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lord_n	england_n	sir_n	thomas_n	15,475	5	7.8228	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A44350	An account of several new inventions and improvements now necessary for England, in a discourse by way of letter to the Earl of Marlborough, relating to building of our English shipping, planting of oaken timber in the forrests, apportioning of publick taxes, the conservacy of all our royal rivers, in particular that of the Thames, the surveys of the Thames, &c. : Herewith is also published at large The proceedings relating to mill'd-lead-sheathing, and the excellency and cheapness of mill'd-Lead in preference to cast sheet-lead for all other purposes whatsoever. : Also A treatise of naval philosophy, / written by Sir Will. Petty. ; The whole is submitted to the consideration of our English patriots in Parliament assembled.	T. H. (Thomas Hale); Petty, William, Sir, 1623-1687. A treatise of naval philosophy.	1691 (1691)	Wing H265; ESTC R28685	111,893	310

present Advice they have received from abroad will justifie their saying thus much before hand that those Effects will be found of many times more Charge to the King than all that the Complaint now before your Lordships concerning Rudder-Irons can be made to amount to But My Lords As these Proceedings have not heretofore neither shall they now discourage this Company from a free Discharge of their Duty by opening whatever Conceptions of theirs they think reasonably grounded towards the Remedying as well as Right understanding the Original of the Evil laboured under and a Remedy both Obvious Easie Effectual and next to being of no Charge we take our selves to be Masters of and shall lead your Lordships to the concurring with us in it by the few steps or Reflections following viz. First That the only competent and allowed Defence of Ships against the Worm before this of Lead-sheathing was the paying the Hulls from the Waters edge downwards with Stuff and laying the inside of a Sheathing-board from inch and quarter to three quarters thick all over with Tarr and Hair to be brought over the forementioned Stuff and being well nailed Graving or Paying the outside of the said Board all over with another Composition of Brimstone Oyl and other Ingredients which is called Wood-sheathing Concerning which however united the Opinion of us English Men may be thought to have been touching the same it seems to this Company grounded not so much upon the real Perfection thereof as the Profit that attends it to the Builders interested in the working of it and consequently leaving them under no temptation either to look out for a better themselves or give encouragement to any discoveries made towards it by others And that indeed the so universal Reception given to Wood-sheathing is rather due to this than its own real sufficiency your Lordships will be Judges of from the following Notes 1. That if not the most at least the most essential of all the Ingredients employed in that method of Sheathing are of Forreign growth which we make use of not so much for the sake of the Nationality of its Argument though yet that is such as the Parliaments of England have ever laid great weight upon in all their Deliberations upon Trade and particularly in the Act relating to this very Invention but from a Consideration which the Books of the Navy sufficiently confirm the force of viz. That being Forraign such has sometimes been the scarcity thereof here even when their use has been most wanted that they have been either not to be had at all or at Prizes much exceeding the ordinary Market 2. That the said Wood-sheathing hath been always observed and confessed to be very apt to gather Filth and of no less uneasieness when fouled to be thoroughly cleansed again 3. That from its roughness and the multitude of Nail-heads standing out from the Ships sides or otherwise Ships sheathed with Wood have ever been complained of as lessened thereby in that only quality upon which our Friggats most value themselves and have their Service in preference to others calculated from namely That of their Sailing for proof of which your Lordships have not only the Evidence lately mentioned of the Navy Officers choosing to send naked Ships to the Streights when with as little violence to practice and order they might have sent them so sheathed but that general application which was heretofore made to his Royal Highness then Lord High Admiral of England by the Flag-Officers and Commanders of the Fleet designed under Sir Thomas Allen as we remember against the Turks advising that as his Majesty would expect any success of the said Fleet against that People he would let his Ships go with all their virtue of Sailing about them undiminished by sheathing as being from former Experience of the Turks out-doing us that way taught that without this nothing was to be hoped for of Advantage to be gained upon them which Advice of theirs was urged so pressingly and justified so fully that both his Royal Highness and the then Officers of the Navy concurred with those of the Fleet in the Council thereupon given his Majesty and afterwards pursued rather of exposing the Hulls of his Ships to the worst Effects of the Worm than hazard the loss both of their whole Service and his own Honour by sheathing and thereby