by his Mother 249 Peribonius a professed Rogue Chief Priest of Cybele 53 Persicus 406 Petosiris 215 Phalaris the Tyrant 293. his brazen Bull ib. he tortures the Artist that made it to torment others ib. he himself is roasted alive in it 294 Pharos 194 Phericydes Tutor to Pythagoras 512 Phiale 373 Phidias the greatest Master for carving in Ivory 295. his stupendious Statue of Minerva 296. his Jupiter Olympius ib. his Venus ib. his Nemesis ib. Philip a Chirurgion 448 Philip King of Macedon 422. why called the royall Merchant ibid. Philters 217 Phoenicopterus 408 Pholus 422. how he treated Hercules ib. Phrygian Razor 62 Phrygian talk 62 Phryxus a Prince of Thebes 18 Picus King of Latium 299. Diviner by the flight of Birds ib. turned into a Magpie ibid. why that Fable was put upon him ibid. Pierian Girles the Nine Muses 120 Pirithous Prince of the Lapiths 18 Piso vid. C. Piso Calphurnius Pittacus one of the seaven Sages 50. kills the Tyrant Melancrus ib. chosen Generall for his Country ib. challenges and kills the Generall of the Enemy ib. this Duell the originall of the Retiarius and Secutor ib. he resignes his Principality ib. the time of his death ib. Plautius Lateranus 353. why and how put to death ibid. Plebeians 216 Plexippus 147 Pluto first Agesilaus 364. why called Lord of the infernall Region 365. why Pluto and Dis ib. he steals away Proserpine ibid. Pollinea a Wench 59 Pollio 406 Pollux vid. Castor Polycletus a Statuary 104 Polyphemus the Cyclop described 322. his love and jealousie 323. his meat man's flesh his one eye put out by Vlysses ib. his Fable interpreted ibid. Polyxena Daughter to K. Priam a great beauty 376. Achilles taken with her ibid. the match concluded ib. her Bridegroome slain 377. why she was murdered at his Tombe ib. her modesty in dying ibid. Pompeius Ruffus a Whisperer of Accusations 125 Pompey vid. Cneius Pompey Pontia 218. why she poysons her two Sons 219. her impudent confession ibid. she dyes like a Ranter ibid. Ponticus 287 Pontifex Maximus an Imperiall Title 121. the Colledge of Pontifices or Bishops id Pontine Fenns drained 105 Popa 421 Poppaea 211. invents Pomatum ib. washes with Asses milk ib. the manner of her death ibid. Port of Ostia 423. why called the Tyrrhene Pharos ibid. Porta Trigemina 290 Porticoes 117 Posides Spado 476.477 Praeneste a City built by the Grecians 103. the Praenestine Temple of Fortune ib. Praetexta a Gown worn by Noblemens Sons 28. originally it was the Priests habit ib. Praetextati the young Noblemen of Rome 28 Praetor Vrbanus the Lord Chief Justice of Rome 29. why called the grand horse-stealer 409 Praetors eighteen 29. at first the Consuls Deputies 441 Praetus Husband to Sthenoboeâ— 382 Priam taken prisoner when Troy was sackt by Hercules 374. carried into Greece ibid. ransomed ib. rebuilds the City of Troy ib. makes himself Lord of almost all Asia ib. marries Hecuba by whom he had seventeen Sons which made up the number of his male issue fifty for he had thirty three Sons by the by ib. slain at Jove's Altar ibid. Prochyta a little Island 90. why so called 91 Procue 221. her Fable ibid. Procula a Roman Courtezan 59 Proculeius an old Ladies Favourite 4 Proculeius a man of Honour 250 Proculus compelled by the Emperor to fight upon a Theater 405 Prometheus 126. his Fable ib. the mythologie of it 127 Proseuca the Jewes Place of Prayer 88 Protogenes 99 Provinces 119 Psecas 212 P. Aemilius Macedonicus puts on his triumphal Robe in the Senate-house 287 P. Crassus commands his Slave to kill him 361 P. Egnatius informes against his Pupill 49. condemned and executed ibid. Pygarg 408 Pygmeys in India 451. their healthfull Country ib. their height ib. the derivation of their name ibid. the intervalls of their Wives childing ib. they destroy the breed of Cranes ib. how they build ib. called Troglodytes by Aristotle ib. Pylades Son to Strophius Prince of the Phocians 15. his friendship to Orestes 16 Pyrrha Wife to Deucalion 28 Pyrrhus King of Epire 478. his parentage ib. his life 479.480 his Character ibid. Pythagoras 512. travells to Aegypt ib. to Babylon ib. his Scholars ib. his opinion of transmigration of souls ib. Ovid's Metamorphosis probably conceived to be a Pythagorean History ib. Pythag. avouches his own metamorphosis ib. 513. Lucian in his Satyr upon Pythag. gives true reason of that strange but well-meant imposture ib. he dyes at Metapontus where his house was made his Temple ib. why he called himself Philosopher 105. the rest of his opinions 14. his Treatices of a Common-wealth and a Kingdome ibid. Pythia 453 Sentences in P. Fol. 112. verse 85. Nothing so grosse but will belief incline When that Pow'rs prais'd equalls the pow'rs divine Fol. 278. ver 158. the plunder'd will find armes Fol. 337. ver 127. What o'rethrew Crassus conquer'd Pompey caught And bim that to his whips slav'd Romans brought Ev'n supreme Power Fol. 351. ver 431. If Prudence be There can be no Divinity in thee Fortune 't is we we to thy pow'r have giv'n The name of Goddesse and plac'd thee in Heaven Fol. 404. ver 256. Lesse frequent use gives Pleasures their esteem Fol. 427. verse 1. The crime committed presently torments The Author 't is the first of Punishments That no Offender can himself acquit Fol. 428. verse 12. Man's Pain should be no greater then his Wound Fol. 438. ver 225. Happy Philosophy that by degrees Kills vices first then souls from errour frees Fol. 466. ver 219. All th' evill all the wickedness we doe The forrein unknown Purple brings us to Fol. 137. ver 156. many words may not be spoke By a poor fellow in a tatter'd Cloak Fol. 159. verse 148. the Portion casts the Dart Her freedom's bought Fol. 231. verse 97. Poor man what to thee Is any glory if 't bare glory be Fol. 332. verse 5. What hast thou by thy happy'st Project gain'd But thou repent'st thy pains and wish obtain'd Fol. 