or treading of all Beasts of Venery and Chase. That of a Hart Buck and all Fallow Deer Boar is termed SLot View Tract or Treading That of an Hare is tearmed according to her several Courses for when she keepeth in plain fields and chaseth about to deceive the Hounds it is said she Doubleâ—h but when she beateth the plain high-way where you may yet perceive her footing it is said she Pricketh Tearms of the Tayl. That of a Hart Buck Roe or any other Deer Boar Fox Wolf Hare and Coney is tearmed his Tayl. Single Wreath Bush or holy water sprinkle Stern Scut The fat of all sorts of Deer is called Suet. Also it may be very well said This Deer was a high Deer's Grease The fat of a Roe Boar and Hare is termed Bevy Grease Grease You shall say that a Hart Harboureth Buck Lodgeth Roe Beddeth Hare Seateh or Formeth Coney Sitteth Fox Kenneleth You shall say a Deer Hare Fox is Broken Cased Uncased You shall say Dislodge Start Unkennel Rowse Bowlt the Buck. Hare Fox Hart. Coney You shall say a Hart or Buck Roe Boar Hare or Coney Fox Wolf goeth to his the Rut. Tourn Brym Buck. Clicketting Match or to his Make. Tearms excogitated and used by Foresters Tou shall say a Hart Belloweth Buck Groaneth Roe Belleth Hare and Coney Beateth or Tappeth Fox Barketh Wolf Howleth You shall say a Litter of Cubs Nest of Rabbets Skilful Foresters and good Woodmen Do use to say a Herd Of Harts Herd All manner of Deer Bevy Roes Sounder Swine Rowt Wolyes Riches Marternes Brace or Lease Bucks Brace or Lease Foxes Brace or Lease Hares Couple Rabbets or Conies These are apt tearms of Hunting pertaining both to Beasts of Venery and of Chase. Whereas some men are of opinion that a Stag of what age soever he be shall not be called a Hart until the King or Queen have hunted him that is not so For after the fifth year of his age you shall no more call him a Stag but a Hart. So then at six years old he is called a Hart. Now if the King or Queen do hunt or chase him and he escape away alive then after such hunting or chasing he is called a Hart Royal. Note That if this Hart be by the King or Queen so hunted or chased that he be forced out of the Forest so farr that it is unlike that he will of himself return thitherto again and then the King or Queen giveth him over either for that he is weary or because he cannot recover him for that such a Hart hath shewed the King pastime for his delight and is also as Budeus noteth Eximius Cervus a goodly Hart and for that the King would have him return to the Forest again he causeth open Proclamation to be made in all Towns and Villages near to the place where the same Hart so remaineth That no manner of person or persons shall kill hurt hunt or chase him but that he may safely return to the Forest again from whence he came And then ever after such a Hart is called a Hart Royal proclaimed So that there are three sorts of Harts viz. Hart. Hart Royal. and Hart Royal proclaimed A Hind hath these Degrees First Second Third Year is called a Calf Brockets sister Hinde Good Foresters have observed that when a Hart hath past his sixth year he is generally to be called a Hart of Tenne and afterwards according to the increase of this Head Whether he be Crochod Palmed or Crowned When he breaketh Herd and draweth to the Thickets or Coverts the Foresters or Woodmen do say He taketh his hold Skilfull Woodmen describing the Head of a Hart do call the a Round Roll next the Head The Burr b Main Horn Beam c Lowest Antlier Browantliers d Next above thereunto Bezantliers e Next above that Royal. f Upper part of all Surroyal top And in a Buck's head they say c Burr b Beam d Braunche e Advancers a Palm Spellers And though every Gentleman is not an Armorist or a skilfull Woodman yet it is well-beseeming men of a generous race to have a superficial skill in either of these professions forasmuch as they both especially the former do well beseem the dignity of a Gentleman the one tending to the delight and recreation of the mind and the other to the health solace and exercise of the body that so in their mutual converse they may be able to deliver their minds in fit tearms in either kind and not in speeches either vulgar or obsolâ—te For which cause I here set down the tearms appropriated by skilfull Foresters and Woodmen to Beasts of Chase according to their several Names Seasons Degrees and Ages like as I have formerly done of Beasts of Venery as in Example Of Beasts of Chase the Buck is the first And is tearmed the First year a Fawn Second Pricket Third Sorel Fourth Sore Fifth Buck of the first head Sixth Buck or great Buck. Next to the Buck is the Doe being accounted the second Beast of Chase And is termed the First year a Fawn Second Prickets sister Third Doe The third Beast of Chase is a Fox which albeit he be said to be politick and of much subtilty yet is the variety of tearms of a Fox very scarce For in the First year he is called a Cub Second Fox Afterwarwards an old Fox or the like The Martern or Marton as some old Foresters or Woodmen do tearm them being the fourth Beast of Chase hath these tearms He is called the First year a Martern Cub Second Martern The fifth and last Beast of Chase is the Roe whose proper tearms pertaining to Chase are these He is said to be the First year a Kid. Second Girl Third Hein use Fourth Roe-buck of the first head Fifth Farr Roe-buck These Beasts of Chase do make their abode all the day time in the Fields and upon the Hills and high Mountains where they may see round about them afar off for preventing their danger For these are more timerous of their own safety than dangerous and harmful to men And in the night time when men be at rest and all things quiet then do they make their repair to the Corn-fields and Medows for food and relief for which respect they are called Campesties because they do haunt the Field and Champion grounds more than the Woods and thick Coverts or Thickets as we do most usually observe them This Coat with the difference of a second Brother is born by Iohn Bowen of Swansey in the said County Esq This Coat is also born by the Right Honourable William Earl of Devonshire Baron Cavendish of Hardwick and Lord Lieutenant of the County of Derby Gules three Bucks heads cabosed Argent is born by the Name of D'oyley and is the Coat-Armour of Sir VVilliam D'oyley of St. Margarets VVestminster in Middlesex Kt. Son and Heir of Sir VVilliam D'oyley of Shotisham in Norfolk Knight and Baronet Gules three Stags heads cabosed Or attired Argent is born
