elsewhere in difficult affaires and no more acquainted with this message than the occasion of it The Queene notwithstanding could not wel endure that the Spaniard should be possessed of so rich and conuenient a place to inuade England Holland or Zeland from In so much that the continuall meditation of this matter wrought these words out of her that This businesse concern'd her more than that of Edward the third who at excessive charges maintained the cause of Iohn of Montfort to keepe the French from possessing themselues of Britaine There were indeed some about the Court to the commendation of their warinesse more than wisdome that prompted the Queene to a parâ—imony aduising her not to be at so great charges for others good but rather to regard her owne wishing her not to put any confidence in French-men as being traâ—terous euen to their owne Kings thence taking an occasion to returne to her memory their cruelty in butchering one of their Kings that was a professed Catholike and their villany in thus persecuting another that is a Protestant They vrged to her likewise the vniust claime the French laid to Metz Toul and Verdune formerly annexed to the Empire of Germany which notwithstanding the memory of later ages witnessing as much they by violence haue disioynted from it That they doe as constantly hate the English euen now when they are friends as others doe when they are enemies that they doe so duely breake promise in repaying of monies to the English that they vse to Nick-name other Creditors whom they likewise disappoint with this by-word Les Anglois These are Englishmen Lastly that by their homebred seditions they haue so rent a flourishing estate into factions that the whole Realme might rather excite her neighbours pity than occasion their feare it being now like a grosse body burthened with its owne weight and so disordered by the mutable obedience of the people that if it should chance to faile of an enemy abroad it would soone find one at home The Queene as desirous of the commendations of the French from the mouth of an English man as careful of their safety from the hands of an enemy entertained this discourse both with disdaine and laughter and when not onely the English but euen some French themselues counsel'd her to put in for her share and ceaze vpon Picardie or Normandie as the Spaniard and the Leaguers had already cantonized all France putting her in minde of the saying of Charles of Burgundy that It was best for all neighbour nations when France had twenty Kings She heard them with a much forced patience and disdainfully putting them by said That whensoeuer France it's last day should be at hand the euening thereof would bring in Englands ruine and destruction Whilst these businesses were on foot Ambrose Dudley Earle of Wâ—rwicke sonne of Iohn Duke of Northumberland and Knight of the Order of S. George departed this life as full of vertue as empty of Issue And not long after Sir Francis Walsingham also the Queenes Secretary and Chancellour of the Duchie of Lancaster and of the Order of the Garter He was a man as commendable for industrie as imitable for his wisdome and piety one that had beene employed in many honourable Embassies a strict professour of the reformed Religion a curious searcher out of secrets one that could diue into mens dispositions and worke them to his owne ends at pleasure His Art that way as it was past imitation so was it beyond the Queenes owne expectation in so much that the Papists euery where traduced him as a subtle enginere to screw simple Proseâ—ytes within the danger of the law This intelligence which hee continually had of all plots and deuises that were hatched within the Realme cost him such excessiue charges that hauing spent not onely his estate but euen his credit which was much impeached by his abundant debts he was in the night time buried at Pauls without any Funerall solemnity Hee left but one daughter who first marrying Sir Philip Sidney bore him a daughter married to Roger Earle of Rutland and then marrying her second husband the Earle of Essex bore him one sonne and some daughters and afterwards being married to the Earle of Clan-Richard an Irish Lord bore to him also Children of both sexes Not long aboue a moneth or two Sir Thomas Randolph ouer-liued him yet not so neere to him in his death as hee was in acquaintance and loue in his life This was he whose brother Edward a braue souldier died victoriously in Ireland in the yeare 156â— In the time of his youth hee liued a Ciuill Lawyer in Christ-Chuch in Oxford and afterwards became the Principall of Broad-gates Hall since named Pembroke Colledge Hee had beene imployed in many seuerall Embassies thrice to the Peeres in Scotland thrice to Queene Mary of Scotland after her returne from France Seuen times to Iames the sixt of Scotland thrice to Iohn Basilides Emperour of Russia once to Charles the ninth of France and againe to Henry the third The Queene rewarded this his seruice with the Chamberlaines Office in the Exchequer heretofore a place of great honour and worth the Mastership of the Post-horses and some small land Neither could ambition or the charge of many chiâ—dren occasion any appetite in him of greater wealth to the true patterne of a contented minde for all high and worldly men whereof there are very few but haue lesse occasion and greater desire And let mee not forget that which may benifit posterity with the memory of it a letter which hee sent to Sir Francis Walsingham a little before his death wherein hee declared how fitting it was and how necessary that the one should leaue of the trickes of a Secretary and the other of an Embassadour and imploy the time before their death in repentance for the sinnes of their life Shortly after him died Sir Iames Croft who in the dayes of Edward the sixt valiantly defended Hadington in Scotland against the French He was for a while Lord Deputy of Ireland hauing beene condemned for treason in the hot dayes of Queene Mary was as gratiously pardoned by Queene Elizabeth and made Gouernour of Barwicke and the Easterne borders He likewise was Comptroller of her Maiesties houshold and a Delegate at the Treaty of Bourbourge After all which hauing had the vertue to excite the very enuie of the Court against him and yet hee happy fortune to ouercome it liued and died in the loue and fauour both of Prince and people With the yeere also ended George Talbot his lifeâ—being Earle of Shropshire the sonne of Francis and the seuenth Earle of that House who in the Reigne of Queene Mary hauing to the number of three thousand vnder him committed to him by his Father the Generall of the Army in the Scottish warres rescued the Earle of Northumberland at Lo-wick out of most eminent danger Hee was also Captayne of a troupe
of fiue hundred horse He was one of the appointed Guard for the Queene of Scots Afterwards at the decease of the Duke of Norfolke he was substituted Earle Marshall of England For the space of fifteene yeeres he continued in such trusty loyalty that neyther the calumny of the Court the plots of his enemies nor the troubles hee sustayned by his second wife could vndermine or shake it to the glory of his wisedome as well as valour Hee had by Gertrude the daughter of Thomas Earle of Rutland his first wife Francis that died vntimely Gilbert that was his heire married to Mary Cauendish the daughter of his mother in Law Edward married to the daughter and ioint heyre of the Lord Ogle with Henry and Thomas Hee had daughters Catharine married to Henry the sonne of the Earle of Pembroke that died issuelesse Mary married to Sir George Sauil and Grace to Sir Henry Cauendish By his later wife Elizabeth the widow of William Cauendâ—sh hee had no issue And to make vp the Catalogue of this yeeres mortality Thomas Lord Wentworth also departed this life being the last English Gouernour of Callice whose second sonne Henry for the eldest died when the Father liued succeeded In Ireland the last yeere Hugh Gaueloc so nicke-named by reason of his long continuance in fetters the naturall son of Shane-Oneale had accused Hugh Earle of Tyre-Oën for hauing had priuy conferences with some Sp aniards that in 88 were cast vpon the Irish shoares which accusation the Earle coueting to frustrate by some speedy preuention gaue order that he should be surprized by some tricke or other and strangled and when the reuerence of him and his familie had strucke such a conscience into the exeâ—utioner that was prescribed for this villany that hee refused to doe his office the Earle himselfe was reported to haue fitted the cord and strangled him hâ—mselfe Heereupon being cited into England he craued the Queenes pardon for his fault and obtayned it at her Maiesties Manour of Greenwich where he protested a peace with all his neighbours but especially with Turlogh Lenigh and gaue hostages for the assurance of the performance also of not assuming vpon himselfe the title of O-Neale or the exercise of any Iurisdiction ouer the Nobility that were hâ—s neighbours of reducing all Tyr-Oen into the compleat forme of a County of imposing no taxations which they call Bonaghti vpon his poore Countrey men that were vnder him Of not blocking vp the passage for prouision for the English Garrison at Blacke water or the riuer More of not admitting Monkes Friers or Nunnes or other rebels to reside within his territories or dominions and of performing many more such like Articles yet on this condition also that Turlogh Leâ—igh and the rest of the Nobility neere him might bee bound to a peace also with him lest that his necessity of quietnesse should excite their after iniuries After his returne into Ireland he made a confirmation of his former protestation before Sir William Fitz-Williams Deputy of Ireland and other Councellours of Estate and indeed for some time there was such an vnexpected reformation in his outward cariage that might promise an vnquestioned loyalty of an obedient subiect which he so coloured with the smooth pretence of vertue that his now exemplary duty seemed vnto many from conscience more then the feare of disobedience Not long before the Lord Deputy hauing apprehended at home Hugh Roe-Mac-Mahon a great Noble man in the County of Monaghan whom his owne iudgement before had preferred before some others of the Nobility that contended with him for principality caused a company of common souldiers to passe Iudgement vpon him as the Irish complayne condemned and hanged him for hauing displaied his banners after the rude custome of the Irish and demanded his tributes from them His lands were diuided amongst the English and some of the Mac-Mahons certaine reuenewes onely being alotted them which they were to hold of the English The policy of this iustice was to weaken as much as might bee a House greater then the rest and â—tronger in the multitude of dependants and also vtterly to extinguish both the tyranny and the name of Mac Mahon A title that whosoeuer could purchase eyther by might or right seemed to priuiledge them to any iniurious tyranny The terrour of this seuere Iustice so amazed the guilty conscience of Brian Ororcke a noble man in Brennie that lies next to Monaghan that striuing to preuent such torture in himselfe he prouoked it and for feare of being apprehended turned traytor and tooke vp armes against the Queene But being vanquished by Sir Richard Bingham President of Conaugh he fled ouer into Scotland and was deliuered at her demand to the hands of the Queene The King of Scotland willingly sending her both him and this answer That hee esteemed euery one of her enemies his owne which indeed appeared for hee not onely sleighted his Popish Peeres in Scotland and the Earle of Westmorland with some other factious English who would haue incensed him against the Queene but also caused Iames and Donald Mac-Conell to giue in caution not to nourish any sedition in Ireland either out of the Hebrides or Scotland THE FOVRE and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1591. IN all this variety of troubles there was not any more busied the whole thoughts of the Queene then the affayres in Bretaigne and the desire of succouring the distressed King of France Wherefore in the beginning of this yeere sending ouer to him Sir Edmund Yorke who louingly reproued him for his last three months silence she admonished him to enter into consideration how much it stood him vpon to secure the Dutchie of Bretaigne and to contriue some possible meanes to preuent the second comming of the Duke of Parma promising him sufficient assistance to driue out that enemy that had alreadie possessed his Countrey vpon condition that the King would but paralell her forces The French King hauing much extolled the care and loue of the Queene gaue her ampâ—e thankes and larger promises requesting her for some three thousand men for his war in Britaine and some Regiments to be forthwith transported ouer into Picardy nominating Cherburge Glanuile or Brest and â— laweâ— too I know not whether to make a ieast rather than an answer for Ports for retyring for them Hereupon hee gaue full authority to Beavâ—ire No-cle his ordinarie Embassadour in England to couenant for him with the Lord Burghley Treasurer Charles Howard Lord Admirall and the Lord Husdon Chamberlaine Delegates for the Queene whom he brought to these Articles First that three thousand should be sent ouer into Picardy and Britaine reâ—dy furnished Secondly that the King â—hould repay the charges of their transportation their payes and the prices of their furniture and all necessaries at London within a whole yeare or sooner if so bee the enemy should bee remoued sooner out of the Kingdome The Queene
cast anchor on the Westerne part of the Island neere vnto St. Sebastians Essex 〈◊〉 of courage would presently haue landed the Forces but the Admirall and Rawleigh liked it not the Admirall neuer approuing indeed any thing that was so headily ventured on without mature deliberation But at last being ouer enâ—reated he condiscended that some few should â—rie if they could easiâ—y come a shoare but it was in vaine the Sâ—a was so rough at shore Essex was very earnest againe to set vpon the ships Gâ—llies and Men of warre that rode in the mouth of the Hauen but that liked not the rest also because they lay vnder the Block-houses out of which as also out of the ships there and fifteene other Gallies most certaine danger would come vpon them The day after the Spanish men of warre by reason of the 〈…〉 the Sea shoâ— with the â—ide vnto the Castle Pâ—ntall a peece of earth that 〈◊〉 out further then the rest the Merchants ships draw inwarder towards Port Reall whereupon the English hauing waighed anchor came into their places Where they were set vpon with Ordnance on the one side from the Fort of St. Philip and on the other side with shot from the Gallies And now it was decreed vpon to set vpon the Spanish ships whereat the Earle of Essex so greatly reioyced that he threw away his Hat This businesse was committed to Sir Thomas Howard Sir Walter Rawleigh Sir Robert Southwell Sir Francis Vere Sir George Carew Sir Robert Crosse and other Commanders of the smaller vessels for it seemed not good the Sea now â—bbing to hazard the greater ships in the shallow â—â—reights Wherefore Rawleigh in the middle of the Ghaâ—nell directing his Foredecke of the Warre-spite his ships name towards the Spanish men of warre caused them to retire Marshall Vere thundred shot vpon the Gallies out of his ship the Raiâ—bow who being in safety vnder the Towne turned their Foredeckes vpon him and hardly withstood him till Essex came in to succour And then they sought how to fly away and creeping along by the shore by the bridge of Suaco by which the Island ioynes to the Continent they got out into the open Sea all sauing one or two which Wingfield in the ship called the Vant-Guard kept vnder him In the meane time the Spanish men of warre hauing cast anchor at Puntall turned broad side vpon them And the English that before by reason of the too-shallow depth could not come neere them now came in cheerefully vpon them Essex with his ship thrust himselfe into the middle of the skirmish and the Admirall with his Sonne In the Miranore they fought very â—iecrely from the breake of day till â—oone and by that time the Spaniards resolued either to set fire on their owne ships that were now pittifully battered and rent and