166. ver 307. When Poverty left Rome no horrid sin But enter'd Fol. 333. verse 32. out of earthen pots no poison's drunk Fear that when thou rich Setine Wine dost hold Sparkling ' midst Diamonds in a Boll of Gold Q. QVinquatrua 365 Quintilian vid. M. Fabius Quintilian Q. Luctatius Catulus puts an end to the first Punick warre 67. his articles of peace with the Carthaginians ibid. Q. Metellus Macedonicus 375. the noble bearers of his Corps ibid. Quirinus Mars 64. why so called ibid. R. REgisters of births and burialls how ancient 323 Religion from whence derived as to the word 505. why severall Religions were invented in Aegypt ibid. Remmius Palaemon 210. Tutor to Quintilian ib. how he called Varro ib. his brag ib. his poverty and the cause of it 211 Retiarius the Net-bearer a Gladiator 66. his manner of fight ib. Rhadamanthus a Judge of Souls 17. his commission ibid. Rhea Sylvia forced to be a Vestall Virgin 248. got with child ib. buried
this for which I left so man'y a time My Wife the cold Mount Esquiline to climb When Winter-JOVE pour'd down his cruel rain And my fur'd Coat did rain it o're again See how thy Lord 's long Squill bears down the dish Garnish'd with sparagus and how the fish With his proud tail the Table seems to scorn When in the hands of the tall Servant born Thy Crab with half an egge about it shred Comes in a Plate a Supper for the dead Upon his Fish Venafrian oyle he poures Lamp-oyle dawbs over thy pale Coliflowers For stuff brought in MICIPSA'S picked cane Thy Sawcer fills for which all Rome refrain The Bath stunk up by BOCHAR to come nigh From which the very Lybian Serpents flie Thy Patron 's Mullet CORSICA sends in Or Tauromenian Rocks when our's begin To fail when we our luxury to please Have for the Shambles robb'd the neighb'ring Seas Plunder'd the Tyrrhene Fishes spoild our fry The Provinces our riot must supply Thence LENAS sends AURELIA Donatives Wherewith she serves the Market but he gives To VIRRO a huge Lamprey from the Straits Of Sicily for when the South-winde waits For 's Goal-delivery and his moist wings dries Carybdis our bold Fisher-men despise Thy Eel is Cosin to the slender Snake Which th' Ice of Tiber did so spotted make That fed with mud and in the Kennel kept Through the Suburra's Common-shoar oft crept I 'd speak a word in VIRRO'S eare none crave What SENECA brave PISO COTTA gave To their poor friends for great as Fasces then Or Titles bounty shin'd in Noble-men Only a civill usage we intreat Let 's eat at the same Table the same meat Do this and be what most to be contend Rich to thy self poor only to thy friend To VIRRO a great Goose's liver 's set Girt with cramm'd Fowle or rarities as great A wilde Boar foaming lies upon his board Worthy the fair-hair'd Meleager's sword Then if 't be Spring time the par'd Mushrom's drest If wish'd-for thunder make a greater feast ALLEDIUS cries your Corn you Lybians spend Unyoak your Oxen so you Mushroms send Mean time lest any thing omitted be To put thee out of patience thou shalt see The Carver flourishing his knife begin As if he were to dance a Matakin Nor ends till all his Masters tricks are done Till over all the dishes he hath run And shew'd you what the diff'rent postures are Of cutting up a Pullet and a Hare But thou as HERCULES dragg'd CACUS must Drawn by the heels out of the dores be thrust Souldst thou as if thou hadst three names repine To thee when offers VIRRO his own wine Or pledges in thy dregs which of you are So rash so lost that to your Monarch dare Say drink Sir many words may not be spoke By a poor Fellow in a tatter'd Cloak But should some God or God-like man then fate More kind give thee a Gentleman's estate Poor Rogue how high from nothing would'st thou rise How gracious would'st thou be in VIRRO'S eyes Give TREBIUS this set TREBIUS that meat Wilt please you Brother of these entrails eat Oh money he this honour does to thee 'T is VIRRO and thy self that Brothers be But would'st thou be one of the better sort A Lord and thy Lord's Prince about thy Court There must no young AENEAS playing run Nor daughter more a darling then a son A barren wife makes a friend sweet and dear Yet if thy MYGALE should children bear Now thou art rich set on thy knee three boyes Ev'n in thy pretty Parrat-Babes he joyes For the green Stomacher his Servant goes The small nuts and the penny he bestowes That 's ask'd him when this Begger of small sums This little Parasite to his table comes To poor friends poys'nous Toad-stools they afford The Mushrooms are serv'd only to the Lord Pure Fungo's such as CLAUDIUS eat before His wife 's came after which he ne're eat more VIRRO and all the VIRRO'S apples taste Whose smell alone to feed upon thou hast You 'd think perpetuall Autumn sent-in these From the robb'd Orchard of th' Hesperides Thou eat'st Crabs such as he gnaws in the Works That under 's shield and in his helmet lurks And fears the whip still when he learns the art Out of the hairy Kid to cast his dart That VIRRO spares his purse thou maist believe But he does this only to make thee grieve What Comedy what Mimick can excite More laughter then the coz'ned appetite Know 't is his aim in tears to see thee wash Thy rage to hear thy longing grinders gnash Your Lord's Guests Freemen you your selves doe think He thinks you Slaves took with his Kitchin 's stink And he thinks right for what poor man that had Hetrurian golden bubbles when a Lad Or wore their figure with a poor devise In Leather made that can endure it twice Oh but a hopefull supper fails us now You 'll see another time he will allow Some part of the reversions of a Hare We shall a Chick or the Boar's haunches share This makes you watch his eye with untouch'd bread Hee 's wise that lets thee be no better fed For if thou canst with all these scornes sit down In time thou 'lt let him shave