I will make more apparent by this next Example Azure a Maunch Or. This with the distinction of a Crescent Gules charged with another Or is the Paternal Coat-Armour of Edward Conyers Esq principal Store-keeper of his Majesties Ordnance and Armour in the Tower of London who is descended from the Family of Conyers late of Wakerly in the County of Northampton being a branch of that ancient Family of the Conyers of Sockburne within the Bishoprick of Durham whose Ancestors in the Reign of William the Conqueror had the Office of Constable of the Castle of Durham granted to them in Fee which Estate is yet continuing in the same Family though not in the same Name being descended to an only Daughter of 〈…〉 Conyers of Sockburne Esq who married the Right Honourable Francis late Earl of Shrewsbury From this Family is likewise descended the Right Honourable Conyers Lord Darcy Meynell and Conyers of Hornby Castle in the County of York whose Grand-father Thomas Darâ—y Esq married Elizabeth daughter and heir of Iohn Lord Conyers of Hornby And thence is also descended Tristram Conyers of Walthamstow in the County of Essex Serjeant at Law As touching Apparel we find that though the same be made chiefly to clothe our nakedness yet shall we find that they were not only ordained by the invention of man but also allowed and for some special end expresly commanded by God himself to be made and provided as well for glory as also for ornament and comliness as appeareth Exod. 28. Likewise thou shalt embroider the fine linnen Coat and thou shalt make the Mitre of fine linnen and thou shalt make the Girdle of needle work And for Aaron 's sons thou shalt make Coats and thou shalt make for them Girdles and Bonnets shalt thou make for them for glory and for beauty Rich Garments and costly Jewels are reckoned Ornaments as appeareth 2 Sam. 1. 24. Ye daughters of Israel weep over Saul who clothed you in scarlet with other delights who put on ornaments of gold upon your apparel And they be called Ornaments because they do illustrate and adorn or beautifie the person that is garnished with them To this Head may be reduced all sorts of things whatsoever pertaining to the adorning decking or triming of the body as Combs Glasses Head-brushes Curling-bodkins c. and also Purses Knives c. Sir Thomas Palmer of Leigh near Tunbridge in Kent Kt. Grand-father to the elder Sir Henry Palmer Kt. before recited was owner of the Mannors of Tottington and Eccles in Aylesford and Boxley adjoying to Snodland aforesaid which came unto this Family by a match with a daughter of the Lord Poynings And Katharine Palmer this Sir Thomas Palmer's sister was married to Iohn Roe of Boxley in Kent Gent. Father of Reginald Roe of Leigh aforesaid Gent. Ancestor to Sir Thomas Roe Kt. living 1632. whose worthy merit in the discharge of many Embassages wherein he hath been imployed by this State deserves to be remembred with an honourable Character In respect we are now come to speak of Stamps and Coins I hold it not impertinent by the way to give some little touch of the Royalty of Coining It is therefore to be observed that the power to coin money hath been evermore reckoned to be one of the Prerogatives that in our common Law we do call Iura Regalia and pertaineth to the Sovereign Power amongst many Regal Immunities to that Supream Jurisdiction peculiarly belonging and to none others Nevertheless we read that Monarchical Kings and Sovereign States have imparted this Prerogative or Preheminence unto others their inferiours upon special acceptable service done or for whatsoever private respect as we may see Maccab. 15. 6. where amongst many other preheminences granted by Antiochus the son of Demetrius to Simon the high Priest which had been formerly granted to him by the Predecessors of Antiochus he enableth him to coin money saying I give thee leave to coin money of thine own stamp within thy Countrey To this Head must be reduced all other sorts of Bullion or Coin and whatever else pertaineth to traffick or commerce By this open Purse we may understand a man of a charitable disposition and a frank and liberal steward of the blessings which God hath bestowed upon him for the relief of the needyâ— Of such an one St. Hierome hath this saying Non memini me legisse mala morte mortuum qui libenter opera charitatis exercuit habet enim multos intercessores impossibile est multorum preces non exaudiri Though the shoe be an habit serving for the foot which is the most inferiour part of mans body yet it is not therefore to be contemned forasmuch as it is a note of progression and very behoveful for travellers In the Scriptures it is often taken for expedition as Psal. 60. In Idumaeam extendam calceamentum meum And proceeding to Idumea I will cast my shoe over it It was an ancient custome amongst the Israelites in transferring of possessions for him that departed therewith to pluck off his shoe and to deliver the same to his neighbour as now it is with us to pass livery and seisâ— of Inheritance by the delivery of a turf and sprigs taken off the ground and delivering the same to the Purchaser as appeareth in the Book of Ruth where it is said Now this was the manner before time in Israel concerning râ—deeming and changing for to stablish all things A man did pluck off his shoe and gave it to his neighbour and this was a sure witness By which Ceremony he publickly acknowledged that he had transferred and put over his whole right unto the Purchaser Ruth 4. 