and great riches confessed that they had taken three Portugall prizes The Spaniards at first receiued them on good conditions but some villaines seeing their wealth murthered them for which this Auditor had sentenced Roderigo de Fuentes with others as his Letter to the King of Spaine importeth Now had there then beene a Virginian or Bermudan Plantation how easily might they haue attained thither the Boat at least and escaped that butchery I could hither adde instructions from the English Indian Ships 1604. and 1608. from Captaine Fenton 1582. from the Earle of Cumberlands Voyages before related in the yeares 86. 89. 91. 93. 96. 97. and from Master Candish Master Dauis and others But we haue made too long a Virginian Voyage hauing no better freight then Arguments which the Times doe now promise if not worthy wise mens approbation yet good mens indulgence where in a weake body and manifold weighty imployments the willingnesse of a heart truely English sincerely Christian may seeme tolerable if not commendable pardonable if not plausible Another labour remaines to set downe rules and proiects of best fecibility and accomplishing this noble worke but I am onely a Freeman no Councellour of that Plantation and haue neither Lands there nor other aduenture therein but this of my loue and credit which with the allegiance to my Soueraigne and desire of the publike good of this Kingdome is more to me then all the treasures of America I seeke the good and not the goods of England and Virginia I follow the hand of God which haue giuen England so many rights in Virginia right naturall right nationall right by first discouery by accepted trade by possession surrendred voluntarily continued constantly right by gift by birth by bargaine and sale by cession by forfeiture in that late damnable trechery and massacre and the fatal possession taken by so many murthered English Gods bounty before his iustice now hath giuen vs Virginia that we should so in iudgement remember mercy as to giue Virginia againe to God in Christian acknowledgement of his goodnesse and mercy of his word and workes and in our owne more serious conuersion to prepare that of Virginia God goeth before vs in making this designe honorable to Religion to Humanity to our Ancestors to our King to our Kingdome God goeth before vs and hath giuen Virginia so rich a portion to allure and assure our loues in multiplying our people and thereby our necessities enforcing a vent in endowing Virginia with so large a iointure so temperate so commodious for the climate compared with other Countries beyond other Countries in her own diuersified Lands Seas Riuers in so fertile a soyle in so strong sweete stately delicate Woods and Timbers in her naturall hopes of Wines of Silkes of the bodies of Natiues seruile and seruiceable in Drugges Irons and probability also of other Mines in all materials for Shipping and other buildings God goeth before vs in offering that meane to saue that which wee seeke and spend in other perhaps enemies Countries to breede vp Marriners to train vp Souldiers to exercise labourers by transportation of English and Europaean creatures to plant another England in America enriched with the best things of Europe to giue vs Fish Tobacco and other present improuements as earnest of future better hopes and that in these times which haue so manifold necessities thereof in regard of monies men and trades decayed in regard of neighbour plantations in the probabilities of a South-Sea glory and in the case of obtruded warre obtruding on vs absolute necessity and including and concluding euery way so manifold vse God the Father Sonne and holy Ghost which goe before vs in these things if not in miraculous fire and cloudy pillars as when Israel went to Canaan yet in the light of reason and right consequence of arguments come into vs and fillvs with the spirit of wisedome and vnderstanding the spirit of counsell and of fortitude the spirit of knowledge and the feare of the Lord I may adde the spirit of vnity and counsell that he may vouchsafe to goe with vs and we with him and after him to Uirginia Amen O Amen Be thou the Alpha and Omega of Englands Plantation in Virginia O GOD. The end of the ninth Booke ENGLISH DISCOVERIES AND PLANTATIONS IN NEW ENGLAND AND NEW-FOVND-LAND WITH THE PATENT AND VOYAGES TO NEW-SCOTLAND Relations also of the Fleets set forth by Queene Elizabeth against the Spaniards THE TENTH BOOKE CHAP. I. A briefe Relation of the Discouerie and Plantation of New-England and of sundry Accidents therein occurring from the yeere of our Lord 1607. to this present 1622. Published by the President and Councell and dedicated to the Princes Highnesse here abbreuiated WHen this Designe was first attempted some of the present Company were therein chiefly interessed who being carefull to haue the same accomplished did send to the discouery of those Northern parts a braue Gentleman Cap. Henry Challons with two of the Natiues of that Territorie the one called Maneday the other Assecomet But his misfortunes did expose him to the power of certaine strangers enemies to his proceedings so that by them his Company were seized the ships and goods confiscated and that Voyage wholly ouerthrowne This losse and vnfortunate beginning did much abate the rising courage of the first Aduenturers but immediately vpon his departure it pleased the Noble Lord Chiefe Iustice Sir Iohn Popham Knight to send out another shippe wherein Captayne Thomas Hanam went Commander and Martine Prinne of Bristow Master with all necessary supplyes for the seconding of Captayne Challons and his people who arriuing at the place appointed and not finding that Captayne there after they had made some Discouerie and found the Coasts Hauens and Harbours answerable to our desires they returned Vpon whose Relation the Lord Chiefe Iustice and we all waxed so confident of the businesse that the yeere following euery man of any worth formerly interessed in it was willing to ioyne in the charge for the sending ouer a competent number of people to lay the ground of a hopefull Plantation Hereupon Captaine Popham Captaine Rawley Gilbert and others were sent away with two ships and an hundred Landmen Ordnance and other prouisions necessary for their sustentation and defence vntill other supply might be sent In the meane-while before they could returne it pleased God to take vs from this worthy member the Lord Chiefe Iustice whose sudden death did so astonish the hearts of the most part of the Aduenturers as some grew cold and some did wholly abandon the businesse Yet Sir Francis Popham his Sonne certaine of his priuate friends and other of vs omitted not the next yeere holding on our first resolution to ioyne in sending forth a new supply which was accordingly performed But the ships arriuing there did not only bring vncomfortable newes of the death of the Lord Chiefe Iustice together with the death of Sir Iohn Gilbert the elder
should seeme vnto me alwayes a greater care and respect how to keepe themselues from all kinde of great heate the how to prouide for any store of great roste It had in it by report of them that should know best it some foure thousand and moe of very good able fighting men and sixe hundred horsemen at the least No question but that they were well furnished of all things appertaining thereunto especially so many good ships lying there and being so well stored with all manner of munition shot and powder as they were Of what wealth this towne should be I am not able to resolue the asker but as it should appeare by the great pillage by the common Souldiers and some Marriners too and by the goodly furnitures that were deâ—aced by the baser people and thereby vtterly lost and spoiled as not worth the carrying away and by the ouer great plenty of Wine Oyle Almonds Oliues Raisins Spices and other such Grocery wares that by the intemperate disorder of some of the rasher sort were knockt out and lay trampled vnder feet in euery common high way it should appeare that it was of some very mighty great wealth to the first owners though perchance not of any such great commodity to the last subduers for that I iudge that the better part was most riotously and intemperately spent and consumed The Wednesday Thursday and Friday following the Lords Generall spent in counsell about the disposing of all matters as well touching the towne and prisoners as also concerning all other matters thought meete of them in their honourable wisdomes and in all that meane while did shew such honourable bounty and mercy as is not able to be expressed For not onely the liues of euery one were spared but also there was an especiall care had that all the Religious as well men as women should be well and fauourably intreated whom freely without any manner of ransome or other molesiation they caused to be safely transported ouer to Port Saint Mary a Towne in a manner as faire as Cadiz but at that time as the case did stand certainely knowne to be of no wealth in the world and it was some sixe or seuen miles distant ouer against Cadiz in a manner as Paules is against Southwarke on the other side of the Bay in a part of Andaluzia subiect to the territorie of the Duke de Medina Sidonia Moreouer at the same instant they did appoint that worthy Knight Sir Amias Preston and some others in some conuenient Barkes to transport ouer to the said Towne safely and in good order a hundred or moe of the better sort of ancient gentlewomen and merchants wiues who were suffered to put vpon themselues some of them two yea some three suites Apparell with some conuenient quantitie of many Iewels Chaines and other ornaments belonging to their estate and degree Vpon Saturday being the six and twentieth Sir Iohn Winkfield knight was buried in honourable and warlike manner so farre forth as the circumstances of that time and place could permit At whose funerals the Nauie discharged a great part of their Ordnance in such order as was thought meete and conuenient by the Lords Generals command The seuen and twenty day being Sunday in the Abbey the diuine Seruice was had and a learned Sermon was made there by one Master Hopkins the right honourable Earle of Essex his Preacher a man of good learning and sweete vtterance and euen there the same day something before the Sermon was made these worthy Gentlemen following were Knighted by the Lord Generall And here I am to signifie by the way that two of these were Knighted three or foure daies before and some three or foure moe were Knighted after that time vpon certaine occasions but yet I hold it best and I trust without offence to recite their names in this place altogether SIr Samuel Bagnal Sir Arthur Sauage The Earle of Sussex The Lord Harbert The Lord Burke Count Lodowick Sir William Howard Sir George D'Eureux Sir Henry Neuel Sir Edmund Rich. Sir Richard Leuen Sir Peter Egomort Sir Anthonie Ashley Sir Henry Leonard Sir Richard Leuison Sir Horatio Vere Sir Arthur Throckmorton Sir Miles Corbet Sir Edward Conway Sir Oliuer Lambert Sir Anthony Cooke Sir Iohn Townesend Sir Christopher Heydon Sir Francis Popham Sir Philip Woodhouse Sir Alexander Clifford Sir Maurice Barkley Sir Charles Blunt Sir George Gifford Sir Robert Crosse. Sir Iames Escudamor Sir Urias Leigh Sir Iohn Leigh alias Lee. Sir Richard Weston Sir Richard Waâ—â—man Sir Iames Wootton Sir Richard Ruddal Sir Robert Mansfield Sir William Mounson Sir Iohn Bowles Sir Edward Bowes Sir Humfrey Druel Sir Amias Preston Sir Robert Remington Sir Iohn Buck. Sir Iohn Morgan Sir Iohn Aldridg Sir Iohn Asshindon Sir Mathew Browne Sir Iohn Acton Sir Thomas Gates Sir Gilly Mericke Sir Thomas Smith Sir William Pooley Sir Thomas Palmer Sir Iohn Stafford Sir Robert Louel Sir Iohn Gylbert Sir William Haruie Sir Iohn Gray Don Christ. Prince of Portugall Sir Iohn Vanderfoord Admirall of the Hollanders Sir Robert Dudley 8. August Being in Cadiz attending vpon my most honorable good Lord I talked with certaine of the Religious men such as I found learned whereof indeede there were some though not very many I talked also with the Bishop of Cusco there a graue aged comely man and being of late chosen to that Bishopricke he was as then to haue gone to the Indies had not we then taken him prisoner and so staied his iourney for that time It pleased the Lords generall to deale exceeding fauourably with this said Bishop of Cusco for it was their good pleasure to giue him his free passage without any ransome and therewithall to let him to vnderstand that they came not to deale with Church-men or vnarmed men or with men of peace weaklings and children neither was it any part of their meaning to make such a voyage for gold siluer or any other their wealth and riches c. But that their onely comming was to meet with their dishonorable practises and manifold iniuries and to deale with men of war and valour for the defence of the true honour of England and to let them to vnderstand that whensoeuer they attempted any base-conceited and dishonorable practise to their soueraigne Queen their Mistresse that it should be reuenged to the vttermost c. In this meane space while the Lords generall continued at Cadiz there came to them certaine poore wretched Turks to the number of eight and thirty that had bin a long time gally-slaues and either at the very time of the fight by Sea or else immediately thereupon taking the opportunity did then make their escape and did swim to land yeelding themselues to the mercy of their most honorable Lordships It pleased them with all speede to apparell them and to furnish them with mony and all other necessaries and to bestow on them a Barke and a Pilot to see them freely and safely conueied into
setling of these Officers thought vpon was to aduise with his Counsell for the obtaining of such prouisions of victuals for store and quality as the Countrey afforded It did not appeare that any kinde of Flesh Deere or what else of that kinde could be recouered from the Indian or to be sought in the Countrey by the trauaile or search of his people and the old dwellers in the Fort together with the Indians not to friend who had the last winter destroyed and killed vp all the Hogges insomuch as of fiue or sixe hundred as it is supposed there was not one left aliue nor an Henne nor Chicke in the Fort and our Horses and Mares they had eaten with the first and the prouision which the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall had brought concerning any kinde of flesh was little or nothing in respect it was not drempt of by the Aduenturers in England that the Swine were destroyed In Counsell therefore the thirteenth of Iune it pleased Sir George Summers Knight Admirall to propose a Voyage which for the better reliefe and good of the Colony he would performe into the Bermudas from whence he would fetch six moneths prouision of Flesh and Fish and some liue Hogges to store our Colony againe and had a Commission giuen vnto him the fifteenth of Iune 1610. who in his owne Bermuda Pinnace the Patience consorted with Captaine Samuell Argoll in the Discouery whom the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall made of the counsell before his departure the nineteenth of Iune fell with the Tyde from before our Towne and the twenty two left the Bay or Cape Henry a sterne And likewise because at the Lord Gouernous and Captaine Generals first comming there was found in our owne Riuer no store of Fish after many trials the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall dispatched in the Uirginia with instructions the seuenteenth of Iune 1610. Robert Tyndall Master of the De la Warre to fish vnto all along and betweene Cape Henry and Cape Charles within the Bay who the last of the said moneth returned vnto vs againe but as ill speeding as the former whom our Gouernour now Lieutenant Generall had addressed thither before for the same purpose Nor was the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall in the meane while idle at the Fort but euery day and night hee caused the Nets to be hawled sometimes a dosen times one after another But it pleased not God so to blesse our labours that we did at any time take one quarter so much as would giue vnto our people one pound at a meale a peece by which we might haue better husbanded our Pease and Oate meale notwithstanding the great store we now saw daily in our Riuer but let the blame of this lye where it is both vpon our Nets and the vnskilfulnesse of our men to lay them The sixth of Iuly Sir Thomas Gates Lieutenant Generall comming downe to Point Comfort the North wind blowing rough he found had forced the long Boate belonging to Algernoone Fort to the other shoare vpon Nansamund side somewhat short of Weroscoick which to recouer againe one of the Lieutenant Generals men Humfrey Blunt in an old Canow made ouer but the wind driuing him vpon the Strand certaine Indians watching the occasion seised the poore fellow and led him vp into the Woods and sacrificed him It did not a little trouble the Lieutenant Gouernour who since his first landing in the Countrey how iustly soeuer prouoked would not by any meanes be wrought to a violent proceeding against them for all the practises of villany with which they daily indangered our men thinking it possible by a more tractable course to winne them to a better condition but now being startled by this he well perceiued how little a faire and noble intreatie workes vpon a barbarous disposition and therefore in some measure purposed to be reuenged The ninth of Iuly he prepared his forces and early in the morning set vpon a Towne of theirs some foure miles from Algernoone Fort called Kecoughtan and had soone taken it without losse or hurt of any of his men The Gouernour and his women fled the young King Powhatans Sonne not being there but left his poore baggage and treasure to the spoyle of our Souldiers which was only a few Baskets of old Wheate and some other of Pease and Beanes a little Tobacco and some few womens Girdles of Silke of the Grasse-silke not without art and much neatnesse finely wrought of which I haue sent diuers into England beeing at the taking of the Towne and would haue sent your Ladiship some of them had they beene a Present so worthy We purposed to set a Frenchman heere a worke to plant Vines which grew naturally in great plentie Some few Corne fields it hath and the Corne in good forwardnesse and wee despaire not but to bee able if our men stand in health to make it good against the Indian The continuall practises of the subtle King Powhatan doth not meanely awaken all the powers and workings of vertue and knowledge in our Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall how to preuent not only his mischiefes but to draw him vpon some better termes and acknowledgemen of our forces and spirits both able and daring to quit him in any valiant and martiall course whatsoeuer he shall dare to runne with vs which hee doth yet scarsly beleeue For this therfore since first and that so lately he hath set on his people to attempt vs with priuate Conspiracies and actuall violence into the one drawing his Neighbour Confederates and vnder Princes and by the other working the losse and death of diuers of our men and by such their losse seising their Armes Swords Peeces c. of which he hath gathered into his store a great quantitie and number by Intelligence aboue two hundred Swords besides Axes and Pollaxes Chissels Howes to paire and clense their ground with an infinite treasure of Copper our Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall sent two Gentlemen with an Ambassie vnto him letting him to vnderstand of his practises and outrage hitherto vsed toward our people not only abroad but at our Fort also yet flattering him withall how the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall did not suppose that these mischiefes were contriued by him or with his knowledge but conceiued them rather to be the acts of his worst and vnruly people his Lordship therefore now complayning vnto him required that hee being so great and wise a King would giue an vniuersall order to his Subiects that it might bee no more so lest the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall should be compelled by defending him and his to offend him which he would be loath to do withall he willed the Messengers to demand of him the said Powhatan that he would either punish or send vnto his Lordship such of his people whom Powhatan knew well not long before had assaulted our men at the Block-house and but newly killed foure of them as also
him thriee discouered called in the Latitude of 43. derees 20. minutes were imployed for a farther discouery of these Coasts And if any good occasion were offered to leaue as many men as wee could spare in the Country Being victualled for eleuen or twelue moneths at the charges of the Honourable Sir Iohn Popham Knight Lord chiefe Iustice of England Sir Fardinando Gorges Knight Captaine of the Fort of Plimouth together with diuers other worshipfull Knights Gentlemen and Merchants of the West Countrye Iohn Stoneman of Plimouth being Pilot who had beene in the foresaid parts of Virginia the yeere before with George Waymouth The Masters name was Nicholas Hine of Cockington neere Dartmouth The last day of August wee fell with the I le of Madera where we watered and refreshed our selues and stayed three dayes being very kindly vsed by the Inhabitants The third day of September wee departed from thence passing betweene Gomora and Palma two of the Canary Iles and from thence were driuen by contrary winds to take a more Southerly course then we intended and so spent more then sixe weekes before wee could recouer any of the Ant-Iles The first that wee could recouer was the I le of Saint Lucia in the Latitude of 14. degrees 20. minutes where we refreshed our selues with Wood and Water And saw certaine of the Sauages there about fortie or fiftie came vnto vs at our Ship in one of their Cannoas bringing vnto vs Tobacco Potatos Plantins and Cassaui Bread the which Sauages had slaine more then fortie of our Nation the yeere before 1605. as after wee vnderstood by Philip Glasco and Miles Pett being two of Captaine Nicholas Saint Iohns company which was there treacherously slaine among the rest Hauing stayed heare three dayes about the two and twentieth of October we departed thence to the Northward And in passing by the I le of Dominica wee chanced to see a white Flag put forth on the shoare whereat maruelling wee supposed that some Christians had sustained shipwrack their And forthwith a Cannoa came off from the shoare towards vs which when they came neere being very little wind we layed our Ship by the lee and stayed for them a little and when they were come within a little distance of the Ship wee perceiued in the Cannoa a Friar who cried aloud in the Latine tongue saying I beseech as you are Christians for Christ his sake to shew some mercy and compassion on mee I am a Preacher of the Word of God a Friar of the Order of Franciscus in Siuill by name Friar Blasius And that hee had beene there sixteene moneths a Slaue vnto those Sauages and that other two Friars which were of his company they had murthered and throwne into the Sea We demanded of him then how he got so much fauour to preserue his life his Brethren being murthered Hee answered because hee did shew the Sauages how to fit them Sayles for their Cannoas and so to ease them of much labour often in rowing which greatly pleased the Sauages as appeared for wee saw them to vse sayles in their Cannoas which hath not beene seene before Then we demanded of him where they had this Linnen Cloth to make those Sayles hee answered That about two yeeres before that three Gallions comming to the West Indies were cast away on the I le of Gwadalopa where abundance of Linnen Cloth and other Merchandise was cast on shoare We demanded farther what was the cause of his being in this place and how he came thither he answered That the King of Spaine did euery yeere send out of euery great Monastery certaine Friars into the remote parts of the Indies both to seeke to conuert the Sauages as also to seeke out what benefits or commodities might be had in those parts and also of what force the Sauages were of and what number of them were in the seuen Ant-Iles viz. Saint Vincent Granado Saint Lucia Mattalina Dominica Gwadalopa Aisey The which the said Friar Blaseus said he had diligently noted and obserued and did hope to make perfect relation of such great benefits and riches as was to be drawne from thence as he doubted not but would bee greatly accepted of his King if hee might liue to returne to declare it For said hee I haue seene in one Riuer discending from the Mountaines in the I le of Dominica the Sand to glitter like Gold or find Copper whereupon I tooke some of it and chewed it betweene my teeth and found it perfect Mettall the Sauages noting me began to haue some iealousie of me so as I durst not take any farther notice of it neither would they suffer him forward to come neere to that place And farther hee said That if the great plentie of diuers Fruits and Roots fit for mans sustenance were perfectly knowne together with the Sugar-canes that they haue in those Iles and the fertilitie of the soyle he thought it would be very shortly inhabited and as for the number of Sauages there as neere as we could vnderstand was scarce one thousand of all sorts of men women and children in all the said seuen Iles. Now being moued with pittie at the lamentable complaint and humble suit of this distressed Friar wee tooke him into our Ship and sent away the Sauages much discontented And from thence wee sayled to the I le of Saint Iohn De-port-rico where on the nine and twentieth of October wee arriued on the Southside and forthwith sent the Friar on shoare and deliuered him to two Heardsmen which most thankfully receiued him and of their courtesie brought vs a fat Cow and proferred vs more with Hogs Calues or any thing else that they could procure vs in recompence of the good deed done to the Friar Wee departed from thence and sayled out betweene the Iles of Saint Iohn De-portrico and Hispaniola standing away to the Northward And leauing the great shoalds called Abrioio on our Larboord side being in the Latitude of 21. and 22. degrees from thence Westward our course North North-west and North-west and by North vntill wee were in the Latitude of 27. degrees or better and about one hundred and eightie leagues from Saint Iohn de Port Rico. In this place hauing had a very great storme of Wind and Raine continuing fiftie sixe houres and more before on the tenth day of Nouember about ten of the clocke in the morning suddenly we found our selues in the middest of a Fleet of eight Sayle of ships in a very thicke fogge of mist and raine so as we could not see them before they were very neere and within shot of them wherein three of them were on the wind-ward of vs on a third and fourth more to lee-ward those at the wind-ward came to me vnto vs and shot at vs requiring vs to speake with their Admirall When we saw that by no meanes we could auoid them but that they would speake with vs we put
of Codfish it is well knowne vnto you Salmons Eeles Mackarell Herrings Lance Caplin Dog fish Hollibuts Flowkes Lobsters Crabs and Muskles All and more then all these are here in great plentie very good and sweet meat The wild fruit and berries are small Peares Cherries Nuts Resberries Strawberries Barberries Dewberrics Hurtleberries with others all good to eate Many faire Flowers I haue seene here which I cannot name although I had learned Gerrards Herball by heart But wild Roses are here both red and damaske as fragrant and faire as in England All our Corne and Seedes haue prospered well and are already growne almost to perfect maturitie c. THE SECOND PART OF THE TENTH BOOKE CHAP. X. Diuers Warlike Fleets set forth to Sea against the Spaniards by our English DEBORA Queene ELIZABETH of Glorious memory Her manifold Deliueries and Victories LOI the Man whose Mâ—se 〈…〉 s'd on Plantations New England Virgin Bermude Newfound-landed Lawrell for oliue take and make Relations Of Armes Harmes Fights Frights Flights Depopulations Romes Buls Spaines broyles Irelands 〈◊〉 Traitors branded GOD Angels Winds Seas Men Elizas Glory Conspire Shee outlines Death â—n Heauen in Story HAile greatest of English Names Glorious ELIZABETH Nor may wee after thy voyage and peregrination out of this World vnto thy true and heauenly home Country forget the great Acts of thy earthly Pilgrimage Thou wast indeed the Mother of English Sea-greatnesse and didst first by thy Generalls not salute alone but awe and trrrifie the remotest East and West stretching thy long and strong armes to India to China to America to the Peruvian Seas to the Californian Coast and New Albions Scepters Thou mad'st the Northerne Muscouite admire thy Greatnesse Thou gauest name to the North-west Straits Meta Incognita and the Southern Negros and Ilands of the South-vnknowne-continent which knew not humanitie were compelled to know Thee Thou imbracedst the whole earthly Globe in thy Maritime Armes thou freedst England from Easterlings and Lumbards borrowed legs and taughtst her not onely to stand and goe without helpe but become helpe to our friends and with her own Sea forces to stand against yea to stand vpon and stampe vnder feet the proudest of her foes Thou wast a Mother to thy Neighbours Scots French Dutch a Mirrour to the remotest of Nations Great Cumberland twelue voyages before recited are thine and the fiery vigor of his Martiall Spirit was kindled at thy bright Lamp quickened by the Great Spirit of ELIZABETH Drake Candish Iohn and Richard Hawkins Raleigh Dudley Sherley Preston Greenuile Lancaster Wood Raimund Leuison Monson Winter Frobisher Daâ—â—es and other the Star-worthies of Englands Sphere whose Planet-courses we haue before related acknowledge ELIZAS Orb to be their First and highest Mouer How many Royall Fleets did shee set forth In the yeeres 85. and 87. those vnder Sir Francis Drake before mentioned as that also in 95. vnder him and Sir Iohn Hawkins another Fleet 1590. vnder Sir Iohn Hawkins and Sir Martin Frobisher to the Ilands also 1591. the Iland Fleet vnder the Lord Thomas Howard now Earle of Suffolke that 1592. by Sir Iohn Burroughs and Sir Robert Crosse when the Madre de Dios was taken and another Carrike burnt An. 1594. Shee sent forth a Fleet to Brest where Frobusher was slaine Another 1599. vnder the Lord Thomas Howard A. 1600. vnder Sir Richard Leuison a Fleet to the Ilands 1601. another to Ireland A. 1602. vnder Sir Richard Leuison and Sir William Manson and another vnder the same Commanders 1603. as bequeathing in her fatall extreames Marine Actions and Glory to her Successour These and other her Sea-glories I purpose not here to dilate hauing already handled some of them but haue singled from the rest the actions of 88. 89. 96. and 97. praemising somthing as a Preface of the great deliuerances which God vouch safed that Virgin Queen That Church which is mystically called The woman drunken with the bloud of Saints had begun to persecute her from her birth Pope Clement the sixt decreeing against her Mothers mariage and Pope Paul the third thundring a terrible sentence against her Fathers Soueraigntie And although King Henry had first enacted against his daughters and after for them by Parliamentary authoritie yet when King Edward which vsed to call her his sweet sister Temperance was dead there wanted not some which extruded both the sisters and obtruded another succession Queene Mary dispersing that storme raised another wherein shee was exposed to the columnies of fairesoule-mouthed sycophants which would haue stained the reigne of that Queene otherwise branded as short bloudy vnfortunate with the slaughter of that Royall Virgin Story and others saying That in vaine the boughs of Heresie were lopped off if the Root were suffered to continue Long and straight imprisonment shee indâ—red and was forced by them to Masse Confession and externall profession of that Romish Catholiâ—â—sme which perhaps had not diuerted her enemies designe had not the peruersâ—st of her enemies Gardiner beene auerted by his owne death and had not also King Philip with the Spaniards enuied to the French so rich an Inheritance as by Queene M 〈…〉 death without â—ssue which could scarsly from her sicke and aged body be expect was likely to fall vpon Queene Mary of Scotland betrothed to the Dolphin of France whereby the Spanish greatnesse already embroyled enough was likely to bee ouermatched by the French increased with addition of three mightie Kingdomes Queene Mary dying and Cardinall Poole with many Prelates as it were attending her exequies with their owne with generall applause Shee was acknowledged Queen Her first care was to restore Religion notwithstanding the dangers thence incompassing her shee also reiected the mariage with King Philip whereof hee had treated with her by the Earle of Feria his Embassadour promising to procure thereunto the Popes dispensation neither admitted shee the offered match of Charles sonne to Ferdinand the Emperour and when Henry the French King by the Guisians was perswaded to challenge England to his sonne and daughter in law causing them to vse her title Francis Mary by the Grace of God King and Queene of Scotland England and Ireland and prepared Warres against her God tooke him out of the world being s 〈…〉 e at a Talt sport The new King and Queene continued their former challenge Title and Ensignes which gaue no small occasions of those euills which afterwards inuolued her breeding a great d 〈…〉 gust betwixt those two greatest Ladies which Christendome had both Heires to an absolute Souereigntie Shee expelled the French out of Scotland stablished the affaires of Ireland procured armour and weapons out of Germany caused much Artillery to bee cast of Brasse and Iron new Mynes of Brasse being sound at Keswicke and the stone Calammaris vsefull for Brasse-workes found here also prouision for Gunpowder was first at her commandement made here at home Barwicke fortified the Nauie furnished the Sea Townes imitating her example and increasing
Armie led by the Illustrious and victorious Prince Alexander Farnesius Duke of Parma and Deputie of the Catholike King with all the forces they can gather that they may assist the said depriuation and punishment of the parties afore said and the restitution of the holy Catholike Religion declaring that all which shall show themselues disobedient to this Mandate shall not escape deserued punishments Be it knowne further to all men that it is not the purpose of his Holinesse the Catholike King or the said Dukes Highnesse in this Expedition to oppresse the said Kingdomes or thereof to make conquest or to alter the Lawes Priuiledges or Customes thereof or to depriue any man there of his libertie or life except the rebellious and contumacious or to bring any change besides that which shall be iudged fit by common voyces of his Holinesse the Catholike Maiesty and the States of that Kingdome to the restoring and continuing of the Catholike Religion and the punishment of that Usurper and her adherents Certifying and securing all that all controuersies which may happen by the depriuation of that Woman whether they shall arise about priuate mens affaires or about the Royall Succession or betwixt the Clergy and Laity or whatsoeuer other discords they shall be all compounded and decided according to the Lawes Iustice and Christian equitie without any iniury or damage Neither shall it onely bee prouided conueniently that the Catholikes which haue suffered so many euills be not spoyled but fauour is also granted to all others which being penitent shall submit themselues vnto the Chiefe Commander of the Army And whereas by due information made wee are giuen to vnderstand that there are many innocents which through ignorance of Christian Faith hauing falne haue hitherto erred onely of ignorance being neuerthelesse reckoned amongst Heretikes wee purpose not at all to punish such persons but to inâ—ure patiently till by conference of learned men and good sound counsells they may be better instructed touching the truth and not shew themselues obstinate but desirous to preuent the effusion of Christian bloud and destruction of Countries which may be expected by the resistance of some wicked principall aduersaries Therefore by these Presents wee declare that it is not onely lawfull for all as well publike as priuate persons besides those which haue vndertaken this Expedition to lay band on the said Vsurper and other her adherents to take them and deliuer them to the Catholike side but also this deed shall bee esteemed of vs for a faithfull and singular seruice and shall be recompenced with very great rewards according to the qualitie of the persons taken or betrayed All others also which heretofore haue giuen ayde or shall hereafter assist to the punishment of the euill and the restitution of Catholike Religion in those Kingdomes shall receiue their reward and recompence increased by vs in Dignities and Honours as their good and faithfull seruice to the Common-wealth shall desire Wherein as much as may be care shall be had that reckoning and respect be holden of the antient and honourable Houses and Stockes of the said Kingdomes Lastly free accesse and safe conduct by these Presents is granted to all men which will ioyne themselues to the Catholike Armie and will bring thereto prouision furniture of warre and other necessaries full and liberall satisfaction is promised for all things which for the seruice and commoditie of the said Armie shall be supplied by them And all are admonished and plainly commanded that they doe their vtmost indeuour and diligence that by their meanes cause may bee remoued of vsing force in punishing those which shall neglect this Precept Further more the Holy Father in his fatherly loue and singular affection to this Expedition out of the Spirituall Treasure of the holy Church which is committed to his custody and dispensation doth liberally grant plenary Indulgences and remission of Sins to all those which shall bring any aid or fauour to the depriuation and punishing of the said persons and the reformation of both Kingdomes to wit after due penance Contrition and Confession had according to the Lawes of God and Men and the receiued custome amongst Christians NOw that all might bee carried more closely and that this Expedition might seeme made against the Low-countries rather then the English a solemne meeting was appointed first neer Ostend after at Bronckburg in Flanders for a treaty of peace with the Queene of England Henry Earle of Derby the Lord Cobham Sir Iames Croft D. Dale D. Rogers were sent Richardot plainly said that he knew not what might be put in practise in the meane time against England But the Prince and he being demanded if their were any enterprise of inuading England they vtterly denied any thoughts therof Count Aremberg Campignie Richardot Maes Garnier were the Princes Delegates and professed that they had sufficient Commission for treaty of peace First a truce was propounded by the English and by them â—eâ—â—ed Then the English required that the ancient leagues betwixt the Kings of England and the House of Burgundy might be renewed and confirmed that the Low-countrimen might iniov their priuiledges and libertie of conscience that Spaniards and forraine forces might be remoued that neither they nor their neighbours should haue cause to feare and then the Queene would redeliuer her foure Cautionary Townes They whiled them with such answere as suted to their purposes and long adoe was made in weauing and vnweauing Penelopes web till the Spanish Armada was vpon the Coast and the very Ordnance proclaimed in their eares a surcease from further illusions Then did Parma dismisse them pulled off his Visor vncasing the Fox and truly appearing in the Lions skin But let vs now come to take view of this Fleet and the preparations made for it The King of Spaine hauing with small fruit aboue twenty yeeres together waged warre against the Netherlands after deliberation with his Counsellours thereabout thought it most conuenient to assault them once again by Sea which had bin attempted sundry times heretofore but not with forces sufficient Vnto the which expedition it stood him now in hand to ioine great puissance as hauing the English people his professed enemies whose Iland is so situate that it may either greatly helpe or hinder all such as faile into those parts For which cause he thought good first of all to inuade England being perswaded by his Secretary Escouedo and by diuers other well experienced Spaniards and Dutchmen and by many English fugitiues that the conquest of that Iland was lesse difficult then the conquest of Holland and Zealand Moreouer the Spaniards were of opinion that it would be farre more behoouefull for their King to conquer England and the Low countries all at once then to bee constrained continually to maintaine a warlike Nauie to defend his East and West Indie Fleets from the English Drake and from such like valiant enemies And for the same purpose the King