and crack thy Crown And take a good sound whipping in the end Worthy of such a Feast and such a Friend The Comment UPON THE FIFTH SATYR VErse 5. Galba Apicius Galba an excellent Droll in Tiberius Caesar's time Martial in his Epigrams names him very often Sarmentus was such another piece of impudence in the reign of Augustus Caesar and often came to his Table where he being a Roman Knight to the dishonour of his quality endured all manner of affronts and scorns yet at length by good drolling insinuated himself into the Emperor's favour The Scuffle between Sarmentus and Messius Cicerra is described by Horace in his Journall lib. 1. Sat. 5. Verse 7. The belly 's cheaply fed A little contents nature Senec. in his Epistles Nature requires bread and water no man as to these is poor Wherein a man can limit his desires he may boast himself to be as happy as Jove Again he saith Nature appoints but a little and is contented with it the belly hears no Precepts it asks and calls but is no troublesome Creditor if you pay what you owe not what it covets Again it is a high pleasure if you can be content with such food as you can never be deprived of by the iniquity of Fortune Verse 19. On 's third Bed In the Triclinium or Roman Dining-room was a Table in fashion of a half-Moon or Hemicycle against the round part whereof they set three Beds every one containing three persons when they had their full number the Hemicycle being left for the Waiters Verse 22. Saluting Rivals His fellow Clients that put on their cursory Gowns to bid good morrow sometimes by break of day to their Patrons or Patronesses I mean rich Ladies that were Childless such as
that befits the poor Yet Man sometimes weighs profit looks before Provides for cold and hunger fears to want Taught by th' example of the frugall Ant Vain Woman sees not how the Stock consumes That Gold will grow in empty bags presumes And still to take from full heaps never measures At what excessive rates she buys her pleasures Some our soft Evnuch's still smooth kisses love And meer despair of beard no fear to prove A need abortion yet the pleasure 's great Because the Surgeon in ripe youth and heat Their dowcets cuts the black Down newly grown These when they come to weigh a pound a stone He takes off leaves the remnant at full size And only the poor Barber damnifies Into the Bath this goodly Evnuch goes And there no doubt so huge a bawble shows As may with BACCHUS or PRIAPUS vie His Lady's Evnuch with her let him lie But POSTHUMUS I would not wish you trust Your Minion BROMIUS to this Evnuch's lust If she love Musick let no voice that 's sold To Praetors hope to make his button hold Her hands are still on th' Organs her Lute stuck With gems the strings with a rich quill are struck The young HYDEMELE'S Lute takes her this She hugs and gives the lov'd wood man'y a kiss One of the Lamian house and Appian name With Cakes and Wine to VESTA ' and JANUS came To know if POLLIO'S Lyre would musick breath To win him the Capitoline oaken Wreath Should her Lord sicken what could she doe more Or had the Doctors her young Son giv'n ore She stood at th' Altar as the manner is And spake the prompted words of sacrifice Nor for a Fidler sham'd her face to veil And when the Lamb was open'd she turn'd pale Thou old God Father JANUS can Heav'n hear These pray'rs I see y' have little business there She must for Buskins she for Socks procure Thy aid th' Aruspex will grow crooked sure But let her sing e're ramble to invite The Wits and parley in her Husbands sight With men of paludated Gen'rals face to beard And naked breasted this is she that heard All news knows what 's in Thrace and Scythia done The secret of the Step-mother and Son Can tell who loves what Wencher was beguil'd And who 't was got the Dowager with child What day o th' Month knows ev'ry Ladies phrase She sports in and how many sev'ral wayes She first the Comet saw th' Armenian State And Parthian threatning at the City-gate She way-layes fame NIPHATES she gives out Hath drown'd the Men and Countries round about That th' Earth shakes Cities nod in all our streets She prattles this to every one she meets Yet this is by a baser vice out-stript Poor Neighbours must intreat they may be whipt For if a barking Dog disturb her sleep She calls out to the Varlets she doth keep Take your battoons along without demur Brain the Dogs Master first and then the Cur. She frowning goes into her Bath by night Pots Pans the Camp 's remov'd by candle-light She loves to sweat in Crowds till each arme falls Tir'd with the weight of her two leaden balls Then her Bath-keeper a Knaves trick hath found To make his Lady 's nointed thigh resound Mean time her Clients sterv'd and hungry droop At length she comes red-cheekt and longs to swoop A Rundlet off lay'd at her feet and pour'd From a full Ewre whence th' other Pint devour'd To force an appetite she in her way To supper does o th' ground her stomach lay The Marble floor swift Rivers interline Or her broad Bason smells of Falerne wine Like a long Snake into a Wine-fat cast She sucks it in and spues it out as fast A sight that makes her Husband's stomach rise Who to avoid the object shuts his eyes She 's worse that VIRGIL at her board commends And DIDO'S killing of her self defends And then compares the Poets VIRGIL layes In one scale in the other HOMER weighs Gramarians Rhetoricians the whole crowd She drowns Lawyer nor Cryer speaks so lowd Nor other Woman words burst from her tongue Youl 'd swear so many Bells and Basons rung Let none sound Trumpets or brasse Kettles grieve She can alone the lab'ring Moon relieve Her wisedome th' End to honest acts sets down If she 'll shew learned let her girt her gown Above her knee to God SILVANUS slay A hog and for her bath a farthing pay Let not thy wife to speak high things affect Nor nimbly