7 8 9. But in after Ages it seemeth the Jews passed Inheritances by Charters sealed and testified by witnesses a custome of use with us at this day at the Common Law as appeareth in the Prophesie of Ieremiah Men shall buy fields for money and make writings and seal them and take witnesses in the Land of Benjamin and round about Jerusalem c. 32. 44. And again Ier. 32. 25 And thon hast said unto me O Lord God buy unto thee a field for silver and take witnesses And I bought the field of Hananeel my Uncles son that was in Anathoth and weighed him the money even seventeen shekels of silver And I subscribed the Evidence and sealed it and took witnesses and weighed him the money in the balances c. Now since I am casually fallen upon this Argument of sealing of Deeds I hold it not amiss to give some little touch by the way of the first coming in of this custome of sealing in this our Nation which is now of so frequent use amongst us First it is to be observed that our Ancestors the Saxons had not the same in use for they used only to subscribe their Names commonly adding the sign of the Cross. And I need not to prove the same by the testimony of divers witnesses for this custome continued here in
Dorcas daughter of Richard Graves Esq deceased late Reader of Lincolns-Inn aforesaid He beareth Argent a Cross betwen four Spread-Eagles Gules by the Name of Strachey and is born by Iohn Strachey of Sutton-Court in Somersetshire Esq. He beareth Argent three Palmers Staves Sable the heads rests ends Or by the Name of Palmer and is the Coat-Armour of William Palmer of Winthorp in Lincolnshire Esq Captain of a Troop in the Regiment of his Graceâ— the Duke of Monmouth Captain-General of all his Majesties Land-Forces He beareth Gules on a Bend Or three Martlets Sable by the Name of Brabazon and is the Paternal Coat-Armour of Edward Brabazon of Ballyarthur in the County of Wickloe in the Kingdom of Ireland Esq second Son of the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Meath deceased He beareth Ermyn on a Bend Sable two Hands and Arms to the Elbows issuing out of Clouds at the Elbows all proper holding an Horshoe Or by the Name of Borlace and is the Coat-Armour of Humphrey Borlace of Treluddro in the County of Cornwall Esq. He beareth Sable a Bend Ermyn between two Cottises flory Or by the Name of Keck and is the Paternal Coat-Armour of Anthony Keck of the Inner Temple London Esq He beareth Or a Bend engrailed between six Roses Gules by the Name of Warner and is the Paternal Coat-Armour of Iohn Warner of Brakenthwaite in the Parish of Kirby-Overblow in the West-Riding of Yorkshire Esq lineally descended from the Warners of Wárner-Hall in Essex Argent a Fess humid Gules between three Ravens rising to fly Sable born by Richard Peirce of the City of London Esq. He beareth Argent a Fess Nebule Gules between three Eagles displayed Sable by the Name of Cudmore and is the Coat-Armour of Thomas Cudmore of Kelvedon in Essex Esq son and heir of Thomas Cudmore Esq deceased by Dorothy eldest Daughter and Coheir of Sir Thomas Cecill Kt. son of Thomas Earl of Exeter by Dorothy Daughter and Coheir of Iohn Nevill Lord Latimer son and heir of Iohn Lord Latimer by Dorothy Daughter and Coheir of Sir George Vere Ktâ— which said Sir Thomas died Anno 1662. and lieth buried in Stamford-Baron in Northamptonshire amongst his Ancestors Per Pale Vert and Ermyn an Eagle displayed This Coat is born by Richard Goodlad of the City of London Esq. He beareth Gules a Cheveron Ermyn between three Flowers de Lis Argent by the Name of Crome and is the Paternal Coat-Armour of Valentine Crome of Mayden-Early in Berkshire Esq decended from the ancient Family of Lewis in Yorkshire Argent a Fess between three Flowers de Lis Sable by the Name of Evance which said Coat is born by Iohn Evance of the City of London Esq He beareth Gules a Quaterfoil Or by the Name of Rowe and is born by Anthony Rowe of St. Martins in the Fields in Middlesex Esq third son of Sir Tho. Rowe of Moswellhill in the said County Kt. Argent a Cheveron between three Cinquefoils Gules is born by Charles Beauvoir of the City of London Esq descended from the Family of the Beauvoirs in the Island of Garnsey He beareth Or two Barrs Azure in Chief three Escallop-hells Gules by the Name of Clark and is the Coat-Armour of Edward Clark of the Inner Temple London Esq son and heir of Edward Clark of Chipley in Somersetshire Esq He beareth Vert a Greyhound current in Bend Argent collared Gules studded Or by the Name of Blome and is born by Richard Blome of Abergwilly in Gaermarthenshire Esq by Io. Blome of Sevenoke in Kent Gent. and by Richard Blome of Chobham in the Parish of Westham in Essex Gent. This Coat being false cut in the body of the Book is here rectified He beareth Gules a Cheveron â—ngrailed Ermyn between three Eagles Argent by the Name of Child This with the Arms of Vlster is the Coat-Armour of Sir Iosias Child of Wanstead in the County of Essex Baronet He beareth Argent a Bend Sable in the sinister Chief a Garb Gules by the Name of Whitworth and is the Coat-Armour of Richard Whitworth of Adbaston in the County of Stafford Gent. He beareth Sable on a Bend Argent three Lozenges of the Field by the Name of Carington and was the Coat-Armour of Iohn Carington of Sponton in the North Riding of Yorkshire Gent. deceased second son of William Carington of Sponton aforesaid Esq who was second Brother to Iohn Carington of Carington in Cheshire Esq Thus having largely treated of all the parts of