by reason they had so frankly spent the greater part in the former conflicts The same day a Counsell being assembled it was decreed that the English Fleete should be deuided into foure squadrons the principall whereof was committed vnto the Lord Admirall the second to Sir Francis Drake the third to Captaine Hawkins the fourth to Captaine Frobisher The Spaniards in their sailing obserued very diligent and good order sailing three and foure and sometimes more ships in a ranke and following close vp one after another and the stronger and greater ships protecting the lesser The fiue and twenty of Iuly when the Spaniards were come ouer-against the Isle of Wight the Lord admirall of England being accompanied with his best ships namely the Lion Captaine whereof was the Lord Thomas Howard The Elizabeth Ionas vnder the command of Sir Robert Southwell son in law vnto the Lord Admirall the Beare vnder the Lord Sheffield Nephew vnto the Lord Admirall the Victorie vnder Captaine Barker and the Galeon Leicester vnder the forenamed Captain George Fenner with great valour and dreadfull thunder of shot encountered the Spanish Admirall being in the very midst of all his Fleete Which when the Spaniards perceiued being assisted with his strongest ships he came forth and entered a terrible combat with the English for they bestowed each on other the broad sides and mutually discharged all their Ordnance being within one hundred or an hundred and twenty yards one of another At length the Spaniards hoised vp their failes and againe gathered themselues vp close into the forme of a roundell In the meane while Captaine Frobisher had engaged himselfe into a most dangerous conflict Whereupon the Lord Admirall comming to succour him found that hee had valiantly and discreetly behaued himselfe and that he had wisely and in good time giuen ouer the fight because that after so great a batterie he had sustained no damage For which cause the day following being the sixe and twenty of Ioly the Lord Admirall rewarded him with the order of Knighthood together with the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Sheffield Master Iohn Hawkins and others The same day the Lord Admirall receiued intelligence from New-hauen in France by certaine of his Pinnaces that all things were quit in France and that there was no preparation of sending aide vnto the Spaniards which was greatly feared from the Guisian faction and from the Leaguers but there was a false rumour spread all about that the Spaniards had conquered England The seuen and twentieth of Iuly the Spaniards about the sun-setting were come ouer-against Douer and rode at ancre within the sight of Caleis intending to hold on for Dunkerk expecting there to ioyne with the Duke of Parma his forces without which they were able to doe little or nothing Likewise the English Fleete following vp hard vpon them ancred iust by them within culuering-shot And here the Lord Henry Seymer vnited himselfe vnto the Lord Admirall with his fleet of 30. ships which rode before the mouth of Thames As the Spanish Nauie therefore lay at ancre the Duke of Medina sent certaine Messengers vnto the Duke of Parma with whom vpon that occasion many Noblemen and Gentlemen went to refresh themselues on land and amongst the rest the Prince of Ascoli being accounted the Kings base son and a very proper and towardly yong Gentleman to his great good went on shoare who was by so much the more fortunate in that he had not opportunity to returne on boord the same ship out of which he was departed because that in returning home it was cast away vpon the Irish coast withall the persons contained therein The Duke of Parma being aduertised of the Spanish Fleetes arriuall vpon the coast of England made all the haste hee could to be present himselfe in this expedition for the performance of his charge vainely perswading himselfe that now by the meanes of Cardinall Allen hee should be crowned King of England and for that cause he had resigned the Gouernment of the Low-Countries vnto Count Mansfeld the elder And hauing made his vowes vnto Saint Mary of Hall in Heâ—ault whom he went to visite for hisblinde deuotions sake he returned toward Bruges the eight and twenty of Iuly The next day trauelling to Dunkerk hee heard the thundring Ordnance of either Fleete and the same euening being come to Dixmud hee was giuen to vnderstand the hard successe of the Spanish Fleete Vpon tuesday which was the 13. of Iuly about high noone he came to Dunkerk when as all the Spanish Fleete was now passed by neither durst any of his ships in the meane space come forth to assist the said Spanish Fleet for feare of fiue and thirty warlike ships of Holland and Zeland which there kept watch and ward vnder the conduct of the Admirall Iustin of Nassau The foresaid fiue and thirty ships were furnished with most cunning Mariners and old expert Souldiers amongst the which were twelue hundred Musketeers whom the States had chosen out of all their Garrisons and whom they knew to haue beene heretofore experienced in Sea-fights This Nauie was giuen especially in charge not to suffer any ship to come out of the Hauen nor to permit any Zabraes Pataches or other small vessels of the Spanish Fleete which were more likely to aide the Dunkerkers to enter thereinto for the greater ships were not to be feared by reason of the shallow Sea in that place Howbeit the Prince of Parma his forces being as yet vnready were not come on boord his ships onely the English Fugitiues being seuen hundred in number vnder the conduct of Sir William Stanley came in fit time to haue beene embarked because they hoped to giue the first assault against England The residue shewed themselues vnwilling and loath to depart because they saw but a few Marriners who were by constraint drawne into this expedition and also because they had very bare prouision of Bread Drinke and other necessary victuals Moreouer the ships of Holland and Zeland stood continually in their sight threatning shot and Powder and many inconueniences vnto them for feare of which ships the Mariners and Sea-men secretly withdrew themselues both day and night least that the Duke of Parma his Souldiers should compell them by maine force to goe on boord and to breake through the Hollanders Fleete which all of them iudged to be impossible by reason of the straightnesse of the Hauen But it seemeth that the Duke of Parma and the Spaniards grounded vpon a vaine and presumptuous expectation that all the ships of England and of the Low-Countries would at the first sight of the Spanish and Dunkerk Nauie haue betaken themselues to flight yeelding them Sea-roome and endeuouring onely to defend themselues their hauens and Sea-coasts from inuasion Wherefore their intent and purpose was that the Duke of Parma in his small and flat-bottomed ships should as it were vnder the shadow and
that as throwes of a grieuous trauell they brought forth a Virgin both Truth to the Church and Queene to the State the one a fruitfull Mother to the soules the other to the wealth honour domesticke peace forraine victories and Nauall glorie of the English Nation This renowned Queene eight and thirty yeeres after vnable to alter that decree of the windes which now seemed themselues and forced Calis to become Spanish would try their windy fidelity in another expedition and prepared a strong Fleet to inuade the Spanish coast The charge whereof she committed to the Lord Robert Earle of Essex and the Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England who came vnto Plymmouth about the beginning of May 1596. being there accompanied with diuers other noble Peeres as the Earle of Sussex the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Herbert the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere the Lord Burk Don Christopher yong Prince of Portugall yong Count Lodouick of Nassaw and the Admirall of the Hollanders Sir Iohn Vanderfoord besides many other most worthy Knights and Gentlemen of great worth attending vpon this most honorable Action It pleased them there to make their aboade for the time of that moneth aswell for the new furnishing and reuictualing of her Maiesties Royall Nauie as also for the expecting of some other ships which were to come from diuers places of the Realme and were as yet wanting Before their departure from Plymmouth it pleased their Lordships to publish in Print and make knowne to all the world especially to such as it concerned and that both in the Latine French Dutch English and Spanish tongue what were the true iust and vrgent causes that at this time prouoked her Maiestie to vndertake the preparing and setting forth of this so great a Nauie namely the King of Spaines preparations against her who had before whiles hee treated of peace Anno 1588. prepared to inuade her coast and now also to that purpose daily encreased his Nauie If therefore any should furnish the Spaniard with munition and prouisions they should expect what force could doe for all others of whatsoeuer Nation they aduised them to forsake the Spanish and Portugall Ports or to ioyne with the English for their owne security they hauing no quarrell in this designe but against the Spaniard Thus then all things being in a very good order and well appointed the most holy name of our Omnipotent God being most religiously and deuoutly called vpon ' and his blessed and sacred Communion being diuers times most reuerently and publikely celebrated being furnished with one hundred and fiftie good saile of ships or thereabout In the name of the most high and euerliuing God the first day of Iune they embarked themselues weighed Ancre and hoysed vp faile and put to Sea onward their iourney from the Sownds of Plymmouth to shew her Maiesties religious intendments in this exploit I haue thought good to adde here a Prayer made by her selfe as was reported and vsed as it was fitted for that designe MOst Omnipotent maker and guide of all our worlds masse that eâ—ely searchest and fadomest the bottome of all our hearts conceits and in them seest the true originals of all our actions intended thou that by thy foresight doest truely discerne how no malice of reuenge nor quittance of iniurie nor desire of bloudshed nor greedinesse of lucre hath bred the resolution of our nâ—w set out Army but a heedefull care and wary watch that no neglect of fees nor ouer-suretie of harme might breede either danger to vs or glory to them these being the grounds wherewith thou doest enspire the minde we humbly beseech thee with bended knees prosper the worke and with best forewindes guide the iourney speede the victory and make the returne the aduancement of thy glory the triumph of their f 〈…〉 e and surety to the Realme with the least losse of the English bloud To these deuout petitions Lord giue thou thy blessed grant The ninth of the same moneth comming something neere to the North Cape in a manner in the same altitude or not much differing which was about 43. degrees and something more yet bearing so as it was impossible to be descried from the land There it pleased the Lords to call a select Councell which was alwaies done by hanging out of a Flagge of the Armes of England and shooting off a great warning peece Of this select or priuie Counsell were no moe then these The two Lords Generall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere Sir George Cary Master of the Ordnance Sir Coniers Clifford and Sir Anthony Ashley Clarke of the said Counsell And when it pleased the Lords Generall to call a common Counsell as of tentimes they did vpon weighty matters best knowne to their honours then they would cause another kinde of Flag to be hanged out which was the red Crosse of S. George and was very easie to be discerned from the other that appertained onely to the select Counsell and so often as this Flag of S. George was hanged out then came all the Masters and Captaines of all the ships whose opinions were to be demanded in such matters as appertained vnto the said select Counsell It was presently concluded that our course in sailing should forthwith be altered and that we should beare more into the West for some purposes to them best knowne At that instant many Letters of instructions were addressed and sent to euery particular Master and Captaine of the Ships What the contents of those Letters of instructions were it was not as yet knowne vnto any neither was it held meete to be enquired or knowne of any of vs. But vnder the titles and superscriptions of euery mans particuler Letter these words were endorsed Open not these Letters on paine of your liues vnlesse wee chance to be scattered by tempest and in that case open them and execute the contents thereof but if by mishap you fall into your enemies hand then in any case cast them into the Sea sealed as they are It should seeme that these Letters did containe in them the principall place and meaning of this entended action which was hitherto by their deepe foresights kept so secret as no man to my knowledge eiâ—her did or could so much as suspect it more then themselues who had the onely managing thereof All this while our ships God be thanked kept in a most excellent good order being deuided into fiue squadrons that is to say The Earle of Essex the Lord Admirall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh and the Admirall of the Hollanders All which squadrons albeit they did euery day separate themselues of purpose by the distance of certaine leagues as well to looke out for such ships as were happily vnder saile as also for the better procuring of Sea-roome yet alwayes commonly either that day or the next day toward euening they
the towne wall possessed by the noble Earle himselfe being in all this action either the very first man or else in a manner ioined with the first The Town wals being then possessed and the English Ensigne being there displaied vpon them with all speede possible they proceeded on to march through the Towne making still their way with sword and shot so well as they could being still fought withall at euerie turne The noble Earle was seconded by the noble Lord Admirall in person who was accompanied with the noble Lord Thomas Howard the most worthy Gentleman his Sonne after Lord Howard Sir Robert Southwell Sir Richard Leuison and with diuers other Gentlemen his Lordships followers of good account his Colours being aduanced by that valiant resolute Gentleman Sir Edward Hobby Knight And thus he likewise marching with all possible speede on foote notwithstanding his Lâ—many yeeres the intolerable heate for the time and the ouertiring tedious deepe sands with other many impediments Yet in good time ioyned himselfe with the Earle and his companies and gaue them the strongest and best assistance that he could Thus then the two Lords Generall with their companies being ioined together and proceeding so farre as the market place there they were hotly encountered where and at what time that worthy famous Knight Sir Iohn Winkfield being â—ore wounded before on the thigh at the very entring of the Towne and yet for all that no whit respecting himselfe being carried away with the care he had to encourage and direct his Company was with the shot of a Musket in the head most vnfortunately slaine And thus before eight of the clocke that night were these two most noble Lords General Masters of the market place the forts and the whole Towne and all onely the Castle as yet holding out and from time to time as they could stil annoying them with seuen battering peeces By this time night began to grow on and a kinde of peace or intermission was obtained by them of the Castle to whom the Lords Generall had signified that vnlesse before the next day in the morning they would absolutely render themselues they should looke for no mercie but should euery one be put to the sword vpon which message they tooke deliberation that night but in the morning before breake of day they hanged out their flag of truce and so without any further composition did yeelde themselues absolutely to their mercie and deliuered vp the Castle And yet notwithstanding all this in the night time while they had this respite to pause and deliberate about the peacemaking there were diuers great and sodaine alarms giuen which did breede some great outrages and disorder in the Towne At euery which alaram the two Lords Generall shewed themselues marueilous ready and forward These things being done and this surrender being made present Proclamation was published that the fury now being past all men should surcease from all manner of bloud and cruell dealing and that there should no kinde of violence or hard vsage be offered to any either man woman or childe vpon paine of death permitting the spoyle of so much of the Towne as was by them thought meete to the common souldiers for some certaine daies This honorable and mercifull Edict I am sure was streightly and religiously obserued of the English but how well it was kept by the Dutch I will neither affirme nor yet denie For I perceiue betweene them and the Spaniards there is an implacable hartburning and therefore as soone as the Dutch squadron was espied in the fight immediately thereupon both they of Siuil and Saint Lucar and also some of some other places did not onely arrest all such Dutch ships as dealt with them friendly by the way of trafficke and merchandise and so confiscated their goods but also imprisoned the Merchants and owners of the same and as the report goeth did intreat many of them with extreame cruelty thereupon In the meane while the very next day being the two and twentie day of Iune all the Spanish ships which were left on ground in the Bay of Cadiz where the great ouerthrow had beene but the day before were by the Spaniards themselues there set on fire and so from that time forward they neuer left burning of them till euery one of them goods and all as far as we know were burnt and consumed This their doing was much maruelled at of vs. Not long after the same time three dayes as I remember the gallies that were run on ground did quit themselues also out of that place and by the Bridge of the Iland called Puente de Suaço made their way round about the same Iland and so by putting themselues to the maine Sea escaped to a towne called Rotta not farre off but something vp towards the towne of Saint Lucars and there purchased their safety by that meanes Thus was this notable victory as well by Sea as by Land both begun and in effect performed within the compasse in a manner of foureteene houres a thing in truth so strange and admirable as in my iudgement will rather be wondred at then beleeued of posteritie And if euer any notable exploit in any age was comparable to Caesars Ueni Vidi Vici certainly in my poore opinion it was this The Towne of it selfe was a very beautifull towne and a large as being the chiefe See of the Bishop there and hauing a good Cathedrall Church in it with a right goodly Abbey a Nunnery and an exceeding fine Colledge of the Iesuites and was by naturall situation as also by very good fortification very strong and tenable enough in all mens opinions of the better iudgement Their building was all of a kinde of hard stone euen from the very foundation to the top and euery house was in a manner a kinde of a Fort or Castle altogether flat-roofed in the top after the Turkish manner so that many men together and that at ease might walke thereon hauing vpon the house top great heapes of weighty stones piled vp in such good order as they were ready to be throwne downe by euery woman most easily vpon such as passed by and the streetes for the most part so exceeding narrow I think to auoide the intollerable great heat of the Sun as but two men or three at the most together can in any reasonable sort march thorow them no streete being broader commonly then I suppose Watling streete in London to be The towne is altogether without glasse excepting the Churches yet with faire comely windowes and with faire grates of Iron to them and haue very large folding leaues of wainscot or the like It hath very few Chimnies in it or almost none at all it may be some one chimney in some one or other of the lower out-roomes of least account seruing for some necessary vses either to wash in or the like or else now and then perchance for the dressing of a dish of meate hauing as it
seuen miles in circuit at the foot fashioned it is vpward like an Hiue and the top therof most commonly to be discerned within and aboue the clouds This Mountaine hath in it by report many great hollow Caues and deepe Vaults and it is credibly reported that oftentimes it breathes out flames and sparkes of fire as doth the Mountaine Aetna Also at the bottome of this Mountain towards the East there is a great Spring of Fresh-water which is seen many times to issue out flakes and stones of fire with great violence and of the number and bignesse of the stones that are throwne out by the force and source of this Spring and what huge workes they make of the multitudes of them they confidently doe tell strange wonders which I will neither affirme nor deny but leaue indifferent to credit as men list Fayall is so called of Faya which in the Portugues signifieth a Beech Tree wherewith that Iland is said to abound But yet I saw there more store of Iuniper and Cedar then of any other Wood or Timber For Aire and Soyle it is as pleasant and fruitfull as any of the other Ilands and in it are some fiue Townes with many pretie Villages and in this Iland there are yet remaining certaine families of the Flemish race Gratiosa is so called of the exceeding fruitfulnesse of the Soyle and pleasant temper of the Ayre Flores of the abundance of Flowers that grow in it Cueruo of the multitude of Rauens and Crowes breeding therein And that Iland doth also breed Horses Saint Maries Saint Georges and Saint Michaels were so called of those Saints names vpon whose dayes they were first discouered for such is the custome of many Nauigators and especially of the Spaniards and Portugues so to call those Landes that they first make by the Saints day and name wherein they are discouered And these three Ilands for temper and fruitfulnesse are suteable with the others But Saint Michael is the greatest of them all Tercera the strongest and Saint Maries the neerest to the Coast of Spaine But now as wee come neerer to our intended purpose for the better vnderstanding thereof I thinke it very necessary and pertinent somewhat to speake of the chiefe Commanders as well by Sea as by Land and also of the number of our Ships and Souldiers together with the proiect and designe of that iourney then vndertaken for the seruice of her late Maiestie and the Honour of our Nation It is therefore to be vnderstood that Robert Deuereux late Earle of Essex Master of the Horse and Ordnance and Knight of the Garter First commanded in chiefe as well Admirall of the Nauie by Sea as Generall of the Armie by Land His Vice-Admirall was the Lord Thomas Howard Knight of the same Order and second Sonne to the last Thomas Duke of Norfolke a Nobleman much honoured and beloued and of great experience in Sea seruice His Reare-Admirall was Sir Walter Raleigh Knight Captaine of her Maiesties Guard Lord Warden of the Stanneries and Lieftenant of Cornwall For the Land seruice his Leiftenant Generall was Sir Charles Blunt Lord Mountioy Knight of the Garter Gouernour of Portsmouth and a man in high fauour with her late Maiestie His Marshall of the Field was Sir Frauncis Vere Knight a great Souldier and Coronell Generall of the English Forces in the Low-Countries The Master of the Ordnance Sir George Carew Knight Leiftenant of the Ordnance of the Kingdome of England His Sergeant Maior Sir Ferdinando Gorges Knight Gouernour of the Forts of Plimouth The Coronell Generall of the Foot Sir Christopher Blunt Knight The Treasurer of the Armie Sir Hugh Biston Knight one of her Maiesties Receiuers Generall in the Principalities of Walles with all other Officers designed to places requisite that were needful by Land or Sea now too long to rehearse And yet of all the Noblemen I will as neere as I can record their names particularly but craue pardon if I faile in the precedencie of their places The Earles of Essex Rutland and Southampton the Lord Howard the Lord Audley the Lord Gray the Lord Mountioy the Lord Rich and the Lord Cromwell But the particular names of all the Land Captains that had charge I could neuer come to the knowledge of much lesse can I marshall them orderly in this discourse And therefore I will passe to the number of the Ships in generall and therein name some particulars of the chiefe and principall Vessells of the Royall Nauie with their Captaines The whole Nauie which was diuided into three Squadrons viz. The Admirall his Squadron The Vice-Admirall his Squadron and the Reare-Admirall his Squadron consisted of 120. sayle or thereabout whereof sixtie were good men of Warre and gallant Ships the rest Victuallers and Ships of Transportation Of her Maiesties owne Ships the number was eighteene or nineteene and these were their names The Merhoneur Admirall whereof Sir Robert Mansfield was Captaine The Due Repulse Vice-Admirall whereof Master Middleton was Captaine The Wast Spite Reare-Admirall whereof my selfe was Captaine The Garland the Earle of Southampton commanded The Defiance wherein the Lord Mountioy was shipped had for Captaine Sir Amias Preston The Saint Mathew to Sir George Carew Master of the Ordnance The Mary Rose to Sir Francis Vere Marshall whose Captaine was M. Iohn Winter The Dread-nought Sir William Brooke was Captaine of The Nonparellia Sir Richard Luson was Captaine of The Bonouenture Sir William Haruey was Captaine of The Antelope Sir Thomas Vauisâ—r was Captain of The Rainbow Sir William Mounson was Captaine of The Swiftsure Sir Gilly Mericke was Captain of The Golden Lion was sent after for a supply The Hope whereof was Captain The Foresight whereof Sir Carew Reignall was Captaine The Saint Andrew whereof Master Marcellus Throckmorton was Captain The Tramontana whereof young Master Fenner was Captain The Moone whereof Sir Edward Michelboorne was Captaine Besides that there were some other of her Maiesties small Pinnaces that attended the Fleet. The residue or the Fleet aforenamed consisted of the best shipping of London and other Port-Townes of the Kingdome with sundry stout Vestells belonging to some Lords and Gentlemen that were Aduenturers in this Voyage There were also added to this Nauie tenne sayle of good men of Warre sent from the States of the Low-Countries to attend her Maiesties Fleet in this seruice vnder the conduct of one Mounsier de Duneincorde well manned and furnished The Land Army besides Saylers that might be afforded and spared vpon occasion of landing consisted of six thousand able men well appointed with ten Peeces of Artillery for the Field and Battery with all necessary Vtensils fit for them The proportion of victuals was for four months at large allowance double apparell both for Souldier's and Mariners In this Armie there went Knights Captaines and Gentlemen voluntaries fiue hundred at the least as gallant parsonages and as brauely furnished as euer the
and benignity 1717. Virginians in want and pouerty 1725. a Virginian Sauages his Oration to Captaine Smith 1727. a Virginian smothered at Iames towne and recouered lunaticke and restored 1726 1727. Virgina Sauages offer to fight vnder English banners 1729. Virginian Sauages brought perforce to peace with the English 1769 1770. Virginia Sauages religion and disposition 1771. their countries described seasons climate beasts birds fishes and other rarities 1771 1772 1773. Virginian account of yeares 1774. Virginians kill some English ibid. their trecherous and bloody nature 1788 1789. Virginians worship the Deuill but loue him not 1790. their fearing the shadow of a Piece or Musket with their sowing gunpowder ibid. Virginians possesse some Pieces with munition after the massacre destroyed cattell ibid. Virginian plantations Presidency assumed by the Lord De la Ware its first successe 1754. 1755 1756. in what case it was left by the said Lord and the cause why he left it 1763. its commodities ibid. 1764. Virginias plantations benefit of corne by Captaine Argall 1765. its rarities ibid. Virginian affaires variety by the approach of diuers Captaines there 1766 1767 1768. its commodities vnworthy English inhabitants ibid. chiefe places the Bermuda City and Henrico ibid. its Forts 1768. Virginias eleuation aboue many countries 1770. Virginian affaires Anno 1617 1618 page 1774. Anno 1619 page 1775. the profits that may bee deriued thence ibid. Anno 1619 et 1620 page 1775 1775. the supplies from England in that time ibid. with Ships men and their employments there on what commodities for trading 1776 1777. Virginian benefactors 1777. Virginian affaires in the yeare 1621 page 1783. with the supply of men goods and Ships then sent with other accidents ibid. 〈◊〉 1784. and supplies with relation of matters of trading there 1784. Virginia's praises farther related 1717 w th the hopes to paxss thense to China 1786. Virginia's state before the massacre 1788. The massacre it selfe the plot and execution 1788 1789 1790. 1347. The Englishmen basely murdered in it ibid. A Virginian conuerted discovers the plots 1790. Virginiaes plantations necessaries without which it may not so wel be effected 1791 Virginiaes massacre supposed caâ—se seconded by a sicknesse 1792. It s authors end ibid. The supply thereof by King Iames 1793. Virginia commended and discommended according to mens diuers humours discovered in Letters 1806 1807. Virginia planted by French men 1807. They afterwards displanted by Sir Samuel Argall 1808. Virginia's possession and plantation by the English soundly and largely proved to be lawfull by a naturall and nationall right 1809 1810 1811. Virginia's first discouerie and discouerers 1812. Virginia rightly possessed by the English by acknowledgement of the Prince there 1813. By buying selling cession forfeiture ib. Virginiaes plantation advanceth Gods glory 1817 1818. Virginia's want of good exeused 1814 1815. Virginia-plantations losse by the massacre 1816. The number there since ibid. Virginia's plantation to the prosecuted and for what reasons 1826. seq As first Religion honour of the Nation c. 1816 Virginia deserues plantation for the profit 1817. For disburdening multitudes 1818. For a temperate climate ibid. For largenesse ibid. Commodious Rivers whose sliding embracements of the earth are fiuently described ibid. Siâ—kes Wines Mines drugs c. ibid. Materials for shipping 1820. Fishâ—ng 1821. Tobacco trading ibid. Hopes of passage to the South Sea 1822. For other reasons advantages 1824. For being a refreshment to ships tired with long voyages ibid. 1825 Virguano a towne inhabited by Savages in America neere Marwin 1285 A Vision 14â—8 Visitation of the sicke among the Indians the horrible hideous noise vsed by those miserable comforters 1860 Vitachaco a town in Florida 1534 Vlissingers take one of the Portingal Gallions 1909 Vllibaholi a walled towne of the Indians in Florida and the fashion of those walls 1541 Vndermining of townes 1919 Vnicornes horne saveth many from poison 1213 Vno a River 1223 Vomiting to death 1214. Vomiting procured by what Plants in Bermuda Ilands 1801 Vna a mountaine in the West-Indies 1285 A Vnicorne with a strange horne 1560. With haire as bigge as a finger ibid. Vnthankfulnesse in Spaniards towards their Indian Benefactors 1526 Voyages are commonly ouerthrowne by the Captaines giving way or too much yeelding lenity 1389. Voyages by the Lord of Cumberland 1141. 1142 seq Voyages by Sir Sebastian Cabot Sir Thomas Pert 1177. By Sir Iohn Hawkins Sir Fran. Drake ibid. seq Voyages by Capt. Michelson Capt. Newport Earle of Suffolke Sir Robert Dudley ibid. Voyages by Captaine Preston Capt. Summers Sir Anthony Sherley Capt. Parker Sir Walter Raleigh Mr Will. Hawkins ibid. Capt. Parker 1243 1244 seq Mâ—ddleton 1246 1247. Voyages by Reniger Borey Pudsey Steuen Hare Fenton Ward and Iohn Drake 1186. Voyages by Captaine Candish and Capt. Dauies 1191 1192 c. By Sir Richard Hawkins 1367. c. By Pamphilo Naruaez Spaniard 1500 1501 seq By Francisco Pizarro 1489 seq Voyages by Nunno de Guzman Spaniard 1556. seq Soto his Voyages and discoveries of Florida 1530. at large in seq Voyages by the the French and discoueries of Florida and Canada 1603. seq Voyages by Monseur de Montz 1620. seq Voyages from England the ships being furnished with two hundred pounds in Cash 1838. From Plimmouth to Bilboa with dry fish 1839. A voyage of seven sayle from the West-country 1839. Voyages to Virginia furnished by Sir Walter Raleigh 16â—5 1646. Voyage of Captaine Gosnol to Virginia Anno 1602. pag. 1647. seq Voyage by Mr Pringe to Virginia 1654. seq By Captaine Gilbert to the same 1656. seq By Capt. Weymouth to Virginia 1659. seq Avoyage to the Iâ—e of Azores by the Right Honorable Rob. Earle of Essex 1935. Voyages by Sir Thomas Gates 1734 seq By Captaine Argall 1758. Voyages to Sommer-Iland by the English 1793. seq An admirable voyage from the Bermudas to Ireland in a small boat 1803 Vparason a River nauigable in Brasile 1â—40 Vpanason a River in the Indâ—â—s very commodious for watering 1223 Vpsegon a towne in Mawooshen vnder the Lord Bashabes 1874 Vrarino towne a towne of Aâ—waccas and â—aâ—awogoto Savages in America 1283 Vraâ—itan an Iland in Brasile called by the Portingals Alqua 〈…〉 1241. It s description for Navigators ibid. Vrapo and Arieppo two Indian woods 1251 Vrine drunke for want of water 1188 Vrokere Indians so called 1286 Vrquam River 1364 Vtinama a Floridan towne 1533 A Vulcan a most dreadfull thing casting forth fire stones as great as a house causing vnwholsomnesse of thence-issuing waters 15â—9 Vupanqui his raigne ouer the inhabitants of Peru his acts and conquests his making a bridge of Oziers beautifying the Sunnes temple extent of his dominions transplantation of countries 1463 1464 Vzela a towne in Florida in America 1534 W. VVAbocâ—â—yaway an Arwacca towne in America 1286 Wacarimock mountaines neere the riuer O. enoco 1248 Walnuts thirty Ilands of thâ—m 1612 Wancoobanoua a valley abounding with gold-grains wasâ—ed from the
Indians neere the River Wyapoco their nature and description 1263 Yaguiana a towne in Hispaniola 1186 Capt. Yerdly Deputy Governour in Virginia 1773. His acts and exploits there ibid. 1774 Yerua viua an hearbe that is senssble and shrinkes at any mans touch not resprouting till his departure 1174 Youghtanund inhabitants of Virginia 16â—2 Youwalprenay a towne of the Caribes 1285 Ytara an America Floridan town 1533 Ytaua a towne in Florida 1541 Yupaha an Indian country in Florida ruled by a woman her great town commodities and abundance of gold 1535 Yupanqui an Emperour of Peru before the Spanish conquest his difficult attempts 1474. He subdued the Chunchus and so extended his Empire ibid. 1475. His assault of the Chirihuana a Savage Nation and successe his proceeding to conquer Chili 1475 his miraculous Fort and buildings other acts and death 1477 1478 Yuia Pari a River in America thâ— inhabitants thereabout tortured by the Spaniards 1587 Z. ZAcheo a place so called 1186 Zapatula a place of New-Spaine 1558 Zemie an Indian Nation neere the Riuer of Plate 1363 Zemais Saluaisco Indians so called in the River Paâ—ana their description 1350 1351 Zumpanga a towne of Indians 1418 FINIS Leuit. 13. First voyage 1586. The Spanish King had imbargued all English ships in his Ports of Spaine and Portugall 1585. whence warres were not only expected at home but euery where honorably sought and happily preuented See Hak. tom 3. Sierra Leona Abraham Cock Andrew Battell was one of his companie See of this voyage Tem. 1. l. 7. 6. 3. Iohn Drake Fenton and Wards expedition See Hak. l. 3. I had it also written Baya Bold courage Hulks disaster The Earle in Sluce 88. seruice Second voyage 1588. Hare taken Third voyage 1589. The League then was enemy to Queene Elizabeth Iew of Lisbone The Azores foure Ships taken A monstrous Fish See Linscbot c. 96. A prize of Port Ricco Guinâ—ee Ship taken Fyall taken The spoile Ship of Saint Malo Captaine Lysters valorous attempt His audacious enterprise and rash endangering the râ—st American ships taken Captaine Lyster drowned Miserable distresse for want of drink Salt deadly draught The Earles equitie and courage Ventre Hauen in Ireland The Countesse of Dorset borne Ian. 31. 1589. The fourth Voyage 1591. Ship of Saint Thome taken Chance of warre Takers taken Aduise Sir R. Greenuile Fifth Voyage 1592. Ill beginnings His râ—â—urne and Captayne Norton substituted Argosie taken Flores courtesie Santa Cruce a Carrike Sir I Burrough Sea-custome of sharing Portugals fire their Carrike Auri sacra faâ—â—s Towne taken Made de Dios a great Carrik The fight Queenes ships danger Carrike entred Fight and Engglish Victorie Danger by fire Contention about the bootie In M. Hak. his second Tome this Carrikes purchase is attributed principally to Sir I. Burgh there may the Reader also see her dimensions goods c. I haue here followed that Relation which I found and leaue free iudgement to the Reader My copie also argueth my Lords case which I ha 〈…〉 itted Sixt voyage 1593. Two French ships very rich taken Scout taken His sicknesse and returne The seuenth Voyage 1593. Pearl-fishings Rancheria assauâ—â—ed and taken Aruba and Corresao R. de Hache Strange watering Estanchas or Stantias Beefe how kept there Ri. Marracaua Cap. Raymund Iamaica Bay of Honduras Porto Cauallo The fight Ships fired The eight Voyages 1594. The great Carriks called Fiue wounds Borded Carraks fired English Ships in danger Pittifull distresse of the Carrike The impediments of taking the Carrike Another Carrike The ninth voyage 1595. The Dragon a fortunate ship to the East Indian Societie surprised vnluckily by the Dutch see Hoâ—es relation To. 1. l. 5. An. 1595. Fight Tenth voyage 1596. Eleuenth voyage Godwine sands Sea fight The twelfth voyage Names of the ships and their Captaines employed in the twelfth voyage 1596. His purpose frustrated Defect in the mayne Mast. The Burlings Penechia Biscainers good fighters Ship of Hamburg taken Intelligence from Lisbone Fiue Carraks and twentie fiue ships New intelligence Another attempt No hope that way He comes to the Canaries Rich Marquesse Poore performance of rich promisers He lands his Souldiers Sir Iohn Barkley Towne and Castle takers Poore purchase and yet too rich The Earles honorable care and wise prouision Caruell stollen forth by English captiues Danger of late going forth for the Cape of Good Hope Old Portugall Pilots Rash aduisers The Earles mâ—â—ture and discâ—eet intendments His speech His purposes and probabilities They proceed They arriue at Dominica Las Virgines My Lords speech Basenesse of theft Sir Francis Drake They arriue at the Iland Euill surmiseâ— His search Obiections The Earles answere They land the fixt of Iune Negros misleading A Bridge * I haue since heard that his name was Doctor Layfield Anâ— 1596. Aug. Worthy act of a worthy man The Burlingâ—s or Berlinga The Câ—nariâ— Ilands They take the chiefe Towne of Lâ—â—â—erota The Casâ—le taken The Towne described Inhabitants The Iland of Lançeroâ—a Beasts One haruest done before the middest of Aprill The Church Pike of Teneriffe Riches thereof Captain Leighs voiâ—ge to Orenoque Sunne in their Zeniâ—h The Crosier Gusts Vnwholsoâ—e raine Colour of the Sea black Matinino D 〈…〉 Naked Ind 〈…〉 Their Canoas The people described Red painting Their Oares A hot Bathe The Virgines Description of Dominica A Town found in Dominica Wilde Maiesty Adultery punished with death Difference of maide wife Common diet roome Kings state Desire to learn English They come to the Virgines My Lords land companies about one thousand The speech you haue before in his own relation and therefore here omitted See before the names of the Captaines and Commanders here omitted Sir Fr. Drake The Virgines described Bird-Iland Incredible store of Birds They land vpon the I le of Saint Iohn de Puerto rico the siâ—t of Iuâ—â— Negros misguiding Bad March Bridge and Barricado Sir Iohn Barkeleys honourable ambition The fight betwâ—â—t the Englâ—sh and Spaniards The Earles accidentall danger Valiantassaults at the gates Sir I. Barkleys courage His Lordships perill The tide hindereth them His Lordship goeth aboord His returne and second Stratagem Good successe thereof Ship lost The red Fort called Mata-diabolo Spaniards beaten The English take the Fort. Another Fort quitted They enter the lesse Iland and march to the Towne The Towne quitted of all people able to beare armes and entred by the English The Fort summoned The Gouernors brauado Care to saue mens liues Sir Nicholas Clifford His Lordships iustice Souldier disarmed for vnmanly and vnmannerly vsage to a woman Churches and Women secured Rauisher executed Sacriledgâ— terrified Raines Parley demanded Conditions demanded Articles offered Spaniards yeeld the Fort. The Fort Mora wherein were 400. Souldiers deliuered vp to the English The description of the citie of Saint Iohn de Puerto Rico. Fresh aire Heat how ordered Great dewes Greatnesse Cathedrall Church described No glasse windowes The doores c. Quire in the lowest part of the Church Chappels The