the short Enthymem project Nor know all Histories she may have got A little so she understand it not I hate her that PALAEMON'S art revives That to discourse by rule or method strives That as an Antiquary Verses quotes Unknown to me and in her Gossip notes A fault in Grammar which Men scarce regard Pray let her Husband's solaesism be spar'd A woman thinks all 's lawfull when she wears Those mighty Pear-pearls that weigh-down her ears And th' Emerald Neck-lace nothing makes man's life Unhappier then a fortune with a wife Boil'd flowre like mortar's in her wrinkles laid Or that Pomatum which POPPAEA made Her poor fool's lips she bird-limes but comes in To her Adult'rer with a clean-washt skin When goes she neat at home she meets her friend In all perfumes that meager Indians send At last she 's seen undaw'bd then first she 's known And nurst with Asses milk whose breed's her own And still took with her lest she be sent forth An Exile like POPPAEA to the North. But what 's thus poultic'd and thus plaster'd o're Is it a face or may 't be call'd a sore 'T is worth your knowledge what they doe by day If in the night her Husband turn'd away Her chief Maid's dead her Dresser ready stript Too late comes her Chair-bearer and is whipt Because another fell asleep his head Breaks her tough cane him rods him cords dye red There are that pay the Beadles by the year She beats then paints then does her Gossips hear Or her fair gold-embroider'd Garment views Beats on and does the dayes accounts peruse Which took and beating till the Beadles groan Be gone she thunders in a horrid tone In the Sicilian Court a milder doom Offenders had then in her House at Rome For if some neater dress she meditates Or hastes to the Religious Bawd that waits In ISIS Fane or some i th' walks expect Poor PSECAS still bare-breasted naked-neckt Her hair torn combs her Lady's Why 's this lock So high straight her Bull-pizle gives a knock What hath your Woman done deserves these blows Is 't her fault Madam you dislike your nose Another o th' left hand unties the strings Opens her hair and curles it into Rings The Matron of the Wheel in Councel sits Whose needle now her Lady manumits She gives her vote i th' first place as most sage Then her inferiours in art and age As if that fame and life were both at stake So great a care they of their beauty take Her hair
C. and Tib. Gracchus heads of the Levelling Party but his highest honour the title of Pater Patriae Father of his Country was given him for delivering Rome from the fire and sword of Catiline and his fellow Conspirators In his old age he was proscribed and slain by the tyranny of C. Octavius Caesar and Marc. Antony because he too much favoured a Common-wealth Verse 259. Slaves Such as Servius Tullius and Ventidius the Sons of Bond-women but raised by fortune the first to wear a Crown and the other victorious Laurel Verse 263. Thrasimachus A Carthaginian Scholar to Plato and Isocrates publick professor of Rhetorick but his gettings so inconsiderable that he left teaching Schoole and some say hanged himself Verse 264. Secundus Charinus A Rhetorick-Reader in Athens learned in Arts not good Tacit. Constrained by want he came and set up School at Rome where he made an Oration against Tyrants for which he was banished by Caligula some say that he poysoned him Verse 266. Hemlock The cruel bounty by ingratefull Athens bestowed upon the great Philosopher Socrates See the Comment upon the second Satyr Verse 273. Centaur Chiron the Centaur Tutor to Aesculapius Hercules and Achilles The Centaurs as their enemies the Lapiths described them were only men to the girdle beneath it horses In what awe this old Centaur had his young Scholar Achilles is described by Ovid lib. 1. de Art Qui toties socios toties perterruit hostes Dicitur annosum pertinuiisse senem Quas Hector sensurus erat poscente magistro Verberibus jussas praebuit ille manus He that so oft scar'd friends and foes is said To have been of a poor old man afraid The hands which Hector was to feel he did Hold to be struck when 's angry Master bid Verse 275. Mountain Pelion a Mountain in Thessaly hanging over the Pelasgick Bay crowned with Pine-trees and downward to the foot covered with Oakes There Pelius lived that was Father to Achilles Verse 278. Ruffus Satrius Ruffus That looking upon the Rhetorick of Tully with contempt and as if that great Orator had not writ Latin but French used to call him Allobrogian Savoyen or Dauphinois Verse 279. Enceladus A Grammar-Master so was Palaemon Vid. the comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 296. Tribune That upon the humble Petition of a School-master would force Parents to pay his Salary for teaching of their Children Verse 303. Nurse She that nursed Anchises Father to Aeneas is named by no Author The Stepmother to Archemolus was called Casperia what Country-woman she was no body knows nor no body cares but she loved Archemolus so much that she let him make a Cuckold of her Husband that had made her Queen of the Marrubians in Italy Virg. Aeneid lib. 10. That Acestes the Trojan furnished Aeneas and his Mates with wine we know for which Virgil calls that King of Sicily the good Acestes but how many pots of wine were drunk off by his Country-men I believe would puzzle all the Grammarian Criticks that take great pains in studies which are neither pleasing nor profitable Senec. The eighth Designe NObility is Merit Tell not me Of this great Office or that Pedegree Is 1 Marius noble for his Birth or Sway In his Proconsulship of Africa Which ev'n in peace he plunder'd I prefer Before Him Marius the 2 Carpenter That from vast-body'd Cimbrians Rome releast And made his Country's 3 Vultures a huge feast With young Lord 4 Damasippus drinks th' old Knave Cybel's 5 Chief-priest a 6 Pirate 7 Murd'rer 8 Slave Thief 9 10 Hangman 11 