Atchievements our next business will be to represent them conjoyned together for which we will referr the Reader to the second part viz. Honour Military and Civil TO THE Generous Reader My Task is past my Care is but begun My Pains must suffer Censures for reward Yet hope I have now my great pains are done That gentle Spirits will quite them with regard For when my love to Gentry here they find My love with love they must requite by kind But if the ungentle Brood of Envies Grooms Misdoom my Pains no force they do their kind And I 'le do mine which is to scorn their Dooms That use unkindly a kind well-willing mind Thus I resolve Look now who will hereon My Task is past and all my Care is gone A Conclusion BUt He alone that 's free from all defect And only cannot erre true Wisdom's Sire Can without error all in All effect But weak are men in acting their desire This Work is filde but not without a flaw Yet filde with Pain Care Cost and all in all But as it were by force of Natures Law It hath some faults which on the Printers fall No Book so blest that ever scap'd the Press For ought I ever read or heard without Correctors full'st of Art and Carefulness Cannot prevent it Faults will flee about But here 's not many so the easier may Each gentle Reader rub away their stains Then when the verbal Blots were done away I hope their profit will exceed their pains Besides it may be thought a fault in me To have omitted some few differences Of Coronets of high'st and low'st degree But this I may not well a fault confess For 'twixt a Duke and Marquess Coronets Is so small odds as it is scarce discern'd As here i' th' Earl and Vicounts frontilets May by judicious Artists now be learn'd Then these are faults that Reason doth excuse And were committed wilfully because Where is no difference there is no abuse To Grace Arms Nature Order or their Laws This breaks no Rule of Order though there be An Order in Degrees concerning This If Order were infring'd then should I flee From my chief purpose and my Mark should miss ORDER is Natures beauty and the way To Order is by Rules that Art hath found Defect and excess in those Rules bewray Order's defective Nature 's much deform'd But ORDER is the Center of that GOD That is unbounded and All circumscribes Then if this Work hath any likelyhood Of the least good the
Accidents should have such power in them For Aristotle Physicorum 1. saith Accidentia possunt miraculose non alias mutare subjectum Accidents change not their Subject but by Miracle Addition doubtless and Subtraction are of greater force than Transmutation or Location yet is there no such power in them as that they can alter the essence of any thing Quia augmentum vel diminutio saith Chassanaeus circa accidentia contractuum non reponunt contractum in diverso esse neque per ea intelligitur ab eo in substantialibus recessus the adding or diminishing of Accidents makes not the thing lose the nature of his being This Coat with the Arms of Vlster is born by Sir Iohn Molineux of Teversal in Nottinghamshire Baronetâ— and with the Arms of Vlster with a due difference is born by Darcy Molineux of Mansfield in the said County Esq Nephew to the said Sir Iohn Leigh in Blazoning of this form of Cross maketh no mention at all of the piercing thereof perhaps because it resembleth the Ink of a Mill which is evermore pierced This is termed Quarter pierced quasi Quadrate pierced for that the piercing is square as a Trencher The Augmentation born on the Bend was granted unto the Right Noble Thomas Duke of Norfolk and to his Descendants by King Henry the Eighth for his signal Service as General of the Army which gave that remarkable overthrow at Floding to King Iames the Fourth of Scotland which said Duke was by King Henry the Seventh created Knight of the Garter and made Lord High Treasurer of England So much of the Cross with the Accidents thereof Now of that other Ordinary that is framed also of a fourfold Line that is to say a Saltire A Saltire is an Ordinary consisting of a fourfold Line whereof two are drawn from the Dexter chief towards the Sinister base corners and the other from the Sinister chief towards the Dexter base points and do meet about the midst by couples in acute Angles I know the Learned Geometer will find many more Lines here than I do mention but as I said of Lines in the Cross this our description greeth best with Heralds and our purpose Azure a Saltier Argent is the Coat-Armour of Sir William York of Burton-Pedwardin in Lincolnshire Knight Sable a Saltier Argent is born by the name of Ducket of Steeple-Morden in Cambridgeshire In old time saith Leigh this was made of the height of a man and was driven full of Pins the use whereof was to scale the Walls therewith to which end the Pins served commodiously In those days saith he the Walls of a Town were but low as appeareth by the Walls of Rome which Rhemus easily leaped over and the Walls of Winchester which were overlooked by Colebrand the Chieftain of the Danes who was slain by Guy Earl of Warwick who was Champion for King Athelstane Argent a Saltier engrailed Sable by the Name of Middleton This with the Arms of Vlster is the Coat-Armour of Sir George Middleton of Leighton near Warton in Lancashire Baronet CHAP. VIII HAving hitherto shewed at large the several forms of making of such Charges as we call honourable Ordinaries Order requireth that I should now shew their diverse manner of Bearing according to our prefixed Distribution These are born Simple Compound Those are said to be born Simple when only Ordinaries do appear in the Field These Ordinaries comprehend One sort Divers sorts Ordinaries are said to be of one sort when only one kind of them is born in the Field without mixture of any other Whose bearing is Single Manifold By single Bearing I understand some one Ordinary