260 foot the height of the wooden part belonging to the same Belfrey 274 foot c. k Diana's Temple Some have fancy'd that a Temple of Diana formerly stood here and there are circumstances that back their conjecture as the old adjacent buildings being call'd in their Records Dianae Camera i.e. the Chamber of Diana the digging up in the Church-yard in Edward the first 's reign as we find by our Annals a great number of Ox-heads which the common people at that time not without great admiration lookt upon to be Gentile-sacrifices and the Learned know that the Tauropolia were celebrated in honour of Diana And when I was a boy I have seen a stagg's-head fixt upon a spear agreeable enough to the Sacrifices of Diana and carry'd about within the very Church with great solemnity and sounding of Horns And I have heard that the Stagg which the family of Baud in Essex were bound to pay for certain lands us'd to be receiv'd at the steps of the Quire by the Priests of this Church in their Sacerdotal robes and with garlands of flowers about their heads Whether this was a custom before those Bauds were bound to the payment of that Stagg I know not but certain it is this ceremony savours more of the worship of Diana and the Gentile-errours than of the Christian Religion And 't is beyond all doubt that some of these strange Rites crept into the Christian Religion which the primitive Christians either clos'd with out of that natural inclination mankind has to Superstition or bore with them a little in the beginning with a design to draw over the Gentiles by little and little to the true worship of God l However ever since this Church was built it has been the See of the Bishops of London and under the Saxons fifty years after the expulsion of Theonus the first Bishop it had was Melitus a Roman consecrated by Augustine Archbishop of Canterbury It was in honour to this Augustine that the Archiepiscopal * Insignia Dignity and the Metropolitical See were translated from London to Canterbury against the express order of Pope Gregory There are bury'd in this Church to say nothing of S. Erkenwald Persons buried in Paul's and the Bishops Sebba King of the East-Saxons who quitted his Crown for the sake of Christ and Religion Ethelred or Egelred who was rather an oppressor than governour of this kingdom the beginning of his reign barbarous the middle miserable and the end shameful he made himself inhuman by conniving at Parricide infamous by his cowardize and effeminacy and by his death miserable Henry Lacy Earl of Lincoln John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster Simon de Burley a famous Knight 17 A right noble Knight of the Garter executed by encroached authority without the King's consent J. de 18 Sir John de Bellocampo or Beauchamp Beauchamp Warden of the Cinque-Ports J. Lord Latimer Sir John Mason William Herbert Earl of Pembroke Nicholas Bacon Lord Keeper a person of great conduct and profound judgment Sir Philip Sidney and Sir Francis Walsingham most famous Knights c. and 19 Sir Christopher Hatton Christopher Hatton Lord High Chancellour of England to whose sacred and lasting memory his †Nepos nephew 20 Sir William Hatton William Hatton of the ancient family of the Newports but by him adopted into the name and family of the Hattons dutifully erected a magnificent monument becoming the dignity and high character of so great a Man m Besides this there is nothing of the Saxon work that I know of remains in London for 't was not long they had enjoy'd a settl'd peace when the West-Saxons subdu'd the East-Saxons and London fell into the hands of the Mercians And these civil wars were scarcely ended but presently a new northern storm breaks out namely that Danish one which miserably harrass these parts and gave a great blow to this city For the Danes got possession of it but Aelfred retook it and after he had repair'd it committed it to the government of his son-in-Law Aethelred Earl of the Mercians Notwithstanding after this those Plunderers did often besiege it especially Canutus who dugg a new chanel with a design to divert the Thames but they always lost their labour the citizens stoutly defending it against the assaults of the enemy But for all this they were under continual apprehensions till they joyfully receiv'd William the Norman and saluted him King whom Providence had design'd 21 The good of England against those spoilers for the Crown of England From that time the winds ceas'd the clouds scatter'd and the true golden age shone forth Since then it has not endur'd any signal calamity but by the bounty of our Princes obtain'd several immunities began to be call'd the ‖ Camerâ— Chamber of the Kings and has grown so in Trade ever since that William of Malmsbury who liv'd near that time calls it a City noble wealthy in every part adorn'd by the riches of the citizens and frequented by merchants from all parts of the world And Fitz-Stephens who liv'd in that age has told us that then London had 122 Parish-Churches and 13 belonging to * Conventuales Convents and that upon a muster made of all that were able to bear Arms it sent into the field forty thousand foot and twenty thousand horse Then it began to encrease on every side with new buildings and the suburbs round to stretch it self a long way from the city-gates n especially to the west where it is most populous Nurseries for Common Law or Inns of Court and has 12 Inns of Court for the study of our Common-Law Four of them very large and splendid belong †Ad â—â—â—ns sive â—â—am to the Judicial-Courts the rest to Chancery 22 Bâ—sides two Inns moreover for the Serjeants at Law In these there are such numbers of young Gentlemen attend the study of the Law that in this point they are no way inferiour to Angiers Caen or Orleans as 23 Sir John Fortescue J. Fortescue in his little Treatise of the Laws of England has told us Those four principal ones I mention'd Formerly call'd The New-Temple The Old-Temple where now Southamton house is in Holborn-Templâ—rs are the Inner-Temple the Middle-Temple Grays-Inn and Lincolns-Inn The two first are in the place where formerly in the reign of Henry 2. Heraclius Patriarch of Jerusalem consecrated a Church for the Knights Templars which was built after the model of the Temple near our Saviour's Sepulchre at Jerusalem For 24 At their first institution about A. D. 1113. there they liv'd in that part of the Temple next the Sepulchre and from it had their name being under a vow to protect the Christian Religion 25 The Holy Land and such as came in pilgrimage to the Sepulchre of our Lord against the Mahometans 26 Professing to live in Chastity and Obedience By which
bringing about that happy change The soil for some miles about Bathe especially to the westward as at Coston and thereabouts is so very stony that when 't is newly plough'd one would rather take the ridges for so many pitch'd Causeys to walk on than for a plough'd land to sow corn in so little of earth is to be seen among those bare stones the plough-share turns up Yet here they have as good wheat as any in England tho' perhaps not altogether so much on an acre as in deeper land The Country-men attribute these large crops mostly to the stones and if those were carry'd off the earth left upon the hard rock would be so little that it would not cover their corn and so light that the wind would blow it away t Between Bathe and Bristol a little river runs into the Avon â—â—nâ— â—r MS. upon which is Stanton-drew whereof the latter part might seem to point out some relation to the old Druids but that Drew is the name of an ancient family in the western parts and the monument there call'd the Wedding would strengthen such a conjecture The occasion of the name Wedding is a tradition which passes among the common people That a Bride going to be married she and the rest of the company were chang'd into these stones They are in a circular form 5 or 6 foot high and the whole monument is bigger than Stonehenge the Diameter here being 90 paces tho' no appearance of a ditch Returning to the river Avon we come to Cainsham rather Keynesham Keynesham call'd so from the Virgin Keina of whose family the Keynes of this County some whereof are still living affirm themselves desâ—ended But whereas Mr. Camden affirms he saw a stone like a serpent brought from hence with a head it is a mistake for all our Naturalists now agree that such stones are form'd in Nautili shells and that there are no heads belonging to them Indeed many of them have rough and broken pieces of stone issuing from them beyond the moulded wreath at the broad end which may have led some to imagine that those pieces were imperfect heads but really they are not so Such kind of snake-stones of all sizes from above a foot to an inch or two diameter are found frequently in their quarries w Between this place and Bristol upon the Avon is Bristleton Bristleton abounding in the same sort of cole that are brought from New-castle From Bristleton in several places of the adjacent Country as far as Stratton and Mendippe-hills as also Northward in Glocestershire are found veins of this cole which afford a strong and cheap firing to all those parts These veins of Cole are cover'd with a shell of a black hard stony substance call'd wark which will split like blue slat but is much more brittle and not by much so hard Upon dividing this Wark there is often sound upon one of the separated surfaces the perfect shape of a fern leaf as if it had by a skilful hand been engraven which as an exact mould or case receives the protuberant figure of the like leaf standing out on the other x Next the Avon runs to Bristol Bristol eminent for it's Goutes or subterraneous vaults by reason of which they draw all things on sledges for fear the shaking of cart-wheels should loosen these arches y About the Conqueror's time they paid thirty three marks and one mark of gold to Bishop G. Who this Bishop was is not express'd in Domesday nor any more than the bare initial either of his name or See If we durst say that G. were instead of an S. for those two letters are not unlike Sherborn or Salisbury under whose jurisdiction it seems to have formerly been would solve the difficulty but if that will not do I find none of the Bishop's names about that time beginning with G. If we preserve the reading Glevum or Glocester offers it self fairest which tho' annex'd at times to Lichfield and Worcester seems notwithstanding to have had the title of a Bishop's See z As for the place's being fortified by Robert Bishop of Constance it is a mistake for Geofry as appears from Bishop Godwyn in his Catalogue of Bishops under the title Exon. And Osborn in his Chronicon Juridiciale at the year 1072. tells us that Geofrey Bishop of Constance was the Chief Justiciary of England in that notable cause between Lanfranck Archbishop of Canterbury and Odo Bishop of Bayeux 'T is possible the name of Mowbrey Earl of Northumberland who was nephew to the Bishop and his name Robert might lead our Author into an error aa The castle which our Author tells us was built here by Robert Rufus Consul of Glocester is now quite demolish'd and built into a street aaa The honour of this place has been encreas'd by giving the title of Earl to John Lord Digby of Shirburn created 20 Jac. 1. to whom succeeded in the same honour George his son and John his grandson bb Mr. Camden makes the Diamonds of S. Vincent's rock admirable for thâ—ir six corners but if we may trust our Naturalists they assure us that 't is not worthy of admiration since very often Crystals and Berills and even sometimes your common Sparrs in many parts of England as well as elsewhere are of that figure cc And thus Avon passes into the Severn-sea tho' before we leave it it may not be improper to observe that it furnishes Bristol at the vernal equinox or then abouts with a dish perhaps not to be met with elsewhere which they call Elvers Elvers Some time in the spring the river about Cainsham is yearly cover'd over and colour'd black with millions of little eels scarce so big as a goose quill tho' some would have them a particular species These with small nets they skim up in great numbers and by a particular way of ordering them make them skower off their skins Being thus stripp'd and looking very white they make them up into little Cakes which they fry and so eat Continuation of the DUKES By the attainder of Edward Duke of Somerset that title lay vacant for a long time only Sir Robert Carr Knight of the Bath was by the favour of King James 1. created Earl of Somerset who falling under disgrace upon the account of Sir Thomas Overbury's death and having only a daughter that honour was at an end Upon the restoration of King Charles 2. William Seymour Marquess of Hertford was for his eminent services restor'd to the title of Duke of Somerset and was succeeded by William grandchild by Henry his third son William and Robert the two elder brothers dying unmarry'd William dy'd unmarry'd and had for his successor John Lord Seymour his Uncle who dy'd without issue Whereupon this title was devolv'd upon Sir Francis Seymour the third son to Edward Lord Beauchamp son and heir to Edward Earl of Hertford whose posterity now enjoys it More rare Plants growing wild in Somersetshire Aria
Trinity appear'd to him saying Why hast thou cast me out of my own Seat and out of the Church of Doun and plac'd there my S. Patrick the Patron of Ireland For John Curcy had expell'd the Secular Canons out of the Cathedral Church of Doun and introduc'd the black Monks of Chester in their room And the Holy Trinity stood there upon a stately Shrine and John himself took it down out of the Church and order'd a Chappel to be built for it setting up the Image of S. Patrick in the great Church which displeas'd the most-high God Wherefore he bid him assure himself he should never set foot in his Seignory again However in regard of other good Deeds he should be deliver'd out of Prison with Honour which happen'd accordingly For a Controversy arising between John King of England and the King of France about a Lordship and certain Castles the King of France offer'd by a Champion to try his Right Upon this the King call'd to mind his valiant Knight John Curcy whom he cast in Prison upon the information of others so he sent for him and ask'd him if he were able to serve him in this Combat John answer'd He would not fight for him but for the Right of the Kingdom with all his Heart which he undertook to do afterwards And so refresh'd himself with Meat Drink and Bathing in the mean while and recover'd his Strength Whereupon a day was appointed for the Engagement of those Champions namely John Curcy and the other But as soon as the Champion of France heard of his great Stomach and mighty Valour he refus'd the Combat and the said Seignory was given to the King of England The King of France then desired to see a Blow of the said Curcy Whereupon he set a strong Helmet * Plenan loricis full of Mail upon a large Block and with his Sword after he had look'd about him in a grim manner struck the Helmet through from the very Crest into the Block so very fast that no one therâ— was able to pull it out till he himself at the request of the twâ— Kings did it easily Then they ask'd him Why he look'd so gruâ— behind him before he struck So he told them If he had fail'd iâ— giving it he would have certainly cut them all off as well Kingâ— as others The Kings made him large Presents and the King of Englanâ— restor'd him also to his Seigniory viz. Ulster John Curcy attempteâ— 15 several times to sail over into Ireland but was always in danger and the Wind cross'd him so he waited awhile among the Monk of Chester and at last sail'd into France and there died MCCV. The Abby of Wetheny in the County of Limerick was founded by Theobald the Son of Walter Butler Lord oâ— Carryk MCCVI. The Order of Friars Minors was begun near the Ciâ—â— Assisa by S. Francis MCCVIII William de Brewes was banish'd out of England anâ— came into Ireland England was interdicted for the Tyranny 〈◊〉 King John A great defeat and slaughter was given at Thurles iâ— Munster by Sir Geffery Mareys to the Lord Chief Justice of Inland's Men. MCCX John King of England came to Ireland with a greâ—â— Fleet and a strong Army and the Sons of Hugh Lacy viz. thâ— Lord Walter Lord of Meth and Hugh his Brother for their Tâ—ranny but particularly for the Murder of Sir John Courson Loâ—â— of Rathenny and Kilbarrock for they had heard that the saâ—â— John accus'd them to the King were driven out of the Nation So they fled into France and serv'd in the Monasteries of S. Taurâ—â— unknown being employ'd in Clay or Brick-work and sometimâ—â— in Gardens as Gardeners But at length they were discover'd bâ— the Abbot who intreated the King on their behalf for he haâ— baptiz'd their Sons and had been as a Father to them in manâ— things So Walter Lacy paid two thousand fâ—ve hundred Markâ— and Hugh Lacy a great Sum of Mony likewise for their Ransom and they were restor'd again to their former Degree and Lordshiâ— by the Abbot's Intercession Walter Lacy brought with him Johâ— the son of Alured i.e. Fitz-Acory Son to the aforesaid Abboâ— whole Brother and Knighted him giving him the Seignory 〈◊〉 Dengle and many others Moreover he brought Monks with hiâ— out of the said Monastery and bestow'd many Farms upon theâ— with the Cell call'd Foury for their Charity Liberality and gooâ— Counsel Hugh Lacy Earl of Ulster built a Cell also for tâ—â— Monks in Ulster and endow'd it in a place call'd John King 〈◊〉 England having taken many Hostages as well of the English as 〈◊〉 the Irish and hang'd a number of Malefactors upon Gibbets aâ—â— setled Affairs return'd into England the same Year MCCXI. Sir Richard Tuyt was crush'd to death by the fall of Tower at Alone He founded the Monastery de Grenard MCCXII The Abby of Grenard was founded This saâ—â— year died John Comyn Archbishop of Dublin and was burieâ— within the Quire of Trinity Church he built S. Patrick's Churâ—â— at Dublin Henry Londres succeeded him sirnam'd Scorch-Villeyâ— from an Action of his For having call'd in his Tenants one daâ— to know by what Tenure they held of him they show'd him the Deeds and Charters to satisfie him whereupon he order'd them to be burnt and hence got the name of Scorch-Villeyn given him by his Tenants This Henry Archbishop of Dublin was Justiciary of Ireland and built Dublin-castle MCCXIII William Petit and Peter Messet departed this life Peter Messet was Baron of Luyn hard by Trim but dying without Heir-male the Inheritance fell to the three Daughters of whom the Lord Vernail married the eldest Talbot the second and Loundres the third who by this means shar'd the Inheritance among them MCCXIX The City of Damieta was miraculously won on the Nones of September about Midnight without the loss of one Christian The same year died William Marshall the Elder Earl Marshal and Earl of Pembrock * The Genealogy â—f the Earl Marshall who by his Wife the Daughter of Richard Strongbow Earl of Strogul had five Sons The eldest was call'd William the second Walter the third Gilbert the fourth Anselm and the fifth Richard who lost his Life in â—he War of Kildare every one of them successively enjoy'd the â—nheritance of their Father and died all without Issue So the Inâ—eritance devolv'd upon the Sisters namely the Daughters of their Father who were Maud Marshall the Eldest Isabel Clare the seâ—ond Eva Breous the third Joan Mount Chensey the fourth and Sibill Countess of Firrars the fifth Maud Marshall was married to Hugh Bigod Earl of Norfolk who was Earl Marshal of England â—n right of his Wife By whom he had Ralph Bigod Father of John Bigod the Son of the Lady Bertha Furnival and * The Widow of Gilbert Lacy. Isabel Lacy Wife to John Lord Fitz-Geffery by whom after the death of Hugh de Bigod Earl of Norfolk she had John de Guaren Earl of Surry