Coffin-maker and his Host Cook Syrophaenix 12 add to his more cost His soft-lipt Hostess 13 Ciane Who can Compare this Lord to that No-Gentleman The Consul 14 Tully that lean Vigils kept Wak'd when the Senators securely slept And never dream'd that Rome was to be fir'd At midnight when fierce Catiline conspir'd Corvinus 15 16 Galba that in Marble stand Reviv'd by some rare Statuaries hand Are monuments to gallant Sons the base Shew them as Trophies of their own disgrace Figura Octaua NObilitas virtus est quò mihi stemmata longo Sanguine censendus Meritò num Nobilis audit Legatus victis Marius 1 quòd praesidet Afris Quos pace exspoliat Marium 2 huic ego praefero fabrū Subjecit Romae qui grandia corpora Cimbros Indigenas ad lauta vocans convivia 3 corvos Dic mihi quis clari Damasippum 4 crederet ortûs His cum collegis qui siccat pocula Consul Gallus 5 adest Cybeles Pirata 6 Homicida 7 metallis Damnatus 8 Latro 9 torvus mortisque 10 minister Sandapilaeque 11 faber Syrophoenix 12 ultimus hospes Et coquus intereà Cyane 13 sua basia vendit Hospita nec parvo Tam magni nominis umbrae Quis non praetulerit longè incunabula 14 Tullî Obscurique novique hominis quo consule Roma Evigilante stetit secura Patresque supinos Nè monuêre quidem occultae vel somnia flammae Quam conjuranti vovit Catilina Cethego Familiae princeps Coruinus 15 Galba que 16 Caesar Quorum post cineres in marmore vivit imago Stant aeterna piis monimenta nepotibus at qui Degenerant sua cum statuis opprobria figunt The Manners of Men. THE EIGHTH SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT Maim'd Statues cripled by times rage And Pictures now grown dimme with age Our Ancestors deserts proclaim And if we live not well our shame Honour consists in worth not blood The Great weigh nothing if not Good The Mean whose virtue is their birth Have been the greatest men on Earth WHat 's Linage PONTICUS what good can flow From great blood What is 't Ancestors to show In Paint and Statue the Aemilii plac't Intire in Chariots Curii to the waste CORVINUS that by th' shoulder less appears And GALBA wanting both his nose and ears What 's a Dictator drawn to life or what Dimme Masters of the Horse still pointed at If pictur'd Worthies see thy time spent ill Thy house why doe so many Gen'ralls fill Breathing in Marble if thou in the sight Of arm'd Numantians play'st at dice all night And go'st to bed about the break of day The time when they drew off and march't away Why glories FABIUS in his French Descent And Altar his HERCULEAN Monument If covetous if vain his Greatness be If no Euganean Lamb more soft then he If with Sicilian pumice smooth he shave Slandring his Fathers that were rough and grave Blasting whose Urns this poisoner's Image stands Fit to be broken by the Hang-man's hands Fill all thy Courts with old wax-Imagerie Virtue 's the true and sole Nobilitie A PAULUS COSSUS or a DRUSUS live And let thy Predecessors Statues give Place to thy Virtues when the Fasces lead Thee Consul let thy Fame those Rods precede Pay me with thy minds treasure my first debt By deed and word the stile of Virtuous get That thou art Noble shall need no Record Patrician or Plebeian hail my Lord So I shall
called Sister to the Harpyes to leave their pursuite of Joves Dogs this very word frighted the Borean Brothers and from their retreat the Isles of Plotae were afterwards called Strophades Virg. The Harpyes were bloody Plunderers and Extorters of money Sidon lib. 5. Epist. 7. They were evil women Apulei See their mythology in Coel. lib. 27. Verse 199. Bring thy birth from Picus He would be of a very ancient House that could bring down his Pedegree from Picus King of Latium Son to Saturn Father to Faunus and Grand-father to King Latinus He was a mighty skilfull Augur Circe fell in love with him but he refused her marriage and took to wife the Nymph Carmentis which so vexed the Goddess-witch that she struck him with her magicall Rod and turned him into a bird of his own name a Magpie Some think this Fiction invented from his Augury because he was the first that divining by the flight of birds made use of the Magpie Ovid. Metam 14. Verse 168. Giants The Sons of Titan that fought and beat Saturn and were defeated by Jove See the beginning of the Comment upon Sat. 6 Verse 161. Prometheus See the Comment upon Sat. 4. Verse 184. French Fools-hood The Santons of Aquitane neer Tholouse in France wore hoods that are by Martial called Bardocuculli Fools-hoods It seems that which in the day time was the French Fashion proved the Roman Mode at night when the young Lords ashamed to be known went to their first Debauches Verse 186. Damasippus A profuse young Nobleman that as my Author tells us was first Consul of Rome then a Chariot-Jocky afterwards a common Drunkard and at last a Stage-player Verse 199. Epona Goddess of Stables Damasippus swore by her as long as he was able to keep Race-horses and so did the Grooms of his Stable it being the Roman Custome for Servants to swear by their Masters darling-Deity Sat. 2. And by his Master 's Juno his man swears Verse 201. Tavern-Revels Or Cook-shop Revels for in Juvenal's time Cooks Shops were the Roman Taverns Verse 202. Syrophoenix A Vintner or Cook a Mungrel born betwixt Syria and Phoenicia from whence he transports the Oyles and Essences that serve his Guests when they noint after bathing and perfume their Wines Sat. 6. When Falern Wine with foamy Essence sweats Verse 207. Cyane Wife to Syrophoenix Verse 216. Painted Tavern-linnen Stained Table-clothes brought out of Syrophoenix his Country Verse 217. Armenian War Nero made war in Armenia that rebelled against him by his Lievtenant Domitius Corbulo Tacit. Verse 218. Rhene Damasippus had youth and strength but that he wanted honour to have fought for defence of the Roman Empire which extended to the River Rhene