the_o relation_n between_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n and_o the_o coppyholder_n his_o tenant_n deliver_v in_o the_o learned_a readins_n of_o the_o late_a excellent_a and_o famous_a lawyer_n char._n calthrope_n of_o the_o honourable_a society_n of_o lincolns-inn_n esq_n whereby_o it_o do_v appear_v for_o what_o cause_v a_o coppyholder_n may_v forfeit_v his_o copyhold_n estate_n and_o for_o what_o not_o and_o likewise_o what_o lord_n can_v grant_v a_o copy_n and_o to_o who_o publish_a for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o lord_n of_o manor_n and_o their_o tenant_n non_fw-la magis_fw-la promaenibus_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la servandis_fw-la legibus_fw-la libre_fw-la cives_fw-la pugnare_fw-la debent_fw-la siquidem_fw-la sine_fw-la maenibus_fw-la respublica_fw-la potest_fw-la consistere_fw-la sine_fw-la legibus_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la london_n print_v for_o william_n cook_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n near_o furnivals_n inn_n gate_n in_o holborn_n 1635._o coppy-holds_a the_o first_o lecture_n the_o great_a injury_n which_o be_v offer_v and_o small_a remedy_n which_o be_v use_v in_o case_n of_o coppy-holds_a which_o as_o it_o seem_v do_v grow_v by_o the_o obscure_a knowledge_n what_o law_n &_o custom_n judge_v in_o these_o matter_n of_o copyhold_n move_v i_o to_o show_v some_o part_n of_o my_o travail_n in_o these_o point_n not_o thereby_o to_o animate_v copyhold_n tenant_n which_o will_v by_o too_o much_o advance_v their_o tenure_n pretend_v only_o to_o be_v tenant_n by_o custom_n and_o not_o tenant_n at_o will_n nor_o to_o encourage_v any_o copyhold_n lord_n which_o can_v by_o too_o much_o abase_v these_o tenor_n pretend_v to_o have_v such_o copyholders_n only_a tenant_n at_o will_n and_o not_o regard_v their_o custom_n but_o to_o prove_v unto_o you_o that_o as_o their_o title_n and_o name_n show_v they_o be_v tenant_n at_o will_n and_o tenant_n by_o custom_n in_o their_o land_n and_o they_o consist_v both_o of_o their_o lord_n will_v and_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n in_o their_o degree_n and_o that_o this_o will_n and_o custom_n be_v contain_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o law_n and_o reason_n according_a to_o such_o rule_n as_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o declare_v first_o i_o will_v show_v what_o a_o copyhold_n be_v then_o whereof_o it_o do_v consist_v and_o what_o estimation_n the_o same_o be_v of_o by_o the_o antiquity_n of_o time_n and_o by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n master_n littleton_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o tewre_n define_v a_o tenant_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n and_o to_o be_v where_o a_o man_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o manor_n in_o which_o be_v a_o custom_n that_o have_v be_v use_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n that_o certain_a tenant_n of_o the_o same_o manor_n have_v use_v to_o have_v certain_a land_n and_o tenement_n to_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n in_o fee_n simple_n fee_n taile_n or_o for_o life_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n after_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o mannonr_n and_o that_o they_o have_v no_o other_o evidence_n but_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o court_n by_o which_o definition_n and_o by_o certain_a other_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n it_o may_v be_v gather_v that_o a_o copyhold_n do_v consist_v of_o these_o six_o principal_a ground_n or_o circumstance_n viz._n first_o there_o must_v be_v a_o manor_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o copyhold_n second_o a_o custom_n for_o the_o allow_v of_o the_o same_o three_o there_o must_v be_v a_o court_n hold_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o copyholders_n four_o there_o must_v be_v a_o lord_n to_o give_v the_o copyhold_n five_o there_o must_v be_v a_o tenant_n of_o capacity_n to_o take_v the_o tenement_n last_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v grant_v which_o must_v be_v such_o as_o be_v grantable_a and_o may_v be_v hold_v of_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o tenure_n but_o first_o before_o i_o speak_v of_o these_o circumstance_n i_o will_v brief_o declare_v unto_o you_o the_o dignity_n and_o estimation_n of_o copyholders_n by_o the_o antiquity_n and_o allowance_n of_o time_n and_o by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n it_o appear_v by_o a_o certain_a book_n entitle_v de_n priscis_fw-la anglor_fw-la legibus_fw-la translate_v out_o of_o saxon_a tongue_n by_o master_n lambert_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n that_o coppy-holds_a be_v long_o before_o the_o conquest_n and_o then_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o bookeland_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o book_n in_o the_o treatise_n de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la &_o verborum_fw-la explicatione_n and_o by_o master_n bracton_n a_o ancient_a writer_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n who_o in_o his_o book_n write_v divers_a precedent_n and_o record_n of_o king_n henry_n of_o allowance_n copi-holders_n or_o customary_a tenant_n that_o do_v their_o due_a service_n the_o lord_n may_v not_o expel_v they_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o latter_a judge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o 4._o and_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o it_o appear_v by_o master_n fitz-herberts_n abridgement_n they_o be_v prefer_v by_o a_o special_a writ_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o the_o lord_n thereby_o compel_v to_o do_v right_a and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o tenant_n by_o the_o verge_n which_o be_v the_o same_o in_o nature_n as_o copy-holders_n be_v be_v allow_v by_o the_o name_n of_o sokemaine_v in_o franktenure_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n 7._o be_v allow_v and_o of_o the_o king_n for_o defence_n of_o their_o estate_n so_o that_o in_o every_o king_n time_n copy-holders_n have_n have_v their_o allowance_n according_a to_o their_o nature_n unto_o this_o time_n present_a wherein_o our_o justice_n be_v of_o opinion_n as_o the_o say_v grave_a sage_n have_v be_v in_o time_n past_a now_o i_o will_v further_o proceed_v in_o some_o particular_a use_n of_o these_o tenor_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o because_o i_o find_v none_o that_o do_v so_o much_o deface_v the_o estimation_n of_o copy-holders_n as_o master_n fitz_n herbert_n do_v in_o his_o writ_n derecto_fw-la clauso_fw-la i_o will_v begin_v with_o his_o word_n and_o judgement_n in_o the_o same_o and_o proceed_v to_o other_o authority_n master_n fitz-herbert_n say_v that_o this_o term_n coppi-holders_n be_v but_o a_o new_a term_n new_o find_v out_o &_o that_o in_o old_a time_n they_o be_v call_v tenant_n in_o uilenage_n or_o base_a tenure_n and_o this_o say_v he_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o old_a