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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A41236	Festa Anglo-Romana, or, The feasts of the English and Roman church, with their fasts and vigils being an exact and concise accompt of their various etymologies and appellations, with the reasons and grounds of their celebration : together with a succinct discourse of several other grand days in the universities, Inns of courts, and the collar and offering days at White-Hall, tending, to the instruction of all persons in all capacities, and the dilucidation of several seeming difficulties in the ancient, as well as modern English and Roman calendar / by a true son of the Church of England.	True son of the Church of England.	1678 (1678)	Wing F821; ESTC R7435	34,996	146

Invasion hapned Their Navy consisted of 130 Ships in which there were 19290 Soldiers 8050 Marriners 2080 Gally-Slaves 2630 Great Ordnance and for the greater Sanctification of the Action 12 of their Vessels were call'd by the Names of the 12 Apostles The Commander in Chief of the Fleet was Don Alphonso Duke of Medina the next in Authority was Martin Recalde an Able Seaman They came out of the Groyn in May but were dispersed and the Queen in the mean time made the following Preparations the Lord Charles Howard Lord Admiral of her whole Navy and Sir Francis Drake Vice-Admiral were to be ready at Plimouth the Lord Henry Seymor second Son to the Duke of Somerset with 40 English and Dutch Ships to guard the Coasts of the Netherlands and keep the Prince of Parma from coming forth for Land-Service Thre were placed along our Southern Coasts 20000 Soldiers and two Armies of Trained Men Levied the one commanded by the Earl of Leicester consisting of 1000 Horse and 22000 Foot who pitch'd his Tents at Tilbury over the other appointed as a Guard to Her Majesties Royal Person consisting of 24000 Foot and 2000 Horse the Lord Hunsdon was General Now all things on both sides being in a readiness the Spanish Navy set forth in May as before but were drawn back and distressed and their first Appearance was July the 21th The Admiral of England coming out of Plimouth sent a Pinnace nam'd The Defiance before which by a Great Shot Challenged the Spaniards to Fight and they speedily fell to it but the English had the better The 23th of this Month they had a second Fight where there was little hurt done by the Spaniards the 24th they rested on both sides and the 25th which was St. James his Day they fell to it the third time and the English got the better after which the Spaniards held on their Course and turn'd no more upon us The 27th of the Month towards evening the Spaniards cast Anchor near Calice the English then having 140 Ships tho but 15 of them bore the brunt of the Battle The 28th the Lord Admiral made eight of his worst Vessels Fire-ships and sent them in the Night to the Spanish Fleet at the sight whereof they made a hideous noise cut their Cables with great confusion and astonishment The Spanish Navy being now destitute of many necessary Provisions and no hope of the Prince of Parma's Assistance resolv'd for Spain Northward in which they lost many Ships and Men the English Navy still pursued closely till they were fain to leave them for want of Powder Thus this Invincible Armada for so it was styl'd in a Spanish Bravado that was three whole years preparing in the space of one Month was often beaten and at length put to flight many of their men slain above half their Ships taken and sunk not above 100 of the English missing at the most not so much as a Ship but Cock's small Vessel thus sailing about all Britain by Scotland the Orkneys and Ireland they return'd to Spain with as great dishonour as they set out with Ostentation for indeed Mendosa in France Triumphed before the Victory in Print Now Q. Elizabeth for this Happy Success appointed Prayers and Thanksgiving in all Churches throughout England and She as it were in Triumph came in Person attended with a numerous Train of her Nobility into the City went into the Cathedral of St. Paul's where the Banners taken from the Enemy were publickly exposed to the view of Spectators and there gave thanks to Almighty God in a most humble manner for so great a Deliverance from and defeat of a Foreign Enemy St. James July the 25th is the Feast of St. James Hebr. the same as Jacob the Apostle sirnamed the Greater Brother to St. John the Sons of Zebedee who was both an Apostle and Martyr This is he that Taught the Gospel to the 12 dispersed Tribes and was Murdered by the Sword or as some say Beheaded in Judaea by Herod Agrippa Anno Dom. 