and the Istrian Flood now called the Rhiine and the Danow Verse 220. Ostium Now Hostia the next Sea-port to Rome where the Roman Fleet lay at Anchor Verse 220. Cybel's Priest You cannot wonder that he should lie dead drunk when you read the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 231. Thy Land neer Luca. Luca is a City of Tuscia so named from Lucumo King of Hetruria Strab. lib. 5. This City flourished anciently with men of great worth and valour from whom the Romans had their military Orders Verse 240. Swift Lentulus Celer or Swift was a surname of the noble house of Lentulus Verse 240. Laureol A Slave condemned to be hanged for running away from his Master This Slave was personated or acted upon the Theater by a Lord one of the Lentuli fellow-Actor to the Lord Damasippus that played a part in Catullus his Comedy called the Phantasm another of the Company was a Mamercus one of the Aemylian Family descended as aforesaid from Mamercus Son to Pythagoras My Author observes that it was the more base in these Noblemen to be Stage-players because they were Volunteers not prest men as in Nero's time for then Lords durst not refuse to act upon a Stage when the example was shewed them by their Emperor but these young Noblemen by their Prodigality brought to Want for a poor Salary offered themselves to act upon Theaters both as Players to spend their lungs and as Fencers to put their lives in the power of the People Verse 255. Thymele Latinus his pretty Wife but though her Husband presented her to Heliodorus the grand Informer that old block of which Latinus himself was a chip yet when she was courted upon the Stage by the young Mamercan Lord that acted a Love-passion some thing too naturally Latinus was so bold as to give him a sound box of the ear which would make the common people laugh more then any jeast made by Corynth the Clown that is here called Corynth the dull Fool. Verse 260. Gracchus The Gladiator mentioned Sat. 2. In the Designe before which Satyr you see him in the Circus as a Retiarius or Net-bearer flying from the Secutor or Pursuer just as Juvenal describes them here Verse 274. Seneca See the Comment upon Sat. 5. Verse 274. Nero. The Emperor Nero Schollar to Seneca but no follower of his precepts For by his wicked actions Nero changed his gallant Proper name into a base Appellative so that we call every cruel Tyrant Nero but it seems he fell back from his first course as in his time the Rivers did from theirs Plin. lib. 2. cap. 203. He grew to such a height of villany that he spared not his own family but was to his Mother brother Wife and all his neerest relations a bloody Parracide Euseb. lib. 2. cap. 24. Hist. Eccl. For which my Author intimates that Nero deserves a thousand deaths and therefore it would be too milde a Sentence that should condemn him as a single Parracide to be sowed up in a Sack with a Dog Cock Viper and Ape and cast into the Sea perhaps lest his naked body should defile the Element of water that washes out the filth from other things read Senec. lib. 5. Controv. Digest lib. 48. ad Leg. Pomp. de Parracid Coel. Rhod. lib. 21 cap. 21. Cic. pro Sext. Rosc. In the next place my Author aggravates Nero's murder of his Mother comparing it with the very same Crime committed by Orestes but not with the same intention nor seconded with the like cruelties For first Orestes took himself to have a Commission from the Gods to kill his Mother in revenge of his Father murdered by her when he had drunk hard at the Feast she made to welcome him home after his ten years absence at the siege of Troy Homer agrees with Juvenal that of the Matricide committed by Orestes Jove was Author and sent Mercury to bid Aegysthus take heed of imbruing his hands in Agamemnon's blood for if he did Orestes should revenge it upon his Mother and Aegysthus Hom. Odyss Then Nero slew his Sister in Law Antonia but Orestes did not kill his Sister Electra nor his Wife Hermione as Nero killed his VVife Poppaea nor poysoned he his neerest relations as Nero poysoned his Brother Britannicus Nor did Orestes in his
33. In these sports it was the Slaves office to cry aloud to the Consul Look behind you Sir Remember you are a man Verse 52. Almes-Basket The Consul 's two Sportulaes the meat and Money-basket which obliged the attendance of his Clients in white Robes not as Candidati for 't was long before this time that suiters to the People stood in white but as men of eminence and imployment in the Empire as if they were principal Secretaries to a King Fenest de Mag. Rom. cap. 3. Verse 56. Dull climes Abdera where Democritus was born stood in the Barbarous Country of Thrace Verse 60. Middle-finger The infamous finger which pointing at a Roman gave him the affront now â—â—â—red by 〈◊〉 enemy that cryes Cazzo Verse 61. Wax'd knees The Heathens 〈…〉 their Gods should not forget their Prayers they writ them down and fastned them to the worshipped Images which had their Knees the Seat of Mercy waxed over purposely to make the paper stick Verse 66. Statues If a man were condemned for Tyranny Treason or any Crime of the like nature his name was crost out of the Roman Calendar or Records and his Statues broken This was done either by Decree of Senate or by the fury of the People See Tacit. Annal. 