made to Gold Hathuey burned His choise to goe to hell and why 3000. slaine Out of the frying-pan into the fire 6000. Infants lost God and King abused 800000. Indians slaine Cause and extremitie of famine Tribute slaues 500000. Indians transported 50000. slaine In the former discourse of Herera you may find the names of all these first planters or as this Author reckoneth supplanters which did rather depopulate then people whole Prouinces I could haue added their names but was loth to doe more then the Author had donethen whiles mâ—ny of them liued yea his most passiâ—nate and bitter inuectiues I haue taken out only minding the Storie therein also mollifying many things Foure Millions slaine Of New Spainâ— in particul 〈…〉 The Mexican cruelties are before related and therefore here omitted Two millions slaine Pretence of rebellion against that Prince to which â—hey neuer had beene subiect Guatimala destroyed wiâ—h Earth-quakes Foure or fiue millions slaine Shambles of mans flesh 800. Indians giuen for a Mare Xalisco 800. Townes destroyed Bishop of S. Marthas Letter to Charles the fiâ—th Spanish Frierâ— killed for others faults Two Millions of stolne Indians Manner of vsage at Sea Manner of landing and sharing Manner of Pearle-fishing * Sharkes Foure or fiue millions slaine in Venesuela A million of slaues Iuan Ponâ—e de Leon with 80. men were all lost there After him Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon with 220. Pamphilo de Noruaez with 400. And â—â—urthly Ferdinando de Soto with 1000. as some say and they which say least 600. entâ—ed Florida whose stories you haue before Of Soto was no newes An. 1542. when this was written See before in Schmidel Fifteene Millions paid for Atabalipas ransome Testimony of Frier Marke touching Pizarro and the Spaniards which first entred Peru * A people of those parts good warriors not of the Caâ—â—â—y Ilands Bishop of Mexicos testimony Foure Millions slaine in Peru c. King Bugata tentenced executed What conuersions knowledge of God are in the Indies Ciuill warres in Peru betwixt the Spaniards Tâ—â— thousand perish Cruell famine Extract out of the second reason Out of the third reason Out of the fourth reason Out of the fifth reason Out of the sixth reason Out of the seauenth reason Out of the eight reason Out of the tenth reason Note Out of the eleuenth reason Out of the 13. reason Note the Popes Bull is pretended which and our answere to it see To. 1. l2 c. 1. Twenty Millions destroied before he saith 12. or 15. Millions which is to be vnderstood of some greater part not of all the Indies Yea only in New Spaine Honduras Guatimala Venesuela Peru and the Coast of Paria he reckoneth aboue 20. Milions besides three Millions in Hispaniola halfe a Million in the Lucayos 600000 or rather a Million in Iamaica and Saint Iohns Ilands 800000 in Terra Firma in Nicaragua 550000. that I mention not the innumerable multitudes in Cuba Panuco Florida Xalâ—sco Yucatan Saint Martha Carthagena New Granado Riuer of Plata c. As out of Ouiedo Benzo c. is before obserued Sir Seb Cabot Cap. Ribalt Silke-wormes store in Florida Port Royall in 32. degrees Mutinie Cap. Albert slaine The second Golonie Stone Pillar worshipped Men nigh 300. yeeres old The Vassals are petty Werâ—â—nces or Lords of Villages Mutinies The Virginians a 〈…〉 such a custome Cruell famine Sir Iohn Hawkâ—ns his great kindnesse Thâ—rd Floridan Voyage by C. Ribalt Gold Mynes of Apalatci Spaniards kill the French and plant in Florida Massacre Reuenge by Cap. Dom 〈…〉 Gaurgues Three Forts Spanish Why the Sauages haue their goods interred with them Iust requit all Iaques Cartier his three Voyages Iland of Birds in 49. deg 〈…〉 s 40. minutes Margaulx seeme to be Pengwins L. of Robewall Saualets 42. Voyages to Newfoundland Their Voyage to Tadousac Chap. 1. A banke of Ice aboue 8. leagus long in 45. degrees and two third parts The Banke in 44. degr one third part These coasts subiect to fogs The Cape of S. Marie The Isles of S. Peter A banke of Ice 6. leagues long Cape de Raie Cape de S. Laurence An Iland of Ice aboue eight leagues long The I le of Assumption Gachepe The Riuer Mantanne The Pike Tadousac from Gachepe 100. leg The description of the hauen of Tadousac The Riuer of Sagenay falleâ—h into Camada That of Sagenay is in Lescarbots Map expressed to enter on the North side of Canada about 51. or 40. from thence to the Sea shoare of Canada is aboue sixtie miles which entring into the Sea hath 100. miles and vp to the fals which Voyage followeth continueth a maruellous breadth so that it may be for greatnesse reputed greater then any other Riuer in our world or in the Northerne parts of the New full also of Lakes and Ilands for greater magnificence The great Sagamo their feasts wars The Irocois Cap. 2. Two Sauages brought out of France Anadabijon The Oration of one of the sauages which we brought with vs. The Irocois enemies to Anadabijon The Oration of Anadabijon A feast of this Sauages Orignac a Beast like an Oxe A victorie gotten of the Irocois Estechemins Algoumequins and Mountainers The Riuer of the Irocois The Irocois are in great number Two hundred Canowes The fashion of their Canowes Their Cabins made like tents and couered with the barke of trees Cypresse trees The â—â—triumphs humors famin superstitions rites Chap. 3. Matachia or cord 〈…〉 s of the haire of the Porke-pike Their manner of dancing Besouat the Sagamo of the Algoumequins These Sauages endure great famine Their had qualities The beliefe of the Sauages They beleeue one God one Son one Mother and the Sunne Great famine sometimes among the Sauages Sauages which speake with the Diuell They paint themselues with an Oliue colour Their apparell of skins A deuice to go on the snow with a Racket The marriage of the Sauages Their burials after the Tartars manner They beleeue the immortality of the soule The Riuer of Saguenay his originall Chap 4. A violent fall of water A Mountainous Country The report of the beginning of the Riuer of Saguenay A Lake two daies iournie long Three other Riuers Two or three Lakes where â—n the head of Saguenay beginneth * That is 120. leagues People of the North. A salt sea Iourney to the fall and to certaine Ilands arriual at Quebec Chap. 5. The Isle of the Hare The Isle of Filberds 12. leagues The I le of Orleance Quebec Diamants 29. leagues Of the point of S. Croix of the Riuer of Batiscon of the Riuers Rocks Iles Lands Trees Fruits Vines faire Countries which are from Quebec vnto The 3. Riuers Chap. 6. Saint Croix 15. leagues Ground Nuts The Riuer Batiscan Another Riuer A goodly Countrie An I le full of Vines Sixe small Riuers The Ile S. Eloy Another small Riuer A better temperaâ—ute 15. leagues â—n Iland 〈◊〉 to be planted A great Lake The head of Saguenay 106. leagues off A great
Sir Seb Cabota his picture in the priâ—e gallerie at White Hall hath â—hese words Effigies Seb. Cabotae Angli filij Ioannis Cabotae Veneti militis aurati c. he was born at Venice and seruing H. 7. H. 8. Ed. 6. was accounted English c. Galpano saith he was borne at Bristol Sir Seb. Cab. Grand Pilot of England Possession continuation prescription The names of aboue 100. are extant in M. Hack. 3. Tome Two former Colonies wholly c. Virginians acknowledge subiection and seruice to the English Right by buying selling and by cession Right by Forfeiture Fatall possession Heb. 11. The Glorie of God in his Word and Workes aduanced by this Plantation * Cicero Ie. 15. Ps. 19. 1. Ps. 92. 4. Ps. 148. 5. Ps. 16. ac 2. E 〈…〉 The workes of God and vaâ—ietie there seen set forth his glorie Propagation of the Gospell rewards therof Ose 2. Iam. 5. 20. Obad. vlt. 2. Cor. 11. 2. Matth. 6. 22. 1. Tim. 4. 8. Answeres to Obiections first to the want of Gold and Siluer Mines * Compare 2 Sam. 24. with 1 Chron. 21. It seemes that there were aboue two millions of men besides women and children Virginias high valuation Cap. Ioh. Smith Answer to the obiected ill successes and causes thereof Iud. 5116. Prou. 13. 10. 1 Tim. 6. The massacre hatâ— been the chiefe cause of later miscarying This number of 1800. was presented by the Companie to the Lords of the Councell Arguments for Virginian plantation as being honorable 1. Religion 〈◊〉 Humanitie 3. Honor of the English Nation 4. Honour of the King 5. Honor of the Kingdome 6. Argument of profit generally propounded Illustrated by the Castilian greatnesse Vpon lesse probabilities See Ouiedo our sixth Book Their greatest benefit in commodities not in Mines to the common subiect The Earle had purposed to leaue Sir Iohn Barkley with a Garrison to hold it but a great sicknesse and mortalitie consuming most of his men he was forced to leaue the place to bring home his ships I finde this in a written Extâ—â—ct of all the Ports shipping Cities Men c. of Spaine which sometimes belonged to that industrious Gentleman M. W. Burrough Controller of the Nauie Arg. 7. from necessiâ—ie by our multitudes Arguments of particular coÌ„modities and commodiousnesse 1. The same climate with best Countries 2. Temperate 3. Large extension 4. Commodious diuision of Lands and Riuers Bay of Chesepeake 5. Fertile soile 6. Trees for timber and other vses many 7. Specially for Silkes 8. And for Wines Iuly 9. A. R. 20. See sup c. 15. 9. Iust aduantage from the Sauages to make vse of their labours 10. Drugs and diuers other commodities 11. Iron mines 12. Timbers for all vses 13. More especially for building both houses ship 14. The manifold materialls for shipping 15. Sauing of expenses and freeing from dangers in forreine Countries 16. Imployment and 〈…〉 ding of Mariners 17. Many probabilities by transplantation of cattell fruits c. exemplified by Spaniards 18. The Countrie cattell beasts not only for vse there but Merchandise hâ—re * Cap. Smith tels of 1000. Basses at a draught M. Rolse of 5000. the least of two foot long 300. as big as Cod by Sir T. Dale 19. Benefits by fishing D. D. Brit. Monarchie Et quae non prosunt singula multa inuant 20. Tobacco A Booke presented to the Parliament by Master Bennet It is said that some maliciously father all their bad Tobacco on Virginia and Bermuda â—nd thâ— go 〈…〉 â—rom thence â—n Spanish 〈◊〉 21. Hopes of future Tâ—â—â—e for clothes other English commodities 22. Manifold necessities of these times 25. Nâ—cessarie for streng thening other Plantations 24. Probâ—bilities of a South Sea passage mame manie commodities thereoy 25. Necessitie of mâ—intaining Virginia in case of war forcâ—d â—y others South Sea why so called * See sup the end of the 4. Booke Dermers Letter in this * M. Thomas Turner an English Merchant liuing then in Portugall in name of an Almaine Q Elizabeths praises Acosta l. 3. c. 4. 5. 6. 7. Ouiedo Summary Gen. hist. l. 2. Hereras Descri of Ind. 〈◊〉 2. 3. The brises and course of Nauigation Eddy windes Disaduantage to our Ships of warre by want of some such Plantation as this is and may be whence ma ny Voyages were frustrated in part or wholly S. Seb. Sabot Anno 1517. Ouiedo Gen. hist. l. 19. c. 13. Master Hore 1536. Sir Io. Hawkins 1564. 1567. Spanish perfidie Spanish crueltiâ— Cap. Lancaster 1591. Cap. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1596. Santâ—s of 〈◊〉 Orient◠〈◊〉 East Indie societie The Conclusion Briefe recapitulation of the most remarkable premisses Ex. 13. Es. 11. 1. Ca. Challon 2. Cap. Hanam sent by Lord Chiefe Iustice Popham 3. Cap. Popham Cap. Gilbert Sir Iohn Pophams death Captaine Pophams death Death of the Plantation Sir Fr. Popham Frenchmen plant there Sir Sa. Argall Noua Scotia Cap. Hobson imployed with Cap. Herley c. 1611. Hunts Sauage hunting of Sauages Friers charitie Wicked effects of wickednes Cap. I. Smith Cap. Mason Gouernor in New found land Plantation Cap. Rocraft French seized Conspiracie Conspirators â—â—ft Sawaguatock Menehighon Barke sunke Rocraftâ—â—aine â—â—aine Cap. Darmers voiage Necessi ie of a Deck in Pinnaces of discouerie Hollanders in Hudsons Riuer Darmers discoueries New Patent thought on Dermer betraied by Sauages See sup his owne letter to me His death Peaceable Plantation by his meanes Patentrenewed Temperate Climate Fertile Soile Commodious Coast. Fowle Deere The Mosse a strange Beast described Mount Mansell How they take the Mosse or Musse Commodities Seuerall Plantations along the Coast. Thirtie saile 1622. Madera Saint Lucia Fortie English slaine by Sauages 1605. See the storie sup pag. 1255. Dominica Friar Blascus his request Three gallions lost at Guadalupa Causes of yeerly sending of Friars out of Spaine Gold in Dominica They land 〈◊〉 Friar on Port Rico. They by vnhappy hap fall amongst Spanish ships They are borded taken and abused King Iames his name little respected by Spaniards French courtesie Their imprisonment Hard hearted Spaniard Cruell imâ—â—nitie Spanish Presidents respect to the English Honest Spaniards Three ships cast away Cap. Iohn Legat of Plimmouth Mutine Cap. Legat slaine by his mutinous crew which knew not when they had done to bring home their ship and so stumbled on Spanish iusticers I haue heard him much commended for a proper and expert Sea-man Proofe 1. 1614. Proofe 2. 1615. Proofe 3. 1615. Proofe 4. 1616. Proofe 5. 1616. Proofe 6. 1616. Proofe 7. 1617. Proofe 8. 1618. Proofe 9. 1619. Proofe 10. 1620 A Plantation in New England Proofe 11. 1620 Proofe 12. 1620 A Letter from New Plimoth Proofe 13. 1622 For this yeere 1622. Opechancanough taken in â—he midst of his armie as Atabalipa was by Piçarra 1622. Sep. 6. 1620. No. 9. Cape Cod. Ill Landing Sight of Sauages A Deere and water Sepulchers Kettle and Corne found Pâ—lizado They returne Deuise to catch Deere Cold Harbour Note
PVRCHAS HIS PILGRIMES IN FIVE BOOKES The sixth Contayning English Voyages to the East West and South parts of America Many Sea and Land Fights Inuasions and Uictories against the Spaniards in those parts and the Spanish Ilands and Coast Townes on this side Plantations in Guiana and many strange aduentures of English-men amongst the Americans The seuenth Voyages to and about the Southerne America with many Marine Obseruations and Discourses of those Seas and Lands by English-men and others The eighth Voyages to and Land-Trauels in Florida Virgina and other parts of the Notherne AMERICA French Plantings Spanish Supplantings English-Virginian voyages and to the Ilands AZORES The ninth English Plantations Discoueries Acts and Occurrents in Virginia and Summer Ilands since the Yeere 1606. till 1624. The tenth English Discoueries and Plantations in New England New-found-land with the Patent and Voyuges to New Scotland Relations also of the Fleets set forth by Queene ELIZABETH against the Spaniards The Fourth Part. Unus Deus Una Veritas LONDON Printed by William Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone and are to be sold at his shop in Pauls Church-yard at the signe of the Rose 1625. TO THE MOST REVEREND FATHER IN GOD GEORGE Lord Archb. of Canterburie His Grace Primate of all ENGLAND and Metropolitan One of HIS MAIESTIES most HONORABLE PRIVIE COVNCELL His very good Lord. HAuing brought vnto your Grace the Sheafe of my first Fruits to bee waued before the Lord I am bold now also to offer not after 7. but aboue 77. weekes these waue loaues for my haruest that both may bee hallowed by the same Priestly hand in which respect your Graces Name which first honored my Pilgrimage hath the last place in these Pilgrime-Volumes that my All might be blessed by your gracious embracing the Alpha and Omega of my Dedications and might bee by your Fatherly benediction commended to vulgar vse The sutablenesse of the former worke to your Graces Place and recreations caused the former presumption but now the Author by frequent Dedications knowne and graciously acknowledged Yours how vnprofitable a seruant soeuer is guiltie not of single boldnesse beautifying the Frontispice with His Highnesse Name vnto your Graces entertainment especially in this time so many wayes Festiuâ—ll that your Graces Name and entertainment might so much more Entitle and Endeare the same to His Highnesse The authorising of Books in iustest order belongeth to your Grace as doth the Author also whose mistie conceits of ignorance or smokie vapours of ambition suffering the exhaling rayes of Princely heat and Highnesse hope in the Middle Region of your Gracious and vertuous moderation to be so mildly attempered that they shall neither fall short in vanishing dewes nor be reiected after a short blaze as falling Starres nor transcend into combustious Comets nor fall downe in furious Stormes but gently descend as fresh and fruitfull Showers on the thirstie Candid Readers Pardon farre-fetched similitudes to a Historie of farre-fetched rarities and the Elements of the world borrowed to patronise our world of literate Elements not being as the commendable labours of Others a Booke of Voyages and Trauels in the world but the World historised in a world of Voyages and Trauels Wherein our Ship hath beene longer in her Circum-Nauigation then any of the World-Compassers here related often in danger to be ouerset whiles the Authors impotent and impatient Genius filled all her sailes to the Top and Top-gallant beyond the proportion of her balast whereby some leakes of vnwitting errors happening in so new a course thorow so various Seas implore your Graces indulgence to the Ship and Pilot. Sir Francis Drake a Ministers sonne after a happy inuironing of the Globe feasted Queene Elisabeth aboord his Argo and then laid her vp at Deptford deuoting her Carkasse to Time Her or rather his exploits to Fame and Eternitie An English Minister beginneth and endeth his more then Circling Nauigation with the glorious Name of His Maiestie in poore but his best entertainment and returning thus manned and freighted humbly sueth to bee laid vp in the Liberties and Libraries of Saint Iames Yorke-house Westminster and Lambith Here also the Pilot further petitioneth that his Body being more leakie then his Ship your Grace to whom principally the promise was made will accept this Part of payment in satisfaction of the whole debt of his Europaean Peregrination and Christian Visitations But a long Epistle were injurie to your Graces more necèssarie imployments for the Church and State My selfe am the Epistle this Worke the Seale this Epistle but the Superscription these Pilgrimes all humble Sutors for your Gracious fauour to the worst of Your Graces SAMVEL PVRCHAS ENGLISH VOYAGES TO THE EAST WEST AND SOVTH PARTS OF AMERICA MANY SEA AND LAND FIGHTS INVASIONS AND VICTORIES AGAINST THE SPANIARDS IN those parts and the Spanish Ilands and coast Townes on this side plantations in GVIANA and many strange aduentures of Englishmen amongst the AMERICANS THE SIXTH BOOKE CHAP. 1. A briefe Relation of the seuerall Voyages vndertaken and performed by the Right Honorable GEORGE Earle of Cumberland in his owne person or at his owne charge and by his direction collected out of the Relations and Iournals of credible persons Actors therein THe first Voyage of this Right Honorable Earle was intended to the South Sea and begun from Grauesend Iune 26. 1585. with three Ships and a Pinnace the Red Dragon Admirall of 260. Tunnes with 130. men commanded by Captaine Robert Widrington the Barke Clifford Vice-admirall of 130. Tunnes with 70. men commanded by Captaine Christopher Lister he had beene taken prisoner in Barbarie at the battell of Alcassar in which King Sebastian was slaine the Roe Rere-admirall commanded by Captaine Hawes the Dorothee a small Pinnace of Sir Walter Raleighs This voyage being published at large in Master Hakluyts printed voyages I will here but briefly runne ouer Septemb. 7. they fell with the Coast of Barbarie haling in with the Road of Santa Cruce after that they anchored in Rio del Oro and searched vp the Riuer finding it fourteene or fifteene leagues vpward as broad as at the mouth some two leagues ouer The last of September they resolued for Sierra Leona from whence they departed the seuenth of Nouember The fourth of Ianuarie they fell with the American shoare in 30. degrees and 40. minutes South latitude the weather temperate Ian. 10. they tooke a little short of the Riuer of Plate a small Portugall ship and in her Abraham Cock of Leigh neere London married in that Country who was brought home by the Admirall They learned that in that Riuer were fiue Townes each of seuentie housholds or more Buenos Aeres fiftie leagues vp the Riuer the rest fortie or fiftie aboue each other Tuccaman the vppermost 230. leagues from the entrance In which was store of Corne Cattell Fruits but neither Siluer nor Gold In this Barke were fiue and fortie Negroes The next day they tooke another in which were fiue and thirtie Negro women foure
which the nights calmenesse prohibited the ships beeing thus seuered were by the Gallies of Penocha set vpon his Lordship being within hearing of the shot but by reason of the calme not able to releeue them so that the two ships were recouered Captayne Bayly slaine Captayne Munson and the rest carried Prisoners to Penecha and thence to Lisbone His Lordship wrote to the Archdâ—ke Albert then Vice-roy for their good vsage otherwise threatning requitall to theirs of whom he presumed hee should take store For feare whereof the common sort were returned a few dayes after new clothed Captayne Munson with sixe others only detayned His Lordship hauing intelligence of a great Armada prepared in the Groyne to bee sent against the Lord Thomas Howard then Admirall of her Majesties fleet at the Asores attending to surprize the West Indian fleet sent the Mooneshine with aduise otherwise the Lord Howard had runne the fortune of Sir Richard Greenuile who lost his ship and life or rather exchanged the one for honor and for the other made the Spaniards the greatest losers in so deere a purchase Thus weakned by disaduenture he was forced to returne for England HIs Lordship considering the inconuenience of her Maiesties command not to lay any Spanish ship aboard with her ships lest both might together be destroyed by fire rather chose to seeke out amongst the Merchants then to make further vse of the ships Royall And so hee hired the Tigre a ship of six hundred tunnes furnished by the Owners for three hundred pounds a moneth wages in which he went in person thereto adding his owne ship the Samson and the Golden Noble with two small ships These in the yeere 1592. were set forth but so crossed with winds as three moneths victualls were spent in Harbours before they could get to the Westward of Plymmouth whereby also one of his Lordships principall designes was frustrate which was the taking of the Carrikes outward bound as also the meanes to performe his intended Voyage to the West Indies Wherevpon not like to satisfie that expectation which might arise from a personall expedition of his Lordship he transferred the chiefe command to Captayne Norton and returned to London leauing instructions with the Admirall to goe for the Asores Captayne Norton neere Cape Finisterre met two of the King of Spaines Gallions returning from Brest in Brittanie in fight with whom the Golden Noble receiued a shot in her fore-mast which made them doubt of her further sufficiencie but hauing fished it aswell as they could Captayne Caue her Commander espied an Argosie bound for Lisbone and gaue chase to her within shot of the Fort of Cascaijs within fiue fathome water of a shoald called Catchops and there in sight of the men on shoare laid her aboard and returned into England with her The Admirall with the rest of the fleet arriued at the Asores and hauing watered and refreshed at Flores which that Iland permitted to all men of warre as not able to withstand them put to Sea and spreading themselues the Santa Cruce was descried which made all the haste she could for Angra in Tercera They hasted after and being within halfe a league of her they espied Sir Iohn Burroughs in the Ro-bucke a ship of Sir Walter Raleighs of two hundred tunnes which had ridden vnseene on the Easterne side of the Iland standing to crosse the Carrickes way so that now she was forced the wind being Westerly to luffe vp recouer the Road of Lagowâ—a on the South end of Flores The law and custom of the Sea making al ships of war then together though not formerly consorted equall sharers according to their tunnage of the prizes gained Captayne Norton out of ciuil respect and not needing help consulted with Sir Iohn Burroughs and they agreed to board her the next morning But a storme in the night forced them al from their anchors which the next day being somwhat allaied they recouered the road found the Carrike warped as neer the shore as they could hauing indeuoâ—ed also to put ashore such goods as time would permit and fired with all her sayles and flags vp and Ordnance laden which went off on euery side when the fire came to them a sight more pleasing to the Portugals then the English whom those accounted now the Owners of that consumed substance The surge also issue of the late storme scarsly permitted their Boates to land to seeke to get wrackes and what the Portugals had carried ashoare eâ—â—ry man for feare of wracking the Boates on the Rockes being vp to the neck and some ouer head and eares before they could obtayne the shoare where also they were forced on hands and knees to climbe vp a steep hill on the top whereof stood many Ilanders tumbling downe great stones on them But all difficulties were made easie by resolution and hope which brought them to the Towne now forsaken by her Inhabitants and made them Masters of the wracked goods which seemed to flye thither for refuge from the fire and water Whiles they were thus employed about this burnt Carrike Sir Robert Crosse Captayne of the Foresight of her Maiesties Master Tomson Captayne of the Daintie a ship of Sir Iohn Hawkins Captayne Newport in the Golden Dragon came into this consort They were much grieued with this spectacle but comforted that there had but one of the fiue Carrickes passed this had fallen into this terrible Purgatory and three were still expected They spread themselues continued expecting from the nine and twentieth of Iune till the third of August at which time Master Tomson first had sight of the great Carricke called Madre de Dios and comming vp gaue her a broad-side of Ordnance falling a sterne came hauing laden his Ordnance again and againe to deliuer his pealâ—s to hinder her way till the rest of the fleet could come the Carricke answering with the like Sir Iohn Burroughes and the Golden Dragon came in about three a clocke and Sir Iohn receiued a shot of a Canon Perier vnder water in the Bread-roome which made him beare vp to stop his leake Sir Robert Crosse was the next who to giue her his broad side came so neere that becalming his sayles he vnwillingly fell aboard the Carricke which hauing lashed her fast by the Strowdes sayled away with her by her side The Earle of Cumberlands ships worst of sayle were the last which came vp about eleuen aclocke at night not minding then to boord her But hearing the Foresight calling to Captayne Norton And you be men saue the Queenes ship he gaue order to the Samson to lay her aboord on the one side and promising to doe the like in the Tigre on the other which about twelue a clock was performed The Tigre running stemling aboord broke her beake-head to the huddings the Samson laid the Forefight aboord and entred thorow her into the Carricke whereby
to forgiue and true of word Sir Francis hâ—rd in reconciliation and constancie in friendship he was withall seuere and courteous magnaâ—imious and liberall They were both faultie in ambition but more the one then the other For in Sir Francis was an in sâ—tiable desire of honor indeed beyond reason He was infinite in promises and more temperate in aduersity then in better Fortune He had also other imperfections as aptnesse to anger and bitternesse in disgracing and too much pleased with open flattery Sir Iohn Hawkins had in him malice with dissimulation rudenesse in behauiour and passing sparing indeed miserable They were both happy alike in being Great Commanders but not of equall successe and grew great and famous by one meanes rising through their owne Vertues and the Fortune of the Sea Their was no comparison to bee made betweene their wel-deseruing and good parts for therein Sir Francis Drake did farre exceede This is all I haue obserued in the Uoyages wherein I haue serued with them R. M. A briefe recitall or nomination of Souldiers other Englishmens Voyages related at large in the printed Works of Master HAKLVYT OTher Voyages might here be inserted made by Englishmen into the Bay of Mexico as that by Captayne W. Michelson and William Mace of Ratcliffe in the Dogge 1589. which there tooke three shippes They held fight with a Spanish man of Warre who by fraud sought perfidiously to obtayne that which they could not by vnspotted Fortitude They put out a flagge of Truce and after kinde entertaynment aboord the English inuited them to their shippe where they assaulted them stabbing Roger Kingsâ—old the Pilot to the Heart staying others and forcing the rest to trust God and the Sea rather then the Deuill and the Spaniards thus swimming to their ship The valiant fight of the Content a small ship of Sir George Câ—reys Lord Hundsdon Lord Chamberlaine 1591. Iune 13. with three great Spanish ships each of six or seuen hundred and one small shippe and two Gallies farre more beeing slaine of the enemies then the English had to fight I leaue to Master Hakluyts report as also Captayne Christopher Newport his Voyage with three ships and a Pinnasse the same yeere which tooke and spoyled Yaguana and Ocoa in Hispaniâ—la and Truxillo besides other Prizes and in the way homeward were at the taking of the Madre de Dios. The next yeere Captayne Lane Gen. of Master Wats his fleete Captayne Roberts in the Exchange of Bristâ—ll and Captayne Beniamin Wood with foure shippes set forth by the Lord Thomas Howard Captayne Kenell of Lime-house and Captayne King of Ratcliffe Road with thirteene sayles before Hauana wayting for purchase Anno 1594. the Honourable Sir Robert Dudley set forth with two ships and two Pinnasses and made his Voyage to Trinidada and the Coast of Paria returning by the Iles of Granata Santa Cruez Santa Iuan de Puerto Rico Mona Zacheo and Bermuda In which Voyage he and his company tooke or sunke nine Spanish ships of which one was a man of Warre of sixe hundred tuns The particulars are related by himselfe in Master Hakluyt In him also the Reader may find the victorious Voyage of Captayne Amias Presten and Captayne George Summers both since Knights Anno 1595. in which the Iles of Puerto Santo and of Coche neere Margarita the Fort and Towne of Coro the Citie of Saint Iago de Leon were sacked and burnt the Towne of Cumana ransomed and Iamaica entred Sir Antonie Sherley Anno 1596. set forth from Hampton with nine ships and a Galley to Saint Iago Dominica Margarita Iamaica Bay of Honduras and homewards by New foundland This and Captayne Parkers Voyage 1596. to the same parts and Ports with his taking of Campeche the chiefe Towne of Iacatan and bringing thence a Frigat laden with the Kings Tribute Also the Voyages of Sir Walter Raleigh to Guiana and other intelligences of that Nation likewise Master William Hawkins his Voyages to Brasill and those of Reâ—iger and Borey Pudsâ—y Stephen Hare Sir Iames Lancasters taking of Fernambuc Fenton and Ward and Iohn Drakes Voyage after his departure from Fenton vp the Riuer of Plate and liuing fifteene moneths with the Sauages Anno 1582. All these I referre to the painfull labours of Master Hakluyt who hath well deserued of the English Nation and of these Neptunian Heroes that I mention not the many Voyages of others in those times of difference betwixt England and Spaine which here and there you shall finde mention of in these Relations Also Anno 1589. three ships were set forth by Master Chidlie and others for the Magellan Straites one of which arriued there and tooke there a Spaniard one of the foure hundred which had beene sent thither to inhabit which had long liued there alone the rest being famished They spent sixe weekes there with contrary winds and sixe only of their company teturned they also being racked on the Coast of Normandie as W. Magoths one of the sixe hath related These I doe but summarily mention as an Index rather to Master Hakluytâ— labours then with any intent to giue the discourse thereof But the strange fortunes of Peter Carder not hitherto published compell me to take speciall notice thereof which himselfe hath thus related CHAP. V. The Relation of PETER CARDER of Saint Verian in Cornwall within seuen miles of Falmouth which went with Sir FRANCIS in his Voyage about the World begun 1577. who with seuen others in an open Pinnasse or Shallop of fiue tuns with eight Oares was separated from his Generall by foule weather in the South Sea in October An. 1578. who returning by the Straites of Magellan toward Brasill were all cast away saue this one only afore named who came into England nine yeeres after miraculously hauing escaped many strange dangers aswell among diuers Sauages as Christians AFter Sir Francis Drake had passed the Straites of Magellan the sixt of September 1578. and was driuen downe to the Southwards in the South Sea vnto the latitude of fiftie fiue degrees and a terse with such accidents as are mentioned in his Voyage and returning backe toward the Straite againe The eight of October we lost sight of the Elizabeth one of our Consorts wherein Master Iohn Winter was who returned by the Straites againe as wee vnderstood afterward at our comming home into England according to his Voyage extant in print Shortly after his separation from our company our Generall commanded eight men to furnish our small Pinnasse or Shallop with eight men whose names were these my selfe Peter Carder aforesaid Richard Burnish of London Iohn Cottle and another both seruants to Master Iohn Hawkins Artyur a Dutch Trumpetor Richard Ioyner seruant to Vincent Scoble of Plimmouth Pasche Gidie of Salt Ashe and William Pitcher of London This company was commanded to waite vpon the ship for all necessary vses but hauing not passed one dayes victuals in vs nor any Card nor Compasse sauing only the
Schoutens Ship and men attached and be and his had a seruile returne Cano came or rather â—â—â—d homes like Magalianes ghost hardly and with a few escaping Noort scarsly escaped taking drowning firing trechery and hostilitie Spilbergen got blowes in the South Sea where Drake and Candish were made rich and returned an Indian Merchant Three Dutch worthies but all lighted their candles at these two English Torches Thus may we magnifie Drakes swimming and can die the memorie of our Candish But where it is said ye are Gods it is added ye shall dye like men The Sea is a â—aâ—ing wauering foundation the windes theatre both for Comedies and Tragedies You haue seene Drake acting both and in both you here finde Candish Christ is yesterday to day the same for euer God is without shadow without passibilitie or possibilitie of change a light in whom is no darkenesse but sublunarie things are like the Moone their neerest Planet which neuer viewes the earth two dayes together with one face God hath made our way to him so full of chances and changes that our vnstedie slippery way on this earth and calme-storme-voyage in these Seas may make vs more to meditate and thirst after that hauen of instabilitie and heauen of eternity Some passionate speeches of Master Candish against some priuate persons not employed in this action I haue suppressed some others I haue let passe not that I charge Captaine Dauis or others but that it may appeare what the Generall thought of them Master Hakluyt hath published Master Ianes report of this Voyage which makes more fauourable on Captaine Dauis his side If hee did deale treacherously treacherie found him out as in his last Voyage before is declared If any thinke the Captaine here to conceiue amisse I shall be willing to haue the most charitable conceit and therefore remit the Reader to Master Hakluyts Relation afore said for his apologie the sum whereof and of that Voyage is this Master Iane there relateth that Aug. 26. 1591. Captaine Candish set forth from Plimmouth with three tall Shippes the blacke Pinnace and a Barke Nouemb. 29. they fell with the coast of Brasile They tooke the Towne of Santos and burnt Saint Vincent After a cruell storme they arriued at Port Desire and after fell with the Magellan straites Occasionally saith Iane they lost Captaine Candish and went backe to Port Desire to seeke him and whiles Captaine Dauis further intended to seeke out the Generall a dangerous conspiracie was plotted to murther him by Parker and Smith There is also a testimoniall subscribed by fortie men Thence they returned to the Straits and had sight of the people which were very strong nimble and naked Sep. 13. they came in sight of the South Sea and being forced backe the next day put forth againe and being eight or ten leagues free from land were repelled into the Straits Octob. 2. they put into the South Sea againe and were free of all land and there in a storme lost the blacke Pinnace The Shippes company were in despaire of life but by Gods grace recouered the Straits and a third time came to Port Desire and there lost nine of their men of which Parker and Smith were two being on Land for Wood and Water they knew not what became of them but guessed that the Saluages had deuoured them For the eleuenth of Nouember while most of the men were at the I le of Pengwins onely the Captaine and Master with sixe others left in the Shippe there came a great multitude of Sauages to the Shippe there on ground on the oaze throwing dust in the ayre leaping and running like bruite Beasts hauing vizors on their faces like Dogges faces or else their faces are Dogges faces indeede We feared they would set our Shippes on fire for they would suddenly make fire whereat wee maruelled setting the bushes on fire but scared with Peeces they fled Here they found much Scuruie-grasse which recouered them and dried 20000. Pengwins making some salt by laying the salt water on rockes in holes The sixt of February many reported to each other their dreames of killing and the like and that day they lost 13. men at Placentia Their dried Pengwins when they came neerer the Sun began to corrupt and there bred in them a most loathsome and vgly worme which deuoured their victuals cloathes timbers and all but Iron not sparing their flesh when they were asleepe so that they could scarcely sleepe Their multitude was such that they could not destroy them Another disease tooke them with swelling in their anckles two daies after which shortnesse of breath then falling into their cods and yards so tormenting them that diuers fell mad and died on fiue onely did the labour of the Ship relye and Iune 11. 1593. without victuals sailes or men God guided them to Beare-hauen in Ireland But let vs heare Master Candish himselfe more then acting his owne part Discite justitiam moniti Let not prosperitie poyson the soule with the sting of the old Serpent swelling in pride ingratitude or contempt of God or Man let not any magnifie himselfe in whatsoeuer exploits or trust in vncertaine riches or promise to himselfe the perpetuall smiles of the world and then it shall seeme no new thing nor cause of despaire if shee hites in stead of kissing Shee is a Witch which transformeth men into Swine with her Cyrcaean cups if the minde learne not by Religion to fasten it selfe to God to account him her treasure and make her selfe the treasurie as a Pilgrime pressing toward the prize of our high calling that inheritance of the Saints in light for which Robes to bee stripped of these Rags is a blessed purchase meanwhile knowing that nothing doth shall can happen but by his providence which is a Father most wise louing bountifull and mercifull which alreadie hath giuen vs his Sonne doth now giue his Spirit and will giue vs himselfe No Rocks can wrack that Soule no stormes oppresse no Seas can sinke no fortunes can either puffe vp with successe or sinke and make to shrinke in it selfe by any pressures to despaire which hath thus made God her portion yea the worst of aduersities by a holy Antiperistasis doe contract and more vnite the soules forces to greater acts of fortitude in doing and suffering his Will to whos 's ours ought alway to be subordinated It is the voice of a Pagen but the vertue of a Christian Omnia mea mecum porto and with Iob to say The Lord hath giuen the Lord hath taken blessed bee the Name of the Lord. I haue giuen Master Kniuets Relation after this of Master Candish as before Peter Carder after Sir Francis Drake that at both serued vnder them in their Discoueries so they may in this our Discouerie of those Discoueries as Pages to those Worthies the one a Mariner wayting on a Mariner the other a Gentleman following a Gentleman both vnmatchable by any English for the rare aduentures