most in them slaine or else to thrust into shore Many of the fearefuller sort leapt into the Sea willing to drowne themselues for feare of death some whereof perchance got to shore others were taken most of them drowned and some that swomme still and cryed for mercy were by the mercy of the Admirall preserued The Spanish Admirall called St. Phillip being a ship of 1500. tun was burnt and one or two besides it the ship St. Matthew preserued by the diligence of the Admirall and the ship St. Andrew by the care of Sir Thomas Gerard were both taken safe After this Sea-fight was finished Essex landeth his forces of some 800. men vnder the Blocke-house at Puntall some league off from the City and forthwith sendeth â—lifford Blunt and Gerard to breake downe Suaco bridge and the Engine whereby the Gallies escaped into the broad Sea thereby to hinder a passage from the Continent into the Island which they very prosperously performed He makes towards the Towne in all haste with his followers viz. the Earle of Sussex Count Lâ—dowike of Nassau William Herbert Sonne of the Earle of Worcester the Lord Burke an Irish man Sir Edward Wingfield Christoper St. Lawrence Sir Robert Drury Sir Thomas Germin Sir Christopher Heydon Sir Alexander Ratcliffe and other choyce Gallants and Nobles First the Spanish horse and foot come and shew themselues halfe a mile from the Towne and then retreit againe After when more came forth he commanded his forces to retreit a little but yet in orderly aray and marshall manner and hauing entised the Spaniards vpon them a little to turne vpon them with all speed Which indeed they did so valiantly that they put the Spaniard to flight and so followed them at the heeles that they scarcely could get in aâ—d shut the gates after them The Earle gets vpon an vnperfect Fort neere to the gate whence he views an entrance which was so deepe that it was a Pikes length to leape downe Yet Euans Sussex's Lieutenant Arthur Sauage Captaine of the Earles band Pole the red-Standard-bearer Bagnall c. leapt downe In the meane time Marshall Francis Vere and the Earle burst open the gate and rushed in And now the skirmish began to be very hot in the Towne in the middest of the streets till at length after halfe an houre they came to the Market place from whence the Spaniards molested the English from the house tops casting stones downe full vpon their heads Captaine Iohn Wingfield who in the first skirmish hauing slaine a Spanish Commander was sorely wounded yet hauing got thither with his troupe was there shot through the head with a Bullet Many amongst them were wounded amongst whom Samuel Bagnall hauing receiued eight wounds and Arthur Sauage all besmeared with bloud were for their valour knighted Presently vpon that the Lord Admirall the Lord Thomas Howard Sir William Paget Sir Walter Rawleigh Sir Robert Southwell Leuison Woodhouse Mansell and other Marriners with Sir Edward Hobby Antient. And now the Spaniards gaue ouer fighting and betooke themselues to the Castle and the Towne-house one whereof was forthwith yeelded and the other the next day after vpon this condition that the Citizens might depart safe with their cloaths on and the rest to â—urne prey to the English 50â—0000 Ducats should be payd for ransome and that forty of the best Citizens should be giuen as Hostages to the English for performance of these articles Presently after Proclamation came forth that no man should offer violence to any Spaniard the woman and all Ecclesiasticall persons were carried into Pâ—rto Sanctâ— Mâ—ria In the meane time was Rawleigh commanded with his smaller ships which found the Channell nauigable for them to set fire on those Merchant Spanish ships that had withdrawne themselues to Pâ—rt Reall there was offered for their ransome 200000. Dâ—kats but the Admirall in no case would heare of it who said his message was to destroy their ships and not to bargaine for their liberty Whilest these things were so in a controâ—ersie the Duâ—e of Sidâ—niaâ—aâ—ing â—aâ—ing vnladen many ships commanded fire to be set on them whereby they 〈…〉 to
and new deuices 100 The pretended right of the Infanta to the Crowne of England 101 Parsons the Iesuite excuseth his Booke of Dolman 103 Prince Henry borne ibid. Treason against the Queene conspired by Lopez and others ibid. Their seuerall confessions 104 The Traitors condemned ibid. Cullin executed 105 Yorke and Williams apprehended ibid. The Queene informeth the Spaniard of treason 106 Antonio Perez lurketh in England ibid. The strength of the Leaguers much impaired 107 Norris sent ouer into Britaine ibid. Morley taken ibid. Quinpercorentine taken 108 Crodon assaulted ibid. It is taken 109 Fourbisher slaine ibid. Norris recalled ibid. Hawkins his Nauigations 110 He reacheth the 〈◊〉 Streights 110 He is assaulted 111 He yeeldeth vpon condiâ—â—on 〈…〉 set at liberty ibid. Lancasters voyage 112 Honour conferred by a forreigne Prince 〈…〉 at home ibid. The death of Cardinall Allen. 113 And of Doctor Piers Archbishop of Yorke 114 And of the Earle of Darby ibid. Contention about the Isle of Man 115 The death of the Lord 〈◊〉 116 And of the Lord Eâ—ers and of the Lord Chandoys and the Lord Montioy 117 Sir William Russell made Lord Depâ—â—y of Ireland ibid. Tir-Oen submitteth to him ibid. He is accused by Marshall Bagnall 118 Buâ— for all that is dismissed ibid. The Lord Deputy prosecuteth the Rebells â—â—9 Tir-Oen bewrayeth his rebellious 〈◊〉 ibid. Anno M. D.XC.V THe King of Scotland 〈…〉 Spaniard Page 121 Yorke and Williams hanged 122 Warre proâ—laimed in France against the Spaniard 123 The warre 〈…〉 Luxenborough and â—iccardy ibid. Ayde required from England 124 The Queene prouides against the spâ—â—â—ard ibid. More ayde required 〈◊〉 England 125 The Queene acquitteth her selfe of 〈◊〉 imputations about the taking of Cambra 125 The King of France perswaded to and disswaded from a peace with the Spaniard 127 Conditions proposed to the King of France by the Pope and 〈…〉 128 Coâ—nwall inuaded by the Spaniard ibid. Rawleighs voyage to Guiana 12â— Sir Iohn Hawkiâ—â— and Sir Francis Drakes expedition into America 130 The voiage to Porto-Rico 131 〈◊〉 de-la-Hach fired and 〈…〉 132 〈…〉 ibid. The death of Sir Francis Drake ibid. 〈…〉 ibid. â— distast betweene the Queene 〈…〉 Low Countries the reason of 〈◊〉 â—â—3 Sir Thomas Bodly sent ouer ibid. His message ibid. The answer of the 〈◊〉 134 Some monies offered in part of paiment ibid. 〈…〉 ibid. Great debating about the matter 135 Conditions proposed by the States to the Queene what they are 136 The Queene accepteth of them 137 〈…〉 ibid. The Queenes answere thereunto ibid. The death of the Earle of Arundell and of the Lord 〈◊〉 and Sir Thomas 〈◊〉 and of D. Whitaker 14â— Sir Iohn Norris sent into Ireland 141 Tir-Oen taketh Blackwater 14â— He is proclaimed Traitour ibid. The strength of the Rebells 〈…〉 Ireland 143 Norris sets forward toward Tir-Oen 143 And the Lord Deputy ioyneth with him ibid. Tir-Oen lurketh ibid. Captaine Norris seemeth too much to 〈◊〉 Tir-Oen 1â—â— He entertaineth a parley with Tir-Oen 1â—â— Tir-Oens counterfeit submission to Norris ibid. And of O-donells and Feagh-Mac-Hughâ— 1â—â— A truce made and the danger of it ibid. Anno M. D.XC.VI SIr Henry Wallop and Sir Robert Gardner sent to parley with Tir-Oen O-donell and the rest of the Rebels and to heare their grieuances Page 147 The complaints of Tir-Oen of O donell 148 Of Shan-Mac-Brian Mac-Phelim and O-Neale and 〈◊〉 others 149 Propositions proposed to the Rebels they flight 〈◊〉 reiect them 150 The manner of the truce câ—ncluded betweene them ibid. The Queenes opinion of the 〈◊〉 151 Tir-Oen dealeth vnder-hand with the Spaniard ibid. Tir-Oen sendeth Letters of the Spaniards to the Lord Deputy 152 He deludeth Captaine Norris and 〈…〉 from them a writ of pardon ibid. The Lord Deputy reduâ—eth O-Maden ibid. Tir-Oens dissimulation layd open 154 The Lord Deputy pursueth Pheagh-Maâ—h-Hugh 155 He is slaine by 〈…〉 ibid. His head is sent to 〈◊〉 and the head of Iames 〈◊〉 ib. Callis assaulted by the Arch-Duke of Aâ—stria and 〈◊〉 156 The Queene prepareth a Nauie of 140. ships ibid. The Earle of Essex and Lord Hâ—â—ard equall Generals of the Forces 157 The Prayer of Queene Elizabeth for the Nauie 158 The Nauy sets forward to Cadiz 159 Where it arriues the 20. of Iune 160 Certaine Gallies of the Spaniards withdraw themselues into the open Sea 161 The English Souldiers are set on shoare ibid. They breake downe Suaco Bridge ibid. They take the towne 162 They set fire on some Spanish ships 163 No man of note lost in this expedition but Captaine Wingfield ibid. The names of those that were knighted 164 The English consult what to doe 165 They come to the towne Pharo ibid. From thence to the 〈◊〉 166 They returne home ibid. How glorious this victory was to the English how profitable to them and how hurtfull to the Spaniard 167 Sir Francis Vere made Gouernour of Brill 168 Which the Earle of Essex taketh very ill but worse the choice of Sir Robert Cecill to be the Queenes Secretary he hauing appointed Sir Tho. Bodley for that place ibid. The Spaniard prouides a new Fleet. ibid. The greatest part whereof cast away 169 Queene Elizabeth fortifies the shoare she entreth into a new League with the French King ibid. Which they both sweare to 170 The King of France made Knight of the Garter 171 Counterfeit Purâ—euants and Apparators punished ibid. Thomas Arundell Count of the sacred Empire 172 The question discussed whether a Subiect be to admit of the honour which is conferred on him by a forreigne Prince ibid. Such honours not to be admitted 173 Counts and Viscounts such as some Officers in the Court of Rome 174 Count-Palatines and who boasted themselues so to be ibid. The Queenes iudgement on that question ibid. The death of Sir Iohn Puckering and of Richard Fletcher Bishop of London and of the Lord Hunsdon and Sir Francis Knolles 175 The death of the Earle of Huntington and of the Countesse of Darby 176 Anno M. D.XC.VII THe battle of Tournhalt in Brabant Page 177 The Queene furnisheth a Nauy to surprize the Spanish Nauy at Azores returning from the Indies 178 Sir Walter Rawleigh lands at Faiall 181 He takes the towne 182 The Earle of Essex angry for his landing ibid. Rawleigh defendeth himselfe and at last is receiued into fauour againe 183 The Islands Gratiosa and Flores yeeld to the Earle of Essex ibid. Villa Franca taken 185 An Indian Caracke burnt ibid. The English Fleet returneth ibid. The Spanish Nauy dispersed 186 Grudges betweene the Earle of Essex and Sir Walter Rawleigh and betwixt the Earle of Essex and Sir Robert Cecill ibid. Essex discontented at the Titles giuen to the Lord Admirall whereupon the Queene makes him Earle Marshall of England 187 Paâ—lâ—s D'l'aliâ—e sent Embassadour from the King of Poland 187 His Oration to the Queene full of contempt The Queenes sodaine answer made him in Latine 188 The Queene leâ—â—es him and answereth him by her Councellors afterwards 189 The Merchant Aduenturers are
detected ibid. The Earles of Essex and Southampton arraigned ibid. The principall heads of their Inditements ibid. Laid open at length by the Queens Lawyers 〈◊〉 Yeluerton and Sir Edward Coke 312 The Earle of Essex's reply 313 He excuseth his iniuries done to the Lords of the Councell 314 The layes open the iniuries done to himselfe ibid He extenuates the testimony of Sir Ferdinando Gorge 315 The Earle of Southampton defends his ownâ— cauâ—e ibid. Certaine cases propounded to the Iudges 316 The Earle of Essex much accuseth his aduerâ—aries ibid. Sir Francis Bacon remoues the accusation ibid. The Earle of Essex interrupteth him in his speech and accuseth Secretary Cecill 317 Cecill comes forth out of a little Closet where he stood to answer to the Earles obiections ibid His speech to the Earle of Essex ibid. The Lord Knolles sent for to the Iudges to decide the matter 318 Cecill inueigheth against the Earle of Essex ibid. Southampton againe excuseth himselfe ibid. Thâ— Iudges opinion concerning the protestation of both the Earles 319 The Earles are both found guilty of treason by the Peeres 320 The Earle of Essex's speech at the pronunciation of sentence ibid. The sentence pronounced both against the Earle of Essex and Southampton 321 Others also are arraigned about that businesse ibid. The Earle of Essex desires to speake with some of the Lords of the priâ—y Câ—â—â—cell 322 He accuseth Cuffe as the author of all his treachery 323 The Earle reueals more that knew of the conspiracy ibid. He is brought out to executiou in the Tower yard 324 He is beheaded 325 His commendation his stocke and Ancestors 326 His Wife and Issue 327 Blunt Danuers Dauis Mericke and Cuffe arraigned ibid. Blunt's examination and what he confessed 328 Danuers what he answered for himselfe 329 And Dauis for himselfe ibid. The arraignment of Cuffe with the particulars thereof 330 Cuffe what he aâ—swered for himselfe 331 The arraignment of Sir Gill. Mericke with the particulars thereof 332 What Sir Gill. Mericke said for himselfe ibid. Sir Christopher Blunt and Charles Danuers request to be beheaded ibid. Cuffes execution at Tiburne and his confession there 333 Merickes execution there also 334 Blunt and Danuers beheaded on Tower-hill ibid. The confession of Sir Christopher Blunt 335 Sir Henry Neuill committed vpon suspition 336 The punishment of Daniel an Impostor of the Earle of Essex's Letters 337 The Queenes answere to the Embassadors of Scotland ibid. Gallies first prepared 339 The States thinke how to subdue Flanders ibid. They are preuented by the Arch-Duke ibid. Sir Francis Vere made Gouerâ—our of Ostend 340 The description and scituation of Ostend ibid. A parley with the Archduke about yeelding of Ostend 341 Vere being supplied with prouision breakes it off ibid. He resigneth vp his Office into the hands of the States 343 The chiefest Englishmen that died at the Siege ibid. Marshall Birone sent ouer into England 344 A Parliament assembled at Westminster ibid. Monopolies restrained 345 The Queenes speech to some of the Lower House about them ibid. The death of the Earle of Pâ—mbroke 346 And of the Lord Norris ibid. And of the Lord Willoughby 347 A Proclamation against transporting mony into Ireland ibid. Deliberation about altering the Coine in Ireland ibid. The Souldiers pay altered without any tâ—mult or mutiny 348 The Lord Deputy sets on towards the Rebels ibid. And Sir Henry Docwray in other parts 349 The English surprize Donegall Monastery ibid. Rumors concerning the approaching of the Spaniard at Munster drawes the Lord Deputy backâ— againe 350 Ballashanon is seized on ibid. President Carew surprizeth the titular Earle of Desmond and send both him and Florence Mac-Carty ouer into England 351 He makes preparation against the Spaniard ibid. He informeth the Lord Deputy of the affaires 352 A consultation whether or no the Deputy shoâ—ld enter Mounster without his Forces ibid. The Spanish Forces land in Ireland ibid. The reasons of their comming published 353 The English beset them 353 The Spaniards driuen out from Rincurran Castle ibid. Tir-Oen commeth into Mounster 354 The Rebels determine to bring their Forces intâ— the towne 355 The English hinder them ibid. The Rebels retire and the Eâ—glish persue them ibid. An earthquake in London the 24. of December 356 The Rebels pâ—t to flight ibid. The commodities of that victory 357 The Spaniards desire a parley ibid. Articles about their yeelding 358 They depart out of Ireland ibid. Anno M.DC.II DVnboy Castle assaulted by the President 360 The Rebels reduced into order ibid. Bishop O-Hegan slaine 361 A Nauy dispatcht to the Spanish shâ—re ibid. The Galâ—ies and Carackes set vpon in the Hauen of Cezimbra ibid. A Caracke and Gallies are set vpon 362 The Gallies are put to flight ibid. Some of them taken ibid. A parley ibid. They yeeld 363 The râ—st of the Gallies are for Flanders ibid. They light vpon the Queenes ships 364 They skirmish ibid. Their Gallies vanquished 365 A treaty at Bremen with the Danes ibid. They complaine of too much Tribute paid for passing the Sounds ibid. Their demands 365. A controuersie discussed about the freenesse of the Sea 366 The treaty breakes 367 Disagreements betweene the Iesuites and Secular Priests 368 See Watsons Quodlibets of State 369 Iesuites and Secular Priests banished 370 Marshall Birone beheaded 371 The French King complaines of the Duke of Bullen ibid. He askes Queene Elizabeths counsell what he should doe with him ibid. The Queenes answere 372 The French Kings reply 373 The opinion of others concerning this matter ibid. Geneua relieued 374 The death of Alexander Nowell ibid. Tir-Oen feares both his owne power and his Armies 375 The Deputy persues him ibid. He builds Charlemont ibid. And Fort Montioy 376 Docwray chaseth the Rebels ibid. Yet he is slightly regarded ibid. More of the Rebels submit themselues 377 Tir-Oen craues pardon ibid. Anno M.DC.III TIr-Oen absolâ—tely submits himselfe 378 The Queene fals sicke 380 In the Kings Preface to the Reader in his Basilicon Doron 384 THE LIFE AND REIGNE OF THE most famous Princesse ELIZABETH With a memoriall of the chiefest matters and affayres of the States of England Scotland France and Ireland and sundry other occurrences of the affayres of most part of Christendome Which haue happened since the fatall Spanish Inuasion to the timâ— of her Dissolution AFTER that so vnexpected a successe had blasted the glory of the Spanish Inuasion They to â—alue their wounded honour and to forestall in the English the very thought of thâ— like inuasion begin now to prosecute their foreintended purpose of wounding and molesting the peace of England by the hands of her neighbour Scotland To which purpose the industrious villany of Robert Bruce a Priest with Creicton and Hay Iesuites working vpon the distempered Religion of the Earles of Huntley Arrolle Crawford and Bothwell a man as fickle as his fortune but yet the naturall sonne of Iohn Prior of Coldingham the sonne of Iames the fifth King of Scotland easily