6. and Plin. in his Panegyrick Verse 71. Great Sejanus Aelius Sejanus Son to Seius Strabo In his youth he followed C. Caesar Nephew to Augustus By many artifices he wrought upon Tiberius so as that subtile Prince closs to all others lay open to him He had a strong body and a confident spirit secret in his own actings an Informer against others equally proud and flattering seemingly modest really ambitious to which end he sometimes made use of bounty but most commonly of industry and circumspection mediums alike dangerous when a Crown is the Designe At his first coming to be Captain of the Emperor's Life-guard the Praetorian Cohort his forces were not considerable but he made them so by bringing his Praetorians that were before quartered severally and as he said grew debosht into a body and fixing them in a standing Camp that they might be ready to act when they received his Orders and that a view of their number and strength might beget confidence in them fear in others He had no sooner intrenched but he crept into the hearts of the Souldiers with going to them calling them by their names and giving them hopes of preferment he being commissioned to name his own Officers He likewise omitted not either to court the Senate or to advance his friends to honours and offices which Tiberius was so far from disliking that in the Senate-house he commended Sejanus as his laborious Partner gave him the second place in the Empire by making him his own perpetual Collegue and suffered his Images to be set up in the Theaters and publick Meeting-places and to be carried in the Ensignes of the Legions But the Master-piece of his policy was to ingratiate himself with Livia wife to Drusus heir apparent to the Empire This Lady Sister to Germanicus was very ill favoured when she was a Girle afterwards proved a beauty nothing was unhandsome in her but her heart of which she robbed her husband to bestow it upon her servant and left a noble certainty for a base hope that is to be Empress to Sejanus when the skie should fall and he trample upon all Caesar's numerous Relations Yet Livia in some particulars like to Hippia Sat. 6. Regardless of her Husband's reputation The honour of her Brother House and Nation Forsook her crying Babes and prostituted together with her self the other Chamber-secrets of her Lord that in private often said It seems Caesar hath a Co-adjutor whilst his Son is living this was a dash upon the mouth with his tongue whereof Sejanus was more sensible then of the other given him by Drusus with his hand which he returned with a speeding revenge For he put away his wife Apicata to make way for Livia and she to requite him poysoned her husband Tacit. l. 4. Tiberius being then at Capreae had intelligence of all his practices and by his death prevented his own murder Treason is like the Cockatrice's eyes For seeing first it kills first seen it dies From Capreae the Emperor writ to the Senate 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Letter was read and it was a long one But the Lords made short work for immeniately the Tribunes and their Souldiers encompassed and bound him then Sentence passing in the House they dragg'd him to the Gemoniae where he was flung down Dion Cass. The ignominious manner of his execution how his Statues were pulled down and dragged through the Streets of Rome I need not add you have an exact description of it in this Satyr Verse 74. Laurell Upon great feast dayes the Romans drest up their houses with boughs and wreaths of Laurell and what day should they keep more holy then Caesar's day of deliverance from Sejanus therefore they incourage one another to sacrifice unto Jupiter Capitoline a Bull as white as he himself was when he carried Europa upon his back And this Bull was to be haled with ropes through the streets of Rome to the Capitol as the body of Sejanus was dragged with hooks thrust into his throat to the Scalae Gemoniae the Gemonian Stairs where malefactors had their thigh-bones broken and were then burned to ashes Coel. Rod. l. 10. c. 5. Verse 82. Capreae An Isle about 8 miles beyond the City of Surrentum in Campania Nothing in this Isle could invite Tiberius Caesar but only Solitude or that he might the freelier enjoy Thrasillus and the rest of his Chaldaean Astrologers unless his Majesty had loved Quales wherewith the place abounds Verse 86. Nurtia The Goddess of Thuscany where Sejanus was born at Volscinium now Bolsena Verse 89. Selling of our voice Before the Sovereign power was invested in the Caesars when the Common-wealth of Rome was governed by the Senate and the People the poorer sort lived upon the sale of their Votes to such as were Candidates or Suiters to them for publick Offices and imployment Verse 98. Brutidius A Senator that looked pale for fear some Spies which were in the Senate-house at the condemnation of Sejanus might criminate all such as spake not thundring words against that Traytor For my Author conceives that upon such information Tiberius Caesar would not spare his own Party but misplace the execution of his fury as Ajax did that beat a heard of Oxen supposing them to be the Grecians that gave sentence against him when he pleaded his title to the armes of Achilles Sophocl Verse 118. Gabii Was once a City built by the Kings of Alba. Virg. Aeneid 7. It became subject to Rome being delivered to King Tarquin by the fraud of his Son Sextus as aforesaid At this time it was a Village or some very poor Town as appears by the ranking of it with Fidenae and Vlubrae that being a Village of the Sabines Plin. and