born alone in the Escocheon such are these precedent Examples before handled By manifold bearing of Ordinaries I mean the bearing of divers Ordinaries of the same kind whether the same be born of themselves alone or else conjunctly with some of their Subdivisions Which form of bearing is twofold viz. One upon another One besides another What is meant by the bearing of Ordinaries of one kind one upon another may be easily conceived by these four Escocheons next following Proceed we now to Examples of Ordinaries of the same kind born one besides another such are these next following and their like The Field is Argent two Bends Gules This Coat-Armour I find in an ancient Manuscript of Collection of Englishmens Arms in Metal and Colours with the Blazon in French of the time of our Henry the Sixth as it is apparent by the Character of the Letter over which Coat-Armour is there written the Bearers name viz. Monsieur Iohn Haget from whom Mr. Bartholomew Haget late Consul of Aleppo deriveth his descent This Book at this present remaineth in the custody of a worthy Friend of mine a curious Collector and careful Preserver of such ancient Monuments Gules two Bends the upper Or and the lower Argent was born by Milo Fitz-water who by King Henry the First was made Earl of Hereford and Constable of England and Lord of the Forest of Dean in right of his Wife Daughter and Heir of Bernard Newmarch Lord of Brecknock This Coat is now quartered by Sir Ralph Verney of Middle Claydon in Buckinghamshire Mr. Boswell in his Works of Armory observeth That the Bearer of such Bends as these or of the like Coat-Armour may be thought to have done some great enterprise upon the Seas worthy of perpetual commendation As for Ordinaries of other sorts born likewise one besides another of the same kind behold these next Examples Now from Ordinaries of the same kind born one upon another with their extracted Subdivisions proceed we to Ordinaries of divers kinds and their Diminutives abstracted from them eftsoons found likewise born both one upon another and one besides another Such are these next following and their like Now for Ordinaries of divers kinds born one besides another you shall have these Examples ensuing Robert Lisle who was a Baron in the times of King Edward the Second and Edward the Third bore the same Coat-Armour And divers ancient and eminent Nobles of this Kingdom do rightfully quarter these Arms being descended from the Heirs generally of the Family of Lisle Or a Fess between two Chevrons Gules was the Coat of Anselme Lord Fitz-water in the time of the Conquest of whom did descend Walter Fitz-water who had a Daughter and Heir that married to Robert Radcliff Father of Robert Radcliff Lord Fitz-water of whom descended Robert Radcliff Earl of Sussex and Viscount Fitz-water of which Family of Sir Francis Radcliff of Dilston in Northumberland Baronet now living 1675. The End of the Second Section Naturalia sunt specula eorum quae non videntur THis Third Section beginneth to treat of such Charges of Coat-Armours as are called Common Charges whereof some be Natural and meerly formal such are Angels and Spirits and others are both Formal and Material as the Sun Moon Stars as also such Natures as are Sublunary whether they be living after a sort as all
contrariwise the Inversion of his tail is a note of wrath and fury especially if he do beat the back therewith and doth roar withal Of this property of the Lion Catullus maketh mention in these words Age caede terga cauda tua verbera pateant Face cuncta mugienti fremitu loca retonent The gate of a Lion when he is passant is an apparent note of his jurisdiction and regal authority and sovereignty wherewith the extension of his tail doth fitly quadrate and agree inasmuch as when he hunteth after his prey he roareth vehemently whereat the Beasts being astonished do make a stand whilst he with his tail maketh a circle about them in the sand which circle they dare not transgress which done out of them he makeh choice of his prey at his pleasure Thus ending with the Wolf I will perclose this Tract of Beasts of fierce Nature comprehending all others of this kind as Ounces Lynxes Hyenaes Panthers c. under these before handled Forasmuch as the greatest part of the general Rules as also of the sundry forms of bearing attributed unto Lions and Wolves may be aptly applied to all or the greatest part of other Beasts of like Nature CHAP. XVI HAVING given Examples of ravenous and fierce kind that by main force do prosecute and obtain their prey I will now proceed to the handling of Beasts less fell and harmful of which number some are wild and savage other are domestical and sociable as Dogs of all sorts of which I will first intreat because the Dog whether it be for pleasure and game in field or for thrift and guard at home deserveth a very high estimation and of all Dogs those of chase are most in use in Armory whereof some prosecute their prey speedily others more leisurably Of the first sort is the Greyhound as in Example Note that it appeareth in an old Manuscript treating of Blazon that a Greyhound cannot properly be termed rampant for it is contrary to his kind to appear so fierce as the Author there writeth in his said Book now remaining in the custody of that worthy Knight Sir William Seger Garter principal King of Arms whose great study and travel in this Heraldical Art hath by his own Works already published been sufficiently manifest Argent three Greyhounds current pale-ways Sable collared Or by the Name of More or De la More and with the Arms of Vlster is the Coat-Armour of Sir Edward More of More-hall and Bank-hall in Lancashire Baronet lineally descended from the ancient Family of the Mores of the said places whose Ancestors have there continued for above twenty Generations as appears as well