Montacute in Domesday Montagud it salutes Montacute so call'd by the Earl of Moriton brother by the mother's side to William 1. †If Leland be Mr. Camden's authority for this he freely declares he had it only by hear-say who built a castle at the very top of the hill and a Religious house at the bottom of it because it rises by degrees into a sharp point whereas before that it was nam'd * In the Copy of Leland which I had it is Logaresburch and 't is probable Mr. Camden had it from him Logoresburg and Bischopeston Annals of Glassenbury But the castle has been quite destroy'd these many years and the stones carry'd off to build the Religious house and other things Afterwards on the very top of the hill was a Chappel made and consecrated to S. Michael the arch and roof curiously built of hard stone and the ascent to it is round the mountain up stone-stairs for near half a mile Now the Monastery and Chappel are both demolish'd and the greatest ornament it has is a delicate house which the worthy c His grandson Sir Edward Philips is still living Sir Edward Philips Knight Serjeant at Law lately built at the foot of the mountain Lords of Montacute This place gave name to the honourable family of the Montacutes descended from Drogo * Juvene the Young Of this family there were four Earls of Salisbury the last left issue one only daughter which had by Richard Nevil the famous Richard Earl of Warwick that * turbâ—â—â—â— Whirlwind of England and John Marquess of Montacute both kill'd in the battle of Barnet in the year 1472. But the title of Baron Montacute was conferr'd upon Henry Poole Son of Margaret daughter of George Duke of Clarence descended from a daughter of that Richard Nevil Earl of Warwick by King Henry 8. who presently after beheaded him Queen Mary bestow'd the title and honour of Viscount Montacute upon Anthony Brown whose grandmother was daughter of John Nevil Marquess of Montacute d It still continues in the same family and the honour is at present enjoy'd by Francis Viscount Mountague and his grandchild by a son now enjoys it 9 And here I must not forget Preston sometime the seat of John Sturton younger son to the first Lord Struton one of whose heirs was marry'd to Sidenham of Brimston thereby Next to this is Odcombe Odcomâ—â— which tho' but a very small town must not yet be omitted because it has had it's Baron Barons William de Briewer Bâ—iewâ—r for so his father was call'd as being born * In eâ—â—â— in a heath who 10 Who being taken up in the New-Forest by K. Henry the sâ—cond in a hunting journey prov'd 〈◊〉 great man having great interest at Court being also an entire Favourite of Richard 1. was respected and caressed by all and so got a very large estate 11 Marry'd Beatrix of Vannes Widow to Reginald Earl of Cornwall with which by the marriage of his daughters for his son dy'd without issue he made a great accession to the estates of the Brees Wakes Mohuns La-ferts and Pereys Below this at a little distance is Stoke under Hamden where the Gornays had their castle and built a College This family surnam'd de Gornaico and commonly Gornay was very ancient and illustrious descended from the same stock with the Warrens Earls of Surrey and the Mortimers But in the last age it was extinct and part of that estate came by the Hamptons to the Knightly family of the Newtons Newtoâ—â— who freely own themselves to be of Welsh extraction and not long ago to have been call'd Caradocks Nor must we forget to mention that Matthew Gornay was bury'd here a stout souldier in the time of Edward 3. and dy'd in the 96th year of his age after he had been dd The Inscription was in French and is set down at large by Leland where 't is express'd that he dy'd Sept. 26. An. 1406. as the Inscription witnesseth at the siege of D'algizer against the Saracens at the battles of Benamazin Sclusa Cressia Ingines Poictiers and Nazaran in Spain Next the Parret waters Martock a little market-town which formerly William of Bologne son to king Stephen gave to Faramusius of Bologne Farâ—moâ—â— of Bâ—loâ— Fieâ—es whose only daughter and heir Sibill was marry'd to Ingelram de Fienes and from them are descended the Fienes Barons of Dacre and the Barons of Say and Zele From hence the Parret cuts it's way into the north through a muddy plain by Langport a market-town pretty well frequented and by Aulre Aulre a little village of a few small hurts which yet seems once to have been a town of better note For when Alfred had so shatter'd the Danes and by a siege forc'd them to surrender that they took an Oath to depart out of his dominions with all expedition and e I think most of our Historians call it Godrun the Saxon Annals constantly mention it under that name Godrus their King as Asser tells us promis'd to embrace Christianity then Alfred in this place took him out of the sacred font of Regeneration with great pomp The Parret running from hence receives the river Thone which rising at a great distance in the western part of the County next Devonshire passes through delicate fields 12 Near Wivelscomb assign'd anciently to the Bishop of Bath to Wellington Wellinâ— which in the time of Edward the Elder was the ground of six Mansion-houses at what time he gave this along with Lediard Lediaâ—â— which was of twelve Mansion-houses to the Bishop of Shirbourn It is now a little market-town receiving it's greatest glory from an honourable Inhabitant for persons eminent for virtue and their good services to their country deserve always to be mention'd 13 Sir John Popham John Popham J. Pophâ— memorable as for the antiquity of his noble descent so for his strict justice and singular industry This man now Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench administers Justice with so much evenness and such a temper'd severity that England has for this long time been mostly indebted to him for it's domestick peace and security Going from hence with a gentle and easie course the Thone washes Thonton or Taunton 〈…〉 and gives it that name It is a neat town delicately seated and in short one of the eyes of this County Here Ina King of the West-Saxons built a castle which Desburgia his wife levell'd with the ground after she had driven Eadbricth King of the East-Saxons out of it who had got possession and us'd it as a curb to a conquer'd nation In the reign of Edward the Confessor it gelded so it is in Domesday-book for 54 hides had 63 Burgers and was held by the Bishop of Winchester whose Pleadings were here kept thrice a year Those Customs belong to Taunton Burgheriste robbers breach of the
about the year of Christ 1183. Baldwin Archbishop of Canterbury by an exchange with the Bishop of Rochester got a mannour in this place wherein he began a palace for him and his successors and this by little and little was enlarg'd But when the Archbishops began to have thoughts of building a small Collegiate Church here Good God what numbers of Appeals were packt to Rome by the Monks of Canterbury and what thundrings threatnings and censures were level'd by the Pope against the Archbishops For the Monks were jealous that this might prove an encroachment upon their Privileges and deprive them of their right to elect the Archbishop Nor could these disturbances be quieted till the little Church they had began was at the instance of the Monks levell'd with the ground Near to this is the most famous mart-town of all the County call'd at this day the Burrough of Southwork in Saxon Suþƿerke Southâ— i.e. a work or building to the south situated so to the south over against London as that it seems to be a sort of suburbs to it but yet so large is it and populous that it may vie with most Cities in England being as it were a Corporation of it self Within the memory of our fathers it had it 's own Bailifs but in the reign of Edward 6. it was annext to the City of London and is at this day reckon'd a branch of it For which reason we will defer the further examination of this place till we come to London Beneath this the Thames leaves Surrey the eastbound whereof runs down in a direct line to the south almost by Lagham which in the reign of Edward 1. had it's Parlamentary Barons Barons S. John 〈◊〉 Lagâ—â—â— call d S. John de Lagham whose estate came at last to J. Leodiard by a daughter and heiress Somewhat lower almost in the very corner where it takes a view both of Sussex and Kent is Sterborrow-castle formerly the seat of the Lords de Cobham who from this place were nam'd de Sterborrow Sterborrâ— and descending from John de Cobham Lord of Cobham and Couling and the daughter of Hugh Nevil flourish'd a long time together in great splendour and reputation For Reginald in the reign of Edward 3. was made Knight of the Garter and Admiral of the Sea-coasts from the Thames mouth Westward But Thomas the last of them marrying Anne daughter to 15 Humphry Duke the Duke of Buckingham had by her one only daughter Anne marry'd to Edward Burgh descended from the Percies and Earls of Athol His son Thomas was created Baron Burgh by K. Henry 8. and left a son William father to Thomas Barons â—rough 〈◊〉 Burgh who was a great encourager of Learning Governour of Briel made by Queen Elizabeth Knight of the Garter and Lord Deputy of Ireland where he expos'd himself to death in defence of his country As to Eleanor Cobham of this family wife to Humphrey Duke of Glocester whose reputation was something tainted I refer you to the English Histories We must now reckon up the Earls Earls 〈◊〉 Surreâ— who were 〈◊〉 call'd 〈◊〉 of Wâ—â— Arms 〈◊〉 Earls 〈◊〉 Warrâ—â— William Rufus King of England first made William de Warren Governour of Surrey 16 Who had marry'd his Sister under the honorary title of Earl whose Arms were Checky Or and azure For in his Foundation-Charter of the Priory of Lewis we read thus I have given c. for the good of my master K. William who brought me over into England and for the good of my Lady Queen Mawd my wife's mother and for the good of my master K. William his son after whose coming into England I made this Charter and who created me Earl of Surrey c. To him succeeded his son 17 And marry'd the daughter of Hugh Earl of Vermandois whereupon his posterity as some suppose us'd the Arms of Vermandois His son William dying in the Holy Land about 1142. and his grandchild by a son of the same name But this last had only a daughter who brought the same title first to William King Stephen's son and afterwards to Hamelin base son of Geoffrey Plantagenet Earl of Anjou But the first husband dying without issue Hamelin had by her William Earl of Surrey whose posterity taking the name of Warrens bore the same title This William marry'd the eldest daughter and coheir of William Marshal Earl of Pembroke widow of Hugh Bigod and had by her John 18 Who slew Alan de la Zâ—rich in presence of the Judges of the Realm and John by Alice daughter of Hugh le * Earls of March in â—â—â—nce Brune sister by the mother's side to K. Henry 3. had William who dy'd before his father and had by Joanna Vere daughter of the Earl of Oxford John who was born after the death of his father and was last Earl of this family He was as I learnt from his seal Earl of Warren Surrey Strathern in Scotland Lord of Bromfeld and Yale and Count Palatine But he dying without lawful issue in the 23d of Edward 3. his sister and heiress Alice was marry'd to Edmund Earl of Arundel and by that marriage brought this honour into the family of the Arundels 19 For Richard their son who marry'd in the House of Lancaster after his father was wickedly beheaded for siding with his Sovereign King Edward 2 by the malignant envy of the Queen was both Earl of Arundel and Surrey and left both Earldoms to Richard his son who contrariwise lost his head for siding against his Sovereign K. Richard 2. But Thomas his Son to repair his Father's dishonour lost his life for his Prince and Country in France leaving his sisters his heirs for the lands not entailed who were marry'd to Thomas Mowbray Duke of Norfolk c. to Sir Rowland Lenthall and Sir William Beauchampe Lord of Abergavenny from which it came at last by the Mowbrays to the Howards For Thomas Mowbray marry'd the eldest sister and coheir of Thomas Fitz-Alan Earl of Arundel and Surrey In the mean time 20 After the execution of Richard Earl of Arundel Richard 2. conferr'd the title of Duke of Surrey upon Thomas Holland Earl of Kent who notwithstanding did not long enjoy that honour For secretly endeavouring to rescue the same Richard then taken prisoner and to restore him to his Crown his plot unexpectedly was discover'd and himself making his escape was seiz'd by the town of Cirencester and beheaded Next Thomas de Beaufort who was the King's Chancellor bore this honour if we may believe Thomas Walsingham For he tells us that in the year 1410. The Lord Tho. Beaufort Earl of Surrey dy'd But let Walsingham make good his assertion for there is no such thing appears in the King's Records only that Thomas de Beaufort was about that time made Chancellor 'T is evident however from the publick Records of the Kingdom that King Henry 6. in the 29th year of
a Furnace and Forge others a Forge only and others only a Furnace Near Hastings also are two powder-mills where is made as good Gun-powder as any in England And in that end of the County where the Iron-works are namely the East Char-coal is made in great abundance c To go along now with Mr. Camden St. Râ—â—â—-hill North of Chichester which has given the title of Earl to Francis Leigh Lord Dunsmore and after him to Charles Fitz-Roy natural son to K. Charles 2. is a place call'd St. Rook's hill †Aâ—â—â—â— Mâ—◠〈◊〉 MS. and upon it is still to be seen an old camp the diameter whereof is two furlongs and better The form of it is circular from which thus much may be undoubtedly gather'd that it is not Roman but probably Danish Those who have an opportunity of searching into the Records of the place would do well to consider whether the true name of it is not S. Roch's hill for he was patron of the pilgrims and here was formerly a Chapel which might possibly enough be dedicated to him A mile and a half from this place to the west is a Camp call'd Gonshill Gonâ—hâ—â—â— Ibid. which being of a different form must be made by some other people The figure of it is an oblong square which comes nearest to the Roman way of encamping The Bâ—ile Hard by Chichester towards the west ‖ there has been also another large Roman Camp call'd the Brile of an oblong form 4 furlongs and 2 perches in length and 2 furlongs in breadth It lies in a flat low ground with a great rampire and single graff and in such a place as renders it probable enough to have been that of Vespasian's after his landing d Eastward from hence is Arundel â—rundel which our Author observes to be of more fame than real note tho' it is now a market-town and a borough sending 2 Burgesses to Parliament The famous high-way Stanesstreet-causeway which is in some places 10 yards broad but in most 7 comes to this town out of Surrey by Belinghurst It is a yard and a half deep in stones which they discover by cutting passages to let in water and runs in a streight line It is made of flints and pebbles tho' no flints are found within 7 miles of it As the story of Bevis's horse call'd Arundel ought not to be altogether rejected so neither ought our Author's name of the river Arun and derivation of the town from thence be too securely clos'd with For that Bevis was founder of the Castle is a current opinion handed down by tradition and there is a tower in it still known by the name of Bevis's tower which they say was his own apartment Besides 't is natural enough to imagine that the name of a horse might be Arundel from his swiftness since that word in French signifies a Swallow and the present Arms of the town which is corporate by Prescription are a Swallow Now why might not Bevis's Arundel as well have the honour of naming a town wherein his master had a particular interest as Alexander's Bucephalus had of a city But whatever approbation this conjecture may meet with 't is certain that Mr. Camden's fetching it from Arun will not hold For that river is call'd High-stream to distinguish it from the other small rivulets or streams and seems to have bore the same name as to the sense at least all along The Norman English call'd it Hault-rey and answerably the middle-aged Latin writers Alta ripa so Mr. Camden tells us that Rhie in this County is call'd in Latin Ripa and several branches breaking out of the High-stream are at this day call'd Ripes or Rifes There was also an ancient family of Knights owners of much land in these parts even in the bosom of this great river in the parish of Hardham otherwise Feringham call'd from it de Hault Rey and their posterity remains in these parts to this day under the name of D'Awtrey in Latin De alta Ripa But our Author's interpretation Aruntina vallis will not by any means suit either the name of the place or the circumstances of it For tho' it be writ several ways yet no one makes it end in dale nor is a low tract of ground ever express'd by that word in this County as it is in other parts of England but by a Level as Pevensey-Level Lewes-Level Bramber-Level Arundel-Level with many others And the Commissioners of Sewers call the Imposition laid upon Land for repair of publick banks and sluces a Level-tax 〈◊〉 Eâ—rls â—â—iâ—â—ed Thomas Howard being restor'd in blood 1 Jac. 1. and dying An. 1646. was succeeded in his honours by his son Henry who in the life-time of his father was summon'd to Parliament by the titles of Lord Moubray and Maltravers By whose death An. 1652. this title came to Thomas his eldest son restor'd also 13 Car. 2. to the title of Duke of Norfolk which had been forfeited by the Attainder of Thomas the last Duke By which means the title of Duke of Norfolk came to Henry his brother along with the Earldoms of Arundel and Surrey who now among other honours enjoys them e Towards the north-east lies Findon â—â—â—don within a mile of which is an ancient Camp at about 2 miles distance from the sea 'T is call'd Caesar's-hill because the people imagine it was Caesar's Camp and they pretend to shew the place where Caesar's tent was Notwithstanding which the form of it shews that opinion to be an error for being roundish it seems rather to have been a British work f And farther eastward near Lewes Lewes there is another Camp From whence going forwards we meet with Pemsey Pemsey which * Forts and Ports in Kent Mr. Somner disallowing Camden's Lambard's and Selden's conjecture of Newenden thought to be the ancient Anderida where was the band of the Abulae grounding partly upon Gildas's words expressing the situation of these garrisons In littore Oceani ad meridiem on the sea-shore to the south and the design of them to ken and spy out the invading enemy and partly upon the antiquity of the place which Archbishop Usher makes the old Caer Pensavelcoit of the Britains by the coit i.e. wood the former condition of this County being hinted to But tho' he seems most inclin'd to this place yet he is not altogether so positive but either Hastings or even Newenden may lay claim to this piece of Antiquity g Not far from hence is Ashburnham Ashburnham of which place and family John Ashburnham Esquire Grandfather to the present Lord Ashburnham built there a handsome Church with 3 Chancels There is also a noble house of the present Lord Ashburnham's which for stately buildings and convenient garden-room is one of the best in this County North-east from hence lies Breede Breede the Court whereof is a branch of that at Battle and hath the same privilege and process The Lands