his proceedings began now to aâ—gment his feare to a cautelous suspition lest the Dukes ambitious policy should lay wayt for his life and concluding his owne life and safety out of the necessary murther of the Duke shortly after as he was entring the Arras of his Priuy chamber caused him to be run through and his Brother the Cardinall to be strangled committing the Dukes sonne Cardinall Bourbon and as many of the Leaguers as the danger of those times would licence his enquiry for to the safe custody of close prison And now began a generall confusion to ouerrun the face of all France the disiointed limbes of a compleat Kingdome lept into a variety of rebellion The peopâ—e began at their pleasure to disburthen themselues of their duty to Magistrates to rob the Kings veâ—y Court at Paris Some Cities began to affect and estâ—bâ—ish Democracy others Aristrocracie the rest Oligarchy few or none a Monarchie The villany of this conspiracy hauing now growne ripe for such misery that by striuing to make as it were many Kingdomes they had almost reduced it to none At their next assembly the Leaguers cause a new Seale for the administring the affayres of the Realme to be engrauen arrogating to their ambitious rebellion all Princely Iurisdiction they share amongst it themselues the best fortified places and sometimes whole Prouinces They stop the Reuenewes of the Crowne and recall the Spanish forces out of the Low Countries foure whole Parliaments of France seconding them with their vnanimous suffrages and all the Clergie of the Realme preaching nothing but warre against their owne Souereigne Insomuch that the King turning to the Protestants and they turning from their allegiance caused one Iaques Clement a Monke to murther him The Leaguers although not onely his right of Succession but aâ—so the Kings option on his death bed assured him of the Crowne by a Proclamation banisht Nauarre not more from the Crowne then the Kingdome declaring him guilty of Heresie and of drawing the enemies forces into his owne countrey But although all of them agreed in this to exclude Nauarre yet euery mans priuate engagement could not easily come to an agreement whom they should create King Charles Duke of Maine Brother to the slaine Duke of Guyse thought himselfe most worthy of it because hee had forced the Protestants many times to a great incoÌ„uenience most of their Cities to their ancient obedience Likewise because Cardinall Bourbon being feeble a Priest and now in prison would if he should be elected rather exercise the wits of the French to scoffe and scorne him than their allegiance to reuerence and obey him yet that by making him King they might not onely acknowledge the Right of the familie of the Bourbons to the Crowne but also recall the old Right of the Vncle against the Nephew But the controuersie came not so neare the hope of reconcilement for others preferred the Cardinall of Lorraine or any of his familie that so now at length the ancient Right so long abused by Hugh Capet at first might be restored to the familie Vrging that the Spaniard greatly fauoured that House and that hee would bequeath his daughter to any one that was chosen out thence Others opposed against him the Duke of Sauoy sonne of the daughter of the King of France sonne in law to the King of Spaine a neighbour Prince and as truly couragious as noble The rest nominated Guise by reason of his Grandfather and Fathers seruice done the Realme and the Catholique Religion Neither were there wanting some scattered suffrages for the Spaniard himselfe which flattery would easily haue encreased had there beene any hope of speeding But the maior part pretending a very forme of iustice in the height of a rebellion reflecteth vpon the Cardinall of Bourbon as being one degree neerer to the deceased King than his Nephew Nauarre was and as one that had suffered much in the Catholique cause by whose meanes after an easie deliuerance out of the prison to the Throne they might if not with as much speede yet with more conuenience represse the Reformed Religion than by crauing forraine helps for assistance in that matter This conclusion was cunningly broacht by Mendoza the Spaniards Embassadour who since he perceiued hee could not pleasure his master with his conceited hope of an Immediate election thought to lay here a foundation of reducing by degrees that Kingdome vnder his Dominion So that now amongst these Leaguers and Conspiratours Cardinall Bourbon is proclaimed King and coynes dispersed about in traffique with his inscription of Charles the tenth The Duke of Maine is declared to be Lieutenant Generall of the Crowne of France who presently to bring his office into execution musters all his forces with an intent either to surprise Nauarre proclaimed likewise King of France amongst his confederates at Deepe where he resided or driue him by violence out of France The French King being now reduced to so great streights hauing pitched his campe neere vnto Deepe with as good successe as speed presently dispatched Beauore La Noe-cle and immediatly after Buhie and Bozenuale into England to proffer to the Queene an offensiue and defensiue league and to desire some aide from her The Queene vnwilling to be defectiue to his doubtfull hopes in such a courtesie out of her true zeale to his Religion and fortune mixt with a iealous feare of the reuolting of the Germans and Switzers his stipendiaries who to gaine but the emptie riches of a large promise were likely to endanger their fidelity presently furnisht him with two and twenty thousand pounds of english Gold A somme which either somewhat to the disparagement of his owne estate or more to the true token of his gratitude he ingenuously acknowledged he neuer yet saw paralell'd besides munition and some foure thousand men vnder the conduct of Peregrine Lord Willoughby who after the departure of the Earle of Leicester out of the low countries had in succeeding him purchased no small honor She appointed Sir Thomas Wilford who was also Marshall Sir Iohn Burrough Sir William Drury and Sir Thomas Baskeruile Colonels allotting them a moneths pay before hand who after their arriuall in France behaued themselues both to the Kingdoms and their owne honour The brute of their expected arriuall mingled with the ouerthrow as much against their reason as their hopes which the French King lately gaue the Leaguers at Arques so discouraged the pride of their hopâ—s that the very day before the arriuall of the English they fled from before the King with bagge and baggage The King partly encouraged with this victory the obiect of his wonder as much as ioy and partly with the welcome arriuall of the English began to draw his forces towards Paris where the English and the Switzers attempting that part thereof which lies betweene Saint Marcels gate and the riuer Seine made such a resolute breach through their rampiers and inclosures that hauing
made an example of her iustice for murther begotten of the body of Anne Stanley the daughter of Edward Earle of Darby whom Edward his Brother succeeded Also Henry Lord Compton leauing his heyre his sonne William begot of Francis Hastings the daughter of Francis Earle of Huntingdon and at Bruxeils there died Thomas Lord Paget who fearing some suspition should arise out of his inward well wishing to Mary Queene of Scots couertly dispatched himselfe out of the Land leauing his onely â—sonne begotten of Nazareth Newton and named William his Heyre And euen now Learning it selfe had occasion of griefe for the death of Lawrence Humfrey Doctour of Diuinitie in Oxford who being banished in the dayes of persecution vnder Queene Mary translated out of the Greeke a Tract of Origens concerning a Right Fayth and Philo concerning Nobility hauing also himselfe written three Bookes of Nobility which hee stiled by the name of Optimates After his returne home he was made President of Magdaleâ—e Colledge in Oxford where he was first brought vp Hee was likewise the Regâ—ous Professor of Diuinity where by his publike Lectures and vsuall Sermons for many yeeres together he got great credit to the Church although but small profit to himselfe For he was neuer preferred to any higher place amongst the Clergie then to the Deanery of Winchester the chiefest reason that was to be guessed at being that in matters of Ceremony or Indifferency he altogether consented not with the Church of England THE THREE and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1590. THE Queene who neuer layd aside the thought of warre because her desire was still peace at the beginning of the Spring fearing some asâ—ault from the Spaniard mustereth vp her souldiers heere in England and likewise in the South parts of Ireland In Ireland she fortifies Duncannon lying at the mouth of the Riuer Suire and in Wales repayres the ruines of Milford Hauen with new workes For the mayntenance of her Nauy safe and sound shee alotteth yeerely eight thousand fiue hundred and seuenty pounds sterling of English money And although about three yeeres agoe shee had lent the King of Nauarre an hundred and one thousand fiue hundred and sixty French crownes to leauy an Army in Germany vnder the Baron d'Onaw by Horatio Pallauicine and but the last yeere seuenty one thousand one hundred sixty fiue more vpon Beauoire Buhie and Buzenuales bonds and had spent twenty thousand more in sending ouer her forces to him vnder the Lord Willoughby yet notwithstanding first this yeere she lendeth vpon the Vicount Turenes bond thirty three thousand three hundred thirty and three more to muster an army in Germany vnder the conduct of the Prince of Anhault and after that as much more vpon Beauoires bond and Incaruilles Besides all these charges euery two moneths did she pay to the Garrisons in Flushing and Brill an hundred and fiue and twenty thousand Florins and two hundred and threescore more to three thousand horse and foot that seru'd in the Low Countries Shee set out many braue ships shee was at infinite charges to preuent all clandestine machinations of the Pope or Spaniard in Scotland and yet for all this at this time shee repayed to her subiects monies which shee lately had borrowed in so much that many men iustly wondred whence this abilitie should spring she being not in any mans debt a vertue which few Princes can boast of and yet of a sufficient competency to maintaine her kingdome against the enemie without admitting any auxiliary forces which none of the greatest of her neighbour Kings could at that time doe Certaine it is she was a most prouident Princesse seldome entertaining any charge which was not either for the maintenance of her Honour at home or the Succour of her friends abroad Besides the Lord Treasurer Burghley bore a prouident eye ouer those that had charge of Subsidies or imposts for many times by the couetousnesse of such subordinate ministers monies receiued for the Queenes vse were imployed to their priuate pâ—ofits and others that should haue beene receiued were omitted by a wilfull ouersight and hir'd negligence About this time the commodity of the Custome house amounted to an vnexpected value For the Queene being made acquainted by the meanes of a subtile fellow named Caermardine with the mistery of their gaines so enhansed the rate that Sir Thomas Smith Master of the Custome house who heretofore farmed it of the Queene for fourteene thousand pounds yeerely was now mounted to two and forty thousand pounds and afterwards to fifty thousand pounds yeerely which notwithstanding was valued but as an ordinary summe for such oppressing gaine The Lord Treasurer indeed the Earle of Leicester Walâ—ingham much opposed themselues against this Caermardine denying him entrance into the Priuy Chamber in so much that expostulating with the Queene they traduced her hearkening to such a fellowes information to the disparagement of the iudgement of her Councell and the discredite of their care But the Queene answered them that all Princes ought to bee if not as fauourable yet as iust to the lowest as to the highest desiring that they who falsely accuse her Priuy Councell of sloath or indiscretion should be seuerely punished but that they who iustly accused them should be heard That she was Queene as well to the poorest as to the proudest and that therefore she would neuer be deafe to their iust complaints Likewise that shee would not suffer that these Toole-takers like horse-leeâ—hes should glut themselues with the riches of the Realme and starue her Exchequer which as shee will not endure so to bee dieted so hateth shee to enrich it with the pouerty of the people Without doubt shee was a great enemy to all extortions and vnreasonable taxes hating to oppresse her poore subiects as many of her Predecessors had done sweetning their owne extortions with the name of the Peoples contribution the Commons liberalitie or their free beneuolence or the like She would not suffer Tolling by the head of liuing creatures once to be proposed as lawfull although it had beene formerly proposed in the daies of Edward the sixt And hence was it that the people paid their subsidies with such alacritie and though that now her necessity had occasioned a greater tax than ordinary yet it seemed onely a voluntary payment Wherefore the Queene by a mercifull Statute to reward her people for their forwardnesse would haue exempted those of the meaner sort and multiplied their payments vpon the richer as was once done in the time of King Richard the second but the euent of this courtesie would haue beene more iniurious to her selfe than beneficiall to the people it being plainly demonstrated by casting vp the accounts that the subsidies would fall far short of their expected value if those of indifferent estates which we call Pound-men should be fauoured with any exception About this time certaine Inhabitants of the towne of Groyning one
