a Chappell for the buriall of him and his liuing afterward very retiredly in Medina de Pomar eschewing the daungers and troubles of this world these religious workes are practized in Spaine by the great Lords that are rich when they are become old and haue many children Now his sonne Don Pedro of Velasco oftentimes named in this History succeeded in the Earledome But returning to the History of King Henry who beeing come to Segobia the absence of the Maister of Saint Iames who was extreamely sicke of a quartan feuer did greatly trouble him for without him hee could doe nothing therefore it was thought fit that for their better conferring together the King should come to Madrid whether the Maister beeing very weake was brought the King and the whole Court going forth to meet him not without the wonder of diuerse which thought it a strange matter to see this Prince so much to abase himselfe to Iohn de Pacheco who notwithstanding that hee was sicke yet all matters passed thorough his hands and nothing was concluded on without him About the same time died Don Lewis de la Cerde who had held Escalona all the time of the troubles and appointed at his death that his people should yeeld it vp to the King the Maister of Saint Iames demaunded this place and obtained it and because the souldiars of the deceassed did say that they would not deliuer it to any other but to the King himselfe Contempt of Iustice in these daies in Castile hee came thether in person and receiued the towne and gaue it forthwith to the maister of Saint Iames so as all that which had beene taken from Aluar de Luna Maister of Saint Iames fell to this man In these daies the great Lords of Spaine grew so licentious as he which was strongest would right himselfe the King nor his lawes beeing in no sort feared nor reuerenced There was a quarrell betwixt the Earles of Benauent Quarrels betwixt the Earles of Benâ—uent and Lemos Lemos and the Vicont of Vaçan about the towne of Matilla possessed by the Earle of Lemos the Earle of Luna laboured to reconcile them and to bring them to talke togither but he of Benauent came thither so well accompanied as hee tooke the Vicount prisoner and sent him away to Benauent then he tooke the towne of Matilla by force and restored to Garcia of Toledo Bishop of Astorga certaine places which had beene vsurped vpon him The sort of Canales was likewise taken from the Archbishop of Toledo by a captaine called Peter Bermudes of the Kings party Canales taken from the Archbishop of Toledo who was nothing sorry therefore In Biscay and Guipuscoa the factions of Gamboinnes and Ognazines grew outragious the chiefe heads whereof were Peter Abendagno and Iohn Alphonso of Murica whereof followed so many murthers Factions in Biscay rapes and other cruell and wicked acts as the King at the request of them of the country sent D. Pedro of Velasco the new Earle of Haro thither with power and authority to finde out and punish the offenders and to reduce those two Prouinces into a quiet and peaceable Estate The Earle vpon due
of Medellin who till then had beene kept vnder the power of the Earle of Cifuentes shee sent her brother Don Francisco of Estuniga accompanied with those of the family of Chaues of Trugillo with a great company of souldiers to make reprisall of these Ladies for certaine prisoners Kinsfolks and friends of the Chaues who were kept by the Countesse of Medellin wherfore Don Francisco hauing ouertaken them at Guadalupa D. Alphonso Ponce who conducted them thought to get the franchise of the Monasterie of Guadalupa where hee was beseeged and the Ladies with those that conducted them and the Monkes of the same place did suffer many outrages notwithstanding that the King thought to remedy the matter by sending thither the Licenciate Don Henriques who could do no good in the end Don Francisco of Estuniga and his people hauing broken vp the gates of the Couent enforced Don Alphonso to yeeld himselfe and to deliuer the Ladies into his hands whom they ledde away with them Now the marriage beeing concluded betwixt Donna Ioane and the Duke of Guienne to the great discontent of diuers Spaniards the King and the Ambassadours went to Segobia Conclusion of the marriage betwixt Charls Duke of Guien and D. Ioane there to receiue Donna Ioane who was at Guadalajara and also to apply to themselues the pardons of the Iubile which the Pope graunted this yeare vnto such as would giue money for them to wit the richer sort foure royals of plate those of the meaner sort three and the meanest of all two the third part whereof was to bee applyed to the sea of Rome and chamber Apostolicke and the other two thirds towards the building of the Cloister of the great Church of the same cittie whereunto the King furnished aboundantly to that which was wanting and gaue vnto it certaine Coapes of cloath of gold The townes of the Infanâ—asgo giuen to the Marquis of Santillana Donna Ioane was in the keeping of the Marquis of Santillana who in recompence of his paynes and cost bestowed about her entertainment receiued in gift from the King the three townes of the Infantasgo namely Alcoçer Valdoliuas and Salmeron the which did belong to the Countesse of Saint Steephen wife to Don Diego Lopes de Pacheco Marquis of Villena but shee was recompenced foure fold for the King gaue her the towne of Requegna with the rights of the port thereof the Master of Saint Iames father to the Marquis beeing hee that did order and dispose of all matters after his owne pleasure and proâ—ite There arose about the same time a great tumult in Vailliodolit betwixt the old and new Christians the old beeing fauoured and vpheld by Iohn de Biuero a rich Cittizen of the same towne and very affectionate to the seruice of the Princes Don Fernand and Donna Izabella who vppon this occasion came from Duegnas where they remayned to Vailliodolit and were lodged in Iohn de Biuero's house the which did so stirre vp the mutinous people as they came running in armes to force that house the Princes were in danger to haue beene taken if the Bishop of Salamanca who was President of the Chancerie had not suddainly put them out of the towne and caused them to returne to Duegnas The King hauing notice of this tumult came to Vailliodolit confiscated Iohn de Biuero's house and gaue it to the Earle of Benauent with the Captaine-ship of the towne and hauing pacified the people he returned to Segobia where his chiefest and most pleasing aboad was the fortresse of the which place held for a certaine time by the Master of Saint Iames was a little while before yeelded vp vnto him where hee made Andrew de Cabrera Captaine Certaine dayes after the King remooued from Segobia and came to lye in the Monasterie of Paular in the valley of Loçoia bringing with him his wife Queene Ioane D. Ioane her daughter the French Ambassadours and others the Duke of Areualo and Valence the Master of Saint Iames the Earles of Benauent Miranda S. Martha the Arch-bishop of Seuile with many other Lords Knights and Prelates but the Lords of the house of Mendoza did chiefly accompany the Queene and her daughter namely the Marquis of Santillana the Bishop of Siguença the Earles of Tendilla and Crugna and Don Iohn Hurtado the which Lords and Ambassadours beeing by the Kings commandement assembled in an open field vpon the banke of the riuer which runneth thorough the same valley where from all parts of the Countrie great numbers of people of all sorts were gathered together The Licentiate Antonio Nugnes of Cité Rodrigo was commaunded by the king to reade a writing signed with his hand and sealed with his seale contayning in substance that whereas he in times past at the intreatie and request of the great Lords of his kingdome and for to pacifie the troubles and ciuil warres of the same had declared his sister Donna Izabella his heire and successor in the State and royall dignitie of Castile and procured the Lords Prelates and Communalties of the kingdome to sweare vnto her vppon condition that she should be obedient vnto him she notwithstanding reiecting all respect and duty due vnto him who was her king father and elder brother had married her selfe without his knowledge and against his expresse commandement to Don Fernand king of Sicill and Prince of Arragon in regard whereof hee did at that present manifest and declare her to be fallen from all the right which shee might pretend thereunto and did disinherit her disanulling all promises declarations and institutions made vnto her in that behalfe commanding all his subiects that from thence forward they should not acknowledge her for Princesse but obey with a follemne oath his daughter Donna Ioane there present This writing beeing read openly with a loud voice the Cardinall of Albi the French Ambassadour came to the Queene requesting her to affirme by oath whether Donna Ioane were truly the daughter of the king her husband or not whereunto she answered King Henry of Castile his false oath that vndoubtedly she was then he made the like request to the king namely whether he did stedfastly beleeue that Donna Ioane there present were his daughter the which he affirmed saying that he had alwaies reputed and accounted her for his owne naturall daughter euer since shee was borne then presently the Prelates Lords and others which were present at that act came and kissed the Infanta's hands and following the Kings commaundement The Lords of Mendoza refuse to kisse the hands of D. Ioane they tooke the oath of fidelity vnto her after the manner accustomed to the eldest sonnes of the kings of Castile all of them calling her Princesse and heire the Marquis of Santillana the Bishopp of Siguença and his other breethren excepted who excused themselues saying that they had alreadie at another time taken the same oth which was not now needfull to be reiterated After these things the Earle of Bologne hauing
exhibited the authoritie which hee had from the Duke of Guienne the Cardinall tooke Donna Ioane and the Earle by the hands and betrothed them with all the vsuall ceremonies and sollemnities and then the drummes and trumpets sounded and all sorts of signes of ioy and gladnesse were made by the assistants This done the Ambassadours returned to Segobia where by the way they were so beaten with a violent tempest of wind raine and hayle as they were in danger of their liues and diuers of their traine perished which was an euident token that the miseries of Spayne were not yet at an end From Segobia the King caused the Bishop of Siguença to accompany them to Burgos The Duke of Guienne his death breakes this marriage from whence they returned highly contented to France but the Duke of Guienne his death who liued in continuall discord with his brother king Lewis hindred the accomplishment of this marriage The Arch-bishop of Toledo was then at home in his house New troubles by the Arch-bishop of Toledos meanes contriuing of new trobles and held the party contrarie to the Master of S. Iames who did wholly possesse the King to the great indignation of the great Lords who vppon that occasion left the Court and retired themselues home to their houses the kingdome beeing opprest with miseries plagues famines murthers and falshood in all things especially in mony to the great hurt of the people who wanted the administration of iustice Basco de Contreras one of the Kings captaines had taken the fortresse of Perales from this Arch-bishop the which caused new troubles for the Arch-bishop beeing desirous to recouer it assembled forces and came and beseeged it the King on the other side sent him commandement to withdraw his souldiers threatning if he refused to fall vppon him and his and was already come to Madrid with troupes of horse and foote The Arch-bishop perceyuing himselfe inferiour in strength obeyed the Kings commandement and brought backe his people to Alcala The Princes Don Fernand and D. Izabella remayned at Duegas beeing counselled and fauoured in all things by the Arch-bishop of Toledo and his faithful companion Don Iohn of Arias Bishop of Segobia Proceedings against the Archb of Toledo by reason whereof the King complayned to the Pope by his Ambassadour resident at Rome of both these Prelates accusing them of committing many things to the