altogether like the Pharisee that prayed in the Temple but really often would he mourn in secret and many times did his eyes in publike distil tears at the Nations stubbornness To take him in the whole he was a Man better fitted to make a Prince of then the People was to receive him this we see sufficiently in the management of the Government to his Death But afterwards the sudden disaster which befel his Posterity was so admirable that it cannot be imputed to any thing else but Digitus Dei A Catalogue of Honours conferr'd on several Persons by Oliver Cromwel Lord Protector in the time of his Government His Privie Council HEnry Lawrence Lord President Lieut. Gen. Fleetwood Major Gen. Lambert Philip Lord Lisle Nathaniel Fiennes Commissioner of the Great Seal John Desbrow Edward Mountague Generals at Sea Sir Gilbert Pickering Sir Charls Woolsley Col. William Sydenham Edmund Earl of Mulgrave Walter Strickland Esquire Philip Skippon Major Gen. Col. Philip Jones Richard Major Esquire Francis Rouse Esquire John Thurloe Secretary of State The Members of the other House alias House of Lords 1. LOrd Richard Cromwel 2. Lord Henry Cromwel Deputy of Ireland 3. Nathaniel Fiennes 4. John Lisle Commissioners of the Great Seal 5. Henry Lawrence President of the Privie Council 6. Charls Fleetwood Lieut. Gen. of the Armie 7. Robert Earl of Warwick 8. Edmund Earl of Mulgrave 9. Edward Earl of Manchester 10. William Lord Viscount Say and Seal 11. Philip Lord Viscount Lisle 12. Charls Lord Viscount Howard 13. Philip Lord Wharton 14. Thomas Lord Faulconbridge 15. George Lord Euers 16. John Cleypole Esquire 17. John Desbrow 18. Edward Montague Generals at Sea 19. Bulstrode Whitlock 20. William Sydenham Commissioners of the Treasury 21. Sir Charls Wolsley 22. Sir Gilbert Pickering 23. Walter Strickland Esq 24. Philip Skippon Esq 25. Francis Rous Esq 26. John Jones Esquire 27. Sir William Strickland 28. John Fiennes Esquire 29. Sir Francis Russel 30. Sir Thomas Honywood 31. Sir Arthur Haslerigge 32. Sir John Hobart 33. Sir Richard Onslow 34. Sir Gilbert Gerrard 35. Sir William Roberts 36. John Glyn. 37. Oliver St-John Chief Justices of both Benches 38. William Pierrepoint Esquire 39. John Crew Esquire 40. Alexander Popham Esq 41. Philip Jones Esq 42. Sir Christopher Pack 43. Sir Robert Tichborn 44. Edward Whalley Com. Gen. 45. Sir John Barkstead Lieut. of the Tower 46. Sir Tho. Pride 47. Sir George Fleetwood 48. Sir John Huson 49. Richard Ingoldsby Esq 50. James Berry Esquire 51. William Goff Esq 52. Thomas Cooper Esq 53. Edmund Thomas Esq 54. George Monke Gen. in Scotland 55. David Earl of Cassils 56. Sir William Lockhart 57. Archibald Johnson of Wareston 58. William Steel Chancellor of Ireland 59. Roger. Lord Broghil 60. Sir Matthew Tomlinson 61. William Lenthal Master of the Rolls 62. Richard Hampden Esq Commissioners of the Great Seal and their Officers NAthaniel Fiennes John Lisle William Lenthal Master of the Rolls Officers attending HEnry Middleton Serjeant at Arms. Mr. Brown Mr. Dove Judges of both Benches John Glyn Lord Chief Justice Peter Warburton Richard Nudigate Justices of the upper Bench. Oliver St-John Lord Chief Justice and Edward Atkins Matthew Hale Hugh Windham Justices of the Common Bench. His Barons of the Exchequer RObert Nicholas John Parker and Roger Hill Serjeant at Law Erasmus Earl Atturney General Edmund Prideaux Sollicitor William Ellis Serjeants at Law called by him to the Barre RIchard Pepes 25 January 1653. Thomas Fletcher 25 January 1653. Matthew Hale 25 January 1653. William Steel 9 February 1653. John Maynard 9 February 1653. Richard Nudigate 9 February 1653. Thomas Twisdon 9 February 1653. Hugh Windham 9 February 1653. Unton Crook 21 of June 1654. John Parker 21 of June 1654. Roger Hill 28 of June 1655. William Shepard 25 October 1656. John Fountain 27 November 1656. Evan Scithe Viscounts CHarls Howard of Glisland in Cumberland created Baron Glisland and Lord Viscount Howard of Morpeth the 20th of July 1657. Baronets JOhn Read Esquire of Bocket Hall in Hertfordshire created Baronet the 25 of June 1656. John Cleypole Esquire created Baronet the 16th of July 1657. Thomas Chamberlayn of Wickham Esquire made a Baronet the 6th of October 1657. Thomas Beaumont of Staughton-Grange in Leicestershire Esq created March 5. 1657. John Twisleton Esq of Horsemans-Place in Datford in the County of Kent created Baronet of the same March 24. 1657. Henry Ingolds by Esq created 31 of March 1658. Henry Wright of Dagenhams in Essex Esq created Baronet March 31. 1658. Edmund Dunch Esquire of East-Wittenham in Berkshire created Baron of the same place April 26. 1658. Griffith Williams Esq of Carnarvon made a Baronet the 28 of May 1658. Knights when and where made SIr Thomas Viner Lord Mayor of London at Grocers-Hall Feb. 8. 1653. Sir John Copleston at White-Hall June 1. 1655. Sir John Reynolds at White-Hall June 11. 1655. Sir Christopher Pack Lord Mayor of London at White-Hall Septemb. 20. 1655. Sir Thomas Pride at White-Hall Jan. 17. 1655. Sir John Barkstead at White-Hall Jan. 19. 1655. Sir Richard Combe at White-Hall Aug. 1656. Sir John Dethick Lord Mayor of London at White-Hall Sept. 15. 1656. Sir George Fleetwood of Bucks Sir William Lockhart at White-Hall December 10. Sir James Calthrop of Suffolk Sir Robert Tichborn Lord Mayor of London and Sir Lislebone Long Recorder December 15. Sir James Whitlock at White-Hall January 6. Sir Thomas Dickeson of York March 3. 1656. Sir Richard Stainer at White-Hall June 11. 1657. Sir John Cleypole Baronet at White-Hall July 16. 1657. Sir William Wheeler at Hampton-Court Aug. 26. 1657. Sir Edward Ward of Norfolk at White-Hall Novemb. 2. Sir Thomas Andrews Alderman of London at White-Hall Novemb. 14. Sir Thomas Foot Alderman Sir Thomas Atkin Alderman Sir John Huson Colonel Decemb. 5. Sir Jaâ—… Drax at White-Hall Jan. 6. Sir Henry Pickering Sir Philip Twisleton White-Hall Feb. 1. Sir John Lenthal at White-Hall March 9. Sir John Ireton Alderman of London Sir Henry Jones at Hampton-Court July 17. 1658. Sic transit Gloria mundi FINIS