disabling them in this their best quality of Sailing Secondly Which being so and that therefore besides these plain and important Imperfections in Wood-sheathing the only Remedy hitherto thought on has been to deliver up his Majesty's Ships to the mercy of the Worm by sending them abroad wholly unprovided of any Fence against them This Company takes leave in the next place humbly to recommend to your Lordships the requiring from the Officers of the Navy an impartial Account of the condition wherein the Ships of that Fleet of Sir Thomas Allen's brought home their Hulls notwithstanding all the mighty professions then made by their Commanders of the care that should be taken in the frequent turning up of their Bottoms and use of the long Scrubbing-brushes then first devised and introduced into the Navy for the easier reaching towards their Keeles in the making of them clean And for whatever issue your Lordships are to expect from the late Liberty taken by these Gentlemen of doing the like on other Ships at this day though it be yet too soon for your Lordships to expect any certain Account thereof as being a Matter not to be done before they are brought in and searched Yet we cannot think it will be reckoned any ill measure for your Lordships to frame your Expectations by therein to consider the single case of the Rupert in her last Voyage to the Streights under Captain Herbert which Ship in lieu of being according to the Kings Order sheathed with Lead was by the said Officers Advice and the Undertaking of her Commander for the frequency of her cleaning sent away naked saving in her Keel which was Leaded with this success that besides the Apprehensions Captain Herbert was under concerning her even while in the Streights upon what was then discovered relating to the Worm putting him upon thoughts had it been practicable of shifting her Garble-strake there The Officers of the Navy are well able to inform your Lordships that notwithstanding all that promised care of Captain Herbert and their own presumptions thereon it will be no small charge to his Majesty to make good the damage she brought home by Worm-eating What then remains after this that has been said and lies so easily within your Lordships proving touching the Imperfections of both these Methods of Sheathing Ships with Wood and exposing them to Sea without any Sheathing at all but the waiting for some Fourth not yet heard of or continuing this Third under debate of Sheathing with Lead to which nothing is so much as pretended to in Objection by the Officers of the Navy themselves but this of its supposed

At the Court at White-Hall Decemb. 22. 1682. Present The KING 's most Excellent Majesty in Council IT is this day Ordered by his Majesty in Council that the whole Matter contained in the Report of the Officers of the Navy to the Right Honourable the Commissioners of the Admiralty this day read at the Board and the Answer thereto from Sir Philip Howard and Company relating to the Sheathing his Majesty's Ships with Lead together with the other Paper then also delivered and read from the Officers of the Navy and what new Matter was further mentioned by them in Discourse upon the same Subject be Referred to the said Commissioners for executing the Office of Lord High Admiral of England who upon the full and distinct Examination of the same and Hearing of all Persons concerned therein are to make their Report upon each Article thereof in Writing to this Board with particular regard had therein to the shewing the differences of Charge that has attended his Majesty whether in Iron-work or otherwise upon the Hulls and Rudders of the several Ships that have been sheathed with Lead and those that within the same time have been either Sheathed with Wood or sent to Sea Vnsheathed And if upon Examination it shall appear that Lead-sheathed●ships do sustain greater damage in their Iron-works than those Sheathed with Wood or Not Sheathed at all what the same is truly to be imputed to whether to their Lead Nails or what other Cause In all which the said Commissioners are to report to this Board the Truth of the Fact as the same shall upon Examination appear to them with their Opinion touching the same and what upon the whole Matter may be most for His Majesty's Service to be done therein with relation to the ceasing or continuing the said Method of Sheathing Francis Gwyn Hereupon Sir Philip Howard and Company further applyed themselves to the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty in their humble Memorial following viz. To the Right Honourable The LORDS His MAJESTY's Commissioners For executing the Office of Lord High Admiral of England The Humble MEMORIAL of Sir Philip Howard and Company Interested in the Manufacture and Invention OF Milled-Lead Shewing THat His Majesty and my Lords of the Council having out of the same Consideration of its Importance to the King which led your Lordships first to the laying it before them been pleased by their Order of 22 Decemb. last to Referr back to your Lordships the Business in Controversie between the Officers of the Navy and this Company touching Lead-sheathing These are humbly to acquaint your Lordships that as we are and shall at all times be ready to answer any Commands which you shall think fit to direct to this Company in relation thereto so do