preiudice and contempt of his royall Crowne The Pope vnderstanding so much sent to the Bishop of Segobia commanding him within the terme of ninety dayes to make his personall appearance at Rome And hee appoynted that the Lords of the Kings Councell should cause the Arch-bishop to be summoned and exhorted by foure Channons according to the forme of law to returne to the obedience due vnto the king which if he should refuse to do they should then thunder out his processe and send it to Rome that the Pope might see it to the end to proceede against him and chastise him as a rebellious Prelate The Popes Briefe beeing declared in the Chapter-house of Toledo there came to the Court at Madrid Fernand Peres of Ayala bastard-brother to Pero Lopes of Ayala who had beene Earle of Fuençalida Diego del Gadillo Marco Dias and Don Francisco of Palencia Prior of Arrochio Chanons of the same church who hauing shewed to the King how highly their Prelates disobedience did displease not onely them but the whole Chapter they offered themselues to performe whatsoeuer the Kings Councell should thinke fit to bee done for his seruice and for reducing the Arch-bishop to his duty to his royall Maiestie Now because the King and his trayne were at that time in the Diocesse of Toledo and fearing the Archbishops censures and interdictions they defended themselues with an appeale putting themselues vnder the protection of the Sea Apostolicke and then a Knight and a Doctor was sent to giue the Arch-bishop notice of the Briefe and to commaund him to returne to the Kings seruice and to abandon the Princes whom the King desired to chase out of the Realme The Arch-bishop excused himselfe and answered that heretofore by the Kings commaundement he had sworne to the Princesse Donna Izabella as to the eldest heire of the Crowne therefore he could not acknowledge any other but her and he besought the king to deale no farther in that businesse because such was his determinate will and purpose The King vnderstanding this answer commanded to proceed against the Arch-bishop with all rigour but the Master of Saint Iames who managed the affaires with more cunning was of a contrarie opinion he aduised the King to send the Licentiate Diego Henriques vnto him to offer him if he would adhere to the Kings partie and forsake the Princesse three thousand tennants and two forts for his two sons Troilo Carillo of Acugna and Lope Vasques of Acugna The Arch-bishop reiected these temptations and would by no meanes forsake the Princesse seruice This notwithstanding the Master caused all proceedings against her to cease and the foure Channons were sent backe to Toledo discontented enough three of them were taken by the way and brought to Torrejon de Velasco by Pero Arias of Auila who by the Arch-bishops commandement lay in ambush to surprise them Fernand Peres of Ayala onely saued himselfe in Canales The King beeing very much displeased herewith sent diuers horse-men to field who tooke diuers friends and seruants of the Arch-bishops and among others Don Diego of Gueuara a Channon of Toledo in exchange of whome the three Chanons were deliuered And so the matter passed on betwixt the King and the Arch-bishop for that time In the meane time the Master of Saint Iames intending his owne profite and beeing assured of his credit and power had taken the cittie of Alcaraz which imported him very much beeing neere to his Marquisat of Villena and was easily confirmed in the possession and reuenue of the same by the King Disorders in the gouernement of Castile which discontented diuers for by his example the Earle of Benauent seized vpon Villalua and deposing Pero Nugno from his office of Merin major of the cittie of Valliodolit he gaue it to his brother Don Pedro Pimentell It was then an ordinarie tricke in Spayn for those that were able to seize vpon any place to do it without caring for robberies murthers and other hainous crimes which they by such attempts affoorded matter and occasion too beeing assured that if they had any little fauour in Court to possesse their booties without controule It happened euen so to the Earle of Arcos Don Rodrigo Ponce of Leon who hauing taken during the furies of the League the cittie of Cales he obtayned the same in full proprietie with title of Marquis therof by the meanes and furtherance of the Master of Saint Iames his father-in-law If two Lords were at strife without any respect of the Royall Maiestie they would strike vp the drumme and raise forces to ruine one another
some others the fortunate Infant Pride hinders the Infant Don Henry from his preferment in Castil was very proud the which hee shewed in Castile before his time which did greatly hinder his aduancement in that Kingdome Hee with his mother Donna Beatrice Pimentell Aunt to the Earle of Benauent arriued at Requegna from whence afterward the King hauing furnished them with all things necessary for their calling and place which they held the Maister of Saint Iames caused them to come to the Castle of Garcy Nugnos sending two of his Gentlemen to accompany them thither During the time that this Don Henry remayned there sundry Lords and Knights came to visit him diuers of whome because they would bee reputed ciuill and curteous offered to kisse his hand thinking that hee would not haue suffered it but hee keeping a great grauity presented his hand freely vnto them but one amongst the rest taking him by the hand sayd to him in derision my Lord you haue a very faire hand and so without kissing it let goe his hold whereat D. Henry was much offended The Maister of Saint Iames remayned at that time in Madrill being discontented with an accident hapned at Segobia Hee had sundry times solicited the king to commit the Castle and gates of the citty to his keeping alleadging that in that place Queene Ioane and her daughter might lodge more safely then any where else and that he should by no meanes giue the charge thereof to Andrew de Cabrera because he was assured that Beatrice of Bouadilla his wife was drawne to the Princesse party and besides that he being a Cattelan was an affectionate seruant to Prince Fernand all which was very true The King yeelded to the Maisters request Enterprise of the Maister of Saint Iames against Andrew de Cabrera captaine of the castle of Segobia But Andrew de Cabrera refused to dispossesse himselfe of the castle whereat the Maister beeing highly offended practised his ruine and thought to effect it by this practise He casued Diego Tapia and certaine other Gentlemen to come into the city giuing them charge to stirre vp the people whom he knew to be desirous to fall vpon the new conuerted Christians and to spoile them of their goods as they of Cordoua and other places of Andaluzia had lately done and they appointed that during the tumult some band of souldiars should force the Kings house and take both him and Andrew de Cabrera his Steward to make him deliuer vp the castle Diego de Tapia needed not to vse much labour to stirre vp the people who were ouermuch addicted to mischiefe wherefore it was concluded that at the ringing of a larum bell in the Church of Saint Peter de los Picos they should assaile the city in fiue sundry places on a sunday after dinner namely in the quarter of Saint Olalla in that of Saint Colomba Saint Martin Saint Iohn and that of Saint Michael appointing a squadron to goe vp and downe and to discouer in euery place of the city But it was the will of God that this complot came to the knowledge of the Legat who lay then at Guadalajara who forth-with reuealed it to the King the King sent word thereof to Andrew de Cabrera captaine of the sort to the end he should stand vpon his gard preuent this danger in the city Cabrera hauing secretly armed many souldiars and all the Conuerts which were fit to beare arms did so preuent his enemies as he slew and defeated most of them and Diego Tapia was shot through the body with an arrow The Maister hauing failed in his enterprise The Maister of Saint Iames failes of his purpose and fearing least some euill might betide him departed the same night from Segobia and came to the Monastery of Parrall to goe from thence to Madrid the King tooke the paines to come and visit him in the Monastery and vsed all the entreaties that he could to bring him backe but the Maister said vnto him that he had no confidence in Andrew de Cabrera nor his wife and that hee would neuer set foote in Segobia vntill such time as hee were possest of the castle wherefore the King returned to Segobia to pacifie and appease the tumult It is most certaine that the enterprises of the Maister beeing preiudiciall to an other were very dangerous to himselfe for his sonne-in-law the Earle of Benauent still bearing in minde how hee had preuented him of the Maistership of Saint Iames did keepe armed men in his house who were appointed to haue slaine him in that tumult wherefore hee did wisely to goe to Madrid whether neuerthelesse all matters being appeased the King and the whole Court came and namely the Earle of Benauent and thither were also brought the Queene and D. Ioane her daughter At Madrid there arriued a messenger from the Pope who aduertized the King that D. Pero Gonçal de Mendoza D. Pero Gonsal de Mendosa Cardinal of Spaine Bishop of Siguença was created Cardinall of the title of holy Crosse the which did greatly please the King who commanded him to be called the Cardinall of Spaine the which title hee vsed during his life and receiued many honors of King Henry In these times beganne the Order of the Religious of Saint Francis of Paul who was a Calabrian borne at a place called Paul who was drawne into France by King Lewis the eleuenth and died at Tours his Order called the Minims of Saint Francis was approued by Pope Sixtus this yeere 1473. and afterwards at the request of King Francis the first An. 1473. Order of Saint Francis of Paul of Queene Claude his wife and of Donna Louise of Sauoy his mother the Author was canonized by Pope Leo the tenth in the yeere 1529. of this Religious Order there are many Monasteries in Spaine diuided into two Prouinces King Henry beeing desirous to consumate the marriage betwixt Donna Ioane and his cousin the Infant Don Henry tooke councell therevpon of the Bishop of Siguença chosen Cardinall and of others of his councell and caused the Infant with his mother to come to Xetafa betwixt which place and Madrid he did see them and would willingly haue brought them to Madrid but the Maister of Saint Iames who did not allow of this marriage delt in such sort as they came not thither afterward the king hauing sounded the maister concerning this match Mariage of D. Ioane supposed daughter of Henry of Arragon broken by the Maister of S. Iames. hee did openly diswade him from it saying that he ought not to marry his daughter to any other then to a King or a mighty Prince and that if he were determined to giue her to Don Henry it behooued him then to leuie men of warre and to appoint for their pay more then twenty millions of Marauedis the King who had treasures in the Castle of Segobia said that hee would not want money and therefore hee sent the Maister and the