Souldier he vvas that vvould not be complemented out of his Garison nothing â—ut force must do the fear With him vvere about 3000 Horse and Foot most of them English Observing the Rules of War Cromwel sent them a Summons vvhich was slighted and looked upon rather as a formality then that he did believe to have the Town upon it This taking no effect the Lord-Governour orders all things for a quick dispatch of the Siege Aiscough's ships block them up by Sea on the Land the vvhite Flag vvas taken in and the Red Ensigne displayed before the Town to denounce blood and destruction vvithout a speedy rendition This did not much frighten the besieged vvho expected succour from Ormond and besides they vvere unanimous in this resolution To expire vvith the Town vvhich they did shortly after for now a strong Battery being planted it quickly levelled the Steeple of a Church so that it could not properly be called a Steeple-House on the South side the Town and a Tower by it The next day the Battery continuing after two or three hundred shot made the corner Tower between the East and South-wall vvas beaten down and two breaches made vvhich vvere quickly entred by Col. Husons Ewers and Castle 's Regiments of Foot the breaches being not wide enough to admit the Horse to enter vvith them Here the height of Valour vvas shewn on both sides they grappling vvith each other at the Swords point the Assailants fighting for the Town and the Defenders for their Lives vvhich indeed vvill make a coward fight though he fear to look upon the blows he gives the breaches vvere not more couragiously assaulted then valiantly defended the Enemy within gallantly charging those that entered driving them back again vvith more speed then they came in Cromwel all this vvhile standing at the Battery and perceiving his Mens retreat draws out a fresh reserve of Col. Ewers his Foot and in person enters vvith them once more into the Town The example of their General vvith the shame of the former repulse so animated the Souldiers that none vvere able to stand in their vvay and having now got sure footing in the Town they spare none but put all they met vvith to the Sword But though the town vvas thus vvon it vvas not vvholly subdued for Ashtons men desperately disputed every corner of the streets making the Assailants vvin vvhat they had by inches and at last the streets proving too hot they betook themselves to the Churches and Steeples and other places of shelter in St. Peters Church-steeple were got about one hundred vvho there resolved to sell their lives at as dear a rate as possibly they could but they vvere all soon blown up vvith Gun-powder onely one man escaped by leaping from the Tower the Wind being favourable to him he onely broke his leg by the fall which the Souldiers seeing took him up and gave him quarter In other places they were summoned to yeeld which they refusing presently strong Guards were put upon them to prevent their succour that so they might be starved out vvhich device vvas so effectual that it made them soon yeeld to the Conquerers Mercy vvhich vvas but small for all the Officers vvith the tenth man of the Souldiery vvere presently killed and the rest thrust on ship-board for Barbadoes The Governour had his share also making an end both of his Life and Government together This Town vvas the most considerable that ever Cromwel came before if we respect the stout resistance made by its Garison and how much the having of this place might conduce to the reducing of all Ireland and though the attempt was bloody Cromwel himself giving command not to spare any one that should be found in Arms yet Cruelty could not be laid to his charge for like a Politick State-Physitian he here opens one Vein to preserve the vvhole Body of the Nation from a lingering War and by this course likewise he vvrought such a terrour in the Enemy that ever after he made but short vvork of any Siege and in small time reduced the whole Nation The report of this great slaughter quickly flies away to Trim and Dundalk the two next Garisons which put them into such a pannick fear that they quitted the Towns in Trim their haste vvas so great that they left their great Guns behinde them on the Platforms Not long after this service vvas over the Lord-Governour knowing this stroak vvas as it vvere given upon the Lungs and that a sprightly prosecution would quickly beat the Enemy out of breath he resolves to make use of the present opportunity Now his quarters vvere so much enlarged by his good success Northwards to the end he may get Elbow-room on both sides of Dublin he marches the Army Westward to attacque Wexford In his March a place called Killingkerick about 14 miles from Dublin vvas quitted and a company of Cromwels Army put into it so likewise was Arcklo-Castle the seat of Ormonds Family Besides these many other places in their March submitted Octob. 