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A64661 The judgement of the late Arch-Bishop of Armagh and Primate of Ireland 1. Of the extent of Christs death and satisfaction &c, 2. Of the Sabbath, and observation of the Lords day, 3. Of the ordination in other reformed churches : with a vindication of him from a pretended change of opinion in the first, some advertisements upon the latter, and in prevention of further injuries, a declaration of his judgement in several other subjects / by N. Bernard. Ussher, James, 1581-1656.; Bernard, Nicholas, d. 1661. 1658 (1658) Wing U188; ESTC R24649 53,942 189

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in his Lawes taketh it for granted that our observation of the Lords day is founded upon the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the fourth Commandement Statuimus saith he libro 1o. Capitularium cap. 81. secundum quod in lege Dominus praecepit ut opera servilia diebus Dominicis non agantur sicut bonae memoriae genitor meus in suis Synodalibus edictis mandavit And Lotharius likewise in legibus Alemannorum titulo 38. Die Dominico nemo opera servilia praesumat facere quia hoc lex prohibuit sacra scriptura in omnibus contradicit Accommodating the Law of God touching the Sabbath unto our observation of the Lords day by the self-same Analogy that the Church of England now doth in her publick Prayer Lord have mercy upon us and incline our hearts to keep this Law The Jewes commonly hold two things touching their Sabboth as Menasses Ben-Israel sheweth in his eighth Probleme de creatione which be published at Amsterdam the last year First that the observation thereof was commanded onely unto the Israelies where he speaketh also of the seven precepts of the sons of Noah which have need to be taken in a large extent if we will have all the duties that the Heathen were tyed unto to be comprised therein Secondly that it was observed by the Patriarchs before the coming out of Egypt For that then the observation began or that the Israelites were brought out of Egypt or the Egyptians drowned upon the Sabbath I suppose our good friend Mr. Mead will not be able to evince either out of Deut. 5. 15 or out of any other Scripture whatsoever And the Text Genes 2. 3. as you well note is so cleare for the ancient institution of the Sabbath and so fully vindicated by D. Rivet from the exceptions of Gomarus that I see no reason in the earth why any man should make doubt thereof especially considering withall that the very Gentiles both civill and barbarous both ancient and of latter dayes as it were by an universal kind of tradition retained the distinction of the seven dayes of the week which if Dr. Heylin had read so well proved as it is by Rivetus and Salmasius he would not have made such a conclusion as he doth that because the Heathen of the four great Monarchies at least had no distinction of weeks therefore they could observe no Sabbath whereas he might have found that the distinction of the dayes of the week did reach etiam ad ipsos usque Sauromatas for even of the Slavonians themselves while they yet continued in their ancient Paganisme thus writeth Helmoldus Chronic. Slavor lib. 1. cap. 84. Illic secundâ feriâ populus terrae cum flamine regulo convenire solebant propter judicia the same order of the dayes of the week being retained by them which Theophilus the old Bishop of Antioch noteth to have been observed by all mankind 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith he lib. 2. ad Antolycum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 confounding as it seemeth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as also doth Lacta●tius lib. 7 cap. 14. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Wherewith we may joyn that other place of Johannes Philoponus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lib. 7. Cap. ult 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who with shewing the cause thereof thus shuts up the whole work 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 We see it almost generally observed in all Nations though never so farre distant and strangers one to another that in their reckoning of Numbers when they come to ten they return to their Addition of 1. 2. and 3. again If it should be demanded how they did all come to agree upon this kind of Arithmetick and not some place their period at 8. some at 12. some at 15 I suppose this could not be better resolved than by saying they had this by tradition from the first Fathers that lived before the dispersion and that this is not an improbable evidence of that truth propounded by the Apostle unto the Philosophers of Athens Acts 17. 26. that God made of one bloud all Nations of men to dwell on all the face of the Earth How more when we finde a farre greater agreement among the Nations in the computation of the seven dayes of the week the self-same day which is accounted the first by one being in like manner reckoned so by all Notwithstanding that great variety of differences which is betwixt them in the ordering of their years and moneths how much more strongly I say may we conclude from hence that the tradition of the seventh day was not of Moses but of the Fathers and did not begin with the Common-wealth of Israel but was derived unto all Nations by lineal descent from the Sons of Noah Adde hereunto that those Heathens who were strangers from the Common-wealth of Israel though they made not the seventh day as Festival as the Jews did yet did they attribute some holinesse to it and gave it a peculiar honour above the other dayes of the week wherein they retained some Relicks and preserved still some clear foot-steps of the first institution Quinetiam populi jam olim saith Josephus sub fin lib. 2. contra Apion multùm nostram pietatem aemulantur neque est civitas Graecorum ulla usquàm aut Barbarorum nec ulla gens ad quam septimanae in qua vacamus consuetudo minimè pervenerit Jejuniaque candelabra accensa c. of which Rite of lighting of Candles or Lamps rather mention also is made by Seneca in his 95 th Epistle Accendere aliquam lucernam Sabbathis prohibeamus quoniam nec lumine Dii egent ne homines quidem delectantur fuligine And by Tertullian lib. 1. ad Nation cap. 13. where he noteth also those to be the Sabbaths observed by the Nations saying thus unto them Qui solem diem ejus nobis exprobratis agnoscite vicinitatem Non longè à Saturno Sabbatis VESTRIS sumus wherein though their devotion were somewhat like 〈◊〉 of the Jewes which is all that those words of Josephus do import Multum nostram pietatem aemulantur yet that it was not done by any late imitation of them or with any relation at all to their observance that other place of Tertullian doth seem to evince in the 16 th Chapter of his Apologeticum Aequè si diem solis laetitiae indulgemus aliâ longè ratione quàm religione solis secundo loco ab eis sumus qui diem Saturni otio victui decernunt exorbitantes ipsi à Judaico more quem ignorant And that they did not celebrate their Satturdayes with that solemnity wherewith themselves did their annuall festivities or the Jewes their weekly Sabbaths may appear by the words of this same Author in the 14 th Chapter of his book de Idololatriâ thus speaking unto the Christian who observed 52 Lords dayes every year whereas all the annual festivities