new elected Cardinall to Segobia to take out of the Castle such summes as hee appointed but the Captaine Andrew de Cabrera delayed them many dayes saying that hee would cause the money to bee told out but yet they did it not for indeed hee was seruant to the Princes and wholy contrary to the Kings will as concerning Donna Ioanes marriage and besides that hee would haue nothing to doe with the Maister whom hee deadly hated fearing that all that hee went about tended to no other end but to dispossesse him of his Gouernment In the meane time the Earle of Benauent who was coosin Germaine to to Don Henry perceiuing that chiefly by the practises of the Maister the mariage was delayed and incensed with an old hatred against him about the Maistership of Saint Iames had bitter words with him telling him that hee should better haue considered of matters and not to haue procured the Infant Don Henry to haue come into Spaine in a manner to deride him and vnder colour of lyes to abuse the King the Realme and the great Lords with many other bitter words which the Maister endured with patience The death of Don Alphonso of Fonseca Archbishoppe of Siuill did promote Pero Goncales of Mendoça Bishop of Siguença to that dignity vnto whom almost at the same time that his Bulls were dispatcht from Rome was the Cardinals Hatte presented And the King beeing solicited to prouide for the troubles and miseries of his kingdome hee did the same yeare one thousand foure hundered seuenty and three call the Estates to Saint Mary de Nieua whether came the Deputies of the Communalties and citties of Castile and Regions annexed to the same There were sundry exactions abolished which had beene leuied vppon the poore people by the Kings officers Taxes leuied by vsurpation vpon the poore people abolished and by subalterne Lords following his example as paiments for the Portes bridges taxes watching and warding and other such like impositions leuied without any lawfull cause vpon wayfaring men passengers and the inhabitants of places There was also granted to the King a certaine Subsidie of money At this parlament the Infant Don Henry and his mother Donna Beatrice Pimentell were present And then the Maister of Saint Iames bethinking himselfe of another pollicy by meanes whereof hee might get the citty of Segobia into his hands hee counselled the King to remooue the assembly of the estates to Segobia where more commodiously the affaires of the kingdome might bee managed The Maister of S. Iames his couetousnesse cut short and Donna Ioanes marriage concluded vpon the which assembly should bee there in safety vnder the faith and safeguard of the Marquis of Santillana whom hee perswaded to demand for the same purpose the Keyes of the gates of Saint Iohn and Saint Martin of the same citty of Andrew de Cabrera but Cabrera perceiuing very well wherevnto it tended and beeing resolued couragiouslie to oppose himselfe against the Maister of Saint Iames found many probable excuses and delayed the matter till some other determination was taken wherein hee was supported and fauoured by the new Archbishop of Siuill and Cardinall of Spaine who had secretly vnited himselfe to the Princes and was wholy against Donna Ioane In this manner the Maister was disappointed of his purposes to his great greefe who in like manner sought to surprise the castle of Toledo and raised such a tumult there as the King was faine to goe thither in person to appease it Impunity the nurse of all disorders but hee caused no enquirie to bee made for the ringleaders to that mischiefe to punish them according to their deserts by reason wherof euery man almost committed what mischiefe hee pleased without any feare of the lawes Whilest the king remained at Toledo the Marquis of Villena sonne to the Maister of Saint Iames came to doe him reuerence whom hee receiued with extraordinary kindnesse the Maister beeing then at Pignafiell with his wife the Dutchesse of Escalona And when the King returned to Segobia the Marquis of Villena followed him but he lodged without the city at the Monastery of Parrall because of the quarrels betwixt his father and Andrew de Cabrera the King went often to heare masse at this Monastery and to visit the Marquis As these matters passed the Princesse D. Isabella hauing intelligence with the Inhabitants of Aranda de Duero tooke that place which belonged to the Queene whereat the King merueilously storming Andrew de Cabrera put him in minde of the great tirannies of the Maister of Saint Iames and of his insatiable couetousnesse in getting of townes and cities and how hee had continually without any respect hurried and tired his royall person as hee himselfe very well knew and therefore hee perswaded him to be pleased that the Princesse his sister might safely come to the castle of Segobia where they might see one an other and conferre together which could not choose but bee exceeding profitable for the Kingdome and for all good men The King who was tender hearted and easie to bee carried away was pleased therewith and after that hee had heard the opinion of the Cardinall of Spaine and of the Earle of Benauent hee was more desirous of it and Donna Beatrice of Bouadilla wife to Andrew of Cabrera disguised in the habit of a country-man and riding vpon an asse went her selfe to Aranda to cause the Princesse to come to the castle of Segobia who beeing accompanied with the Archbishop of Toledo Enterview of King Henry and the Princesse Isabella his sister and others came thither and entred the castle in a morning before day where she was courteously entertained Her comming was on the sodaine the King beeing absent at that time from Segobia hunting in the forrest of Balsain who was hastned by Cabrera who did greatly suspect the stay of the Marquis of Villena at the Monastery of Parrall fearing that hee remained there to make some practise vpon him Now as soone as the Marquis of Villena knew that the Princesse was come to the castle of Segobia he dislodged in all hast and neuer left galloping till he was arriued at Aillon fearing to be taken The Earle of Benauent and Cabrera rode forthwith to the forrest to giue the King notice that his sister was come who returned to Segobia and after that hee had dined he came to the castle to see the Princesse to whom he vsed all signes of loue and friendship and sitting downe one neere to an other they talked a long while togither and at last the King tooke his leaue of her with many curteous ceremonies seeming to bee highly pleased The Maister of Saint Iames hauing intelligence of all these matters thought to prouide for his owne safety whatsoeuer should happen and therefore hee went to Cuellar to talke with D. Bertrand de la Cueua Duke of Albuquerque whether at his intreaty came the new Constable Don Pedro de Velasco Earle of Haro his father in
of Algezire of Gibraltar Earles of Barcelona Lords of Biscay and Molina Dukes of Athens and of Neopatria Earles of Rossillon and of Cerdaigne Marquis of Oristagni and of Gocian After this manner were the titles of these Kingdomes and dominions ordered according to their ranke and dignity and in the shieldes of their armes and deuices it was appointed that the armes of Castile and Leon should bee first drawne and after them those of Arragon and Sicill The Court beeing come from Trugillo to Caceres Queene Izabell was greatly solicited by Donna Beâ—trice Duchesse of Viseo to come to Alcantara where shee promised to meet her and to conferre about the meanes of a peace betwixt Castile and Portugall the King and Queene departed the one from the other shee towards Alcantara which for the same purpose was committed to the keeping of Don Guttiere de Cardegna the great commander by Don Aluaro de Estuniga Duke of Playsance or Areualo Entervew of of Queene Isabell and the Dutchesse of visco sorto treat of peace who held it as lawfull administrator of Don Iohn de Estuniga his Sonne who pretended him-selfe Maister of that order and King Fernand went into Arragon to take possession of his new Kingdomes These Princesses beeing arriued at Alcantara were lodged in one house namely in the Castle where they spent thirty daies in conference and agreeing at the last vpon certaine Articles the Dutchesse beeing highly honored by the Queene Isabella of Castile and rewarded with many rich presents and Iewells returned into Portugall carrying Roderigo Maldonado one of Fernand the King of Castiles councell with her to communicate more at large with the King of Portugall concerning them In the meane space whilest these matters were conferred on the Treasurer of Alcantara surprized the fortresse of Montanches on the one side and those of the Countesse of Medellins part made sharpe warre in Extremadura on the other the which countrey besides the miseries which it endured by the warre Queene Izabella pursueth the Râ—bels in Extremadura it was oppressed with extreame famine so as euery one perswaded the Queene to go backe to Toledo but her haughtie courage would not suffer her to leaue such places where shee knew trouble and danger to bee beeing able by her wisedome speedily to redresse it Shee then gaue order to beseege diuers places at one time from whence the enemies made sundrie roades with incredible spoyles euen to the gates of Trugillo The Master of Saint Iames was sent against Merida Don Lewis Fernandes de Porto Carrero Lord of la Palma beseeged Medellin Rodrigo de Monroy d'Eleitosa and Don Lorenzo Suares of Figueroa opposed himselfe against those which molested the countrey of Badajos The Treasurer of Alcantara ranne vppe and downe and tooke booties now from one place then from another hauing his retreat at Piedra nueua Castro nueuo Majorga Azagala and other forts and not contented therewith hee went into Portugall animating King Alphonso not to giue ouer that warre but couragiously to poursue it with great hope and not bee carried away by the perswasions of the Dutchesse of Viseo and hee did chiefly vrge him to come with a mighty armie to raise the seege before Montanches that place beeing the strength and importance of the warre which D. Pero Fernandes de Velasco the Constable fearing fortified his campe with trenches and walles of stones so as he could not easily bee assayled on the sodaine Don Lewis Fernando Porto Carrero beseeging Medellin where the Countesse and the Bishop of Ebora remayned sustained infinite difficulties for besides the continuall sallies and skirmishes of the beseeged who were very strong his campe was troubled with a horrible number of Flies which constrained him to change his seat and to retire halfe a mile from thence At the end of the seege which lasted three moneths those of Deleitosa yeelded sauing their liues and goods and with-drew themselues to Montanches Great was the paine and toyle which the beseegers and beseeged of this place did indure with those likewise of Merida and Medellin where the Bishoppe of Ebora spared no care not diligence to recouer his honour and to couer the losses which he had sustayned at Albuhera and also at the battell of Toro Hunger sicknesse and other inconueniences were the chiefe enemies that either paâ—tie had to warre against although Queene Izabella to her power had prouided for the necessitie of her people who from time to time receiued letters from Maldonado her Ambassador in Portugall putting her out of hope of peace by reason of King Alphonso's obstinacie who could not bee brought to any reasonable conditions she therefore willed him to returne into Castile The Ambassadour beeing readie to depart came to take his leaue of King Alphonso who was at the same time accompanied with the Prince his sonne and the Lords of his Councell who did perswade him by diuers reasons and examples of things fallen out lately in Spayne to condiscend to a peace which perswasion of his beeing better taken and apprehended by the Prince and the other Lords then by the King himselfe were of such force as he was drawne by them to receiue the peace which the Dutchesse of Viseo had concluded at Alcantara Peace betwixt Portugall and Castile Whereuppon the Ambassadours departure was prolonged and the morrow after he assembled his Councel where the Articles were againe perused and considered of which the King allowed confirmed and swore to obserue after this manner First Articles that the King of Portugall should lay aside the title of King of Castile and Leon and should wipe out of his shield the armes and deuises of the sayd kingdomes Secondly that he should sweare not to marrie Donna Ioane his Neece who called her selfe Queene of Castile and Leon. Thirdly that shee beeing at that time eighteene yeares of age should choose one of these things within sixe moneths that is to say to forsake the Realme of Portugall without hauing ayde meanes or any assistance from king Don Alphonso or if shee would tarrie there still then to marrie with Prince Iohn of Castile who was newly borne when he should come to age or else to enter into one of the fiue Orders of Religion of Saint Clare in Portugal and if she would consent to marrie Prince Iohn shee should liue and remaine in the meane time in the company of Donna Beatrix Dutchesse of Viseo Fourthly that the Infanta Donna Izabella eldest daughter to the King and Queene of Castile should marrie the Infant Don Alphonso eldest sonne to Prince Iohn heire to the Kingdome the which Infant and Infanta should likewise be committed to the keeping of the Dutchesse of Viseo in the fort of Mora in Portugall Fiftly that the Kings of Castile should in no sort let or hinder the king of Portugalls nor the Prince his sonnes voyage into Guiney and that the States and people of Castile should bee bound to performe and maintaine that poynt inviolably Sixtly that