we hold our selves bound in Right no less to his Majesty and your Lordships than our selves to remove a Prejudice which the said Officers did lately offer at the raising before his Majesty in Council against what we had then and may yet have further Occasion of saying in this Debate by a suggestion of our being governed by Considerations of Self-interest while themselves would be thought removed above all suspicion of any other End herein than that of His Majesties Service In Answer whereto we shall only crave leave to say That as to that Uninterestedness so pretended to by them it is too manifest that their obtaining from your Lordships a suddain Condemnation of this Method of Lead-sheathing is the only Expedient they have for preventing the Effects of that Enquiry which the Wisdom of His Majesty and the Lords of the Council have been so pleased to recommend to your Lordships into the particulars of our Answer leading your Lordships to the several Failures in Duty and breach of Orders reflected on them by us in relation to this Affair and the Prejudices sustained therefrom by his Majesty And for what concerns the Self-interest suggested to lye on our side we shall only Note 1. That under all the Discouragements and Oppositions our Invention has for twelve Years together been treated with by them we never have given them nor our selves the trouble of making one Complaint to his Majesty or your Lordships concerning them saving what has been extorted from us in our necessary Reply to their late Report to your Honourable Board on this Subject nor in the whole four Years last past wherein they have for ought appears both without and contratrary to Order taken upon them the Exercising even that which is the very Matter of the present Controversie namely the Adviseableness of laying aside the use of Lead-sheathing have we ever made one Application to them for removing or so much as enquiring into the Rea●on on their so doing 2. That had there been the least sollicitude on our parts after our private benefit it would have easily prompted us to a much greater reservedness of Style than your Lordships find us using on this occasion towards the said Officers upon whose good-will alone the success of ours and all other Contracts with the Navy is well known wholly to depend Nor does this Company need to appeal to any other Evidence than your selves for the Fidelity of their Proceeding in this Matter towards His Majesty in preference to any thoughts of private Advantage after that Declaration under our Hands wherewith we Prefaced our very first Paper to your Lordships on this Occasion not only of our Consent but Desires that No Considerations relating to the Interest or Right of this Company might stand in the way of whatsoever His Majesty and your Lordships should think most for his Service to determine concerning it 3. That besides the many other Advantages arising to His Majesty from this Invention the saving of his Treasure will we doubt not in your Enquiry be found concerned in a no less Degree than that of 60 l. or a much greater summe per Cent. through the whole of his Expence of Lead-sheathing compared with that of Wood or sending Ships to Sea Unsheathed Upon which Consideration and of the good Husbandry the present State of his Majesty's Treasure seems in so particular a measure at this time to call for as also for our fuller Discharge against the Consequences of any Mistake that may attend the issue of a Debate of such Importance to the Royal Navy of England We do on his Majesty's-behalf humbly pray and must take leave to insist upon with your Lordships not only that the Contents of our late Reply in this Cause may receive your due Construction and Examination with respect to what we have therein and do still assert touching the True Causes and Remedy of the Evil in Controversie about Ships Iron-works But that whatsoever your Lordships shall in Order to his Majesty's Service which alone we again desire your having any regard to find Cause of requiring further from the said Officers on this Subject may be mutually transacted between us in Writing and not otherwise In which we shall

with the Nature and Custom of the Wind off at Sea thô at Land its wanderings are not altogether so sensible we may easily believe seeing so plain a reason for it that there will be a playing of the Tide too and fro and several Floods and Ebbs succeeding one another in a few hours space My Sentiments in this place are those of the Author of Britannia Baconica It was the Praediction of Campanella that Venice should at last be destroy'd by Oblimation that is by the Sullage of its Waters that should spoil their being Navigable And Gryphiander in his Book before mention'd hath a great deal of curious Learning to shew what famous Rivers in the World had been destroy'd by Obstructions He in p. 448. cites Ovid for his Vidi factas ex aequore ●erras He in p. 177. making the three constituent Parts of a River to be Water the Banks and Channel considers the Mutations incident to them all and in p. 460. saith Ravenna Italiae urbs ab Augusto Caesare portu manufacto aucta nunc pro flumine spaciosissimos hortos ostendit malis plena sed de quibus non pendeant vela sed poma Ita Patavij Aquileiae alibi latissima nunc jugera sunt ubi olim classium stationes fuerunt c. Leowerdia Bosswerdia aliaeque Frisiae urbes olim maritimae nunc integro milliari a Mari recesserunt And then speaks of other excellent Harbours there destroy'd by Oblimation or Sullage And in p. 177. he hath a great deal of excellent Learning much to this purpose and saith Quod si perpetua sit fluminum mutatio viderur ipse Deus imperij provinciae terminos mutaros velle qui ob hanc cau●am Moabitis minatur fluvium ipsorum Nimrim exsiccatum iri Ierem. 