Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
lord_n	francis_n	sir_n	william_n	36,923	5	8.8615	4	true

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A68903	The actions of the Lowe Countries. Written by Sr. Roger Williams Knight	Williams, Roger, Sir, 1540?-1595.; Hayward, John, Sir, 1564?-1627.	1618 (1618)	STC 25731; ESTC S120160	84,201	144

THE ACTIONS OF The Lowe Countries WRITTEN By Sr. Roger Williams KNIGHT LONDON Printed by Humfrey Lownes for Mathew Lownes 1618. TO THE RIGHT HONOVRABLE SIR Francis Bacon Knight Lord Chancellor of ENGLAND Right Honourable THis part of Historie hauing lyen a long time by mee I haue thought good to publish to the world and that especially for these reasons First to incite other men of Armes to imitate in like sort their great Master Iulius Caesar who wrote exact Commentaries adorned of late with obseruations of a worthy man of our Nation of such militarie actions as happened vnder his commaund Secondly to preuent least such worthy paines should either perish or hereafter be set forth by others as their own a thing too much practised by some not of meanest note Lastly to make this a meane of drawing the residue into light which happely sleepeth in the custodie of some other man This doe I presume to present to your Honour as well in regard of the honourable estimation which still remaineth of the Authour as for the worthinesse which I conceiue to be in the Worke. For all of vs doe well discerne both the lustre of many excellent perfections in your own noble spirit and how you fauour men of valour learning or honest endeauour which vertues as they haue aduanced you to this height of honour so will they make your memorie eternally to flourish S. Stephens 1 Ian 1618. Your Honours in all seruice PE MANVVOODE To the Reader ALbeit in all Histories three things are especially required Order Poyse and Truth yet for diuers causes it hapneth that in many one of these doth faile For some haue written of times so anciently past that no means are extant either to direct or to correct them Many of these liuing in Artlesse ages haue stuffed their Stories with most senselesse fictions nothing better then country womens tales Of this sort was Hunibaldus who fableth that the French tooke their originall from Francio a Troian and is followed in his sotteries by Gregorie of Tours Rheginus Sigebert and diuers others of the same suite After this example Geoffry of Munmouth about 400 yeares since did first as some affirme draw the originall of the Britans from Brutus the Troian forging such races names reignes and passages of affaires as may more easily be conuinced to be false then supplied with any certaine truth Of the same streine is Wittikind who by his counterfeit Saxo hath drawen the Saxons and first Inhabitants of Germanie from the olde Macedonian Souldiers of Alexander the great So the Scots set vp Scota daughter to Pharao King of Aegypt for foundresse of their Nation Likewise the Irish hatched their Hiberus the Danes their Danus the Brabants their Brabo the Gothes their Gothus as founders both of their Nation and name a subiect wherein forgeries may range at large because the first times of Nations for the most part are as very small so altogether obscure Of this sort among the ancients were Herodotus Diodorus Siculus and Theopompus in whose Bookes Cicero saith many idle vntruthes are found euen so farre as the vaine veine of the Graecians durst aduenture to aduowe for truthes In how many places saith Iosephus is Hellanicus charged with falsities by Agesilaus and by Ephorus they by Timaeus Timaeus by many who followed Herodotus by all Others haue written of Countries farre distant either altogether vnknowen or by them neuer seene who writing vpon vulgar reports things either imagined or erroneously obserued are easily entangled with vntruthes Of this fault Eraâ—osthenes Possidonius and Patrocles the Geographer are branded by Strabo Hence also did rise the fables of the Arimaspes Gryphons Troglodites Amazons Satyrs Pigmies and of their cruell warres with Cranes of Nations of men with dogs heads with horse feete without heads without mouthes with one foote wherewith they couer themselues against Sun and raine and of diuers other monstrous kinds of men beasts fowles which now are discouered for vtopicall Aperies With these may Stephanus Arianus be ioyned of whom the one writeth that the French are a people of Italie the other placeth the Germanes neere to the Ionick sea So Strabo choppeth that the riuer Isâ—et or Danowe hath his spring neere to the Adriaticke sea and that the riuers Lapus and Vezer discharge themselues into the riuer Enis whereas the one runneth into the Rhine the other into the Ocean So are