horse and as many chosen foote-men King Fernand promiseth the Moores liberty of their conscience Those of Alozagra yeelded vpon condition they might bee mayntayned in their consciences and religon the which the King graunted then they beseeged the towne of Caçaranouelle where the Moores made incredible resistance killing in diuers skirmishes greate numbers of Christians as namely Don Guttires de Sottomajor Earle of Benalcaçar a young Noble-man of foure and twenty yeares of age hardy and valiant who was shot throw the body with a poysoned arrow for whose death the king and the whole army were very sorry because these braueries of the Moores did make them become obstinate and encouraged others which would haue yeelded to make resistance The Army A couragious woman and constant in her enterprises with this losse without performing any other exploit then burning the country did returne backe to Antiqera where the King receaued letters from the Queene his wife which caused the whole army to blush for shame for shee let them vnderstand how that so goodly an army ought not to liue vnprofitably nor returne without doing some notable exployt wherefore being incourraged by a woman they retired againe into the enemies country and spoyled it euen to the mountaine called Sierra Neuada the King beeing lodged with a great body of an army within halfe a mile of the Citty of Granada to oppose him-selfe against the sallies which they of the towne might make vpon those that did forrage the Duke of medina and the Earle of Cabra being in an other place where as much as in them lay they spoyled the country and made it vnfit to beare frute the sooner therby to starue them The Queene had laden 5000. beasts of carriage with victualls which by the helpe of this army entred into Alhama where the King left Don Guttiere de Padilla gouernour who was nephew to Don Garcia Lopes de Padilla Maister of Calatraua in regard the Maister had promised to defend that place with the forces of his iurisdiction After-wards the army returned to Cordoua where the Queene being demaunded if shee were pleased with what they had donne shee answered that it was not fit they should spend the rest of the yeare in idlenesse where-vpon the King returned and marched against Septenil which for three daies space was batered and afterwards the Moores yeelded it vpon composition that they might depart with their liues goods and liberty the place was committed to the keeping of D. Francisco Henriques from thence the army went to ruine the country of Ronde and because winter did draw neere it did attempt nothing else and was brought backe to Siuill whether the Queene came The garrisons of Alhama Alora and Septenill were commanded by the King and Queene to aide King Mahomet the little with all their power against Muley Albohacen his father Portugal King Iohn a greâ—te iusticer namely against the nobillity with other of his qualities Wee will here for a while lay by the affaires of Castile and Arragon and speake of Portugall and of the raigne of Iohn the 2. who succeeded Alphonso 1481. beeing sixe and twenty yeares of age This Prince was a great Iusticer and it may be ouer rigorous in the execution thereof especially against the Nobilitie and great Lords of his kingdome whome he did punish and reclaymed from many oppressions which his father had tolerated this caused him to be hated and gaue cause vnto some who were very neere vnto him in bloud to practise against his life and state He was of a quicke and sharpe iudgement and of an excellent memorie he could discourse eloquently of all matters and would haue those that did talke with him to consider how and what to speake and he would ordinarily say that it was impossible but that Kings should be wise men because euery one that spake to them whether they were foolish or wise did striue to speake well and wisely He shewed great wisedome in all his actions not suffering himselfe to be carried away by Court-flatterers and if hee did fauour any one Mediocâ—itie is to be obserued in the aduancement of Princes seruants hee would aduance him but to a certaine meane and no further giuing authoritie to no man more than was needfull hee was a louer of good councell very true firme and constant in whatsoeuer he graunted or denyed liberall aswell to strangers as to his owne seruants he was religious according to those times and charitable towards the poore for whose ease and comfort hee builded the royall Hospitall of Lisborne in the honour of all Saints he shewed himselfe very obedient towards his father and had the good hap Discouery of Manicongo to haue the kingdome of Manicongo discouered in his raigne at which time with great care and diligence the nauigation for spices did beginne for which things hee was surnamed the Great When hee beganne to raigne hee was already father to the Infant Don Alphonso begotten on Queene Elenor daughter to Don Fernand Duke of Viseo his Vncle and to the Infanta Donna Beatrix shee who had procured the peace betwixt Spaine and Portugall Genealogie of Portugal the Infant was seauen yeares old when his father came to the Crowne who the yeare 1481. had a sonne by a Mistris of his called Donna Anne de Mendoza whose name was George Master of Saint Iames and Auis Duke of Coimbra Lord of Auero and Montemajor the old who was brought vp openly as the Kings sonne by his Aunt the Infanta Donna Ioane a Nunne in the Monasterie of Iesus d'Auero hee was father to Don Iohn Duke of Auero a worthie Prince in our age This King Iohn of whome wee speake was the first King of Portugall that entitled himselfe Lord of Guiney the nauigation into which countrey hee mayntained and continued and builded the Cittie and Castle of Saint George the fort of Tanger and others Hee called a Parlament in the Cittie of Ebora there to receiue the oath of fealtie and homage due to the Kings his progenitors at the same time it happened that Don Fernand Duke of Bragança beeing at his house of Villa-viciosa did search for certaine records and titles of lands with other letters of priuiledge to haue them renewed and confirmed by the new king his Secretarie whome hee employed in this businesse found certaine letters of intelligence and practise in a chest betwixt the Duke his master and the King and Queene of Castile contrarie to his allegeance to King Iohn Wherefore this Secretarie The Duke of Braganzaes practises discouered by his Secretarie whose name was Lope de Figueredo beeing mooued either with zeale towards his Prince or with hope of some good reward did embezil those writings and gaue them to the King who hauing copied them re-deliuered the originall to Figuereda who layd them among the rest of the papers which hee had found his Lord not perceyuing it the Duke neuerthelesse was still fauoured and welcommed by the
Iohn and very wel allied 2. D. Francisco de Toledo brother to the Earle of Orgas 3. D. Alonso de Luçon 4 D. Nicholas d' Isla or Patritio Anselmo the 5. and last D. Augustin Mexia who afterwards was Castellan of Antwerp there being 32. companies in euery regiment besides certaine Portugal and Italian bands D. Lewis Peres de Guzman Duke of Medina Sidonia Marquis of Saint Lucars and Knight of the Order of the Golden fleece was General of this great army Officers of the army as you haue heard D. Iohn Martines de Ricaldo was Admiral of the fleet and D. Francisco de Bouadilla Marshall There were of the Councel of war Diego Pimentel Flores de Baldes Pedro de Baldes Michel Oquendo Alonso de Lieua Diego Maldonado D. George Manriques with many others There were many Noblemen and about 120. gentlemen of note voluntaries that went to win honor amongst which were the Prince of Ascoly the Marquis of Pegnafiel the Marquis of Berlango with many others of great account The Duke of Parma during this preparation Preparation of the Duke of Parma to ioyne with the army had commandement from the King of Spaine to make ready ships and boats to land men and to haue his forces in a readinesse to ioyne with his army that came from Spaine who spent much time with great care and industry to prouide all things ready for such an enterprise He had 32. ships of warre within Dunkerke and an infinite number of boats for transportation hee lodged all his forces neere vnto the sea being about 30000. foot and nine hundred horse There came many Princes and Noblemen from forraine countries running to this imaginary conquest Out of Spaine the Duke of Pastrana Prince of Vuly sonne to Ruy Gomes de Sylua but hee was held to bee the Kings base sonne the Marquis of Bourgawe one of the Archduke Fernands sonnes Noblemen come into Flanders D. Vespasian Gonzaga of the house of Mantoua a great souldier D. Iohn de Medicis base sonne to the Duke of Florence D. Amadeus a bastard of Sauoy with many others The Queene of England hearing of all this preparation in Spaine and the Low countries omitted nothing that might serue for her iust defence Preparation in England Shee sent forth her best ships of warre with some Merchants to lie at Plymouth in the West parts there to attend the enemy commanded by the Lord Charles Howard high Admirall of England and now Earle of Nottingham beeing accompanied by the Lord Thomas Howard second sonne to the Duke of Norfolke and now Earle of Suffolke the Lord Sheffeld and many other Noblemen and gentlemen of quality And in the narrow seas betwixt Douer and Calis the Lord Henry Seymor sonne to the Duke of Somerset lay with forty or fifty saile of smaler ships The vnited Prouinces had prouided twenty small ships to keepe all the coast of Flanders where there be great flats and when as the Spanish fleet was ready to come they sent in the end Iustine Nassau their Admirall with fiue and thirty tall ships well appointed to ioyne with the Lord Henry Seymer which ships vnited should keepe the Duke of Parma from comming forth whereon their preseruation did depend But let vs returne to this great fleet of Spaine Spanish fleete disperst at sea which beganne to way anchor at Lisbone on the nine and twentith day of May this yeere 1588. and sailed to the Groine in Gallicia where they tooke in more men and some munition From thence they put to sea but they were disperst by a storme so as the Duke was forced to returne againe vnto the Groine with his fleet eight of his ships hauing spent their masts of the foure gallies one recouered that port the other three were driuen into Bayonne in France whereas all the slaues escaped The army being refreshed and the ships repaired the King did daily importune them to put to sea which they did on the twentith of Iuly sayling till they came to the entry of the English Channel from thence they sent to aduertise the Duke of Parma of their comming to the end hee might bee ready to ioyne with them The fleet was discouered by one captaine Fleming who aduertised the Lord Admirall of England when hee little expected them which made him with all possible speed to drawe his ships out of the hauen of Plymouth imbarking his men with great confusion and difficulty himselfe putting to sea that night but with sixe ships and the rest following as they could The two fleetes hauing discouered one an other on the thirtith day of Iuly the Spaniards leauing the English kept on their course towards Flanders according to the stricknesse of their Commission which was to ioyne with the Duke of Parma and then ioyntly to inuade England In this manner the Spanish fleet went on with a small saile close together fearing to loose some of their company for that the English had got the winde and bare vp within musket shot Passing on in this close manner the Gallion wherein Pedro de Baldes was brake her mast against an other ship so as it was not able to follow the fleete neither would they stay to helpe her but falling off from the rest it yeelded the next day to Sir Francis Drake besides D. Pedro there were diuers gentlemen and 450. men in her and as it was said some of the King of Spaines treasor at the same time Michel d' Oquendos the viceadmiralls ship was by casualty set on fire and burnt to the water of the which there were some saued On the second day of August there was a hot fight betwixt the two fleets right against Portland but the Spaniards left it and went on their intended course On the fourth day was the like before the Isle of Wight where the English Admirall accompanied by the Lord Thomas Howard in the Lyon the Lord Sheffeld in the Beare Sir Robert Southwell in the Elizabeth Ionas with some few others did charge the Spanish Admiral being in the midest of his best ships but in the end the Spaniards went away before the winde and on the sixth of August they came to anchor before Calis meaning there to attend the Duke of Parma whether the next day the English fleet came and anchored close by them who that night sending downe ships before the winde being full of wood poulder wild-fire and other combustible things and beginning to burne they made the Spaniards in that amazement cut their cables and to put confusedly to sea In this confusion the great Galleasse of D. Hugo de Moncado lost her helme and was driuen vpon Callis sands where D. Hugo was slaine and the Galleasse spoiled by the English and lost where there were three hundred slaues set at liberty The morning after their disorder the Spaniards had put themselues againe into battaile and the English charged them before Graueling but they desired to passe along with the winde and to stand