had for his story mentions no vinegar made in the Isle of Pharos which is the sharpest in the world Verse 101. All things by chance were made An opinion detested by Seneca that sayes Nature Fate Fortune Chance are all names of one and the same God Verse 102. No first Mover A Villain would gladly make himself believe there is no God if he could but as my Lord of St. Albons observed though the fool in his heart hath said there is no God yet he hath not thought so A vicen affirms He that sees not God in nature wants not only reason but even sense Verse 104. Touch any Altars When a man would put a Trustee to his oath he brought him into the Temple and there made him swear laying his hand upon the Altar A great example of this custome with the punishment of the perjured Rogue we have in the history of Herodotus One Archetimus in his journey deposited a great summe of gold in the hands of his Host Cydias When he returned he asked for his gold Cydias absolutely denyed it After a long contest the Plaintiff referred himself to the Oath of the Defendant Cydias scrupling at Perjury resolved to swear by Equivocation and for that purpose put all the Gold into a great Cane Upon his day he appears in a sickly posture leaning upon this Cane walks with it to the Temple and when he kneeled down at the Altar gave it Archetimus to hold till the ceremony should be ended Then lifting up his hands he confessed upon Oath that he had received the Gold wherewith he was charged but withall he swore that he had again delivered the same individuall Gold to the Defendant Archetimus hearing this in a fury threw upon the Marble floor the Cane which with the outward violence and weight within it broke to pieces and out came all the Gold Thus providence righted him and Cydias by report dyed miserably Verse 109. Timbrels Gold Silver or Brass Timbrells used in their ceremonies by the Priests of Isis in whose Temple was the Image of Harpocrates with his finger cross his lips and that Goddess together with this God of Silence were believed to send diseases into humane bodies Verse 113. Archigenes The greatest Physitian of Rome the Roman Mayhern Verse 114. Anticira An Island neer to the Maliack Gulfe and the Mountain Oeta mentioned as part of Thessaly by Strab. lib. 9. In this Isle grows the black Hellebore which cures an old Gout Plin. Verse 116. Nimble Ladas Foot-man to Alexander the great He ran so nimbly that the print of his foot was not seen upon the gravell His Statue was set up at Argos in the Temple of Venus after he had won the foot-race in the Olympick Games These sacred Games were instituted by Hercules in honour of his Father Jove neer to the City of Olympia in Elis. These consisted of five Exercises casting the Javelin flinging the Iron-ball leaping wrestling and running foot-matches and Chariot-races they began every five years and ended in five dayes The Conqueror was crowned with an Olive-wreath got in a Grove of Olives neer the City of Pisa in Elis and therefore by Juvenal called Pisaean Olive boughs and such honour was done him that his Chariot came not in by the City gates but the walls were pulled down for him to enter at the breach From these Games the Grecians had their Aera or account of years beginning with the first Olympiad in the year of the Julian Period 3938. Verse 119. Say the wrath of Heaven be great 't is slow Yet as slow as it is sure it will be Divine wrath by slow degrees proceeds to vengeance but the long sufferance is payed for by the greatness of the punishment Val. Max. Caesar sayes gravely The Gods are accustomed that men may be more afflicted with the change of their condition sometimes to give wicked men prosperous success and longer impunity Verse 131. Catullus The Author of the Comedy called Phasma or the Phantasm mentioned Sat. 8. wherein it should seem there was a spirit or eccho that answered and mockt some poor man till it made him call as loud as Calvin cryed out upon his perjured Trustee that is saies my Author as loud as Homer's Stentor that was able to drown the cryes of fifty shouting together or indeed as loud as Homer's Mars that when he was wounded by Pallas or Diomedes roared louder then the cryes of an Army when ten thousand men joyn battail Hom. Iliad lib. 5. Verse 142. Bathyllus A rare Lutenist and an excellent Mimick to whom a Statue was set up at Samos in Juno's Temple by the Tyrant Polycrates Verse 143. He That is Juvenal himself Verse 145. A Cloak The Cynicks wore two upper garments the Stoicks only a thin Cloak This is all the difference Juvenal puts between them for their Doctrine was the same They both contemned riches and agreed in this Maxim That Virtue needs no addition but of it self is sufficient to make life happy Verse 146. Epicurus Father of the Epicurean Sect. He placed the Summum bonum or felicity of Man in Pleasure not as Aristippus did in the pleasure of the Body but of the Mind and in the absence of Pain He condemned the Dialecticks because he affirmed that Philosophy might be taught in plain and easie words He denyed the providence of the Gods in humane affaires So much is ascribed to him by Lucretius that he confidently avouches Epicurus obscured the light of all the other Philosophers no less then all other heavenly bodies are darkned by the Sun And though from his opinion that felicity consists in pleasure all Voluptuaries by a common mistake are called Epicureans yet we have besides this place of Juvenal good authority that Epicurus was a most temperate man contenting himself with a little Garden and feeding upon Herbs not to provoke hunger but to satisfie it Senec. Verse 148. Philip A Country Chirurgion yet his Apprentice had skill enough to bleed Calvin therefore Juvenal as somewhat a better Artist undertakes his cure Verse 152. Thy dores may well be shut It was the Roman custome and is ours at Funerals and in the time of mouring to shut up the dores and darken the Rooms Which the Satyrist wishes men would doe that have lost their money because they look upon it as a sadder calamity then the loss of friends or neerest relations therefore the grief being greater why should the signes of grief be less Verse 162. Sardonix Seal A coat of Armes cut in a Sardonix which pretious stone being laid up in a Lord's Cabinet whereof he himself kept the key there could be little probability that the impression should be counterfeited Verse 167. A white Hen. Albae Gallinae filius Son of a white Hen was a Proverb with the Romans amounting to as much in point of good luck as our English Proverb Wrapt in 's Mothers Smock Verse 180. Castor Castor and Pollux Sons to Jupiter by Laeda Tyndarus the King of Sparta's Wife