that I le was like vnto it which they found in the earth about a foot or two deepe The said Monsieur Preuert gaue the Sauages Wedges and Cizers and other things necessarie to draw out the said Myne which they haue promised to doe and to bring the same the next yeere and giue it the said Monsieur Preuert They say also that within some hundred or one hundred and twentie leagues there are other Mynes but that they dare not goe thither vnlesse they haue Frenchmen with them to make warre vpon their enemies which haue the said Mynes in their possession The said place where the Myne is standeth in 44. degrees and some few minutes neere the South Coast within fiue or sixe leagues it is a kind of Bay which is certaine leagues broad at the mouth thereof and somewhat more in length where are three Riuers which fall into the great Bay neere vnto the I le of Saint Iohn which is thirtie or fiue and thirtie leagues long and is sixe leagues distant from the South shoare There is also another little Riuer which falleth almost in the mid way of that whereby Monsieur Preuert returned and there are as it were two kind of Lakes in the said Riuer Furthermore there is yet another small Riuer which goeth toward the Mountaine of the painting All these Riuers fall into the said Bay on the South-east part neere about the said Ile which the Sauages say there is of this white Metall On the North side of the said Bay are the Mynes of Copper where there is a good Hauen for ships and a small Iland at the mouth of the Hauen the ground is Oze and Sand where a man may run his ship on shoare From the said Myne to the beginning of the mouth of the said Riuers is some sixtie or eightie leagues by Land But by the Sea Coast according to my iudgement from the passage of the I le of Sain Lawrence and the Firme Land it cannot be past fiftie or sixtie leagues to the said Myne All this Countrey is exceeding faire and flat wherein are all sorts of trees which wee saw as wee went to the first Sault vp the great Riuer of Canada very small store of Firre-trees and Cypreâ—â—es And this of a truth is as much as I learned and heard of the said Monsieur Preuert BEfore we departed from Tadousac to returne into France one of the Sagamoz of the Mountayners named Bechourat gaue his Sonne to Monsieur du Pont to carrie him into France and he was much recommended vnto him by the Great Sagamo Anadabijou praying him to vse him well and to let him see that which the other two Sauages had seene which we had brought backe againe We prayed them to giue vs a woman of the Irocois whom they would haue eaten whom they gaue vnto vs and we brought her home with the foresaid Sauage Monsieur de Preuert in like manner brought home foure Sauages one man which is of the South Coast one woman and two children of the Canadians The foure and twentieth of August we departed from Gachepay the ship of the said Monsieur Preuert and ours The second of September we counted that wee were as farre as Cape Rase The fift day of the said moneth we entred vpon the Banke whereon they vse to fiâ—â— The sixteenth we were come into the Sounding which may be some fittie leagues distant from the Ushant The twentieth of the said moneth we arriued in New Hauen by the grace of God to all our contentments with a continuall fauourable wind CHAP. VII The Patent of the French King to Monsieur de MONTS for the inhabiting of the Countries of La Cadia Canada and other places in New France HEnry by the grace of God King of France and Nauarre To our deare and well beloued the Lord of Monts one of the ordinarie Gentlemen of our Chamber greeting As our greatest care and labour is and hath alwayes beene since our comming to this Crowne maintaine and conserue it in the ancient dignitie greatnesse and splendour thereof to extend and amplifie as much as lawfully may bee done the bounds and limits of the same We being of a long time informed of the situation and condition of the Lauds and Territories of La Cadia moued aboue all things with a singular zeale and deuout and constant resolution which we haue taken with the helpe and assistance of God Author Distributour and Protectour of all Kingdomes and Estates to cause the people which doe inhabit the Countrey men at this present time Barbarous Atheists without Faith or Religion to be conuerted to Christianitie and to the Beliefe and Profession of our Faith and Religion and to draw them from the ignorance and vnbeliefe wherein they are Hauing also of a long time knowne by the Relation of the Sea Captaines Pilots Merchants and others who of long time haue haunted frequented and trafficked with the people that are found in the said places how fruitfull commodious and profitable may be vnto vs to our Estates and Subiects the Dwelling Possession and Habitation of those Countries for the great and apparent profit which may be drawne by the greater frequentation and habitude which may bee had with the people that are found there and the Trafficke and Commerce which may be by that meanes safely treated and negotiated We then for these causes fully trusting on your great wisdome and in the knowledge and experience that rou haue of the qualitie condition and situation of the said Countrie of La Cadia for diuers and sundry Nauigations Voyages and Frequentations that you haue made into those parts and others neere and bordering vpon it Assuring our selues that this our resolution and intention being committed vnto you you will attentiuely diligently and no lesse couragiously and valorously execute and bring to such perfection as we desire Haue expresly appointed and established you and by these Presents signed with our owne hands doe commit ordaine make constitute and establish you our Lieutenant Generall for to represent our person in the Countries Territories Coasts and Co fines of La Cadia To begin from the 40. degree vnto the 46. And in the same distance or part of it as farre as may bee done to establish extend and make to be knowne our Name Might and Authoritie And vnder the same to subiect submit and bring to obedience all the people of the said Land and the Borderers thereof And by the meanes thereof and all lawfull wayes to call make instruct prouoke and incite them to the knowledge of God and to the light of the Faith and Christian Religion to establish it there And in the exercise and profession of the same keepe and conserâ—â— the said people and all other Inhabitants in the said places and there to command in peace rest and tranquillâ—â—ie as well by Sea as by Land to ordaine decide and cause to bee executed all that which you shall iudge fit and necessarie to be done for
vnto me they were presently set vpon by the Sauages of the Country and it was behoouefull vnto them to stand in good order well to deâ—end themselues after the said Champlein had receiued a blow on the chine bone whereof he is not yet fully healed Since he made a confederacy with other Nations of those parts farther distant from the mouth of the Lake who promised him that the next yeare following which is this yeare 1611. they would conduct him with all assurance as far as the farthest end of the said Lake He for his part promised them faire and shewed them as well as he could the greatnesse of our King and of his Kingdome and for to make them certaine thereof he tooke with him a yong man sonne of a Captaine of those parts called Sauignon a man of a good shape strong vigorous and of great courage whom he hath brought into France to make report vpon his returne of that which he hath seene This Country by the report of the said Champlein is one of the fairest Countries of the world much tilled abounding with chase Deere and Fish Vines Hempe good Roots Walnut-trees Chestnut-trees Plumtrees and others There are store of Beuers along this Lake but the Inhabitants doe burne them as here wee burne Hogges and so by that meanes that haire and wooll which we goe so farre of and with so many perils to seeke for is lost There are Beasts great and small differing from ours and Horses as the said Sauignon hath shewed vs by the neighing But I dare not giue for currant that which Monsieur de Monts hath recited vnto me that these Nations haue tame Beares which they teach to carry them vpon trees for want of ladders They haue Forts such as they of Virnia haue which are great inclosures with trees ioyned together in forme like a Pale and within those inclosures are houses made two or three stories high The lower and higher parts doe serue for the men when they must defend themselues from the assalts of their enemies For in the lower parts there are big Bowes for the bending of which the strength of six men is required and they haue Arrowes that knocke downe men Aboue they haue murthering holes or battlements from whence to fling or cast stones and also to shoote with Bowes when they will hit their enemies a farre off In the middle roomes are the women which faile not in doing that helpe which their sexe may affoord And in this middle story they lay vp their Corne and other prouisions Champlein promiseth vs neuer to giue ouer vntill he haue pierced as farre as to the Western Sea or that of the North to open the way of China in vaine by so many thought for As for the Western Sea I beleeue that at the farther end of the greatest Lake which is very far beyond that whereof we spake of in this Chapter there will be found some great Riuer which will fall into the same or issue from it as doth that of Canada and neuer into the said Westerne Sea And as for the Northerne Sea there is hope to come neere to it by the Riuer of Saguenay there being but small distance from the head of the said Riuer to the said Sea It is now fit to speake of Monsieur de Poutrincourt a Gentleman of long time resolute in these actions who hauing made his preparation at Diepe set saile the 25. of February 1610. with a number of honest men and Artificers This Nauigation hath bin very tedious and troublesome for from the beginning they were driuen within sight of the Azores and from thence almost continually beaten with contrary windes by the space of two moneths during which time as idle people doe commonly occupie their spirits in euill some by secret practises durst conspire against their Captaine whom notwithstanding the said Poutrincourt according to his accustomed clemency did pardon Hauing made a reuiew of that coast he came into Port Royall where he brought much consolation to the Sauages of that place As for the buildings they were found all whole except the couering and euery parcell of houshold stuffe in the same place where they were left The first care that the said Monsieur de Poutrincourt haâ— was for the tillage of the ground and to dispose it to receiue the seede of corne for the yeare following which being finished hee would not neglect that which belonged to the spiritualty and whereunto the chiefest arme of his trauailes did tend which was to procure the saluation of those poore sauage and barbabarous people After necessary instruction giuen they were baptized vpon Saint Iohn Baptist his day the foure and twentieth of Iune 1610. to the number of one and twenty persons to euery one of which was giuen the name of some great or notable person of these parts 1. Membertou great Sagamos being aboue an hundred yeares of age was baptized by Sir Iesse Fleche Prieste and named by Monsieur de Poutrincourt Henry after the Kings name 2. Actaudinech third Sonne of the said Henry Membertou was by the said Poutrincourt named Paul aâ—ter the name of Pope Paul 3. The wife of the said Henry was named by the said Poutrincourt after the Qâ—eenes name that is to say Marie 4. Mombertocoichis alias Iudas elder sonne to Membertou being aboue sixety yeares old was alâ—o baptized and by Monsieur de Biencour named Lewes after the name of my Lord the Daulphin c. Membertou chiefe Sagamos of these Countries moued with a religious zeale but without knowledge saith that he will denounce open wars against all them that will refuse to become Christians Shortly after these spirituall regenerations Monsieur de Poutrincourt his son was sent backe into France to take a new charge In doing whereof he certified the Queene what had bin done in those Christenings whereby she receiued a marueilous contentment But this one things is to be noted that though the Nauigation were tedious in going yet in the returne it was very short for being come to the fishing banke which is fiftie leagues on this side New-found-land he was brought in a fortnight into France in which time they commonly make their returne Vpon the Banke they heare the newes of our good Kings death whose soule resteth with God and whose posterity we pray God to blesse The Author reports another Voyage 1611. by the Lord of Sant Iust but I haue haste to the English Plantation for whose sake these are published there being no great matter of history of those parts therein As for the Articles of a Societie concluded and the names of those which entred therein till we haue greater effect thereof I shall not trouble you with the recitall thereof CHAP. IX The first plantation of English Colonies in Virginia briefely mentioned SIr Walter Raleigh a man more famous then happy had obtained of Queene Elizabeth of glorious memory a Patent
by West The eight wee kept the same course The ninth we kept still the same course The winde beganne to vere some thing to the Southward which had beene constant still from the Ilands of the Canaries vnto the Ilands of the West Indies And now began the winde to draw towards the West and then is it as constant there The reason I deferre to longer consideration The current setteth out of the Gulfe of Mexico and from the mayne shore Sunday the tenth we kept still the same course and had now but a small gale almost becalmed The eleuenth we continued the same course with the same small gale we went North. Tuesday the twelfth we kept the same course if any at all for for the most part we were becalmed Wednesday the thirteenth the calme continued the Sunne being extremely hot in the calme Thursday the fourteenth the calme continued as hot as before These dayes we ayred our Newland fish called Poore Iohn which proued ill done For after it was ayred it rotted the sooner being burnt in the same On Friday the fifteenth God sent vs a reasonable gale The sixteenth and seuenteenth the calme came againe Munday we had a good gale and went North and by West and North North-west The nineteenth twentieth and one and twentieth we had an excellent gale and ranne North North-west Then we cast out the Lead and looked out for land but found no ground nor saw no land and therefore we much doubted that the current had set vs very farre to the leeward of the place which wee were bound for being the Chesepian Bay but that could not be knowne till it pleased God to bring vs to land In the afternoone about sixe of the clocke we cast out the Lead againe and had ground in thirtie fathomes whereof we were glad and thanked God knowing we could not be farre from land Saturday the three and twentieth in the morning about eight of the clocke wee saw land in the height of 40. degrees and odde minutes very fine low land appearing farre off to bee full of tall Trees and a fine sandie shoare but a great siege we saw no Harbour and therefore coasted along to seeke one to the Northward the wind being at West Sunday the foure and twentieth the wind being about the North-east we beat hard to fetch an Head-land where we thought we saw an Harbour but when we came vp with it wee perceiued it was none and all our labour lost And therefore the wind beeing now more full in our teeth at the North-east wee considered it were better to put roome so that if the winde should stand then we should fetch the Bay of Chesepian which Master Gilbert so much thirsted after to seeke out the people for Sir Walter Raleigh left neere those parts in the yeere 1587. if not perhaps we might find some Road or Harbour in the way to take in some fresh water for now wee had none aboord On Munday the fiue and twentieth of Iuly at night wee came neere the mouth of the Bay but the wind blew so sore and the Sea was so high that the Master durst not put in that night into the Sea and so continued next day On Wednesday the seuen and twentieth at night the winde came faire againe and wee bare againe for it all night and the wind presently turned againe Thursday the eight and twentieth considering our extremitie for water and wood victuals and beere likewise consuming very fast we could no longer beate for it and therefore ran roomer determining for this time to seeke it no more Friday the nine and twentieth being not farre from the shoare which appeared vnto vs exceeding pleasant and full of goodly Trees and with some shew of the entrance of a Riuer our Captaine Baxtholomew Gilbert accompanied with Master Thomas Canner a Gentleman of Bernards Inne Richard Harison the Masters Mate Henry Kenton our Chirurgion and one Derricke a Dutchman went on shore in the Boate from the ship which lay aboue a mile from the land and with their weapons marched vp into the Countrey leauing two youths to keepe the Boate but shortly after the Indians set vpon them and one or two of them fell downe wounded in sight of our yong men that kept the Boat which had much a doe to saue themselues and it For some of the Indians roming downe to them would haue haled it on shore which notwithstanding they saued and with heauie hearts gat vnto the ship with the losse of their Captain and foure of their principall men Thus being but eleuen men and Boyes in all in the ship though our want of water and wood were great yet wee durst not aduenture the losse of any more of our small company in this place Therefore our Master Henry Sute tooke his course home for England by the Iâ—es of the Açores and fell first with the Pike and afterward entring into our Chanell had first sight of Portland and thence came vp the Riuer of Thames vnto Rateliffe about the end of September 1603. finding the Citie most grieuously infected with a terrible plague CHAP. XIII Extracts of a Virginian Voyage made An. 1605. by Captaine GEORGE WAYMOVTH in the Arch-angell Set forth by the Right Honorable HENRY Earle of South-hampton and the Lord TMOMAS ARVNDEL written by IAMES ROSIER VPon Easter day the last of March the winde comming at North North-east about fiue of the clocke after noone we weighed anchor and put to Sea from the Downes in the Name of God being very well victualled and furnished with Munition and all necessaries our whole companie being nine and twenty persons of whom I dare boldly say few Voyages haue beene manned forth with better Sea-men generally in respect of our small number Munday the thirteenth of May about eleuen of the clocke in the fore-noone our Captaine iudging we were not farre from Land sounded and we had soft oze in an hundred and sixty fathome at foure of the clocke after noone wee sounded againe and had the like oze in an hundred fathome From ten a clocke that night till three a clocke in the morning our Captain tooke in all Sayles and lay at hull being desirous to fall with the Land in the day time because it was an vnknown Coast which it pleased God in his mercy to grant vs otherwise surely we had runne our Shippe vpon the hidden Rockes and perished all for when we set sayle we sounded in an hundred fathom and by eight a clocke hauing not made aboue fiue or sixe leagues our Captaine vpon a sudden change of water supposing verily he saw the sand presently sounded and had but fiue fathome much maruelling because we saw no Land he sent one to the top who descried a whitish sandy Clisse which bare West North-west about sixe leagues off but comming neerer within three or foure leagues we saw many breaches still neerer the Land At last we espied a great
called Mathias de Alburkerke sailed had only gotten to India as afterward newes thereof was brought ouer Land hauing beene at the least eleuen monethes at Sea and neuer saw Land and came in great misery to Malacca In this ship there died by the way two hundred and eightie men according to a note by himselfe made and sent to the Cardinall at Lisbon with the names and surnames of euery man together with a description of his Voyage and the misery they had indured which was only done because he would not lose the gouernment of India and for that cause he had sworne either to lose his life or to arriue in India as indeed he did afterwards but to the great danger losse and hinderance of his company that were forced to buy it with their liues and onely for want of prouision as it may well bee thought for he knew full well that if he had returned backe againe into Portingall as the other ships did hee should haue beene casheered from his Indian Regiment because the people began alreadie to murmurre at him for his proude and loftie minde And among other things that shewed his pride the more behind aboue the Gallery of his ship he caused Fortune to be painted and his owne Picture with a staffe standing by her as it were threatning Fortune with this Poesie Quero que vencas that is I will haue thee to ouercome which beeing read by the Cardinall and other Gentlemen that to honour him aboord his ship it was thought to be a point of exceeding folly But it is no strange matter among the Portingalls for they aboue all others must of force Let the Foole peepe out of their sleeues specially when they are in authoritie for that I knew the said Mathias de Alberkerk in India being a Souldier and a Captaine where he was esteemed and accounted for one of the best of them and much honoured and beloued of all men as behauing himselfe courteously to euery man whereby they all desired that he might be Vice-roy But when he once had receiued his Patent with full power and authoritie from the King to be Vice-roy hee changed so much from his former behauiour that by reason of his pride they all began to feare and curse him and that before he departed out of Lisbon as it is often seene in many men that are aduanced vnto state and dignitie The twentieth of Ianuary Anno 1591. there was newes brought out of Portingall into Tercera that the Englishmen had taken a ship that the King had sent into the Portingall Indies with aduise to the Vice-roy for the returning againe of the foure ships that should haue gone to India and because the ships were come backe againe that ship was stuffed and laded as full of goods as possible it might be hauing likewise in ready money fiue hundred thousand Duckets in Rials of eight besides other wares It departed from Lisbone in the moneth of Nouember 1590. and met with the Englishmen with whom for a time it fought but in the end it was taken and carried into England with men and all yet when they came there the men were set at libertie and returned into Lishone where the Captaine was committed Prisoner but hee excused himselfe and was released with whom I spake my selfe and he made this report vnto me At the same time also they tooke a ship that came from the Myne laden with Gold and two ships laden with Pepper and Spices that were to saile into Italie the Pepper onely that was in them being worth 170000. Duckets all these ships were carried into England and made good prize In the moneth of Iuly An. 1591. there happened an Earth-quake in the Iland of S. Michaell which continued from the six and twentieth of Iuly to the twelfth of August in which time no man durst stay within his house but fled into the fields fasting and praying with great sorrow for that many of their houses fell downe and a Towne called Villa Franca was almost cleane razed to the ground all the Cloysters and houses shaken to the earth and therein some people slaine The Land in some places rose vp and the Cliffes remooued from on place to another and some Hils were defaced and made euen with the ground The Earthquake was so strong that the ships which lay in the Road and on the Sea shaked as if the World would haâ—e turned round there sprang also a Fountaine out of the earth from whence for the space of foure dayes there flowed a most cleare water and after that it ceased At the same time they heard such thunder and noise vnder the earth as if all the Diuels in hell had beene assembled together in that place wherewith many died for feare The Iland of Tercera shooke foure times together so that it seemed to turne about but there happened no misfortune vnto it Earthquakes are common in those Ilands for about twenty yeares past there happened another earthquake where in a high Hill that lyeth by the same towne of Villa Franca fell halfe downe and couered all the towne with earth and killed many men The fiue and twentieth of August the Kings Armada comming out of Farol arriued in Tercera being in all thirty Ships Biskates Portugals and Spaniards and ten Dutch flye-boates that were arested in Lisbone to serue the King besides other small Ships Pataxos that came to serue as messengers from place to place and to discouer the Seas This Nauie came to stay for and conuoy the Sâ—â—ps that should come from the Spanish Indies and the flye-boates were appointed in their returne home to take in the goods that were saued in the lost Ship that came from Malacca and to conuoy it to Lisbone The thirteenth of September the said Armado arriued at the Iland of Coruo where the Englishmen with about sixteene Ships as then lay staying for the Spanish Fleete whereof some or the most part were come and there the English were in good hope to haue taken them But when they perceiued the Kings Army to be strong the Admirall being the Lord Thomas Howard commanded his Fleete not to fall vpon them nor any of them once to seperate their Shippes from him vnlesse he gaue commission so to doe notwithstanding the Vice-Admirall Sir Richard Greenfield being in the Ship called the Reuenge went into the Spanish Fleete and shot among them doing them great hurt and thinking the rest of the company would haue followed which they did not but left him there and sailed away the cause why they could not know which the Spaniards perceiuing with seuen or eight Ships they boorded her but she withstood them all fighting with them at the least twelue houres together and sunke two of them one being a new double Flie-boate of twelue thousand tunnes and Admirall of the Flie-boates the other a Biscaine But in the end by reason of the number that came vpon her she was taken but to their great losse
of this their imployment sent presently his Messengers to Captaine Smith to signifie it was not his fault to detayne them nor hinder his men from executing his command nor did hee nor would he mayntaine them or any to occasion his displeasure But ere this businesse was brought to a point God hauing seene our misery sufficient sent in Captaine Argall to fish for Sturgeon with a ship well furnished with Wine and Bisket which though it was not sent vs such were our occasions we tooke it at a price but left him sufficient to returne for England still dissembling Valdo his villany but certainly he had not escaped had the President continued Notwithstanding this Valdo comming for England pretending to the Company what rich Mynes he had found for which he was verie much fauoured rewarded and respected but returning with the Lord La-ware he could not performe any thing hee promised and thus also hauing coozened them all died both basely and miserably For the rest of his Consorts vpon the arriuall of the Lord La-ware whom they highly recommended to Powhatan promising what great wonders they would worke with his Lordship would he giue them leaue to goe to him but when he saw they would be gone he replied as you would haue betrayed Captaine Smith to me so will you me to this Lord for you that would be so false to him cannot be true to me so caused his men to beat out their braines as the Sauages reported to diuers that came from thence TO redresse those iarres and ill proceedings the Councell in England altered the gouernment and deuolued the authoritie to the Lord De-la-ware Who for his Deputie sent Sir Thomas Gales and Sir George Somers with nine ships and fiue hundred persons they set saile from England in May 1609. a small Catch perished at Sea in a Herycano The Admirall with 150. men with the two Knights and their new Commission their Bils of loading with all manner of directions and the most part of their prouision arriued not With the other seuen as Captaines arriued Ratliffe whose right name was Sickelmore Martin and Archer Who as they had beene troublesome at Sea began againe to marre all ashore For though as is said they were formerly deposed and sent for England yet now returning againe graced by the title of Captaines of the passengers seeing the Admirall wanting and great probabilitie of her losse strengthned themselues with those new Companies so railing and exclayming against Captaine Smith that they mortally hated him ere euer they saw him Who vnderstanding by his Scowts the arriuall of such a fleet little dreaming of any such supply supposing them Spaniards he so determined and ordered his affaires as we little feared their arriuall nor the successe of our incounter nor were the Sauages any way negligent or vnwilling to aide and assist vs with their best power had it so beene we had beene happy For we would not haue trusted them but as our foes whereas receiuing those as our Countrimen and friends they did their best to murder our President to surprize the store the Fort and our Lodgings to vsurpe the gouernment and make vs all their seruants and slaues to our owne merit To a thousand mischiefes those lewd Captaines led this lewd company wherein were many vnruly Gallants packed thether by their friends to escape ill Destinies and those would dispose and determine of the gouernment sometimes one the next day another to day the old Commission to morrow the new the next day by neither In fine they would rule all or ruine all yet in Charitie wee must endure them thus to destroy vs or by correcting their follies haue brought the Worlds censure vpon vs to haue beene guiltie of their blouds Happie had we beene had they neuer arriued and wee for euer abandoned and as wee were left to our fortunes for on Earth was neuer more confusion or misery then their factions occasioned The President seeing the desire those Braues had to rule seeing how his authoritie was so vnexpectedly changed would willingly haue left all and returned for England but seeing there was small hope this new Commission would arriue longer hee would not suffer those factious spirits to proceed It would be too tedious too strange and almost incredible should I particularly relate the infinite dangers plots and practises hee daily escaped amongst this factious crue the chiefe whereof hee quickly laid by the heeles till his leasure better serued to doe them Iustice and to take away all occasions of further mischiefe Master Percie had his request granted to returne for England and Master West with one hundred and twentie went to plant at the Falls Martin with neere as many to Nansamund with their due proportions of all prouisions according to their numbers Now the Presidents yeere being neere expired he made Martin President who knowing his owne insufficieâ—cie and the Companies scorne and conceit of his vnworthinesse within three houres resigned it againe to Captaine Smith and at Nansamund thus proceeded The people being Contributors vsed him kindly yet such was his iealous feare and cowardize in the midst of his mirth he did surprize this poore naked King with his Monuments Houses and the I le hee inhabited and there fortified himselfe but so apparantly distracted with feare as imboldned the Sauages to assault him kill his men redeeme their King gather and carrie away more then one thousand bushels of Corne he not once daring to intercept them But sent to the President then at the Falls for thirtie good shot which from Iames Towne immediatly were sent him but he so well imployed them as they did iust nothing but returned complayning of his childishnesse that with them fled from his company and so left them to their fortunes Master West hauing seated his men at the Falls presently returned to reuisit Iames Towne the President met him by the way as hee followed him to the Falls where hee found this Company inconsiderately seated in a place not only subiect to the Riuers inundation but round inuironed with many intollerable inconueniences For remedy whereof hee sent presently to Powhatan to sell him the place called Powhatan promising to defend him against the Monacans and these should be his conditions with his people to resigne him the Fort and Houses and all that Countrey for a proportion of Copper that all stealing offenders should bee sent him there to receiue their punishment that euery House as a custome should pay him a bushell of Corne for an inch square of Copper and a proportion of Poâ—ones as a yeerely Tribute to King Iames for their protection as a dutie what else they could spare to barter at their best discretion But both this excellent place and those good conditions did those furies refuse contemning both him his kinde care and authoritie the worst they could to shew their spight they did I doe more then wonder to thinke how only with fiue men
little tasted of those great proportions for their prouisions as they of our miseries that notwithstanding euer swayd and ouerruled the businesse though wee did liue as is said three yeeres chiefly of what this good Countrey naturally affordeth yet now had wee beene in Paradice it selfe with those Gouernours it would not haue beene much better with vs yet were there some amongst vs who had they had the gouernment would surely haue kept vs from those extreamities of miseries that in ten dayes more would haue supplanted vs all by death Thus you see the miserable ends of those vsurping Commanders for all their greatnesse Oratory and long being there and what is the want of owne man in Authoritie that is honest and valiant discreet and industrious and how easily that may also be blemished by ambitious indiscretion or what did binder them now in his absence they had not done much better then hee hauing all these aduantages But God that would not it should bee vnplanted sent Sir Thomas Gates and Sir George Summers with one hundred and fiftie men most happily preserued by the Bermudas to preserue vs. But when those noble Knights did see our miseries being strangers in the Countrey and could vnderstand no more of the cause but by their coniecture of our clamours and complaints of accusing or excusing one another they imbarked vs with themselues with the best meanes they could and abandoning Iames Towne set saile for England But yet God would not so haue it for ere wee left the Riuer wee met the Lord de-la-ware then gouernour of the Countrey with three Ships exceeding well furnished with all necessaries fitting who againe returned them to the abandoned Iames Towne the ninth of Iune 1610. accompanied with Sir Ferdinando Waiâ—â—an and diuers other Gentlemen of sort Sir George Sommers and Captaine Argall he presently dispatcheth to repaire to the Bermudas to furnish them with prouision Sir Thomas Gates for England to helpe forward their supplies himselfe neglected not the best was in his power for the furtherance of the businesse and regaining what was lost But euen in the beginning of his proceedings his Lordship had such an incounter that after eight months sicknesse he was forced to saue his life by his returne for England In this time Argall not finding the Bermudas hauing lost Sir George Sâ—mers at sea fell on the coast of Sagadahock where refreshing himselfe he found a conuenient fishing for Cod. With a taste whereof he returned to Iames Towne from whence the Lord De-la-ware sent him to trade in the Riuer of Patawomeck where finding an English boy those people had preserued from the fury of Powhatan by his acquaintance had such good vsage of those kind Sauages that they fraughted his Ship with Corne wherewith he returned to Iames Towne and so for England with the Lord Gouernour yet before his returne the aduenturers had sent Sir Thomas Dale with three Ships men and cattell and all other prouisions necessarie for a yeere all which arriued the tenth of May 1611. Againe to second him with all possible expedition there was prepared for Sir Thomas Gates sixe tall Ships with three hundred men and one hundred Kine with other cattell with munition and all manner of prouision could be thought needfull and they arriued about the first of August next after safely at Iames Towne Sir George Somers all this time was supposed lost but thus it hapned missing the Barmudas hee fell also as did Argall with Sagadahock where being refreshed would not content himselfe with that repulse but returned againe in the search and there safely arriued But ouertoyling himselfe on a surfet died And in this Cedar Ship built by his owne directions and partly with his owne hands that had not in her any Iron but onely one bolt in her Keele yet well endured thus tossed to and againe in this mightie Ocean till with his dead bodie she arriued in England and at Whitchurch in Dorsetshire his body by his friends was honourably buried with mane volies of shot and the rites of a Souldier c. But thus much may serue as the argument of the discourses following and as the Prologue to the Virginian Scene where we will first produce M. Archer after whose succinct narration M. Strachies copious discourse shall feast you with the liuely expression of others miseries and Barmudas happy discouery in Rhetorickes Full sea and spring tide CHAP. V. A Letter of M. GABRIEL ARCHAR touching the Voyage of the Fleet of Ships which arriued at Virginia without Sir THO. GATES and Sir GEORGE SVMMERS 1609. FRom Woolwich the fifteenth of May 1609 seuenth saile weyed anchor and came to Plimmouth the twentieth day where Sir George Somers with two small Vessels consorted with vs. Here we tooke into the Blessing being the ship wherein I went fixe Mares and two Horses and the Fleet layed in some necessaries belonging to the action In which businesse we spent time till the second of lune And then wee set sayle to Sea but crost by South-west windes we put in to Faulemouth and there staying till the eight of Iune we then gate out Our Course was commanded to leaue the Canaries one hundred leagues to the Eastward at least and to steere away directly for Virginia without touching at the West Indies except the Fleet should chance to be separated then they were to repaire to the Bermuda there to stay seuen dayes in expectation of the Admirall and if they found him not then to take their course to Virginia Now thus it happened about sixe dayes after we lost the sight of England one of Sir George Somers Pinnasses left our company and as I take it bare vp for England the rest of the ships viz. The Sea Aduenture Admirall wherein was Sir Thomas Gates Sir George Somer and Captaine Newport The Diamond Vice-admirall wherein was Captaine Ratcliffe and Captaine King The Falcon Reare-admirall in which was Captaine Martin and Master Nellson The Blessing wherein I and Captaine Adams went The Vnitie wherein Captaine Wood and Master Pett were The Lion wherein Captaine Webb remained And the Swallow of Sir George Somers in which Captaine Moone and Master Somer went In the Catch went one Matthew Fitch Master and in the Boat of Sir George Somers called the Virginia which was built in the North Colony went one Captaine Davies and one Master Davies These were the Captatines and Masters of our Fleet. We ran a Southerly course froâ— the Tropicke of Cancer where hauing the Sun within sixe or seuen degrees right ouer our head in Iuly we bore away West so that by the feruent heat and loomes breezes many of our men fell sicke of the Calenture and out of two ships was throwne ouer-boord thirtie two persons The Viceadmirall was said to haue the plague in her but in the Blessing we had not any sicke albeit we had twenty women and children Vpon Saint Iames day being about one hundred