tenor_n for_o no_o copyholders_n be_v there_o speak_v of_o although_o there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n such_o tenant_n but_o than_o say_v they_o be_v call_v tennat_n in_o vilenage_n and_o say_v as_o appear_v 44._o henry_n 4._o if_o a_o false_a judgement_n be_v give_v against_o they_o in_o the_o lord_n court_n they_o shall_v have_v no_o remedy_n but_o sue_v to_o their_o lord_n by_o petition_n because_o to_o hold_v by_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n which_o be_v as_o he_o say_v base_a tenure_n be_v to_o hold_v in_o villeinage_n which_o say_v opinion_n of_o fitz-herbert_n have_v be_v by_o divers_a wrest_v to_o make_v no_o diversity_n between_o tenure_n in_o villeinage_n and_o tenure_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n or_o base_a tenure_n wherein_o whatsoever_o interpretation_n may_v be_v make_v master_n fitz_n herbert_n meaning_n be_v very_o plain_a and_o the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a tenor_n be_v to_o be_v far_o otherwise_o understand_v as_o also_o i_o suppose_v all_o other_o authority_n in_o our_o law_n do_v make_v and_o appoint_v difference_n between_o the_o tenor_n and_o first_o touch_v the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a tenor_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o book_n make_v a_o plain_a distinction_n between_o tenure_n in_o villeinage_n and_o tenure_n in_o fee_n base_a which_o be_v understand_v this_o tenure_n by_o copyhold_n and_o call_v it_o a_o fee_n although_o a_o base_a fee_n and_o make_v diverse_a distinction_n between_o they_o and_o say_v that_o the_o tenant_n in_o villeinage_n must_v do_v all_o such_o thing_n as_o their_o lord_n will_v command_v they_o but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v of_o the_o tenant_n in_o base_a fee_n and_o this_o it_o seem_v the_o say_a book_n of_o old_a tenure_n to_o be_v by_o mr._n fitzherbert_n mis-recited_n which_o i_o be_o the_o bold_a to_o affirm_v save_v the_o due_a reverence_n to_o his_o learning_n because_o one_o mr._n thornton_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n a_o man_n very_o learned_a in_o his_o late_a read_n there_o upon_o the_o statute_n of_o forger_n fact_n speak_v of_o forge_v court_n roles_n do_v plain_o affirm_v the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a tenor_n to_o be_v mistake_v by_o mr._n fitzherbert_n in_o this_o point_n and_o beside_o for_o the_o further_a credit_n of_o coppy-holds_a we_o ought_v to_o consider_v the_o great_a authority_n of_o mr._n littleton_n who_o among_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o tenor_n do_v make_v a_o
custom_n to_o maintain_v copyholders_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o although_o a_o manor_n of_o his_o proper_a aught_o to_o consist_v of_o demean_n and_o service_n yet_o in_o some_o case_n that_o may_v be_v a_o manor_n and_o maintain_v copyholders_n and_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr by_o usage_n and_o custom_n which_o otherwise_o by_o common_a law_n be_v no_o manor_n nor_o can_v so_o be_v call_v etc._n etc._n a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o manor_n whereunto_o be_v divers_a free_a tenant_n divers_a copyholders_n and_o divers_a special_a customary_a tenant_n and_o the_o customary_a tenant_n do_v hold_v to_o give_v attendance_n on_o the_o free_a holder_n at_o the_o lord_n court_n all_o the_o free_a tenant_n die_v save_v one_o the_o lord_n do_v bargain_n and_o sell_v the_o manor_n to_o a_o estranger_fw-fr this_o be_v now_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o free_a tenement_n a_o tenure_n and_o no_o manor_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o copyholders_n both_o a_o manor_n and_o tenure_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o customary_a tenement_n neither_o manor_n nor_o tenure_n if_o divers_a do_v hold_v land_n to_o dine_v with_o the_o lord_n every_o sunday_n in_o the_o year_n this_o make_v neither_o good_a tenure_n nor_o manor_n but_o if_o they_o hold_v to_o wait_v on_o the_o lord_n every_o sunday_n at_o dinner_n and_o to_o dine_v with_o he_o this_o make_v a_o good_a service_n but_o no_o good_a tenure_n if_o divers_a do_v hold_v land_n by_o copy_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o d._n and_o so_o have_v do_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o by_o the_o like_a time_n there_o have_v be_v no_o free_a holder_n to_o the_o say_a manor_n although_o this_o be_v no_o manor_n in_o his_o proper_a nature_n yet_o by_o usage_n it_o be_v a_o good_a manor_n to_o maintain_v coppy-holds_a a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o manor_n which_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o s._n and_o do_v demise_n the_o same_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o s._n this_o be_v good_a if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o manor_n whereto_o be_v six_o free_a holder_n and_o six_o villain_n regardant_o the_o six_o free_a holder_n dye_n have_v issue_n six_o daughter_n the_o villain_n enterrary_a with_o they_o yet_o the_o same_o be_v a_o manor_n and_o the_o villain_n thereto_o regardant_a if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o manor_n whereto_o he_o have_v leet_n and_o wreck_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o prescription_n all_o the_o tenancye_n escheat_n yet_o the_o leete_n and_o the_o wreck_n still_o remain_v and_o it_o be_v a_o manor_n to_o that_o purpose_n if_o divers_a do_v hold_v land_n by_o prescription_n to_o find_v the_o lord_n man_n meat_n and_o hound_n meat_n when_o he_o come_v to_o hunt_v the_o fox_n in_o the_o say_a land_n this_o make_v a_o good_a tenure_n but_o no_o good_a manor_n if_o divers_a do_v hold_v land_n to_o do_v suit_n and_o service_n at_o the_o lord_n court_n this_o be_v most_o proper_o such_o service_n as_o make_v a_o manor_n but_o if_o it_o be_v to_o do_v suit_n and_o service_n at_o the_o lord_n couri_n when_o it_o please_v themselves_o this_o be_v neither_o manor_n nor_o tenure_n if_o divers_a do_v hold_v land_n to_o repair_v a_o high_a way_n within_o a_o mile_n compass_n without_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n this_o make_v a_o good_a tenure_n but_o no_o manor_n but_o to_o repair_v or_o mend_v the_o way_n within_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o manor_n be_v good_a to_o enlarge_v the_o manor_n if_o divers_a do_v hold_v land_n to_o pray_v for_o the_o prosperous_a estate_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o heir_n this_o make_v a_o tenure_n but_o no_o good_a manor_n if_o divers_a do_v hold_v land_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o wait_v upon_o he_o at_o twenty_o day_n warning_n twenty_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o manor_n this_o make_v a_o good_a service_n but_o no_o good_a tenure_n but_o if_o it_o be_v to_o wait_v upon_o the_o lord_n within_o the_o say_a manor_n by_o certain_a space_n this_o make_v both_o a_o good_a tenure_n and_o a_o good_a manor_n if_o divers_a hold_n land_n to_o beat_v or_o kill_v the_o lord_n tenant_n that_o shall_v do_v trespass_n on_o the_o lord_n demesne_n this_o be_v neither_o good_a tenure_n