45. where he was buried and consequently the first of the 12 Apostles that was translated to the Kingdom of Christ This is one of the King's Collar-Days without Offering St. Anne The next day being the 26th is by some People Celebrated to the Memory of St. Anne Hebr. Gracious who was the Holy Mother of the Blessed Virgin This Day is not in our but the Roman Rubrick Lammas-Day August begins with a Feast the first being call'd Lammas-Day the Gule or Yule of August St. Peter advincula or St. Peter's Chains 'T is nam'd Lammas qu. Lamb-mass because on that Day in the time of Popery here among us in England the Tenants that held Lands of the Cathedral Church in York which is Dedicated to St. Peter ad vincula were obliged by their Tenure on that day to bring a live Lamb into the Church whil'st they were singing High-Mass or as some conceive it may take its Derivation from the Saxon Hlarmaesse i.e. Loaf-Mass or Bread-Mass so call'd as a Feast of Thanksgiving to God for the first fruits of the Corn and it seems hath been observ'd with Bread made of new Wheat and accordingly it is a Custom in some Places for Tenants to be bound to bring their Lord that years Wheat on or before the first of August Ham. Resol 2.6 Quaeries p. 465. 'T is call'd the Gule or Yule of August which some Conjecture to be only a Corruption of the British word Gwyl-Awst that is the Feast of August Others again conceive and I think more truly that Gule comes from Gula in Latin or Gueule in French a Throat and St. Peter ad vincula for this Reason following which you have in Durand's Rationali Divinor l. 7. Ca. De festo Sancti Petri ad vincula a Catholick Story that one Quirinus a Tribune of Rome had a Daughter who was troubled with a painful Disease in her Throat and therefore I presume other means failing Addressed himself to his then Holiness Alexander the 6th of that Name from St. Peter and desir'd to borrow or see the Chains that St. Peter was chained with under Nero which Request being obtain'd his Daughter kissing the said Chains was as miraculously as Immediately cur'd of her Malady Credat Judaeus Appella Non Ego whereupon Quirinus with his whole Family turn'd Christians and were baptized Tunc dictus Alexander Papa as Durand hath it hoc Festum in Calendis Augusti Celebrandum Instituit in Honorem Beati Petri Ecclesiam in Urbe Fabricavit ubi Vincula ipsa reposuit ad vincula Nominavit Calendis Augusti Dedicavit so that this Day being before only known by the Name of the Calends of August was afterward upon this very occasion termed either of the Instrument that wrought this Miracle the Day of St. Peter ad vincula or of the part of the Daughter namely the Throat whereon the Miracle was wrought the Gule of August This day is kept by the Papists as they say

Quasimodogeniti from the entrance in the 1 Peter 2.2 Quasimodogeniti Infantes Rationabiles sine dolore lac concupiscite St. George April the 23th is the Day Dedicated to the Memory of St. George the Martyr of Cappadocia and is honoured by the Georgians the Inhabitants of a Country call'd Georgia situated between Colchos Caucasus the Caspian-Sea and Armenia heretofore Iberia and Albania they do highly reverence and honour this Saint He also is our Patron and the same Person that the Knights of the Garter have formerly so much honoured they being alwayes on that day only Install'd at Windsor This is one of his Majesties Collar-days without Offering at White-Hall St. Mark The 25th of this Month is St. Mark 's Day A Feast in Honour of the Evangelist who wrote the Life Acts Miracles Death and Resurrection of our Saviour Christ He was the first Prelate of Alexandria where he Taught the Gospel and also all over the adjacent Regions from the Country of Aegypt to Pentapolis He was Martyr'd at Alexandria in the time of the Tyrant Trajan which was thus executed They fastned a Cable-Rope about his Neck wherewith they dragg'd him from the place call'd Bucolus to another term'd Angels where the raging Idolaters burned him to ashes against whom he preached Anno Domini 63. and was Interred at Bucolus praemention'd This is one of his Majesties Collar-dayes without offering Misericordia The second Sunday after Easter is term'd Misericordia from the Entrance of the fifth Verse of the 32 Psalm Misericordia Domini plena est Terra c. Philip and Iacob May-Day or St. Philip and St. James vulgarly but falsly call'd Philip and Jacob Philip is a Greek word and signifies a Lover of Horses Jacob Hebr. a Supplanter May-day 't is call'd because the first of May a day of Mirth and Jollity among the Common Herd and Philip and James because dedicated to the two