and fiftie leagues distant from the West Indies in crossing the Gulfe of Bahoma there hapned a most terrible and vehement storme which was a taile of the West Indian Horacano this tempest seperated all our Fleet one from another and it was so violent that men could scarce stand vpon the Deckes neither could any man heare another speake being thus diuided euery man steered his owne course and as it fell out about fiue or sixe dayes after the storme ceased which endure fortie foure houres in extremitie The Lion first and after the Falcon and the Vnitie got sight of our Shippe and so we lay a way directly for Virginia finding neither current nor winde opposite as some haue reported to the great charge of our Counsell and Aduenturers The Vnity was sore distressed when she came vp with vs for of seuenty land men she had not ten sound and all her Sea men were downe but onely the Master and his Boy with one poore sailer but we relieued them and we foure consorting fell into the Kings Riuer haply the eleuenth of August In the Vnity were borne two children at Sea but both died being both Boyes When wee came to Iames Towne we found a Ship which had bin there in the Riuer a moneth before we came this was sent out of England by our Counsels leaue and authority to fish for Sturgeon and to goe the ready way without tracing through the Torrid Zoan and shee performed it her Commander was Captaine Argoll a good Marriner and a very ciuill Gentleman and her Master one Robert Tindall The people of our Colonie were found all in health for the most part howbeit when Captaine Argoll came in they were in such distresse for many were dispersed in the Sauages townes liuing vpon their almes for an ounce of Copper a day and fourescore liued twenty miles from the Fort and fed vpon nothing but Oysters eight weekes space hauing no other allowance at all neither were the people of the Country able to relieue them if they would Whereupon Captaine Newport and others haue beene much to blame to informe the Counsell of such plenty of victuall in this Country by which meanes they haue beene slacke in this supply to giue conuenient content Vpon this you that be aduenturers must pardon vs if you finde not returne of Commodity so ample as you may expect because the law of nature bids vs seeke sustenance first and then to labour to content you afterwards But vpon this point I shall be more large in my next Letter After our foure Ships had bin in harbour a few dayes came in the Viceadmirall hauing cut her maine Most ouer boord and had many of her men very sicke and weake but she could tell no newes of our Gouernour and some three or foure dayes after her came in the Swallow with her maine Mast ouerboord also and had a shrewd leake neither did she see our Admirall Now did we all lament much the absence of our Gouernour for contentions began to grow and factions and partakings c. Insomuch as the President to strengthen his authority accorded with the Mariners and gaue not any due respect to many worthy Gentlemen that came in our Ships whereupon they generally hauing also my consent chose Master West my Lord de la Wars brother to be their Gouernour or president de bene esse in the absence of Sir Thomas Gates or if he miscarried by Sea then to continue till we heard newes from our Counsell in England This choice of him they made not to disturbe the old President during his time but as his authority expired then to take vpon him the sole gouenment with such assistants of the Captaines as discreetest persons as the Colonie afforded Perhaps you shall haue it blazoned a mutenie by such as retaine old malice but Master West Master Percie and all the respected Gentlemen of worth in Virginia can and will testifie otherwise vpon their oathes For the Kings Patent we ratified but refused to be gouerned by the President that now is after his time was expired and onely subiected our selues to Master West whom we labour to haue next President I cannot certifie you of much more as yet vntill we grow to some certaine stay in this our state but by the other Ships you shall know more So with my harty commendations I cease From Iames Towne this last of Angust 1609. CHAP. VI. A true reportory of the wracke and redemption of Sir THOMAS GATES Knight vpon and from the Ilands of the Bermudas his comming to Virginia and the estate of that Colonie then and after vnder the gouernment of the Lord LA WARRE Iuly 15. 1610. written by WILLIAM STRACHY Esquire §. I. A most dreadfull Tempest the manifold deaths whereof are here to the life described their wracke on Bermuda and the description of those Ilands EXcellent Lady know that vpon Friday late in the euening we brake ground out of the Sound of Plymouth our whole Fleete then consisting of seuen good Ships and two Pinnaces all which from the said second of Iune vnto the twenty three of Iuly kept in friendly consort together not a whole watch at any time loosing the sight each of other Our course when we came about the height of betweene 26. and 27. degrees we declined to the Northward and according to our Gouernours instructions altered the trade and ordinary way vsed heretofore by Dominico and Meuis in the West Indies and found the winde to this course indeede as friendly as in the iudgement of all Sea-men it is vpon a more direct line and by Sir George Summers our Admirall had bin likewise in former time sailed being a Gentleman of approued assurednesse and ready knowledge in Sea-faring actions hauing often carried command and chiefe charge in many Ships Royall of her Maiesties and in sundry Voyages made many defeats and attempts in the time of the Spaniards quarrelling with vs vpon the Ilands and Indies c. We had followed this course so long as now we were within seuen or eight dayes at the most by Cap Newports reckoning of making Cape Henry vpon the coast of Virginia When on S. Iames his day Iuly 24. being Monday preparing for no lesse all the blacke night before the cloudes gathering thicke vpon vs and the windes singing and whistling most vnusually which made vs to cast off our Pinnace towing the same vntill then asterne a dreadfull storme and hideous began to blow from out the North-east which swelling and roaring as it were by â—â—ts some houres with more violence then others at length did beate all light from heauen which like an hell of darkenesse turned blacke vpon vs so much the more fuller of horror as in such cases horror and feare vse to ouerrunne the troubled and ouermastered sences of all which taken vp with amazement the eares lay so sensible to the terrible cries and murmurs of the
Beame sixe foote floore her Rake forward was fourteene foot her Rake aft from the top of her Post which was twelue foot long was three foot shee was eight foot deepe vnder her Beame betweene her Deckes she was foure foot and an halfe with a rising of halfe a foot more vnder her fore Castle of purpose to scowre the Decke with small shot if at any time wee should bee borded by the Enemie Shee had a fall of eighteene inches aft to make her sterage and her great Cabbin the more large her sterage was fiue foote long and sixe foote high with a close Gallerie right aft with a window on each side and two right aft The most part of her timber was Cedar which we found to be bad for shipping for that it is wonderous false inward and besides iâ— is so spault or brickle that it will make no good plankes her Beames were all Oke of our ruine ship and some plankes in her Bow of Oke and all the rest as is aforesaid When shee began to swimme vpon her launching our Gouernour called her The Deliuerance and shee might be some eighty tunnes of burthen Before we quitted our old quarter and dislodged to the fresh water with our Pinnasse our Gouernour set vp in Sir George Summers Garden a faire Muemosynon in figure of a Crosse made of some of the timber of our ruined shippe which was serued in with strong and great trunnels to a mightie Cedar which grew in the middest of the said Garden and whose top and vpper branches he caused to be lopped that the violence of the winde and weather might haue the lesse power ouer her In the middest of the Crosse our Gouernour fastened the Picture of his Maiestie in a piece of Siluer of twelue pence and on each side of the Crosse hee set an Inscription grauen in Copper in the Latine and English to this purpose In memory of our great Deliuerance both from a mightie storme and leake wee haue set vp this to the honour of God It is the spoyle of an English ship of three hundred tunne called the Sea Venture bound with seuen ships more from which the storme diuided vs to Virginia or Noua Britania in America In it were two Knights Sir Thomas Gates Knight Gouernour of the English Forces and Colonie there and Sir George Summers Knight Admirall of the Seas Her Captaine was Christopher Newport Passengers and Mariners shee had beside which came all safe to Land one hundred and fiftie We were forced to runne her ashore by reason of her leake vnder a Point that bore Southeast from the Northerne Point of the Iland which wee discouered first the eight and twentieth of Iuly 1609. About the last of Aprill Sir George Summers launched his Pinnasse and brought her from his building Bay in the Mayne Iland into the Chanuell where ours did ride and shee was by the Keele nine and twentie foot at the Beame fifteene foot and an halfe at the Loofe fourteene at the Trausam nine and she was eight foot deepe and drew sixe foote water and hee called heâ— the Patience §. III. Their departure from Bermuda and arriuall in Virginia miseries there departure and returne vpon the Lord LA WARRES arriuing IAMES Towne described FRom this time we only awaited a fauourable Westerly wind to carrie vs forth which longer then vsuall now kept at the East and South-east the way which wee were to goe The tenth of May early Sir George Summers and Captaine Newport went off with their long Boates and with two Canoaes boyed the Channell which wee were to leade it out in and which was no broader from Shoales on the one side and Rockes on the other then about three times the length of our Pinnasse About ten of the clocke that day being Thursday we set sayle an easie gale the wind at South and by reason no more winde blew we were faine to towe her with our long Boate yet neither with the helpe of that were we able to fit our Bowyes but euen when we came iust vpon them we strucke a Rocke on the starboord side ouer which the Bowye rid and had it not beene a soft Rocke by which meanes she bore it before her and crushed it to pieces God knowes we might haue beene like enough to haue returned anew and dwelt there after tenne monethes of carefulnesse and great labour a longer time but God was more mercifull vnto vs. When shee strucke vpon the Rocke the Cock-â—wayne one Walsingham beeing in the Boate with a quicke spirit when wee were all amazed and our hearts failed and so by Gods goodnesse wee led it out at three fadome and three fadome and an halfe water The wind serued vs easily all that day and the next when God be euer praysed for it to the no little ioy of vs all we got cleere of the Ilands After which holding a Southerly course for seuen dayes wee had the winde sometimes faire and sometimes scarce and contrarie in whâ—ch time we lost Sir George Summers twice albeit we still spared him our mayne top-sayle and sometimes our fore course too The seuenteenth of May we saw change of water and had much Rubbish swimme by our ship side whereby wee knew wee were not farre from Land The eighteenth â—bout midnight wee founded with the Dipsing Lead and found thirtie seuen fadome The nineteenth in the morning we sounded and â—ad nineteene and an halfe fadome stonie and sandie ground The twentieth about midnight we had a maruellous sweet smell from the shoare as from the Coast of Spaine short of the Straits strong and pleasant which did not a little glad vs. In the morning by day breake so soone as one might well see from the fore-top one of the Saylers descryed Land about an houre after I went vp and might discouer two Hummockes to the Southward from which Northward all along lay the Land which wee were to Coast to Cape Henrie About seuen of the clocke we cast forth an Anchor because the tyde by reason of the Freshet that set into the Bay make a strong Ebbe there and the winde was but easie so as not beeing able to stemme the Tyde we purposed to lye at an Anchor vntill the next flood but the wind comming South-west a loome gale about eleuen we set sayle againe and hauing got ouer the Barre bore in for the Cape This is the famous Chesipiacke Bay which wee haue called in honour of our young Prince Cape Henrie ouer against which within the Bay lyeth another Head-land which wee called in honour of our Princely Duke of Yorke Cape Charles and these lye North-east and by East and South-west and by West and they may bee distant each from the other in breadth seuen leagues betweene which the Sea runnes in as broad as betweene Queeneburrough and Lee. Indeed it is a goodly Bay and a fairer not easily to be found The one and twentieth beeing Munday in the morning wee came vp within
waited on to his house in the same manner And thus inclosed as I said round with a Pallizado of Planckes and strong Posts foure foote deepe in the ground of yong Oakes Walnuts c. The Fort is called in honour of his Maiesties name Iames Towne the principall Gate from the Towne through the Pallizado opens to the Riuer as at each Bulwarke there is a Gate likewise to goe forth and at euery Gate a Demi-Culuerin and so in the Market Place The houses first raised were all burnt by a casualty of fire the beginning of the second yeare of their seate and in the second Voyage of Captain Newport which since haue bin better rebuilded though as yet in no great vniformity either for the fashion or beauty of the streete A delicate wrought fine kinde of Mat the Indians make with which as they can be trucked for or snatched vp our people do dresse their chambers and inward roomes which make their houses so much the more handsome The houses haue wide and large Country Chimnies in the which is to be supposed in such plenty of wood what fires are maintained and they haue found the way to couer their houses now as the Indians with barkes of Trees as durable and as good proofe against stormes and winter weather as the best Tyle defending likewise the piercing Sunbeames of Summer and keeping the inner lodgings coole enough which before in sultry weather would be like Stoues whilest they were as at first pargetted and plaistered with Bitumen or tough Clay and thus armed for the iniury of changing times and seasons of the yeare we hold our selues well apaid though wanting Arras Hangings Tapistry and guilded Venetian Cordouan or more spruse houshold garniture and wanton City ornaments remembring the old Epigraph We dwell not here to build vs Bowers And Hals for pleasure and good cheere But Hals we build for vs and ours To dwell in them whilst we liue here True it is I may not excuse this our Fort or Iames Towne as yet seated in somewhat an vnwholesome and sickly ayre by reason it is in a marish ground low flat to the Riuer and hath no fresh water Springs seruing the Towne but what wee drew from a Well sixe or seuen fathom deepe fed by the brackish Riuer owzing into it from whence I verily beleeue the chiefe causes haue proceeded of many diseases and sicknesses which haue happened to our people who are indeede strangely afflicted with Fluxes and Agues and euery particular season by the relation of the old inhabitants hath his particular infirmity too all which if it had bin our fortunes to haue seated vpon some hill accommodated with fresh Springs and cleere ayre as doe the Natiues of the Country we might haue I beleeue well escaped and some experience we haue to perswade our selues that it may be so for of foure hundred and odde men which were seated at the Fals the last yeere when the Fleete came in with fresh and yong able spirits vnder the gouernment of Captain Francis West and of one hundred to the Seawards on the South side of our Riuer in the Country of the Nansamundes vnder the charge of Captaine Iohn Martin there did not so much as one man miscarry and but very few or none fall sicke whereas at Iames Towne the same time and the same moneths one hundred sickned halfe the number died howbeit as we condemne not Kent in England for a small Towne called Plumsted continually assaulting the dwellers there especially new commers with Agues and Feuers no more let vs lay scandall and imputation vpon the Country of Virginia because the little Quarter wherein we are set dowee vnaduisedly so chosed appeares to be vnwholesome and subiect to many ill ayres which accompany the like marish places §. IIII. The Lord La WARRES beginnings and proceedings in Iames Towne Sir THOMAS GATES sent into England his and the Companies testimony of Virginia and cause of the late miseries VPon his Lordships landing at the South gate of the Pallizado which lookes into the Riuer our Gouernour caused his Company in armes to stand in order and make a Guard It pleased him that I should beare his Colours for that time his Lordship landing fell vpon his knees and before vs all made a long and silent Prayer to himselfe and after marched vp into the Towne where at the Gate I bowed with the Colours and let them fall at his Lordships feete who passed on into the Chappell where he heard a Sermon by Master Bucke our Gouernours Preacher and after that caused a Gentleman one of his owne followers Master Anthony Scot his Ancient to reade his Commission which intituled him Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall during his life of the Colony and Plantation in Uirginia Sir Thomas Gates our Gouernour hitherto being now stiled therein Lieutenant Generall After the reading of his Lordships Commission Sir Thomas Gates rendred vp vnto his Lordship his owne Commission both Patents and the Counsell Seale after which the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall deliuered some few words vnto the Company laying many blames vpon them for many vanities and their Idlenesse earnestly wishing that he might no more finde it so least he should be compelled to draw the sword of Iustice to cut off such delinquents which he had much rather he protested draw in their defence to protect them from iniuries hartening them with the knowledge of what store of prouisions he had brought for them viz. sufficient to serue foure hundred men for one whole yeare The twelfth of Iune being Tuesday the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall did constitute and giue places of Office and charge to diuers Captaines and Gentlemen and elected vnto him a Counsell vnto whom he did administer an Oath mixed with the oath of Allegiance and Supremacy to his Maiestie which oath likewise he caused to be administred the next day after to euery particular member of the Colony of Faith Assistance and Secrecy The Counsaile which he elected were Sir Thomas Gates Kinght Lieutenant Generall Sir George Summers Knight Admirall Captaine George Percy Eâ—quire and in the Fort Captaine of fifty Sir Ferdinando Weinman Knight Master of the Ordnance Captaine Christopher Newport Vice-admirall William Strachei Esquire Secretary and Recorder As likewise the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall nominated Captaine Iohn Martin Master of the Battery workes for Steele and Iron and Captaine George Webb Sergeant Maior of the Fort and especiall Captaines ouer Companies were these appointed Captaine Edward Bruster who hath the command of his Honours owne Company Captaine Thomas Lawson Captain Thomas Holecroft Captaine Samuell Argoll Captaine George Yardley who commandeth the Lieutenant Generals Company Diuers other Officers were likewise made as Master Ralph Hamor and Master Browne Clarkes of the Counsell and Master Daniell Tucker and Master Robert Wilde Clarkes of the Store c. The first businesse which the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall after the
and dresse it D j laboribus omnia venduâ—â— God sels vs all things for our labour when Adam himselfe might not liue in Paradice without dressing the Garden Vnto idlenesse you may ioyne Treasons wrought by those vnhallowed creatures that for sooke the Colonie and exposed their desolate Brethren to extreame miserie You shall know that eight and twentie or thirtie of the Company were appointed in the ship called the Swallow to trucke for Corne with the Indians and hauing obtained a great quantitie by trading the most seditious of them conspired together perswaded some and enforced others to this barbarous protect They stole away the ship they made a league amongst themselues to be professed Pirats with dreames of Mountaines of Gold and happie Robberies thus at one instant they wronged the hopes and subuerted the cares of the Colonie who dependiâ—g vpon their returne fore-stowed to looke-out for further prouision ther created the Indians our implacable enemies by some violence they had affered they carried away the best ship which should hâ—ue beene a refuge in extremities they weakened our forces by substraction of their armes and succours These are that scumme of men that fayling in their Piracie that being pinched with famine and penurie after their wilde rouing vpon the Sea when all their lawlesse hopes failed some remayned with other Pirates they men vpon the Sea the others resolued to returne for England bound themselues by mutuall Oath to agree all in one report to discredit the Land to deploâ—e the famine and to protest that this their comming away proceeded from desperate necessitie These are they that roared out the Tragâ—call Historie of the man eating of his dead Wife in Virginia when the Master of this ship willingly confessed before for tie witnesses that at their comming away they left three monethes victuals and all the Cattell liuing in the Fort sometimes they reported that they saw this horrible action sometimes that Captaine Dauies said so sometimes that one Beadlâ— the Lieutenant of Captaine Dauies did relate it varying this report into diuersitie of false colours which bold no likenesse and proportion But to cleere all doubts Sir Thomas Gates thus relateth the Tragedie There was one of the Company who mortally hated his Wife and therefore secretly killed her then cut her in pieces and hid her in diuers parts of his House when the woman was missing the man suspected his House searched and parts of her mangled bodie were discouered to excuse himselfe he said that his Wife died that he hid her to satisfie his hunger and that hee sed dady vpon her Vpon this his House was againe searched where they found a good quantitie of Meale Oat-meale Beanes and Pease He thereupon was arraigned confessed the Murder and was burned for his horrible villany Now shall the scandalous reports of a viperous generation preponderate the testimonies of so worthy Leaders Shall their venemous tongues blast the reputation of an ancient and worthy Peere who vpon the ocular certainty of future blessings hath protested in his Letters that he will sacrifice himselfe for his Countrie in this seruice if he may be seconded and if the Company doe giue it ouer hee will yet lay all his fortunes vpon the prosecution of the Plantation Vnto Treasons you may ioyne couetousnesse in the Mariners who for their priuate lucre partly imbezeled the prouisions partly preuented our Trade with the Indians making the Matches in the night and forestalling our Market in the day whereby the Virginians were glutted with our Trifles and inhaunced the prices of their Corne and Victuall That Copper which before would haue prouided a bushell would not now obtaine so much as a Pottle Ioyne vnto these another euill there is great store of Fish in the Riuer especially of Sturgeon but our men prouided no more of them then for pâ—esent necessitie not barrelling vp any store against that season the Sturgeon returned to the Sea And not to dissemble their folly they suffered fourteene nets which was all they had to rot and spoyle which by orderly drying and mending might haue beene preserued but being lost all helpe of fishing perished The state of the Colony by these accidents began to finde a sensible declining which Powhatan as a greedy Vulture obseruing and boyling with desire of reuenge hee inuited Captaine Rateliffe and about thirty others to trade for Corne and vnder the colour of fairest friendship hee brought them within the compasse of his ambush whereby they were cruelly murthered and massacred For vpon confidence of his fidelitie they went one and one into seuerall houses which caused their seuerall destructions when if but any fixe had remained together they would haue beene a Bulwarke for the generall preseruation After this Powhatan in the night cut off some of our Boats he draue away all the Deere into the farther part of the Countrey hee and his people destroyed our Hogs to the number of about sixe hundred hee sent one of his Indians to trade with vs but layed secret ambushes in the Woods that if one or two dropped out of the Fort alone they were indangered Cast vp the reckoning together ward of gouernment store of idlenesse their expectations frustrated by the Traytos their market spoyled by the Mariners our Nets broken the Deere chased our Boats lost our Hogs killed our trade with the Indians forbidden some of our men fled some murthered and most by drinking of the brackish water of Iames Fort weakened and indangered famine and sicknesse by all these meanes increased here at home the monyes came in so slowly that the Lord Laware could not bee dispatched till the Colony was worne and spent with difficulties Aboue all hauing neither Ruler nor Preacher they neither feared God nor man which prouoked the wrath of the Lord of Hosts and pulled downe his iudgements vpon them Discite iustitiam moniti The Councell of Virginia finding the smalnesse of that returne which they hoped should haue defrayed the charge of a new supply entred into a deepe consultation and propounded amongst themselues whether it were fit to enter into a new contribution or in time to send for home the Lord La-ware and to abandon the action They resolued to send for Sir Thomas Gates who being come they adiured him to deale plainly with them and to make a true relation of those things which were presently to be had or hereafter to be hoped for in Virginia Sir Thomas Gates with a solemne and sacred oath replied that all things before reported were true that the Countrey yeelded abundance of Wood as Oake Wainscot Walnut Trees Bay Trees Ashe Sarsafrase liue Oake greene all the yeere Cedar and Fir which are the materialls of Soape ashes and Pot ashes of Oyles of Walnuts and Bayes of Pitch and Tâ—r of Clapboards Pipe-staues Masts and excellent boards of fortie fiftie and sixtie length and three foot breadth when one Firre tree is able to make the maine Mast of the greatest Ship in England He
am so farre from shrinking or giuing ouer this honourable Enterprize as that I am willing and readie to lay all that I am worth vpon the aduenture of the Action rather then so Honourable a Worke should faile and to returne with all the conuenient expedition I may beseeching your Lordships and the rest not onely to excuse my former wants happened by the Almightie Hand but to second my Resolutions with your friendly indeuours that both the State may receiue Honour your selues Profit and I future Comfort by beeing imployed though but as a weake Instrument in so great an Action And thus hauing plainly truly and briefly deliuered the cause of my returne with the state of our affaires as we now stand I hope euery worthy and indifferent hearer will by comparing my present resolution of returne with the necessitie of my comming home rest satisfied with this true and short Declaration CHAP. IX A Letter of Sir Samuell Argoll touching his Voyage to Virginia and Actions there Written to Master Nicholas Hawes Iune 1613. MAster Hawes within seuen weekes after my departure from the Coast of England being the three and twentieth of Iuly 1612. I fell with the Coast of Virginia in the Latituae of fortie degrees The twelfth of September with all my men in good health the number being sixtie two and all my victuals very well conditioned my course being fiftie leagues to the Northward of the Azores The seuenteenth I arriued at Point Comfort where by the discreet and prouident gouernment of Sir Thomas Gates and great paines and hazard of Sir Thomas Dale I found both the Countrey and people in farre better estate there then the report was by such as came home in Sir Robert Mansfields ship From my arriuall vntill the first of Nouember I spent my time in helping to repaire such ships and Boats as I found heere decayed for lacke of Pitch and Tarre and in pursuing the Indians with Sir Thomas Dale for their Corne of which we got some quantitie which we were like to haue bought very deerely for by the Prouidence of God Sir Thomas Dale escaped killing very narrowly Then about the beginning of Nouember by the aduice of Sir Thomas Gates I carried Sir Thomas Dale to Sir Thomas Smiths Iland to haue his opinion of the inhabiting of it who after three dayes march in discouering it approued very well of the place and so much the better because we found abundance of fish there and very great Cod which we caught in fiue fathome water of which we are in hope to get a great quantitie this Summer for the reliefe of our men as also to find safe passage for Boats and Barges thither by a cut out of the bottome of our Bay into the Dela Warre Bay For which fishing and better Discouery I haue my ship readie with my Company in as good health as at my arriuall and as they haue continued euer since for which God be glorified to whom we giue daily thankes for the continuance of his mercy After my returne from Sir Thomas Smiths Iland I fitted my ship to fetch Corne from Patowomeck by trading with the Indians and so set sayle from Point Comfort the first of December and being entred into Penbrooke Riuer I met with the King of Pastancie a hunting who went presently aboord with me seeming to be very glad of my comming and told me that all the Indians there were my very great friends and that they had good store of Corne for mee which they had prouided the yere before which we found to be true Then I carried my ship presently before his Towne and there 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a 〈◊〉 shallop to get the Corne aboord withall which being done and hauing concluded a peace with diuers other Indian Lords and likewise giuen and taken Hostages I hasted to Iames Towne beeing the first of Ianuary and arriued at Point Comfort the first of February In this Uoyage I got 1100. bushels of Corne which I deliuered into the seuerall Store-houses according vnto the direction of Sir T. Gates besides the quantitie of 300. bushels reserued for mine Company As soone I had vnladen this Corne I set my men to the felling of Timber for the building of a Frigat which I left halfe finished in the hands of the Carpenters at Point Comfort the 19. of March and returned my selfe with the ship into Pembrook Riuer and so discouered to the head of it which is about 65. leagues into the Land and nauigable for any ship And then marching into the Countrie I found great store of Cattle as big as Kine of which the Indians that were my guides killed a couple which wee found to be very good and wholsome meate and are very easie to be killed in regard they are heauy sl 〈…〉 and not so wild as other beasts of the Wildernesse In this iournie I likewise found a Myne of which I haue sent a triall into England and likewise a strange kind of Earth the vertue whereof I know not but the Indians eate it for Physicke alleaging that it cureth the sicknesse and paine of the belly I likewise found a kind of water issuing out of the Earth which hath a tart taste much like vnto Allum-water it is good and wholsome for my men did drinke much of it and neuer found it otherwise I also found an earth like a Gumme white and cleere another sort red like Terra sigillata another very white and of so light a substance that being cast into the water it swimmeth Whilst I was in this businesse I was told by certaine Indians my friends that the Great Powhatans Daughter Pokahuntis was with the great King Patowo neck whether I presently repaired resoluing to possesse my selfe of her by any stratagem that I could vse for the ransoming of so many Englishmen as were prisoners with Powhatan as also to get such armes and tooles as hee and other Indians had got by murther and stealing from others of our Nation with some quantitie of Corne for the Colonies reliefe So soone as I came to an anchor before the Towne I manned my Boate and sent on shoare for the King of Pastancy and Ensigne Swift whom I had left as a pledge of our loue and truce the Voyage before who presently came and brought my pledge with him whom after I had receiued I brake the matter to this King and told him that if he did not betray Pokohuntis into my hands wee would be no longer brothers nor friends Hee alleaged that if hee should vndertake this businesse then Powhatan would make warres vpon him and his people but vpon my promise that I would ioyne with him against him hee repaired presently to his brother the great King of Patowomeck who being made acquainted with the matter called his Counsell together and after some few houres deliberation concluded rather to deliuer her into my hands then lose my friendship so presently he betrayed her into my Boat wherein I carried
night to the harbour that we were in at our entring which we call Flag-staffe Harbour because we found there the Flag-staffe throwne by the Sauages away These Sauages by all likelihood were animated to come vnto vs by reason that wee tooke nothing from them at Sauage Bay and some of them may be of those which dwell there For in no other place where we were could we perceiue any tokens of any aboade of them c. CHAP. VIII Captaine RICHARD WHITBOVRNES Voyages to New-found-land and obseruations there and thereof taken out of his Printed Booke IT it well knowne that my breeding and course of life hath beene such as that I haue long time set many people on worke and spent most of my daies in trauell specially in Merchandizing and Sea-Voyages I haue beene often in France Spain Italy Portugall Sauoy Denmarke Norway Spruceland the Canaries and Soris Ilands and for the New-found-land it is almost so familiarly knowne to me as my owne Countrey In the yeere 1588. I serued vnder the then Lord Admirall as Captaine in a Ship of my owne set forth at my charge against the Spanish Armado and after such time as that seruice was ended taking my leaue of his Honour I had his fauourable Letters to one Sir Robert Denuis in the Countie of Deuon Knight whereby there might be some course taken that the charge as well of my owne Ship as also of two other and a Pinnace with the victuals and men therein imploied should not be any way burthensome to me Wherein there was such order giuen by the then right Honorable Lords of the priuie Counsell that the same was well satisfied which seruice is to be seene recorded in the Booke at White-Hall Now to expresse some of my Voyages to the New-found-land which make most for the present purpose My first Voyage thither was about fortie yeeres since in a worthie Shippe of the burthen of three hundred â—un set forth by one Master Cotton of South-hampton wee were bound to the Grand Bay which lieth on the Northside of that Land purposing there to trade then with the Sauage people for whom we carried sundry commodities and to kill Whales and to make Traine Oyle as the Biscaines doe there yeerely in great abundance But this our intended Voyage was ouerthrowne by the indiscretion of our Captaine and faint-hartednesse of some Gentlemen of our Companie whereupon we set faile from thence and bare with Trinity Harbour in New-found-land where we killed great store of Fish Deere Beares Beauers Seales Otters and such like with abundance of Sea-fowle and so returning for England wee arriued safe at South-hampton In a Voyage to that Countrie about six and thirtie yeeres since I had then the command of a worthy Ship of two hundred and twenty tun set forth by one Master Crooke of South-hampton At that time Sir Humfrey Gilbert a Deuonshire Knight came thither with two good Ships and a Pinnace and brought with him a large Patent from the late most renowned Queene Elizabeth and in her name tooke possession of that Countrie in the Harbour of Saint Iohns whereof I was an eye-witnesse He failed from thence towards Virginia and by reason of some vnhappy direction in his course the greatest Ship he had strucke vpon Shelues on the Coast of Canadie and was there lost with most part of the company in her And he himselfe being then in a small Pinnace of twenty tun in the company of his Vice-Admirall one Captaine Hayes returning towards England in a great storme was ouerwhelmed with the Seas and so perished In another Voyage I made thither about foure and thirty yeeres past wherein I had the command of a good Ship partly mine one at that time own Sir Bernard Drake of Deuonshire Knight came thither with a Commission and hauing diuers good Ships vnder his command hee there took many Portugall Ships laden with Fish and brought them into England as Prizes Omitting to speak of other Voyages I made thither during the late Queens raign I will descend to later times In the yeere 1611. being in New-found-land at which time that famous Arch-Pirate Peter Easton came there and had with him ten saile of good Ships well furnished and very rich I was kept eleuen weekes vnder his command and had from him many golden promises and much wealth offered to be put into my hands as it is well knowne I did perswade him much to desist from his euill course his intreaties then to me being that I would come for England to some friends of his and sollicite them to become humble petitioners to your Maiestie for his pardon but hauing no warrant to touch such goods I gaue him thinkes for his offer onely I requested him to release a Ship that he had taken vpon the Coast of Guinnie belonging to one Captaine Rashly of Foy in Cornewall a man whom I knew but onely by report which he accordingly released Whereupon I prouided men victuals and a fraught for the said Ship and so sent her home to Dartmouth in Donen though I neuer had so much as thankes for my kindenesse therein And so leauing Easton I came for England and gaue notice of his intention letting passe my Voyage I intended for Naples and lost both my labour and charges for before my arriuall there was a pardon granted and sent him from Ireland But Easton houering with those ships and riches vpon the Coast of Barbary as he promised with a longing desire and full expectation to be called home lost that hope by a too much delaying of time by him who carried the Pardon Whereupon he failed to the Straights of Gibraltar and was afterwards entertained by the Duke of Sauoy vnder whom he liued rich I was there also in the yeere 1614. when Sir Henry Manwaring was vpon that Coast with fiue good Ships strongly prouided he caused me to spend much time in his company and from him I returned into England although I was bound from thence to Marsseâ—â—is to make sale of such goods as I then had and other imploiments c. In the yeere 1615. I returned againe to New-found-land carrying with mee a Commission out of the high Court of Admiraltie vnder the great Seale thereof authorising me to empannell Iuries and to make inquirie vpon Oath of sundry abuses and disorders committed amongst Fishermen yeerly vpon that Coast and of the fittest means to redâ—esse the same with some other points hauing a more particular relation to the Office of the Lord Admirall What was then there done by vertue of that Commission which was wholly executed at my owne charge hath bin at large by me already certified into the high Court of Admâ—â—altie Neuerthelesse seeing the same hath beene ouer slipt euer since not produced those good effects which were expected I will in some conuenient place of this Discourse set downe a briefe collection of some part of my endeuours spent in that seruice not doubting but it will be as auaileable for the