nor_o good_a manor_n but_o if_o it_o be_v to_o beat_v and_o kill_v the_o king_n enemy_n that_o shall_v do_v so_o this_o make_v both_o a_o good_a tenure_n and_o a_o good_a manor_n if_o divers_n hold_v land_n by_o prescription_n to_o do_v service_n to_o the_o lord_n to_o his_o court_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n twenty_o mile_n distant_a at_o a_o place_n certain_a this_o be_v both_o a_o good_a tenure_n and_o a_o good_a manor_n but_o if_o it_o be_v to_o do_v service_n to_o his_o court_n at_o another_o manor_n this_o without_o prescription_n can_v be_v severance_n from_o the_o first_o manor_n if_o divers_n do_v hold_v to_o come_v to_o the_o lord_n court_n and_o there_o to_o do_v nothing_o this_o make_v neither_o good_a tenure_n nor_o good_a manor_n but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o court_n though_o not_o to_o be_v of_o the_o homage_n yet_o to_o offer_v amersement_n or_o make_v certificate_n or_o any_o other_o service_n to_o the_o lord_n this_o make_v a_o good_a tenure_n and_o a_o manor_n if_o any_o do_v hold_v land_n to_o do_v divine_a service_n before_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o tenant_n in_o the_o court-house_n before_o the_o begin_n of_o every_o court_n this_o make_v both_o a_o good_a tenure_n and_o a_o good_a manor_n what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o good_a custom_n to_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v coppy-holds_a a_o custom_n to_o make_v a_o copyhold_n must_v be_v of_o necessity_n in_o the_o same_o manor_n where_o the_o say_v coppy-holds_a be_v so_o grant_v viz._n that_o the_o same_o land_n be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v only_o demise_v and_o demisable_v by_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n for_o otherwise_o the_o lord_n can_v grant_v it_o by_o copy_n because_o he_o can_v begin_v a_o custom_n at_o this_o day_n but_o if_o it_o have_v be_v by_o like_a time_n grant_v by_o copy_n though_o since_o it_o come_v to_o the_o lord_n hand_n yet_o if_o the_o lord_n never_o demise_n the_o same_o by_o free_a deed_n nor_o otherwise_o but_o by_o copy_n than_o he_o may_v well_o grant_v again_o the_o same_o by_o copy_n for_o it_o be_v neither_o the_o person_n of_o the_o lord_n nor_o the_o occupation_n of_o the_o land_n that_o either_o make_v or_o mar_v the_o copyhold_n but_o only_o the_o usage_n and_o manner_n of_o demise_v the_o same_o for_o the_o prescription_n of_o a_o coppyholder_n consist_v neither_o in_o the_o land_n nor_o in_o the_o occupier_n but_o only_o in_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o demise_a the_o division_n of_o custom_n viz._n custom_n prescription_n usage_n and_o limitation_n these_o four_o though_o they_o be_v in_o some_o confound_v custom_n together_o and_o indeed_o be_v of_o great_a affinity_n yet_o there_o be_v divers_a difference_n in_o their_o several_a nature_n between_o they_o custom_n be_v where_o by_o continuance_n of_o time_n a_o right_n be_v obtain_v concern_v divers_a person_n in_o common_a prescription_n be_v where_o by_o continuance_n of_o time_n one_o particular_a person_n obtain_v right_o against_o a_o other_o usage_n be_v by_o continuance_n of_o time_n the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o they_o both_o limitation_n be_v where_o a_o right_n may_v be_v obtain_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o non_fw-fr claim_n by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o year_n differ_v in_o the_o account_v of_o time_n from_o custom_n and_o prescription_n but_o what_o measure_n of_o time_n shall_v make_v a_o custom_n divers_a have_v differ_v in_o opinion_n some_o judge_v the_o same_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o computation_n of_o year_n from_o the_o time_n of_o k._n ed._n 1._o until_o the_o statute_n of_o m._n 1._o which_o appoint_v the_o limitation_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n the_o account_n of_o which_o time_n unto_o the_o say_a statute_n from_o the_o say_v k._n time_n be_v 76._o year_n other_o have_v think_v a_o hundred_o year_n make_v a_o prescription_n because_o in_o old_a time_n a_o hundred_o year_n be_v account_v a_o fee_n simple_a but_o the_o true_a measure_n thereof_o according_a to_o master_n littleton_n rule_n be_v where_o a_o custom_n or_o usage_n or_o other_o thing_n have_v be_v use_v so_o long_o as_o man_n memory_n can_v remember_v the_o contrary_n that_o be_v when_o such_o matter_n be_v plead_v that_o no_o man_n then_o in_o life_n have_v not_o hear_v any_o thing_n nor_o know_v any_o proof_n to_o the_o contrary_n and_o by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o custom_n and_o prescription_n rest_v only_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n &_o limitation_n consist_v only_o of_o a_o certain_a time_n which_o have_v a_o
prescription_n must_v be_v according_a behon_n to_o common_a right_n that_o be_v to_o prescribe_v that_o be_v to_o have_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v their_o right_n and_o reasonto_fw-mi have_v and_o not_o by_o custom_n of_o prescription_n to_o claim_v thing_n by_o way_n of_o extortion_n or_o thereby_o to_o exact_v fine_n of_o other_o thing_n of_o his_o tenant_n without_o good_a cause_n or_o consideration_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v of_o every_o of_o his_o copyholders_n for_o every_o court_n that_o shall_v be_v keep_v upon_o the_o manor_n a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n this_o be_v no_o prescription_n according_a to_o common_a right_n because_o he_o ought_v for_o justice_n sake_n to_o do_v it_o gratis_o and_o so_o it_o be_v if_o the_o sheriff_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a fee_n for_o keep_v his_o turn_n this_o be_v not_o a_o good_a prescription_n but_o if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a fee_n of_o his_o tenant_n for_o any_o extraordinary_a court_n purchase_v only_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o one_o tenant_n as_o for_o one_o tenant_n to_o take_v his_o copyhold_n or_o such_o like_a this_o be_v a_o good_a prescription_n according_a to_o the_o common_a right_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v have_v of_o any_o of_o his_o tenant_n 17._o that_o shall_v commit_v a_o pound_n breach_n a_o hundred_o shilling_n for_o a_o fine_a this_o be_v good_a prescription_n but_o to_o challenge_v of_o every_o strange_a that_o shall_v commit_v a_o pound_n breach_n a_o hundred_o shilling_n this_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v that_o every_o of_o his_o copyholder_n within_o his_o manor_n that_o shall_v marry_v his_o daughter_n without_o licence_n shall_v pay_v a_o fine_a to_o the_o lord_n this_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n according_a to_o common_a right_n that_o a_o custom_n must_v be_v upon_o a_o good_a consideration_n and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v such_o a_o custom_n and_o what_o not_o consideration_n be_v a_o great_a effect_n in_o all_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o have_v as_o great_a a_o a_o operation_n as_o any_o one_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o law_n