1. the Army fac'd Wexford and required the Governor Col. David Synnot to make a speedy surrender thereof His answer was very doubtful as to his intentions which occasioned many papers to pass betwixt him and the Lord Cromwel This delay of the Governour was purposely used to protract time until the the Earl of Castle-haven had entered into the Town 500 Foot to strengthen the Garison The Governour having received these recruits resolves now to stand to it as long as he could seeming to contemn the Force that lay against him Near the South-East end of the Town is seated the Castle upon that Cromwel bends his greatest Force knowing that the gaining thereof would be the Towns reducement Which fell out to be true For many Peals of great shot were not plaid upon it but the Governors stomack fell down to a rendition The Souldiers being now possest of the Castle and shewing themselves from thence struck such a terrible Fear into them in the Town that they quitted the Walls which Cromwel's Souldiers perceiving in a trice they clapt to their scaling Ladders and stormed without any great resistance Being thus entered the Tovvn none vvas suffered to breath that vvas found in Arms and so cutting their vvay through the Streets they came to the Market-place where the Enemy as if the blood had returned to the heart now at the last gasp most manfully fought for some time This sharp encounter lasted not long before they were quite broken and all that were found in Arms put to the Sword The reducement of this place was of great consequence to the Conquerers being a Port-Town and very convenient to receive supplies from England From thence the Army march to Rosse a strong Town situate upon the Barrow and far more considerable for Navigation then Wexford the River admitting a Ship of seven or eight hundred Tun to ride by the Wall Of this place Major General Taaff was Governour who had
the Army to Carrick from thence to proceed upon farther Action Ormond Castle-haven and the Bishop of Clogher being now very sensible of the desperate condition their Affairs were reduced to had a meeting at Baltamore in Westmeath with the Gentlemen of that County to confer about some better way to support that cause which hitherto they had so poorly defended The chief heads of this Debate were 1. Whether they were able to raise such Forces as might be sufficient to fight the Lord Cromwel now they conceived his Men were much weakned by the Winter and taking in of so many Garisons Or 2. In case they were not able to fight then with all the Forces they could make to fall into the English quarters and there to burn and destroy what they could 3. If these two ways were not feisible then whether it were not most convenient for them all to joyn in some propositions of Pacification for the whole or every one for himself to make his particular Application This last was hearkned to by some but the chiefest of them knowing their own guilt thought it not likely for them to get good conditions now necessity compelled them to be Supplicants and therefore to mischief the English in their quarters was looked upon to be the safest way for them all to spin out time til they could get a fit opportunity to make an escape out of the Land The Lord Cromwel having well refresh'd his Army after the Siege of Kilkenny sits down before Clonmel another strong place Garison'd by 2000 Foot and sixscore Horse No sooner was the Leaguer planted but Col. Reynolds and Sir Theophilus Jones were sent with 2500 Horse Foot and Dragoons to be beforehand with Ormond Castlehaven and those with them that intended an irruption into the English Quarters but they shifting from place to place to avoid fighting Col. Reynolds to keep his men from idleness joyns his Forces with Col. Huson and with two great Guns and a Morter Piece besieged Trim. Another Party of 1400 Horse and Dragoons and 1200 Foot under the Lord Broghil were sent to fight the Bishop of Ross who with 5000 intended to relieve Clonmel The Bishops Mitre being metamorphosed into an Helmet he thought verily to scare the Lord Broghil vvith the strangeness of the sight being such a thing as he had never seen before a Bishop that should be the Shepherd of a Flock now to head an Army of VVolves but the Lord Broghil getting to them in little more time then one could say tvvo or three Creeds vvholly dissipates them killing upon the place betvveen 6 and 700 taking 20 Captains Lieutenants and other Officers and to bring up the Rear the Bishop himself vvas taken vvith the Standard of the Church of Munster The Lord Broghil having him novv in his power he carries him to a Castle defended by the Bishops Forces and there hangs him up before the walls in the sight of the Garison which wrought such terrour in them that they delivered up the Castle upon Articles These successes of Parties abroad did much encourage those that besieged Clonmel who now on all sides prepare to handle that Garison as before they had done other places And indeed the Lord General used more then ordinary industry in reducing this Town in regard he had been informed that its defendants were very unanimous and that they were choice men well armed and every way sufficiently provided to make a stout resistance and besides it was governed by an active Irish-man one Hugh Boy O Neal who had set all hands in the Town on work to cast up new Countre-scarps on the inside of the old walls and to do whatsoever else might serve for the defence of the place and had so travers'd the ground with Re-intrenchments that it seemed altogether impossible to gain it by Assault nothing but Hunger as was thought could reduce it to obedience but the active gallantry of the Lord Cromwel would not admit of that course he us'd not to stand dallying before a place as the Germans French and other Nations trifling out precious time and expending vast sums to little or no purpose and besides upon many weighty considerations this service required a quick dispatch chiefly in regard of his Expedition into England whither he had lately been sent for by the Parliament there to serve them in some other way He therefore without delay orders all things for a Storm intending to try whether that would not either drown the Enemy or cool their courage who were so hotly set upon the defence The Governour being summoned to a Rendition and returning no satisfactory Answer the great Guns were planted which were managed so well that they quickly opened a breach which breach upon a Signal given being couragiously entred by the Assailants they within were not wanting to entertain them with a manful resistance and to forbid their