Apostles and Martyrs of that name The former of the City of Bethsaida who preached in Phrygia and Converted the Eunuch Candaules It is affirm'd by some Authors that he sent 12 Disciples into our Country of Britain to work the Conversion of them In conclusion the Pagans seized him and put him to the Ignominious death of his Lord and Master at the City Hierapolis about the Year of our Lord 53. The later viz. St. James the Lesser James is a Name wrested from Jacob was Son to Alphaeus and Pen-man of that Excellent Epistle which goes under his Name for his Wisdome and Piety sirnamed the Just He was created Bishop of Jerusalem after the Ascension and Governed that Church 30 years compleat where he was most Inhumanely first stoned and afterward being placed on the Top of a Pinacle of the Temple precipitated from thence and being half dead and his Thighes broken and lifting up his hands to Heaven he was knock'd on the head with a great Fuller's Club this Bloody Butchery was Executed on this Saint in the Seventh Year of the Sanguinary Emperour Nero. This is also one of his Majestie 's Collar-days without Offering Holy Cross or Holy-Rood-day May the 3d is Inventio Crucis i. e. the Invention of the Holy-Cross or Holy-Rood-day and is in the Roman tho not in our Rubrick of which there are two call'd Holy-Rood-dayes viz. this being on the 3d. of May and the Exaltation of the Cross on the 14th of September 'T is a Feast in Commemoration as the Romanists believe of the Miraculous and Wonderful Invention or finding out the Holy Cross on which the Blessed Jesus suffered by St. Helen the Mother of Constantine the Great after it had been conceal'd and buried in the Earth by the Painims the space of 180 years in place whereof they had erected a Statue to their wanton Deity Venus 'T is called Holy-Rood-Day and Holy Cross because of the great Sanctity it receiv'd by touching and bearing the Oblation of the most precious Body of Christ and Rood is an old Saxon word signifying a Cross or the Image of Christ on the Cross being compos'd generally of Wood and erected in a Loft for that purpose just over the passage of the Church into the Chancel Fuller The third Sunday after Easter as it falls in course here is styl'd Jubilate from the beginning of Psalm the 65. Jubilate Deo omnis Terra c. The fourth Sunday Cantate from the entrance of the 98th Psalm Cantate Domino Cantieum Novum c. May the 14th our most Gracious and Soveraign Princess Donna Catarina Landed at Portsmouth in order to the confirmation of her solemn Nuptials with His Majesty our Dread Soveraign Charles the Second whom God long preserve in health and happiness Rogation-Sunday Next follows Rogation-Sunday the fifth Sunday after Easter the Week following is call'd Rogation-Week or Vocem Jucunditatis the Institution or Restauration whereof is by Historians attributed to Claudius Mamertus or Mamercus Bishop of Vienne in France Anno Dom. 452. or as some say 466. being the fifth Sunday after Easter from the like entrance Vocem Jucunditatis annunciate audiatur c. and Rogation Sunday or Week which is always the next but one before Whitsunday à Rogando Deum as being once tho we cannot affirm that now Consecrated above all other Weeks of the year in an extraordinary manner unto Prayers Litanies and Supplications and are still enjoyn'd by the Church to all persons among the Roman Catholicks on Monday Tuesday and Wednesday with Abstinence from flesh for these Reasons First for a Devout Preparative to the Feast of Christ's most glorious Ascension and Pentecost which is shortly after 2. Because the fruits of the Earth are tender and in danger being in the Blossom 3. For that much about this time of the year Monarchs and Potentates begin to undertake their Wars upon both which Considerations all Good and Pious Christians have great Reason to be frequent with God in Rogations and Prayers at this time particularly and for this cause it is that the Solemnization of Matrimony is prohibited by the Holy Church from the first day in this Week until Trinity Sunday following The Belgians or Dutch-men call it Cruys-Week that is Cross-week and so 't is also nam'd in some Parts of England because the Priest on these days goes in Procession with the Cross before him In the old Saxon 't is nam'd Gangdagas i. e. Dayes of Walking or Perambulation In the North of England Gang-week from the ganging or going in Procession for Gang there as well as in the Saxon signifies to go from an Antient and Commendable Custome tho discontinued in the time of the late Unnatural Rebellion to make Perambulations and Processions with the Young Children in every Parish and Township with us to view and understand the Ancient Limits and Boundaries of every Parish to prevent all manner of Incroachments Contentions and Suits at Law In the Inns of Court 't is known by the name of Grass-week because the Students Commons on some days that Week consist much of Salads