to reckon up the Earls of Kent in their order omitting Godwin 99 And Leofwin his brother and others under the Saxons who were not hereditary but officiary Earls Odo brother by the mother's side to William the Conqueror is the first Earl of Kent we meet with of Norman extraction He was at the same time Bishop of Baieax and was a person of a wicked factious temper always bent upon sowing sedition in the State Whereupon 1 Whereupon he was committed to prison by a subtil distinction as Earl of Kent and not Bishop of Bayeux in regard of his Holy Orders after a great rebellion he had rais'd his Nephew William Rufus depriv'd him of his whole estate and dignity in England Afterwards when Stephen had usurp'd the Crown of England and endeavour'd to win over persons of courage and conduct to his party he conferr'd that honour upon William of Ipres a Fleming who being as Fitz-Stephen calls him ‖ Vâ—â— Canâ—â— cubaâ—â— a grievous burthen to Kent was forc'd by King Henry 2. to march off with tears in his eyes 2 And so became a Monk Henry the second 's son likewise whom his father had crown'd King having a design to raise a rebellion against his father did upon the same account give the title of Kent to Philip Earl of Flanders but he was Earl of Kent no farther than by a bare title and promise For as Gervasius Dorobernensis has it Philip Earl of Flanders promis'd his utmost assistance to the young King binding himself to homage by oath In return for his services the King promis'd him revenues of a thousand pound with all Kent as also the Castle of Rochester with the Castle of Dover Not long after Hubert de Burgo who had deserv'd singularly well of this kingdom was for his good service advanc'd to the same honour by K. Henry 3. 3 Who also made him chief Justice of England He was an entire Lover of his Country and amidst the very storms of adversity discharg'd all those duties that it could demand from the best of subjects But he dy'd divested of his honour and this title slept till the reign of Edward the second An. Eâ—â— Edward bestow'd it upon his younger brother Edmund of Woodstock who being tutor to his nephew K. Edward 3. undeservedly fell under the lash of envy and was beheaded The crime was that he openly profess'd his affection to his depos'd brother and after he was murther'd knowing nothing of it endeavour'd to rescue him out of prison 4 Perswaded thereto by such as covertly practis'd his destruction but his two sons Edmund and John 5 Who were restor'd by Parliament to blood and land shortly after And withal it was enacted That no Peer of the Land or other that procur'd the death of the said Earl should be impeach'd therefore than Mortimer Earl of Marsh Sir Simon Beresford John Matravers Baious and John Devoroil had that honour successively and both dying without issue it was carry'd by their sister for her beauty call'd The fair maid of Kent to the family of the Holands Knights For 6 Sir Thomas Thomas Holand her husband was stil'd Earl of Kent 7 And she after marry'd by dispensation to the Black-Prince heir to him King Richard 2. and was succeeded in that honour by 8 Sir Thomas Thomas his son who dy'd in the 20. year of Richard 2. His two sons were successively Earls of this place Thomas who was created Duke of Surrey and presently after raising a rebellion against K. Henry 4. was beheaded 9 Leaving no child and after him Edmund who was Lord High Admiral of England and in the siege of †â—aâ—um Bâ—oâ—i Tho. Walsingham S. Brieu in Little Britain dy'd of a wound in the year 1408 10 Leaving likewise no issue This dignity for want of issue-male in the family being extinct and the estate divided among sisters K. Edward 4. honour'd with the title of Earl of Kent first 11 Sir William William Nevill Lord of Fauconberg and after his death Edmund Grey Lord of Hastings Weisford and Ruthyn who was succeeded by his son George He by his first wife Anne Widevile had Richard Earl of Kent who after he had squander'd away his estate dy'd without issue 12 1523. But by his second wife Catharine daughter of William Herbert Earl of Pembrook he had Henry Grey Knight 13 Of Wrest whose grandchild Reginald by his son Henry was made Earl of Kent by Queen Elizabeth in the year 1572. He dying without issue was succeeded by his brother Henry a person endow'd with all the ornaments of true nobility This County hath 398 Parish-Churches ADDITIONS to KENT THE History of this County having been already publish'd in three just Volumes by Mr. Lambard Mr. Philpot and Mr. Kilbourne beside what has been done by some others one would think that little more could be said upon the subject Mr. Camden too spent some of the latter part of his life in this County which gave him an opportunity of informing himself more particularly concerning it's Antiquities Yet some things there are which have escap'd the diligence both of him and the rest and mistakes have happen'd here as well as in other Counties a Our Author has observ'd that this County was given by Vortigern to Hengist on account of his daughter But the Saxon Chronicle which says nothing of that Rowena shews us that he rather got it by force of arms having worsted Vortigern in two pitch'd battles once at Aylesford and again at Crayford where he kill'd 4000 Britains and put the rest to flight And thus the Kingdom of Kent continu'd under a race of Kings descended from him till Baldred last King of Kent in our Author's account lost it to Egbert King of the West-Saxons He was the last of that race but Egbert's * Caron Sax. An. 830 Chron. Maâ—â—os p. 1. 2. leaving his son Aethelstan that kingdom shows that he was not the very last King of Kent b At the Norman-Conquest our Author tells us these Inhabitants made a Composition for their ancient privileges Which however oppos'd by †Somner Gâ—â—â—lkind l. 2 p. 63. Mr. Somner and others seems to have some remains in their present Constitution For how else come they to retain their custom of Gavelkind which once prevail'd all over Britain as it does still in some parts of Wales and why do the Heirs particularly in Kent succeed to the Inheritance tho' their Father suffer for felony or murder To come now to the Survey of the County it self we will begin in the north part and go along with Mr. Camden c The river Ravensbourn runs into the Thames near Greenwich upon which there yet remains a large fortification the area whereof is enclos'd with treble rampiers and ditches of a vast height and depth near two miles in circuit which must certainly be the work of many hands but of whose
primum Clusii Ger. emac. Allium sphaericeo capite folio latiore sive Scorodoprassum alterum C. B. Great round-headed Garlick of the Holms-Island Found plentifully growing in the said Island in the Severn-Sea by Mr. Newton Sedum minus fruticosum C. B. Vermicularis frutex minor Ger. fruticosa altera Park An Culi species seu Vermicularis marina arborescens J. B. Shrub-stone-crop or Glasswort found by Lobel growing plentifully in the Holms-Islands OXFORDSHIRE THE County of Oxford call'd by the Saxons Oxenfordschyre commonly Oxfordshire which I before observ'd did belong to the Dobuni on the west borders upon Glocestershire on the south where it is broadest the river Isis divides it from Barkshire on the east it is bounded by Bucks and upon the north where it ends as it were in a cone on the one side it has Northamptonshire on the other Warwickshire It is a rich and fertile Country the lower parts are cultivated into pleasant fields and meadows the hills are cover'd with great store of woods Nor is it only fruitful in grass and corn but abounds with all sorts of game both for hunting and hawking and rivers well stockt with fish The a It is not call'd Isis nor Tamisis by the conjunction of Tame and Isis as the vuâ—gar opinion is See it confuted in the Additions to Wiltshire p. 99. Isis afterwards call'd Tamisis in a long course washeth the south-side of this County Cherwell a small river famous for plenty of fish after it has divided this shire for some space from that of Northampton flows gently through the middle of the County and divides it as it were into two Parts The river Tame waters and makes fruitful the eastern parts till at last both of these rivers with several other little streams are receiv'd into the Isis a. The Isis when it has just touch'd upon Wiltshire is upon its first entrance on this County restrain'd by Rodcot-bridge Rodcot-bridge whence it passes by Bablac Bablac famous for Robert de Vere the great Earl of Oxford Marquess of Dublin and Duke of Ireland who being highly in favour and authority with King Richard the second and for that reason no less envied and hated by his Fellow-Barons has taught us this lesson That no power has force enough to secure those that enjoy it For being here defeated in a skirmish with the Nobles he was constrain'd to take the river and swim over for his life which was the sad catastrophe of all his greatness and glory for he presently fled the realm and b He was struck by a wild boar in hunting and dy'd of his wound at Lovaine An. 1392. His body was brought over into England An. 1395. and by the care and expence of the King was solemnly interr'd at Colne in Esick died in ignominious banishment In the Poem of the marriage of Tame and Isis we have these verses of him Hic Verus notissimus apro Dum dare terga negat virtus tendere contrà Non sinit invictae rectrix prudentia mentis Undique dum resonat repetitis ictibus umbo Tinnitúque strepit circum sua tempora cassis Se dedit in fluvium fluvius laetatus illo Hospite suscepit salvum salvúmque remisit Here Oxford's Hero famous for his Boar A Boar the Crest of the Family of Vere While valour prompts behind and prudence calls before While clashing swords upon his target sound And showers of arrows from his breast rebound OXFORD SHIRE By Robt. Morden Prepar'd for worst of fates undaunted stood And urg'd his beast into the rapid floud The waves in triumph bore him and were proud To sink beneath their honourable load After this the Isis now and then overflowing the lower grounds receives its first addition from Windrush a small brook which flowing out of the Cotteswold salutes Burford â—â—â—ford standing on the banks of it in Saxon c Bâ—org-ford Beorford where Cuthred King of the West-Saxons then tributary to the Mercians not being able to endure any longer the cruelty and base exactions of King Aethelbald met him in the open field with an Army and beat him taking his standard in which we read was the pourtraicture of a golden Dragon b From hence it runs to Minster-Lovel heretofore the seat of the Lords Lovel of Tichemersh who being descended from one Lupel a noble Norman did long bear a considerable figure in these parts and receiv'd a great addition to their Fortunes by matches with the heirs female of Tichemersh of the Lords Holland of D'eyncourt and the Viscounts Beaumont But this family was extinct in Francis Viscount Lovel Lord Chamberlain to King Richard â—rd 3 Baâ—â— 3. who was banisht by Henry 7. and at last slain in the battle of Stoke taking part with Lambert the impostor Prince His sister Fridiswide was grandmother to Henry the first Lord Norris Passing hence the Windrush visits Whitney â—tney an old town which before the conquest belong'd to the Bishop of Winchester d Given by Alwin Bishop of Winchester among the other Manours bestow'd upon that Church on the account of Emma's being clear'd of the charge of Adultery with him by Fire Ordeale See Dorsetshire p. 44. It was An. 1171. given by Henry Bishop of that See to his new-founded Hospital of S. Cross as appears by the original Leiger-Book of that House in the hands of Henry Worsley Esquire Near adjoyning is Coges the head of the barony of Arsic â—rons of â—c the Lords of which descended from the Earls of Oxford have been long extinct Hard by Wichwood-Forest is of a large extent though the bounds of it were once much wider For King Richard 3. disforested a great part of Wichwood between Woodstock and Brighstow which King Edw. 4. had taken into the limits of that Forest as we are inform'd by John Rous of Warwick The river Isis when it has receiv'd the Windrush passes unto Einsham Einsham in Saxon e Egones-ham Eignesham formerly a Royal Ville seated very commodiously among most delightful meadows This place Cuthwulph the Saxon f Among other garrisons in those parts See the Saxon Chronicle under the year 571. first took from the conquer'd Britains Aethelmar a noble man adorn'd it with a Monastery which Ethelred King of England in the year 1005. confirm'd 1 To the Benedictine Monks and sign'd the privilege of liberty to keep to the words of the Charter with the sign of the holy Cross But this House of Religion is at present turn'd into a private Seat and belongs to the Earl of Derby Below Einsham the Evenlode a small rivulet runs into the Isis which flowing from the Cotteswold in the utmost borders of this County c leaves nigh its own banks a great monument of Antiquity a number of vastly great stones placed in a circular figure which the Country-people call Rolle-rich stones Rolle-rich stones and have a fond tradition that they were once men thus turn'd
by that pious and good Prince Henry 6. A few miles from hence Thames is augmented by the river Cole which here dividing Buckinghamshire and Middlesex gives name to Colebrook Colebroke This the exact distance from Wallingford and London sufficiently prove b Mr. Burton in his Comment upon the Itinerary as he follows Mr. Camden generally so here he agrees with him but Stow Harrison Lloyd Leland c. fix the Roman Pontes at Reading in Barkshire to be the Pontes Pontes of Antoninus Nor is there any other town between those two places to which the name of Pontes or Bridges doth more properly agree For here Cole is divided into four chanels which for the convenience of travellers have so many bridges over them and that this name is deriv'd from them is plain from the very word In the same manner as Gephyrae a Town of Boeotia and Pontes in Gaul whence the County of Ponthieu was so call'd 3 And our Tunbridge and others which by the by fell to the English Crown in right of Eleanor Queen to Edw. 1. who was sole heir of it in right of her mother d With these divisions of its streams the Cole makes here several pleasant Islands into which the Danes fled in the year 894. from King Alfred who closely pursu'd them and were protected by the natural strength of the place till the King for want of forrage was oblig'd to draw off his army On this turning of the river stands Eure Eure. or Euer a little village which after King John had given to John Fitz Robert Lord of Clavering his younger sons Hugh and Robert took thence their name from the former of whom the Lords of Eure and from the latter the Family of Eure in Axholm is descended More inward we meet with two places which we must by no means pass by 4 Burnham better known by the Hedergs Lord Huntercombs and Scudamores who were Lords thereof and of Beconsfield successively by inheritance than by it self Stoke-pogeis Stoke-pogeis call'd so from the Pogeis formerly Lords of it from whom it devolv'd by right of inheritance on the Hastings e of which family Edward Lord Hastings of Loughborough founded here an Hospital for poor people 5 Making hâ—mself one of their Society and his nephew by the brother Henry Earl of Huntingdon built a splendid house The other place is Farnham the same as I take it which was call'd Fernham-Royal Fernham-Royal This the Barons Furnival heretofore held by this service That on the Coronation-day they should be oblig'd to find a glove for the King 's right hand and to support his left arm as long as he held the royal Sceptre From the Furnivals it desâ—ended by the daughter of Thomas Nevil to the Talbots Earls of Shrewsbury who though by way of exchange they surrender'd up this Manour to Henr. 8. yet reserv'd that honourable office to themselves and their heirs for ever The Cole being joyn'd higher by another rivulet from the west carries it along on which the first place observable is Missenden Missenden where a Monastery was founded by the D'oilys and endow'd by the noble family surnam'd de Missenden 6 Upon a vow for escaping shipwrack Next in the vale stands c This town was all along call'd Agmundesham or Agmondesham as far as the time of K. Henr. 7. Amersham Amersham in Saxon Agmundesham which can neither boast of its building nor populousness but may justly be proud of its Lord Francis Russel Earl of Bedford who liv'd an exact pattern of vertue and true honour entirely belov'd by all good men But the chief seat of the Earls of Bedford is Cheyneis Cheyneis something more toward the East where John the first Earl of this family and his son the fore-mention'd Francis lye entomb'd together To Cheyneis adjoyneth 66 On the one side Latimers Latimers call'd heretofore Isel-hamstead hut had the present name from the Lords of it the ancient Barons Latimer Here Sir Edwyn Sandys Kt. who married the only daughter of Baron Sandys hath a fine seat 7 On the other side Chesham Bois where and at Draiton Beauchamp the family of Cheneis hath anciently flourish'd Passing hence scarce three miles northward we come to the â—idge of the Chiltern hills which divides the whole Shire from south-west to north-east through many little villages of which the most considerable is Hamden Hamden whence the ancient family in this County took their name On the eastern angle of the hills upon a descent stands Asheridge Asheridge formerly a house of pleasure of the Kings where Edmund Earl of C rnwal son to Richard King of the Romans founded a Monastery for a new Order of Religious men by him first brought into England call'd * Boâ—i-hominâ—â— Bon-hommes 8 Who profess'd the rule of St. Austin they wore a sort of sky-colour'd habit after the manner of the Hermits From the top of these hills we have a clear and full prospect of the Vale The Vâ—â—e which I said was the other part of the County It is altogether champain the soil is chalky stiff and fruitful The rich meadows feed an incredible number of sheep whose soft and fine fleeces are sought after even from Asia it self f Here are no woods unless on the west side where among others is Bernwood 9 Whose foresters surnam'd de Borstall were famous in former times Nigel de Berstall was so sirnam'd from having kill'd a wild boar in that forest for which he had from the King one hide of arable land call'd Dere-hyde and on that he built a mansion and call'd it Bore-stale in memory of tâ—e slain boar about which in the year 914. the Danes committed great outrages d There is no tradition or authority that this town was ever call'd Burgus or that it was ever sackt by the Danes By a late Author Kennet's Parochial Antiquitat p. 41. it is deriv'd from Bruel a thorny place from bruer a thorn and then perhaps was ruin'd that ancient Burgh as Roman money found there doth witness which was afterwards a Royal village of Edward the Confessor though it be now a small Country-town and instead of Buri-hill is by contraction call'd Brill Brill g In this low part of the County though stor'd sufficiently with towns and villages yet we meet with few worth our observation and they seated by the Thames or by the Isis or Ouse Not far from the river Thames which watereth the south part of the Vale stands on a rising ground a very fair Market-town large and pretty populous surrounded with a great number of pleasant meadows and pastures and now call'd Ailsbury Ailsbury whence the whole Vale is commonly term'd The Vale of Ailsbury The Saxons call'd it ' Aeglesburge e As also Aeglesbyrg Aeglesburch Aâ—gelesburh when Cuthwolph the Saxon took it by force in the year f 571.