march any other way then over their own bodies but Cromwel's men who us'd not to be thus check'd in the career of their Successes notwithstanding the Enemies valorous obstinacie made good their ground and maintained a Fight for four hours together which proved so hazardous that the victory hovering betwixt both it was hard to say on which side it would light there being a great slaughter on both sides till at last the Lord Cromwel assisted by that good Providence which always attended him decided the controversie by forcing the Enemy to quit the place and betake themselves to flight wherein though they were very much favoured by certain hills near the Town yet could they not avoid the rage and fury of the victorious Souldiers who in pursuit paid them home in their own coyn Concerning this Fight I finde it thus written by an eminent Commander in the Army and an assistant in this encounter We found in Clonmel saith he the stoutest enemy that ever was found by our Army in Ireland and it is in my opinion and very many more that there was never seen so hot a storm of so long a continuance and so gallantly defended neither in England nor Ireland The Reduction of this place though at a hard hand inclined many more to yeeld which they did in a short time after without striking a stroke These Atchievements being obtained and care taken to secure what had been gotten the Lord General addresses himself to his journey for England having been in Ireland about ten months viz. from the middle of August 1649. to the next May following 1650. a time inconsiderable respect had to the work done therein which was more then ever could be done in ten years before by any King or Queen of England Queen Elizabeth indeed after a long and tedious War there at last drave out the Spaniards that came in to the assistance of the rebellious Natives but could never utterly extinguish the sparks of that Rebellion And not onely did the shortness of the time render the work admirable but the nature of the work it self it being
which he seeing called out and told him That if he had been one of his Souldiers he should have been cashier'd for firing at that distance But the truth is these daring actions in Generals savour more of valour then discretion Bullets distinguish not betwixt the meanest private Souldier and the most puissant General if he come in their way Hence it was that the people would not suffer David to go out in person 'T was upon an over-bold discovery of Popinham's strength that Gustavus Adolphus the Scourge of the Austrians was killed and with him the hopes of those great things expected from him The Head of an Army such is the General being once cut off the Body especially in an enemies Country must needs languish and pine away The Scots having done their business which it seems was onely to breathe their horses they returned back again to their Quarters Aug. 19. part of the English Army stormed Red-Hall and took it it being a Garison situate within a mile and a half of Edinburgh having about 80 Foot to defend it This was done in the sight of the Scots whole Army yet not a man stirred towards the relief of the place Aug. 26 the Scots sent to the Lord General desiring a Conference betwixt some of themselves and some Officers appointed by him Which being granted and a convenient place appointed the Lord Wariston Secretary of State Sir John Brown Colonel Straughan and Mr. Dowglas a Minister with certain others attended for that purpose The main business of their Meeting was to wipe off a pretended aspersion cast upon them and spread over both Armies intimating that they kept themselves in Trenches and holes not daring to fight And the better to clear themselves of these calumnies they let the English know That when opportunity served it should be seen that they wanted not courage to give them Battel The next morning the Scots as if they meant to be as good as their words which had they been they had cross'd a very ancient Proverb strike up for a march seeming either to bend their course for Sterling or as if they would in good earnest according to the purport of the Embassage they had sent the day before lest it should not be known fight the English No sooner are they on their march but the Lord General prepares to meet them thinking that although they had often dallied with him before yet now surely they would be serious and shew some fair play The common souldiers were possest with the like apprehensions being over-joy'd at the very thoughts of fighting and in order thereunto they presently take down their Tents lay aside their Knapsacks and disburthen themselves of every thing whatsoever that might be an impediment to their activity Being thus prepared the English approach the Scots Army verily intending to engage them but it seems they had no minde to come to it but rather to shelter themselves in some new lurking hole notwithstanding their late confident disclaiming of any such practice Accordingly when the English drew neer the Enemy they found a great Bog and a deep Ditch to make such a separation as for the present cut off all possibibility of conjunction with them and consequently of engaging them without running such hazards as were not necessary at that time The Lord General seeing he could not come at them in person sent a thundring message to them by the mouth of his Cannon All that night both the Armies continued in Arms and the next morning being the 28 of August the great Guns roared on both sides for about the space of an hour But the English Lord General seeing that this would do no good and knowing that it would but waste precious time to no purpose to stand pelting at an Enemy at that distance he therefore drew off from thence to try some other conclusion if by any means he might get the Enemy into a fair field where the business might be disputed on equal