and that there shall be no peace betweene him and them without their mutuall consent thereunto Yet for all this is Britaine still neglected by the French King France in the very bowels thereof still labouring and neitheir yet could the Englishmen get so much as Pimpol or Breac a little Island for their retiring place but vpon extreame hard conditions to wit that they fortifie it not neither that they lodge either in the houses of Priests or Noblemen Yet for all this the States of Britaine humbly requested the Queene not to recall her forces which she had euen resolued on but euen ouer-entreated commanded them to stay and they dispersed and scattered vp and downe about the Country Villages and exposed both to the malice of the Heauen and their enemies were â—ainâ— to haue a lamentable wintering when Pimpol by reason it was so little could not containe them all Neither spared she her continuall admonitions to the King of France that he should consider how much it stood him vpon to protect and keepe in hold the Sea coasts which once being gotten into the power of the enemy opens a way for further losse and is not easily recouered againe she wished him by Sir Robert Sidney to protect in safety the professours of the reformed Religion He promised againe that as he had hitherto beene so he would alwaies be their Protector and Defendor although that euen the chiefest Nobles of them had already forsaken him But when Sidney would haue dealt with him about Brest for a retyring place for the English forces and a pawne for the monies he had already had which indeed the Queene greatly desired hee stopt his eares at that For truely the Frenchmen could not indure that the English should once set foot in any other possessions in France no not so much as in their Hauens noâ— being forgetfull how easily they a great while agoe hauing but once beene possessed of their Hauens victoriously ran ouer France and how hardly they resigned vp againe their possessions And thus miserably did the French turne the counsell of the Queene vpon her selfe and the English which she gaue them for a caution against the Spaniard The Queene that she might secure her own selfe from the Spaniard fortified the Islands of Silley in the British Ocean hauing erected a Fortresse in S. Mariâ—s Island which by reason of the fashion of a starre like to which it was made she called the Starre-Marie she fortified that also with a set Garrison Also she strengthened her Islands of Gaâ—nsey and Iersey opposite against France and other places besides with great cost and charges and as great courage and alacrity although the times then were very heauy For in that yeare Saturne running through the end of Cancer and the beginning of Leo as in the yeare 1563. the Pestilence or Plague miserably tormented the City of London insomuch that the rigour thereof in the whole course of one yeare mowed downe the people of the Citie and Suburbes to the number of 17890. besides Sir William Roe the Lord Major and three more Aldermen Bartholomew Faire was not kept that yeare in London and Michaelmas Terme at S. Albanes twenty miles from London At which Terme Richard Hesket was condemned and executed because he had perswaded Henry Earle of Darby whose Father Henry died not long before that he should claime the Crowne of England fetching his right from his great Grand-mother Mary the Daughter to Henry the seuenth largely promising moreouer assistance and money from the Spaniard withall threatning the Earles sudden destruction if hee kept it not secret and if he put it not in practise But the Earle fearing this to be a plot onely to bring him into danger betrayed his conspiratour who of his owne accord acknowledging his fault before the iudgement seat sorely cursed those that aduised him thereto and those also that hearkened to his aduise in it and indeed those curses fell vpon some body in all probability For the Earle within foure moneths after died of a miserable kinde of death as shall be spoken of shortly In this yeares space two famous Earles of England died both of the Order of the Garter Henry Stanley whom I now mentioned Earle of Darby the sonne of Edward by Dorothy the Daughter of Thomas Howard first Duke of Norfolke He got of Margaret the Daughter of Henry Clifford Earle of Cumberland of Elenor Brandon the Niece of Henry the eight by his Sister Mary two sonnes Ferdinand and William that in order succeded him The other Earle that died was Henry Ratcliffe Earle of Sussex Gouernour of Portsmouth hauing left onely one Sonne Robert which he had by Honor the Daughter of Anthony Pound At Portsmouth Charles Blunt afterwards Lord Montioy succeeded him Three Lords accompanied these Earles also into another life Arthur Grey of Wilton that famous Warriour and of the Order of the Garter to whom succeeded Thomas his sonne by Iane Sybill Morrison The second Henry Lord Cromwell the Nephew of that Thomas Earle of Essex so often spoken of that was the mocking-stocke of Fortune after him succeeded Edward his sonne by Mary the Daughter of Iohn Powlet Marquesse of Winchester The third Henry Lord Wentworth whom succeeded Thomas borne of Anne Hopton his sonne and heire Neither will we conceale the death of worthy Christopher Carlile whose warlike skill was sufficiently tried in the Low Countries France and Ireland and in America at Carthage and Santo Dominico in the yeare 1585. for he about this time accompanied the forenamed into a better life In Ireland O-Conor Dun Mac-Daâ—y and O-Brien Nobleman of Conaugh and others make complaints that they were vniustly gone to law withall about the possessions of the Mortimers Earles of March which they had no colour of pretence for but continuance of long time wherein they had onely vsurped the same Also about this time the Noblemen of the Prouince of Vlster who long before feared lest they should fal into a conformity to English lawes which they thought would be brought in vpon theÌ„ as they saw it done already in Monaghan and that they should loose much of their power thereby whereby sometimes they did euen tyraâ—â—ize ouer the people begin now to bring to light that rebellion which before long had beene conceiued and first of all Hugh O-Donell on a sudden surpriseth Montrosse Castle Now there had beene a grudge long betweene the Earle of Tir-Oen and Henry Bagnall Marshall of the Irish forces whose Sister the Earle had stolne for his wife The Earle he made his complaint before the Lord Deputy of Ireland the Chancellour and others that whatsoeuer he had brought in obedience to the Queene at Vlster by his continuall labour and euen hazard of his bloud that redounded onely to the commodity of the Marshall and not to himselfe that yet the Marshall had falsly accused him of treason and to that purpose had suborned base
the King and then consequently that those latter Letters Patents which altogether consisted vpon the restoring of the former were of no force saying that the King was deceiued by a false suggestion and that therefore his grant was voide and of no vertue But the Queene for all this yeelded vp her Right in it and an agreement was made betweene the Vncle and the Nieces Also about this time Gregory Fienis or Fâ—nis Lord Dacres the last of that name and therefore not to be forgotten changed this life for a better he was of no weake capacity the Nephewes Nephew of Richard Fenis of the ancient Family of the Earles of Bonâ—nia to whom Henry the â—ixt and Edward the fourth gaue the title of Lord Dacre because he had married the heire female of Thomas Lord Dacre Hee was sonne of Thomas Lord Dacre who died in the reigne of Henry the eight when he was scarce 24. yeares of age For when as there was a murther committed by some of his Familiars that were a going with him a hunting although he were not present at it yet hee was caâ—led into question and being perswaded by some Courtiers that cunningly lay gaping for his inheritance that he could in no manner saue his life vnlesse he would confesse the fault and submit himselfe to the mercy of the King which when he indiscreetly had done he was forthwith condemned and the day after executed But yet the Courtiers that had so gone about the bush were deceiued of their hopes for the inheritance fell by law vnto his Sister Margaret that was married to Sampson Lennard and the Lordship confirmed vpon the said Lennards sonne named Henry Neither are they to be omitted who followed in the expiring of their mortality William Lord Euers hauing left Ralph his sonne and heire by Margery Dimocke Giles Lord Chandos who dying without issue male left his Brother William his successour Lastly William Blunt Lord Montioy hauing too much weakened his body by his vntemperate youthfulnesse to whom succeeded his brother Charles gouernour of Portsmouth In August next Sir William Russell the youngest Sonne of Francis Earle of Bedford was substituted in the Lord Deputy of Irelands place William Fitz-williams hauing beene called ouer after that Henry Duke and Edward Herbert who were sent with victualls prouision and auxiliary forces to succour those that lay in Garrison in Iâ—iskelline who were besieged by Mac-Guir were vanquished with no little losse by these Rebels And assoone as Sir William had receiued the sword of authority Tir-Oen beyond all expectation hauing receiued a Protection comes vnto him falls downe at his knees humbly begs pardon for his faults in that when he was commanded he came not vnto the former Deputy excusing it by reason that his aduersaries lay in wait for his life and much lamenting that he had lost his fauour with the Queene not by his desert but their false informations for the Queene he held most benigne and most liberall vnto him whom as she had raised vp to the height of honour so she might as easily thrust him out of Ireland He entreated that the sincerity of his cause might be paised in equall ballances and that hee would obey whatsoeuer was commanded hee largely promised to him either in raising the â—iege at Iniskelline or in driuing the Scottish Islanders out He called to witnesse both God and men that although his forward nature had led him into some defence for his life against his enemies yet that he would neuer take Armes against the Queenes Maiesty Lastly he vehemently besought the Deputy and all the Counsâ—llours of Ireland that they would make intercession to the Queene for the recouery of his lost fauour But Bagnall Marshall of the Irish Army being there present exhibited articles against him accusing him that by his meanes Mac-Guir and Gauran the Priest Primate of Ireland made by the Pope came into Conaught that hee had secret consultations with Mac-Guir Oâ— Donell and other Rebels that he ayded them in wasting the Countries of Mâ—naghan and in besieging Iniskelline by Cormac Mac-Baron his Brother and Cone his base-borne Sonne that hee had withdrawen by threatnings from their loyalty towards the Queene the Capt. of Kilut and Kilwarâ—y Hee most resolutely denied all this and as one much presuming on the safegard of his whole and vndefiled conscience hee proffered to renounce the vertue of his Protection if these things obiected against him could be proued Hereupon did the Counsellours seriously canuase the matter whither or no they should detaine him to make him come to triall The Deputy iudged it fit he should be detained but the rest either out feare to violate that priuiledge of his Protection or out of some good will towards him iudged that he should be now dismissed and the matter deferred till another time To which sentence there being the major part on that side the Deputy vnwillingly condiscending he was dismissed neither his accusers or his witnesses being heard But it somewhat troubled the Queene who knew that euery one knew of his wicked consultations and more wicked offences that lay open to all mens eyes and the more it troubled her because shee had admonished before hand that he should be detained till he had cleared himselfe of his obiected accusations The Earle Tir-Oen at his dismission gaue indeed great hopes to the Counsellours both of England and Ireland that his seruice should be most faithfull to the Queene readily promising to do whatsoeuer almost they proposed vnto him to wit as to hinder his Brother Cormaâ— from assisting Mac-Guir and the other Rebels to driue out the Scottish Islanders as well as he could out of Ireland to perswade O-Donell that he would doe the like to defend the Borders with his wing of Horse in the absence of the Deputy to see the orders fulfilâ—ed concerning prouision for victuals to build a Gaole in Dunganon to admit of a Sheriffe and Iustices in Tir-Oen vpon certaine conditions and to command Turlogh Mac-Henry vpon his oath not to suffer any Scottish Islanders to come into Ireland Not long after the Deputy being gone to free Iniskelline from the siege that lay at it hauing put to flight the Rebels furnished it with all manner of prouision and also strengthened the Garrison Then he fiercely disquieted and troubled Feagh Mac-Hugh rebelling in Leinster and hauing but gone out as it were a hunting he wanted but little of taking him He droue him from his House at Bullencure into almost vnaccessable Valleys which they call the Glinnes and there he set a Garrison and sending out some troupes to search out these desart passages where there was no way for a man to come to them almost they went so 〈◊〉 to worke that there seldome passed by a day but they sent in after the fashion of the Countrey some heads cut off from the Souldiers of the Rebels they tooke Rhise the wife of Feagh more then of a womanly courage
Cormac Mac-Gennys Mac-Guir Euere Mac-Cowley Henry Ouington and O-Quin shewes himselfe at the Foord Essex the Deputie with the Earle of Southampton George Bourchiere Warham S. Leger Henry Danuerse Edward Wingfield and William Constable Knights comes down vnto them The Earle salutes euery one of them very courteously and not many words being on all sides spent it pleased them that the next day there should be some delegated that should treat concerning a peace Amongst those delegates it was agreed vpon that there should be a truce from that day for sixe weekes and then so againe for the next sixe But yet so that on either side hauing giuen fourteene dayes waâ—ning they might haue leaue and libertie to renue the warre againe And if so be any of the Earle Tir-Oens confederates shall not agree thereunto that it should be lawfull for the Deputie to prosecute him as it shall please him Whilest these things are doing Henry Cuffe brings those last letters we spake of to the Queene whereby when she vnderstood that Essex with so great an armie in so long time and at so great charges had done nothing as yet and sent her word that he could doe nothing this yeare she was greatly moued thereat accusing all his consultations and actions headlong vnhappy and contemptible Nay she doubted not to say but vpon what iealous suspition I know not to some there that he endeauoured in Ireland some what more then the good of his Prince and Countrey Neither would she recall her opinion after great perswasion alwayes esteeming it the greatest folly that can be to stirre vp one that is ready armed whom once he had stirred before and since armed But yet she sent her letters backe to him and the Counsellours of Ireland wherein she expressed her great admiration that the Deputie should lose so much time and imbrace all kind of occasions of delay that he should spoyle many faire opportunities of good successe against the Rebels when as he himselfe in England thought nothing fitter then onely to prosecute and pursue Tir-Oen which also in his letters since he had largely promised She also expostulated with him about his expedition into Mounster and Affalle against his own sober iudgement and against her knowledge for had he made her acquainted with his intent she would haue hindred that hurtfull expedition If now the army be weake and feeble why did he not follow the enemy when it was not so If the Spring time were not fit for his warre in Vlster why did he neglect the Summer and Autumne was not any time fitting enough for that warre she did now well see that England must be consumed more then needs and by this vnhappy successe suffer the note of infamy of all forraine nations Nay that they that hereafter shall write the History of these times will instruct posteritie that she neuer did any thing in the preseruing of Ireland and that he neuer omitted any thing that might tend to the losse of it except he would take some better order with his warres Wherefore she admonished both him and the Councell that with better aduice they would prouide for the good of the Common-wealth and not be led aside by euill suggested councels As also that they should write backe to her to what passe they haue brought the State of Ireland and also to take care against the further damage thereof The Deputy being much mooued with these letters and discontented that among other things the Queene had chid him too that hee remooued not the Earle of Southampton from his office which he lately bestowed vpon him for the Queene was displeased with Southampton because against her knowledge as the Nobles vse not to doe he had married Elizabeth Vernon borne of the Aunt of the Earle of Essex secretly But most of all being discontented at the preferment of his enemie