hard Eggs and Green-sauce The Robigalia and Ambarvalia of the Antient Romans did after their Heathenish manner in something resemble these In●●itutions They were call'd Robigalia from Robigus one of their numerous Deities to whom they ascribed the preserving of Corn from Blasting therefore these Feasts were sacred to him particularly And Ambarvalia quòd victima arva ambiret because the Sacrifice to be offered at that time did walk round the Fields May the 21th 1662. K. Charles was Married at Portsmouth to Donna Catarina Infanta of Portugal by Gilbert Bishop of London May the 22. is a Feast dedicated by the Romanists to one Julia a Holy Devout Virgin and is placed in their Rubrick not mention'd in our Calendar Holy Thursday or Ascension-Day The next Feast celebrated by our Holy Mother the Church is Holy-Thursday or Ascension-Day which is the 40th day after Easter or his Resurrection call'd Holy-Thursday because so Holy a Work was perform'd on this Holy-day and Ascension-day in memory of our Saviour's Ascension into Heaven in the sight of his Apostles and Disciples then present Acts 1.9 there to prepare a place for all true Christians being preceded by whole Legions of Angels and attended by Millions of Saints whom he had discharged set at large out of their imaginary Prison of Limbo as the Romanists fondly conceive In short and in truth this Festival of Christ's Ascension is the Consummation of all he did and taught during his Residence here upon Earth and therefore it was not without great reason termed by the Antients Felix Clausula totius Itinerarii Filii Dei the Sabbath or Consummation of all his labour in the Great and stupendous Work of Man's Redemption This is one of his Majesties Offering-dayes Next comes the 6th Sunday after Easter call'd Exaudi from the beginning of the 27th Psalm Exaudi Domine vocemmeam c. The Week after Ascension-Day is Expectation-Week for now the Apostles were earnestly expecting the promise of our Lord If I go away I will send the Comforter to you Jo. 16.7 King Charles 2d Nat. May the 29th is Celebrated upon a double account first in Commemoration of the Birth of our Soveraign King Charles the Second the Princely Son of his Royal Father Charles the First of happy Memory and Mary the Daughter of Henry the 4th the French King who was born the 29th day of May Anno 1630. and also by Act of Parliament 12 Car. 2. by the Passionate desires of the People in Memory of his most Happy Restauration to his Crown and Dignity after 12 years forced Exile from his undoubted Right the Crown of England by Barbarous Rebels and Regicides and on the 8th of this Month his Majesty was with Universal Joy and great Acclamations Proclaim'd in London Westminster and after throughout all his Dominions the 16th he came to the Hague the 23th with his two Brothers Embarqued for England and on the 25th he happily Landed at Dover being received by General Monk and some of the Army From whence he was by several Voluntary Troops of the Nobility and Gentry waited upon to Canterbury and on the 29th 1660 he made his Magnificent Entrance into that Emporium of Europe his Stately and Rich Metropolis the Renowned City of London On this very day also Anno 1662. the King came to Hampton-Court with his Queen Catharine after his Marriage at Portsmouth as is before mention'd This as it is his Birth-day is one of his Collar-days without Offering Pentecost or Whitsunday After this succeeds the Grand Solemnity of Pentecost or Whitsunday Pentecost from the Greek because 't is the 50th day from Easter or Christ's Resurrection and Whitsunday or White-Sunday from the Catechumeni who were apparell'd in White Garments and on the Eve of this Feast admitted to the Sacrament of Baptisme But Verstegan affirms That it was of old nam'd by our fore-fathers Wied-Sunday or Wihed-Sunday because Wied or Wihed in the Saxon Tongue signifies Sacred Now this Festival was antiently celebrated among the Jewes on the 50th day after the Passeover in the memory of Promulgation of the Divine Law of God on Mount Sinai and our Whitsunday is kept 50 dayes after Easter by all True and Good Christians to commemorate the Mission of the Holy Ghost on that day which descended on the heads of the Apostles in Tongues resembling fire Act. 2.3 who is the only and most Infallible Interpreter of the