for_o in_o most_o cause_n it_o only_o guide_v and_o direct_v right_n property_n use_n and_o estate_n sometime_o according_a to_o the_o limitation_n and_o sometime_o contrary_a to_o the_o limitation_n as_o well_o in_o case_n of_o custom_n as_o in_o case_n of_o common_a law_n for_o consideration_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o all_o custom_n the_o ground_n of_o all_o use_n the_o reason_n of_o all_o right_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o duty_n for_o without_o consideration_n no_o custom_n can_v have_v continuance_n nothing_o be_v wrought_v by_o any_o conveyance_n no_o interest_n transfer_v no_o right_n remove_v no_o property_n change_v nor_o duty_n accrue_v as_o if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n will_v prescribe_v that_o whosoever_o pass_v the_o king_n high_a way_n which_o lie_v through_o his_o manor_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n twelvepence_n for_o his_o passage_n this_o prescription_n be_v not_o upon_o good_a consideration_n but_o if_o he_o prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o penny_n of_o every_o one_o that_o pass_v over_o such_o a_o bridge_n which_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n do_v use_v to_o repair_v this_o be_v good_a prescription_n upon_o good_a consideration_n if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o fine_a at_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o copyhold_n tenant_n in_o which_o the_o custom_n do_v not_o admit_v the_o husband_n to_o be_v tenant_n by_o courtesy_n nor_o the_o wife_n to_o be_v tenant_n in_o dowry_n or_o have_v her_o widow_n estate_n the_o prescription_n of_o such_o a_o fine_a be_v not_o good_a but_o in_o such_o manor_n where_o the_o custom_n do_v admit_v such_o particular_a estate_n there_o a_o prescription_n for_o a_o fine_a at_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o copyholders_n be_v upon_o good_a consideration_n if_o a_o copyhold_n surrender_v his_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n so_o long_o as_o i_o s._n shall_v serve_v he_o in_o such_o a_o office_n if_o i_o s._n refuse_v to_o serve_v his_o estate_n do_v cease_v if_o a_o coppyholder_n do_v surrender_v his_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o stranger_n in_o consideration_n that_o the_o same_o stranger_n shall_v marry_v his_o daughter_n before_o such_o a_o day_n if_o the_o marriage_n succeed_v not_o the_o stranger_n take_v nothing_o by_o the_o surrenderer_n but_o if_o the_o surrender_n be_v in_o consideration_n that_o the_o stranger_n shall_v pay_v such_o sum_n of_o money_n at_o such_o a_o day_n though_o the_o money_n be_v not_o pay_v yet_o the_o surrenderer_n stand_v good_a if_o the_o coppyholder_n in_o consideration_n of_o twenty_o pound_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o i._o s._n do_v make_v a_o surrender_n of_o his_o land_n to_o n._n r._n this_o surrender_n be_v to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n because_o of_o the_o consideration_n express_v in_o the_o copy_n and_o not_o to_o the_o use_n of_o n._n r._n but_o if_o in_o the_o copy_n the_o use_n be_v express_v to_o n._n r._n and_o no_o consideration_n mention_v the_o use_n express_v shall_v stand_v against_o any_o consideration_n to_o be_v aver_v that_o a_o custom_n mu_o be_v compulsary_a and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v such_o a_o custom_n and_o what_o not_o custom_n or_o law_n must_v be_v compulsary_a and_o not_o at_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o man_n whether_o he_o will_v perform_v it_o or_o not_o for_o than_o it_o be_v of_o no_o force_n for_o all_o custom_n and_o law_n have_v their_o effect_n in_o two_o point_n that_o be_v in_o bid_v that_o which_o be_v just_a and_o in_o forbid_v the_o contrary_a so_o that_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v refrainer_n of_o liberty_n and_o do_v demand_v execution_n of_o justice_n not_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v have_v or_o do_v what_o they_o will_v but_o that_o which_o by_o justice_n they_o ought_v whereunto_o by_o duty_n of_o law_n and_o custom_n he_o be_v compellable_n for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v voluntary_a in_o he_o which_o be_v to_o the_o infringe_n of_o the_o law_n and_o good_a order_n as_o the_o poet_n oderunt_fw-la peccare_fw-la boni_fw-la virtutis_fw-la amore_fw-la oderunt_fw-la peccare_fw-la mali_fw-la formidine_fw-la poenae_fw-la if_o the_o lord_n will_v prescribe_v that_o every_o of_o his_o tenant_n shall_v give_v he_o ten_o shilling_n a_o month_n to_o bear_v charge_n in_o time_n of_o war_n this_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n but_o to_o prescribe_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o pay_v ten_o shilling_n a_o month_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v good_a for_o payment_n be_v compulsary_a but_o gift_n be_v voluntary_a if_o a_o coppyholder_n do_v surrender_v his_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o s._n so_o that_o the_o say_v i._o s._n do_v pay_v he_o twenty_o pound_n at_o such_o a_o day_n if_o i._o s._n please_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o this_o be_v a_o absolute_a surrender_n and_o not_o conditional_a because_o the_o compulsary_a but_o many_o custom_n there_o be_v which_o at_o the_o beginning_n be_v voluntary_a and_o now_o by_o continuance_n be_v grow_v compulsary_a according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n quae_fw-la initio_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la ex_fw-la post_fw-la fact_n fuerint_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la which_o also_o agree_v with_o the_o common-law_n in_o many_o case_n as_o i_o have_v partly_o touch_v before_o that_o a_o custom_n mu_o be_v without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o king_n and_o by_o what_o prescription_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v bind_v and_o what_o not_o the_o king_n have_v that_o prerogative_n over_o his_o subject_n that_o he_o be_v not_o tie_v to_o time_n as_o a_o common_a person_n be_v for_o though_o a_o common_a person_n may_v loose_v his_o right_n by_o non_fw-fr claim_n within_o a_o certain_a time_n the_o king_n right_o be_v still_o to_o be_v preserve_v for_o nullum_fw-la tempus_fw-la occurrit_fw-la regi_fw-la yet_o in_o special_a case_n where_o the_o king_n be_v not_o entitle_v against_o such_o prescription_n by_o matter_n of_o record_n there_o such_o custom_n shall_v bind_v the_o king_n as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o coppyholder_n prescribe_v that_o he_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o copy_n this_o be_v good_a and_o by_o fine_a certain_a and_o not_o arbitrable_a to_o have_v waife_n and_o stray_v and_o wreck_n but_o not_o cattalla_n feloni_fw-la fugitorum_fw-la and_o utlagatorum_fw-la without_o charter_n the_o king_n advowson_n shall_v never_o fall_v into_o lapse_n for_o not_o present_v within_o six_o month_n that_o a_o custom_n aught_v to_o consist_v of_o perdurablenesse_n of_o estate_n and_o of_o a_o able_a capacity_n to_o those_o former_a part_n whereupon_o i_o have_v declare_v a_o good_a custom_n to_o consist_v may_v be_v add_v to_o either_o part_n viz._n that_o he_o which_o will_v claim_v by_o custom_n must_v have_v a_o sufficient_a and_o perdurable_a estate_n to_o prescribe_v and_o also_o in_o his_o own_o