†Full. Wor. p. 17. That they who buy a house in Hertfordshire pay two years purchase for the air of it But as for the pastures Norden tells us there are but few to be met withall and that their meadows tho' here and there dispers'd are many of them cold and mossy And as to the soil in general he adds That in respect of some other Shires it is but a barren Country without the great toil and charge of the husbandman b In the north-west part of the Shire is Hitching Hitching which according to Mr. Norden had it's name from lying at the end of a wood call'd Hitch that formerly came up to it so that it 's true name must be Hitchend The main business of the inhabitants is Maulting and their market chiefly noted for Corn. c Going from hence to the south-east we find the Barrows â—arrows mention'd by our Author which I am not willing to imagine were either Roman burying-places or bounds but am apt to think they had some relation to the Danes For the Hundred at a little distance call'd Dacorum-Hundred and the place within it Dane-end seem to be an evidence of some remarkable thing or other the Danes either did or suffer'd in this place And Norden tells us but upon what grounds I know not that the incursions of the Danes were stop'd in this place where they receiv'd a signal overthrow which if true and built upon good authority makes the conjecture so much the more plausible d Near the river Lea lies Hatfield Hatâ—â—â—â—d now neither a Royal nor Bishop's seat but ‖ Bâ— p. 1â— belongs to the Right Honorable the Earl of Salisbury being a place of great pleasure upon the account of it's Parks and other conveniences For situation contrivance building prospect and other necessaries to make a compleat seat it gives way to few in England From this place most of our Historians affirm that William de Hatfeld son to King Edw. 3. took his name tho' 't was really from Hatfield in Yorkshire where to the neighbouring Abbot of Roch Qu. Philippa gave 5 marks and 5 nobles per An. to the Monks to pray for the soul of this her son and the sums being transferr'd to the Church of York are now paid by the Earl of Devonshire See the Additions to Yorkshire e Next the river runs to Hertford Heâ—â—â—â—rd call'd in Saxon Heortford a name no doubt took from a Hart with which one may easily imagine such a woody County to have formerly abounded What our Author says of the Rubrum vadum would indeed agree well enough to the south and west parts of the County where the soil is a red earth mix'd with gravel but the Hartingford adjoyning makes for the former opinion and the Arms of the Town which if rightly represented by ‖ 〈◊〉 Mâ—ps Spede are a Hart couchant in the water put it beyond dispute There is a very fair School founded by Richard Hale Esq a native of this County who endow'd it with 40 l. per An. f From hence the river runs to Ware Ware the denomination whereof from the Weares and not as some imagine from Wares or merchandise as it is confirm'd by the abundance of waters thereabouts which might put them under a necessity of such contrivances so particularly from the inundation in the year 1408. when it was almost all drown'd since which time says Norden and before there was great provision made by wayres and sluces for the better preservation of the town and the grounds belonging to the same The plenty of waters hereabouts gave occasion to that useful project of cutting the chanel from thence to London and conveying the New-river to the great advantage and convenience of that City g North from hence is Burnt-Pelham Burnt-Pâ—â—ham from some great fire or other that has happen'd there * Nâ—rd pâ— There were some fragments and foundations of old buildings which appear'd plainly to have been consum'd by fire and so to have given name to the place In the walls of the Church was a very ancient monument namely a man figur'd in a stone and about him an eagle a lion and a bull all winged and a fourth of the shape of an angel possibly contriv'd to represent the four Evangelists Under the feet of the man a cross-flowry and under the Cross a serpent but whether the monument be still there I cannot certainly tell h Next is Stortford â—â—ortfâ—rd since our Author's age grown into a considerable place well stock'd with inns and a good market-town The castle there seems to have been of great strength having within it a dark and deep Dungeon call'd the Convict's prison but whether that name denotes some great privileges formerly belonging to it I dare not with a late Author affirm i But to return to the Lea Tybaulds â—ybaulds in our Author's time seems to have been one of the most beautiful seats in the County As it was built by Sir William Cecil so was it very much improv'd by his son Sir Robert who exchang'd it with King James 1. for Hatfield house Fail Wor. 〈◊〉 1â— In the year 1651. it was quite defac'd and the plunder of it shar'd amongst the soldiers 〈◊〉 Albans k But to go from hence toward the west the ancient Verolamium first offers it self the Antiquities whereof are so accurately describ'd by our Author that little can be added 〈◊〉 Aâ—br MS. Some ruins of the walls are still to be seen and some of the Roman bricks still appear The great Church here was built out of the ruins of old Verulam and tho' time and weather have made the out-side of it look like stone yet if you break one of them or go up to the tower the redness of a brick presently appears About 1666. there was found a copper coin which had on one side Romulus and Remus sucking the Wolf on the other Rome but much defac'd l The brazen Font mention'd by Camden to have been brought out of Scotland 〈◊〉 Full. Wor. â— 32. is now taken away in the late civil wars as it seems by those hands which let nothing stand that could be converted into money m In the middle of this town K. Edw. 1. erected a very stately Cross about the year 1290. in memory of Qu. Eleanor who dâ—ing in Lincolnshire was carry'd to Westminster The same he did in several other places thro' which they pass'd some whereof are mention'd by our Author under their proper heads Viscounts â—arls and Marquesses The place hath given Title to several persons of quality that of Viscount to the famous Francis Bacon Lord Verulam and Lord Chancellour of England created Viscount of this place Jan. 18. 1620. Afterwards Richard de Burgh Earl of Clanrikard in the kingdom of Ireland was created Earl of St. Albans by K. Charles 1. and was succeeded in that honour by Ulick his son with whom that title dy'd for want of
in the publick Records of the kingdom they must excuse me if I suspend my assent till they convince me upon better grounds Not but I own the family of the Glanvils to have made a very great figure in these parts But before Edward the third's time I could never yet find it vouch'd by good authority that any one was honour'd with the title of Earl of this County But that King made Robert de Ufford a person of great exploits both at home and abroad son of Robert Steward of the King's house under Edward the second by Cecilia de Valoniis Lady of Orford Earl of Suffolk To him succeeded his son William whose four sons were snatcht away by an untimely death in his life time and himself just as he was a going to report the opinion of the House of Commons in Parliament fell down dead Robert Willoughby Roger Lord of Scales Inq. 5. Rich. 2. and Henry de Ferrariis of Grooby as next heirs at Law divided the estate Lel. Com. in Cygnaam Cant. Wallingham p. 35â— Regist Mâ—n de Melsa And Richard the second advanc'd Michael de la Pole from a Merchant to this honour and to the dignity of Lord Chancellour of England Who as Tho. Walsingham tells us was better vers'd in merchandize as a Merchant himself and the Son of a Merchant than in martial matters For he was the son of William de la Pole the first Mayor of Kingston upon Hull See Hull in Yorkshire i See Brook's Catalogue p. 305. and Discovery of Errours p. 46. 57 58 59. who upon account of his great wealth had the dignity of a Banerett conferr'd upon him by Edward the third But wanting a spirit fit to receive those crowds of prosperity he was forc'd to quit his Country and dy'd in banishment However his being a Merchant does not by any means detract from his honour for who knows not that even our Noblemen's sons have been Merchants Nor will I deny that he was nobly descended though a Merchant 20 Michael his son being restor'd dy'd at the siege of Harslew and within the space of one month his son Michael was in like manner slain in the battel of Agincourt leaving daughters only Michael his son being restor'd had a son Michael slain in the battel of Agincourt and William whom Henry the sixth from Earl of Suffolk first created Marquiss of Suffolk 21 As also Earl of Pembroke to him and the heirs male of his body and that he and his heirs male on the Coronation-day of the Kings of England carry a golden Verge with a dove on the top of it and such another Verge of Ivory at the Coronation of the Queens of England Afterwards he advanc'd the same person for his great deserts to the honour and title of Duke of Suffolk And indeed he was a man truly great and eminent For when his father and three brothers had lost their life in the service of their Country in the French wars he as we read in the Parliament-Rolls of the 28th of Henry 6. spent thirty whole years in the same war For seventeen years together he never came home once he was taken while but a Knight and paid twenty thousand pound * Nostrae monetae sterling for his ransom Fifteen years he was Privy-Councellor and Knight of the Garter thirty By this means as he gain'd the entire favour of his Prince so did he raise the envy of the people 22 Insomuch that being vehemently accus'd of treason and misprisions and on that account summon'd to appear before the King and Lords in Parliament assembled after having answer'd the Articles objected he referr'd himself to the King's Order Whereupon the Chancellor by his Majesty's special command pronounc'd That whereas the Duke did not put himself on his Peers the King as for what related to the Articles of Treason would remain doubtful and with respect to those of Misprision not as a Judge by advice of the Lords but as a person to whose order the Duke had voluntarily submitted himself did banish him from the Realms and all other his Dominions for five years But he was surpriz'd c. and so for some slight misdemeanours and those too not plainly prov'd upon him he was banish'd and in his passage over into France was intercepted by the enemy and beheaded He left a son John who marry'd Edward the fourth's sister and had by her John Earl of Lincoln This Earl John being declar'd heir apparent to the Crown by Richard the third could not suppress his ambition but presently broke out against King Henry the seventh to his own destruction for he was quickly cut off 23 In the battel at Stoke in the Civil war to his father 's also who dy'd of grief and to the ruine of the whole family which expir'd with him For his brother Edmund styl'd Earl of Suffolk making his escape into Flanders began to raise a Rebellion against King Henry the seventh who better satisfy'd with repentance than punishment had pardon'd him for some heinous Crimes But a little after he was by Philip of Austria Duke of Burgundy against the Laws of Hospitality as they then worded it deliver'd up to Henry who solemnly promis'd him his life but clap'd him in prison Henry the eighth not thinking himself oblig'd to a promise of his father's when he had thoughts of going for France cut him off for fear there might be some insurrections in his absence But Richard his younger brother living under banishment in France made use of the title of Duke of Suffolk who was the last male of the family that I know of and dy'd bravely in the thick of the enemies troops An. 1524. in the battel of Pavie wherein Francis the first King of France was taken prisoner For his singular valour his very enemy the Duke of Bourbon bestow'd upon him a splendid Funeral †Atratúsque interâ—uit and was himself one of the Mourners Afterwards King Henry 8. conferr'd the title of Duke of Suffolk upon 24 Sir Charles Charles Brandon to whom he had given Mary his sister widow of Lewis the 12th King of France in marriage 25 And granted to him all the Hmours and Manours which Edmund Earl of Suffolk had forfeited He was succeeded by his young son Henry and Henry by his brother Charles but both dying of the ‖ Sudore Britannico Sweating-sickness 26 On one day in the year 1551. Edward the sixth dignify'd Henry Grey Marquiss of Dorchester who had marry'd Frances their sister with that title But he did not enjoy it long till he was beheaded by Queen Mary for endeavouring to advance his daughter to the Throne and was the last Duke of Suffolk From that time the title of Suffolk lay dead till of late King James in the first year of his reign created Thomas Lord Howard of Walden second son of Thomas Howard Duke of Norfolk Earl of Suffolk
Grey afterwards Marquess of Dorset held this honour a little while It is evident from the Records that William Herbert Earl of Pembroke again brought in the Charter of Creation whereby his father was made Earl of Pembroke into the Chancery to be cancelled and that Edward the fourth created him Earl of Huntingdon in the seventeenth year of his reign But in the memory of our fathers Henry the eighth settled this honour upon George Lord Hastings But Francis Lord Hastings his son dying in his life-time this honour descended to Henry his son a truly honourable person both for Nobility and Piety he dying without heirs his brother George succeeded him whose grandchild by a son Henry enjoys the honour at this day This little Shire contains 78 Parishes ADDITIONS to HVNTINGDONSHIRE a HUntingdonshire call'd in * Annal. p. â—â—1 l. 1. p. 147. l 36. Saxon huntandunescyre and by later Writers Huntedunescire and Huntyngdonschyre is of very small extent scarce stretching out it self 20 miles tho' measur'd to the best advantage †â—â—eeâ— fâ—â—m â—ir R b. Cottâ—n It has been an observation upon this County that the families of it have been so worn out that tho' it has been very rich in Gentry yet but few Sirnames of any note are remaining which can be drawn down beyond the reign of the last Henry The cause of such decay in places nearer London is plain enough viz. the many temptations to luxury and high living and the great wealth of Merchants always ready to supply their extravagance with money till the whole be run out But this cannot hold here so that we must see whether a reason brought by a later Author will not solve it viz. That most of the County being Abby-land upon the Dissolution many new Purchasers planted themselves herein and perhaps their new possessions might have the same fate that Church-revenues have had in other places where they fell into Lay-hands b Our Author observes that it was all Forest till the time of Henry the second But if we may believe Sir Robert Cotton who sent the account to Speed and had himself design'd a History of the County this was never fully effected till the time of Edward 1. For Henry 2. did pretend to enfranchise his subjects of this Shire from servitude of his beasts except Wabridge Saple and Herthy his own Demains But such were the encroachments of the succeeding Reigns that the poor inhabitants were forc'd to petition for redress which was granted them by the great Charter of Henry 3. Only his son resum'd the fruits of his father's kindness till in the 29th year of his reign he confirm'd the former Charter and left no more of this shire Forest than what was his own ground The government of the County is very peculiar Cambridgeshire in the Civil administration being joyn'd to it so that there is but one High-sheriff for both Shires He is one year chosen out of Cambridgeshire out of the Isle of Ely a second and a third out of this Shire In the Isle of Ely he is one time chosen out of the north part and out of the south another c It 's chief town is Huntingdon Huntingdon in Saxon huntandune huntendune huntenduneport which appears formerly to have been a flourishing town reckoning no less than 15 Churches tho' in our Author's time they were reduc'd to four and of these the zeal of the late times only left two The cause of this decay seems to have been the ‖ Cotton in Speed alteration made in the river by Grey a Minion of the time as my Author calls him who procur'd the passage of it to be stop'd whereas before to the great advantage of the Inhabitants it was navigable as far as this town King John granted it by Charter a peculiar Coroner profit by Toll and Custom a Recorder Town-Clerk and two Bailiffs but at present it is incorporated by the name of a Mayor twelve Aldermen and Burgesses d Its neighbour Goodmanchester Goodmanchester probably by the methods our Author mentions grew so wealthy and considerable that in the reign of King James 1. it was incorporated by the name of two Bailiffs twelve Assistants and commonalty of the Burrough of Goodmanchester e Lower down upon the river is St. Ives St. Ives which a late Writer calls a fair large and ancient town with a fine Stone-bridge over the Ouse But within these three or four years it was a great part of it burnt down and whether it have so far recover'd it self as to merit that character at present I know not f Between Ramsey and Peterborrow our Author observes that King Canutus made a large Cawsey call'd by our Historians Kingsdelfe Kingsdelf But whatever way our Authors mark out by that name 't is certain they cannot mean Canutus's road for the name Kingsdelf or Cingesdaelf in those parts appears upon Record before Canutus's time I mean in the reign of King Edgar who in his Charter to the Church of Peterburrow * Chron. Sax. p. 119. lin 18. makes this Cingesdaelf one of the bounds of his Donation Besides the daelf will not answer a via constrata lapidibus or pav'd way but seems rather to mark out to us some ditch drawn at first for the draining those fenny grounds and reducing the waters into one chanel g On the west side of this County is Kimbolton Kimbolton which our Author says in his time was the seat of the Wingfields It has since pass'd from them by sale to the Mountagues and Henry Earl of Manchester of that name very much improv'd the Castle sparing no cost that might add to its beauty †Lel. Itin. MS. vol. 1. It was Sir Richard Wingfield who built new Lodgings and Galleries upon the old foundations of this Castle which was double ditch'd and the building of it very strong Here is at present a pretty fair town seated in a bottom which gives the title of Baron to the Right Honourable the Earl of Manchester h Leighton Leighton mention'd by our Author to be the seat of the Cliftons is now the Lady Butler's daughter and heir to the late Richard Earl of Arran who had it in marriage with the sole daughter of James Duke of Richmond as this Duke had by the Lord Clifton's Continuation of the EARLS Henry the last Earl mention'd by our Author had by Elizabeth daughter and coheir to Ferdinando Earl of Derby Ferdinando Earl of Huntingdon father to Theophilus the seventh Earl of that name who was Captain of the Band of Gentlemen Pensioners Privy-Councellor to King Charles 2. and King James by whom he was made chief Justice in Eyre of all the Forests south of Trent as also Lieutenant of the Counties of Leicester and Derby His son and heir apparent is George Lord Hastings I have not as yet observed any Plants peculiar to this County the more rare being common to it with Cambridgeshire NORTHAMPTON SHIRE by Rob t