Cecil to his place of the Master of the Wards hee began to cast himself into darke and cloudie stormes of melancholy he secretly thought some vndirect course to take in hand as to returne againe into England with his choisest Bands and so to bring vnder his power by force those his great enemies being perswaded that great store of concourse out of loue to him and desire of innouations would easily and quickely flocke vnto him But Southampton and Sir Christopher Blunt that had married his mother frighted him from this dangerous wicked and hatefull enterprize Whither or no the Queene had inckling of this matter I know not but at the very same time by reason of vncertaine rumours of a Spanish inuasion that was willingly beleeued there was mustred vp 6000. of the choycest and most experienced footmen of all London 3000. whereof lay at watch and ward about the Queene the rest commanded to be in readinesse vpon any occasion and besides these a great number was also mustered out of all the places neere abouts Of all these Charles Howard Earle of Nottingham Lord Admirall of England was made Commander with authoritie both against enemies abroad and rebels at home But within few dayes after this armie was dissolued againe Within a moneth after Essex sooner then the least opinion of any one comes ouer into England in all hast with some of his choicest friends Southampton who now was put by his office the Lord Dunkelline Christopher S. Laurence the sonne of the Lord Houth Henry Danuerso who yet had notwithstanding recouered himselfe of a dangerous wound Henry Docâ—ray and other Commanders and many others who at his arriuall in England went away seuerall wayes Essex accompanied onely with sixe comes to None-Such where the Queene then lay to enforme her of the affaires of Ireland In his way the Lord Grey of Wilton one of his greatest enemies ouer rode him and not once saluted or spake to him The Earle fearing lest he should doe him hurt at the Court and Sir Thomas Gerard ouertaking him and although in vaine requesting him that hee would doe him no ill office there Christopher S. Larence offered his seruice to the Earle of Essex to kill the Lord Grey in the way and the Secretary at the Court But the Earle hating such wickednesse from his heart would not yeeld thereto but made such hast to the Court that on the morning betimes he came and fell on his knees before the Queene that not so much as thought of him as shee was in the Priuie chamber The Queene entertained him with a short speech but not with that fauour she was wont and bid him go to his chamber and continue there For now to his other offences he added this that without her leaue or against her will he had left Ireland and for that he had made such a truce that euery fourteene dayes was violable when as it had beene in his power by his authoritie to haue ended the matters with the Rebels and pardoned their treasons Being asked of the Councell why he made such couenants
Crosse iust about the end of the Sermon and there to declare to the Aldermen and people the reasons of his comming and demand of them aide against his aduersaries If so be the Citizens were backward in the matter then they would goe on further presently but if they were willing to helpe then with them to inuade the Court presently and make way for him to the Queene So all that night there was nothing but running vp and downe from Essex house and crying that the Lord Cobham and Rawleigh laid waite for the Earle of Essex life Hereupon on Sunday which was the eight day of February early in the morning comes the Earles of Rutland and Southampton the Lord Sands Parker Lord Montaquile and almost three hundred more of the better sort These the Earle courteously entertained and intimated to some that there was waite laid for his life that therefore he had resolued to get vnto the Queene and tell of his dangers to her by reason she neuer heares of it from his aduersaries who abusing her sacred eares with calumnies and false informations haue engrossed them only to their stories beliefe To others he signified that the Citie stood for him and that therefore hee would betake himselfe to them and by their assistances reâ—enge the enemies iniuries All this while the gâ—tes 〈…〉 vp and no man let in but he that was well kâ—ownâ— â—nd no man let out that was once let in â—et Sir Ferdinando Gorge had leaue and licence to goe to Sir Walter Rawleigh that expected him on the water and sent thither for him Blunt indeed perswaded them there to surprize Sir Walter Rawleigh but they did iâ— not Now indeed there were some that reported that Gorge made there a discouery of all the matter to Rawleigh but that is vncertaine yet certaine it is that Rawleigh admonished him to take heed that his absence from his Office at Plimmouth without leaue cost him not imprisonment and that Gorge againe admonished Rawleigh that he should haue a care to himselfe seeing that many of the Nobility had conspired against him and some more that abused the Queenes authority At this very time the Queene commanded the Lord Maior of London to see that all the Citizens were ready at their doores at her command in an instant and to the Earle of Essex she sent the Lord Keeper the Earle of Worcester William Knolles Controwier of the Queenes Houshold Vncle to the Earle and Popham Lord chiefe Iustice of England to know of him the reason of such a concourse They were all let in at a wicket and their seruants shut out onely except him that carried the Seale before the Keeper In the yard there they found a confused multitude of people and in the midst of those the Earles of Essex Rutland and South-hampton and many more that presently flockt about the Councell The Lord Keeper turning himselfe to the Earle of Essex signified to him that he and the rest of the Lords with him were sent newly from the Queene to know of him the cause of this concourse who promised that if any iniury had beene done vnto him he should haue Law and Equity for it The Earle of Essex answered him alowed in this manner VVAit is laid for my life there were some hired that should murther mee in my bed I am traiterously dealt with and my Letters were counterfeited both with hand and Seale Wherefore we haue met here together to defend our selues and preserue our liues since neither my patience nor misery will appease the malice of my aduersaries except they drinke my bloud also Popham spake to him to the same purpose that the Lord Keeper had said already before promising that if so be he would particularly tell what was vndertaken or intended against him that hee would truely and honestly tell the Queene and he should be lawfully heard The Lord Keeper being very vrgent with them that if so be they would not tell their grieuances publikely they would retire in and tell them the multitude interrupting him cryes out LEt vs bee gone come they abuse your patience they betray you my Lord the time hastens come Hereupon the Lord Keeper turning about to them charged them all on the Queenes name to lay downe their weapons Then the Earle of Essex goes into the house the Lord Keeper following him and the rest of his company that there they might priuately talke about the matter In the meane time these harsh â—ounds fly about their cares KIll them kill them away with the great Seale shut them vp fast enough After they had come into the middest of the house Essex commanding the dores to be bolted sayes vnto them BE patient but a little my Lords I must needs 〈◊〉 into the Citie to take order with the Lord Mayor and the Sheriffes and I will returne instantly The Lords of the Councell being shut vp there were kept by Iohn Dauis Francis Tresham and Owen Salisbury an old bold Souldier and some Gun-men And Essex hauing almost forgot his resolution by reason of their comming committing his house to Gill Mericke issues forth with some two hundred with him who were not in battell array or any military order but onely running for the most part with their Cloaks wrapt about their armes Swords amongst whom were the Earle of Bedford the Lord Cromwell and some other Nobles Hauing come into London he cries out euery minute FOr the Queene for the Queene there is wait laid for my life And so going through Cheape-side he made all haste to Smith's house the Sheriffe by Fenchurch street And euer where he saw Citizens without weapons he requested them to arme themselues or else they could doe him no good Yet for all this in so well trayned a Citie full of souldiers most popular and most addicted to him there was not one no not of the basest people that tooke Armes for him in his defence At length he got to the Sheriffes house almost at the further end of the Citie so fretting and chaâ—ing in his minde and so sweating although the weather was not then so hot that there he was faine to change his shirt The Sheriffe Smith in whom his too easie credulity had reposed such great confidencie presently withdrew himselfe out at a Posterne gate to the Lord Mayors and in the meane time the Lord Burghley Dethicke Garter King at Armes entring into the Citie proclaime Essex and all his complices Traitours although indeed some withstood it and offered violence The Earle of Cumberland Sir Thomas Gerard Marshall did the like in other parts of the Citie When the Earle of Essex perceiued that hee rushes out of the Sheriffes house and his countenance much changing often hee cryed out that England was to be diuided for the Infanta of Spaine exhorting the Citizens to take armes but all in vaine for the Citizens wealth if nothing else would keepe them loyall But when the Earle saw that not
any one tooke Armes for his defence and that those that accompanied him withdrew themselues away and heard also that the Admirall came with forces a-against him then he began to cast away all his hopes Wherfore he bethinkes of returning home againe and by the meanes of the Lord Keeper and the rest lockt vp at home to procure some hope of fauour from the Queene But when as Sir I. Leuison with a Band at Ludgate denyed Gorge passage for the Earle which he demanded Gorge being carefull of himselfe in the care of the Councellours comes and perswades the Earle that he would send him to set the Councellours free and then both hee and they might intercede with the Queene for his pardon whilest yet there was hope and some comfort no blood being yet shed and whilest the Queene might be in doubt of the successe or the Cities minde in any vncertainty what they should doe The Earle gaue him leaue but onely willed that Popham might be set free but Popham denying his owne liberty except the Lord Keeper also were deliuered Gorge set them all at liberty and taking Boat with them came by water to the Court. The Earle now about to returne findes his way chained vp neerest the West gate of Pauls and Pikemen and Muskets set against him at the appointment of the Bishop of London vnder the command of Sir I. Leuison Here first he drew his Sword and commanded Blunt to assault them Which he did very manfully hauing slaine one Wayte and he himselfe â—ore wounded was taken There was slaine also Henry Tracy a young man and very dearely loued by the Earle besides one or two Citizens The Earles passage being stopt here 〈◊〉 hauing his hat shot through with a Bullet accompanied with a few that left him not yet for most had making hast downe to Queene-hith got Boats and came home to his house againe by water Hauing returned he was very angry that the Councellours were dismissed so hee burnes a many papers lest as he said they should blab too much and prepares himselfe for his owne defence fortifying his house on all sides and and vainly expecting helpe from the Londoners Presently after the Lord Admirall comes and besiegeth it on the Land-side setting in order the Earles of Cumberland and Lincolne Thomas Howard Lord Gray Burghley and Compton with horse and foot He himselfe with his Sonne Effingham L. Cobham Stanhope Robert Sidney Sir Fulke Greuile on the Thames side seized on his Garden And now being ready to assault the house he commandeth them by Sidney to yeeld them vp to him The Earle of South-hampton demands againe to whom they should yeeld it To their enemies that were indeed to deserue danger enough To the Queene that were indeed to confesse themselues guilty But yet saith he if the Admirall will giue vs good pledges for our security we will come and appeare before the Queene But if not that they had all resolued rather to lose their liues then the credit of their cause The Admirall answered againe that there ought not to be Pledges giuen or any conditions offered to Rebels but yet certifiedâ— Essex that he should send out the Countesse his Wife his Sister the Lady Rich and some other Mayd-seruants that with 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 made a terrible noise within doores The Earle tooke that for a great courtesie and onely desired that he might haue an houre or twoâ— respite to fortifie the place where they went out which was granted But 〈◊〉 houre being spent the Earle finding all his hopes come to a despaire determined to issue forth vpon them which the Lord Sands somewhat ancienter then the rest vrged also exceedingly saying still that the most valiant Councels are the most safe that it is farre more honourable to die fighting with Noble men then by the hand of a hangman But Essex his minde being as vnconstant as his fortune began rather to thinke of yeelding and gaue notice that vpon certaine Articles and conditions he would yeeld But the Admirall denying any conditions he would not guie conditions but onely take and they should be but these First To dealâ— ciuilly with them which the Admirall granted Secondly To let their cause be fairely and lawfully tried To which he answered that he ought not to doubt of that Lastly That during the time of his imprisonment hee might haue Ashton his Chaplaine with him for his soules better comfort The Admirall promised that he would intercede with the Queene for these things And so forth with the Nobler sort kneeling downe deliliuered vp their Swords to the Admirall and themselues at ten of the clocke at night In this assault there died onely Owen Salisbury and one or two flaine within with the Muskets and as many of the Assaulters without The Earles of Essex and Southampton first of all are committed to the Archbishop of Canterburies house at Lambeth and not streightway to the Tower because it was late at night and the water not passable vnder London Bridge But the next day or very soone after by commission from the Queene they were carried by boat vnto the Tower Râ—tland Sands Cromwell Mâ—â—taquile and Charles Danuers and Henry Bromley were sent after in more Boats The 〈◊〉 were all committed to common gaoles And thus within twelue houres was this commotion at rest which some called a 〈◊〉 in the Earle some an errour others a stubborne 〈◊〉 and 〈…〉 reuenge But they that made the worst of it onely called it an inconsiderate rashnesse the Citizens being as loth to acknowledge a rebellion as to cause one and scarcely was there one that thought it yet treason The day after the Queene by her Herauld commended the loyall care of her Citizens acknowledging the same with very louing words Also then admonishing them that they should maintaine the publike peace and tranquility by reason that the infection of this new sedition was likely to lurke and breake out somewhere also that they should haue an especiall care to obserue if any went about any innouations either by forcing the mindes of the weake and simple people thereto or calumniating any of the Queenes Seruants Vpon the twelfth of February Thomas Lee Kinsman to Sir Henry Lee of the Order of Saint George a Commander in Ireland very intimate with Tir-Oen and as much deuoted to Essex too who the very same night that Essex had refused being sent for to goe to the Priuy Councellers profered his seruice either to surprize or kill the Earle of Essex now intimated secretly to Robert Crosse a Sea Captaine that it were a braue thing if six tall fellowes at once would set vpon the Queene and make her by force release Essex and Southampton and the rest out of prison These things Crosse hauing betrayed to the Councell Lee being sought vp downe for was about twilight found about the Priuy Chamberdore very pale and sweating and oftentimes hauing asked