make_v this_o good_a if_o ordinance_n or_o by_o law_n be_v new_o make_v and_o record_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o court_n if_o the_o court_n roles_n be_v lose_v the_o by_o law_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v any_o ancient_a custom_n or_o privilege_n by_o prescription_n not_o enter_v in_o the_o roll_n etc._n etc._n though_o the_o roll_n be_v lose_v yet_o they_o remain_v good_a who_o shall_v be_v say_v such_o a_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n as_o have_v power_n to_o grant_v a_o copyhold_n a_o lord_n to_o grant_v or_o allow_v a_o copyhold_n must_v be_v such_o a_o one_o as_o by_o littleton_n definition_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o manor_n so_o that_o he_o must_v be_v in_o possession_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n for_o although_o he_o have_v good_a right_n and_o title_n yet_o if_o he_o be_v not_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o manor_n it_o will_v not_o serve_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o he_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o manor_n though_o he_o have_v neither_o right_a nor_o title_n thereunto_o yet_o in_o many_o case_n the_o grant_n and_o allowance_n of_o such_o a_o copy_n be_v good_a as_o donus_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la deiure_fw-la and_o in_o some_o case_n a_o copyhold_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v good_a according_a to_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o lord_n that_o grant_v the_o same_o and_o in_o some_o case_n shall_v continue_v good_a for_o a_o long_a time_n than_o the_o estate_n of_o grant_a be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n but_o that_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o case_n of_o necessity_n otherwise_o it_o will_v not_o be_v allow_v if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o manor_n in_o which_o be_v divers_a coppy-holds_a demisable_v for_o life_n be_v disease_v and_o the_o desessor_n grant_v a_o copyhold_n be_v void_a for_o three_o life_n this_o be_v not_o good_a to_o bind_v the_o desseased_a otherwise_o it_o be_v of_o a_o copyhold_n of_o inheritance_n because_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o admit_v the_o next_o heir_n if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o title_n to_o enter_v into_o a_o manor_n for_o a_o condition_n break_v and_o he_o grant_v a_o copyhold_n of_o the_o same_o manor_n be_v void_a at_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr this_o be_v a_o good_a grant_n for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o court_n amount_v to_o a_o entre_fw-fr in_o the_o manor_n a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o manor_n for_o life_n whereunto_o bee_n copyhold_n inheritance_n belong_v and_o one_o coppyholder_n surrender_v to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o stranger_n in_o fee_n the_o lord_n may_v grant_v this_o in_o fee_n and_o this_o grant_n shall_v bind_v he_o in_o the_o reversion_n but_o the_o coppy-holds_a be_v demisable_v for_o life_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o than_o he_o can_v upon_o surrender_v grant_v the_o same_o long_o than_o the_o life_n of_o the_o grantor_n but_o if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n for_o year_n or_o during_o the_o minority_n of_o a_o ward_n of_o which_o the_o coppy-holds_a be_v demisable_v for_o three_o life_n successive_o and_o not_o serve_o in_o this_o case_n if_o the_o coppyholder_n die_v the_o lord_n may_v grant_v the_o same_o be_v void_a for_o three_o life_n at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o this_o shall_v bind_v he_o in_o the_o reversion_n or_o the_o heir_n at_o his_o full_a age_n who_o shall_v be_v say_v such_o a_o tenant_n as_o may_v be_v a_o coppyholder_n although_o there_o seem_v some_o show_n of_o difference_n between_o copyholders_n and_o customary_a tenant_n yet_o differ_v not_o they_o so_o much_o in_o nature_n as_o in_o name_n for_o although_o some_o be_v call_v copyholders_n some_o customary_a some_o tenant_n by_o the_o virg_n some_o base_a tenant_n some_o bind_v tenant_n and_o some_o by_o one_o name_n and_o some_o by_o another_o yet_o do_v they_o all_o agree_v in_o substance_n and_o kind_n of_o tenure_n though_o differ_v in_o some_o ceremony_n and_o kind_n of_o serve_v and_o therefore_o the_o name_n be_v not_o the_o matter_n but_o the_o tenure_n he_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o person_n sufficient_a to_o 301_o be_v a_o coppyholder_n who_o be_v of_o himself_o able_a or_o by_o a_o other_o to_o do_v the_o service_n of_o a_o coppyholder_n as_o a_o infant_n may_v be_v a_o coppyholder_n for_o his_o garden_n and_o prochein_o any_o may_v do_v the_o service_n so_o may_v a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n and_o her_o husband_n shall_v do_v the_o service_n but_o a_o lunatic_n or_o idiot_n can_v be_v a_o coppyholder_n because_o they_o can_v do_v the_o service_n themselves_o nor_o depute_v any_o other_o and_o the_o lord_n shall_v retain_v the_o copyhold_n of_o a_o idiot_n and_o not_o the_o queen_n a_o bondman_n or_o alien_n bear_a may_v be_v a_o coppyholder_n and_o the_o king_n or_o lord_n can_v seize_v the_o same_o but_o a_o man_n can_v be_v a_o coppyholder_n unto_o a_o manor_n whereof_o he_o himself_o be_v lord_n although_o he_o be_v but_o dominus_fw-la pro_fw-la termino_fw-la annorum_fw-la or_o in_o jureuxoris_fw-la what_o shall_v be_v say_v such_o land_n or_o other_o thing_n as_o demisable_v by_o copy_n and_o may_v be_v hold_v by_o copy_n it_o may_v be_v say_v of_o copyhold_n land_n as_o be_v afore_o say_v of_o the_o tenant_n they_o may_v differ_v in_o name_n but_o not_o in_o nature_n as_o some_o call_v copyhold_n land_n some_o customary_a land_n some_o bind_v land_n some_o base_a land_n some_o ancient_a land_n some_o demean_v land_n some_o increase_n land_n some_o mollendes_n some_o waste_a land_n some_o work_n land_n some_o loose_a land_n and_o some_o verge_n land_n and_o although_o copyhold_n land_n be_v special_o so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o copdy_n of_o court_n role_n customary_a land_n because_o of_o some_o special_a custom_n bond_n land_n because_o of_o the_o bond_n tenure_n base_a land_n because_o of_o base_a tenure_n ancient_a land_n because_o of_o the_o old_a demise_n demean_v land_n because_o of_o its_o new_a demise_n and_o late_o be_v the_o lord_n own_o manor_n increase_v land_n because_o it_o be_v late_o purchase_v and_o lay_v to_o the_o manor_n mollands_n because_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o easy_a rent_n or_o no_o rent_n at_o all_o waste_v land_n because_o it_o have_v be_v late_o approve_v out_o of_o the_o waste_n of_o the_o manor_n work_v land_n such_o as_o have_v common_a appendant_a belong_v to_o it_o lose_v land_n because_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o uncertainty_n rent_n and_o verge_n land_n