by divers ancient Deeds now in the custody of the said Sir Edward as by the Hatchments and Inscriptions engraven on the walls of the said Houses This Coat is also born by Sir Iohn More of the City of London Knight and Alderman lineally descended from the Family of the Mores aforesaid Sable three Greyhounds current in pale Argent collared Or is the Coat-Armour of the ancient Family of the Machels of Crakenthorp in Westmoreland and is now born by Lancelot Machel Esq Lieutenant of Horse to the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland a great Loyalist and an expert Souldier This Name was writ Mauchael or Mauchel from the Conquest to the Reign of King Henry the Eighth at which time those two valiant Warriers Guy Mauchel of Crakenthorp Esq and Hugh his Brother engaged themselves in that Expedition against the French in which the English were victorious and took the almost impregnable City of Turnay from whence they both returned and were successively Lords of Crakenthorp aforesaid This Guy though in many dangers yet died in his Bed about the 27th of Henry the Eighth but shewed an Heroick and Marshal Spirit in bequeathing his Arms and Armour to his Sons in the very first place as that which was most dear unto him And Hugh Machel for his Valour was by King Henry the Eighth deputed with Sir Thomas Wharton Warden of the west Marshes of England by a Warrant under the said King's Sign Manual Dated the 28th of Iune in the 29th year of his Reign To these must be added all fourfooted Beasts that are provident in acquiring their food as the Hedghog and such other It resteth that I should now give Example of the last sort of Beasts among them of savage kind before spoken of which are those of timorous and fearful Nature Such are these that follow and their like And hitherto we have handled such Terrestrial Animals only as are called Vivipara because they do bring forth living Creatures whereas the other Terrestrials do bring forth eggs and are therefore named Ovipara of which sort we will speak in the next place CHAP. XVII THIS other sort of four-footed Egg-bearing Animals as I may so term them notwithstanding that in many things they have no small resemblance with man as well touching the faculties of the vegetable soul as also the parts of the body yet are they far more unlike us than those that bring forth a living Creature And albeit that these Egg-breeding four-footed Animals do consist of the same bodily parts that the Vivipara or Animal-producing do and of the four humours that are answerable in quality to the four Elements and have all parts as well internal as external senses and many other things wherein they do communicate with the Vivipara yet are there many other things wherein they differ not only from these but also even amongst themselves one from another of them For neither do we find in these that quickness of wit that we observe in others neither like parts of strength of body that the other have Like as man especially in his soul approacheth near unto God in likeness so in like manner do other Animals resemble man wherein they do participate with man in likeness after some sort but in divers degrees forasmuch as some of them have more and some less likeness with us than others have There is not saith Beda amongst the Vniversal Works of Nature any one thing so little or of so base esteem wherein a man cannot find some Divine thing worthy of admiration No less saith Farnesius may we admire the force of a silly Flea than the hugeness and strength of an Elephant Not without reason doth the Husbandman prognosticate the approach of some great shower of Rain by the croaking of Frogs more frequent than usually whereupon he saith that they do cry for rain For this Observation is grounded upon a Physical Reason Omne enim simile gaudet suo simili suae naturae utili ac convenienti every like is delighted with his like and with that which is commodious and agreeable to his Nature Since then that Frogs are exceedingly delighted with water as with that which best agreeth with their Nature therefore when they do apprehend a foresense of Rain they do rejoice and do testifie their joy by singing after their manner Animals of base
the Air. These small and slender bodies are indowed with a perfect soul if I may so say as by the effects appeareth for they do not only live and engender but also have the use of the senses as sight hearing smelling tasting and feeling no less than other Volatiles or flying Animals and in some of them we may observe a singular sharpness of wit and to speak with Solomon fulness of wisdome as in these Bees and such others Great is the Lord therefore that made them and right marvellous also is he in all his works who hath given this fulness of wisdome to these contemptible Creatures The Bee is reputed to be of a doubtful kind in regard that it is uncertain whether he may be fitly numbred amongst the savage or domestical kind of Animals therefore they are reckoned his that hath obtained the possession of them according to our vulgarspeech Catch that catch may They are said to be ferae naturae therefore the Bees that do swarm on your trees until you have gathered them into an hive they are no more reckoned yours than the birds that do build their nests in your tree but being once hived they cease to be publick and shall be adjudged the possessors though he be not interessed in the ground and till then it is lawful for any man to take the Honycombs if they have any at all Also a swarm escaped out of your hives is no longer reckoned yours than you have them in sight and it is lawful for you so long to prosecute them but if they fly out of your sight fiunt occupantis The Egyptians reckoned the Bee a figure of Regal Power because in him besides the Nature of brute Animals he is constituted a King that administreth his function as it were by deep counsel forasmuch as he is void of sting and governeth his hive as his Commonwealth altogether by lenity If a Bee sting a dead carkass she loseth not her sting but if she sting a living man she loseth her sting So death stinging us who were as dead flesh did not lose his sting But stinging Christ hath lost his sting Therefore we may say O death where is thy sting c. 1 Cor. 15. Death hath only the name of death but not the sting of death as the brazen Serpent in the Wilderness had the form and shape of a Serpent but not the life nor sting of a Serpent Numb 21. 