Tacitus Marcellus Orosius Blondus in diuers places of Germanie much mistaken And so Sabellicus Volaterrane and Conrade doe much confound the Alans and Almans the Hungarians and Hunnes the Danes and the Dace Austerane and Austrich placing the mount Saint Ottoly in Bauaria and the Riphaean mountaines in Polonia or Muscouia Others haue written of their owne countries and times but these againe are of diuers sorts For some busie themselues much in those things which the popular multitude doe applaud making wordie I cannot say worthy reports of Beare baitings lanching of shippes fleas mice owles maskes mayings c. And if they speake of any publicke affaires they discerne nothing but the out-side not vnlike to beggars who trauerse ouer many Countries from dore to dore and touch as many faire buildings but obserue nothing either of the persons or furniture or order within Such Historians doe daily and duely attend certaine Kings in India And whatsoeuer they doe whether eate drinke sleepe disport ease nature retyre to any woman In a word All they barely wright downe and nothing else Some others better furnished with iudgement doe strongly biasse in their affections and that chiesty by two meanes leuitie and partiality Of the first sort are they who affecting to write rather pleasingly then truely doe enterlace many ieasts conceits tales and other pleasing passages either omitting or defacing the solide truth Of this fault Trebellius is reprooued by Laberian and Vopiscus Tacitus by Tertullian and Orosius Orosius by Blondus To these also wee may adioyne Danudes Philostratus Guidius Câ—esias Hecaâ—aeus and diuers others who haue transformed the truth of many things into fabulous inuentions of their owne Of the second sort are they who vpon hate feare or fauour either to some persons or to their natiue countrey or to the religion which they professe or for some other partiall respect doe write Panegyrickes or Inuectiues rather then Histories So Salust writeth that the acts of the Graecians are much admired not because they exceede the Atchieuements of other men but because their writers hauing wit at will did much enlarge them aboue the truth Of this fault Blondus and Sabellicus are noted in their Histories of Venice Paulus Aemilius and Gaguine in their Histories of France and most others in the Histories of their owne Countries Who extoll depresse depraue immoderately making things seeme not as they are but as they would haue them no otherwise almost then Comedies and Tragedies are fashioned by their Authours Amongst those fewe who haue written with knowledge iudgement and sincerity the Authour of this

for want of masters to keepe them and to complaine of their guests abuses seeing also they could not carrie away the one quarter of their goods the most part resolued to stay Desiring the Counts leaue to signifie vnto their friends in Antwerpe aud Brussels how they were constrained to stay perforce in the towne meaning by that meanes to excuse themselues vnto Duke d'Alua whom they feared aboue all the world Euery day some of Lodowickes horsemen ranne vnto the ports of Brussels and vp and downe the Countries as pleased them spoiling and wasting what they listed Often they had great skirmishes but alwaies they defeated their enemies with halfe their numbers in such sort that d'Aluaes Captaines made ambushes for them fiue hundred at a time and the others would passe through them being scarse halfe their numbers This continued some time but d'Alua hauing gathered his forces dispatched Chiapin Vitelly with the most of his Caualrie and certaine regiments of footmen giuing him charge to inclose the towne in such sort as the garrison could not sally forth Being approached Mounts Lodowicke sallied accompanied with the Lord of la Noue and Poyet Sir William Morgan and diuers other aduenturers of good qualitie with all his horsmen halfe his footmen leauing Mounsieur de Roueres in the towne well accoÌ„panied with the rest Being past his Counter scarfe he left Mounsieur de la Noue who gaue order vnto fiue hundred Harquebusiers to hide themselues close in the high wayes some hundred score from the gates Poyet and la Noue stood with two squadrons of horses a little before them either squadron being of an hundred and fiftie the rest the Count commanded to go to ingage the enemy to skirmish Mounsieur de Roueres caused diuers pieces of artillerie to be transported from other Mounts vnto the Mounts that commanded the field towards the enemie The enemie aduanced brauely both horse and foote at which sight Lodowickes Curriers encountred theirs with sundry Cornets But they forced the Nassawians to retire and double their pases towards la Noue and Poyet At this sight la Noue aduanced