terms In order to which marching towards their former Quarters on Pencland hills no sooner were they there arrived but news came that the Scots were upon their march to possess Muscleborough and Preston-pans whereby to cut off provisions from the English Army The souldiers hearing this begin to bestir themselves and again taking down their Tents take up their Arms holding it to be high time so to do considering that now they must either fight or starve To prevent the Enemies designe the Lord General advanced that night with his whole Army towards Muscleborough it being very stormy tempestuous weather without any molestation from the Enemy Being there they are supply'd from the ships and many of them being infirm and diseased by reason of hard duty and unseasonable weather 500 were sent on board which yet did not clear the Army of those distempered ones The Enemy all this while dogging the English in the Rere watched all opportunities to distress them But the Lord General taking into consideration the sad condition of his Army occasioned by sickness and indisposition of body resolves to retreat with them to Dunhar and there by Garisoning it to lie securely for some time till they might recover strength and receive convenient recruits both of Horse and Foot from Berwick In pursuance of this resolution the Army Aug. 30. set forward toward Hadington And by that time the van-Brigade of Horse had taken up their quarters the Scots by a nimble march were fallen in the rere and put them into disorder But wanting courage to prosecute the advantage and withal a cloud overshadowing the Moon gave the English Horse an opportunity to inextricate themselves of that Labyrinth wherein they had like to have been entangled and to recover the main Body Being at Hadington in danger to be assaulted daily by the Enemy the Lord General caused a strict Watch to be kept to prevent the worst For the Scots were sufficiently sensible of the crazie condition of the Army and thought they had now an opportunitie to distress them they acting the Offensive part that and by degrees they should weary them out and at last utterly destroy them and to that end conceiving that now they had a more then ordinary advantage about midnight Aug. 30. they attempted the English quarters on the west-end of the Town But notwithstanding their confidence they were soon set further off The next day the Lord General draws out into the open Champaign on the South-side of the Town resolving notwithstanding the indisposition of body in his Army to venture all upon the event of a Battel But the Scots having no minde to that sport therefore after three hours tarriance in expectation of their coming all in vain the English prosecute their fore-intended march for Dunbar The Scots being re-inforced with the addition of three Regiments yet again came in the Rere of the English and seeing them lodg'd in Dunbar gathered upon the adjacent hills like a thick cloud menacing such a showre to the
and valiant the other to punish the cowardly and vitious It was not here as usually it hath been practised in forraign Armies as that of the Duke of Lorain where the first question to a new-listed Souldier was this Canst thou plunder or in some others where the Van by Rapine and destruction make Skeletons of the Rear While the Army lay thus incamped the Lord General in his Tent feasted his Officers and several of their Ladies as the Lady Lambert and Major General Deans Lady with several other English Gentlewomen who came from Leith to view the Souldiers in their Tents and afterwards returned back to the places from whence they came The Army continued not long in this posture for General Cromwel seeing the weather invited and intelligence of the Scots being at Falkirk requiring a speedy advance he therefore drew forth the Army to meet them which we shall muster in their March and set down the names of the particular Colonels with their Regiments both of Horse and Foot which were actual in this Expedition that so the remembrance of these worthy Commanders may be preserved The Regiments were these HORSE 1. The Lord General 's 2. Major General Lambert's 3. Lieut. General Fleetwood's 4. Com. Gen. Whalie's 5. Col. Tomlinson's 6. Col. Twisleton's 7. Col. Hacker's 8. Col. Okey's 9. Col. Lidcot's 10. Col. Berry's 11. Col. Grosvenor's 12. Col. Alured's 13. Col. Lilburn's 14. 6 Troops under Maj. Husbands FOOT 1. The Lord General 's 2. Major General Lambert's 3. Major General Dean's 4. Leiut General Monk's 5. Colonel Fairfax's 6. Colonel Pride's 7. Colonel Goff's 8. Colonel West's 9 Colonel Cooper's 10. Colonel Ashfield's 11. Colonel Daniel's 12. Colonel Read's Six Troops of Dragoons and sixteen pieces of Ordinance This brave Cavalry and gallant Infantry in prosecution of the present design first marched to New-bridge from thence to Lithgow Now the two Armies being not far from one another it was conceived a speedy ingagement would follow seeing General Cromwel's courage prompted him to seek his Enemies and the numerousness of the Scots Army might be a perswasion to them not to fear a Fight But it seems they intended nothing less for the King having drawn his Foot into Torwood incamped there and railed them in with regular Fortifications the Horse in great Bodies lying about them for security and these again being fenced with the River and with Bogs so that it was an impossible thing for the English to drive them out of this fastness which they had betaken themselves to Yet however the Lord General would try whether provocations might draw the Scots to a fairer field and therefore marched his Army in Battalia so near their main Body that their Tents might perfectly be discerned and so stood from twelve at noon till eight at night expecting the Scots approach but they having more mind to spin out time then to put all to the hazard of one Battel