9. CHAP. XXII HAVING finished our intended survey of Animals both Terrestrial and Aerial and of their use in Armory I will now according to order proceed to the handling of watery Animals being such as have their principal abode and relief in the waters as Fishes of all sorts As fishes are of a less compleat nature than earthly or aerial Animals so must they in reason be of less esteem in Coat-Armour Data paritate gestantium unless the quality of the Bearer add an honour thereto because those others do approach much nearer to the nature of man than the watery sort doth Et illud est melius quod optimo est propinquius That is the better which comes nearest to the best And the Picture which is the adumbration of the thing pictured cannot invert or alter the order or worth of the things whereof it beareth the similitude Quia fictio non plus operatur quam veritas representations may not alter the truth of the principal But here I speak of arms composed of fishes as they are considered in their self-nature which notwithstanding as they be born of many persons descended of Noble and Royal Families are so much enoblished in their estimation as that they are to be preferred before many that are formed of beasts or fowls This therefore must be here also recommended for a general Rule That the worthiness of the Bearer is not the least respect we should use in considering the dignity of things born in Coat-Armour Like as birds have their plumes wings and trains by means whereof they do cut their way and make smooth passage thorow the air in like sort fishes are furnished with fins wherewith they guide themselves in their swiming and cut the current of the streams and waves for their more easie passage wherein their course is directed by their tail as ships are conducted by their Helm or Ruther And for their kinds of motion fishes are in Scripture termed Reptilia In ipso magno mari spatioso illic reptilia sunt c. In the great and wide sea there are things creeping innumerable both small and great which are therefore said to be Reptilia as Chassenus noteth Quia omnia quae natant reptandi habent vel speciem velnaturam because things when they swim seem to creep along in the water Fishes albeit they have not breath as we may say in a comparative sort so strong and sensible as four-footed Animals have because they want Lungs or Lights as Aristotle hath taught yet it behooveth they should have both attraction and respiration of breath in some fashion which we call in Latin Inspiratio which is a drawing in of breath and Respiratio which is a venting out of the breath attracted as both Plato and Galen do teach who do affirm that fishes do receive and deliver their breath by their galls For no longer is any Animal said to have life than he hath attraction and remission of breath Whereas Moses maketh mention Gen. 2. 19 20. That God caused all the beasts of the field and the fowls of heaven to come unto Adam that he might see how he would name them there is no mention of the coming of fishes unto him neither that he gave names to them The reason is for that such is the nature of fishes as that they cannot live long out of their proper Element which is the water Besides fishes do serve men for no other use but for food and some sorts of them for medicine whereof it cometh that we have not so many names of fishes mentioned in the Scriptures as of other Animals For these Reasons fishes were not produced before Adam that he might give them Names answerable to their Natures Nevertheless God gave him dominion over them as well as over the rest when he said Dominamini piscibus maris c. Hereof it cometh that man hath less familiarity and acquaintance with fishes than with many other animals as Horses Doggs small Birds of many kinds which we daily use either to serve our necessities or for our delights Fishes are born after a divers manner viz. directly upright imbowed extended endorsed respecting each other surmounting one another fretted and trianguled c. All fishes saith Leigh that are born feeding shall be termed in blazon devouring because they do swallow all whole without mastication or chewing and you must tell whereon they feed All fishes raised directly upright and having fins shall be termed in blazon Hauriant ab hauriendo signifying to draw or suck because fishes do oftentimes put