48. v. 34. Psal. 107. v. 33. Atque hoc experientia confirmat De qu● Lucian in Charon Atque urbes tanquam homines quod magis est admirabile etiam universi Fluvii evanescunt Inachi enim nullum Argis extat vestigium Seneca in Hercul Oetheo Mutetur Orbis vallibus currat Novis Ister novasque Tanais accipiat vias Inde factum cum ex fluminum insolitis mutationibus praesagia sumerentur de mutationibus imperiorum ut flumina ipsa ab Ethnicis pro diis colerentur v. Natal Comit. lib. 1. Mythol 11. Ita Nilus in Aegypto pro Deo cultus De cujus presagiis Seneca l. 4. Nat. quest 2. And there afterward speaks of the changes of the Channel in the Rhine He doth often inculcate that Notion That the administration of the Banks of Rivers is a part of the Regalia and he in p. 436. quotes a great Writer of the Regalia to shew that the Work of the Inspection and Conservacy of them is among the Regalia Sicuti etiam jus retardandi fl●mina ripas muniendi alveumque purgandi And there saith Hinc semper potestas statuendi de aggeribus ad ●uperiores pertinuit Ita Romae remedium coercendo Tyberi ex Senatus consulto Ate●o Capitoni L. Aruntio Mandatum Tacit. 1. Annal. Constitutus est in eum usum certus Magistratus ab Augusto Caesare Sueton. cap. 37. Nempe curator Riparum alvei Tyberis ut inscriptiones veteres habent Lips in Comment ad Annal. Tacit. Tyberius etiam quinqueviros constituit Dio Cass. lib. 37. Quos titulos usurpare ne principes quidem puduit This great part of the Regalia namely the Conservation of all the Royal Rivers of England hath been always by our Kings deposited in the hands of the Lord High Admiral of England and Ireland and the trust thereof is both granted to our Admirals in all their Pattents and is inherent in their Office and in all the Patents of the Viceadmirals of the maritime Countyes in both Realms the Viceadmirals are expresly constituted Conservators of all the Royal Rivers and Ports belonging to those Counties as Mr. Brisband inform'd me upon his having perused the draughts of many Vice-admirals Patents I thereupon asking him whether those Viceadmirals did put their power of being Conservators of the Royal Rivers in execution he told me that upon his having consulted some of the Offices and Officers in the high Court of Admiralty about this very thing he could find no foot-steps of their having minded the Power of such Conservacy That he observ'd them diligent enough in that part of their Office that enabled them to receive several Admiralty Perquisites and Droits of the which they were Collectors for the use of the Admiral and to whom they often gave their accounts about the same but that he never found in the Accounts of their Disbursments any thing inserted of a Penny charge they ever were at in the demolishing any Nusances or removing any Shelfs in the Royal Rivers and that the doing this being a thing of great charge and they having no allowance of any Sallary to support their Office this Work was never expected from them Thus then have Eneroachers took what liberty they pleas'd to make Purprestures on the Royal Rivers in the Countrey and to build Houses thereon as seem'd good in their own eyes and it hath there been as Gryphiander saith p. 522. In Corcyraeos propter impunitatem maleficiorum jocus est apud Eustat in Dionys. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. Libera Corcyra caca ubi velis But the Secretary shewed me how that in the Finalis Concordia of the 18th of February 1632. before the King in Council between the Common-Law Iudges and the Iudge of the Admiralty concerning Prohibitions one Article agreed to was That the Admiral may enquire of and redress all Annoyances and Obstructions in all Navigable Rivers beneath the first Bridges that are any impediments to Navigation or Passage to or from the Sea c. and no Prohibition to be granted in such Case And from the foremen●ion'd Report of the Judge of the Admiralty to the late Commissioners of the Admiralty it is plain that the Lord high Admiral in his high Court of Admiralty here under the eye of the Government hath variously acted in the Conservacy of the River of Thames for thence I noted down what follows viz. It can be made appear by Records in the Court of Admiralty that Licenses have been given by the Lord Admiral for the enlargement of Wharfs and that the said Court hath punish'd Persons for not keeping them in repair and Orders have been made from time to time for the regular lying of Ships by appointing how many shall ride a breast c. and the Report mentions that one was treated with by Persons concern'd in a late Patent that he might be permitted to take in some part of the Shoar to the Low water-mark and that another had de Facto agreed with them for the summe of 20 l. for taking in 80 Foot deep and 100 Foot long of the Shoar I have been by my Council at Law inform'd that he hath seen various late Patents for granting away the Soil of