since their youth by their Christian profession of the same Religion and by the honour of his Family and adiuring him by them all to name the man to them Southampton referres it all to the Councell and Cecill himselfe if it were fitting with reason safe for his honour to name him when all thought it fit he should name him he names William Lord Knolles Vnckle to the Earle of Essex Cecill very earnestly entreating that he should be sent for shortly after he came and acknowledged that some two yeares agoe he heard Cecill say that one Dolman in a Booke had prooued the right of the Infanta to the Crowne but that he himselfe said no such matter Essex replied that the words were told him after another sence Cecill replyed THe malice whereby you haue endeauoured to bring me in hatred with all men comes from nothing else but my desire of peace and the good of my Country and from your hot desire of warre to the profit of the Souldiers that they might be vnder your becke And hence was it that you set forth an Apologie against the Peace And hence was it that all that spake of peace were hated as most addicted to the Spaniard But for my owne part I am so farre from enclining towards the Infanta of Spaine that I tremble euen to thinke of it Whilest the Lord Knolles is expected the Recorder accuseth Essex of dissembling hypocrisie that professing publikely the Euangelicall Religion yet hee promised Blunt a Papist a Toleration The Earle denyed it yet denyed he not but that he knew Blunt was a Papist for hee when hee was a Boy was brought vp in the Low Countries vnder Allen that was afterwards Cardinall but that he desired his conuersion and neuer indeed liked that any Christian should be tormented in case of religion Southampton he forth with excuseth himselfe by reason of his deare loue to the Earle of Essex and his ignorance of the Lawes He modestly implores the mercy of the Queene whom he alwaies knew the patterne euen of Gods mercy and whom he protested he neuer iniured not with an euill thought The Iudges Assistants being demanded concerning these reiterated protestations of both the Earles that they neuer ment any wrong to the Queene gaue this sentence THat if any man shall attempt to strengthen himselfe so farre that the Prince cannot resist him he is guilty of rebellion Also that euery rebellion the Law construeth to be a plot against the Princes life or a deposing of him in as much as the Rebell will not suffer the Prince to continue or reigne that shall hereafter punish or reuenge such a rebellion This they confirmed by Law where it is adiudged Treason to doe any thing against the security of the Prince by reason that it cannot be that he that once prescribeth to his King a Right will euer suffer the King to recouer his authority to himselfe againe or to liue lest so he might chance to recouer it Fetching examples from our owne Chronicles of Edward the second and Richard the second who being by force of Armes brought vnder their Subiects power were after both deposed and murthered After that Sir Iohn Leuison standing by describes in many words against the Earle of Essex the tumultuous fray neere Pauls Churchyard Then was read through the confessions of the Earles of Rutland the Lord Crâ—mwell and Sands Then began Essex to answere more mildly that hee thought of nothing but onely to repell force by force and that he would not haue gone into the Citie so inconsiderately but that he foresaw imminent danger ouer him Afterwards Sir Francis Bacon repeats the opinions and sentences of the Iudges who all found both the Earles guilty of Treason shewing that they could not excuse themselues who being commanded by the Lord Keeper and a Herald to lay downe their weapons yet did it not Essex replied that he saw no Herald but a lame fellow whom he tooke not for a Herald saying that if he had intended any thing but onely his defence against those his aduersaries he would not haue gone out with so small a company so vnarmed for they had nothing but Swords and Daggers and Gunnes Bacon replying that that was done out of policy by him who indeed relyed vpon the Citizens armes that they might furnish himselfe and his men too and take armes themselues for him Imitating Guise in France in this tricke who not long agoe entring Paris with a few people so stirred vp the people to take armes that he made the King dispatch out of the City By and by were both the Earles remooued aside and the Peeres that past vpon them rising and separating themselues from the rest conferred amongst themselues and weighing the matter within an houre returned againe to their seates euery one hauing found both the Earles guilty The Notary calls both the Earles to the Barre againe according to the manner and asketh them seuerally if they had any thing to say why sentence should not be pronounced against them Essex intreating the Peeres to make intercession for South-hampton to the Queene who might hereafter well deserue at her hands answered MY life I take no care for that there is nothing that I more earnestly desire then to lay downe my life in loyalty towards God and the Queene whatsoeuer the Law make of me Yet would I not that you should signifie to the Queene any contempt in me of her gracious mercy which indeed all my smooth language would neuer purchase And I entreat you all that since I neuer thought ill against my Prince ye would quit me in the Court of your Conscience although that ye haue cast me and condemned me in this Court of Iustice. The Earle of Southampton most demissely and humbly craued the Queenes pardon entreating his Peeres to intercede for it with the Queene protesting againe that he neuer conceiued any ill thought against the Queene insomuch that with his pleasing speech and ingenuous modestie hee mooued all the standers by to pitty him The Lord High Steward hauing made now a very graue speech admonisheth the Earle to request the Queenes mercy and pardon pronouncing vpon him the dolefull sentence of hanging drawing and quartering And now the Hatchet being turned towards them that before was turned from them Essex said THis body might haue done the Queene better seruice if she had pleased but I reioyce that it is vsed any way for her Requesting that before his death hee might receiue the Communion and that Ashton a Minister might be still with him for his soules health Then hee asked pardon of the Earle of Worcester and the Lord Chiefe Iustice for keeping them in hold And of Morley and De-la-ware for bringing their Sonnes that knew not of the matter into such danger And then his staffe being broken the Earle departed These things the Authour of the originall being there present makes worth beleefe who if he haue omitted any thing
forbidden traffiquing in Germany 190 And those of the Hanse-townes here in England 191 The Embassie of Sir George Carew into Poland ibid. What he effecteth with those of Dantsicke 192 And with the Polacke ibid. And with those of Elbing ibid. An Embassadour from Christian the fourth King of Denmarke ibid. The King of France requesteth aide from the Queene 193 He recouereth Amiens 194 The King of Spaine enclineth to a peace 195 A Parliament assembled in England ibid. The Lord De-la-ware restored to his old place 196 And also Thomas Lord Howard of Walden 197 The death of the Lord Cobham ibid. And of W. Powlet Marquesse of Winchester ibid. The Lord Burrough made Deputy of Ireland ibid. Captaine Norris dyeth 198 The Lord Deputy winnes the Fort at Blackwater 199 The Earle of Kildare dyeth ibid. The Rebels besiege Blackwater Fort. ibid. The Lord Deputy dyeth ibid. Iustices appointed in Ireland in the meane time 200 Tir-Oen presents his grieuances to the Earle of Ormond now Lieutenant of Ireland ibid. Anno M. D.XC.VIII THe King of France would mediate for a peace betweene the Queene of England and the Spaniard Page 202 Embassadours sent ouer about that businesse 203 Cecill Secretary to the Queene sent ouer to France ibid. He ouertaketh the King of France at Andes ibid. The resolution of the King of France about warre 204 Cecils answere in the behalfe of the Queene ibid. The Kings reply and promise to conclude a peace shortly for the benefit of both â—ingdomes ibid. But hee dealeth vnder hand with the Arch-Duke about the said peace whereupon some expostulations past betweene him and the Queene 205 Barneuelts Oration before the French in the behalfe of the Estates of the Low Countries ibid. A difference between Secretary Cecil and some of the French whereupon he is dismissed with faire words onely 207 Sir Thomas Edmonds thereupon is sent ouer by the Queene with Letters which the French King tâ—â—ke not very pleasantly ibid. The King of France stands stoâ—tly for the Queen in the Treatie at Veruins 208 The order of Session amongst the Delegates ibid. The French take exceptions that in the peace there was no mention of the Queene of England 210 The Queene hath a care of her ownâ— estate ibid. A disceptation about a peace with the Spaniard ibid. The reasons which were collected for peace 211 The reasons that were collected against it 213 The reply of those that stood for a peace 215 Burghley Lord Treasurer particularly for the peace 217 The Earle of Essex much against it ibid. Whereupon he writes and publisheth his Apologie 218 A kinde of contention betweene the Queene and the Earle of Essex ibid. The Earle behaues himselfe somewhat irreuerently before the Queene 219 Her distast thereat ibid. His answeres full of indignation to those that gaue him good aduice or counsell ibid. The death of the Lord Burghley Treasurer of England 220 His Natiuity and kindred his education he was Master of Requests and Secretary to King Edward he began to retaine vnder Queene Elizabeth 221 He is made Baron and Treasurer of England and Knight of the Garter 222 His Issue ibid. New articles of agreement between the States and the Queene 223 Sir Thomas Bodley of Councell for the Estates he restored the publique Library of Oxford first instituted by Humphrey Duke of Gloucester 224 The Lord Zouch and Christopher Perkins sent ouer into Denmarke by reason of some contention betweene the Danes and the English 225 Isabella Daughter to Philip King of Spaine betrothed to Albert of Austria ibid. The death of the King of Spaine being aboue seuenty yeares of age ibid. Three places which he was wâ—nt to call the Keyes of the Kingdome of Spaine ibid. George Clifford Earle of Cumberland returnes home from Sea He tooke Porto-Rico and other places but continued not there by reason of a disease that happened amongst his Souldiers 226 The treason of Edward Squire discouered the proceedings therein he is instigated to it by Walpole a Iesuite he bedawbes the pummell of the Queenâ—â— Saddle with poison but to no purpose He besmeared a Chaire of the Earle of Essex's with poison but to no more purpose 227 He is questioned and confesseth all and is hanged 228 Rumors scattered abroad against the K. of Scots ibid. Especially by one Valentine Thomas at the time of his execution 229 The Queenes admonition to the King of Scots in behalfe of this businesse ibid. Bookes written in the behalfe of the K. of Scots ibid. The Contents of those Books about the course of kingdomes 230 The K. himselfe writeth his Booke called Basilicon-doron 231 The affection of the Queene towards good studies ibid. Bookes that she her selfe translated ibid. The death of D. Stapleton Professour at Doway ibid. And of D. Cosins Deane of the Arches ibid. The death of Edmund Spencer the Arch-Poet his buriall at the cost and charges of the Earle of Essex 232 Black-water Fort in Ireland besieged by the Rebâ—ls ibid. The English hauâ— the worst of it in a battle ibid. The Fort not long after yeelded vp to the Rebels 233 All the Prouince of Mounster reuolts from the Queene ibid. Protections hurtfull to the Common-wealth 234 Mounster all spoilâ—d and hauockt by the Rebels ibid. Tir-Oens brags of his successe and victory ibid. Sir Richard Bingham sent ouer againe into Ireland 235 Who died there presently after his arriuall ibid. Anno M. D.XC.IX A Great consultation in England about the choice of a new Lord Deputy to be sent into Ireland Pag. 237 The Earle of Essex secretly desires it himselfe ibid. He is at length made Lord Deputy of Ireland 238 An army allotted him and the number the greatest that Ireland euer saw 238 The summe of his Commission His departure ibid. He marcheth to Mounster against some petty Rebels and neglects the tenour of his Commission ibid. The Queene takes it vnkindly and he as much the making of Sir Robert Cecill Master of the Wards an Office which he himselfe expected 240 The Earle excuses the fault and laies it on the Irish Councell ibid. Sir Coniers Clifford sets forward against the Rebells ibid. He is slaine in the battell with Sir Alexander Ratcliffe 241 A fresh supply sent ouer from England into Ireland ibid. Tir-Oen desires a Parly of the Earle of Essex ibid. Which is at last condiscended vnto at Balla-Clinch Riuers Foord ibid. Tir-Oen and the Earle of Essex talke together almost an houre 242 Tir-Oen desires to haue another conference with the Earle of Essex ibid. Whereupon a truce is made for sixe weekes ibid. Whereat the Queene is angry with the Lord Deputy ibid. She sends letters to him and to the Councell of Ireland 243 The Earle of Essex much discontented at the letters ibid. His secret plots to take some vnlawfull course to subdue his enemies at Court 244 An army of 6000. men mustered in London halfe whereof lay at watch and ward for the safety of the Queene ibid. The Earle of Essex makes an
vnexpected returne into England with some few followers ibid. He comes and kneeles before the Queene at None-such 245 He is committed to custody in the Lord Keepers house 246 He endeauoures to remooue the suspition of ill that was conceiued of him by reason of his sodaine returne ibid. When some would haue freed him by force out of custody hee would not agree to it 247 The Truce broken in Ireland by Tir-Oen in the Earles absence ibid. The proud answere and the reason thereof ibid. Tir-Oen behaues himselfe very proudly 248 The feather of a Phoenix sent him from the Pope ibid. The Lord Keeper of the Seale laies open the cause of the Earle of Essex in the Starre-Chamber to appease the people and the Lord Treasurer and the Lord Admirall and Secretary Cecill 249 The Earle of Essex wholly deuoted to prayer and godly meditation 251 A peace betweene Spaine and England proposed ibid. The Spanish Gallies arriue at Flanders 252 Charles King of Swethland sends ouer to excuse himselfe to the Queene of England ibid. The death of Richard Hooker 253 Anno M.DC. TItles to Crowne-Land confirmed by the Queene 154 A Proclamation that no gold or siluer should be carried out of the Kingdome 255 Tir-Oen conferreth honours vpon his followers ibid. Mac-Guir and Warrham Saint Leger are slaine ibid. Charles Blunt Lord Montioy made Deputy of Ireland who arriued there in the very midest of winter ibid. The Pope of Rome encourageth the Rebells of Ireland with his iudulgence and generall pardon 256 The forme and manner of it ibid. The Rebells sound an Alarme in the very suburbs of Dublin The Deputy neglects them and onely sets forward after Tir-Oen 257 But Tir-Oen preuents him ibid. The Deputy sends a Garrison to Vlster 257 The Citie of Derry is fortified and Tir-Oen repulsed 258 Ony-Mac-Mory-Og the chiefe of the Family of O-More is slaine ibid. The Lord Deputy sets forwards againe towards Vlster 259 He breaketh through many difficulties ibid. Mont-Norris Fort erected ibid. Henry Docwray chaseth the Rebels ibid. The Lord Deputy Montioy restraineth the furie of the Rebels in the Prouince of Leinster 260 After that he returnes againe to Vlster ibid. The exploits of Sir George Carew President of Vlster and what he did in that Prouince 261 A new proposall of a peace with Spaine againe ibid. Vpon what hopes this peace was propounded 262 Bononia or Bolonia the place appointed for the Treaty 263 Obseruations about the precedency of the kingdomes of Spaine England and France ibid. Peeres designed for the Queenes part 264 The instructions of the English for the Queenes honour ibid. Exceptions taken on both sides concerning some tearmes in the Commissions of the Delegates 265 The title of Most Illustrious canuased ibid. The English challenge for the Queene the first place 274 The Spaniards will not yeeld them place equall with them ibid. New instructions to the English from the Queene 275 The complaint