Divine Law This is one of his Majestie 's Offering-dayes and a Houshold-day when the Besant is given by the Lord Steward or one of the other White Staff-Officers and all the Holy-dayes in Whitsun-Week are Collar-days without Offering Ember-Week follows Whitsun-day which is one of the 4 Grand Seasons of the Year as is before specified at large Trinity-Sunday Trinity-Sunday falls next in course which is always the Lord's day following and the Octave of Whitsunday so nominated in Honour of the most Blessed Trinity and to signifie unto us that the holy Works of our Redemption and Sanctification which were then Consummated are common to all Three Persons in the Trinity This Festival was first Instituted by Gregory the 4th who then sate in the Episcopal Chair in the year of our Lord 827. It is one of his Majesties Offering-days at White-Hall St. Barnabas June the 11th St. Barnabas the Apostle comes next in the Calendar commonly call'd Barnaby The Name is Hebrew signifying Son of the Master of Prophecy or of Comfort The proper Name given him at his Circumcision was Joses for Joseph by a sweeter Termination or Cadence From the Apostles he received the Sirname of Barnabas He was born in the Isle of Cyprus an Island in the Mediterranean between Cilicia Syria and Aegypt whose Ancestors fled thither for their greater safety in the Tumultuous and Distracted Government of Antiochus Epiphanes or as some imagine when Pompey with his Romans Conquered Judaea He descended of the Tribe of Levi his Parents were Opulent and Pious he was committed to the Tutelage of the Great Doctor of the Law Gamaliel at whose Feet he was educated with his Fellow-Pupil St. Paul He was an Eye-witness of the Miracle in the Cure of the Paralytick at the Pool of Bethesda which soon convinced him of the Divinity of our Saviour He was one of the 70 sold all his Lands on Earth to Purchase in Heaven and when God gave Saul his Fiat for an Apostle's Place they two were Joynt-Commissioners for the Church Fellow-Travellers Consorts and Zealots for Christ c. Dr. Brough on the Fest And both Preached the Gospel in Seleucia Salamis Paphos Cyprus Perga in Pamphilia and here Mark the Son of Barnabas his Sister Mary whom they took with them as their Minister and Attendant weary of this Troublesome Itinerant Life departed from them which occasion'd the unhappy Difference between these two Apostles Paul and Barnabas afterwards they Travell'd to Iconium Lystra Derbe and so back to Antioch and then they parted with some discontent because Barnabas would take

have proceeded there was suddenly discovered a Plot of Treason so Damnable and Foul that Posterity will hardly think it true when they shall hear of it The Plot was to blow up with Gun-powder both Houses of Parliament at a time when the King Prince and all the Nobility should be sitting in the Upper House and all the Knights and Burgesses in the Lower The Principal Contriver of this Plot was Robert Catesby a Gentleman of great account in Northamptonshire descended from that Catesby who had been a special Councellor of King Richard the 3d. to whose Family the Divine Providence had now ordain'd a disastrous Period This Catesby not able to perform the Work alone draws in many to assist him as namely Tho. Piercy Tho. Winter John Graunt Ambrose Rookwood John Wright Francis Tresham Guido Fawks and at last Sir Everard Digby all earnest Papists and all bound by Oath and by receiving the Sacrament To be secret for effecting this Plot they hired a House close adjoining to the Upper House of Parliament where they were to dig through a Wall for the fit placing of their Powder about Candlemas they had wrought the Wall half through and suddenly they heard a noise in the next Room which made them fear they had been discovered but sending Guy Fawks who went now under the Name of John Johnson as Mr. Piercy's Man to see what the matter was he brought word that it was a Cellar where Sea-Coals had been laid and were now a Selling and the Room offered to be Let for a yearly Rent this Room therefore as most fit for their purpose being right under the Parliament-House Mr. Piercy presently went and hired laying into it 20 Barrels of Powder which were covered with Billets and Faggots that they might not be discovered Thus the 1st part of the Plot was put in good readiness it now remain'd to consider what was to be done when the Blow should be given intending to surprize the Duke of York who was absent and the Lady Elizabeth at the Lord Harrington's in Warwickshire where she then lay under pretence of a Match at Hunting near Dunchurch but their Tenderness lest their Friends