desiring the Count to giue order to Poiet to stand and the Harquebusiers to keepe close telling him I know the enemy will repulse mee notwithstanding I will charge with your leaue in my retreit let the ambush of shot discharge their voles then Poyet may charge the better cheap The Curriers being hard at hand la Noue aduaÌ„ced crying to his company Courage turne bridle And withall charging some 400. Launciers Herguleters gaue theÌ„ the retreit into our squadrons which aduanced to re-encounter la Noue At whose sight la None retired bringing the enemies full vpon the ambush of shot which gaue them such a salue of Harquebushes that happie was hee that retyred first Withall Poyet charged very couragiously in such sort that the enemies doubled their pases towards their battell At whose retreite the Count wisely retyred his footmen into the towne with his horsemen in good order In the meane time Mounsieur de Roueres forgot not to plague them with his artillery The Generall of the horsemen and Vitelly aduanced their battaile remained halfe of horse foot in armes vntill their quarters were entrenched which they did in a short time For they were furnished with a great number of pioners and all necessaries in such sort that in lesse then fortie howers they assured the one halfe of the towne from salying forth Notwithstanding the ports towards Valentia and Hauery were cleare There stood an Abbey or Cloyster some halfe an English mile from the towne on a little riuer which ran froÌ„ the towne to the Cloister The place was not strong nor able to abide the Cannon Neuerthelesse it was necessarie to be kept for betwixt it and the Towne there was good store of grasse and corne with other necessaries to feed horses and cattel Besides they were assured the enemie would attempt this place first Therfore to winne time it was most necessarie to be kept Into this Cloister Mounsieur de Poyet desired to goe with some eight hundred Harquebusiers Although the Count and the rest were loath to hazard his person Notwithstanding the other alleaging himselfe to be but the third person in the towne desired and perswaded them that halfe their footemen should not goe to keepe any place without the company of a principall Chiefe To fulfill his desire it was granted him referring all vnto himselfe being entreated not to engage himselfe further then he might well retyre and assured that Lodowick the rest would quite the towne and all to follow him although they were sure to perish Mounsieur de Poyet hauing possest the place and furnished with about tenne dayes victuals vsed all meanes to strengthen himselfe By this time Vitelly had made the quarters towards Brussels very strong in such sort that two thousand were sufficient to guarde it against tenne thousand For he made there good forts about a quarter of a league one from another with strong trenches that ranne from fort to fort that no horsemen could sally ouer them And their footemen durst not passe those guardes for feare of the Counts horsemen Vitelly dislodged with all his horse and foote sauing the guards which he left in his forts and remained in battaile betwixt the ports of Valentia and Hauery vntill he erected a large fort like vnto the others Hauing left two regiments of footmen in it hee retyred with his Caualrie and the rest of his footemen vnto the next Village some halfe a league off leauing neere halfe his troupes in guard that they might be sure vntill the arriuall of Duke d'Alua Who beganne to set out from Brussels with the rest of his armie artillerie munition and baggage that night about two howers before day The towne and cloyster hauing intelligence sallied out from both quarters some eight hundred footemen with all their horsemen to giue a camisado vnder the conduct of Mounsieur de Roueres Being met in one place they gaue furiously into Vitellies quarter and forced his guardes into their place of armes Mendoza being lodged apart with most of the Caualrie gathered presently his horsemen in order and gaue resolutely into Vitellies quarter which was in danger to be runne through with this Camizado Mounsieur Roueres like a discreete souldier had left one of his best Captaines short of the enemies quarter with some three hundred of his best shot and a hundred and fiftie horsemen for his retreit which saued him and the most of his troupes Mendoza charged Roueres in such sort that happie was he who could returne first Comming vnto his ambush they peppered Mendoza and his horsemen with a salue of Harquebushes that turned them backe vpon the other At which instant the hundred and fiftie horsemen charged them on their backes By that time Vitelly and the most of

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