diuers accidents The first was the strange swelling and ouerflowing of the Riuer of Guadalquibir to the great spoile of the neighbour Countrie for passing ouer her bankes there were many persons drowned with much cattel and very many buildings ouerthrowne but the greatest losse was at Seuille in which port there lying many Ships of the Fleet they were staied long from making of their preparations And in the meane time whilest they proceeded slowly in this action according to the custome of that nation who persuade themselues to doe great matters with fame onely and repose the chiefe of their most important enterprises in tyring the enemie and consuming him at leysure the English armie appeared vpon their coast as you shall â—eare The charge of the English fleet and armie was giuen to the Lord Charles Howard high Admirall of England who at his returne from that seruice Armie of English for Spaine was by the Queenes Maiestie made Earle of Nottingham and to the Earle of Essex being ioyned together in Commission Being vpon their going from the coast of England they did publish in print in seuerall languages the true iust and vrgent reasons which had mooued her Maiestie to vndertake the sending forth of so great an Nauie with a full declaration of her Majesties pleasure and so they set saile from Plymouth vpon the third of Iune this yeare the whole English fleet consisting of some hundred ships of all sorts the which was diuided into foure squadrons of the which the Lord Admirall commaunded the first the Earle of Essex the second the Lord Thomas Howard now Earle of Suffolke the third and Sir Walter Rawleigh the fourth On the tenth of Iune this fleet got sight of Caliz or Cadiz in Andalusia but they kept not the order appointed for their comming in by reason of the mistaking of their masters and their falling in the night with the West sooner than they expected which made them stand vpon another boord and had somewhat disordered their fleet The Lord Admiral one of the Generals was with the greatest part of the fleet ahead to the Windward of the other Generall the Earle of Essex and his Squadron the wind being then at South Sir Walter Rawleigh was by reason of some chase in the night to Leeward and a sterne The Spaniards which were to the number of fiftie and seuen saile English fleet enters into Cadiz roade rod vnder the Towne of Caliz and the Gallies being seuenteene lay in the mouth of the Bay to couer the ships and to attend the landing of the English The Lord Admirall came to an anchor before the Southwest point of the Iland called Saint Sebastians the Earle of Essex seeing the Gallies rowe towards the landing place which hee had chosen bore with them vntill hee made them leaue their course and then looft vp and came with his squadron to an other anchor by the Lord Admiral which the rest of the fleet seeing came all vnto them only the Lord Thomas Howard in the Sea-honor anchored between them and the shoare The Generals called a Councell where it was ioyntly agreed vpon by them that their men should bee landed and the Town presently attempted on the West side which was next to the anchoring for which purpose the Earle of Essex Lord Generall Sir Francis Vere Lord Marshall and sir Coniers Clifford Sergeant Maior went to draw together as many souldiers and Gentlemen as their boats could wel carrie at once which being done and all their boates about the Lord Admirals ship sir Walter Rawleigh who was but then arriued in the Due Repulse came and protested against their landing holding the attempt to be dangerous and the performance as the wind blew and billowe went impossible for indeed it was growne to a storme whereupon it was resolued that the souldiers should bee returned to their ships and the Spanish fleet first assailed according to sir Walter Rawleighs aduice It was past noone before this later resolution was taken and more than two houres after before the Souldiers could bee carried backe vnto their Shippes some of their boates miscarrying before they could recouer their shippes which being done my Lord Thomas Howard weighed anchor first to giue the other ships scope to cast about then the rest of their principall ships as they could get leaue of the smaller Vessels which rodde close by them who also put themselues vnder saile but the winde was so strong and in such a place as most of their ships had beene driuen too farre to leeward if they had not come to anchour which the chiefe leaders perceiuing they came to a roade Besides the Sunne being not verie high they thought that the bringing in of so greaâ— a fleet towards night would so disorder them as the attempt should bee made to their great disaduantage So as the first day there was nothing executed by reason of these accidents Onely in the euening from the Bulwarke called Saint Philip from the Ships of warre which lay at Anchor and from the Gallies which did aduance a little towards them some few Canon shot were bestowed vpon the Due Repulse who answered them with the like especially against the Gallies when they approached to make them know the English could entertaine them if they came on That night the gallies coasting by the shore betwixt S. Mary Port Rotta came to obserue what order was kept by the rereward of the English fleet but they were soon turned backe On Munday earely in the morning there was a Councell held aboord the Lord Admirals Shippe where it was resolued to weigh anchor presently and to assaile the Spanish fleet the which was accordingly performed after this maner The Lord Thomas Howard and Sir Walter Rawleigh for so the Generall had appointed it bare right in the middest of the Chanell with the kings great ships which retyred before them scorning to bestowe a shot on the gallies which discharged their Canon as they passed by them The Lord Marshall being in the Raine-bow looft vp the Gallies which lay vp with their sternes close vnder the Towne and kept their prowes towards the Ships that should passe by them The Rainebow was a good while in fight before that any other ship came vnto her and was plyed with shot both from the gallies and from the Towne The Earle seeing her so ouer-matcht made haste vnto her and so making the enemie a fairer marke than the Rainebow which was a farre lesser ship eased her of many blowes Some other ships shot but farther off and to lesse purpose This incounter with the Gallies was a verie great aduantage vnto the enemy they hauing so many to so fewe for in effect these two ships aboue mentioned performed this whole seruice Besides there were two Bulwarkes of the Towne on their side all which notwithstanding the Gallies were forced to flie before them into the Baie two onely except which Sir Iohn Wingfield comming then vp in the Vangard did keep so in
as they durst not looke out During the fight with the Gallies the wind calmed and the English fleet went slowly ahead most of the Spanish ships neuer staied vntill they came to Portreal which is the furthest part of the Bay the ships mooued themselues with their broad sides towards the English that they might fight to their greater aduantage The English masters of ships were generally of opinion that they could not go neer without danger of running on ground the which did much crosse the forwardnesse of the chiefe Commanders of the sormost ships led by the Lord Thomas Howard and Sir Walter Rawleigh whose desire being to draw as neere the enemy as they might were notwithstanding inforced to come to anchour without the reach of Musket shot and to attend the floâ—d where they fought with perpetuall volleys of the Canon from sixe in the morning to eleuen of the clocke the ships that followed them neerest were commanded by Sir Francis Vere Lord Marshall Sir George Carew now Lord Carew Vice-admirall of Sir Walter Rawleighs Squadron and Generall of the artillerie by Sir Robert Dudley Viceadmirall of the Lord Admirals Squadron by Sir Robert Southwell Vice-admirall of the Lord Thomas Squadron by Sir Robert Crosse the Earle of Sussex being aboord him and by Sir George Gâ—fford The Earle of Essex and the Lord Admirall came vp an houre before the flood hauing beene all that morning soundly battered by the forts of Cadiz And for that the Arke drew too much water for the narrownesse of the Chanel where those ships did ride who also took vp the whole breadth of the riuer the Lord Admirall put himselfe into the Lord Thomas Howards ship When the flood beganne to swell Spanish ships runne aground at Cadiz the Lord Thomas and Sir Walter Rawleigh determined to lay the Armadoes aboord with the Queenes ships for the hulkes filled with Musketiers which were promised came not but as soone as Soto the Spanish Admirall perceiued that the said Leaders beganne to hoyse their top-sailes they presently cut their Cables by the halfe and draue a shoare sauing as many of themselues as they could carrie at once in their boates of the rest some were slaine in the furie and the rest taken to mercie The Admirall of the Spaniards called the Philip a goodlie and a powerfull ship tooke fire before she could be entred by an inch of a match fired and laied in the mouth of a barrell of powder in her gunner roome But the Lord Thomas Howard and sir Walter Rawlegh saued the Mathew and Andrew Viceadmirall and Rereadmirall of the Spanish fleet the other ships were set on fire by certain Negros who leapt into the riuer and saued themselues by swimming The IndiaÌ„ fleet of merchants being about 40 saile were gotten vp 4 English miles into the riuer for the redemption of which the K. officers in Cadiz offered the English 600 thousand pounds sterling The Earle of Essex was often prest to haue them first taken and then solde Spanish ships fired by themselues but hee beleeued that such as offered the composition had meant bonafide to pay the money from which hee could not bee dissuaded vntill he saw the ships all in a flame which the duke of Medina Sydonia commanded to bee done The number of the Spanish Fleet was fiftie seauen ships foureteene of the kings men of warre â—and three great Fly-boats which brought the Treasure from Portricco the rest were Merchants all faire ships full of good ordnance and richlyer laden than euer any Fleet was that went to the West Indies Here also I should remember that during the fight the gallies and Fort of Pontall plaied continually vpon the English ships The English hauing obtained this great victorie by Gods especiall fauor the earle resolued to follow it with all possible expedition and so immediately hee dispatcht the Sergeant Maior to get as many Gentlemen and old souldiers into boates English land at Cadiz as might well bee landed at once which