amount vnto being onely for victuals which our Country yeeldeth I hold it not fit here to set down lest I should be accused by some therein And withall it is to be considered that the trade thither as now it is doth yearely set on worke and relieue many numbers of people as Bakers Brewers Coopers Ship-Carpenters Smiths Net-makers Rope-makers Line-makers Hooke-makers â—â—lly makers and many other trades which with their families haue their best meanes of 〈◊〉 from these New-found-land Voyages Adde vnto them the families or seruants of 〈◊〉 Owneâ—â— and Masters of such Ships as goe thither and Mariners with their families hereby 〈…〉 ied and maintained c. THe Natiues of the Countrey haue great store of red Oaker which they vse to colour their Bodies Bowes and Arrowes and Cannowes withall which Cannowes are built in shape like the Wherries on the Riuer of Thames but that they are much longer made with the rinds of Birch trees which they sew very artificially and close together and ouerlay euery seame with Turpentine and in like manner they sew the rindes of Spruce trees round and deepe in proportion like a Brasse Kettle to boyle their meate in which hath beene well proued by three Mariners of a Ship riding at Anchor by me who being robbed in the night by the Sauages of their apparell and diuers prouisions did the next day seeke after them and came suddenly where they had set vp three Tents and were feasting hauing three Canoas by them and had three Pots made of such rindes of trees standing each of them on three stones boyling with twelue Fowles in each of them euery Fowle as bigge as a Widgeon and some so bigge as a Ducke they had also many such pots so sewed and fashioned like the leather Buckets that are vsed for quenching of fire and those were full of the yolks of Egges that they bad taken and boiled hard and so dried small which the Sauages vsed in their broth as Sugar is vsed in some meates they had great store of the Skins of Deere Beuers Beares Seales Otters and diuers other fine skins which were well dressed as also great store of seuerall sorts of flesh dried and by shooting off a Musket towards them they all ran away naked without any apparell but onely their hats on their heads which were made of Seales skins in fashion like our hats sewed handsomely with narrow bands about them set round with fine white shels such as are carried from Portugall to Braseile where they passed to the Indians as ready monie All their three Canoas their Flesh Skins Yolks of Egges Targets Bowes and Arrows and much fine Okar and diuers other things they tooke brought away and shared it amongst those three that tooke it and brought to me the best Canoa Bowes and Arrowes and diuers of their Skins and many other things worth the noting which may seeme to inuite vs to finde out some other trades with them Now also I will not omit to relate something of a strange Creature that I first saw there in the yeere 1610. in a morning early as I was standing by the water side in the Harbour of Saint Iohns which I espied verie swiftly to come swimming towards me looking cheerefully as it had beene a woman by the Face Eyes Nose Mouth Chin eares Necke and Forehead It seemed to be so beautifull and in those parts so well proportioned hauing round about vpon the head all blew strakes resembling haire downe to the Necke but certainly it was haire for I beheld it long and another of my companie also yet liuing that was not then farre from me and seeing the same comming so swiftly towards mee I stepped backe for it was come within the length of a long Pike Which when this strange Creature saw that I went from it it presently thereupon diued a little vnder water and did swim to the place where before I landed whereby I beheld the shoulders and backe downe to the middle to be as square white and smooth as the backe of a man and from the middle to the hinder part pointing in proportion like a broad hooked Arrow how it was proportioned in the forepart from the necke and shoulders I know not but the same came shortly after vnto a Boat wherein one William Hawkridge then my seruant was that hath bin since a Captaine in a Ship to the East Indies and is lately there imploied againe by Sir Thomas Smith in the like Voyage and the same Creature did put both his hands vpon the side of the Boate and did striue to come in to him and others then in the said Boate whereat they were afraid and one of them strooke it a full blow on the head whereat it fell off from them and afterwards it came to two other Boates in the Harbour the men in them for feare fled to land This I suppose was a Mermaide Now because diuers haue written much of Mermaides I haue presumed to relate what is most certaine of such a strange Creature that was seene at New-found-land whether it were a Mermaide or no I know not I leaue it for others to iudge c. R. W. CHAP. IX The names of diuers honorable persons and others who haue vndertaken to helpe aduance his Maiesties â—laviation in the New-found-land written by the said R. W. with extracts of certaine Letters written from thence THe right Honorable Henry Lord Cary Viscount of Fanlke-land Lord Deputie for the Kingdome of Ireland hath vndertaken to plant a Colonie of his Maiesties Subiects in the New-found-land and is well pleased to entertaine such as are willing to be Aduenturers with him therein vpon such Conditions as may appeare in the latter part of this Booke And in his Lordships absence hee hath authorized this Agent Master Leonard Wellsted by warrant vnder his hand and Seale to ratifie whatsoeuer shall be by him concluded therein The said Master Wellsteds Chamber is neere one Master Garlands house at the lower end of Saint Mar 〈…〉 lane in the fields The right Honorable Sir George Calâ—ert Knight one of the principall Secretaries vnto his Maiestie hath also vndertaken to planta large Circuit of that Countrie who hath already sent thither this yeare and the former yeare a great number of men and women with all necessarie prouisions fit for them where they liue pleasantly building of Houses 〈…〉 sing of Land for Corne and Meddowes Cabage Carrets Turneps and such like as also for Wood and Tobacco Likewise they are there preparing to make Salt for the prel 〈…〉 tion of fish another yeere and for diuers other seruices And his Honor is likewise well plâ—aled to entertaine such as will aduenture with him therein vpon very fit conditions The Worshipfull Iohn Slany of London Merchant who is one of the vndertakers of the New-found-land Plantation and is Treasurer vnto the pat 〈…〉 of that Societie who haue maintained a Colonie of his Maieâ—â—â—es subiects there about twelue yeeres and they
dayly in Nauall forces answered by Martiall Spirits for Land and Sea seruice Thus did God blesse her that had glorified him in establishing his Truth notwithstanding the pouertie of the State at her entrance deepely indetted by her predecessours and the saint friendship or professed enmitie of Rome and all her disciples Thus shall it bee done to the Woman God will honour and more then thus for what was all the time of her reigne but vicissitudes of Treasons Warres and manifold externall and internall broyles and yet in an admirable working of Diuine Grace when had England so long and flourishing peace at home or glory and renowme abroad as if hee which brought light out of darknesse would permit all such contrary workings to bee the object of his goodnesse the fewell and materialls of her greatnesse Arthur Poole the fourth yeere of her reigne abused the greatnesse of his bloud with other conspirators to the Guisâ—â—n purposes but taken and sentenced receiued not bloudie reward from her mild and mercifull hand Pope Pius the fift denounceth her excommunicate discharging her Subiects from loyaltie and alleageance and arming them against her Ridolfi a Florentine playes the Merchant of Popish wares the Earles of Northumberland and Westmerland take armes the Duke of Norfolke is entangled the French and Spaniard are perswaded by the Pope who promised also if need were to ingage to this purpose all the goods of the Sea Apostolike Chalices Crosses and holy Vestments Uitellius is commanded to inuade England with an Army from the Low-countries but God protected ELIZABETH and her Enemies abroad were disappointed the Traitors at home falling into their owne pit About the same time Edmund and Peter brethten to the Earle of Oâ—â—ond were busie in Ireland to inflame which rebellion Mendoza came out of Spaine but before it brake forth into any great combustion it was extinct Don Iohn of Austria enters next vpon the Stage for I omit Barues and Muthers Sir Henry Percie the B. of Ross his attempts and other Acts and Arts sauouring more of the Foxe then the Lion and pretended a peace whiles hee intended the deliuerance of the Scottish Queene and marrying her to make himselfe King of England and Scotland by helpe of fugitiues and fauour of the Pope and Guisians and in the midst of his warlike preparations suddenly dieth When Pius his impious curses had thus proued blessings hee deceaseth and Gregory his successour in the Papacie and malice to Queene ELIZABETH the great Founder of Seminaties gaping for no lesse then a Kingdome to his base sonne Iames Boncompagnâ— treateth with the Spaniard who had swallowed England also in his conceit Thomas Stukley an English fugitiue promiseth Ireland to the Popes bastard who in recompence giues him the titles of Marquesse of Lagen Earle of Wexford and Caterlough Vicount of Morough and Baron of Ross all places of note in Ireland and made him Generall of eight hundred Italian Souldiers the King of Spaine paying their wages But Sebastian King of Portugall which should haue conducted the Spanish forces against England being intangled with an African Expedition procured Sâ—â—cley to goe thither with him where both lost their liues And the Spaniard was now diuerted from English designes to those neerer of Portugall there imploying the forces intended against vs. Doctor Nicolas Sanders playeth the next part who hauing written in defence of the Popes visible Monarchy Ecclesiasticall and belched out the fowlest slanders of Queen ELIZABETHS parentage that Hell could deuise would make his writings visible by his deeds and with Iames Fitz Moricâ— an Irish Traitor hauing obtained to be the Popes Nuntio with a banner consecrated at Rome and some forces out of Spaine entreth Ireland there fortifieth and winneth Desmond to his partie San Ioseph 〈…〉 followeth with seuen hundred Italians and Spaniards with Armour for fiue thousand Their Fort is taken Fitz moricâ— first and after the Earle with many others slaine Sanders runnes mad and wandering vp and downe in the Woods and Mountaines dieth miserably the Country is pacified and ELIZABETH preuaileth The Seminaries Schooles of Treason were now erected at R 〈…〉 and Rhemâ—â— to become worse then that Troian Hoâ—se Cells of desperate Eâ—issaries incâ—ndaries of their owne Countrey Campion and others suffer seditious Bookes are written against the Queene whereby S 〈…〉 râ—ill was instigated to kill her Mendoza the Spanish Embassadour was commanded to depart out of England hauing practised with Throckmorton and others about an inuasion of the Land and to remoue the Queene About the same time in manner miraculously traiterous projects came to light by certaine papers of one Creighâ—â—â— a Scottish Iesuite who being taken by Dutch Pirates tare them and threw them into the Sea which would not bee accâ—ssary to Iesuiticall plots but by the helpe of the winde brought them backe to the Ship which being deliuered to Sir William Wade were ioyned again and reuealed new plots of the Pope the Spaniard and Guisians to inuade England Whereupon an Association was made by many thorow the Kingdome binding themselues by their hands and seales to prosecute all such to death as should attempt any thing against the life of the Queene Cardinall A 〈…〉 for the English Catholikes Ecclesiasticall Inglefield for the Larkes the Bishop of Rosse for the Queene of Scots were said to haue agreed to depriue the Queene and to disinherite King IAMES as a fauoâ—â—er of Heresie c. A. 1585. Doctor Parry whom Queene ELIZABETH had before pardoned his life being heartned by Ragazonius the Popes Nuntio in France and absolued in the Popes name by the Cardinall Comensis vndertooke to kill the Queene being thereunto incouraged by Allens booke teaching that excommunicated Princes may bee dispoyled of liues and Scepters His partner reueales him and his mischiefe lighted on himselfe Henry Earle of Northumberland brother of Thomas before executed at Yorke slew himselfe in the Tower and the Lord Chancellour three dayes after in the Starre Chamber declared that he had beene committed for traiterous deuises against the Queene and State the particulars whereof were then opened by the Atturney Popham seeking to set free the Queene of Scots to destroy the Queene and the Religion to haue dealt with Charles Paget termed Mope about these things with the inuasion of England c. The Burkes rebellion in Ireland fell out that yeere and many broyles which cost three thousand their liues at one time the title Mac-William in Connagh extinguished and the insolence of the Ilanders betwixt Scotland and England repressed The Spaniard arrested the English Ships in his Ports whence the Expeditions of the Earle of Cumberland and Sir Francis Drake before mentioned tooke their beginning and the Warres betwixt the two Kingdomes A. 1586. that prodigions plot of Sauage Balard Babington and the rest of that bloudy crue conspiring to kill the Queene was detected and the plotters were executed In 87. the French Embassadour a Guisian conferred
were mustered eightie bands of Dutchmen sixtie of Spaniards six of high Germans and seuen bands of English fugitiues vnder the conduct of Sir William Stanlie an English Knight In the suburbs of Cortreight there were 4000. horsemen together with their horses in a readinesse and at Waten 900. horses with the troupe of the Marquesse del Gâ—â—sto Captaine generall of the horsemen Vnto this famous expedition and presupposed victory many potentates Princes and honorable personages hied themselues out of Spaine the Prince of Melito called the Duke of Pastrana and taken to be the Son of one Ruygomes de Silua but in very deede accompted among the number of King Philips base sons Also the Marquesse of Bargraue one of the sons of Arch-duke Ferdinand and Philippa Welsera Vespasian Gonsaga of the family of Mantua being for chiualâ—y a man of great renowne and heretofore Vice-roy in Spaine Item Iohn Medices base son vnto the Duke of Florence And Amadas of Sauoy the Duke of Sauoy his base son with many others of inferiour degrees At length when as the French King about the end of May signified vnto her Maiestie in plaine tearmes that she should stand vpon her guard because he was now certainly enformed that there was so dangerous an inuasion imminent vpon her Realme that he feared much least all her land and sea-forces would be sufficient to withstand it c. then began the Queenes Maiestie more carefully to gather her forces together and to furnish her own ships of warre and the principall ships of her subiects with souldiers weapons and other necessary prouision The greatest and strongest ships of the whole Nauie she sent vnto Plimmouth vnder the conduct of the right honorable Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England c. Vnder whom the renowned Knight Sir Francis Drake was appointed Vice-admirall The number of these ships was about an hundreth The lesser ships being 30. or 40. in number and vnder the conduct of the Lord Henry Seimer were commanded to lie betweene Douer and Caleis On land likewise throughout the whole realme souldiers were mustered and trained in all places and were committed vnto the most resolute and faithfull captaines And where as it was commonly giuen out that the Spaniard hauing once vnited himselfe vnto the Duke of Parma ment to inuade by the riuer of Thames there was at Tilburie in Essex ouer-against Grauesend a mighty army encamped and on both sides of the riuer fortifications were erected according to the prescription of Frederike Genebelli an Italian enginier Likewise there were certaine ships brought to make a Bridge though it were very late first Vnto the said Armie came in proper person the Queenes most roiall Maiestie representing Tomyris that Scithian warlike Princesse or rather diuine Pallas her selfe Also there were other such armies leuied in England The principal Recusants least they should stir vp any tumult in the time of the Spanish inuasion were sent to remaine at certain conuenient places as namely in the Isle of Ely and at Wisbich And some of them were sent vnto other places to wit vnto sundry Bishops and Noblemen where they were kept from endangering the state of the common wealth and of her sacred Maiestie who of her most gracious clemency gaue expresse commandement that they should be intreated with all humaniâ—ie and friendship The Prouinces of Holland Zeland c. giuing credit vnto their intelligence out of Spaine made preparation to defend themselues but because the Spanish ships were described vnto them to be so huge they relied partly vpon the shallow and dangerous Seas all along their coasts Wherefore they stood most in doubt of the Duke of Parma his small and flat-bottomed ships Howbeit they had all their ships of warre to the number of nintie and aboue in a readinesse for all assâ—yâ—s the greater part whereof were of a small burthen as being more meete to saile vpon their Riuers and shallow Seas and with these ships they besieged all the hauens in Flanders beginning at the mouth of Scheld or from the towne of Lillo and holding on to Greueling and almost vnto Caleis and fortified all their Sea-townes with strong garrisons Against the Spanish fleets arriuall they had prouided fiue and twenty or thirty good ships committing the gouernment of them vnto Admirall Lonck whom they commanded to ioine himselfe vnto the Lord Henry Seymer lying betweene Douer and Cales And when as the foresaid ships whereof the greater part besieged the hauen of Dunkerke were driuen by tempest into Zeland Iustin of Nassau the Admirall of Zeland supplied that squadron with fiue and thirty ships being of no great burthen but excellently furnished with Guns Mariners and Souldiers in great abundance especially with 1200 braue Musquetiers hauing beene accustomed vnto Sea-fights and being chosen out of all their company for the same purpose and so the said Iustin of Nassau kept such diligent ward in the Station that the Duke of Parma could not issue forth with his Nauie into Sea out of any part of Flanders In the meane while the Shanish Armada set saile out of the hauen of Lisbon vpon the 19. of May An. Dom. 1588. vnder the conduct of the Duke of Medina Sidonia directing their course for the Bay of Corunna alias the Groine in Gallicia where they tooke in souldiers and warlike prouision this port being in Spaine the neerest vnto England As they were sailing along there arose such a mighty tempest that the whole Fleet was dispersed so that when the Duke was returned vnto his company he could not escry aboue eighty ships in all whereunto the residue by little and little ioyned themselues except eight which had their Masts blowne ouer-boord One of the foure Gallies of Portingall escaped very hardly retiring her selfe into the hauen The other three were vpon the coast of Baion in France by the assistance and courage of one Dauid Gwin an English Captine whom the French and Turkish slaues aided in the same enterprise vtterly disabled and vanquished one of the three being first ouercome which conquered the two other with the slaughter of their Gouernour and souldiers and among the rest of Don Diego de Mandrana with sundry others and so those slaues arriued in France with the three Gallies set themselues at libertie The Nauie hauing refreshed themselues at the Groine and receiuing daily commandement from the King to hasten their iournie horsed vp sailes the 11. day of Iuly and so holding on their course till the 19. of the same moneth they came then vnto the mouth of the narrow Seas or English channell From whence striking their sailes in the meane season they dispatched certain of their small ships vnto the Duke of Parma At the same time the Spanish Fleete was escried by an English Pinnace Captaine whereof was Master Thomas Fleming after they had beene aduertised of the Spaniards expedition by their scoutes and espials which hauing ranged along the coast of Spaine were lately
returned home into Plimmoth for a new supply of victuals and other necessaries who considering the foresaid tempest were of opinion that the Nauie being of late dispersed and tossed vp and downe the maine Ocean was by no meanes able to performe their intended Voyage Moreouer the Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England had receiued Letters from the Court signifying vnto him that her Maiesty was aduertised that the Spanish Fleete would not come forth nor was to be any longer expected for and therefore that vpon her Maiesties commandement hee must send backe foure of her tallest and strongest Ships vnto Chattam The Lord high Admirall of England being thus on the sudden namely vpon the 19. of Iuly about foure of the clocke in the afternoone enformed by the Pinnace of Captaine Fleming aforesaid of the Spaniards approach with all speede and diligence possible hee warped his Ships and caused his Mariners and Souldiers the greater part of whom was absent for the cause aforesaid to come on boord and that with great trouble and difficultie insomuch that the Lord Admirall himselfe was faine to lie without in the road with six Ships onely all that night after the which many others came forth of the hauen The very next day being the 20. of Iuly about high noone was the Spanish Fleet escried by the English which with a South-west winde came sailing along and passed by Plimmouth in which regard according to the iudgement of many skilfull Nauigators they greatly ouershot themselues whereas it had beene more commodious for them to haue staied themselues there considering that the Englishmen being as yet vnprouided greatly relied vpon their owne forces and knew not the estate of the Spanish Nauie Moreouer this was the most conuenient Port of all others where they might with greater security haue beene aduertised of the English forces and how the commons of the land stood affected and might haue stirred vp some mutinie so that hit her they should haue bent all their puissance and from hence the Duke of Parma might more easily haue conueied his Ships But this they were prohibited to doe by the King and his Counsell and were expresly commanded to vnite themselues vnto the souldiers and ships of the said Duke of Parma and so to bring their purpose to effect Which was thought to be the most easie and direct course for that they imagined that the English and Dutch men would be vtterly daunted and dismaied thereat and would each man of them retire vnto his owne Prouâ—â—ce or Port for the defence thereof and transporting the Armie of the Duke vnder the protection of their huge Nauie they might inuade England It is reported that the chiefe commanders in the Nauy and those which were more skilfull in nauigation to wit Iohn Martines de Ricalde Diego Flores de Ualdez and diuers others found fault that they were bound vnto so strict directions and instructions because that in such a case many particular accidents ought to concurre and to be respected at one and the same instant that is to say the opportunitie of the winde weather time tide and ebbe wherein they might faile from Flanders to England Oftentimes also the darknesse and light the situation of places the depths and shoalds were to be considered all which especially depended vpon the conueniency of the windes and were by so much the more dangerous But it seemed that they were enioyned by their Commission to ancre neere vnto or about Caleis whither the Duke of Parma with his ships and all his warlike prouision was to resort and while the English and Spanish great ships were in the midst of their conflict to passe by and to land his souldiers vpon the Downes The Spanish Captiues reported that they were determined first to haue entred the Riuer of Thames thereupon to haue passed with small ships vp to London supposing that they might easily win that rich and flourishing Citie being but meanely fortified and inhabited with Citizens not accustomed to the wars who durst not withstand their first encounter hoping moreouer to finde many rebels against her Maiestie and Popish Catholikes or some fauourers of the Scottish Queene not long before beheaded who might be instruments of sedition Thus often aduertising the Duke of Parma of their approach the 20. of Iuly they passed by Plimmouth which the English pursuing and getting the winde of them gaue them the chase and the encounter and so both Fleetes frankly exchanged their Bullets The day following which was the 21. of Iuly the English Ships approached within Musket shot of the Spanish at what time the Lord Charles Howard most hotly and valiantly discharged his Ordnance vpon the Spanish Vice-admirall The Spaniards then well perceiuing the nimblenesse of the English ships in discharging vpon the enemy on all sides gathered themselues close into the forme of an halfe Moone and slackned their sailes least they should outgoe any of their company And while they were proceeding on in this manner one of their great Galliasses was so furiously battered with shot that the whole Nauie was faine to come vp rounder together for the safegard thereof whereby it came to passe that the principall Galleon of Siuill wherein Don Pedro de Valdez Vasques de Silua Alonzo de Sayas and other Noble men were embarqued falling foule of another ship had her fore-mast broken and by that meanes was not able to keepe way with the Spanish Fleete neither would the said Fleete stay to succour it but lâ—ft the distressed Galeon behinde The Lord Admirall of England when hee saw this Ship of Ualdez and thought she had beene voide of Marriners and Souldiers taking with him as many ships as he could passed by it that hee might not loose sight of the Spanish Fleete that night For Sir Francis Drake who was not withstanding appointed to beare out his Lanterne that night was giuing of chase vnto fiue great Hulkes which had separated themselues from the Spanish Fleete but finding them to be Easterlings hee dismissed them The Lord Admirall all that night following the Spanish Lanterne instead of the English found himselfe in the morning to be in the midst of his enemies Fleete but when he perceiued it he clenly conueied himselfe out of that great danger The day following which was the 22. of Iuly Sir Francis Drake espied Valdez his ship whereunto he sent for his Pinnace and being aduertised that Ualdez himselfe was there and 450. persons with him he sent him word that hee should yeelde himselfe Valdez for his honours fake caused certaine conditions to be propounded vnto Drake who answered Valdez that he was not now at leisure to make any long parle but if he would yeelde himselfe he should finde him friendly and tractable howbeit if he had resolued to die in fight he should proue Drake to be no dastard Vpon which answer Ualdez and his Company vnderstanding that they were fallen into the hands of fortunate Drake being
Irish coast many of their Noblemen and Gentlemen were drowned and diuers slain by the barbarous and wilde Irish. Howbeit there was brought prisoner out of Ireland Don Alonzo de Lucon Colonel of two and thirty bands commonly called a Terza of Naples together with Rodorigo de Lasso and two others of the family of Cordoua who were committed vnto the custody of Sir Horatio Palauicini that Monsieur de Teligny the son of Monsieur de la None who being taken in fight neere Antwerpe was detained prisoner in the Castle of Turney might be ransomed for them by way of exchange To conclude there was no famous nor worthy family in all Spain which in this expedition lost not a son a brother or a kinsman For the perpetuall memory of this matter the Zelanders caused new coine of Siluer and Brasse to be stamped which on the one side contained the armes of Zeland with this inscription GLORY TO GOD ONELY and on the other side the pictures of certaine great ships with these words THE SPANISH FLEET and in the circumference about the ships IT CAME WENT AND WAS. Anno 1588. That is to say the Spanish fleet came went and was vanquished this yeere for which glory be giuen to God onely Likewise they coined another kinde of mony vpon the one side whereof was represented a ship fleeing and a ship sinking on the other side foure men making prayers and giuing thankes vnto God vpon their knees with this sentence Man purposeth God disposeth 1588. Also for the lasting memory of the same matter they haue stamped in Holland diuers such coines according to the custome of the ancient Romans Also other coines were stamped with a Fleet flying with full saile and inscribed Venit Vidit Fugit It came saw fled others with the fired ships and the fleet in confusion the word DVX FOEMINAFACTI While this wonderfull and puissant Nauie was sailing along the English coasts and all men did now plainly see and heare that which before they would not be perswaded of all people thorow out England prostrated themselues with humble prayers and supplications vnto God but especially the outlandish Churches who had greatest cause to feare and against whom by name the Spaniards had threatned most grieuous torments enioyned to their people continuall fastings and supplications that they might turne away Gods wrath and fury now imminent vpon them for their sins knowing right well that prayer was the onely refuge against all enemies calamities and necessities and that it was the onely solace and reliefe for mankinde being visited with affliction and misery Likewise such solemne daies of supplication were obserued throughout the vnited Prouinces Also a while after the Spanish Fleet was departed there was in England by the commandement of her Maiesty and in the vnited Prouinces by the direction of the States a solemne festiuall day publikely appointed wherein all persons were enioyned to resort vnto the Church and there to render thankes and praises vnto God and the Preachers were commanded to exhort the people thereunto The foresaid solemnity was obserued vpon the 19. of Nouember which day was wholly spent in Preaching praying giuing thankes with the accustomed solemnities of Bonfires Singing Ringing and other wonted expressions of publike ioy Likewise the Queenes Maiesty her selfe imitating the ancient Romans rode into London in triumph in regard of her owne and her subiects glorious deliuerance For being attended vpon very solemnly by all the principall estates and officers of her Realme she was carried thorow her said Citie of London in a triumphant chariot and in robes of triumph from her Palace vnto the Cathedrall Church of Saint Paul out of the which the ensignes and colours of the vanquished Spaniards hung displaied And all the Citizens of London in their Liueries stood on either side the street by their seuerall Companies with their Ensignes and Banners and the streets were hanged on both sides with Blew cloath which together with the foresaid Banners yeelded a very stately and gallant prospect Her Maiesty being entered into the Church together with her Clergy and Nobles gaue thankes vnto God and caused a publike Sermon to be preached before her at Pauls Crosse wherein none other argument was handled but that praise honour and glory might be rendered vnto God and that Gods name might be extolled by thanksgiuing And with her own Princely voyce she most Christianly exhorted the people to doe the same whereupon the people with a loud acclamation wished her a most long and happy life to the confusion of her foes The Lord Admirall had a pension assigned for his good seruice This publike ioy was increased by Sir Robert Sidney now Earle of Leicester who returning out of Scotland related to her Maiestie the King of Scots faithfull friendship and loue to her and to the Religion He had beene employed to the said King whiles the Spanish Fleet houered on the coast to gratulate with him in the Queenes name for his alacrity in the common cause and to obtaine his promise of aide if the Spaniards landed in Scotland and to put him in minde how ambitiously the Spaniard sought to swallow in all Britaine vrging the Pope to Excommunicate him so to strip him of Scotland and quit his succession in England to admonish him of the threats of Mendoza and the Popes Nuntio that therefore he should be very wary of the Papists in Scotland He answered conceitedly amongst other speeches that he hoped for no other benefit from the Spaniard then that which Polyphemus had promised Vlysses namely that when the rest were deuoured he should be swallowed last Thus the magnificent huge and mighty fleet of the Spaniards which themselues tearmed in all places inuincible such as sailed not vpon the Ocean Sea many hundreth yeeres before in the yeere 1588. vanished into smoake to the great confusion and discouragement of the authours thereof In regard of which her Maiesties happy successe all her neighbours and friends congratulated with her and many Verses were penned to the honour of her Maiesty by learned men whereof we will here annexe those of Master Beza STrauer at innumer is Hispanus nauibus aequor Regnis iuncturus sceptra Britanna suis. Tanta huius rogitas quae motus causa superbos Impulit Ambitio vexit Auaritia Quà m bene te ambitio mersit vanissima ventus Et tumidos tumidae vos superastis aquae Quà m bene totius raptores orbis auaros Hausit inexhausti iusta vorago maris At tu cui venti cui totum militat aequor Regina ô mundi totius vna decus Sic regnare Deo perge ambitione remota Prodiga sic opibus perge inuare pios Vt te Angli longùm Anglis ipsa fruaris Quà m dilecta bonis tam metuenda malis The same in English THe Spanish Fleet did flote in narrow Seas And bēd her ships against the English shore With so great rage as nothing could appease And with such strength as
came all together with friendly salutations and gratulations one to another which they tearme by the name of Hayling a ceremonie done solemnly and in very good order with sound of Trumpets and noise of cheerefull voyces and in such sort performed as was no small encouragement one to the other beside a true report of all such accidents as had happened in their squadrons Hitherto as I said our iourney was most prosperous and all our ships in very good plight more then that the Mary Rose by some mischance either sprang or spent her foreyard and two dayes after Sir Robert Crosse had in a manner the like mischance Now being thus betweene the North Cape and Cape S. Vincent and yet keeping such a course a loofe that by no meanes those from the shoare might be able to descrie vs The tenth of Iune a French Barke and a Flemming comming from the coast of Barbarie were brought in by some of our company but they were both of them very honorably and well vsed by the Lords Generall and so after a few dayes tarrying were peaceably sent away after that they had conferred with them about such matters as was thought good in their honorable wisedomes The twelfth of the same moneth Sir Richard Leuison Knight assisted with Sir Christopher Blunt fought with three Hamburgers and in that fight slew two of them and hurt eleuen and in the end brought them all three in The next day after Sir Richard Weston meeting with a Flemming who refused to vaile his foretop with the like good courage and resolution attempted to bring him in The fight continued very hot betweene them for a good space in the end the Swan wherein the said Sir Richard was had her forebeake strooken off and hauing spent before in fight the one side of her tire of Ordnance while she prepared to cast about and to bestow on him the other side in the meane time the Elemming taking his opportunitie did get almost halfe a league from him and so for that time made his escape And yet the next day after the said Flemming being in a manner got to the very mouth of the Riuer vp to Lisbone was taken and brought in by Master Dorrell being Captaine of the Iohn and Francis of London The 13. 14. and 15. dayes certaine little stragling Carauels were taken by certaine of the Fleete and in one of them a yong beggerly Fryer vtterly vnlearned with a great packet of Letters for Lisbon The 18. day early in the morning we tooke an Irishman and he came directly from Cadiz hauing beene there but the day before at twelue of the clocke at high noone This man being examined told truely that there was now great store of shipping at Cadiz and with them eighteene or nineteene Galhes in a readinesse and that among those ships there were diuers of the Kings best and namely that the Philip of Spaine was amongst them but what their intent was hee could not tell This man was commanded also to giue his attendance The 20. of Iune being Sunday wee came before Cadiz very early in the morning and in all this time as yet the whole Nauie had not lost either by sicknesse or by any other manner of waies six men to my knowledge Thus then I say being all in good plight and strong the 20. of Iune we came to Cadiz and there very early in the morning presented our selues before the Towne riding about a league or something lesse from it The Sea at that instant went marueilous high and the winde was exceeding large Notwithstanding a Counsell being called our Lords Generall forthwith attempted with all expedition to land some certaine Companies of their men at the West side of the Towne by certaine long Boats light horsemen Pinnaces Barges made for the purpose but could not compasse it and in the attempting thereof they chanced to sinke one of theâ— Barges with some fourescore good souldiers well appointed in her and yet by good hap and great care the men were all saued excepting eight And therefore they were constrained to put off their landing till another more conuenient time That morning very timely there lighted a very faire Doue vpon the maine yard of the Lord Admirals ship and there she sat very quietly for the space of three or foure houres And as at our very first comming to Cadiz this chanced so likewise on the very last day of our departing from the said Towne another Doue presented her selfe in the selfe same order into the same ship and presently grew wonderfull tame and familiar to vs all and did so still keepe vs company euen till our arriuall here in England We no sooner presented our selues but presently a goodly sort of tall Spanish Ships came out of the mouth of the Bay of Cadiz the Gallies accompanying them in such good order and so placed as all of them might well succour each other and therewithall kept themselues very close to their Towne the Castle and the Forts for their better guard and defence abiding there still and expecting our further determination All that day passed being very rough and boisterous and little or nothing could be done more then that about the euening there passed some friendly and kinde salutations sent one from the other in warlike manner by discharging certaine great Peeces On monday morning being the 21. day the winde and weather being become moderate and fauourable betweene fiue and six of the clocke in the morning our ships in the name of the Almighty God and in defence of the honour of England without any further delay with all speed courage and alacritie did set vpon the Spanish ships being then vnder saile and making out of the mouth of the Bay of Cadiz vp toward Puente de Suaç◠on Granada side being in number 59. tall ships with 19. or 20. Gallies attending vpon them forced in such good order and reasonable distance as they might still annoy vs and alwaies relieue themselues Interchangeably 〈◊〉 hauing likewise the Castle Forts and Towne continually to assist them and theirs and alwayes ready to play vpon vs and ours In most mens opinions it seemed that the enemy had a wonderfull aduantage of vs all circumstances being well weighed but especially the straightnesse of the place and the naturall forme and situation of the Bay itselfe being rightly considered For albeit the very Bay it selfe is very large and exceeding beautifull so that from Câ—diz to Port S. Mary is some six or seuen English miles ouer or there abouâ—s yet be there many rockes shelues sands and shallowes in it so that the very channell and place for sea roome is not aboue two or three miles yea and in some places not so much for the ships of any great burthen to make way in but that they must either be set on gâ—ound or else constrained to run foule one on another All this notwithstanding with great and inuincible courage the Lords
generall presently set vpon them and sorting out some such conuenient ships as to their honorable wisedomes seemed fittest for that times seruice they were driuen to take some other course then before had beene by them entended Wherefore vpon a graue consultation had by a select counseâ—l they concluded that the Vice-admirall the Lord Thomas Howard in the Non Pareille for that time and the Reare Admirall Sir Walter Raleigh in the Warspight associated with Sir Francis Uere the Lord Marshall in the Rainbow Sir George Cary Master of the Ordnance in the Mary Rose Sir Robert Southwell in the Lyon hauing with them some of the Ships of London and some of the Dutch squadron of reasonable burthen should lead the dance and giue the onset and that the two most noble Lords generall with some others of their companies should in their conuenient time and order second the maine battell The fight being begun and growne very hot the Lord generall the Earle of Essex being on Port Saint Mary side vpon a sudden and vnlooked for of others thrust himselfe among the formost into the maine battell The other most honorable Lord generall vnderstanding the most noble Earle to be in fight among them and perceiuing by the Master of his ship the Aâ—ke royall that for lacke of water it was not possible that he might put any neerer without further delay called presently for his Pinnace and in the same Pinnace put himselfe and his honorable son Lord William Howard aboord the Honor de la mer there remained in the fight till the battell was ended The fight was very terrible on all sides and so continued doubtfull till about one or two of the clocke in the afternoone about which time the Philip whom in very truth they had all most fancie vnto began to yeelde and giue ouer her men that remained aliue shifting for themselues as they were able aâ—d swimming and running ashoare with all the haste that they could possibly and therewithall at the very same instant themselues fired their ship and so left her and presently thereupon a great Argosie with another mighty great ship fired themselues in the like manner Immediatly hereupon the residue of the ships ran themselues on ground as far from vs as they could thereby purchased their owne safetie or rather breathing space for the time Of them all two faire ships onely were boorded and taken by our men with most part of their furniture in them the one called S. Matthew a ship by estimation of some twelue hundred tun and the other S. Andrew being a ship of not much lesser burthen The Gallies seeing this sodaine great victorious ouerthrow made all the haste they could toward tâ—e Bridge called Puente de Snaço and there shrowded themselues in such sort as our ships could not by any meanesâ— possible come nigh them for lacke of water The Spanish ships in all were fifty nine and as I said all tall ships and very richly furnished and well appointed whereof some of them were bound for the Indies and other fraighted and furnished for Lasbon as themselues affirme and had we not come that very time that we did wee had certainly mist of them all Of what great wealth and riches these ships were that I leaue to other mens iudgement and report but sure I am that themselues offered two millions and a halfe of ducats for the redemption of the goods and riches that were in them which offer of theirs albeit it was accepted of the Lords generall and should haue beene receiued yet we were defeated of it as hereafter shall be more at large declared In all this cruell terrible fight there were not either slaine or hurt by any manner of meanes many aboue the number of 100. of our men notwithstanding diuers of our ships were many times shot thorow and thorow yea and some of them no lesse then two and twenty times as I was enformed by credible report of the Captaines and Masters themselues I know not of any other hurt done sauing onely that Sir Robert Southwell who alwayes shewed himselfe a most valiant resolute knight in all this action making a little too much haste with his Pinnace to boord the Philip had there his said Pinnace burnt with the Philip at the same instant and yet by good care and diligence his men were saued One other mischance hapned thus One of the Flemmings Flie-boats who had in all the conflict before carried her selfe very well and valiantly about ten of the clocke while the fight continued sharpest chanced by great negligence and misfortune to be fired and blown vp by his owne powder who could not haue any fewer in him then one hundred fighting men by all supposall and so in the very twinkling of an eye both ship and men were all cast away excepting seuen or eight which by very good fortune and great care and diligence of some of the other ships were saued Immediately vpon this notable victory without any further stay in all the world the Lord generall the Earle of Essex put to shore landed about 3000 shot and pike men of the which number the one halfe was presently dispatched to the bridge Puente de Suaço vnder the conduct of Sir Christopher Blunt Sir Coniers Clifford and Sir Thomas Gerard with the other halfe being about fifteene hundred the most noble Earle of Essex himselfe being accompanied with diuers other honorable Lords namely the Earle of Sussex the Lord Harbert the Lord Burk Count Lodâ—uick of Nassaw the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Uere with all expedition possible marched on foote toward the towne of Cadiz which was about three English miles march That time of the day was very hot and faint and the way was all of dry deepe sliding sand in a manner and beside that very vneuen and by that meanes so tiresome and painfull as might be The enemie hauing reasonable companie both of horse and footemen stood in a readinesse some good distance without the towne to welcome vs and to encounter the Lord Generall But the most famous Earle with his valiant Troopes rather running indeede in good order then marching hastened on them with such vnspeakeable courage and celeritie as within one houres space and lesse the horsemen were all discomfited and put to flight their leader being strooken downe at the very first encounter whereat the footemen being wonderfully dismaied and astonished at the vnexpected manner of the Englishmens kinde of such fierce and resolute fight retyred themselues with all the speede possible that they could to recouer themselues into the Towne againe Which being done by them with farre swifter legges then manly courage our men were enforced to scale the wals which thing in very deede although it was not without great danger and difficultie to be performed yet such was the inuincible resolution and the wonderfull dexteritie of the English that in one halfe houre or thereabout the enemy was repulsed and