as unfortunate as could be Catharine of Spain and Mary Queen of Scots lye interr'd finding rest here from all their miseries g 〈◊〉 Penns Beneath Peterborow the Nen by this time remov'd about five and forty miles from its Spring-head and carrying along with it in its chanel all the little streams and land-floods occasion'd by rain divides it self into several branches And by this means finding no certain course for its stream diffuses its waters all abroad the plain Country and overflows it far and near in the winter nay and sometimes the greater part of the year so that it seems to be a vast level Ocean with here and there an Island bearing up and appearing above the surface of the waters The cause the neighbouring people alledge to be this that of the three chanels in which such a vast deal of waters was us'd to be convey'd the first that went to the Ocean by Thorney Abby and thence aside by Clowscross and Crow-land the second also by the cut made by Morton Bishop of Ely call'd the New Leame and then by Wisbich have a long time been neglected and upon this account that the third which bends its course down by Horsey-bridge Wittles-mere Ramsey-mere and Salters-load is not able to receive so much water so that it breaks out with more violence upon the adjoyning Flats And the Country complains of the injury done them as well by those who have neglected the keeping open and clearing the chanels as by others that have diverted the water to their private uses and as the Reatines in Tacitus they say That Nature her self hath well provided for man's use in giving all rivers their issues and courses and their endings as well as their springs But of this enough if not too much In this place the County is narrowest for between the Nen and the river Welland one of the boundaries on the North-side it is scarce five miles over Upon the Welland which Ethelwerd an ancient Writer calls c The Saxon-Annals p. 109. call it Weolud and Florence of Worcester Welund Weolod near its spring stands Braibrooke Castle B. brooke Lords of B. brooke built by Robert May alià s de Braibrok a great favourite of King John's whose son Henry having married Christiana Ledet an heiress of a great estate his eldest son took the sirname of Ledet From one of whose grand daughters by his son as I said before it fell to the Latimers and from them to the Griffins who now enjoy it h Hard by amongst the woods I saw some few remains of a Monastery call'd anciently De Divisis now Pipwell Pâ—pwell founded by William Buttevillein for Cistercian Monks in the reign of Henry the second From thence we have a sight of Rockingham a Castle sometime of the Earls of Albemarle built by King William the Conquerour at which time it was a Waste as we find in Domesday-book Domesday-book fortified with rampires bulwarks and a double range of battlements seated upon the side of an hill in a woody forest thereupon named Rockingham Forest i It runs next by Heringworth the seat formerly of the * De Cantempo Cantlows and now of the Lords Zouch who fetch their original from Eudo a younger son of Alan de la Zouch Lords Zouch of Ashby and have grown up to an honourable family of Barons having been much enobled by matches with one of the heirs of Cantlow and also with another of Baron †De Sancto Mauro Seymour who likewise drew his pedigree from the heir of the Lord Zouch of Ashby and the Lovels Lords of Castle-Cary in Somersetshire k Here also in this Forest I saw Deane belonging anciently to the Deanes afterwards to the Tindals which is worth mentioning if it were but for its being at present a pleasant seat of the Brudenels of which Family Sir Edmund Brudenel Kt. lately deceased was a great lover and admirer of venerable antiquity The family likewise of Engain Barons of Engain which was both ancient and honourable had their seat hard by at Blatherwic where now live the House of Staffords Knights descended from Ralph the first Earl of Stafford and converted their Castle named Hymel into a Monastery call'd Finisheved Their Issue-male fail'd about 200 years ago but of the daughters the eldest was married to Sir John Goldington the second to Sir Lawrence Pabenham and the third to Sir William Bernack Knights of great worth and honour Here also we see Apthorp d It is now the possession of the right honourable the Earl of Westmorland the seat of that worthy Knight Sir Anthony Mildemay whose father Walter Mildemay late Privy Councellor to Queen Elizabeth for his virtue wisdom piety favour to learning and learned men shown by founding Emanuel-College in Cambridg hath worthily deserv'd to be registred among the best men of this age In the neighbourhood stands Thornhaugh Thornhaugh belonging formerly to the family of ‖ De Sancto Medardo Semarc and now to the right honourable William Russel son of Francis Earl of Bedford descended of the same family of Semarc whom King James for his virtues and faithful service in Ireland while he was Lord Deputy there advanced to the dignity of Baron Russel of Thornhaugh Neither is the little Town of Welledon Welledon Bassets of Welledon to be past by considering that anciently it went for a Barony which by Maud daughter and heir of Geoffrey de Ridell who was drown'd with King Henry the first 's son descended to Richard Basset Lord Chief Justice of England in whose race it continued till K. Henry the fourth's time when Male-issue failing it fell by the females to the Knevetts and Alesburies From Heringworth the Welland visits Colliweston where the Lady Margaret Countess of Richmond King Henry the seventh's mother built a fine house Beneath Colliweston the neighbouring inhabitants dig great store of Slates Slates for covering Houses for building From hence Wittering-heath a plain runs out a long way Eastward upon which the Inhabitants tell you the Danes receiv'd a memorable overthrow And now Welland arrives at Burghley a most beautiful seat from which that singularly wise and honourable Councellor Sir William Cecil Lord high Treasurer of England the great support of this Nation receiv'd the title of Baron Burghley Burghley Baron Burghley at the hands of Queen Elizabeth This house he adorn'd with the lustre of his own virtues and beautify'd with magnificent buildings laying to it a large Park for that †Parcus word Varro uses encompass'd with a Stone-wall of great circumference l Below this at Berneck lye the old Stone Quarries out of which the Abbies of Peterborow and Ramsey were built Here to use the very words of the History of Ramsey The toiling strength of the Quarriers is often exercis'd yet still there remains work whereon to employ them resting and refreshing them now and then by a cessation And we read in King Edward the
1631. He was originally a poor boy a Nailer's son and went to London in a suit of Leather and what by his own industry and the encouragement he met withal manag'd his affairs so well as to dye worth ten thousand pound Besides many charitable acts in his life he left at his death above four thousand pound to the maintenance of Lectures relief of the Poor c. There is also in this Church a monument for the memorable Elizabeth Countess of Shrewsbury who founded the adjoyning Hospital for twelve poor people and another very noble one for the Earl of Devonshire and his Countess but without inscription c Within less than a quarter of a mile upon the north-side of Derby stands Little-chester â—tle-â—ester having now not above 20 houses in it and none of them ancient But it 's Antiquity is sufficiently attested by the many pieces of Roman coyn found both in digging of cellars and plowing Some of them are of brass some of silver and some few of gold bearing the inscription and image of several of the Roman Emperours Upon a clear day the foundation of a bridge may be seen crossing the river to Darley-hill which overlooks the town d North from hence is Chesterfield â—esterfield which hath given the title of Earl to Philip Lord Stanhop of Shelford created Aug. 4. 4 Car. 1. who was succeeded in that honour by Philip Lord Stanhop his grandchild by Henry his eldest son Scarsdale also the Division wherein Chesterfield stands hath since our Author's time afforded the title of Earl to Francis Leak Lord Deincourt of Sutton created Nov. 11. 1645. then to Nicholas Leak his son and at present to Robert of the same name In the grounds belonging to Haddon-house â—ddon near Bakewell was digg'd up this Altar cut in a rough sort of stone such as the house it self is built of DEO MARTI BRACIACAE OSITTIVS CAECILIAN PRAEFECT TRO V. S. This with one or two more very broken and imperfect without any direction also where they were found were copy'd out by Mr. Walter Stone-house Minister of Darfield in Yorkshire a very learned Gentleman now dead whose large collection of Antiquities was sold by his son to Thomas Lord Fairfax and by his Executors to Mr. Thoresby whose son Mr. Ralph Thoresby preserves them with great care and is dayly making new additions Among the rest he had a piece of a bone and a tooth of a wonderful proportion dug up in sinking a lead-grove near Bradwall about 7 miles from Haddon The tooth tho' about a quarter be broken off is 13 inches and a half in compass weighing 3 pound 10 ounces and 3 quarters Along with these were likewise found many other bones which were broken and dispers'd with the skull which held 7 pecks of corn as several persons of good credit affirm'd Upon a sight of the tooth Dr. Johnston took it to be the Dens molaris of an Elephant and writ a Discourse upon it in a Letter to Mr. Stonehouse who was before inclin'd to believe it the tooth of a man f Turning our course westward we come to the Peake where near Buxton by a hill call'd Coytmosse is a very wonderful cave nam'd Pooles-hole â—oles-hole It 's entrance is very strait and low but 10 yards inwards you have room to toss a spear In most parts of the cave there are little dropping waters which having a petrifying virtue make many curious shapes aâ—d fanciful works upon the sides At a littâ—e distance from hence is a small clear brook memorable for being made up both of hot and cold water so joyn'd in the same stream that you may at once put the finger and thumb of the same hand one into hot and the other into cold In those parts also near a village call'd Byrch-oâ—â—r is a large rock and upon it are two tottering stones the one is 4 yards in height and 12 yards about and yet rests upon a point so equally pois'd that one may move it with a finger Which I the rather mention here because Main-amber in Cornwall a stone much like this is now thrown down In the same mountainous tract is Castleden Castleden ‖ Aubr MSS. Monum Brit. near which on a hill call'd Mamsor is a fortification and hard by were lately digg'd up Elephants bones There is now within the fortification a spring g As to Eden-hole 't is mention'd by our Author for its depth and not without cause for since his time it hath been plumb'd at the charge of Charles Cotton Esquire to the depth of 800 fathom and yet no bottom found Continuation of the EARLS William departing this life An. 1642 was succeeded by James his son and heir eminent for his good services to K. Charles 1. as was also his excellent Lady Charlote But after the fight at Worcester being taken in Cheshire and upon the 15th of October put to death at Bolton in Lancashire he was succeeded by his son Charles and he by his eldest son and heir William More rare Plants growing wild in Derbyshire Alsine pusilla pulchro flore folio tenuissimo nostras seu Saxifraga pusilla caryophylloides flore albo pulchello Small fine-leaved mountain Chickweed with a milk-white flower In the mountainous parts of Derbyshire about Wirkesworth and elsewhere plentifully Cochlearia rotundifolia Ger. major rotundifolia sive Batavorum Park Common round-leaved Scurvy-grass or garden Scurvy-grass On the mountains at Castleton in the Peak about the great subterraneous vault or hole Lapathum folio acuto flore aureo C. B. anthoxanthon J. B. Golden Dock In the meadows by the road-side leading to Swarston-bridge which in winter-time in floods are overflown by the Trent Trachelium majus Belgarum Park majus Belgarum sive Giganteum Park Campanula maxima foliis latissimis C. B. Giant Throatwort In the mountainous pasture fields by the hedge-sides c. plentifully as well in this County as in Yorkshire Staffordshire Nottinghamshire Viola tricolor Ger. tricolor major vulgaris Park Jacea tricolor sive Trinitatis flos J. B. Pansies or Hearts-ease In the mountains among the corn and upon the mud-walls and fences of Stone Viola montana lutea grandiflora nostras Flammea lutea seu 5 Ger. Pansies with a large yellow flower In the mountainous pastures of the Peak in several places principally where the soil is moist and boggy Vitis Idaea semper virens fructu rubro J. B. Idaea foliis subrotundis non crenatis fructu rubro C. B. Vaccinia rubra Ger. rubra buxeis foliis Park Red Whorts or Bilberries In the mountains of the Peak plentifully On the mountains in the Peak grow also those great mosses called Muscus clavatus sive Lycopodium Club-moss or Wolves-claw and Muscus erectus abietiformis Firr-leaved moss Of which we have made mention and given the Synonymes in Yorkshire Nothing more common there than Alchimilla vulgaris or common Ladies mantle known to the vulgar by the name of Bearsfoot CORNAVII HAving in order