being performed his Lordship and the Lord Marshall went to discouer the landing and finding it good he put betwixt two and three thousand men on land returning the boates to fetch my Lord Admirall with his seconds These being put in battell he commanded the Marshall to march directly with his regiment to the other side of the Iland which was halfe a mile from their landing his Lordship with the rest that were on shoare following him speedily Beeing come to the Southside the Earle diuided his troupes equally sending the one halfe with Sir Coniers Clifford sir Charles Blunt and sir Thomas Gerrard to breake downe a bridge called El Ponte del Suasso at a streit that keepes the passage from the maine marching himselfe with the other halfe towards the Towne the like directions hee gaue for the seconds to bee equally diuided and sent these two waies When hee came within halfe a mile of the Towne a cornet of horse with some shot made offer to skirmish but they were soone put to flight when they came within musket shot of the Towne there sallyed forth great troupes both horse and foot vnder fauor of their wals with their Cornets and Ensignes which the earle discouering from a little hill as they fell out of the towne hee gaue direction to the formost of the troups being some thirty pikes and as many shot to runne away as soone as the enemie offered to charge them the which they did giuing the enemy courage to come farther on than they first intended but the English charged them so fast as they had scarce time to recouer the Port and shut it The Horsemen which sallied out of the â—owne were called the Knights of shires they could not get into the Towne being so closely followed by the English foot whereupon they forsook their horses leapt ouer the wals at the west corner by which the English also entred The English in pursuing the Spaniards staied not vntill they came to the foot of their formost rampar and then the Earle diuided his troupes equally consisting of twelue hundred men keeping the one halfe with himselfe on the Southside of the Port and sending the Marshall with the rest to the Northside The Earle of Essex on this side with much â—doe found meanes for himselfe and some few others to get vp where he saw on the one side a Parapet of stone almost inaccessible for thâ—â— neither the bulwaâ—ke nor any part of the Courtine was finished There the English did first beate the enemie from the Parapet yet they lay open to another square bulwarke of stone which flanked them within a pikes length but they did so beset the bulwarke with shot as the enemie did them little harme Notwithstanding considering that they must quit the place for that their men lay vncouered the earle sought for an entrance which being found the leape downe being a pikes length Cadiz entred by the English hee commanded one Eâ—â—â—s which stood next him
the fift of Iulie the citie was burnt the Ladies Nunnes and other women and children being safely sent to Saint Marieport with their apparell and iewels euerie man being forbidden to search them vpon paine of death I haue thought good to annexe vnto the end of this relation for a remembrance to posteâ—â—tie the names of such as receiued the Order of Knighthood from the Generals as a testimonie of their well deseruing in this worthie action Sir Samuel â—â—gnol Sir Arthure â—â—uage The Earle of Sussex The Lord Burke Cont Lodowike Sir Williâ—â— Howard Sir George Deâ—ereux Sir Henrie Neuel Sir Edwin Rich. Sir Richard Leuen Sir Peter Egomort Sir Anthonie Ashley Sir Henrie Leonard Sir Richard Leuison Sir Horatia Vere Sir Arthâ—re 〈◊〉 Sir Miles Corâ—et Sir Edward Conway Sir Oliuer Lâ—mbert Sir Anthonie Cooke Sir Iohn Townsend Sir Christopher Heydon Names of such as were knighted at Cadiz Sir Francis Popham Sir Philip Woodâ—oâ—se Sir Alexander Clifford Sir Mâ—â—rice Barkley Sir Charles Blunt Sir George Gifford Sir Robert Crosse. Sir Iames Eseâ—damâ—â—e Sir 〈◊〉 Leigh Sir Iohn Leigh alias Lee. Sir Richard Weston Sir Richard Waiâ—man Sir Iames Wotton Sir Richard Ruddal Sir Robert Mansel Sir William Mouâ—son Sir Iohn 〈◊〉 Sir Edward Bowes Sir 〈◊〉 Druel Sir 〈◊〉 Preston Sir Robert Remington Sir Iohn Bâ—cke Sir Iohn Morgan Sir Iohn Aâ—ridge Sir Iohn 〈◊〉 Sir Mathew Browne Sir Iohn Acton Sir Thomas Gates Sir Giâ—â—â—e Mâ—rricke Sir Thomas Smith Sir William Pooley Sir Thomas Palmer Sir Iohn Stafford Sir Robert Louel Sir Iohn Gilbert Sir William Harâ—ey Sir Iohn Gray D. Christopher prince of Portugal Sir Iohn Vanderfoâ—â—d Admiral of the Hollanders Sir Robert Dudley 8 August Thus this triumphant English armie left Cadiz hauing receiued from the duke of Medina Sidonia nine and thirtie English prisoners which had beene slaues in the Spaniards hands Which done they past along the coast of Portugall they tooke spoyled and burnt Farol Farol burnt by the English they marcht into the countrey thereabouts after which exploit they shaped their course for England Hauing done this great affront to the king of Spaine they left him full of rage and desire of reuenge Fleet of Spaniards prepared against England whereupon presently after the retreat of the English he gaue commandement to the Adelantado of Castille to prepare a mightie fleet wherein he imployed great care and diligence so as it was readie the same yeare But this fleet had a farre different successe to that of England It consisted of fourescore ships which went out of Lisbone the eight of October 1596. They coasted along Gallicia to goe and joyne with the Generall of Biscaie where they had leuied some troupes of souldiers the Adelanâ—â—do comming to double cap S. Vincent in the night it seemes he mistooke his reckoning and â—ell short of the cap where they were taken with a cruell storme in the which fiue and fortie of their ships were cast away Spanish fleet cast away on Symon and Iâ—des day and the rest were so shaken with the storme as they had great difficultie to saue them so as their enterprise proued vaine that yeare This yere also they treated in Spaine of the canonizing of blessed S. Raymond Canonization of S. Râ—ymond desired by the Spaniards the which was afterwards effected at Rome They renewed their suit vnto the Pope which had bin made many yeares before to diuers of his predecessors After that instance had bin made vnto his Holinesse by the townes of the realme of Arragon who had sent Paul Costabile Generall of the preaching Friers of which Order S. Raymond had beene also Generall the Pope hauing pronounced thâ—t they should passe on to perfect this businesse the Archbishop of Taracona came to Barcellona with two bishops and the Proctor generall of S. Dominicke to reuiew Saint Raymonds â—odie the which was done with great ceremonie and authenticall writings sent to Rome to prosecute the rest About the same time Luca Calnacanti Chamberlaine to the Pope arriued being sent with two cardinals hats by him to Francis d' Auila Archdeacon of Toledo and to Ferdinand Nugnes de Gueuara President of the royall Councell who had beene newly created cardinals being exhorted by his Holinesse to passe with all speed to Rome as they did that Winter so as in the beginning of the next yeare they come into Italie hauing a good opportunitie to passe in those gallies which were come from Genoua whithâ—r the duke of Maqueda should also haue gone being appointed by the King to be Viceroy of Sicile but he was stayed many monethes by some sinister accidents And there arriued also Alphonso Gariglia who required a great aid of money for the prince of Transyluania to maintaine the warre against the Turke who found the king 〈◊〉 well 〈◊〉 not with standing that hee was inforced to maintaine warre in diuers places to his exceeding great toyle and charge Yet he satisfied that princes desire with abountifull hand and giue free libertie to the Popes Agents to buy a quantitie of come in his realmes to 〈◊〉 the state of the Church And then about the end of September the Indian fleet arriued safely at Seuille being verie rich the which did much comfort the Spaniards after the great losses they had sustained by the English armie 1597 There was nothing did more afflict the minds of the Spaniards Spaniards incensed against the English than their hatred and disdaine of the English being not able to endure not onely to be troubled in their traffique to the Indies and their rich fleets to be layâ—d for piercing euen into the heart of America but also to inuade the continent of Spaine with a royall armie and to land there by by force incountring spoyling and burning their ships euen in their ports Preparation in Spaine for a new armie Being therefore tormented with a desire of reuenge and grieued that the last yeares fleet being ruined by tempest could not effect what they had designed there was a new order giuen that many galleons should bee armed and new troupes of souldiers should bee leuied not onely in Spaine but also in Italie The king therefore touching matters of warre gaue an extraordinarie authoritie to the Cont Fuentes who was newly returned from the gouernement of Flanders They caused all ships of foreine countries to be stayed within their ports with an intent to make vse of them in this armie but the king falling verie sicke this preparation was somewhat stayed they being doubtfull of his life both in respect of his great age and the violence of his infirmitie And so the souldiers which were leuied for this seruice were sent to lodge some in Gallicia and some in Biscaie to bee fitly imbarked when time should serue The important cause concerning Marchants and Bankers Controuersie in Spaine touching the Bankers was now in question in Spaine they hauing for many yeares furnished the king with money for his warres in Flanders and other places
a businesse which troubled all the Bankes of Europe as one depends vpon another with their subalternall credits and interests Wherefore some princes were moued by an act of true bountie to helpe their subjects that were marchants least they should faile in their credit Besides the kings souldiers being by reason thereof in great want they fell to mutinies In this businesse therefore of so great importance and wherein the king pretended to bee defrauded in diuers manners of many hundred thousands of crownes this controuersie with the kings officers was long and tedious the marchants at the last beeing well content to come to any reasonable agreement the which at the length was made about the end of this yere And for that it had been discouered that Girolamo Lomellino had sent great summes of money into Fraunce the which had beene verie prejudiciall vnto Spaine and forbidden by reason of the ware which continued yet with France he was subject to arigorous punishment There fell out a great accident in the Venetian embassadours palace at Madrid whose name was Augustine Nani Quarels in the Venetian embassadors house a man of great judgement and of a generous spirit in maintaining the dignitie of that charge which hee held neere the king The Prouost Marshall of the citie would haue apprehended one who had retired into his palace flying from the Sergeant which followed him hoping hee should be safe there as in a place of franchise according to the vse of Courts the Prouost carrying himselfe too imperiously as such people are accustomed to doe a gentleman of the embassadours of the house of Badoero and his Secretarie comming at this noyse could not endure it so as from great words they fell to deeds and the Prouosts wand was broken the which they are accustomed to carrie as a marke of their authoritie with other accidents so as most of the embassadours familie came running at the noyse whereupon the kings officers complained But matters were afterwards tempered by the king with the equitie and respect which ought to bee had to the accident and person Yet the State of Venice being willing to take away all causes of distast that might grow made a speedie election of a new embassadour which was Francis Soranzo but hee past not into Spaine vntill the next yeare all shadowes of dislike being in the meane time vanished away taking all occasions to shew mutuall kindnesse betwixt them and the embassadour Naui who was extraordinarily fauoured by the king and prince and at his departure hee was made