eye of men did behold The list of whose names I did seriously inquire after thereby to doe them right but could by no meanes compasse it The end and purpose of this great Preparation was to the taking in of most of those Ilands and especially of the winning of the Tercera it selfe the which was resolued to haue beene attempted by vs with the other Ilands and Holds of importance and in some of them to haue placed strong Garrisons if it had pleased God to haue prospered the iourney with happy successe But in the very beginning with long contrary winds and extremitie of foule weather the maine plot and ground of this enterprise was hindred and maimed as hereafter more at large shall be related in his due place But this intended iourney for the surprising and holding of the Tercera alone if it had taken effect without any further respect to the other Ilands then onely to haue sacked them and rased those Fortresses they haue had beene a seruice of great consequence for vs and as preiudiciall to the King of Spaine as any action that was euer vndertaken against him since the reuolt of the Low-Countries The which to set downe in particular would require more ample discourse then either my leasure or my memory can suddenly afford But what great vse and benefit both the Portugues did and the Spaniards doe make of these Ilands is in daily experience And as for that bare Allegation how difficult and inconuenient it would bee for vs to hold a peece so farre off men of Warre in their true iudgements would easily answere For as well it might be demanded how the Forts are held in the East Indies by the poore Portugues against mightie Nations and yet so farre remote from Christendome And how Rhodes and Cyprus were heretofore long kept in despite of the Turke in his very bosome And how the Spaniards of late haue kept certaine places in Britaine and Amyens and Callice in Picardie â—angâ—â— the force of France and neuer quitted them but by composition And God knowes how long Don Iohn D'Lag 〈…〉 would haue kept Kinsale and Beare Castle if these had bin places halfe sâ— terrible as those of the Tercera or but the fouth part so remote from vs as the Tercera is from Spaine Undoubtedly their industry and patience is far beyond ours both in getting and holding matters of more difficultie But vaine it is to set a price of the Beares skin before hee be slaine although I am verily perswaded that the contrary winds onely lost vs both that and all the King of Spaine his treasure that came that yeere to the Tercera For the iourney was carried with as great secrecie expedition and Royall preparation as euer was any these many yeeres â—â—d they on the contrary as slenderly prouided and little doubting any such attempt When all things were thus ordered and wee furnished of our necessaries after some few daies abode in Sandwich for the meeting mustering and imbarking of our Land Army about the fiue and twentieth of Iune in the yeere 1597. we set saile from the Downes and within threedayes with skant winds recouered Portland Rhode where we ancored and staied some six or seuen dayes taking in men and victualls at Waymouth and thence we made for Plimouth where wee were to take in our freshwater much of our prouisions and most of our Mariners besides that this place was appointed the very randeuous for the knitting vp and dispatch of this Voyage whether in a day and a nights sayle wee came but with very extreme foule weather Insomuch that euen in the entrance of the very Harbour many of our Ships falling foule one of another were sorely distressed The Lord Mountioy his Ship the Defiance had her Beake head stricken cleane off and the Saint Mathew being a Spanish Ship of great charge very leeward and drawing much water had like in the tempest to haue runne her selfe vpon the Rocks had not her Captaine Sir George Carew Master of the Ordnance beene very resolute and carefull in that extremitie when a great part of his Souldiers and Saylers would haue abandoned her and betaken themselues to their Ship-boats to shun the iminent perill that threatned them which he staied to the preseruation of the Ship and the company Moreouer a Flee-boat of our Traine who had in her fortie Last of Powder was likewise bulged and all the store had beene vtterly lost had not the Master of the Ordnance with like care and diligence bestirred himselfe to saue all that hee might who with the aid of many Ship-boats as the Flee-boat was sinking saued the greatest part of her lading Yet notwithstanding seuenteen Lasts of Powder was vtterly spoiled with the Salt-water as I heard the Master of the Ordnance himselfe affirme Thus with great difficultie wee arriued at Plimouth where within six or seuen daies our whole Army and Nauie met and withall the shipping of the Low-Countries came to vs. And soone after hauing watered and taken in all our prouisions and Marinrs and mustered our men we imbarked our Army and set sayle about the ninth of Iuly and for two dayes space were accompanied with a faire leading North-easterly wind In which time we receiued a ship-board all our directions throughout the Nauie with such orders and instructions as are vsually set downe by an Admirall and a Counsell of Warre together with the places of meeting from time to time vpon any occasions of separations by stormes by fight by giuing chase or any other accidents This order of deliuering directions when a Fleet is a Sea-boord and not before is an vse grounded vpon many good reasons as to auoid the reuealing of secret plots and the preuention of sudden execution As also to shun the discouraging of diuers that doe often expose themselues and their aduentures to Sea actions either for loue to the Commanders or out of hope of Purchase or for many other respects which perhaps they would not doe if they knew indeed either the danger or the true ends of some preparations And this secret manner of proceeding hath bin often vsed by Philip the late king of Spain in diuers great expeditions who hath beene sâ— precise and seuere therein as that oftentimes the Admiralls of his Fleet themselues haue not knowne their instructions nor beene suffered to open them vntill they haue beene thirtie or fortie leagues on their way Wee now being in this faire course some sixtie leagues onwards our iourney with our whole Fleet together there suddenly arose a fierce and tempestuous storme full in our teeths continuing for foure dayes with so great violence as that now euery one was inforced rather to looke to his owne safetie and with a low saile to serue the Seas then to beat it vp against the stormy winds to keepe together or to follow the directions for the places of meeting And here some began to taste the inconuenience and perill of high Cargued Ships
actions of seruice and in his times of chiefest recreations he would euer accept of his counsell and company before many others that thought themselues more in his fauour And as touching the Aduertisement that was sent into England from the Isles of Bayon by Master Robert Knolles in a Pinnace called the Guiana concerning vs that were forsaken and left alone vpon the breaking of our Maine yard whereupon was pretended that many great exploits should haue bin performed vpon the coast of Spaine if wee had not fallen from them as was vntruely suggested and reported his Lordship promised the reare Admirall then to send another aduertisement how we were all metagaine and had bin formerly seuered by misfortunes onely and not by any wilfull default in the reare Admirall as was doubted And that Aduertisement sent formerly by Master Knolles we well knew proceeded not out of any particular malice of the Generall to vs but onely to take that as a fit excuse to free himselfe from the enterprises of Ferall or the Groine which he had promised her Maiestie to vndertake but saw it impossible to performe by reason of the former crosses and our long stay in Plimmonth and therefore was glad to take the opportunity of any colour to satisfie her Maiestie and to discharge himselfe of that burthen which we did all perceiue and therefore did striue the lesse the publish our Apologies or to contest with a man of his place and credit which though in a right had bin but bootelesse and meere folly and therefore we left him to his best excuse and our apparant innocencie And for the more plaine manifesting of the Message I haue thought it not amisse here to insert the true copie of the Instructions verbatim that our Generall sent by Master Robert Knolles into England vpon these accidents before the Isles of Bayon That we weighing Ancor and setting saile from the sound of Plimmouth the seuenteenth of this moneth of August hauing sometimes calmes but for the most part Westerly and Northeasterly windes we fellon thursday the fiue and twenty of this moneth with the Land which is to the Eastward of the Cape Ortingall which land we made in the morning about ten of the clocke and stood in with the shoare till three in the afternoone Then finding the winde scant to ply to the Southward I stood all night into the Sea and the next morning in againe to the Land By which boords by reason of the head-sea and the bare winde we got nothing On Friday night I stood off againe to the Sea and about midnight the winde comming all Northerly we got a good slant to lye all along the coast on Saturday in the morning I discouered the Saint Andrew whom we had lost sight of two or three dayes before I bare with her and had no sooner got her vp but Sir Walter Rawleigh shot off a peece and gaue vs warning of his being in distresse I presently bare with him and found that he had broken his maine yard Whereupon I willed him to keepe along the coast that birth that he was till he got in the height of the North Cape and my selfe hauing a desperate leake broke out as euer ship swam withall which I was fame to lye by the lee and seele to stop it which how it held vs you can report and God be thanked that night we ouercame it and stopped it The next morning we all came to Cape Finister sauing the Saint Matthew who vpon breaking of her fore maste went home and the Wastspight with whom the Dreadnaught went without stop to the South Cape This is all that is hapned to me If her Maiestie aske you why there was no attempt vpon the Fleete at Teral you may say I neither had the Saint Matthew which was the principall ship for that execution nor the Saint Andrew till mine owne ship was almost sunke and I not able to make saile till Sir Walter Rawleigh with his owne ship the Dreadnaught and very neere twenty saile were gone Wee are now gone to lye for the Indian Fleete for by Spaniards wee haue taken wee finde the Adelantado is not put to Sea this yeere Of our successe her Maiestie shall from time to time be aduertised you shall acquaint Master Secretarie with this instruction and both to him and all our friends you must excuse our haste We being thus met all at Flores desired our Generall to giue vs and our consorts leaue to water there before we departed thence as his Lordship and the rest had done before which he yeelded vnto and very nobly lent vs his owne long Boate for our better speede willing vs there to water whilest he with the rest of the Fleete did ply vp and downe to looke out for the Adelantado or any Indian Fleete that being the very fit place and season for them Hereupon whilest our men and Mariners were prouiding to water our Reare-admirall with Sir William Brooke my selfe and diuers other Gentlemen went ashoare to stretch our legs in the Isle of Flores and to refresh our selues with such victuals as we could there get for our monie And at our first landing there we met with the Lord Gray Sir Gylly Merricke and other Gentlemen and wee altogether walked a mile or two into the Countrie and there dined in a little Village where the bare-legged Gouernour caused such things to be brought vnto vs for our monie as the Island afforded In other sort we tooke nothing which was very faire wars This Island seemes to be somewhat mountainous yet hauing very good store of Fruits Wheat and other Corne. Their Corne they doe all keepe in large hollow vaults within the earth hauing no other way nor entrance into them but by a round hole in the top of the vault onely so big as a man may creepe into it and when it is closed vp with a planke and ouerstrewed with earth is very hard to be found out by strangers for the which purpose they are so made and much like the Caues in Gascoyne and Languedocke and such as are mentioned by Caesar to be vsed in Affricke This Island lies more subiect to the inuasion of Sea-faring men then any of the rest for there all traders of the Indies doe vsually water and refresh themselues But here I must not forget to relate that before we had our leaue to water or were departed from the Generall a Counsell was called and holden for the taking in of some of the Islands and an orderly course set downe for the same which was in this sort concluded on The Admirall and Reare-admirall to vndertake Fayall the Lord Thomas Howard Vice-admirall and the Marshall Uere to vndertake Gratiosa The Lord Mountioye Lieutenant Generall and Sir Christopher Blunt Coronell Generall of the Foote to Saint Michaels and the Netherland Squadron was quartered to Pyke where the greatest store of Wines doe grow and therefore would not be taken in ill part of them as we presumed The
reason why we resolued to master and waste all these Islands was because 〈◊〉 was determined by the Generall to attempt the Tercera it selfe which enterprise was put off because the Reare-admirall and with him twenty or thirty saile were wanting But being now contrary to all expectation and to many mens hopes arriued this resolution receiued a second life but it was first thought necessary to take from them and to helpe our selues with all the victuals and other commodities that those Islands could affoord For the performance of which with the more speede we diuided our selues into foure Companies as before written But surely the fortune of those poore wretches was lamentable that fell into the Flemmings hands for I thinke no people on the earth can vse lesse mercy or greater insolencies then they doe in all the places that they maister which are subiect to the Spanish Gouernment and yet I must say truely for them that the Spaniards againe haue vsed such tyrannie and outrage in their iurisdictions ouer that industrious people as hath well merited their irreconcileable malice and withall hath cost the Spanish King many millions of Ducates besides the life of many a proud Castilian since the Execution of the Counts Egmount and Horne And it is very admirable to see what heart and courage those Netherlanders are now growne vnto and how powerfully three or foure little Prouinees doe resist the forces of that mightie King that keepes Millaine Naples and Sicill in great bondage in despight of all the Italians who doe thinke themselues for valour and for policie the Minions of the Earth and yet bow their neckes to the Spanish yoake After this consultation for taking in of the Islands as aforesaid and leaue giuen vnto vs and our consorts to water with all the speede we could at Flores we hauing prepared our Caske and all things in a readinesse to bring our fresh water aboord about midnight being the sixteenth of September there came vnto vs from our Generall Captaine Arthur Champernowne with this message That my Lord Generall was borne vp for Fyall and ment presently to take it in and therefore willed vs with all speede to follow him instantly and though wee could not ouertake him yet at least to finde him there so soone as we could and the same word was likewise deliuered to Sir William Brooke and the rest that lay there to water And further our Generall sent vs word that we should supply all our wants of water and fresh victuals at Fayall And this night as we rode at ancor â—â—fore Flores we saw another Rainebow by the Moone light as before and after the samo manner which contrary to Plinies report of Aristotels opinion was seene though not at a full Moone for the other was so seene some seuen dayes before in the which space there could not be two full Moones Vpon this Message brought by Captaine Champernowne we forbare watering and hasted all we could to weigh our anchors and to follow our Generall And therefore gaue a warning peece or two to our Consorts before wee departed and afterwards pack'd on all the sailes we could make to follow our Generall whom we could not ouertake nor finde The next morning we made Fayall and entred the roade and there missed of him also contrary to our hopes and to our great discontent Whereat we could not but greatly maruell because when he sent for vs he was six leagues neerer it then we were and besides set saile towards it sixe or eight houres before vs. Being arriued in the roade wee beheld before our eyes a very fine Towne pleasantly seated alongst the shoare side from whence presently vpon the sight of our entrance into the roade they began to packe away with bag and baggage all they could with carriages of Horses and Carts Women Children Friers and Nunnes and so continued in transporting all vp into the Countrey for two dayes together There was besides a strong Fort at one end of the Town and another on the top of a very high Mountain neere adioyning by nature very vnaccessible and steepe and artificially fenced with Flanckers Rampiers and Ditch and in it six Peeces of great Artillerie mounted vpon carriages and two hundred Spaniards in garrison beside others of the Island These made certaine shot at our Ships as they anchored in the roade but did not much harme and set vp a great red Auncient for vs to gaze at Besides there were presently sent six Companies with their Colours to intrench themselues vpon the shoare side to impeach our landing Hereupon our Reare Admirall in his Barge accompanied with my selfe onely and Captaine Morgan rowed close aboord the high Fort and all alongst the shoare side to wards the Towne to see what fit place there was to make a discent against our Generals comming From whence we were saluted with diuers musket shot that missed vs but narrowly by good fortune for we vndiscreetly had with vs neitheir Targets nor Armors but wished for them when it was to late And therefore as well by that experience as also by others in the same iourney that I saw at our landing vpon a fortified trench I saw it to be but an idle and vnseruiceable brauery for men that are to doe seruice to expose their vnarmed bodies and limbs to the mercy of a Musket or the push of a Pike whereby they can neither with that abilitie nor resolution prosecute that they haue in hand nor yet so well preserue themselues as they ought to doe for the bettering of their attempts Besides out of a Christian regard they should not desperately cast away themselues or carelesly spill their owne bloud and the liues of many others by such brauing and foolish examples This night as we roade in the Harbour there swomme aboord vs from the Towne two Portugals that discouered vnto vs many things greatly encouraging vs to this exploit And of this we may bouldly take knowledge that the Portugals and Inhabitants of those Islands doe infinitely hate and malice the Spaniards and their Gouernment and would no doubt free themselues thereof gladly if they were sure to fall vnder any other Gouernment that were able to protect them from the Spaniards And therefore if any powerfull Monarch or State did attempt it they should not be troubled as with a Conquest for all the Inhabitants would soone be perswaded to reuolt and take part with the inuaders for the aduancing of that businesse While we thus expected our Generall in vaine to our no little maruell that thought he had bin there before vs according to Captaine Champernownes report the winde being as good then for him as for vs our Reare Admirall called a counsell of many Captaines and Officers that were come thither by order to consult of the taking of the Towne if our Generall came not thinking it a great shame and pittie to let slip so faire a pray so neere at hand without attempting it in
time before they had carried all away Besides a great scorne and disgrace wee should doe our selues to enterprise nothing vpon them that had begun the warres shooting first at vs as we roade at ancor and then after their bringing downe to the water side so many Auncients did proudly as it were inuite vs to assaile them if we durst hauing withall hung out a red Flagge of defiance from the top of the high Fort. The hope of the wealth of this good Towne and the ransoming of Houses and Prisoners together with those brauadoes which they shewed did so set on fire all our Mariners and Souldiers as that they began to mutine and raile on the Reare Admirall and at all the Commanders there taxing them for these delaies as not daring to attempt the taking thereof Besides they were the more eagerly set vpon the spoile and gaining of this Towne and Fort for that they saw no great likelihood of benefit by this Voyage but what was gotten ashoare in the Islands In conclusion albeit we heard no newes of our Generall in two dayes more expectation yet at the counsell of Captaines which our Reare Admirall had assembled some of them varied much from the common desire and would by no meanes assent to the landing without my Lord Generall his knowledge And of this opinion was Sir Guilly Mericke Sir Nicholas Parker and some other Captaines Our Reare Admirall with Sir William Brooke my selfe Sir William Haruey and other Gentlemen and Commanders of our Reare Admirall his Squadron called to this consulation were of a contrary opinion iudging that my Lord Generall would repute vs but Idlers and Cowards to lye so long before so good a Towne with so many Ships and men and to doe nothing in his absence seeing them hourely before our eyes so fast to carry and packe away their goods and wealth And this was also 〈…〉 e common opinion and b 〈…〉 te as well of the multitude as of the Low Countrie Captaines But yet the violent and earnest perswasions of Sir Guillie Merricke did so preuaile with vs vrging our obedience and duetie to our Generall as that we staied from the Enterprise at that time and expected our Generals comming one day longer especially for that they perswaded vs if his Lordship came not the next day then themselues would also land with vs. Which when we had also expected in vain and the winde changing somewhat vnfit for that Roade our Reare Admirall and diuers of his Squadron and many other of the Ships following him weied and coasted about the point to the North-west side of the Island some foure miles further from the Towne then we were before and there let fall our ancors being then a better Roade then the first as the winde was changed But Sir Guillie Merricke with some fiue or sixe Ships of his consorts staied still in the first Roade and would not budge When we had in this sort changed our Roade and being now the fourth day of our arriuall before Fayall which was not aboue a daies sailing from the place from whence our Generall sent for vs wee might see before vs a very fine and pleasant Countrie full of little Villages and fruitfull fields and therefore we much desired to refresh our selues aland there with victuals and water as our Generall had promised we should doe when we came to Fayall and as diuers others had done before vs at Flores and as we had then but that we were called away to Fayall by Captaine Champernownes sodaine message from the Generall as was aforesaid And in truth we were in great want of fresh water which we had not renued since our setting out from Plimouth All these occasions considered and we being now retired from the Towne and Forts we all resolued that wee might without offence with a few of our owne men goe ashoare and refresh our selues and seeke for water whereupon we manned a Barge a long Boate and a Pinnace with threescore Muskets and forty Pikes rather to guard our selues in our landing and watering with discretion then expecting any encounter or resistance from the Towne or Forts on the other side of the Island But our men were no sooner placed in our Boates and all things ordered and we ready to put off from the Ships side but we might discouer sixe Auncients of foote and some dosen Horsemen comming on a speedy march from the Towne and Forts directly towards the place where wee were to make our discent for from one side of the high Fort on the Mountaine they might also ouerlooke vs where our ships roade and discouer all our preparation When we had a while aduised of this new Brauado that they went about and saw them still to come on faster with so many strong companies of men or at the least the bodies of men furnished with womens hearts and had made such haste as that they possessed themselues of the Trenches and Flankers where we were to land and there had placed their Companies and Collors attending our approach as they made shew by wauing their Swords and displaying their Auncients in great brauery for doubtlesse they thought we feard to land in their faces because we lay so long before the Town and neuer attempted any thing and were so shrunke aside off after they had prouoked vs so with great shot and many other affronts we seeing that pâ—â—portion of an hundred men prouided onely to guard our watering to be too few to assault and win a landing vpon so many in a place of so great disaduantage and yet disdaining to goe backe or make any shew of feare our Reare Admirall in his Barge rowed to Sir William Brookes Ship and to Sir William Harueyes and desired them and some other Sea Captaines to accompany him in landing with such men as conueniently they could furnish For said he seeing these Spaniards and Portugals are so gallant to seeke and follow vs and to keepe vs from watering wee will try our fortunes with them and either win our landing or gaine a beating Sir William Brooke Sir William Haruey and some others very willingly assented and presently there were made ready with shot and Pike one hundred and sixtie men more in Boates. And after this our Reare Admirall rowing by Captaine Bret Sidney White Berry and other Captaines of the Low Countrie Souldiers that were there abrood in other Ships they all cried out to take them and their companies with them assuring him that if he aduentured to land with Mariners and with his owne attendants without some Companies of Land Souldiers hee would receiue a disgrace He answered that he durst not take any of my Lord Generall his company of the Low Countries no knowing in what seruice he ment to vse them but he was resolued with the Gentlemen and company of his owne Squadron first to make a discent and then to call them and send Boates for them if he proceeded any further and that neither my Lord Generall nor
Generals cabbin after a faint welcome the Generall began to challenge him of breach of order and Articles To whom the Reare Admirall answered that he knew not of any such breach my Lord replied that there was an article that none should land any of the Troopes without the Generals presence or his order The Reare Admirall desired the Generall to giue him leaue to defend himselfe by those Lawes which himselfe as well as others had deuised and his Lordship with the Counsell of warre had authorised and that then his Lordship should finde that he had not committed any Errour at all For saith he there is an Article that no Captaine of any ship nor Captaine of any Company if he be seuered from the Fleete shall land any where without direction from the Generall or some other principall Commander vpon paine of death c. But I take my selfe said he to be a principall Commander vnder your Lordship and therefore not subiect to that Article nor vnder the power of the law Marshall because a successiue commander of the whole Fleete in her Maiesties Letters Patents your Lordship and my Lord Thomas Howard failing And besides your Lordship agreed that I should land at this Island with your Lordship whom I haue attendea these foure dayes and finding that your Lordship came not being in your way thitherwards halfe a dozen leagues before I waied anchor I could not but thinke that you thought me strong inough to take this Island and that your Lordship was gone with some of the rest to some of the other Islands And stated so long from landing at Sir Guillie Merrickes intreatie as I heard mine owne company euen at my backe murmur and say that I durst not aduenture it And to tell your Lordship a plaine truth my intent at first was onely to water vntill I saw them follow me in that brauing manner which with our reputations wee could not then shun and giue ouer being already in our Boates for that purpose For if I had intended the taking of the Towne I would neuer haue retired so farre off from our first Roade that lay right before it This dispute held some halfe houre and then the Generall went ashoare and rested himselfe in the Reare Admirals lodging being well enough satisfied at that time In so much as the Reare Admirall desired my Lord to â—up there and that if his Lordship ment to call the matter further in question he would claime no priuiledge nor fauour thereby but answer it in the morning To which Sir Christopher Blunt taking my Lords answere from him said that he thought my Lord would not sup at all But the Reare Admirall finding Sir Christopher Blunts disposition told him that when he â—â—uited him he might disable his owne appetite but if my Lord pleased to stay he would be very glad of his presence In this meane while my Lord Thomas Howard very nobly and kindely taking care that no wrong nor disgrace might be offered to the Reare Admirall by any deuise or practise of his Enemies dealt with the Generall to finde how hee stood resolued and the next morning assured the Reare Admiral that my Lord sought nothing but a due acknowledgement of an offence alleadging that the rest would thinke him a very weake and came Commander if he should receiue no manner of satisfaction The Reare Admirall hoping that hee had done nothing vniustifiable and well assured that he was successiuely in the Commission for the whole commandement of the Fleete and therefore not subiect to any corporall danger as also because he assured himselfe of the Vice Admirall his honorable loue and sincere dealing came againe in the morning to visite the Generall Otherwise remembring the little trust that men ought to repose in reconciled enemies and the strong malice borne him by others in greatest fauour with my Lord had ment to haue put himselfe into his owne Squadron and so to haue defended himselfe or left my Lord. But my Lord Thomas Howard perswading him to goe and satisfie the Generall vpon whose word onely he made that aduenture after he had giuen him his honour with great kindnesse and resolution that he would make himselfe a party if any wrong or violence were offered contrary to the Generals promise vnto him he did as the Vice Admirall aduised him And so all things after a little dispute came to a quiet end and conclusion And within a day or two after the Generall accompanied with the Vice Admirall and other Lords and Commanders dined aboord our ship where he was exceedingly intertained and contented Onely this I omitted that when the Generall committed Captaine Bret Berry and Sydney The Reare Admirall desired that those Gentlemen might receiue no hard measure in his cause for whatsoeuer his Lordship doth conceiue to haue bin misdone hee must take it wholly on himselfe to answere being at that time the Chiefe and Commander This I haue set downe in manner as I heard it then from men of good sort not being present thereat my selfe nor at that time able to waite on the Generall by reason of the shot through my legge which I had receiued but the day before in this thanklesse seruice Thus was the whole day spent in reprehending and disciplining vs for our paines And yet notwithstanding these aggrauators and chiefe Instigators of our Generall vouchsafed to take the benefit of our reproued Trauailes in lodging and refreshing themselues in this good Towne both this night and three or foure dayes after But in the same day that our Generall ariued about one of the clocke after midnight all the Portugalâ— and Spaniards in the high Fort with their bagge and baggage abandoned the place leauing behinde them six peeces of great Artillery mounted For when they saw the whole Fleete together and so many gallant Troopes land with our Generall their hearts fainted and so they fled into the Countrie and woddy Mountaines adioining Then in the morning when it was too late although as yet wee knew not so much direction was giuen to certaine troopes and companies to guard all the foot of the high Fort to stop and stay them from stealing from thence that were already gone for it was giuen out that if they did not presently surrender it the place should be assailed But when newes was brought that they had abandoned the Fort and carried all away then was there much descanting of the foule ouersight so to suffer the Birds to escape out of the Cage that might haue bin so surely kept if we had not bestowed more labour in disciplining and correcting our owne pretended faults for landing then discretion or diligence in prosecuting the Enemy whom we had at an aduantage For presently vpon their arriuall they did nothing but examine and discipline our offence Whereas if they had gone in hand with the Fort and cast a carefull eye thereunto we had not lost the ransoming of so many Spanish prisoners nor
was very fortunate ard iudicious in Sea seruice so hee truely and wisely considered how great a weight and charge lay on his iudgement and trust and therefore did accordingly with great wisdome and temper marshall his dffaires to the ouerthrow of his Enemies to the perpetuall honour of his name and the victorious seruing of his Prince and Countrey This therefore may may stand for a Maxime and Caueat to all great and wise Commanders that to whom a King or State commits the trust and direction of an Army It bridles him in the free vse of his owne courage or from expressing vpon euery temptation his particular valour For that forward humour of daring is to be vsed in younger yeeres before they arriue to these places of dignitie or command and then euer after counsell should command their courage alwayes wrapping their heads in the Furre of the Foxe and their Armes seldome in the Lyons skin setting aside all respects of brauing or vaine glory as did that Fabius Cunctator of whom Ennius in praise saith Non ponebat enim rumores ante salutem And these presidents I haue here taken occasion to record thereby onely to shew what inconueniences and detriments doe follow such vnbridled heat and headdy humours and to the contrary what benefit and aduantage is gained in the true vse of timely and temperate proceedings For surely if these desperate offers made by the Land Souldiers instigating our forward Generall to the taking of the Tercera had beene then put in execution the end had beene that many a valiant man had there left his bones and the rest returned home with the scorne of a disgraced attempt Besides if the Adelantado with the Spanish Nauie had then chanced to haue come on our backes whilest our best men were ashoare ingaged about this desperate and vnfeasable enterprise it might haue turned to the destruction of the whole Fleet or at the least to the assured losse of as many as were landed about that businesse But thankes be to God good counsell preuailed and preuented those hazards After that this dispute was so calmely concluded our Generall himselfe and the Lord Mountioy in the Defiance and two or three other tall Ships bare in as close along the shoare as they could exchanging vpon pleasure some fifteene or twentie great shot with them to very little purpose and so left the I le of Tercera a place very stronge both by Nature and Art and at that time well stored with Men Munition and Treasure by reason of the late arriuall of those Indian Ships From thence wee returned againe to the I le of Saint Michaells which before on Michaelmasse day wee made and left then vpon this Intelligence And now as soone as we were entred into the Road that lies before Saint Michaells Towne wee let fall our Ancors and there the Generall accompanied with diuers of our chiefe Officers comming aboord our Reare-Admirall hung out a Flag of Counsell where it was consulted about landing and the taking of this good Town which lay â—o gloriously before our eies promising many rich rewards to the Victors In the which there was a slight Fort towards the Sea side but the Towne vnwalled The Generall appointed that all Companies should bee made ready to land forthwith But our Reare-Admirall desired his Lordship that hee would first permit him to view the place and to find out where the Army might best make a descent because the Billowes about those Ilands doe sometimes so roule from the Sea as might easily ouerturne the best Boates we had as wee found by experience at Fayall where wee had two long Boats ouerturned in landing and Master Thomas Rugway also throwne with a Sea on the Rockes in his Boat Our Generall at first yeelded to the Reare-Admiralls request for viewing a fit place But as hee was putting off and scarce gone from the Ships side twentie paces my Lord standing in the Gallery with Sir Christopher Blâ—nt called him backe againe in great hast and said that he would goe himselfe and view it Whereupon the Reare-Admirall returned againe as my Lord commanded and as his Lordship went out of the Ship into his Barge vnarmed altogether but with his Coller and Sword and without either Shot or Pike to wayte on him the Reare-Admirall called aloud vnto him and desired his Lordship to take his Caske and Target proofe with him if hee purposed to goe neere the shoare seeing there lay so many Muskets on the rest there to receiue him Whereunto my Lord answered That hee would none because hee disdained to take any aduantage of the Watermen that rowed him But in my opinion though that answere much shewed his valour yet became it not the place that my Lord held for in truth a Generall ought not to bee so aduenturâ—us and carelesse of himselfe vpon euery slight occasion nor to goeâ—â—armed to places of im 〈…〉 t perill Homer describes the valiant Heroes and brauest Leaders of the Greekes to be best armed As Achilles an excellent Armour framed by Vulcan at the request of Thetis his mother and Aiax with his seuenfold shield Insomuch as their very armes are famous euen to these dayes the vse whereof now wee make scornefull But they are no beaten Souldiers in the warres that hold these opinions for it is truly said that a great and wise Generall should dye old And I haue read that famous Epaminondas was fined by his Countrymen the Thebanes for being too forward and seruing in a battaile ill armed although he waâ— the victory But to our matter After that these landing places were viewed a farre off and were not well liked nor yet so neerely approached at that time as within Culuerin Shot for there lay all alongst the shoare aboue foure hundred Shot vpon the rest intrenched to beate on our Boats in conclusion after many offers and surueies made a loofe the conueniences of that place for landing was excepted against Albeit in truth it was a faire and sandy beach as all the Fleet might well perceiue and some foure or fiue miles from the Towne and Fort and much more easie then that of Fayall where wee before wan our landing And that this is most true many that were present now liuing and saw both can iustly affirme And although our Generall himselfe was very resolute and apt to vndertake any good occasion of seruice yet hee was then so led and accompanied with such politicke Land Captaines as that of all the seruices which fell into consultations and deliberations those most commonly which were vnfeasable were offered to bee vndertaken and things more likely and reasonable neglected Whereby out affaires speed accordingly And in this regard that this discent was not by my Lord Generall his viewers allowed of as fit for the Army to land at so many Ensignes being placed and intrenched there to impeach vs it was presently by another consultation agreed that the Reare-Admirall should with all the strength of the