of the Archduke about the Queenes succouring the Hollanders in the time of Truce answered 276 By reason of Priority or Equality denied to the Queene the Treaty breakes off very abruptly after it had continued three moneths 277 The battle at Newport with the rest of the proceedings there 278 Sir Francis Vere wounded in the leg and the thigh and his Horse slaine vnder him 280 They that were taken of the enemy they that were wounded and the Englishmens names that best deserued in the battle 281 Contentions betwixt the English French about prizes ibid. The matter of agreement betweene both parties 282 Contentions betweene the English and the Danes concerning Traffique and Fishing 283 The English complaine of the exactiâ—n of tribute for passing the Sound the Danish Delegates depart for want of victuals 285 Two Breefes sent priuately by the Pope against the K. of Scots nexâ— Heire to the Crowne of England ibid. The treason intended by the Ruthwens the Brothers of Earle Gowry 286 Great complaint in England for the scarsity of Corne. ibid. The Earle of Essex commanded to keepe his house 287 He appeares before the Lords Commissioners ibid. The Earle makes answere for himselfe 288 The L. Keeper interrupts the Earle in his answere 289 Great hopes of the Earles liberty collected from the Queenes naturall inclination to mercy 290 As also from the noblenesse vertuous disposition of the heart of Essex himselfe ibid. Considerations in what course of life the Earle was best to imploy himselfe 292 Great humblenesse of minde in the Earle of Essex 293 The Earles message to the Queene full of humility ibid. The Queenes answere in words she would often vse 294 Cuâ—â—e gets accesse to the Earle of Essex ibid. But the Earle is yet deafe to his bad counsell ibid. The Queen will not yeeld to Essex's petition 295 Whereat the Earle grew much discontented ibid. And now begins to hearken to ill counsell ibid. He keepes open entertainment for all commers 296 The death of Roger Lord North. ibid. Anno M.DC.I. EMbassadours sent from Maâ—ritania and Russia Pag. 297 Diuers Princes resort to visite the Quâ—â—ne ibid. The Earle of Essex quite deafe to any good aduice 298 He is mâ—re and more enraged but especially for the Earle of Southamptons beiâ—g assaâ—lâ—ed by the Lord Grey in the open street 299 He eâ—deauoureth to draw the King of Scots to his party ibid. The Earle of Southampton Sir Charles Dauers Sir Ferdinando Gorge Sir Iohn Dauis and Iohn Littleton made priuy to the Earle of Essex secret plots and purpâ—ses 300 Their meeting in Drewry house the things proposed there the conclâ—siâ—n of surprizing the Court. 301 Whereupon suspition is daily encreased of the Earles loyalty ibid. And the Earlâ— him â—elfe sent for to the Lord Treasurers 302 Bâ—t he excusâ—â—h himselfe by reason of ill health and went not ibid. He beginneth to conceiue new plots ibid. A great multitude of people assemble about Essex house 303 Some Lords of the Coâ—ncell sent to know the reason 304 The Earle of Essex his complaint to them ibid. The open clamors of the multitude to kill the Councellours 305 The Lords are lockt vp in Essex house ibid. The Earle himselfe entreth London to the Sheriffes-â—â—use 306 He is presently proclaimed Traitor ibid. He thinkes which way to returne home againe 307 Sir Ferdinando Gorge sets the Lords of the priuy Councell free ibid. A conflict neere the Bishop of Londons Palace ibid. The Earle takes bâ—at at Queene-hith and fâ—rtifies his house 308 The Earle of Essex commanded to yeeld will not but vpon some conditions ibid. The Admirall will giue none ibid. Tbe Earle determineth to issue forth vpon them ibid. But vpon better aduice begins to thinke of yeelding 309 They all yeeld themselues vp to my Lord Admirall ibid. The Earles of Essex and Southampton imprisoned ibid. The care of the Citizens highly commended by the Queene in a Proclamation 310 Thomas Lee taken and executed at Tiburne ibid. A Proclamation against 〈◊〉 and Râ—n-awaies 311 The plots of the Conspirators are
perswaded them into a strong mutiny The drift and scope of their purpose was that hauing surprised the King they might make way for some forreigne forces to restore the decaying Romish Religion to its former perfection and then to assayle England in reuenge of the death of the Queene of Scots The pretences whereby they drew the facil disposition of the comminalty into a fauouring and following of the businesse were That the king was against his will constrayned to the custody of Maitland the Chancellour and some others of the English faction That the English men flesht as it were with the safe and vnreuenged death of the Queene of Scots had now made themselues ready euen to roote out the whole Scottish nobility and that they at the request of the King himselfe had put themselues thus in armes to rescue Him from the strictnesse of his custody and the Realme from ruine The King hauing beene gone a hunting and certified by many messengers vpon one and the same day that on the one side Bothwell was neere at hand with a troope of Borderers and that Huntley and the rest came marching towards him from the Northerne quarters with a compleat army by his Proclamation to and for the same purpose declares them all Traytors and sendeth out a presse amongst his loyall Subiects excepting none but those whom eyther by reason of defect of sixteene yeeres or excesse aboue threescore not his clemency so much as Nature exempted from seruice Heereupon Bothwell discomfited for the very feare of an ouerthrow forsakes his courage as his complices did him and betakes himselfe to his places of retire But the Earle of Huntely still keepeth on his march and by the way surpriseth Glamise an old enemy of his and Captaine of the Kings Guard The Queene of Englands discretion entertayning a iealous thought that her owne Kingdome would share in the dolefull effects of those mischiefes that Scotland hatched left nothing vnattempted which the forcible argument eyther of money or reason could effect to spurre on the King of Scots to an immature crushing of this Spanish policy which notwithstanding the ripenesse of his owne iudgement had already prompted him to For being as wary to preuent as skilfull to foreknow the storme that might follow hee presently sets forward towards Huntley But he whether out of a guilty feare of Maiesty imprinted in the heart of rebellion or out of some politique distrust of his owne or his complices ability hauing marched on as farre as Dee-bridge no sooner vnderstood of the approach of the Kings forces but dismissing Glamise he betakes himselfe to the deceitfull security of his owne dwellings amongst the ragged hilles at Strathbolgie Thither when the King more eager of the chase then carefull either of his age or Person vnacquainted with labour want and such course entertainment as those sharpe climates affoorded had narrowly pursued him first the Earle tendred a submission vpon the condition of safety both of life and goods but afterwards hee wholly and absolutely yeelded vp himselfe to the pleasure of the King who at the first indeed vouchsafing him not so much as the curtesie of conference straightway committed him to prison but not long after released him both from his punishment and his offence neither only pardoned he him but extended the same mercy to euery one of his complices whose sober discretion could so farre dispense with their proud ambition as to petition for it The same moneth that these affayres went thus harshly with the Spaniards fauorites in Scotland was Philip Howard Earle of Arundel now after three yeeres imprisonment in the Tower for suspition of too good affection to the Spaniard arraigned at Westminster Hall before Henry Earle of Darby appointed Lord High Steward of England for this matter and the rest of his Peeres William Cecil Lord Burgheley High Treasurer of England William Marquesse of Winchester Edward Earle of Oxford Lord High Chamberlayne of England Henry Earle of Kent Henry Earle of Sussex Henry Earle of Pembrooke Edward Earle of Hartford Henry Earle of Lincolne The Lord Hunsdon The Lord Willoughby of Eresby The Lord Morley The Lord Cobham The Lord Gray The Lord Darcy of the North The Lord Sands The Lord Wentworth The Lord Rich The Lord Willoughby of Parrham The Lord North The Lord Saint-Iohns of Bletso The Lord Buckhurst The Lord La-ware and the Lord Norrice The Earle being commanded to lift vp his hand lift vp both that and his voyce in these words Behâ—ld a hand cleare and a minde syncere The principall heads whereof hee was accused were First that he was of too intimate acquaintance with Cardinall Allan Parsons the Iesuite and other Traytors who lay in continuall wayt for the destruction both of Prince and people and who by exciting both Forrayners abroad and Naturall Subiects at home plotted the reducement of the Romish Religion to its ancient vigour Secondly that in letters sent by Weston otherwise Burges a Priest he had ingaged his promise to the sayd Cardinall for the promotion of the Catholique cause and to that intent would secretly haue conueyed himselfe out of the Realme Thirdly that he was priuy to the Bull of Sixtus Quintus Bishop of Rome whereby the Queene her selfe was deposed and her kingdomes bequeathed to the inuasion of the Spaniard Fourthly that in the time of his imprisonment in the Tower of London he caused Masse to be sayd for the prosperous successe of the Spanish Fleet and that hee himselfe had vsed diuers peculiar prayers to the same purpose Then being demanded whether he were guilty or not he requires his fourefold acâ—usation with a fourefold interrogation of the Iudges as First whâ—ther it were lâ—wfull to wrap and knead vp so many particular offences in one Inditement To whom they answered it lawfull Secondly whether Coniecturall Arguments were of force or no to convince a truth To whom they answered it lawfull for him to interpose exception against them Thirdly whether they could lustly accuse him of things that were made treason in the thirteenth yeare of the Queene now after the time alotted in the very law To whom they promised no proceeding against but out of the old law for treason enacted by King Edward the third Lastly he demanded whether that were a formall Inditement which erred both in time and place To whom they returned the thing what and not so much the time when or the place where to be chiefely to be considered Then being demanded againe whether he were guiltie or no he pleaded not guiltie submitting his cause to God and the iudgement of his Peeres requesting withall that the weakenesse of his memorie much impayred by the great indisposition of his bodie and the long time of his imprisonment might occasion no harme or disaduantage vnto him â—f he should by chance falter in such multiplicitie of matter Sergeant Puckering dilating vpon the former part of the Inditement declares vnto them how that Cardinall
gotten as farre as Saint Victors they esteemed the entrance of the mayne Citie as the last so the least part of the assault The French King whether out of feare of the disabilitie of his forces or of hope that shortly it would yeeld or perswasion that the Duke of Maine would not bid him battaile sounds presently a retreate from Paris and remoues to Estampes leauing the Lord Willoughbie and the English on the way to blocke vp the Leaguers passage till such time that both the Towne and Castle yeelded After this they took Vendosme the same place which with the whole country Henry the Fift of England had formerly giuen to Robert Willoughby Gouernour of Normandy as a sure argument of his loue and the others valour They reduced likewise to their due obedience Caën Alanzon Falais Loux and Honfleure After which time and trauell of aboue fiue hundred miles besides the wearinesse of their Irish service they that suruiu'd returned home to England The chiefe of note that died either by disease or battaile were one Captayne Hunning and Stubs who hauing formerly lost his right hand for writing against the mariage of the Queene with the Duke of Aniou heere lost his life and Sir William Drury one without doubt who had enioyed a longer life if reason could haue preuayled with his passion to haue preserued it For contending with Burroughs a Lords yonger sonne for the vpper â—and against the order of ranking Nobility in England he was slaine by him in a single combat The Queene intended not so speedy a returne of the English and the French King greeued at it hauing had intelligence that the Spaniard lay in wayt for the Kingdome of France for he already through the meanes of Morea Taxie and Bernardine Mendoza got it propounded in the Councell of the Leaguers that to recompence his charges which he had beene at for their assistance they should nominate him the Protectour of the Catholiques in France and confer vpon him the same Prerogatiues that he enioyes in the Kingdome of Naples and Sicily of bestowing by his Delegates all Offices whether Ecclesiasticall or Ciuill The loftinesse of this vndermining request intermingled with the eager promoting of it by Cardinall Caietan the Popes Nuntio came yet so short of their expectation of successe that it occasioned great discontentment in the French themselues whose riper iudgements prompted them to this caution by promoting their Religion not to lose their Reason And as the Queene imploied no small care in establishing Nauarre in the Kingdome of France so had she a long time sought opportunity to contriue a match betweene his sister Katharine and the King of Scotland wisely considering that both of them would stand her in great stead to refell the force of Catholiques and their plots against Protestants but the euent prooued not answerable by reason that her age was of the most and her meanes of the least her brother himselfe likewise being much impouerished by these neuer discontinuing warres The King of Scotland notwithstanding being still vnmarried ceased not very often to sollicite the Queen for her aduice in the choice of a wife who being more slow in answering him then the desire of the Scots although not then reason required gaue occasion to the Scots not only to suspect but euen to vent this suspitioÌ„ in open clamors that the English by their cunning trickes sought to depriue the King both of Honour and Issue thereby conceyting an impunity for the death of his mother and to exclude the Scottish race from succession in England This when the Queene vnderstood shee exhorted the King to choose himselfe a wife and such a one that might well please him not displease the people nor occasion the long amity betweene them to fall into suspition The King of Scots therefore hauing somewhat about a yeere before setled his affection on Anne the daughter of Fredericke the Second King of Denmarke who was also honoured with the Queenes ample commendations this yeere about Iuly contracted himselfe to her by his Proxie the Earle Marshall But shee being shipped for Scotland in the middest of her voyage was driuen backe by a tempest into Norway which so bruised her ships that shee could not in long time put to sea againe The King to the prayse of his Religion as well as his loue about October next passeth to Norway for the Sates of the Kingdome appointed and he himselfe sealed their resolution with a vowe to marry within the compasse of a yeare and there celebrated the marriage where both of them were compelled to stay till next May before their ships necessity and a seasonable opportunitie would licence their departure It was first the opinion of many but afterwards their faith that these tempests at sea were raysed by the execrable power of sorcerers and witches by reason of the violence of the waues and windes that were more turbulent and the stormes shorter and yet oftner than ordinarie whereupon they concluded some operatiâ—e power besides nature partly by reason that euill spirits Princes of the Ayre may with better safety trade with the poore ignorant people in the Northerne clymate from whom partly their pouerty and want of other mens industry hath concealed the light of the Gospel but especially by reason of the open confessions of some Witches that were vpon some occasion apprehended who confessed that they raysed those stormes on purpose to keepâ— the Queene from Scotland and that likewise Bothwel had beene with them to know the Kings fortune This being denounced Treason amongst the Scots by a Law of Queene Marry coâ—t Bothwel a strict imprisonment yet it seemes not so strict but that shortly he brake out from that into worse troubles wherewith all Scotland was annoyed There died this yeere Frances the Countesse of Sussex widow of the Thomas Earle of Sussex and sister to Henry Sidney who hauing giuen many precepts of vertue in her life at her death taught it by example in erecting Sidney Sussex Colledge in Cambridge And Sir Walter Mildmay a man as full of variety of vertues as euer he was of offices yet was hee chosen by Henry the Eigth to bee ouerseeâ— of the Court of Augmentation Knighted by King Edward the Sixt made a Priuy Counsellour by Queene Elizabeth Chancellour of the Exchequer and Subtreasurer He founded Emanuel Colledge at Cambridge in the yeere 1584. endowing it with meanes and reuenewes to mayntayne threescore and two Students and a President Him succeeded Sir Iohn Fortescue an excellent man and a good Grecian who was long time Tutor to the Queene and Master of her Wardrobe Likewise there died William Somerset Earle of Worcester the Sonne of Henry and Nephew of Charles whom his onely Sonne Edward succeeded a man so prosperous in his issue that he might reckon more sonnes and daughters then most Noble men in England There died also Iohn Lord Sturton the sonne of Charles whom Queene Mary