a knight and honoured with rich presents They were verie carefull this yeare in Spaine to preuent the English least they should haue some new opportunitie to annoy them as they had done at Cadiz which citie and castle they did fortifie better with all other places vpon the coast the earle of Fuentes lying continually towards the sea with great forces and hauing good garrisons in the coast townes hee sent his horsemen to runne along the coast that they might bee free from feare And for that the king of Spaine Mariage of the prince of Spain published by the continuall indisposition of his bodie the great trouble of his mind hauing such a world of weightie affaires could not hope for any long life he sought to prouide for the future gouernement of his subiects Wherefore he did publish the future mariage of his sonne D. Philip vnto the eldest daughter of Ferdinand Archduke of Austria whom some call Gregoria Massimiliana others Marie But whilest they made preparation for the solemnitie of this mariage and sent to the Pope for dispensations as well for this as for the future mariage betwixt the Archduke Albert and the Infanta D. Isabella they had newes that the sayd princesse was suddenly dead hauing left the greatnesse of this world to attaine vnto a better life in heauen The fortunat successe of the English the last yeare at Cadiz Preparation for the island voiage hauing affronted the king of Spaine at his owne doores gaue them courage to make new attempts this yeare and to send forth a goodlie fleet to sea vnder the commaund of the earle of Essex who was both Admirall at sea and Generall of the land forces This fleet consisted of an hundred and twentie saile whereof there were threescore men of warre the rest were victuallers and ships for transportation of souldiers and to attend the English fleet The Estates of the vnited Prouinces sent ten tall flie-boates vnder the commaund of Monsieur de Duniuord This fleet was victualled for three monethes with large allowance with a supplie of apparell for the mariners and souldiers It was diuided into three squadrons the Admirals squadron the Lord Thomas Howards squadron who was Vice-admirall and Sir Walter Rawleighs squadron being Rere-admirall The Netherland flie-boats were commaunded by their owne Admirall There were six thousand souldiers appointed for the land seruice with ten peeces of ordnance for the field and batterie with all necessarie prouisions And there were in this fleet about fiue hundred voluntaries of knights and gentlemen The chiefe Commaunders of these land forces were the Earle of Essex Generall the Lord Montioy his Lieutenant generall Sir Francis Vere Marshall of the field Sir George Carew Master of the ordnance Sir Ferdinando Gorge Sergeant Major of the armie Sir Christopher Blunt Colonell generall of the foot with all other officers necessarie in such an action In all this great fleet there were not aboue eighteene or twentie ships of her Majesties royall Nauie the names of which and of the Captaines that commaunded in them I leaue to a particular discourse written of this voyage by a worthie knight who was an eye witnesse and an actor in it the which I hope hee will suffer to come to the presse This goodlie armie being readie it seemed they had three seuerall designes to defeat the king of Spaines fleet Designes of the English fleet commaunded by D. Martin de Padiglia earle of S. Gadea and Adelantado Major of Castille if they met it at sea or to ruine it in the harbour of Farol if they found it there and to take all fleets of treasure or any East or West Indian fleets they should find at sea in the way to Spaine and lastly that they would take the island of the Terceres which they held to bee an action of great importance With this resolution they put to sea with this gallant fleet but neither of these enterprises succeeded for bending their course directly for Farol they were incountred with verie stormie weather and contrarie windes so as the whole fleet was scattered and many of the shippes in verie great daunger a great part of the fleet beeing forced to put backe againe into Plymouth The shippe wherein the Generall was had a verie daungerous leake and her mastes crackt in diuers places yet hee held it out as long as possibly hee could till in the end her vpper workes gaue way and her maine
Violant Queene of Castille D. Constance wife to D. Manuell D. Sancha D. Maria. Of D. Ferdinand 3. sonne to D. Iames of Maiorca and of Isabell heire of Morec issued D. Iames king of Maiorca D. Frederic And of his 2. wife of Cypres D. Ferdinand D. Iames sonne to D. Ferdinand had by Constance of Arragon Isabell Marquesse of Montferrat Iames heire of Maiorca King Iames had also by D. Theresa Gil de Bridaure whom hee had married secretly D. Pedro Lord of Ayerbes D. Iames Lord of Xerica D. Berenguela a concubine D. Pedro Fernandes Lord of Ixar Of the daughter of D. Sancho d' Antillaâ— a concubine D. Ferdinand Sanches IX D. PEDRO third of that name son to D. Iames 1 in the yere 1276 he raigned 9 yeres D. CONSTANCE daughter to Manfroy bastard to the Emperour Frederic 2 his wife mother to Children D. Alphonso King of Arragon D. Iames King of Sicile and then of Arragon D. Frederic King of Sicile D. Pedro. D. Isabel Queene of Portugall D. Constance or Violant queen of Naples D. Maria Nicolosa a concubine brought him D. Iames Perez D. Anne Zapate a concubine mother to D. Ferdinand By another concubine not named D. Sancho X. D. ALPHONSO third of that name sonne to D. Pedro in the yeare 1285 he raigned six yeares and died without children XI D. IAMES second of that name brother to D. Alphonso in the yeare 1291 he raigned 36 yeares BLANCHE daughter to Charles King of Naples called the Lame his wife mother to Children D. Iames who became a Monke D. Alphonso D. Pedro Earle of Ampurias D. Raymond Berenger Earle of Prages D. Iohn Archbishop of Toledo D. Constance wife to D. Iohn Manuel D. Maria wife to D. Pedro of Castille D. Blanche a Nunne D. Violant Princesse of Tarentum D. Isabel wife to the Emperour Frederic the third This King had first of all maried D. ISABEL daughter to D. Sancho King of Castille but the Pope dissolued this mariage D. MARIA of Cypres was his third wife D. ECLISENDE sister to Othon of Moncado his fourth wife By a concubine not named D. Iames of Arragon Earle of Luna XII D. ALPHONSO fourth sonne to D. Iames 2 in the yere 1328 and raigned 8 yeres D. THERESA ENTENZA Countesse heire of Vrgel his wife Children D. Pedro King D. Iames Earle of Vrgel D. Constance Queene of Majorca Some write hee had fiue other children which died D. LEONORA of Castille his second wife mother to D. Ferdinand Marquesse of Tortosa D. Iohn XIII D. PEDRO 4 of that name son to D. Alphonso 4 in the yere 1336 he raigned 51 yeres D. MARIA second daughter to Philip 3 King of Nauarre his wife Children D. Constance Queene of Sicile D. Ioane Countesse of Ampurias D. Maria. A sonne which dyed young D. LEONORA or ELVIRA of Portugall his second wife D. CONSTANCE or LEONORA of Sicile sister to King Lewis his 3 wife mother to Children D. Iohn King D. Alphonso D. Martin who was King D. Leonora Queene of Castille D. SIBILLE FORTIA widow to Artolde Fosses his 4 wife by whom he had D. Isabel Countesse of Vrgel XIIII D. IOHN 1 of that name son to D. Pedro 4 in the yere 1387 and raigned 8 yeares D. MATTHEA daughter to the Earle of Armaignac D. Iames who dyed D. Ioane wife to Mathew of Castelbon Earle of Foix. D. VIOLANT second wife to D. Iohn mother to Children D. Violant wife to Lewis of Anjou mother to Lewis Rene. Iohn Duke of Calabria Nicholas Marquesse of Pont. Marguerite Queene of England Violant Duchesse of Lorraine Charles Earle of Mayne One sonne who dyed young XV. D. MARTIN brother to D. Iohn deceased for want of heires male by him succeeded by election of the Estates and by will to the realme of Arragon to the prejudice of D. Ioane Countesse of Foix and against her matrimoniall conuentions and the promises made by her father and grandfather to Mathew of Castelbon her husband D. MARIA de Luna was his first wife before he came to the Crowne by whom he had D. Martin who was King of Sicile and dyed before his father without any children D. MARGVERITE de Prades his 2 wife by whom he left no issue XVI D. FERDINAND first of that name brother to Henrie 3 king of Castille hee obtained the realme of Arragon by election of the Estates all other pretendants being rejected in the yeare 1412 and raigned about foure yeares D. LEONORA d' Albuquerque a Princesse of the bloud of Castille his wife mother to Children D. Alphonso King of Arragon D. Iohn King of Nauarre and Arragon D. Henrie Master of S. Iames in Castille D. Sancho Master of Alcantara D. Pedro. D. Marie Queene of Castille D. Leonora Queene of Portugall XVII D. ALPHONSO 5 of that name sonne to D. Ferdinand in the yere 1416 he raigned 42 yeares D. MARIE of Castille his wife but without children By concubines not named he had D. Ferdinand king of Naples D. Maria Marquesse of Ferrara D. Leonora Princesse of Rossano XVIII D. IOHN second of that name brother to king Alphonso fift for want of lawfull heires succeeded to the Realme of Arragon in the yeare 1458 and raigned one and twentie yeares and sixe moneths D. BLANCHE of Nauarre his first wife in whose right he was king of Nauarre and had by her three children D. Charles who died before his father and had these base children D. Philip Master of Montesa D. Iohn Bishop of Huesca D. Anne duchesse of Medina Celi D. Blanche Queene of Castille D. Leonora Queene of Nauarre D. Ioane daughter to D. Frederic Henriques Admirall of Castille his second wife mother to D. Ferdinand king of Arragon Castille Nauarre c. D. Ioane Queene of Naples By concubines whose names are vnknowne Bastards D. Alphonso Earle of Vilhermosa D. Iohn Archbishop of Saragosse D. Leonora Countesse of Lerin D. Ferdinand D. Maria. XIX D. FERDINAND second of that name sonne to king Iohn in the yeare 1479 he raigned 37 yeares in Arragon D. ISABEL Queene of Castille his wife by whom the realmes of Arragon and Castille were vnited D. Ioane mother to the Emperour Charles the fift The other children of D. Ferdinand and D. Isabel are mentioned in the Line of Castille D. GERMAINE second wife to king Ferdinand D. Iohn who died an infant The Vicountesse of Eboli a concubine mother to D. Alfonso of Arragon Arch-bishop of Saragosse Of another concubine D. Ioane of Arragon wife to D. Bernardin de Velasco Constable Of D. Tota of Bilbao a concubine D. Marie of Arragon a Nun. By a Portugall of the family of Pereira D. Marie of Arragon a Nun. Line of Cattelogne BERNARD Earle Duke and Marques of Spaine vnder Charles the great confirmed by Lewis the gentle gouerned Cattelogne about the yere 795. D. GEOFFREY d' Arria Earle of Barcelona vnder the French in the yeere 839. D. ALMIRA his wife a French woman mother to D. Geoffrey the hairie D. SALOMON Earle of