because_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o veirge_n yet_o all_o the_o say_a land_n be_v hold_v in_o one_o general_a kind_n that_o be_v by_o custom_n and_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o their_o diversity_n of_o their_o name_n do_v not_o alter_v the_o nature_n of_o their_o tenure_n it_o seem_v by_o littleton_n that_o only_a land_n and_o tenement_n be_v demisable_v by_o copy_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n will_v grant_v the_o rend_a charge_n or_o the_o office_n of_o stewardship_n or_o baylewicke_n of_o his_o manor_n by_o copy_n or_o a_o common_a in_o gross_a by_o copy_n these_o be_v not_o good_a grant_n because_o they_o tie_v not_o in_o tenure_n and_o also_o because_o the_o custom_n do_v not_o extend_v unto_o they_o but_o common_a appendent_a to_o a_o tenant_n of_o copyhold_n land_n may_v be_v demise_v with_o the_o tenant_n by_o copy_n demean_v land_n which_o within_o time_n of_o memory_n have_v be_v occupy_v by_o the_o lâ—rd_n himself_o or_o his_o farmour_n be_v not_o good_a to_o â—e_v grant_v by_o copy_n because_o of_o the_o newness_n of_o the_o grant_n yet_o by_o continuance_n of_o time_n it_o may_v be_v good_a copyhold_n when_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o contrary_n be_v wear_v away_o as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o neither_o can_v the_o lord_n that_o grant_v such_o a_o copy_n put_v out_o his_o coppyholder_n during_o his_o life_n that_o grant_v the_o same_o because_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v receive_v to_o disable_v his_o own_o grant_n if_o a_o coppyholder_n do_v surrender_v his_o copyhold_a into_o the_o lord_n hand_n mere_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o lord_n i_o doubt_v whether_o the_o lord_n may_v grant_v this_o again_o by_o copy_n as_o he_o may_v where_o it_o come_v unto_o he_o by_o forfeiture_n or_o by_o escheat_n because_o it_o be_v make_v parcel_n in_o demean_n by_o his_o own_o acceptance_n and_o not_o by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o law_n quaere_fw-la note_v that_o neither_o the_o statute_n of_o west_n 2._o de_fw-la bonis_fw-la conditionalibus_fw-la nor_o any_o other_o statute_n that_o have_v not_o copy_n hold_v name_v in_o it_o do_v extend_v to_o copyhold_n land_n as_o the_o statute_n staple_n 27._o ed._n 3._o nor_o the_o statute_n of_o heresy_n 2._o hen._n 5._o nor_o the_o statute_n of_o will_n 32._o henry_n the_o eight_o nor_o the_o statute_n of_o limitation_n make_v the_o same_o year_n as_o be_v how_o
without_o his_o assent_n and_o perhaps_o it_o be_v not_o agree_v to_o his_o conscience_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o proper_o a_o not_o do_v or_o denial_n to_o do_v his_o duty_n quaere_fw-la if_o there_o be_v 12._o and_o 11._o agree_v and_o the_o twelve_o will_v not_o for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o full_a jury_n pasche_n 20._o eliz._n co._n bank_n ve_fw-la 3._o ed._n 3._o verdict_n 10._o ou_fw-fr 11._o 29._o ed._n 3._o ibid._n 45._o 12_o hen._n 4._o 10._o sherne_a what_o office_n or_o power_n entire_o or_o divide_o the_o lord_n steward_n freeholders_n copyholders_n and_o the_o bailiff_n have_v in_o the_o court_n baron_fw-fr although_o the_o lord_n the_o steward_n the_o freeholders_n the_o copyholders_n and_o the_o bailiff_n of_o every_o manor_n have_v a_o intermix_v and_o joint_a office_n and_o authority_n in_o some_o case_n and_o to_o some_o purpose_n yet_o to_o other_o purpose_n their_o office_n be_v distinct_a and_o divide_v and_o every_o of_o they_o do_v occupy_v several_a place_n person_n and_o part_n the_o lord_n be_v chief_a to_o command_v and_o appoint_v to_o the_o steward_n to_o direct_v and_o record_v the_o free_a holder_n affirre_v and_o judge_v the_o copyholders_n to_o enfirme_v and_o present_a the_o bailiff_n to_o attend_v and_o execute_v etc._n etc._n and_o all_o these_o together_o make_v a_o perfect_a execution_n of_o justice_n and_o judgement_n in_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr and_o without_o all_o these_o a_o court_n baron_n can_v be_v hold_v in_o his_o proper_a nature_n in_o respect_n of_o all_o cause_n belong_v to_o the_o perfect_a jurisdiction_n of_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr and_o yet_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr may_v be_v hold_v by_o use_n and_o custom_n for_o some_o coppyhold_n cause_n though_o it_o want_v one_o of_o the_o say_a party_n viz_o the_o free_a holder_n and_o there_o in_o copyhold_n case_n the_o steward_n do_v supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o judge_n but_o no_o other_o of_o the_o part_n aforesaid_a except_o the_o free_a holder_n can_v be_v miss_v or_o spare_v in_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr but_o to_o make_v some_o more_o particular_a demonstration_n of_o their_o distinct_a authority_n and_o office_n and_o first_o the_o lord_n as_o he_o be_v chief_a in_o place_n so_o be_v he_o in_o authority_n and_o occupy_v three_o several_a rome_n the_o one_o of_o a_o chancellor_n in_o case_n of_o equity_n the_o other_o of_o a_o justice_n in_o a_o matter_n of_o right_n the_o three_o of_o himself_o in_o case_n proper_a and_o particular_a to_o himself_o the_o steward_n do_v occupy_v the_o part_n of_o several_a person_n that_o be_v to_o say_v judge_n and_o order_n in_o case_n of_o copyhold_n and_o also_o a_o minister_n and_o register_n to_o enter_v thing_n into_o the_o court_n roles_n and_o in_o both_o these_o to_o be_v indifferent_a between_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o tenant_n the_o free_a holder_n do_v likewise_o fulfil_v two_o part_n that_o be_v to_o effect_v &_o judge_v amercemetn_n and_o also_o to_o return_v and_o certify_v judgement_n the_o copyholders_n also_o do_v hold_v two_o several_a room_n viz._n to_o inform_v offence_n commit_v against_o the_o lord_n within_o that_o manor_n and_o to_o present_v such_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v give_v charge_n by_o the_o steward_n the_o bailiff_n do_v also_o occupy_v two_o part_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o execute_v the_o process_n and_o commandment_n of_o the_o court_n and_o also_o to_o return_v into_o the_o court_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o same_o process_n 6._o ed._n 6._o bract._n no._n case_n 84._o pli_v 387._o the_o under-steward_n in_o court_n without_o authority_n of_o the_o l._n or_o of_o the_o high-steward_n may_v demise_n copyhold_n &_o it_o be_v a_o good_a grant_n for_o it_o be_v in_o full_a court_n but_o contrary_a it_o be_v if_o it_o be_v out_o of_o court_n quaere_fw-la if_o the_o high_a steward_n without_o authority_n may_v demise_n out_o of_o court_n finis_fw-la lecturae_fw-la calthrop_n a_o coppyholder_n be_v indebt_v do_v surrender_v to_o his_o creditor_n upon_o trust_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n to_o satisfy_v himself_o of_o the_o debt_n and_o then_o to_o be_v surrender_v back_o again_o unto_o he_o and_o after_o the_o debt_n levy_v the_o creditor_n will_v not_o surrender_v whereby_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n the_o tenant_n pursue_v a_o english_a bill_n to_o the_o