Stoke And he by Anne his wife daughter of William Lord Hastings had Francis the fifth Earl who begat of Mary daughter to Thomas Lord Dacre of Gilles-land George the sixth Earl a man of approv'd fidelity in weighty affairs of State whose son Gilbert by his wife Gertrude daughter to Thomas Earl of Rutland the seventh Earl maintaineth at this day c. Next succeeded George and after him Francis his son the father of George Talbot Earl of Shrewsbury a States-man of untainted honour and approv'd experience in the weighty affairs of Government whose son Gilbert at present not only supplies his Ancestors room but supports the character too with great grandeur and his own personal merits There are in this Shire about 170 Parishes ADDITIONS to SHROPSHIRE SHropshire being the Frontier between England and Wales has had more Castles in it than any other County in England Insomuch that a * Fuller's Worth late Author says it may seem on the west to be divided from Wales with a wall of continu'd castles and Speed tells us that beside several towns strongly wall'd upon this occasion 32 Castles have been built in it a Of the more ancient Castles there seems to have been one at Chirbury Chirbury near the Severn for Aethelfled Lady of the Mercians is †Chr. Sax. said to have built one at Cyricbyrig Now as to the affinity between the old and new names if we add the Norman h after C the change is very easie and natural and for the condition of the place nothing can answer more exactly for where should she more probably build it than here when her main design was to secure her kingdom against the incursions of the Welsh b From hence toward the south-east was fought that famous battel mention'd by our Author between Ostorius and Caratacus And as the Action was great and eminent ‖ Aubrey 's Monumenta Britan. vol. 2. so are the remains of it to this day very considerable Near Lanterden about the meeting of the rivers Teme and Clun are two barrows in which were found burnt bones and an urn And a little way east of Teme at Brandon Brandon is a single square work with four ports very commodiously situated as having near it the river to serve them with water a thing the Romans were always careful to secure if possible And these are the reliques of the Romans As for the Britains there is a Camp of theirs about half a mile from Brandon at a place call'd Coxoll near Brampton-Bryan-Castle it is now cover'd with great oaks From hence they seem to have been beaten and about three miles towards the north is that large British Camp Caer-Caradock Caer Caradock The trenches are very deep and yet it is hard rock The Rampires are wall'd but the wall is now cover'd with earth which if one remove a little the stones appear * Dugd. Visitation of Shropsh It is now vulgarly call'd the Gair and situate upon the east-point of a very steep hill having no access to it but from a plain on the west part thereof It is three times as long as 't is broad having its entrance to the west fenc'd with a high treble rampire There is also a narrow passage out of it towards the east upon the very pitch of the hill The north-side of it is fortify'd with a deep and double trench but on the south-side it hath but a single trench because the steepness of that side of the hill is of it self a very good defence On the south-point of a high hill a mile north of Clun call'd Tongley Tongley is a large fortification somewhat larger than Caer Caradock it is made circular and defended with 3 deep trenches drawn round it And a mile from Bishops-castle towards Montgomery is a place call'd the Bishops-mote Bishops-mote where is a very steep and high hill like the Keep of a Castle at the west end and towards the east near an acre of ground surrounded with an entrenchment These are all the marks we have left of this memorable engagement c Keeping along the south-coast of the County we come to Clay-hill Clay-hill where are still the remains of an ancient Camp d From whence the Severn leads us to Bridgenorth Bridgnorth a name as Leland has observ'd but of late use it being call'd in all ancient Records Bridge But the most ancient name is that given it by the Saxon Annals Bricge from which by some of our later Historians it is term'd Brugge and Bruggenorth that addition being made upon the building of some bridge over the Severn south of this So that our Author I think is mistaken when he says it was formerly call'd simply Burgh implying thereby some fortification That Castle built by the Danes An. 896. call'd in Saxon CÆ¿atbricge seems to be the very same tho' our Author and Mr. Somner are inclin'd to place it at Cambridge in Glocestershire For 1. 't is said expresly to be upon the Severn whereas Cambridge is two miles distant and beside that was probably built to guard the passage over the Severn 2. The Canterbury-copy reads it expresly Bricge as the Chronicle calls Bridgenorth which is at this day commonly nam'd Brigge And 3. As to the former part of the word there is a town about a mile distant call'd Quatford and another at two miles distance call'd Quat so that one may reasonably imagine CÆ¿atbricge should not be far off The forest Morfe Morfe mention'd by our Author is now a waste with scarce a tree upon it and the Walls and Castle he speaks of quite ruinated Northward from hence is Evelyn from which place the family of that name came into Surrey some ages since along with the Onslows and Hattons where these three seated themselves near one another and have remain'd a long time e Upon the edge of Staffordshire is the Well of S. Kenelm S Kâ—â—â—â—â— Welâ— to whom the Kingdom of Mercia fell at seven years of age But Quendred his sister practising with the young King's guardians made him away f More to the west is Acton-Burnell Acâ—â—â—-Burnell famous as our Author observes for a Parliament there The House of Commons sat in a barn then belonging to the Abbot of the Monastery of S. Peter and S. Paul which is still standing and belongs to Francis Prynce Esq g Next the Severn carries us to the Uriconium Uriconiâ—â— of the Ancients the circumference of which city-wall was about 3 miles built upon a foundation for the most part made of pebble-stones about 3 yards thick and a vast trench round it which in some places appears exceeding deep to this day Our Author refers the decay of it to the Danish wars and that it was burnt is indubitable for the way the fire went is still discoverable by the blackness and rankness of the soil But if we say this was done by the Danes we seem to injure the Antiquity of Shrewsbury
title of Aber Gavenni upon which the majority of voices gave it the heir-male And when he had again proposed Whether the title of Baron Le Despenser Baroness le Despenser should be conferr'd on the female and her heirs they unanimously agreed to it to which his Majesty gave his Royal Assent And Edward Nevil was soon after summon'd to Parliament by the King 's Writ under the title of Baron of Aber-Gavenni And being according to the usual ceremony introduc'd in his Parliament-Robe between two Barons he was placed above the Baron de Audeley At the same time also the King's Patent was read before the Peers whereby his Majesty restored rais'd preferred c. Mary Fane to the state degree title stile name honour and dignity of Baroness le Despenser Baroness le Despenser and that her heirs successively should be Barens le Despenser c. But the question of precedency being proposed the Peers referr'd the decision thereof to the Commissioners for the office of Earl Marshal of England who signâ—d their Verdict for the Barony of le Despenser This was read before the Peers and by their order register'd in the Parliament Diary out of which I have taken this account in short What ought not to be omitted is that John Hastings held this Castle by homage ward and marriage 6 Edw. 2. When it happens as we read in the Inquisition and if there should chance any war between the King of England and Prince of Wales he ought to defend the Country of Over-went at his own charges to the utmost of his power for the good of himself the King and Kingdom The second town call'd by Antoninus Burrium Burrium who places it 12 miles from Gobannium is seated where the river Byrdhin falls into Usk. 'T is call'd now in British by a transposition of letters Brynbiga for Burenbegi and also Kaer-ŵysk by Giraldus Castrum Oskae and in English Usk. Usk. It shews now only the ruins of a large strong Castle pleasantly seated between the river Usk and Oilwy a small brook which takes its course from the east by Ragland a stately castle-like house of the Earl of Worcester's and passes under it The third City call'd by Antoninus Isca Isca and Legio secunda seated on the other side of the river Usk and distant as he observes exactly 12 Italian miles from Burrium is câ—ll'd by the Britains Kaer Lheion and Kaer Lheion ar ŵysk Kaer Lheion ar Wysk which signifies the City of the Legion on the river Usk from the Legio Secunda Augusta called also Britannica secunda This Legion instituted by Augustus and translated out of Germany into Britain by Claudius under the conduct of Vespasian to whom upon his aspiring to the Empire it prov'd serviceable and also secur'd him the British Legions was placed here at length by Julius Frontinus as seems probable in garrison against the Silures How great a City this Isca was at that time our Giraldus informs us in his Itinerary of Wales A very ancient city this was saith he and enjoy'd honourable privileges elegantly built by the Romans with * The câ—â—cuit â—f 〈◊〉 walls aâ—â— 3 miles Enderoy brick walls There are yet remaining many footsteps of its ancient splendour stately palaces which formerly with their gilded Tiles emulated the Roman grandeur for that it was at first built by the Roman nobility and adorn'd with sumptuous edifices an exceeding high tower remarkable hot †An. 16â—â— hot baâ—â—s were dâ—â—â—ver'd 〈◊〉 S. Julâ—aâ— the brâ—â—â— equilateâ—â—ly squâ—â—â— about 〈◊〉 inch tâ—â— like thâ—â— at S. Aâ—â—â—â— Mr. Aâ—â—â— baths ruins of ancient temples theatrical places encompass'd with stately walls which are partly yet standing Subterraneous edifices are frequently met with not only within the walls but also in the suburbs aqueducts vaults and which is well worth our observation Hypocausts or stoves contriv'd with admirable artifice conveying heat insensibly through some very narrow vents on the sides Two very eminent and next to St. Alban and Amphibalus the chief Protomartyrs of Britannia major lye entombed here where they were crown'd with martyrdom viz. Julius and Aaron who had also Churches dedicated to them in this City For in ancient times there were three noble Churches here One of Julius the Martyr grac'd with a Quire of Nuns devoted to God's service another dedicated to St. Aaron his companion ennobled with an excellent order of Canons and the third honour'd with the Metropolitan See of Wales Amphibalus also teacher of St. Alban who sincerely instructed him in the Faith was born here This City is excellently well seated on the navigable river Usk and beautified with meadows and woods Here the Roman Embassadors received their audience at the illustrious court of that great King Arthur And here also the Archbishop Dubricius resign'd that honour to David of Menevia by translating the Archiepiscopal See from this City thither Thus far Giraldus But in confirmation of the antiquity of this place I have taken care to add some ancient Inscriptions lately dug up there and communicated to me by the right reverend Father in God Francis Godwin Lord Bishop of Landaff a lover of venerable antiquity and all other good literature In the year 1602. some labourers digging in a meadow adjoyning found on a checquer'd pavement a statue of a person in a short-truss'd habit with a Quiver and Arrows the head hands and feet broken off and also the fragment of an Altar with this Inscription of fair large characters about three inches long erected by Haterianus Lieutenant-General of Augustus and Propraetor of the Province of Cilicia 〈…〉 HATERIANVS LEG AVG PR PR PROVINC CILIC The next year was discover'd also this Inscription which shews the Statue before mention'd to have been of the Goddess Diana and that Titus Flavius Posthumius Varus perhaps of the fifth Cohort of the second Legion had repair'd her Temple a Id est Titus Flavius Postumius Varus quintae Cohortis Legionis Secundae Augustae Templum Dianae restituit T. FL. POSTVMIVS VARVS V. C. LEG TEMPL DIANAE RESTITVIT Also this votive Altar out of which the name of the Emperour * Geta seems to have been rased when he was deposed by his brother Antoninus Bassianus â—â—e Phil. â—â—ns 〈◊〉 1â—5 and declared an enemy yet so as there are some shadows of the Letters still remaining b Id est Pro salute Augustorum nostrorum Severi Antonini Getae Caesarum Publius Saltienus Publii filius Maecia Thalamus ex hac gente aut tribu nempe Publ. Saltienus ortus est Praefectus Legionis secundae Augustae C. Vampeiano Luciliano Consulibus PRO SALVTE In printed Copies Claudius Pompeianus and Lollianus Avitus Coss An. Chr. 210. AVGG N. N. SEVERI ET ANTONINI ET GETAE CAES. P. SALTIENVS P. F. MAECIA THALAMVS HADRI PRAEF LEG II. AVG. C. VAMPEIANO ET LVCILIAN And this fragment of a very fair Altar the Inscription whereof might perhaps be thus supplied
which he holdeth of the said Aimar 's inheritance so fully and after the same manner as the same Aimar had and held them at the time of his death c. Witness the King at Montmartin the 13th day of October and the 13th year of his reign This Lawrence Hastings was succeeded by his son John who being taken by the Spaniards in a sea-fight and afterwards redeem'd died in France in the year 1375. To him succeeded his son John who was kill'd in a Tournament at Woodstock Anno 1391. 11 By Sir John St. John casually And it was observ'd of this family I know not by what fate that no father ever saw his son for five generations He leaving no issue several considerable Revenues devolv'd to the Crown and the Castle of Penbroke was granted to Francis At-court a courtier of that time in great favour who upon that account was commonly call'd Lord of Penbroke 12 Not long after Humfrey son to K. Hen. 4. before he was Duke of Glocester receiv'd this title of his brother K. Hen. 5. and before his death K. Hen. 6. granted the same in reversion a thing not before heard of to William de la Pole Earl of Suffolk after whose downfall the said King when he had enabl'd Edmund of Hadham and Jasper of Hatfield the sons of Queen Catharine his mother to be his lawful half-brethren created Jasper Earl of Penbroke and Edmund Earl of Richmond with pre-eminence to take place above all Earls For Kings have absolute authority in dispensing honours And not long after John Duke of Bedford and after him his brother Humfrey Duke of Glocester the sons of K. Hen. 4. obtain'd the same title After that William de la Pole was made Marquis of Penbroke upon whose decease K. Hen. 6. created Jasper de Hatfield his brother by the mother's side Earl of Penbroke who being afterwards divested of all honours by K. Hen. 4. was succeeded by 13 Sir William Herbert for his good service against Jasper in Wales William Herbert who was kill'd in the battel at Banbury To him succeeded a son of the same name whom Edw. 4. having recover'd his Kingdom created Earl of Huntingdon conferring the title of Earl of Penbroke on his eldest son Edward Prince of Wales A long time after that King Hen. 8. entitled Anne of Bullen whom he had betrothed Marchioness of Penbroke 14 With a Mantle and Coronet in regard both of her Nobility and also her Vertues for so ran the words of the Patent At last King Edw. 6. in our memory invested 15 Sir William William Herbert Lord of Caer-Diff with the same title He was succeeded by his son Henry who was President of Wales under Queen Elizabeth And now his son William a person in all respects most accomplish'd enjoys that honour Origin of the Herberts This family of the Herberts is very noble and ancient in these parts of Wales For they derive their pedigree from Henry Fitz-Herbert Chamberlain to K. Hen. 1. who marry'd that King's ‖ Amasiam Concubine Reginald Earl of Cornwal's mother as I am inform'd by Mr. Robert Glover a person of great insight in Genealogies by whose untimely decease Genealogical Antiquities have suffer'd extreamly Parishes in this County 145. ADDITIONS to PENBROKSHIRE a THAT our Author hath justly represented the Flemings to be a warlike and industrious Nation is very evident as well from the account we have of them in History as that they have maintain'd their Territories to be distinguishable from the Welsh even to this day But that all Wales with united Forces hath several times invaded their Country and that without success seems a more honourable character of them than we find in other Historians I shall therefore transcribe what Dr. Powel hath deliver'd upon this occasion in his * p. 277. History of Wales In the year 1217. Prince Lhewelyn ap Gorwerth marched to Dyved and being at Kevn Kynwarchan the Flemings sent to him to desire a peace but the Prince would not grant them their request Then young Rŷs was the first that pass'd the river Kledheu to fight with those of the town of Haverford whereupon Gorwerth Bishop of St. Davids with all his Clergy came to the Prince to intercede for peace in behalf of the Flemings which after long debating was thus concluded First That all the Inhabitants of Ros and the Land of Penbroke should become the Prince's subjects and ever from thence-forth take him for their liege Lord. Secondly That they should pay him 1000 Marks toward his charges before Michaelmas next coming Thirdly That for the performance of these they should deliver forthwith to the Prince twenty Pledges of the best in all the Country c. And again p. 279. In the year 1220. Lhewelyn Prince of Wales led an Army to Penbroke against the Flemings who contrary to their Oath and League had taken the Castle of Aber Teivi which Castle the Prince destroy'd putting the Garison to the sword ras'd the Castle and went thence to the Land of Gwys where he ras'd that Castle and burn'd the Town Also he caus'd all Haverford to be burn'd to the Castle-gates and destroy'd all Ros and Daugledhau and they that kept the Castle sent to him for Truce till May which was concluded upon Conditions and so he return'd home b As to the ancient name of S. Davids there is not far from it a place at this day call'd Melin Meneu wherein is preserv'd the old denomination But the original signification of the word Meneu is now lost and perhaps not to be retriev'd However I would recommend it to the curious in Ireland and Scotland where the names of places agree much with those in Wales to consider whether it may not signifie a Frith or narrow Sea for we find the Chanel betwixt Caernarvonshire and the Isle of Anglesey to be call'd Abermeneu and that there is here also a small Fretum call'd the Sound betwixt this place and the Isle of Ramsey and another place call'd Meney by a Frith in Scotland in the County of Buquhan c Besides the instance of the Sea-sands being washt off we find the same to have happen'd about the year 1590. For Mr. George Owen who liv'd at that time and is mention'd by our Author as a learned and ingenious person gives us the following account of it in a Manuscript History of this County About twelve or thirteen years since it happen'd that the Sea-sands at Newgal which are cover'd every tide were by some extraordinary violence of the Waves so washed off that there appeared stocks of Trees doubtless in their native places for they retain'd manifest signs of the stroaks of the ax at the falling of them The Sands being washed off in the winter these Buts remain'd to be seen all the summer following but the next year the same were cover'd again with the Sands By this it appeareth that the Sea in that place hath intruded upon the