be his that weareth it you cannot erre in your judgment touching the true distinction of the dexter-side of the Escocheon that is due to the Man as to the more worthy from the sinister part that is allotted to the Woman or the Inferiour The manner of such impaling of Coat-Armours of distinct Families as Baron and Femme by persons Temporal is divers from this before mentioned for they do evermore give the preheminence of the dexter side to the man leaving the sinister to the woman as in Example If these were not Hereditary Coat-Armours yet should they have this form of marshalling and none other because the same is common as well to single marriages having no hereditary Possessions as to those that be hereditary Only in this these have a prerogative which the other have not that the Baron having received Issue by his Femme it is in his choice whether he will still bear her Coat in this sort or else in an Inescocheon upon his own because he pretendeth God giveth life to such his Issue to bear the same Coat of his Wife to him and to his heirs for which cause this Escocheon thus born is called an Escocheon of pretence Moreover the heir of these two Inheritors shall bear these two Hereditary Coats of his Father and Mother to himself and his heirs quarterly to shew that the Inheritance as well of the Possessions as of the Coat-Armours are invested in them and their Posterity whereas if the wife be no heir neither her husband nor child shall have further to do with her Coat than to set up the same in their house Paleways after the foresaid manner so to continue the memorial of the Fathers match with such a Family Examples whereof behold in hese following Escocheons These Coats are thus born by William Mountagu Esq son and heir to the Honourable William Mountagu Lord Chief Baron of his Majesties Court of Exchequer This form of bearing of divers Coats marshalled together in one Escocheon impaled as aforesaid was in use near hand within a thousand years since within the Realm of France as appeareth by Frances de Rosiers lib. Stemmatum Lotharingiae where amongst many Transcripts of Kings Charters made to Religious Houses under their Seals of Arms he mentioneth one made by Dagobert King of France to Modoaldus Archbishop of Trevers for the Cell of St. Maurice of Toledo in Spain which Charter was sealed with three Seals His words are these Hoc diploma tribus sigillis firmatum est primo aureo Dagoberti which was as he had formerly described it habens insculptum scutum liliis plenum secundo cereo Cuniberti tertio etiam cereo Clodulphi in quo est scutum partitum impressum prior pars decorata cruce ac Escarbocle seu Carbunculo altera fascia Dat. Gal. Maij Anno Dominicae Incarnationis 622. Concerning the orderly bearing of such Coat-Armours Paleways in one Escocheon note that Gerard Leigh making mention of the marshalling of divers Femmes with one Baron saith If a man do marry two wives they shall be both placed on the left side in the same Escocheon with him as parted per Pale The first wives Coat shall stand on the Chief part and the second on the Base Or he may set them both in Pale with his own the first wives Coat next to himself and his second uttermost And if he have three wives then the two first matches shall stand on the Chief part and the third shall have the whole Base And if he have a fourth wife she must participate the one half of the Base with the third wife and so will they seem to be so many Coats quartered But here you must observe that those forms of iâ—palings are meant of Hereditary Coats whereby the Husband stood in expectancy of advancing his Family through the possibility of receiving Issue that so those Hereditary Possessions of his wife might be united to his own Patrimony It was an ancient way of impaling to take half the Husbands Coat and with that to joyn as much of the Wives as appeareth in an old Roll wherein the three Lions being the Arms of England are dimidiated and impaled with half the Pales of Arragon The like hath also been practised with quartered Coats by leaving out half of them as in Example And for the Antiquity of bearing divers Coats quartered in one Escocheon the same Author Francis de Rosiers reciteth a Charter of Renate King of Angiers Sicily and Ierusalem c. concerning his receiving of the Brethren of the Monastery named Belprey into his protection Actum Nanceij Anno 1435. adding in the end thereof these words Arma Arragoniae Siciliae Hierusalem Andes Whereby if I mistake him not he giveth us to understand that his Seal of Arms did comprehend all these Coats born together quarterly in one Escocheon because he holdeth the same form of description of Seals of that kind throughout all his Collection of Charters As touching this quarterly bearing of many Coats pertaining to sundry Families together in one Escocheon William Wicley doth utterly mislike it holding the same to be better fitting a Pedigree to be locked up in a Chest as an evidence serving for approbation of the Alliances of Families or Inducements to title of Lands rather than multitudes of them should be heaped together in or upon any thing ordained for Military use For Banners Standards and other like Martial Ensigns were ordained for no other use but for a Commander to lead or be known by in the Field to which purpose these marks should be made apparent and easie to be discerned which cannot be where many Coats are thronged together and so become unfit to the Field and therefore to be abolished of Commanders Only he holdeth it expedient that a Prince or Noble-man having title to some Countrey for the obtaining whereof he is inforced to make warr should shew forth his Standard of the Arms of that Countrey quartered with his own amongst those people which in right and conscience do owe him obedience that they may be thereby induced the sooner to submit themselves to him as to their true and lawful Sovereign or Lord. So did Edward the third King of England when he set on foot his title to the Kingdom of France shewing forth the Arms of France quartered in his Royal Banner with the Arms of England But for such persons as are but Commanders under them it is very absurd since thereof ensue oftentimes many dangerous errors Et irrecuperabilis est error qui violentiâ Martis committitur Having before made mention of an Inescocheon and of the bearing of the Arms of the Femme by the Baron after Issue received by her she being an Inheritrix I will now here give you an Example as well to shew the occasion of such bearing as also the manner and situation thereof As for antiquity of bearing of Inescocheons I find them very anciently used a long time by the Emperours of Germany for they always