lord_n in_o his_o court_n by_o which_o the_o trust_n be_v prove_v by_o deposition_n the_o lord_n seize_v the_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o first_o coppyholder_n until_o etc._n etc._n and_o wray_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o may_v well_o so_o do_v for_o he_o have_v no_o other_o remedy_n for_o the_o lord_n can_v imprison_v he_o as_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n may_v do_v and_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o deposition_n be_v good_a though_o some_o do_v doubt_n but_o gawdy_n agree_v but_o he_o say_v that_o the_o lord_n can_v retain_v and_o keep_v the_o land_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v so_o do_v the_o other_o shall_v have_v a_o subpoena_fw-la whereunto_o wray_n agree_v that_o he_o can_v retain_v the_o land_n but_o seize_v it_o and_o grant_v it_o over_o which_o without_o seize_v he_o can_v do_v 25._o eliz._n b._n upon_o the_o motion_n of_o cook_n who_o say_v that_o 14._o hen._n 4._o 39_o and_o fitz._n b._n 1â—_n be_v according_a to_o their_o opinion_n for_o a_o coppyholder_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n not_o false_a judgement_n upon_o a_o judgement_n against_o he_o in_o court_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o he_o shall_v sue_v by_o bill_n and_o thereupon_o the_o lord_n shall_v reseise_v the_o land_n upon_o false_a judgement_n give_v by_o the_o steward_n and_o shall_v make_v restitution_n if_o one_o recover_v a_o debt_n by_o plaint_n in_o court_n baron_n those_o of_o the_o court_n have_v not_o power_n to_o make_v execution_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n of_o the_o defendant_n good_n but_o they_o may_v distrain_v the_o defendant_n and_o after_o the_o judgement_n retain_v the_o distress_n in_o their_o hand_n in_o safeguard_n until_o the_o defendant_n have_v satisfy_v the_o plaintiff_n of_o that_o wherein_o he_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o court_n 46._o hen._n 6._o 17._o see_v the_o book_n of_o entrees_n fol._n 166._o 7._o hen._n 4._o 27._o in_o replevin_v the_o defendant_n say_v that_o one_o edward_n besall_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o droit_n close_o against_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o one_o other_o in_o the_o lord_n court_n in_o ancient_a demean_n and_o declare_v in_o nature_n of_o assize_n and_o it_o be_v find_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o damage_n be_v tax_v whereby_o the_o defendant_n be_v then_o under-bayliffe_n by_o the_o steward_n commandment_n take_v the_o beast_n for_o execution_n of_o the_o damage_n and_o take_v and_o sell_v they_o and_o deliver_v the_o money_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o assize_n this_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n and_o yet_o this_o be_v but_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr and_o folly_n 29._o by_o hull_n a_o man_n recover_v ancient_a demeasne-land_n and_o damage_n in_o a_o court_n of_o ancient_a demean_v the_o bay_a life_n may_v take_v the_o beast_n of_o he_o against_o who_o the_o recovery_n be_v etc._n etc._n for_o execution_n of_o damage_n in_o every_o parcel_n of_o the_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o manor_n although_o that_o land_n be_v frank-fee_n and_o it_o be_v not_o deny_v 22._o assize_n 72._o agree_v with_o 4._o hen._n 6._o mes_fw-fr kitch_n 115._o where_o it_o be_v use_v to_o make_v execution_n by_o levari_fw-la facias_fw-la that_o be_v a_o good_a custom_n 38._o ed._n 3._o custom_n 133._o upon_o a_o recovery_n in_o court_n baron_n the_o defendant_n cattle_n be_v deliver_v in_o execution_n where_o a_o tenant_n by_o copy_n may_v plead_v a_o special_a custom_n which_o be_v only_o proper_a to_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n before_o he_o nine_o eliz._n taverner_n be_v sue_v by_o the_o lord_n cromwell_n for_o that_o he_o have_v commit_v waste_n upon_o his_o copyhold_n he_o plead_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o manwood_n that_o he_o and_o those_o who_o before_o he_o have_v the_o house_n wherein_o he_o dwell_v have_v such_o a_o custom_n by_o prescription_n that_o they_o may_v fell_v timber_n tree_n etc._n etc._n and_o many_o argument_n be_v against_o that_o custom_n in_o as_o much_o as_o other_o tenant_n of_o that_o manor_n have_v not_o such_o a_o custom_n but_o be_v punishable_a and_o have_v forfeit_v their_o land_n for_o such_o waste_n also_o that_o custom_n be_v against_o common_a right_n and_o not_o reasonable_a and_o after_o long_a deliberation_n of_o the_o judge_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o a_o tenant_n may_v plead_v a_o particular_a custom_n as_o if_o one_o prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o way_n in_o the_o lord_n land_n etc._n etc._n and_o 19_o of_o eliz._n one_o prescribe_v that_o he_o &_o those_o of_o that_o tenement_n his_o predecessor_n have_v use_v to_o have_v
common_a of_o estover_n in_o another_o manor_n notwithstanding_o that_o the_o other_o tenant_n have_v not_o such_o a_o custom_n and_o it_o be_v good_a by_o the_o advice_n of_o all_o the_o justice_n where_o the_o tenant_n may_v cut_v down_o tree_n destroy_v house_n by_o custom_n and_o such_o like_a custom_n etc._n etc._n four_o ed_n 6._o justice_n dalisons_n report_v sanders_n and_o divers_a justice_n tenant_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n may_v prescribe_v to_o have_v wood_n grow_v upon_o the_o land_n montague_n there_o be_v such_o a_o custom_n and_o so_o use_v in_o the_o county_n of_o mid._n northland_n and_o other_o place_n browne_n it_o have_v be_v here_o agree_v of_o late_a that_o tenant_n by_o the_o custom_n may_v prescribe_v to_o suffer_v their_o house_n to_o fall_v and_o to_o destroy_v their_o house_n so_o also_o here_o whereby_o this_o be_v a_o good_a custom_n montague_n i_o have_v hear_v a_o fable_n that_o a_o tenant_n by_o the_o custom_n may_v dig_v in_o the_o one_o part_n of_o his_o house_n and_o burn_v the_o other_o part_n by_o the_o custom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v agree_v that_o the_o tenant_n by_o custom_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n against_o the_o lord_n will_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n by_o the_o custom_n why_o then_o may_v they_o not_o by_o the_o custom_n cut_v down_o wood_n sander_n i_o agree_v to_o none_o of_o your_o case_n montague_n sure_o in_o the_o chancery_n it_o will_v be_v overrule_v against_o you_o without_o doubt_n and_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v make_v upon_o it_o where_o and_o how_o tenant_n by_o copy_n may_v make_v a_o jointure_n to_o his_o wife_n of_o the_o same_o land_n a_o stranger_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o right_n against_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n in_o the_o same_o court_n where_o the_o land_n be_v by_o plea_n and_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n do_v appear_v and_o the_o demandant_n do_v count_n against_o they_o and_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n do_v defend_v and_o say_v that_o they_o have_v more_o right_a than_o the_o demander_n