the Portraicture of a Layman with an Hawk or Eagle perch'd on his Arm. Over his Head are the foremention'd ruins of the Lord Howard's Inscription Next to these the Picture of some Apostle Saint or other Holy man in a sacerdotal habit with a Glory round his Head On the top stands the Effigies of the B. V. with the Babe in her Arms and both their Heads encircled with Glories as before On the North we have a great deal of Chequer-work subscribed with the following Characters fairly legible Upon the first sight of these Letters I greedily ventured to read them Rynburu and was wonderfully pleased to fancy that this word thus singly written must necessarily betoken the final extirpation and burial of the Magical Runae in these parts reasonably hoped for upon the conversion of the Danes to the Christian Faith for that the Danes were anciently as well as some of the Laplanders at present gross Idolaters and Sorcerers is beyond Controversie and I could not but remember that all our Historians tell us that they brought their Paganism along with them into this Kingdom And therefore 't was not very difficult to imagine that they might for some time practise their Hocus tricks here in the North where they were most numerous and least disturbed This conceit was the more heightened by reflecting upon the natural superstition of our borderers at this day who are much better acquainted with and do more firmly believe their old Legendary Stories of Fairies and Witches than the Articles of their Creed And to convince me yet further that they are not utter strangers to the Black Arts of their forefathers I accidentally met with a Gentleman in the neighbourhood who shew'd me a Book of Spells and Magical Receipts taken two or three days before in the Pocket of one of our Moss-Troopers wherein among many other conjuring feats was prescrib'd a certain Remedy for an Ague by applying a few barbarous characters to the Body of the party distemper'd These methought were very near akin to Wormius's RAMRUNER which he says differ'd wholly in figure and shape from the common Runae For though he tells us that these Ramruner were so called Eo quod molestias dolores morbosque hisce infligere inimicis soliti sint Magi yet his great friend Arng. Jonas more to our purpose says That His etiam usi sunt ad benefaciendum juvandum medicandum tam animi quam Corporis morbis atque ad ipsos Cacodaemones pellendos fugandos I shall not trouble you with a draught of this Spell because I have not yet had an opportunity of learning whether it may not be an ordinary one and to be met with among others of the same nature in Paracelsus or Cornelius Agrippa On the East we have nothing but a few Flourishes Draughts of Birds Grapes and other Fruits all which I take to be no more than the Statuary's Fancy On the South flourishes and conceits as before and towards the bottom the following decay'd Inscription The Defects in this short piece are sufficient to discourage me from attempting to expound it But possibly it may be read thus Gag Ubbo Erlat i.e. Latrones Ubbo Vicit I confess this has no affinity at least being thus interpreted with the foregoing Inscription but may well enough suit with the manners of both ancient and modern Inhabitants of this Town and Country Upon your pardon and correction Sir of the impertinencies and mistakes in this which I shall humbly hope for I shall trouble you with my further Observations on the Font at Bridekirk and to all your other Commands shall pay that ready obedience which becomes Sir Your most obliged and Faithful Servant Will. Nicolson The second was dug up at Cambeck in the ruins of an old stone-wall and is of this form This third is imperfect and in what place it was found I cannot positively say DEO COCIDI COH I. AEL A VS w At Brampton Bramptoâ— there is an Hospital for six poor men and as many poor women with allowance for a Chaplain lately founded and endow'd by the Right Honourable Elizabeth Countess Dowager of Carlisle mother to the present Earl of Carlisle x Upon the river Irthing lyes Naworth-Castle Naworth now in the possession of the Right Honourable Charles Howard Earl of Carlisle great grandson to that Lord William mention'd by our Author who has repair'd the Castle and made it fit for the reception of a Family Here is a Library formerly well furnish'd with Books and there are still * Caâ—â— Lib. Mâ—â— Oxen. many Manuscripts of value relating chiefly to Heraldry and English History In the Hall are the Pictures of all the Kings of England down from the Saxon times which were brought from Kirk-Oswald-Castle when that was demolish'd about 100 years ago In the garden-wall are a great many stones with Roman Inscriptions which were collected and placed there by some of the Family Some of them are not legible others are On one is IVL. AVG. DVO .. M SILV .. VM On another I. O. M .... II. AEL DAC .. C. P ... EST RELIVS FA. L. S. TRIB PET. VO COS. On another LEG II. AVG. On another COH I. AEL DAC CORD .. ALEC PER .... With some others which are plainly the same with those Mr. Camden has copied out and which in all likelihood were brought hither from Willyford y Not far from Lanercost is a medicinal spring which issues out of a rock the water is impregnated with Sulphur Nitre and Vitriol and is said to be very good for the Spleen the Stone and all Cutaneous distempers In the summer time it is much frequented both by the Scotch and English z What our Author has told us in relation to the Lords of Gillesland seems to be a mistake For first Ranulph and Radulph are the same name and Ranulph de Mechinis is call'd indifferently by these two Chron. Cumbâ— Dugd. â— vol. 1. pâ— Id. Bar. â— p. 525. Then Ranulph de Micenis who was Lord of Cumberland by Grant from the Conqueror was the very same who was afterwards Earl of Chester by descent after the death of his Cousin-german Richard second Earl of Chester who was son to John Bohun and Margaret his wife sister to Hugh Lupus first Earl of Chester Again William de Micenis brother to Randolph de Micenis was Lord of Coupland but not of Gillesland for upon Randolph's resignation of the County of Cumberland into the hands of King Henry 1. Randolph had given Gillesland to Hubert de Vallibus which Grant the King confirm'd to him and his Successors enjoy'd it The Right Honourable Charles Howard present Earl of Carlisle and Lord of Gillesland claims descent from him by the mother's side according to the pedigree of the Family which is to be seen in his Chapel at Naworth-Castle Continuation of the EARLS Francis the last Earl mention'd by our Author dying in the year of our Lord 1641. was succeeded by his only son
to the enemy they marched on as far as Armagh whereby the Earl was obliged to leave the fort of Blackwater burn all the villages round about the town of Dungannon nay demolish great part of his own house there and reflect upon his own misery and how he could abscond But our Army could proceed no farther for want of Provision and so returned after they had proclaimed the Earl Traitor in his own territories and put a Garison into the Church of Armagh The Earl took care to watch them diligently in their return yet notwithstanding they reinforced the Garison at Monaghan When they had marched near as far as Dundalk the Lord Deputy according to the Queen's orders left the war to the conduct of Norris and after they had took their leave with great compliments on both sides returned to Dublin where he took great care of the Counties of Leinster Conaght and Munster Norris remained in Ulster but whether out of envy to the Lord Deputy or that fortune had now left him as it often does great men or whether out of favour to the Earl to whom he was certainly as kind as the Lord Deputy was averse he atchieved nothing answerable to the greatness of his Character For Norris had under hand accused the Lord Deputy that out of ill will to the Earl he had resolved to make no peace with him for the Deputy would not be perswaded but that the Earl's design was only to gain time till his recruits from Spain might arrive whereas Norris was more easie and credulous and thought it no hard matter to induce the Earl to a peace wh ch opinion the Earl cherished so cunningly in him that he offer'd him his submission under his hand and seal and fell upon his knees before him for his mercy and pardon Yet at the same time he was plying the K. of Spain both by his letters and agents for his assistance so that one or two messengers arrived from Spain to the Rebels who concluded with them that if the King of Spain their master would send them such an Army as could cope with the English by such a set time they would joyn it and that in case he supplied them with ammunition in the mean time they would not treat with the English upon any terms whatsoever This treaty was subscâ—ibed by O-Rorck Mac-William and others but the Earl was so cautious he would not sign it though it is not doubted but he gave his consent However to disguise his designs he sent the Lord Deputy the King of Spain's answer to the Rebels hereupon which was full of great promises of what he would do for them as if he detested it yet relying upon the hopes of those Spanish recruits therein promised he recanted the submission he had made to Norris but a little before and broke loose from the promise he had given him Norris finding himself deluded thus by his credulity fell upon him with an angry and sharp expostulation for putting shams upon him after this manner But the Earl knowing still how to temporize for his advantage enter'd into another Parley with Norris and Fenton his Secretary and having given Hostages concluded another Peace or rather a bargain which soon after he broke with the same levity pretending he could not but think he was deceitfully dealt with because the Lord Deputy and the General varied with one another in their proceedings that the Lord Deputy had treated those he had sent to him about the peace with contempt and scorn that the Lord Deputy was wholly for the war had recruited his horse from England and detained the King of Spain's letters aforesaid and that the Marshal his bitter enemy was now returned with a new commission from England Upon this he began immediately to waste the adjacent country to burn the villages and drive away the cattle he could meet with but being touched with the sense of this wickedness and hearing that a peace was concluding between England and Spain he sent again to desire a parley and that terms of peace might be allowed him 'T is impossible to lay open all the folds and windings of his dissimulation But in short when ever he found himself in danger he acted a sincere submission and penitence so well both in his carriage countenance and address that he deluded them till they lost their opportunity and were obliged to withdraw their forces Again such was the slothfulness of the Commanders in Ireland the frugality of the Council in England and the innate clemency of the Queen who was loath these flames in Ireland for it could not be called a war should be quenched with blood that he was always believed and hopes of a pardon were given him to soften his obstinacy In the year 1597. by which time all Ulster beyond Dundalk except the seven Garison Towns viz. Newry Knoc-Fergus Carlingford Green castle Armagh Dondrom and Olderfleet as also all Conaght in a manner had revolted from the Queen Thomas Lord Burough Baron Burough Lord Deputy a person of compleat courage and conduct was sent Lord Deputy into Ireland The Earl by letters desired a cessation of arms and his Lordship thought it his interest to allow it for one month The month being expired the Lord Deputy drew his forces together and what was both for his advantage and honour at his entry upon this office he marched them in Battalia against the Earl and though the Earl gave him an ill welcome in a narrow passage 28 Within the space of the Moiry yet he made his way through by his valour and took the Fort at Blackwater which had been repaired by the Rebels open'd a passage into the County of Tir-Oen and was the only fence the Rebels had besides their woods and marshes to secure them This one action sufficiently shewed that if the war was well followed it could not continue long The very day that the Fort was taken as the Lord Deputy and his Army were giving God thanks for their success an allarm was given on the sudden that the enemy appeared upon the hills hard by so Henry Earl of Kildare with a troop of horse and some volunteers of the Nobility were detach'd against them who accordingly fell upon the enemy and put them to flight Yet we lost in this skirmish Francis Vaughan brother to the Lord Deputy's Lady R. Turner Serjeant Major an experienced Soldier and two foster brothers of the Earl of Kildare which so much troubled him that he died of grief some few days after for there 's no love so strong in any degree of relation as that between foster brothers in Ireland There were also many more of the English wounded among the rest 29 Sir Thomas Thomas Waller particularly eminent for his great valour As soon as the Lord Deputy had strengthen'd the Fort with new works and drawn off his Army the Rebels who began now to fluctuate between hope fear and shame resolved to lay siege
family of Man soon did by force of arms For having raised a body of English he drove the Scots out of the Isle with these raw soldiers But having plunged himself into debt by the great expence of this war and become insolvent he was was forced to mortgage the Island to Anthony Bec Bishop of Durham and Patriarch of Jerusalem and make over all the profits thereof to him for seven years and quickly after the King gave the Island to the said Anthony for term of life Afterwards King Edw. 2. gave it to his great favourite Peter de Gaveston having made him Earl of Cornwall at the same time He being cut off the King gave it to Henry Beaumont with all the demesn and royal jurisdiction thereunto belonging Soon after this the Scots recovered it again under the conduct of Robert Brus and from that time Thomas Randolph a warlike Scot as also a long time after Alexander Duke of Albany stiled themselves Lords of Man The Arms of the Kings of Man and bore the same Arms that the later Kings of the Island did namely three arm'd legs of a man link'd together and bending in the hams just like the three legs naked which were formerly stamp'd in the coins of Sicily to signifie the three Promontories The old Coat of Arms of Sâ—cily But yet the ancient Arms of the Kings of Man was a * Vâ—lo complicatâ— Ship with the sail hoised with this inscription Rex Manniae Insularum The King of Man and of the Islands as I have seen in the sails they used Afterwards about the year 1340 William Montacute the younger Earl of Salisbury rescued it by force of arms from the Scots and in the year of our Lord 1393 sold Man and the Crown thereof to William Scrope for a great sum of money as Walsingham tells us Scrope being beheaded afterwards and his goods confiscated for treason it fell into Henry the 4th's hands who bestowed it upon Henry Percy Earl of Northumberland then triumphing over William Scrope having himself though only a private person taken and beheaded him for aspiring to the Crown upon this condition That he and his posterity at the Coronation of the Kings of Kings of England should carry the Sword before him which the said Henry wore by his side at his Restoration or return from Exile commonly called Lancaster sword But take the King 's own words as they stand in the Record We of our special grace An. 1. H. 9. Rot. 2. bundle 2. have gâ—ven and granted to Henry Earl of Northumberland the Isle Castle Pile and Lordship of Man with all such Islands and seigniories thereunto belonging as were Sir William Le Scoâ—p 's Kt. now deceased whom in his life we conquered and do declare to be conquered and which by reason of this our conquest fell to us Which very Conquest and Decree as touching the person of the said William and all the lands tâ—nements goods and chattels as well within as without the Kingdom belonging to him are now at the