should Perish overthrows them for to prevent such Promiscuous Slaughter a Letter was framed and sent to the Lord Monteagle Son and Heir of the Lord Morley brought him by one of his Foot-men which he receiv'd from an unknown Man in the Street The Letter was as followeth My Lord OUt of the Love I bear to some of your Friends I have a care of your Preservation therefore I would wish you as you tender your Life to forbear your Attendance at this Parliament for God and Man have Concurr'd to Punish the Wickedness of this Time and think not slightly ef this Advertisement for tho there be no Appearance of any stir yet I say they shall receive a terrible Blow this Parliament and yet shall not see who hurts them This Counsel is not to be Contemn'd because it may do you good and can do you no harm for the Danger is past as soon as you have burn'd this Letter and I hope you will make good use of it My Lord having read this Letter tho much perplex'd yet went presently to the Court the King being then a Hunting at Royston and delivered it to the Earl of Salisbury Principal Secretary of State and the Earl having read it acquainted first the Lord Chamberlain with it and then the Lord Admiral the Earls of Worcester and Northampton who as soon as the King was return'd from Hunting acquainted him with it but the King apprehended some Violent Motion and that it must be some sudden danger by Blowing up with Powder and diligent search being made by the Lord Chamberlain and the Lord Monteagle who entring the Cellar found great store of Faggots and Billets and more diligent search being made there were found under the Billets 36 Barrels of Powder together with other Instruments fit for their purpose and apprehended Fawx there and found in his Pocket a piece of Touch-wood a Tinder-box to light the Touch-wood and a Watch which Mr. Piercy had bought the day before to try the short or long burning of the Touch-wood that was prepared to give fire to the Train of Powder Most of the Confederates met at Dunchurch according to Agreement but the Plot being thus Discovered Catesby Piercy were both slain coming out of Mr. Littleton's House in Worcestershire so were John and Christopher Wright the rest taken and on the 27th of January following a Commission was directed to divers Lords and Judges of both Benches for Trial of the rest of the Confederates who were all Condemn'd and had Judgment to Die and on the Thursday following Sir Everard Digby Robert Winter Graunt and Bates were accordingly Drawn Hang'd and Quarter'd at the West End of St. Paul's Church London and on Friday the other four Tho. Winter Keyes Rookwood and Fawks were Executed in the Parliament-Yard at Westminster This Plot was Discovered to the Rejoycing of all People insomuch that the King of Spain's and the Arch-Duke's Embassadors made Bone-fires and threw Money among the People in token of Joy And now King James not to be unmindful of the Lord Mounteagle for being the means of Discovering this Treason gave him in Fee-farm of Crown-Lands 2000 l. to him and his Heirs and 500 l. a year besides during his Life and not to be Unthankful to God for the Deliverance he caused the 5th of November being the day of the Discovery to be kept Holy with Prayers and Thanksgiving to God which was then solemnly perform'd and hath been since and is likely for ever to be continued The 28th of March following Henry Garnet Provincial of the English Jesuits was Arraign'd in Guild-hall for concealing the aforesaid Treason where he had Judgment to be Drawn Hang'd and Quarter'd and accordingly on the 3d of May was Drawn from the Tower unto the West End of St. Paul's Church and there Executed At his Death he Confessed his Fault asked Forgiveness and Exhorted all Papists never to Attempt any Treason against the King or State as a Course which God would never prosper By an Act 3d Jac. 't is ordain'd that all Persons appear at their Parish-Church for the Observation of this Day This is one of his Majestie 's Collar-days without Offering Queen Katharines Birth-Day November the 15th is the Birth-Day of our most Gracious Queen Katharine Gr. Pure whom God preserve and grant her length of Days Health and Happiness in this world and in the world to come The 19th of this Month is Celebrated in Commemoration of the Nativity of our King Charles the First of Blessed Memory a Royal Monarch and Glorious Martyr who was born this day at Dunfernling in Scotland Anno Dom. 1600 and is placed in our English Rubrick Presentation of the Virgin Mary The 20th or as ours hath it the 21th of this Month is the Presentation of the Virgin Mary in the Roman Rubrick a