refused an ingagement But because it should not be said the English came there for nothing therefore the Scots sent them some thundring Messengers from the concavity of their great Guns which wrought this effect that the Lord General Cromwel drew off his Army with a resolution not quite to desert the service but rather to go back some few paces that so he might return again with the greater force or else attempt the Scots Quarters in some other places and by that means inforce his Enemies to seek to him for relief of their Friends This resolution being taken up the Lord General drew off his Army to Glasgow and after some small refreshment of his wearied Souldiers he marched away again directly on the East side of the Town and so continued in excellent order marching on for five or six miles towards Hamilton this was to amuse the Scots and bring them into security but upon the suddain hoping to get some advantage over the Scots upon the remove of their Camp to Kelsith he wheeled about and quickly after took up his Quarters at Monkes-Land within four miles of their Army But though they still declined ingagement refusing to meddle with the English otherwayes then by small parties that sometimes flew out when they conceived any advantage might be gained yet many of these Land-Pickaroons were often met withal and sent home again well Bastinado'd for their boldness This spinning out of time in this manner so exasperated the Lord General Cromwel that he resolved to fall upon part of their Forces that were placed to keep Kalendar-House Accordingly July 15. he caused two battering Guns to be planted they began to play about eleven of the clock that day and about seven at night they had acted their parts so well that the wall no longer being able to indure the force of these fiery Engines fell down in many places and yet for all this the Governor very stoutly made good his charge believing that the whole Scotch Army his friends who were in sight would never let him perish for want of relief and therefore resolved to stand it out to the utmost The Lord General seeing his Summons wrought little effect to the obtaining of his ends sent ten Files out of every Regiment to pull them out by force seeing they would not yeild for fear these stout Lads being provided with Faggots presently dis-burdened their backs in the Enemies Moat and so springing over into the breach carried all before them so that in half an hour the House was wholly possest and the Governor with sixty two Souldiers hurried away into another world having refused when they might to live in this The Scotch Army all this while moved not but as passive Spectators beheld this Tragedy without offering to send one hand to help their friends in distress as if this business nothing concerned them The Lord General seeing how cowardly the Scots were in that they suffered their Garisons to be snatched away from under their Noses resolves to sit yet more close upon their skirts and bid fair for Fife thereby to cut off those supplies of provisions that inabled them to trifle out time and protract the VVar. This design had many times been discoursed of by the General and his Council of VVar but never before fell out so fit an opportunity as was now presented VVherefore Colonel Daniel's Regiment of Foot having four Companies more joyned with them and four Troops of Horse all under the command of that valiant Souldier Col Overton were designed for this service these lying at Leith it was given out they were intended for England by Sea but upon a sudden all provisions being in a readiness the Boats and Pinaces also fitted for Service Colonel Overton marched with his Forces out of Leith to Queens Ferry and there having imbarqued his men Thursday July 17. in the evening this Brigade set forward and the next morning very early being furthered by the wings of Sails and Oars this little Fleet flew over the Frith into Fife and landed at the North-Ferry in
the Scots desired Articles to depart in peace which Lambert though a man of War quickly condescended to and so the place was yeilded upon these Conditions 1. That the Souldiers in Garison who were about five hundred should march away with flying Colours 2. That the Towns People should have what belonged to them 3. That all provisions for War together with all Guns and shipping of War should be delivered up for the use of the Common-Wealth of England This place was of great concernment for besides the strength of it it was a most commodious Harbour and in many respects better then that at Leith and from thence the Army in the progress of their Conquests might have constant supplies of all necessaries The Lord General having dispatched his Affairs at Leith made no stay but immediatly crost the Frith to his Army then at Brunt Island where he finds all things governed by Lambert with much Prudence and Policie the Souldiers couragious and Commissary General Whalley with a strong Party of Horse abroad scouring the Sea-side of Fife having some Men of War by Sea attending his Motion The Activity of this excellent Commander was very eminent who quickly subjugated many small Forts and possest himself of all their Artillery with the Ships and Pinaces that lay near them for security Having now brought his Affairs to a very hopeful condition the Lord General placed Colonel Wests Regiment in Brunt Island and with the rest of the Army and Train of Artillery July 30. 