true King Muley Boabdellin by this shamefull retreate lost his reputation amongst his own people Moores so as they beganne to detest him Muley Boabdellin reiected Mahomet the Little receiued by the Granadins and to incline to his aduersarie Mahomet the Little This Moorish armie did disperse it selfe into sundrie places and Muley with-drew himselfe to Alnumeçar and then to Almerie from whence he went to Guadix By this disgrace of his King Mahumet the Little found meanes to recouer the Alhambra and all the strong places of the Cittie where hee cut off the heads of foure Moorish knights of the noble family of Aben Carrax because they had opposed themselues against him at his returne from prison By this meanes he remayned King of Granado alone and making vse of the king of Castiles friendship hee obtained two truces for his vassals and sufferance to go and trafficke in their dominions and to buy all kind of merchandizes armor and victuals excepted and hee did not not onely obtaine it for those Moores which were now obedient vnto him but for all those that would submit themselues to his Crowne hereafter and besides that souldiers artillerie and all other prouision to poursue his Vncle and to annoy those places which were vnder his subiection publishing declaratorie letters of his loue and good will towards all such as within sixe moneths after would submit themselues to him and threatning grieuous punishment to the obstinate and rebelllous The Moores within Velez Malaga hauing seene the flight of their King Muley Boabdellin el Zagal were out of all hope to receiue any succour from him Castille and fearing that as soone as the artillerie was come they should be enforced to yeeld they compounded by the meanes of the Earle of Cifuentes and yeelded vp the place their liues and goods beeing saued their victuals and armor excepted and they had licence to depart into Affricke or else-where or if it pleased them they might remaine in Castile The towne of Bentomnix followed the example of Velez Malaga and the gouernement thereof was giuen to Pietro Nauarro who from a poore youth although a gentleman and from being a marriner as it is reported attained to the degree of a Captaine and afterward became one of the most famous men of his time as well in the warres of Spaine as Italy and was created Earle of Albeto The towne of Comares and diuers other Castles of the Countrey called as Alpuxares hearing of the Kings of Castiles good successe did at the first summons without any resistance submit themselues to their obedience paying the same tribute to them which they did vse to pay to the Moore kings and vppon other conditions which were imposed vppon them to the end to be the better assured of them till such time as they did become Mudejares whereby they might liue in their vain superstion The gouernement of Velez Malaga was giuen to the great Commaunder Don Guttiere de Cardegna Superintendent or high Treasurer to the Kings The neighbour Countries beeing thus cleansed of the enemies places of retreate Malaga beseaged the armie marched to the seege of Malaga a cittie as hath beene sayd exceeding strong and well prouided of men victuals and all other necessaries within the which a valiant Captaine called Hali Duax had the commaund of diuers valiant Moores as well of the Realme of Granado as of Affricane Gomeres but vnderneath a Generall or Alcayde major who was as Constable to the King el Zagal whose name was Amet-zeli who was then at Guadix from whence the King made warre vppon his Nephew and from thence at the earnest entreatie of his subiects hee intended to succour Malaga if neede were which the Kings of Castile sent to summon promising libertie to the Moores and assurance of their liues and goods but they answered that their king had placed them there not to giue the towne to the Kings of Castile but valiantly to defend it whereof they meant to shew sufficient proofes This answer beeing made they consulted whether it were best to batter it or else to beseege it a farre off cutting off their victuals and annoying them by the neighbour garisons vntill they were enforced to yeeld the king remained firme in his opinion which was to beseege it roundly neere hand notwithstanding that they prayed him to consider the great strength thereof as well by nature as by art for the cittie of Malago stands vpon a plaine on the sea side which beates vppon the walles wherewith it is well rounded and it was flanquered with strong towers according to those times hauing two Castles seated vppon a little hill one of which is called Alcaçaua and the other Gibralfar which is the highest of the two whereunto men go from the one to the other by a way about sixe foote broade betwixt two great walles wherewith it was couered and these two fortresses were likewise compassed with strong walls and high towers furnished with Artillerie engines of defence and great numbers of valiant souldiers who were all of them determined rather to dye then to yeeld Now for the more easie and commodious lodging of the armie it was needfull to winne a little hill seated a stones cast from the fort of Gibralfar betwixt the same and an high hill there the Moores made great resistance notwithstanding it was wonne and foureteene thousand footmen and fiue and twenty hundred horse were placed there vnder the commaund of the Marquis of Cales the next day after they disposed the quarters round about the towne the Marquis had the first with whome were Don Gattiere of Sottomajor Don Aluaro Baçan Fernand de Vega and the Pourveyor of Villafranca Don Pedro Vaca and Garcy Brauo Captaine of Atiença with other Captaines and Knights namely Charles Areillan Hernand Carillo Don Francisco of Bouadilla Don Diego Lopes d' Ayala George de Veteta Gouernour of Soria and Michel d' Abassa The next quarter belonged to Don Diego Fernand of Cordoua hauing charge of the forces of the Dukes of Albuquerque and of Medina Sidonia and so consequently euery man had his quarter disposed to him round about the cittie the Earle of Cifuentes Captaine of the men of Siuill Don Lorenzo Suares Figueroa Earle of Feria and Don Guttiere of Padilla Treasurer of Calatraua with the forces of Eccia those of the Earle of Benauent those of Pero Carillo of Albornos and of the Arch-bishop of Siuill then the companies of the Earle of Vregna those of Don Alphonso of Aguilar of the Duke of Nagera of Don Fredericke of Toledo of Iohn Aluares and of Alphonso Osorio Don Diego Hurtado of Mendoza followed after with the forces of the Cardinall his brother the Earle of Cabra the great Commaunder of Leon with the men of Cordoua those of Don Garcy Lopes of Padilla Master of Calatraua of Don Antonio of Fonseca of Antonio d' Aguilar of Don Alphonso of Cardegna Master of Saint Iames those of Don Lewis Fernand Porto Carrero
Lord of Palma and of Don Iohn of Estuniga Master of Alcantara Malaga beeing thus beseeged the Kings tent was knowne by the Moores who bestowed many cannon shot vpon it from the citie so as they were constrayned to remooue it behind a little hil The batterie planted to the most conuenient places was great and furious from the Marquis of Cales quarter against the Castle of Gibralfar the which in many places was pierced and ouerthrowne in many places and as soone repayred by the Moores The Marquis hauing taken away the towers which did offend him aduanced his lodging a stones cast nearer to the fort but hee was constrained to returne to his former quarter by the continuall sallies which the Moores made vpon him and his people fighting with such furie as they came to the poynyard and slue the Captaine of Atiença and Inigo Lopes of Medran Lord of Cauagnillas Gabriel of Soâ—tomajor and other valiant men besides diuers hurt in the number of whome was the Marquis who was shot into the arme with an arrow for the Moores fought from a place of great aduantage At this seege two great shippes of warre arriued on the coast of Malaga commaunded by Don Ladron de Gueuara sent from Flanders by Maximilian of Austria king of the Romaines husband to the heire of Bourgondie and father to Philip which was sonne-in-law to the Kings of Castile The Emperor Maximillian sends Artillery and powder from Flanders to the king of Castile who for the seruice of this warre did send these two vessels laden with diuers peeces of brasse Ordonance and baâ—rels of powder bels for the use of the Churches of the places newly conquered great store of mettall with workmen to worke it with other instruments and things necessarie for the warre beeing desirous for his part to partake in some sort the honour of this great conquest which his posteritie enioyeth at this day A tower of the cittie beeing wonne with great toyle and effusion of bloud was quickly recouered againe by the Moores who grew more obstinate in their defence by meanes of a false rumor raised by certaine cowards of the campe which desired to returne home againe who sayd that Queene Izabella did sollicite the King her husband to rayse his seege because the plague was within and about diuers places of the Cittie and in this hope the Barbarians did valiantly resist all assaults The King to let them vnderstand that his intent was otherwise sent for the Queene to come to the campe who was accompanied thither by great numbers of voluntarie Knights and then hee sent word to the beseeged that if they would yeeld he would vse them gently as hee had done others if not he gaue them to vnderstand that he would not depart thence till the cittie were taken and that then they should expect nothing but rigor to the which they made no answer but did streightly commaund that not any one amongst them should dare vpon paine of life to talke of any agreement or composition with the kings of Castile and they did indeed kill diuers vppon the same occasion being resolued to hold out till their last breath the which did greatly prolong the seege where powder beginning to fayle the gallies were sent to Valencia Barcelona yea into Sicill which brought thither great quantitie The King of Portugall beeing entreated to send some thither likewise did it willingly with great speed There was no part of the day almost which was free from skirmisnes where many men of either side dyed daily wherefore certaine Moores of the Cittie beeing displeased with the losse of their friends and fore-seeing the danger whereinto they were likely to fall yet not daring to speake of composition did secretly send a messenger to the campe to tell king Fernand that if he would promise to saue their liues and goods they would giue him entrance whereunto the king consented and as this Moore returned he was taken by certaine Gomeres of Affricke who assayled him with their swords in such sort as he returning hurt to the campe dyed there and so the treaty ended As the land skirmishes were continuall so were those at sea where the armie of Castile did hinder as much as in them lay any entrance of comming foorth of the cittie and to redresse the sallies by land there were by the diligence of Garcy Lazo de la Vega Iohn d' Estuniga and Diego of Tayde diuers forts made and great trenches drawne where diuers great Corps de gard were placed so as the Moores in that manner shutte in could not do so much hurt nor vexe the armie as before it had done the Moores beeing neuerthelesse constant in their resolution to hold out to the last man nothwithstanding that victuals did greatly decrease in the cittie for they were aduertised by diuers traitors of the campe of whatsoeuer was done there good or bad and oftentimes they told them that which was false in such sort as they were not discouraged but did beleeue that the king and Queene would shortly bee constrained to depart thence and there were some that left the cittie vnder color of yeelding themselues to the King and to become Christians who falsely reported that there was great and incredible aboundance of victuals and all other necessaries in the cittie to the end thereby to cause the Christians to leaue the seege the which report did put the King and his Councell into a studie whether they should cease the batteries and assaults and keepe the seege by sea with certaine gallies or else by land with certaine forts to starue them by little and little The Arabians liue with a little but weighing the nature of that nation who liue with so little meate as it is to be wondered at this counsell was reiected as vnfruitfull wherefore the batteries were renewed and to that end diuers artificiall engines were made of excellent inuention and mynes were wrought in diuers places which beeing discouered by the industrious and vigilant Moores were cause of the death of a great number of braue souldiers King Boabdellin el Zagal beeing daily sollicited to succour Malaga went foorth of Guadix with certaine troupes of horse and foote but beeing met and encountred by the army of his nephew Mahomet which came foorth of Granado for the same purpose hee was vanquished and put to flight whereof King Fernand had speedie intelligence to his great contentment Within the beseeged cittie were certaine Moores that were esteemed holy men who with mad and idle prattle went about to encourage the souldiers saying that the dead did greatly desire to rise againe for to helpe them to driue the Christians thence with other such like words which were of great force to animate that superstitious race There arriued at the campe fresh supplies of horse and foote from Arragon Valencia and Cattalognia which did much encourage the assaylants who had this aduantage not to want victuals The K. of Tremessen being aduertised by