petition of the Communs of our Kingdom and by the consent of the Lords Temporal now assembled in Parliament ratified and confirmed to have and to hold to the said Earl and his heirs c. by service of carrying at every coronation-day of us and our heirs at the lift shoulder of us and our heirs either by himself in person or â—y some sufficient and honourable deputy that sword naked which we wore when we arrived at Hâ—lderness called Luncaster-sword c. However this Henry Percy was banished four years after Annals of Thom. Otterborn an 7. H. 4. and though it was not long before his attainder was took of yet he was deprived of Man which was given first to William Stanley and after that to John Stanley together with the advowson of the Bishoprick c. whose posterity have been honoured with the title of Earls of Derby and commonly called Kings of Man Additions to the ISLE of MAN The Division of the Land THE extent and situation of this Island of Man and the different names under which it is mentioned by the Ancients are faithfully related by Mr. Camden which I shall not here repeat The Island is divided into seventeen parts which are distinguished not by the name of Shires or Counties but of Kirks and are called The seventeen Parish Churches every Church or Parish bearing the additional name of the Saint to whom the Parish-Church or Chapel in old time was dedicated Their names are Kirk Christ of Rushin Kirk Harbery Kirk Melue Kirk Santon Kirk Bradon Kirk Marcom Kirk Concan Kirk Connon Kirk Maughald Kirk Christ of Ayre Kirke Bride Kirk Andrew Jorby or St. Patrick of Jorby Ballough Kirk Michael Kirk Jerman Kirk Patrick of Peel These seventeen Kirks or Parishâ—s are divided into six parts which in the Manks language are called Sheedings every Sheeding comprehending three Kirks or Parishes except one which has only two There are three small Islands which belong to the Isle of Man the biggest of which is called the Calf of Man Calf of Man and lies on the south side thereof pointing westward It is well stored with a fort of sea fowl called Puffins which are of a very unctuous Constitution They breed in the Coney-holes the Coneys leaving their Burrows for that time and are never seen with their young but either very early in the morning or late in the evening nourishing as is conceived their young with oyl which drawn from their own constitution is dropped into their mouths For being open there is found in their crops no other sustenance but a single sorrel leaf which the old give their young for digestion's sake as is conjectured The flesh of these birds is nothing pleasant being of a rank fish-like taste but pickled or salted they may be ranked with Anchâ—vies Caviare or the like They are profitable in their feathers and oyl of which the Inhabitants make great use about theiâ— wooll They have likewise another sort of sowl in this â—ites Island which the Inhabitants call Barnacles commonly said to be the same with the Soland-geese of Scotland but really the Soland-geese in that Kingdom have no affinity to Barnacles being quite of another kind The other little Isle is called St. Michaels Island and lies in the south-east part of Man The third is Peel Island situated on the west side of Man which tho' it be the least yet is it of greatest consequence because of a castle therein The danger of the â—oast for Ships The Island is not only environed with huge rocks round about but likewise at the mouth of every Haven there are a great many rocky stones pointed like a pyramide above water besides a great many rugged stones that lie undiscovered under water So that it is dangerous to enter any of the Havens of this Island without the assistance and conduct of some of the Native Mariners The Haven of Douglass is reckoned the best
and his Sister Isabel de Albeny Countess of Arundel Isabel the second Sister was married to Gilbert Clare Earl of Glocester she had Richard de Clare Earl of Glocester and the Lady Anise Countess of * Perhaps â—evonia Averna â—â—â—e uxoris who was Mother of Isabel the †Mother of the Lord Robert Brus Earl of Carrick in Scotland afterwards King of that Nation â—is place 〈◊〉 corrupâ—â—d From Eva Brus the third Sister descended Maud the Mother of the Lord Edmund Mortimer Mother of the Lady Eva de Cauntelow Mother of the Lady Milsoud de Mohun who was Moâ—â—er to Dame Eleanor Mother to the Earl of Hereford Joan â—arshall the fourth Sister was married to the Lord Guarin of Mount â—hinsey and had Issue Joan de Valens Sybil Countess of Ferâ—â—s the fifth Sister had Issue seven Daughters the eldest call'd â—â—gnes Vescie Mother of the Lord John and the Lord William Vesâ—â—e the second Isabel Basset the third Joan Bohun Wife to the â—ord John Mohun Son of the Lord Reginald the fourth Sibyl â—ohun Wife to the Lord Francis Bohun Lord of Midhurst the fifth Eleanor Vaus Wife to the Earl of Winchester the sixth * Agatha Agas Mortimer Wife to the Lord Hugh Mortimer â—â—e seventh Maud Kyme Lady of Karbry These are all both â—ales and Females the Posterity of the said William Earl Marshal MCCXX. The Translation of S. Thomas of Canterbury The â—â—me year died the Lord Meiler Fitz-Henry founder of Connal â—nd was buried in the Chapter-House of the said Foundation MCCXXIV The Castle of Bedford was besieg'd and the Castle â—f Trim in Ireland MCCXXV Died Roger Pippard and in the year MCCXXVIII â—â—ed William Pippard formerly Lord of the Salmon-leap This â—ear died likewise Henry Londres alias Scorch-Villeyn Archbishop â—f Dublin and was buried in Trinity-church there MCCXXX Henry King of England gave Hubert Burk â—â—e Justiceship and the Third Penny of Kent and â—ade him also Earl of Kent Afterward the same Hubert was â—â—prison'd and great Troubles arose between the King and his â—â—bjects because he adher'd to Strangers more than to his own naâ—â—ral Subjects MCCXXXI William Mareschall the younger Earl Marshal and â—arl of Pembrock departed this life and was buried in the Quire â—f the Friers Predicants in Kilkenny MCCXXXIV Richard Earl Mareschall Earl of Pembrock and â—rogull was wounded in a Battel in the Plain of Kildare on the â—â—st day before the Ides of April and some few days after died in Kilkeny and there was buried hard by his * Girmanum natural Brother viz. William in the Quire of the Friers Predicants Of whom this was written Cujus sub fossa Kilkennia continet ossa MCCXL Walter Lacy Lord of Meth died this year in Engâ—â—nd leaving two Daughters to inherit his Estate of whom the â—â—rst was married to Sir Theobald Verdon and the second to Gefâ—ery de Genevile MCCXLIII This year died Hugh Lacy Earl of Ulster and â—as buried in Cragsergus in the Convent of the Friers Minors â—eaving a Daughter who was married to Walter Burk Earl of Ulster The same year died Lord Gerald Fitz-Maurice and Lord â—ichard de Burgo MCCXLVI An Earthquake about nine of the Clock over all â—he West MCCXLVIII Sir John Fitz-Geffery came Lord Justiciary into â—reland MCCL. Lewis King of France and William Long-Espee were â—aken Prisoners with many others by the Saracens In Ireland Maccanewey a Son of Belial was slain in Leys as he deserv'd In the year MCCLI. The Lord Henry Lacy was born Upon Christmas-day likewise Alexander King of Scots in the 11th year of his Age was then contracted with Margaret the daughter of the King of England at York MCCLV Alan de la Zouch was made and came Justiciary into Ireland MCCLVII This year died the Lord Maurice Fitz-Gerald MCCLIX Stephen Long-Espee came Justiciary into Ireland The green Castle in Ulster was demolish'd William Dene was made Justiciary of Ireland MCCLXI The Lord John Fitz-Thomas and the Lord Maurice his Son were slain in Desmond by Mac Karthy Item William Dene Justiciary dy'd and Sir Richard Capel put in his room the same year MCCLXII Richard Clare Earl of Glocester died this year as also Martin de Maundevile on the morrow of S. Bennet's day MCCLXIV Maurice Fitz-Gerald and Maurice Fitz-Maurice took Prisoners Richard Capel the Lord Theobald Botiller and the Lord John Cogan at Tristel-Dermot MCCLXVII David de Barry was made Justiciary of Ireland MCCLXVIII Comin Maurice Fitz-Maurice was drown'd The Lord Robert Ufford was made Justiciary of Ireland MCCLXIX The Castle of Roscoman was begun this year Richard of Exeter was made Justiciary MCCLXX The Lord James de Audley came Justiciary into Ireland MCCLXXI Henry the son of the King of Almain was slain in the Court of Rome Plague Famine and Sword rag'd this year particularly in Meth. Nicholas de Verdon and his Brother John were slain Walter de Burgo Earl of Ulster died MCCLXXII The Lord James Audley Justiciary of England was kill'd by a fall from his Horse in Tothomon and was succeeded in this Office by the Lord Maurice Fitz-Maurice MCCLXXIII The Lord Geffery Genevile return'd from the Holy Land and was made Justiciary of Ireland MCCLXXIV Edward the son of King Henry was anointed and crown'd King of England by Robert Kilwarby a Frier-Predicant Archbishop of Canterbury upon S. Magnus the Martyr's day in the Church of Westminster in the presence of all the Nobility and Gentry His Protestation and Oath was in this form I Edward son and heir of King Henry do profess protest and promise before God and his holy Angels from this time forward to maintain without partiality the Law Justice and Peace of the Church of God and the People subject unto me so far as we can devise by the counsel of our liege and legal Ministers as also to exhibit due and canonical Honour to the Bishops of God's Church to preserve unto them inviolably whatsoever has been granted by former Emperors and Kings to the Church of God and to pay due Honour to the Abbots and the Lord's Ministers according to the advice of our Lieges c. so help me God and the holy Gospels of the Lord. This year died the Lord John Verdon and the Lord Thomas de Clare came into Ireland And William Fitz-Roger Prior of the Hospitallers was taken Prisoner at Glyndelory with many others and more slain MCCLXXV The Castle of Roscoman was built again The same year Modagh was taken Prisoner at Norragh by Sir Walter le Faunte MCCLXXVI Robert Ufford was made Justiciary of Ireland upon the surrender of Geffery de Genevill MCCLXXVII O Brene slain MCCLXXVIII The Lord David Barry died this year as also the Lord John Cogan MCCLXXIX The Lord Robert d'Ufford went into England and appointed Frier Robert de Fulborne Bishop of Waterford to supply his place In whose time the Mony was chang'd A Round Table was also held at Kenylworth by Roger Lord Mortimer MCCLXXX Robert d'Ufford return'd from England
57â— 572. Leighton 289 291 424 428 448 487 987. Leightons 544 655. Leike 534. Leir King 446. Leir riv 445. Leinster 986. Leith 222. LELANONIUS 917. LEMANIS 218. Lemington 240. Lemster 577. Lew what 399. Len or Lynne 392. Lennox 917. Dukes of 919. Lodowick Duke of 768. Lenham 192. Lenn 398. Lennard Samps 175. Lenos Charles 768. Lenthal Sir Rowl 161. Rowland 577. Lenton 478 487 488. Leod what 131. Leof 238. Leofgar 576. Leofrick 31 449 505 510 514. Leofstan 277 301 302 449. Leofwin 211 341 480. Leogria clxiii Leolin Prince of Wales 238. S. Leonards-forest 179. Leonard Tho. 83. Leonel Duke of Clarence 51 370. LEONIS CASTRUM 681. Monasterium 577. Leonminster see Lemster Leons or Lion 937. Leon in Spain 558. Leon Vaur 558. S. Leonard 's Forest 169. Lepers 778. Leprosy 448. Leskerd 8 19. Lesley 948. Lesleys 928 943. Lestoffe 376. Lestormin 8. Lestrange Hamon 393. Eubulo 473 474. John 544 548 239 256 309 391. Lestranges 548 549 550. Lestuthiel 8. Leth 899. Lethowsow 1110. Letrim 1005. Lettidur 286. LEUCARUM 614. Leucopibia 910. LEVATRAE 807. Levels 725. Level-tax 181. Leventhorps 295. S. Leven 20. Leven 833. Levens 805 810. Levin riv 917 927 949. Levingston 900 905. Levinus 10. Lewellin 556. Lewes 173 182. Lewes Isl 1072. Robert 319. Lewis Dauphin 201 202 205 474. Thomas 481 487. John 636. Sir John 729. a Welch family 284. Lewkenors 172. Lewkneys 179. Lexinton 483 486. Ley riv 339. Ley and Leigh 104. Leys 112. Leyburn 809. Leyden cxxv Leymouth 340. Leyton 340 355. stone 355. Lhan 595 603 654. Lhan Babo 678. Badarn Owen 661. Dhewi Brevi 641 644. Dhinam 653. Dien 330. Badarn Vawr 642. Eeblic 665. Eedr 641. Eery 667. Boydy 625 628. Bren 627. Deilaw Vawr 627. yn Dhyvri 621. Drinio Common 587. Edern 645. Elian 675. Elwy 687. Enion Vrenin 691. Gadok 620. Goedmor 645 677. Gristiolis 677. Gwert 681. Gyvelach 619. Hamwlch 593. Heron 10. Idan 375. Idlos 650. Iltud Vawr 618. Isav 645. y Krwys 647. Lyeni 593. Newydh 626 Rhudh 680 Rhwydrus 677. Rwst 685. S. Aered 594. Stephan-castle 623. Vaes 675 676. Vair 678 Vair y Bryn 637. Vair is Gaea 6â—5 Vair yng Hornwy 674. Viangel 686. Vihangel Geneur glyn 647. Vihangel Gerwerth 627 Vihangel Tat y Lhyn 593. Uw Lhyn 663. Vylhin 651 654. Wennog 678. Yken 366. Lhavan what 641. Lhech what 620. yr Ast 645 677. Lhecheu what 619. Lhech y Gowres 647. Lhe Herbert 656. Lhewelin aur Dorchog 659. ap Sâ—tsylht 685. ap Jorwerth 685. ap Gruffydh 585 586 592 635 666 685. Lheweny riv 590. Lhoegrig 671. Lhong what 311. Lhongporth 311. Lhoyd Pierce 677. John 685. Lhug 587. Lhwn 311. Lhwyn 392 399 645. Lhwyven 624. Lhygwy 677. Lhyn 468. Lhyn-Promont 664. Lhyn yr Avanck 645. y Dymarchen 669. Eigian 669. Lhan Lhwch 892. Lhydaw 665. Lhyngklys 592. Peris â—65 669. Savadhan 590 592 626. Feirn 669. Teivi 641. Lhyr King 677. Lhysvaen 678. LIBNIUS fluv 994. Lichfield 532 c. Licinus 784. S. Licius Simon de 474. Leckey-hill 518. Lid 834 408. riv 25 Town in Kent 211. Lidbury 578 581. Liddesdale 905. Lidford 25 38. Lidgate 369. John 370. Lidston 25. Leesnes-abbey 189. Liffer riv 1019. Liffy riv 993. LIGA 1110. LIGON 1110. Ligons 520. Lilborne 432 439. Lilleshull-abbey 545. Lillingstons 281. Lime Riv. and Town 43 51. Lime in Kent 209 210 223. Lime-stone 711 714. Limerick 983. Liming 199. LIMNI 1050. Limoges 709. Limsey Ralph 294 295. Rob. de 505 533. Lin riv 481. Lincoln 467 c. Rob. de 47 48. Henr. Bishop of 263. Oliver Bishop of 272. Alexander Bishop of 256 263 269 465 469 484. Edward Earl of 155. John Earl of 265 266 377 483. De Lincolnia a family 54. Lindaw 468. Linde T. de la 47. Linham 725. Lindisfarne 772 776 778 1103. Lindley 452. Lindsey 464 467 477. Earls of 478 479. Lindseies a family 915 923 938 943. Lords of Wolverly 505. Lindum a City of Rhodes 311. LINDUM 467 468 488. in Scotland 900. Lingens 655. LINGONES 501 713 731. Linstock 832. Linlithquo 468 900. Linternum 468. LISIA 1110. Lismor 981. Lithancraces 847. Lionesse 5 20. Liquorice 485 712 715. Liskeard 119. Lisles or de Insula 131 132 139 407 411 412. L'isle de Dieu 1114. de Rey 1115. Lismehago 923. Lisours Albreda 712. a fam 712. Listers 544. Litherpool or Lirpool 790. Lith-hill 164. Littleburies 565. Littleborrough 480 484. Little-chester 491 497. Little-cot 99. Littleton Tho. 517 518. Littleton Paynel 104. Littletons 518. Littons 294. LITTUS ALTUM 497. Lley 275. Llawn 328. Llhawn 311. Liver riv 10. Liulphus 778. Lixnaw Barons of 977. The Lizard 7. S. Liz Simon de 423 433 440 474. S. Lizes 421 425 440. Vid. de S. Licio Load-stones 28. Local Genius's 709. Lochor-river 613. Locusts 661. Lode-works 2. Loder 808. Lodge-lane 495. Lodge on the Wold 447. Loghor 614. Loghor-river ibid. LOGIâ— fluv 1019 1020. Lollham-bridges 435. Lollius Urbicus lxviii Lon fl 795 811. LONCASHIRE 795 c. Londey-Island 1049. LONDON 310 c. Maurice Bishop of 314 329 346 357. William Bishop of 357. Richard Bishop of 351. Maurice of 921. Londons a family 611 621. London's Monast 929. Longar-river 914. Longchamps 46. Longditch 435. Longdon 517. Long Espee 797. Longford 491. Longford-County 1000. Longleat 89 105. LONGOVICUM 778. Longspees E. of Salisb. 93. Longstone 23. Longton Walter de 538. Longvilles 281 282. LONGUS fluv 947. Long-witenham-hill 275. Lonsdale 806. Loo riv and Town 9. Loopole-lake 7. Loose 192. Lophamford 375. Lora Wife of William Marmion 196 Count. of Leicester 200. Lords clxxvi Lorges 914. Lorn a Fam. 930 934 952. Loseley 154. Losse riv 943. Lostwithiel 19. Lothbroc 397. Lovaine Lords of 345. LOVANTIUM 626 645. Lovebone 23. Loudhams 494. Lovel Will. 61. Francis Vic. 253. Thomas 325. John Lord 467. Lovels 253 263 266 385 429 437 542 543. LOVENTIUM 590 592. LOVENTIUM DIRMETARUM 624 626 645. Lovetoft Eust 421. Lovetofts 425 485 706. Lovets a Fam. 424 491. Lovet-castle 946. Lough-Aber 923 945. Argick 801. Regirgh 999. Corbes 1001. Mesk 1004 Eagh 1013 1019. Ern 1009. Fort 1019. Longus 947. Aw 952. Bruin bay 956. Cure 907. Ediff 952. Fin 931 952. Kinkeran 933. Keave ibid. Lomund 917. Lathea 944. Lothy 945. Nesse 944 956. Maban 907. Rian 911. Louth 471. Louth County 1007. Lowlanders clxiv Lowther Sir J. 817 841. LOXA fluv 943. LUCENI 978. Lucia Grand-daughter of E. Leofrick 505 506. Lucullus 165. Lucy Godfrey 11â— Richard 189 34â— 369 445. Lucy Daughter of John Nevil 156. Miles Earl of Hereford 590. Wife of Marmaduke de Thwenge 752. Lucys a Family 502. Lud riv 471. K. Luddus 310 312. Ludham 390. Ludlow 541. Ludlows a Fam. 545. Ludwall 655. Luffeld a Fam. 281. Luffenham-South 455 456 Lug riv 576. LUGVBALLIA 772. Lullingston 190. E. Lullington 539. Lumley John Baron of â—8 171. Rich. Earl of Scarborough 765. Barons of 752. Lumleys 778 859. Lundenwic 222. Lupanaria 322. Lupel 253. Lupicinus lxxix 201. Lupus Hugh 564 565 567