1651. he marched away to reduce St. Johnstons thereby to stop the High-landers from offering to send any Supplies to Sterling either of Men or Provisions The swiftness of this March was such that in two dayes the English Army came within sight of the Town and no sooner had they faced the same but intelligence informed the Lord General what small resistance he was like to meet withal which news was no way unwelcome but most acceptable for now 't was hoped to obtain possession by words not by swords and therefore this Summons was sent in That being informed the Town was void of a Garison save the inhabitants and some few Country men he thought fit to send to them to deliver the same to him immediately and that he did thereby promise to secure their Persons from violence and their goods from plunder This Message was immediately sent away by a Trumpeter who as it was conceived would blow open the Gates and make a free entrance for the whole Army but it fell out contrary to expectation for this Messenger of Peace approaching one of the Gates he was denyed admittance and returned back again by the Towns-men with a short Reply That they were not in a capacity to receive any Letters This slighting of Peace had like to have made them uncapable of Mercy but that a speedy excuse from the Magistrates of the Town was sent forth to mend the matter which declared That the Kings Majesty had sent a very strong Party able to maintain the Town and over-power them with a Governour But alwayes to observe civility with his Lordship they had obtained leave from the Governour to excuse themselves by shewing how unable they were to treat This was strange but not so strange as true For the day before the Lord Dafferes had entered the town with 1300 souldiers and therefore General Cromwel once more resolved to try the strength of his pen in a new Summons to this new Governour before they felt the fury of his sword But this was to little purpose for Dafferes would not return the least line or word in answer This sullen silence caused the General to give a speedy Order for drawing away the Water out of the Moats round about the Town whilst three Regiments of Foot Col. Prides Reads and Maliverers boldly advanced and planted four great Guns which plaid furiously into the Town this continued for one night but the Governour next day finding himself in an Errour was unwilling to persist any longer in it for fear of being brought to the stool of Repentance and therefore sent out to desire a Treaty which being concluded upon it was there agreed to deliver up the Town to the Lord General Thus the English Army run on in a continued Series of Successes making all places that offered to withstand their invincible force bow in obedience and come under their command and all this without the least opposition from the Scots grand Army commanded by the King himself which had lain long in and about Sterling strongly intrenched as if their onely design had been to defend themselves fearing as 't was thought to offend their Enemies and therefore continued their station to no other purpose then to bring up the Rear in Cromwel's Triumphs But it fell out otherwayes for the English Army having advanced as far Northwards as St. Johnstons the King thought good to make use of the present opportunity seeing his Affairs in Scotland were reduced to a desperate condition and fearing the fate that hung over that Nation would inevitably fall upon his own head did not he prevent it by some extraordinary means therefore knowing a desperate Disease requires a desperate Cure and that being in a house ready to fall it would be the safest course by a sudden departure to save himself by seeking a better Habitation he presently took that course To which end first of all casting up his force he found it extended to about 16000 strong with these and hopes of farther help from Friends he resolves to venter for England it self not doubting if his success answered his desires to hook in both Scotland and Ireland into the Bargain This Resolution he resolves to put in execution and therefore hastens his souldiers to drive on the design Thursday July 31. 1651. all things being in readiness the Scotch Army began their march from Sterling and the sixth day after entered England by the way of Carlisle The noyse of this Irruption made a terrible Eccho through all the Nation especially in the ears of the Parliament at Westminster who were much startled with the suddenness of the Action But they like vigilant Statists doubting such a thing would happen had beforehand provided to welcome these new-come Guests and first of all Major General Harrison attended by 3000 Horse and Dragoons joyning himself with Colonel Rich and some other great Commanders marched away to salute them upon their entrance into England Then an Act was issued forth and sent into all the Counties of the Nation to raise up the Militia into a present posture of Defence and besides to make all sure another Act was presently sent abroad which prohibited correspondency with Charles Stuart or any of his Party wherein it was enacted and declared That no person whatsoever should presume to hold any correspondencie with the said Charles Stuart or with his Party or with any of them nor give any intelligence to them nor countenance encourage abet adhere to or assist
great consusion he with his men gave a camisado on the Church but that valiant Commander Lambert highly prizing the worth of his men immediately came in with a new supply of Horse to their rescue Massey now seeing that to fight would be meer folly being much over-matched thought a timely retreat the onely way to secure his men which he performed with so much bravery that sometimes facing then fighting and so falling off himself brought up the Rear and never left his station until his men were got farther off into safety This encounter at last fell heavy on himself for he not fearing his flesh and despising the force of his Enemies rencountered great difficulty in getting away having received a shot in his hand The Bridge being thus won all imaginable industry was imployed to make it up so that in a small time Lieutenant General Fleetwoods Army marched over which still pressing forward they laid a Bridge of Boats over the River Teame on the west