plants beasts and commodities from ours and their severall description 1325. seq Their astonishment at the hearing of God Their inconstancie naturall parts c. 1340. Their mariages and polygamie the manners of women with child c. 1341. The destruction of families and bounds of their possessions 1342. Their houshold stuffe 1343. Their entertainment 1344 1345. Their Physicke and demeanour towards the sicke their buriall attended with diuellish rites 1346. Brasils description and chiefe Havens 1382. A Brasile Ship taken by Sir Water Raleigh 1938. Brasile commodities sent for Spaine not onely gold but much other treasures as Ginger Sugar Hides Tobacco c. 1817 Brauadoes are sometimes the hinderers of successe in great proiects 194â— Braverie of the English turneth to beggerie 1942 Bridegroomes thâ—â— giue the fiâ—st hansâ—ll of their spousâ—â— to their hindred and friends 1481 Brigalian Iland the situation thereof 1240 Buena Ventura a River in the West Indies the description thereof 1413 1414 Buenoâ— Aeres a tâ—â—ne in the River of Plate 1â—41 Buccaw ganecants a towne vnder the dominion of Bashabez Sagamo of Mawooshen 1873 Building without tooles or engines miraculous by the Indians of Peru 1477 1478 Burdones a place so called 126â— Burkes rebellion in Ireland 1893 The Burlings an Iland so called 〈◊〉 soyle commodi 〈…〉 and iâ—â—abitants described 1155 Butter how made by the Indians 1539 C. CAbot viz. Sir Sebastian Cabot his American travels 1177 1178 seq he discovered so much of the continent of the New World that it deserved to bee called Caboâ—iana rather then America 1177 1112 Cabusto a towne in Florida 1544 Caaâ—tâ— certaine Brasilians so called 1298 Câ—era River 1248 Cadiz taken by the English the Castle surrendred c 1931. Cadiâ— described 1932. It is set â—â—firâ— and rased to the ground 1933 Caiama Iland the description therof 1248 Caiocame a towne in Mawocshen 1874 Caioses Cannibals so called living in Brasile 1241 Caiuari certaine Savages of Brasile living in Caues 1â—99 Cale a towne of Florida 1532 Caleformia a sea so called 1560 or an Iland or many Ilands as others say 1562 Calenture 1181 1182 Caliane a River in Guiana very aboundant with gold and silver â—â—60 Caliquen towne 1533 Callipuny a mountaine in Guyana 1â—71 Callis taken by the Spaniards 1927 Calmes the strange effects thereof in the Sea and in mens bodies 1373 Camalaha a Fayre in the Indies neere Orenoco where women are sold. 1248 Camaâ—uiars certaine Savages that haue paps reaching vnder their waste 1299 Camana a road in Brasile 1142 as also a towne in Peru 1446 Campseau a Port in New-France described 1639 Camarijiuua a River how situate 1223. It s danger or ease for Navigation and the commodities thereof 1238 Camo a Hill on the coasts of Brasile 1240 Camoni Indians 1514 Campeche the chiefe towne of Iacatan 1186 Canacum the Governour of Manomet his friendly entertainment to the English 1858 Canada River 1606. The adioyning Countrey the Inhabitants description feasts fights lodging houses Canons with other customes 1606 1607. They endure great famine lye and are false-hearted their beliefe and ridiculous relation of God ibid. 1609. vide Indians of Canada Canasagua a towne in Florida 1539 Canauerall where 1247 Canarie Ilands their number and description 1369 1370 Canariagranda 1185 1369 et seq Candish his Voyage 1971. seq he takes the towne Santos and Saint Vincent 1191. Loseth Captaine Dauies ibid. His ariuall at Port-desire and the Magellane Streights ibid. His mutinous company 1192. and distresse in the streights 1193. Returne for Brasil 1194. His company slaine 1195. His valour and proiects ibid. Losse of men by Indians and Portingals 1197. Losse of the Roe-bucke 1200. Seuerity ibid. His weaknesse and vnwillingnesse of his company for going to the Streights 1200. His voyage further discouered by Anthony â—niuer 1201 1202. seq The supposed ouerthrow of his voyage 1203 Canduacu Brasilian beastâ— that dart their bristles through a mans skin 1302 Canari a Province of Morequito 1248 Cannete iâ— towne in Peru 1446 Canri a toune in the Riuer Marwin in America 1283 Canibals with faces like dogs at Ports-desire 1191. Other strange and valorous Caunibals 1208 Canibals profer fa 〈…〉 to Candish in Santos 1203. Cannibals naked and fearfull 1204. cald Pories 1208. Their strange entertainment of strangers 1208. Canibals called Tamoyes 1228 1240. vid. Savages Cano a famous Nauigator 1191 Canoas or boats of threescore foot long with 80 men in them 1380 Cape Blanco 1379 Cape Saint Francisco 1400 Cape Saint Antonio 1147 Capawucke a place in the Indâ—â—s stored with gold 1841 Cape bona Esperâ—nza the danger of the passage there 1151 1152 Cape Rico 1170 Cape Verdi 1181 Cape de la vela 118â— 1244 Cape Frio or cold Cape its situation 1202. It s Navigation 1240 Cape Saint Augustine 1238 Cape Caldera 1â—46 Cape de verde its vnhealthinesse 1370. Its Ilands 1371 Capignramirinij a place in Brasile 1238. Cape Agreda cape froward 1386 chiqui-towne 1535. Cape Francois 1603 Cape Saint Maries Cape de Rare Cape Saint Lawrence 1606 Caperrocca a Sauage towne 1285 Capitua a flat land in Brasile 1238 Cape-cod 1647. Cape Charls 1691. Cape Henry in Virginia 1687. Cape Laware in Virginia 1762. It s adioyning Shoales ibid. Captaines for narres how chosen among the Indians 1262 Captaines errours checked 1397. patience commendable in a Captaine 1153 Captaine Listers dingerous attempt in my Lord of Cumberlands voyage 1143. Hee is drowned and his Ship in his returne ibid. Captaine Bayly slaine 1144 Captaine Munson taken captiue 1144 Captaine Nortons Uoyage ibid. Captaine Caues surprizall of in Ar gosie of Lisbone ibid. Captaine Nortons assailing a Fortingall ibid. Capt. Caue Admirall in the eighth Uoyage of the Lord of Cumberland slaine 1147 Captaine Antonie killed ibid. Captaine Dounton wounded 1148 Capurisell a River 1250 Capucaras water-Serpents in the Indies 1211 Capari a River neere Orenoque 1247 Carrabouca a place in India 1249 Carcocies Indians so called 1365 Carder viz. Peter Carder a Cornish man his hard fortune and escapes 1187. The losse of his company 1188. His living two moneths vpon a fruit like Oranges and his drinking of his owne Urine ibid. His conversing with Indians â—bid Teacheth them to marre 1189. His departure from them ibid. His imprisonment deliverance 1189 1190. His imployment 1190. His escape from the Portingals and ariuall to England after nine yeares voyage 1190 Carigue a Beast in Brasile that that carteth her yong ones in a bag about with her 1301 Cari-River 1248 A Carrak runneth a shore to avoid the English 1938 Caripo a towne in Guiana 1268 Caroli a pleasant River neere Orenoco 1248 Carraemba Sauages so called 1299 Carapana a place in the Province of Emeria 1247 Carraibas certain Ingglers in Brasile 1290 Carracus a place in the Indies 1242 1248 Caredenas a Province in America 1560 Carripapoory Ilands neere Guiana 1268 Carendies a fierce Nation of the Indies neere the River of Plateâ— their nature warlikenesse and description 1348 A Carrack runneth
1524. Language words of Virginian Savages 1667. Language very copious and difficult 1870 La Pacheta a small Iland 1414 Laquedambaras Nut-trees among the Indians 1502 La para Iua a place in the Indies taken by French from the Spanish and repossessed by them 1438 Las Cabecas Iles so called 1244 Las Ilhas an American towne 1438 Layfield viz. Doctor Layfield his relation of Port-Ricco voyage 1155. seq His imployment vnder the Lord of Cumberland 1169 Leafe in Guiana called Kellette curing poisoned wounds and the headaâ—h 1276. Apparell made of leaues 1213 League betweene the Mussasois and the English 1850 Leakes how stop'd vnder-water without aboard 1394 Leagh viz. Sir Oliph Leagh the traiterous massacring of three score and seven of his men in an Iland of the West-Indies 1255 1256. seq Captaine Leighs voyage to Orenoque 1156. To Guiana and plantâ—â—ion there 1250 His comming to Wyapogo and Aracawa 1251 1252. his death the danger of his men 1621 1622 Leopards called by the Indians Iawarile 1229 Le Equille a River in New-France 1621 Lepos Tomienos a kinde of Canibals 1216 Lerius his relation of Brasile 1325. seq 1836 Letters sent from the Colony in New-England Anno 1622. 1840. From New-found-land 1889 Lice 1205 Leyhannos a Savage people of the West-Indies 1364 Lignum Vitae 1657 Lightening kils two men 1672 Lightening in a great tempest saues Mariners from shipwracke 1716 Light at sea seene on the Shrouds in a hell darke night conceits and names thereof 1737 Lima Indians of Peru 1365. Their City bignesse and inhabitants 1416 1421 Limbo-Iles in Virginia 1712 Lime made of Oysters 1315 Limo River 1248 Line how and when most safely to be passed 1377 Listers dangerous attempt 1143 Liver by what meanes corroborated and preserved 1310 Lizards eaten in America 1326 A monstrous Lizard 1327 Master Locks death neere the Line the onely friend of Captaine Candish in his last voyage 1201 Lomioo a town in the Indies inhabited by Arwacca Savages 1285 Londoners voyage to New-England Anno 1616. p. 1838. To the Canaries from London An. 1616. p. 1839. From London to New-England againe An. 1620 ouerthrowne by the rage of divers tempests to the losse of goods and men 1840 Long-Ile in New-France 1622 Long-reach a place in the Straits of Magellane 1389 Lopez de Agira a mutinous Souldier among the Spaniards his extreame cruelty and event 1436 1437. His plot to poison Queene Elizabeth 1894 Lopez Vaz a Portingall his voyage and Historie touching places and discoveries in America 1432 t seq Loquilla A hill famous for Mynes in Port-Ricco 1171 Lopos Savages in Brasile called by the Portingals Bilreros their houses wyldnesse harmlesnesse shamelesnesse beastlinesse women complexion 1230. Store of gold ibid. Lord de la Ware his happy ariuall at the distressed Colony in Virginia 1732. His presidency there 1754. his first Acts and the constitution of Officers his councell ibid. His sending Sir George Summers to the Bermudas for provision ibid. His wrongs by Powhatan and revenge with a message to him 1755. It s successe and his punishing an Indian 1756 His relation to the Lords and the Councell of Virginia touching his returne thence 1762. seq His sundry sicknesses ibid. 1763 His death in a voyage to Virginia 1774 Lord of Southampton Treasurer of Virginia 1783. His provision and supply of it ibid. His letters to the Colony touching silk-plants 1787 1788 Lotterie set vp in London for the Colony in Virginia 1773 Lots cast for euery mans severall logding in New-England 1848 Low-Countries supposed to have Ships great and small of all sorts 20000 1821 Saint Lucia 1146. The description and commodities thereof 1265 Lukes-Bay a pleasant harbour in New-Scotland 1873 Lutherans thought a title of ignominie to the Spaniards though they confessed God tooke part with them 1680 Luysa a towne neere Port-Râ—cco 1170 Luys de Moscoso made Gouernour of Cuba and Adelantado of Florida after Sotoes death 1552. His and his companies resolution to travell by Land West ward in that countrey his ariuall at seuerall Indian townes and entertainment 1553. His being in danger of losing himselfe and his company in the desert-countreys ibid. His vncomfortable travels in the deserts enduraÌ„ce of scarcity there his returning the same way hee came 1554. And taking passage downe a River to the sea the whole remainder of his company their dangerous storme and perill by the Indians in the River 1555. His ariuall at Panuco 1556 Lying how punished by some Indians 1451 Lyma a place in the West-Indies 1242 1393. The description of the Bay that leadeth to it 1394 Lyons in the West Indies 1211. They call them Iawarosou 1229. are worshipped in Peru 1457 M. MAcanao the westermost point of Margarita 1266 Mace his voyage to Virginia in a barke sent by Sir Walter Raleigh 1653 Machaseis a river in the West Indies 1265 Maccah a small River neere Orenoco and Guyana 1246 Macucagua a Bird resembling the Feasant and hath three skins one ouer another 1306 Macurio a River 1247 Macuerendas a Nation in the River Parana in the Indies populous and fierce their description 1350 Macuta Indians in Brasile 1299 Madalena a River in Florida 1504 Madera Ilands their description diuision and commodities 1369 Madera Ile discouered by Master Challons in his voyage to the North of Virginia 1833 Madiopuera a venemous plumme 1230 Magalines a Portingall Navigator 1191 Mâ—guana a Province in Hispaniola 1572 Magdalene River 1434 Magellane Straits described 1384. vide streights Magellane streights extreame winter 1193 Maguâ—y a tree yeelding Wine Vineger Honey beds threads needles tables and hafts of kniues besides many medicinable vses 1421 Maiz of two sorts the one like Rice the other like Ginny Wheat 1173 1851. Maketh strong drinke 1258 Malabrigo Port 1399 Manco King of Peru his distresse by the faithlesse Spaniards and the issue 1486 1487 Mammeis an excellent kind of fruit 1172 Manarippano an Iland in the midst of the River Orenoco 1249 Manilla Iland 1446 Mandioco the ordinary food of the inhabitants of Brasile which serveth for bread the strange effects thereof 1214 1309 1310. Wine made of the root Mandioco which preserveth the Liver 1310 Man-eaters vid. Canibals Mans inconstancie 1190 1191 Mapies certaine Indians so called their description countrey and commodities they are a very warlike Nation and treacherous 1362 1363. Their ouerthrow by the Spaniards ibid. Marble Rocke of halfe a mile in length 1761 Marchin-Bay how situate and why so called 1626 Marcomwin a village in the River Marwin 1283 Saint Maries Iland the situation and description thereof 1393 1143 1671 Mariages how vndertaken and solemnized by the Inhabitants of Peru 1457. Mariage forbidden to him that hath not taken his enemie 1290 Mariquites certaine Canibals so called their stature women dwellings religion language cloathing c. 1226 1227 Maroer a Brasilian Riuer 1242 Mariners their duty and disposition 1368 1403 Martha a Province in America very rich in gold and other commodities 1583. It is
Saâ—ages 1299 Tuquema a Prouince subiect to Peru its seuerall townes of gouernment 1419 Turkes taken by the Spaniards and made Gally-slaues rescued by the English and set at liberty 1933 Turky-stenes in New France 1621 1622 Turneps a remedy against the scurâ—ie 1880 Master Turners relation of Brasile c 1243 Turners relation voyage successe at large 1265 1266 Turtles innumerable 1306 Tutelpinco a forsaken towne in Florida left by the inhabitants and destitute of prouision 1551 Tygers worshipped 1457 V. VAcupa a Prouince in America 1560 Vahuar huacac an Emperour in Peru his acts and conquest hee wept blood at his natiuity 1457 1458 Valenzuola a golden place in America 1419 Valpariso a plaâ—e in the south Sea 1416 Valuation of the voyages of fishing Boats to the coast of New found Land 1886 Varaua a fish in Brasile as big as an Oxe 1239 Vaytacasses a kinde of Sauages 1219 Vbra Riuer 1248 Vcita a towne in Florida its description and commodities 1530 Vela Pampilona an American place 1419 A Venetian ship taken by the English 1906 Venter-hauen a place in the west parts of Ireland 1144 Veragua a towne in the West Indies plenteous of gold 1419. it neuer raines there an vnhealthy country 1433 Vâ—â—u Cruz a new towne 1418 Verginia its hopefull commodities the inhabitants idolatry and worship of the Sunne their othes and fidelity thereupon 1690. 〈…〉 their customes 1690. plantation there and mortality accompanied with famine 1689. 1690. Virginias bounds temperature winds entrance mountaines soile 1691. vallies and 5 faire delicate nauigable Riuers neere the English Plantation 1692. its seuerall and different languages thereabout 1694. Vide Virginia Via tuna Indians in Brasile deâ—â—â—red by the Portingals 1298 Victuals verie scarce in Plimouth in New England 1856. Victuals of the Spanish Fleet sent for England Anno 1588. 1901 Vigo a towne taken by the English in the Portingall voyage 1926 Villa de Praya a towne in Tercera one of the Ilands of Azores 1668 Villa Franca a towne of St Michels one of the Azores Iles 1963. the situation fertility of the soyle and fruits of the Land 1964 Vines store in Canada Ilands 1612 vines naturally growing in New England 1844 St Vincent a port in the West Indies 1190. called by the Inâ—ians Warapuimama its description 1242 1438 Virachocha an Emperour of Peru his first conquest 1458 his seuerall acts and death with his successor 1459 The V 〈…〉 gines Ilands not inhabited and description 1159 Virginia Companies aduentures in fiâ—â—ing ships one of them being taken by the Turkes 1836. Vâ—rginia despised of the very abiects 1841. fruitfulnesse of the Land store of fish and Fowle ibid. Virginia why so called the praise thereof the first voyages and discoueries there with their colonies 1645 1646. Virginias healthinesse ibid. a Virginian yellow haird and faire 1689. Virginias naturall commodities trees among which cypresse vines wines fruits gums sassafras nourishable roots raw they are poyson roasted not so but otherwise vsed for bread medicinable plants beasts in variety 1694. 1695. birds fishes and minerals 1696. fruits that are plantedin Virginia the seasons there their vse of corne of flesh the ayres mildnesse and commodities for trafficke with France Swethland Spain Holland 1696 1697. the commodities that may redound thence to the industrious ibid. Virginians number nations languages their description constitution Barbers apparell women shamefastnesse attire ornaments 1697 1698. their building lodging bedding gardens exercise for men or women child-birth naming children easie deliuery their manner of striking fire of making bowes and arrowes 1698 their swords and targets boats fishing spinning fish-hookes hunting either in companyes or alone consultations before battell 1699. Virginians neere the English Plantation their enemies their manner of embattelling stratagems ambusâ—adoes painting to make themselues looke terrible singing and yelling in their combate musicke and entertainment of great men 1700. their trade Physicke Chirurgery charming 1701. their Religion and adoration of any thing that can hurt them without their preuention worshipping the Deuil called Oke buriall of their Kings their ordinary burialls and mourning for the dead their Temples their supposed sanctitie Priests and their habite times for solemnities ibid. their coniuration altars sacrifices to the water their solemne customes for the making Southsayers their opinion of their Kings and Priests soules and the common peoples after death their opinion of the Christians God 1702. manner of gouernment which is monarchicall their Kings pompe described 1703 1704. Virginian punishment of offenders 1703. Virginia by whom discommended the miserie it sustained by effeminate idlers 1704. Virginian dissentions in the English plantationers 1706. The Planters nominated and their first imployment ibid. their miserie famine and sicknesse with mortality caused by the Presidents auarice 1706 1707. with vnexpected remedy ibid seconded by the care of Captaine Smith ibid. Virginian plots for the leauing the Plantation 1707 1709. Virginian plantation and trading endamaged by the ambition of the Company 1710. by desire of gaine in some priuate persons 1711. Virginias golden hopes frustrate ibid. Virginia its want of a good President 1712. Virginias plantation supposed ouerthrow 1717. Virgina Tauerne the abuse of trading among Saylors there 1719. Virginian first mariage of the English 1720. Virginian Plantations supply 1708 1716 1719. Gold as easie to bee gotten as corne there from the needy Sauages 1725. Virginian planters losse of armes by the trecherie of Dutchmen 1725. Virginias buildings repaired but by want of prouision not prosecuted the cause of such want 1727. and the miserie sustained by lazinesse ibid. Virginias vnprofitable planters checked by the Presidents speech 1728. Virginias healthinesse and the care taken for sicke men there by the English 1728. the Plantations third supply 1729. the change of gouernment and Captaines the preiudice of the plantation and mutiny seconding the supply 1729. Virginia Plantation at the Falls and Nanâ—amund 1729. Virginia planters breake peace with the Sauages 1730. Virg 〈…〉 〈◊〉 of Presidents losing Captaine Smith the miserie famine and diâ—comfort it sustained by his absence 1732. its supply by the ariuall of the Lord La Ware Sir Thomas Dale 1732 1733. Virginias innouation in gouernment whether mutinous or no 1734. Viâ—ginias dispraise by idle fellowes 1743. the Presidency of Virginia assumed by St Thomas Gates 1749 the miserie of it at that time ibid. the causes thereof ibid. 1750. Virginias hopes and aduancement 1750. other causes of its distresse and the distresse it selfe 1751. more at large 1756 1757. its commodities 1757. Virginians triumphs after victory feasting simâ—licity feare horrible and prodigious rites of southsaying their iudgement of powder and other customes 1708 1709. Virginians are al of all occupations 1709 a Virginian exchanged for a Christian 1710. Virginia Sauages strange mortality 1712. Virginians courtesie to the English 1713. and trecherous proiects ibid. exceeding feare of Muskets ibid. how Virginian Sauages may be dealt withall 1714. Virginia Sauages fight disguised like bushes 1716. Virginians made proud not awed by courtesie
148 Fowles kissed at three shoots An ill march Powhatans subtletie Cap. Smiths discourse to Powhaâ—â—n Powhatans reply and flattery Wickednesse of their Dutchmen Powhatans discourse of Peace and Warre C. Smiths reply Powhaâ—ans importunitie for to haue them vnarmed â—o betray them C. Smiths discourse to delay time that he might surprise Powhatan Powhatans plot to haue murdered Smith A Chaine of Pearle for a Present His excuse Pretending to kill our men loaded with baskets wee forced the Sauages to carrie them How we escaped surprising at Pamavnke Chap. 9. The Dutchmen deceiue C. Smith Perfidious wretcheâ— Opechancanoughs abandoned Smiths speech to Opechancanough 700. Sauages beset the Englishâ—eing â—eing out sixteene Smiths speech to his Company Smiths offer to Opechancanough Opechancanoughs deuice to bâ—tray Smith Opechancanough taken prisoner amids his men If this course had bin taken by others Virginia by this had 〈◊〉 out of her 〈…〉 e able â—o goe alone yea to trade or â—ight But names of peace haue bred worse then wars and our confidence hatched the miserable massacre by this perfidious Sauage And would God a Dale or Smith or some such spirit were yet there to take this that is the onely right course wiâ—h those which know not to doe right further for feare of suffering it enforceth Smiths discourâ—e to the Pamavnkies The Sauages dissemble their intent See their vse of English Armes Their excuse and reconcilement The losse of M. Skriuener and others with a Skiffe M. Wiffin his iourney to the President Powhatan constraineth his men to be treacherous The third attempt to berray vs. A Chaine of Pearle sent to obtaine peace The President poysoned The offender punished The Sauage want and pouertie The Dutchmen did much hurt How the Sauages became subiect to the English Chap. 10. The Dutchmens plot to murder Cap. Smith Smith taketh the King of Paspaheigh prisoner The Sauages desire peace Ocanindge his Oration A Sauage smothered at Iames Towne and was recouered Charcolesmoke an vsual murtherer by ouersiâ—ht where no vent is leâ—t to it Perhaps the Iesuites wits haue besides meere lies hatched many of their Indian Miracles from as vnlikely egs as this by conioyning industrie and opportunitie Powhatan desireth peace What was done in three moneths hauing victuall The store deuoured by rats how we liued three moneths of such natural fruits as the Countrie afforded Rat-plague The paines of 40. fed 150. Basenesse of idlenesse Their deâ—ire 〈◊〉 destroy themselues The Presidents Speech to the Drones But 7 of 200. died in two moneths The Sauages returne our Fugitiues Search for them sent by Sir W. Rawlew Powhatan confessed that hee had bin at the murther of that Colonâ—e and shewed to Cap. Smith a Musket barrell and a brasse Morter and certaine peeces of Iron whâ—ch had bin theirs The Dutchmens traytâ—rous proiects Two Gentlemen sent to kil them Cap. Sâ—i The arriuall of the third upply Chap. 12. The alteration of the gouernment The losse of Virginia The Sauages offer to fight vnder our colours Mutinie The planting Nansamund A plantation of the fals The breach of peace with the Sauages Powhat 〈…〉 sold for Copper Mutinies Fiue suppresse 120. The breach of peace with the Sauages at the Fâ—lls An assault by the Sauages The planting of Nonsuch New peace concluded A bloudy intent The gouernment vsurped The causes why Smith left the Countrie and his Commission The state of the Colony when C. Smith left it Prouisions 〈◊〉 Their complaints and proofe against him Pocahontaâ— Powhatans daughter her kindnesse to C. Smith The plâ—nting at Point Comfort 〈…〉 ffe alias Sicklemore â—lain by Powhatan Wickednes of some Mariners The fruits of improuidences The arriuall of Sir Tho. Gates with 150. Iames Towne abandoned The arriuall of the Lord Laware Two ships sent to the Bermudas The arriual of Sir Tho. Dale Sir George Somers arriuall at the Bermudas and dicth His heart and entralls were buried in Summer Ilands a name from his to them communicated The appointed Course The Ships and chiefe men in the Fleet. Sicknesse and mortalitie at Sea Terrible tempest Note False rumors chargeable Arriuall in Virginia Captain Argall State of the Colony Idlenesse and other vices to blame also Some things partly false rumors partly factions suggestions are here left out They choose a new Gouernor Hinc illae â—â—â—â—rymae Henee froÌ„ the malecontents which had beene in Virginia before enemies to the President raising now ill reports at their comming of him arose these stirs and the following miseries in which this Author with almost the whole Colony perished 2. Iune 1609. Sea-course alcered Sir G Summers a good mariner and tried Souldier A terrible storme expressed in a patheticall and retoricall description Black-darknes Feare of death at Sea more featefull Conâ—inâ—nce and increase Swelling Sea set forth in a swelling stile Compared with the Authors former experiments Leake added to the stormes tâ—riour Leake cannot be found which cannot but be found Their labour for life three dayes and â—oâ—re nights Sea breakes in The Gouernours care Remero is fabled to be a small fish able to withstand a Shippe in her course God in ableth whom he will saue to saue themselues Vtter darknes Light on the Shrouds See Tom. 1. l. 9. c. 12. §. 1. No sleepe or food from tuesday till friday 1200. Barricos an houre besides 3. Pumps acquitting 100 tuns of water euery 4. houres Summer Ilands descried by Sir George Summers They go a land Bermuda Ilands supposed the Diuels c. Bermuda Ilands described Sir George Summers dilâ—gent suruey his draught which we haue not M. N 〈…〉 gaic hath since published an exact Map * Orfadams braccia In his Gen hist. li. 2 c. 9. he reciteth the same historie more particularly he saith it hath two names Garza of the ship which first discouered it being so called and Bermudez of the Captain of that ship named Iohn Bermudes Note that he placeth it more to the North then that which is by ours inhabited say somtime they see it somtime not as they passe The Spaniards as I haue heard which were wracked there in Cap. Butlers time were of opinion that ours are not the Bermudas Yea some of ours affirme they haue seen such an Iland to the North of ours and haue offered to discouer it sub iudice lis est veritas temporis fiâ—a Halo the circle seen about the Moon of great compasse Experience hath better shewed since as we after see both for fruits wormes c. those that dwell there finding more then these which tooke there Inne or lodging Yet the dawning Aurora yeeld a delightsome light though not all so certaine as the Sun for which cause I haue not omitted these first discoueries Spiders Beetle very sweet Hogs Cedars Cedar-drinke American Cedars are not the same kind with those of Libanus as by the historie of them in our former Tome pag. 1500 c. Palmetos Many sorts of Palmes the Coco the Date-Palme the Wine-Palme or taddie c.
besides these Reed-Palmes Silke-wormes Other Trees Prickle-peare Waters No Springs then found since Wells haue bin there digged which ebbe and flow with the Sea c. Fish Salt made there 5000. fishes taken at a hale Cause of their wholsomnesse No vnscaled fishes Whale and Sword-fish Cater-tray beare the bell away Medio tutissimus ibis Fowles Wild Swans Web-footed Fowle They call it of the cry which it maketh a Cohow Wild Hogges how first found out and taken Tortoises H. Rauens voyage from Bermuda to Virginia Cap. Win. L. Lawarre Sir George Summers his suruay and other industrie He builds a Pinnace R. Frubbusher builds another Power of example Mutinous conceptions Conspira 〈…〉 Iohn â—ant and 〈◊〉 Another Mutinie Conscience greatest enemy to conscience Stephen Hopkins condemned and pardoned Third Mutiny Euill as it hath a deficient cause so in and before the effects defects are found H. Paine his Mutinus behuiour His execution Diuers of Sir G Summers compâ—ny flâ—d into the woods Sir T. Gates his letter to Sir G. Summers Waters and Carter stand out and are left behind Religious exercises performed by Master Bucke The most holy ciuill and most naâ—urall possession taken of the Bermudas by exercise of Sacraments Marriage Child-birth c. Children named Bermuda and Bermudas Saylers misorder Cedar ill for shipping Crosse set vp for a memoria His Maiestieâ— Picture Signe of Land Chesipiack Bay The long Boat sent by Rauens câ—st away Algernoone Fort M. George Percy Miserable shewes of welcome Old Patent yeelded vp Their miseries in 〈…〉 ed. Ipsi sibi causa malâ—rum Orders established which continued for their short stay the particulers are here omitted They contained a Preface and 21 Articles for Pietie Loyaltie and Politie conuenient to the Colonie Men blamed but not all the Country freed Prou. 6. The Courtrey co 〈…〉 ed. Rem acu tetigit True cause of misery in Virginia Times of labour vnder Sir T. Gates Note The hopes of Virginia Sir T. Gates his care Pohatans policy Sauage Spies Basenesse of our people Mischiefes of Mariners Pursers fraud Remedy The Colony when they came within foure dayes of staruing Purpose to leau the Country The highest pitch lowâ—st depâ—h of the Colonies miseries scarsly escaping the iâ—wes of deuouring desperation Hopes morning L. La Waarr arriuall Description of the seate and site of Iames Towne The Fort c. described The Houses Barke Roofes Vnhealthfulnesse of Iames Towne Commission red Lord La Warrs tiâ—le Sir T. Gaâ—es Lieutenant Generall His speech Prouisions brought Counsell chosen sworne Colonysworn Officers appointed Sir G. Summers vnderâ—aketh to bring prouisions from Bermudas * Ad Gracaâ— Calendaâ— Can a Leopard change his spots Can a Sauage remayning a Sauage be ciuill Were not wee our selues made and not borne ciuill in our Progenitors dayes and were not Caesars Britaine 's as brutish as Virginians The Romane swords were best teachers of ciuilitie to this other Countries neere vs. Grassesilke English Armes treasured by Powhatan Message to Powhatan Powhatans homâ—ge King of Weroscoick taken Prisoner Sir T. Gates bound for England Lord Lawarre Iune 19. 1610. 23. degrees 21 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 33. degr 〈…〉 30. minutes 32. degrees He speakes with the Adm 〈…〉 ll They faile toward Cape Cod West 〈…〉 atio 〈…〉 gr 〈…〉 A great fog 40. deg 56. mi. 47. fathoms water Water like vna greene grasse They take fish A great fog Sounding Great fog and raine 100. Cods taken The Ship d 〈…〉 th They stand for the Riuer of Sagadahoc Verie foggie weather The thick fog continueth The fog continueth The fog conâ—inueth A Rocke of Marble halfe a miâ—e about 〈◊〉 of Seales The smal rocky Iland lieth in 44. degrees Many Ilands in eight fathoms water August 3. Resonable store of â—â—sh Seale Rocke in 43 deg 41 mâ— Here turneth home Thick and foggie weather 41. deg 44. mi. Cape Cod. â—â—e shoâ—dâ—s of Cape Cod. The middle of the Sholâ—es in 41 deg 50. mi. 15. degrees of westâ—â—ly Variation 12. degrees of westerly Variation 11. degrees of westerly Variation 12 degrees of Westerly variation 13. deg 25. mi. of Westerly variation Many shoales 12. leagues to the South of Cape La Warre Cape Charles Lord La Warres many sicknesses Orenges and Lemons good remedie for the Scuruie Master George Pâ—â—cie Depu 〈…〉 〈◊〉 â—â—e 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sir T. Dale Marshall 200. leâ—t there Trade by Cape Argoll Three Forts Sir T. Gates his second voyage 100. Kine and 200. Swine sent K. and R. Pa tamack Sir T. Gates Sir T. Dale The Deliuerance This was in the Riuer of Nansamund His Voyage to Sir T. Smiths Iland Dela War Bay His first Voyage to Patowomec and Penbrooke Riuer Ayapassus the weroance of Pastancie * Cap. Web Ensigne Swift Rob. Sparkes two Boyes 1100. bushels of Corne. The second voyage to Penbrooke Riuer Note Great store of Oxen in Penbrooke Riuer A Myne A medicinable Earth A water that hath the taste of Allum An Earth like Gumme A red Earth like Terra sigillata The greaâ— King Patowomeck Ensigne Swift Pocahuntis taken 7. men freed His third Discouery Kerned Salt found May 12. 1613. Euery mans care is no mans Proprietie is a proper painestaker Sir Thom. Dales good gouernment Bermuda Citie Deere haue 3. or 4. Fawnes at a time Apossumes Strange store oâ—â—owle as before in Ouiedo A Frigâ—â—s lading taken at one draught Faire flowres Crabs Sir Tho. Dales going to Virginia A. 1 1 〈…〉 eight weekes Retchlesse wretches His care and imploiment R. Nansamund Wise seuâ—ritie remedie to slothâ—ull sccuritie Arriuall of Sir Tho. Gates with sixe ships Henrico built by Sir T. Dale Bermuda a city Hundreds set out and distinguished French displanted Long discourses followed in the Author but Virginia is brought to such an abridgement that I haue no heart to follow him or others in that kind Prince Henry Sir T. Dales iourny to Powhatans Country This is more at large deliuered with the particular circumstances which I for breuitiâ— haue omitted by M. Hamor Pocahuntas behauiour and report Opachankanâ— now their king worker of the massaâ—râ— Pocahuntaâ— baptised of Matoâ— so I haue heard she was properly named 〈◊〉 first called Rebecca They called the English Tossantessas and so would themselues be called The particulars and articles of agreemâ—nt are in M. Hâ—amors Booke here omitted Sir T. Dales report of Virginia In another letter to the Committees he writeth that foure of the best Kingdoms of Christendome put all together may no way compare with this country either for commodities or goodnesse of soile Master Alexander Whitaker was son to that worthy of Polemicall Diuine Doctor Whitaker Master of S. Iohns Col. in Cambridge Whatshadowes of men are the most in this age that the best deseruing should neede apologies instead of panegyrikâ—s They which for doing suffer ill cry whore first and by deprauing iustice seek to be iust Their Priâ—sts and manner of liuing Yet Namantack in his returne was killed in Bermuda by another Sauage his
120. saile The Queenes ships and their Captaines The rest of the Fleet. Ten Hollanders Land-Army Fiue hundred Voluntaries gallantly furnished The designe Intent for Tercera Portland Plimouth Set saile Instructions for the voyage and instructions touching instructions Storme Perill of high cargued of weake ships Returne to Plimouth Great sicknesse Sir A. Sherly placed in roome of Sir F. Gorges Sir Alexander Ratcliffe The Treasureâ— his ominous departure Brewers 〈◊〉 A Prize Stormy Winds and 〈◊〉 as argâ—e not with delicacy brauery Aduice for Gallants Note Still crossed Lord Rich departeth Land Army cashed Sea-actions require a Princes purse Small time great losse Harmes by stormes Good order for prouisions at Plimouth Pretenâ—eâ— Bay of Alchsher S. Matthâ—w distressed Sir George Carews resolution Ed. E. of Lincolne High Admirall Audaces fortu 〈…〉 〈…〉 at Sir Iohn Parrot Sir W. Gorges Dâ—riuall a Pirat beâ—ter Mariner then man 〈◊〉 〈…〉 s. us Deriuall hanged against promise Aduice Story of the S. Mâ—tthew S. Matthew brought home C. â—r Slingsby Sir George Carews aduentures iâ— the Aâ—â—enture Spanish Fleeâ— Corke Hâ—uen Danger by storme S. Andrew Course of the Fleet. Brauados often vnseasonable Wastspite distressed S. W. Brooke Vice-Admirals care Rumors S. Mathew and S. Andrew taken at Cadiz False intelligence by an Englishman Letters from the Admirall They shaâ—e their course for the Ilands New distresses Sep. 8. They make Tercera Note for the Ilands Rainbowe by Moonlight differing in color from those or the Sunne They come to the Fleet. Entertainment by the General Inhabitants of Flores 〈◊〉 Cueruos Earle of Essex his answer and behauiour to the Ilanders Earle of Essex his respect to Sir W. Raleigh A Counsell for taking in the Ilands Holanders and Spaniards enmitie implacable Rainbow be the Moone Fayall Vnarmed rashnesse Spaniards hated by the Portugals Hard place to land in Helpe by Pinnaces Basenesse of some Sir W. R. his resolution They land Flight of the enemy More actiue feete â—hen hands Spaniards and Portugals yeeld themselues Spaniards and Portugall schol lers of Fortun extreame in extremes And are not other Nations so Vsus promptos facit Strange accident of a shot Reare Admiral taxed Disorder Difference twixt Campe and Garrison Souldiers Reare Admirals valour Dangerous discouery Scarfe-brauery perillous Discouery best lest discoueted Fortification forsaken Towne abanâ— doned They enter the Towne Towne described Earle of Cumberland See sup l. 6. c. 1. Their order for safety and booty The Generals comming Sir Guilly Mericks vnchâ—â—itable officiousnesie Earle of Effeâ— his ambition of honour Sir Walter Ralâ—igh commeth aboord the Generall Accusation His answere Lord T. Howard now Earle of Suffolke his Christian and friendly mediation The Generall pacifed High Fort abandoned Enuie spieth more in pretended then in professed enemies and is alway worst to it selfe though bad to all Hart and another left with throates cut Towne fired Reward of cruelty is cruelty Graâ—iosa submitteth iâ— selfe Groue taxed Saint Michael Newes of the Inâ—ian Fleet. Three Spanish ships taken Indian Fleete pursued to T 〈…〉 cera The Peere described A Counsell Digression touching rash on sets and brauadâ—s Sir R. Greenuile his story you haue before which perhaps may somwhat better excuse him Roman examples Reuenge the only Ship of the Nauy Royall possessed by the Spaniards and dearly bought Rich. D. of Yorke Sir Io. Norâ—is 〈…〉 ter Strosse Terribly executed Example of 88 Inuinsible fleet inuisible L. Admirall commended They arriue at S. Michaâ—ls the second time Hâ—llow Sâ—â— Boldnesse by some esteemed fortitude Villa 〈◊〉 They land at Villa Franca Hanibals Capua The Earle excused A Brasil man A mightie Carack Greedinesse loseth his morsell The Carack ran her selfe on ground She was set on fire Examples of Cades voyage Carack of 1800. Tunâ— Preparation for returne Knights made Their returne Want of water Stills Birds 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dispersed Disorderly haste homewards Death of Sir Iohâ— Norris and Lord Bargh Note touching priuate gaines and publike losse in many Expeditions Roman policie 1. Sam. 10. There is report also of an English Colony left by C. North in Guiana still continuing Ruth 4. 11.