and_o offer_v to_o try_v it_o by_o battle_n and_o the_o demander_n and_o tenant_n do_v imparle_v at_o which_o day_n the_o demander_n appear_v and_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n make_v default_n whereby_o final_a judgement_n be_v give_v against_o they_o and_o at_o the_o same_o court_n the_o recoverer_n surrenders_n the_o same_o land_n into_o the_o lord_n hand_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n and_o the_o heiros_fw-la of_o their_o two_o bobodye_n beget_v and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o assurance_n have_v be_v use_v 1._o ed._n 6._o dalisons_n report_v pell_n et_fw-fr hikden_n trin._n 36._o eliz._n rot_v 547._o on_o the_o king_n bench_n tenant_n in_o tail_n the_o 21._o remainder_n in_o fee_n tenant_n in_o tail_n surrenders_n to_o the_o use_n of_o i._o s._n in_o fee_n i._o s._n suffer_v a_o recovery_n and_o vouch_v the_o tenant_n in_o tail_n who_o vouch_v the_o common_a vouchee_n and_o by_o special_a verdict_n it_o be_v find_v that_o there_o be_v never_o any_o recovery_n before_o in_o that_o manner_n and_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o adjudge_v gawâ—y_o and_o clinch_n that_o the_o recovery_n can_v not_o be_v a_o bar_n for_o warranty_n can_v not_o be_v annex_v to_o a_o estate_n at_o will_n also_o he_o shall_v not_o recover_v in_o value_n because_o of_o the_o estate_n at_o will_n fenner_n and_o popham_n chief_a justice_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o that_o warranty_n may_v be_v annex_v to_o copyhold_n land_n though_o it_o be_v a_o estate_n at_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o estate_n in_o fee_n perform_v the_o service_n and_o duty_n the_o law_n will_v account_v they_o tenant_n in_o fee_n also_o recovery_n in_o value_n be_v but_o a_o fiction_n in_o law_n le_fw-fr common_a vouchee_n shall_v be_v account_v to_o have_v the_o land_n in_o value_n of_o the_o copyhold_n within_o the_o manor_n and_o the_o vouchee_n 23._o hen._n 8._o br._n recovery_n in_o value_n 27._o that_o such_o a_o recovery_n be_v use_v in_o ancient_a demean_n upon_o a_o writ_n of_o right_a and_o vourcher_n over_o and_o that_o of_o a_o freehold_n there_o yet_o inquire_v of_o such_o a_o recovery_n upon_o a_o plaint_n there_o of_o land_n of_o base_a tenure_n for_o that_o can_v be_v warrant_v etc._n etc._n but_o in_o the_o common_a bench_n in_o trespass_n entail_n bring_v by_o comb_n against_o pear_n and_o turner_n mich._n 36._o et_fw-la 37._o eliz._n rot._n 14._o bromeley_n britain_n hall_n in_o essex_n tenant_n in_o tail_n of_o a_o copyhold_n suffer_v a_o recovery_n with_o vourcher_n where_o no_o recovery_n be_v before_o the_o lesser_a enter_v by_o the_o court_n that_o can_v be_v but_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o formdone_v in_o discend_a for_o the_o recovery_n in_o court_n baron_n can_v avail_v because_o a_o warranty_n can_v be_v annex_v to_o a_o estate_n which_o be_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n also_o there_o can_v be_v no_o recovery_n in_o value_n first_o because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o recovery_n in_o value_n of_o land_n out_o of_o the_o manor_n and_o the_o coppy-land_n be_v at_o the_o lord_n will_v second_o copyhold_n land_n be_v grant_v by_o copy_n only_o and_o if_o by_o the_o recovery_n the_o tenant_n may_v have_v it_o the_o course_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o seignory_n will_v be_v destroy_v which_o shall_v not_o be_v three_o the_o lord_n shall_v loose_v his_o fine_a and_o fealty_n also_o for_o the_o copy_n be_v admissus_fw-la est_fw-la tenens_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-fr dat._n duo_o the_o fine_a pro_fw-la tali_fw-la ingressu_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la fecit_fw-la fidelitatem_fw-la four_o et_fw-la five_o ph._n et_fw-fr mar._n a_o coppyholder_n surrenders_n to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o wife_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n the_o wife_n die_v the_o husband_n survive_v the_o question_n be_v who_o shall_v hold_v the_o land_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o the_o husband_n have_v no_o issue_n by_o that_o wife_n than_o his_o heir_n shall_v have_v it_o certain_a copyhold_a case_n report_v in_o a_o cer_n take_v book_n but_o it_o be_v say_v there_o that_o if_o the_o wife_n have_v issue_n by_o another_o hâ—sband_n it_o be_v there_o doubt_v but_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o better_a opinion_n in_o dier_n that_o the_o husband_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n yet_o if_o the_o husband_n have_v first_o two_o son_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n in_o common_a after_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o wife_n and_o for_o proof_n thereof_o he_o put_v this_o case_n if_o land_n be_v give_v for_o life_n the_o remaynder_n to_o two_o man_n and_o their_o heir_n they_o can_v have_v one_o heir_n in_o the_o case_n if_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n die_v before_o they_o in_o remainder_n they_o shall_v be_v jâ—â—â—etennants_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o survivor_n shall_v have_v all_o but_o if_o none_o in_o remainder_n be_v in_o life_n when_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n die_v than_o the_o heir_n of_o they_o in_o the_o remainder_n shall_v hold_v in_o common_a thirty_o seven_o henry_n the_o eight_o a_o coppyholder_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o make_v a_o assurance_n to_o his_o wife_n suffer_v another_o to_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o right_n in_o the_o copy_n court_n and_o they_o join_v the_o battle_n and_o at_o the_o day_n the_o husband_n and_o wife_n make_v default_n and_o final_a judgement_n be_v give_v and_o after_o the_o recoverer_n surrenders_n the_o same_o land_n into_o the_o lord_n hand_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n and_o a_o good_a assurance_n pur_fw-it cur._n a_o coppyholder_n make_v a_o lease_n at_o will_n to_o another_o who_o commit_v waste_a good_a which_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o forfeiture_n the_o lessor_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o the_o lessee_n by_o walsh_n weston_n and_o dier_n the_o lord_n may_v enter_v and_o have_v trespass_n against_o the_o lessor_n his_o tenant_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v reason_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v recompense_v but_o the_o lord_n shall_v have_v a_o special_a writ_n of_o travers_n and_o not_o vi_o and_o armis_fw-la because_o the_o entry_n be_v lawful_a 8._o et_fw-la 9_o eliz._n ibid._n the_o lord_n dacres_n enter_v upon_o his_o coppyholder_n and_o lease_v it_o to_o a_o stranger_n for_o year_n the_o lessee_n enter_v and_o be_v eject_v by_o the_o coppyholder_n and_o he_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o electione_n firm_a the_o coppyholder_n plead_v that_o the_o land_n be_v demiseable_a per_fw-la custom_n and_o so_o they_o be_v at_o issue_n and_o he_o show_v in_o evidence_n a_o copy_n make_v 13._o henry_n the_o eight_o by_o which_o a_o tenant_n have_v surrender_v the_o land_n