side of Severn which gliding along at last emptieth it self thereinto about a mile beneath Worcester General Cromwel in the mean time caused another Bridge to be laid over the Severn on his side that so the Enemy might be the more straitned Upon this the Scots having taken the alarm rise from their Leaguer at St. Jones and with the greatest part of their Horse and Foot marched on to oppose the Lieut. Generals passage The Lord General seeing this resolves to draw off the Enemy and so divert his design or else inforce him to fight on great disadvantage therefore himself in person led over the River on that side of Worcester which he had undertook to attaque two Regiments of Foot Colonel Hookers of Horse and his own Life-Guard In the mean time Fleetwood with the assistance of Colonel Goff's and Major General Dean's Regiments of Foot marched on to a hedg-fight for the Scots looking upon this as the safest way had lined the hedges thick with Musqueteers so that the Bushes must first be beaten before these Birds could be taken This was not long in doing for the English falling on perform'd a brave fight from hedge to hedge the Scots on the other side not losing any thing that could be kept but manfully maintaining their ground until Colonel Blake Gibbons and Marshes Regiments came in to lay more load on their shoulders then they retreated to Pawick Bridge where again they were ingaged with Col. Hayns Col. Cobbets and Col. Matthew's Regiments in another hot dispute but at length seeing they could not prevail they provided for their own security by running into Worcester And now desperation animating their courage knowing that to continue in this pound would make them in a pitiful pickle therefore having already tried their fortune with Lieutenant General Fleetwood they imagining him to have commanded the greater force they hoped to make a more fortunate sally against General Cromwel therefore upon the sudden they sallied out against him with all the Horse and Foot they could but as it proved with sad success for though at first they shewed such activity in their Arms that General Cromwels men were forced alittle to retire yet presently the multitudes of fresh men coming in so turned the scales that the Scots were wholly routed flying away in great confusion to save themselves the Horse flew amain back again towards the North but the Foot not able to keep company ran into Worcester with some of the Victors at their heels Whilst in the mean time General Cromwel to make sure work with a few Regiments of Foot ran up to the Royal Fort and being ready to storm his clemencie was seen in venturing his person through the showers of shot and offering the Scots quarter if they would presently yield But they being infatuated refused the profer which caused their too late repentance for the Lord General falling on quickly possest the Fort and all the Artillery that was therein The City being now won the souldiers suriously fly through all the streets doing such execution that nothing could be seen for some time but blood and slaughter until at last the sack of the Town and plunder of Prisoners having satisfied their appetites they fall to securing of Prisoners which both in fight and flight amounted to about 10000 the Ilain neer 3000. so that neer all was lost onely some few Horse excepted which escaped out of the Battel but these found their flight to stand them in little stead for Major General Harison with a fresh party fiercely pursued in their Rear whilst the Country people fronted and flanked them like little Beagles which when a Mastiff is once beaten will not let him pass without a snarle at his tail and fiercely pursue him whom before they durst not look in the face This Battle put a period to the Good Fortune of the Stuarts Family and on the other side crowned General Cromwels Atchievements with an absolute security of all his former Conquests the influence whereof though acted in England was great in Scotland their chief Nobility Gentry and private souldiers being thus cut off that Nation could no longer be able to hold up its head but quickly after must needs be brought under obedience to the Commonwealth of England as it fell out soon after The Parliament at London having speedy notice of this prosperous success received it with grateful acceptation But that which abated somewhat of their Triumphs was That the King could not be numbred among the Captives nor found among the Slain but was slip'd away into some by-place for he seeing that all the Enemies aim was onely to smite him and that they did not fight so much against small or great as against the King of Scots finding the battel to go hard on his side he left caring for others to provide for himself knowing full well that should he be taken his Quarter would be Quartering and that without the help of an Astrologer it might easily be prognosticated what Death he should die Therefore trusting more to horse then men and fear adding wings to his flight he hastened with all speed towards Lancashire but by the way doubting that much company would do him little good but rather be a means to cause his sooner discovery leaving the Road he wandered for some time about England till at last finding a fit opportunity he returned back again into France Thus this object of worldly Mutability having ventured at all could enjoy no more then the heavy Load of his own Misfortunes having been onely Tantalized with the Golden Apples of sweet Soveraignty but never suffered to satisfie his appetite with their fruition for coming into Scotland his Government was cut out to him by shreds as pleased the Kirk and States of that Kingdom and being a stranger he must be carved to not suffered to serve himself for fear of surfeits like Zancha Panza's Doctors that slipt away the dishes out of respect to his health whilst in the mean time