many of their vnprouided ships This as soone as the Queene came to vnderstand shee set foorth her Proclamation forbidding any man hereafter to doe so vnder penalty of aiding an enemy against ones owne countrey withall commanding that they who worke in iron should make no greater peeces that the ordinary Mynions and none aboue sixteene thousand pound weight The Queene hauing gone on progresse this sommer tooke Oxford in her way where shee remained some few daies being entertained with Orations Plaies and Disputations and a costly banquet prouided by the Lord Buckhurst then Chancellour of Oxford At her departure shee gaue them a Latine speech wherein shee professed that shee more esteemed of their true hearty loues than of all other sports and pleasures neuer so delightfull for which she gaue them hearty thankes making a solemne vow and giuing them sound counsell her vow was that as she wished nothing more than the safety of the Kingdome the happinesse and glory thereof so shee wished also that especially the Vniuersity which is one of the eies of the Kingdome might grow famous and flourish for euer Her counsell was that they should worship God first of all not to sute themselues according to the curiosity of many but to the lawes of God and the Kingdome that they should follow the lawes and not goe before them that they should not dispute whether or no better lawes might be but keepe those that already were made that they should obey their Superiours and mutually loue each other This sommer as also last sommer there was such a great drought through England that not onely the fields but euen many fountaines were dried vp and many cattell were choked with thirst perished euery where vp and downe euen the Riuer of Thames the chiefest in all England nay one than whom Europe hath not a longer for it ebbes and flowes aboue threescore miles euery day was euen without water the fift day of September to the great admiration of all that beheld the same in so much that a horseman might easily passe ouer at London-bridge Whether or no this fell out by reason of the great drought or the fierce rage of the North-east winde which had blowne vpon the water two whole daies and either droue away the fresh water or hindred the flowing of the Sea I cannot tell especially the Moone being then in the increase descending to the South and the Aequinox being neere at hand at which times sea-men obserue greater flowing in the Thames than at any other There were those that searcht into the hidden secrets of Philosophy to shew that this accident fell out by a naturall cause and direction arguing that as a quartane Ague comes at her due time and as the Gout at certaine seasons and as a Purge if nothing hinder it keepes it's accustomed time for working and as a womans childe-bearing ordinarily comes within a months reckoning so the waters haue some secret place of respite whither they withdraw themselues and whence they streame out againe that some of them that are lesse may be the better noted that they that are greater are yet certainely so And what wonder should this bee to see Nature her selfe goe on by statutes and degrees The heat of the Sommer comes when the time is the alteration of the Spring and Autumne is when it is wont to be the Solstice and the Aequinox keepe their appointed seasons then let vs not thinke but there are lawes of nature vnder earth which may perchance be lesse knowne to vs but not lesse certaine in themselues Let vs beleeue to bee below whatsoeuer wee see is aboue vs. There died this yeere Anthony Browne Vicount Mouâ—tague sonne to Sir Anthony Browne master of the Horse and Standard-bearer of England whom Queene Mary had before giuen this title to because that his Grandmother was the Daughter and heire of Iohn Neuill Marquisse of Mountague Shee made him Knight of the Garter and sent him to Rome in the behalfe of the whole kingdome to yeeld obedience to that See Queene Elizabeth hauing had experience of this mans loyalty esteemed very well of him although he were a Romance Catholike shee came moreouer and visited him for shee well knew that he was borne and bred in that religion which hee professed and not embraced it as many did onely to further a faction and him Anthony Nephew to his sonne succeeded There died also Henry Lord Scroope of Bolton Knight of the Garter and President of the westerne parts of the Borders of Scotland hauing left Thomas his sonne by Marquisse Howard the sister of Thomas the laâ—â— Duke of Norfolke his successor Neither to bee passed ouer in silence is the death of Christopher Wray Lord Chiefe Iustice of the Kings Bench a man of great wisdome and skill in the Law one of sincerity and as great constancy hee had much issue but more credit in Magdalene Colledge in Cambridge of which he well deserued whom â—opâ—am the Attourney a man of much noted seuerity succeeded THE SIXE and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1593. IN February this yeare the Peeres of the Kingdome assembled in Parliament at Westminster where they enacted lawes about the restraining of Schismaticks and Papists that would not goe to Church and also enticed others not to goe too also about possessions of Monasteries entailed vpon Henry the eight about relieuing Souldiers and Marriners and about not building within three miles of London and many other matters And when they had weightily considered for I speake out of the Acts of Parliament with what resolute malice the enemy raged against Englands ouerthrow and the Confederates in France to ceaze the Low Countries or Scotland or to surprize any conuenient place for inuading England they adiudged it fit to grant some Subsidies to repell these dangers Wherefore acknowledging and magnifying the heroicke princely minde of their Princesse together with her prouident care and especiall affection to her people that had so happily waged warre against her enemy and to that end she continually exhausted the wealth of her Treasure and neuer offered to burden the poore comminalty with taxations and that not onely in defence of her owne Kindgome but also in easing and relieuing her confederates according to these words and her promise The Clergie granted two entire Subsidies and the Laity three and six Fifteenes and Tenths to be paid at a time with a willing and obedient minde But yet with submission petitioning that since these things were so assigned ouer to Posterity in publike Records that in expresse words there should be this caution added that these so great and the like neuer before heard-of Subsidies being granted vnto so good a Princesse vpon so extraordinary occasions should neuer be made an example for hereafter The Queene being present the last day of the Parliament that by her consent she might giue life to these Lawes to make them of force
conditioned men to be his witnesses that he had incensed the Lord Deputy himselfe to his destruction that he had laine in wait for his life and not truely or sincerely to haue deliuered his answers to the Queene And truely the Marshall was altogether beleeued about the Court till such time as the Earle Tir-Oen hauing sent Letters into England proffered to come to his triall either in England or Ireland Yet on the other side certaine it is that the Earle had made a League with the Nobility of Vlster very secâ—etly to defend the Romish Religion for Religion was the onely cloaâ—e time afforded for warre and to shut out the Sheâ—â—ffes and all that lay in Garrison within their Territories to defend mutually their owne Rights and propell the Englishmens iniuries The next after O-Donell that encreased the rebellion was Mac-Guir a Nobleman who was thrust out as farre as Fermanagh for his more easier practise Hee was a man of a troublesome spirit and contentious who much complained that he was too much molested and troubled and vndeseruedly by the Sheriffe of that County Wherefore he rushed out preying on his neighbours grounds he enters Conaught hauing Gaurâ—n a Priest accompanying him whom the Pope had created Primate of Ireland This Gauran still egged him on to try his fortune and trust to the helpe of God assuring him that there could be no doubt of victorie But yet it fell out otherwise for by the valour of Richard Bingham Mac-Guiâ— was put to flight and his Primate and many more slaine Hereupon Mac-Guir breakes out into an open rebellion whom Tir-Oen persuing out of a counterfeit officiousnesse receiued a great wound to the praise both of his valour and loyalty Dowdall an Englishman and a valiant Commander beset tooke Iâ—eskelline neere the Lake Erne which was Mac-guirs best and strongest fortresse wherein he slew most that lay at Garrison in it And at that time were the pure Irishmen first chosen to be Commanders and put into Bands who being alwaies disloyall to the English made most thinke it then most vnprouidently done which truely they all found afterward indeed In the meane time the Earle of Tir-Oen keeping a watchfull eye ouer his owne affaires now began to challenge to himselfe the Title of O-Neale in comparison whereof the very Title of Caesar is base in Ireland by reason that Turlogh Lenigh was newly dead who before bore that Title forgetting his oath and promised faith to the Queene and paine of treason Yet it seemes hee forgot it not but would excuse it that hee onely did challenge it to himselfe to preuent others that likely else would doe so much And at last hee promiseth to renounce and disclaime all his right to it but yet earnestly desires that he be not bound thereto by any oath Presently after that he surpriseth one or two of Shan O-Neales sonnes that either by their own craftâ—nesse or some others conâ—iuence had escaped out of prison fearing leâ—t they might be a hinderance vnto him for he well knew in what esteeme they were amongst their owne and how easily they might bee able to crush all his pâ—ots and practises whatsoeuer Therefore when hee was expresly commanded by the Lord Deputy to set them at liberty hee still refused it onely complaining grieuously of the ill will of the Lord Deputy towards him the treachery of the Marshall and the iniuries of them that lay in Garrison yet he so couertly boâ—â— all this as that as if he had forgotten it all he came and professed obedience vnto the Depâ—ty giâ—ing his faith for security thereof and so in an humble submission returned home againe THE SEVEN and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1594. THe Queene perswaded her selfe that she could easily quench this young and modest rebellion that scarce durst shew it selfe in Ireland if that once she had but weakened a little that apparant and open faction in Scotland Wherefore hauing beene asked her counsell by the King of Scotlâ—â—d what she thought of the Decrees made by the States of Scotland for the preseruation of Religion and the peace of the Kingdome She sendeth Edward Lord Zouch into Scotland that he might confirme the Peeres of the English partie in their obedience and exact greater seuerity against those of the Spanish then that which the Decree ordained Since that it was most certainly confirmed that they had beene at Masse that they harboured Iesuites and Priests that they had sent blancks ouer into Spaine with their hands and seales thereto And â—ince that euen the Spaniard was now in contemplation and very neere practise of inuading England by Land-forces through Scotland which before he could not by Sea with all his inuincible Nauy The King made answer thereunto that he would vse all seuerity against the Papists that the Statutes of the kingdome could allow and that if they being giuen warning to shall not obey he would pursue them till such time that he should bring them into order or driue them out of the kingdome if so be that the Queene whom it concerned as much as himselfe would ioyne with him Zouch being somewhat peremptory in vrging seuere persecution of the Papists for indeed some of the zealous Ministers of Scotland continually suggested to the Queene that the King dealt more fauourably with Papists then either the necessity of the time would or his owne conscience if it were vpright could suffer him to doe the King demanded whether or no he were vnder any bodies authority or whether his Queene would prescribe him a forme of gouernment that was an absolute King But withall protesting that he would strongly defend his Religion and inuiolably preserue peace and amity with the Queene Yet againe somewhat complaining that Bothwell a most troublesome Rebell should be fostered vp in England since that hee so readily had deliuered to the Queenes hand the Irish Rebell O-Rorke that lurked in Scotland But Bothwell it seemes staid not long lurking in England but againe hee bore vp his rebellious Ensignes against his King and hauing entred Scotland with foure hundred Horse of Borderers of Scotland hee came as farre as Leeth without any impediment or resistance and hauing come thither after the Art of rebellion that colours fowlest deeds with fairest pretences he published this in writing SInce that the true Religion towards God the safety of the King the Honour the Iustice thereof the Commonwealth it selfe and that commodious friendship betweene the Kingdomes of Scotland and England were now in the extremity of danger by reason of some pernitious Counsellours who had crept into the Common-wealth who had suffered Masse-Priests to wander from Village to Village who had giuen ostages to the Low Countries and sent for Spaniards ouer to oppresse both the Religion and the Common-wealth and to breake the League with England That therefore he with the Nobility the Lords and Burgesses ioyned with him had determined out of their
warlike munitions which they were a transporting into Spaine against England whereas this was not lawfull for them to do euen by the best vertue of their Priuiledges That moreouer it was publikely defended through their Citiâ—s that they should not doe so except they would be esteemed as enemies to England Thâ—t their ships were dismissed and that nothing was detained but their Munition and warlike prouisiâ—n which was lawfull for her to doe by the law of Armes And concerning Monopolies that the Germans themselues haue testified in open writings that the manner of the English traffique with them is farre from Monopolie And that therefore she did hope that the Emperiall Edict which was by them obtained to forbid English traffique would be suspended especially sinâ—e that the States of the Empire could not be well enformed of the priuiledges belonging to the Lawes and Rights of the Realme of England whiâ—h being an absolute Kingdome acknowledgeth no Superiour Yet in the middest of all these there was great store of Corne brougâ—t in by them into England after that they had licence to bring in without custom which much eased the penâ—ry the land was almost drouen to which by reason of conâ—inuall raine spoyling that which would haue grown and daily priuate transportation of that which was growne did so languish that some of the poorer sort began to mutinie About this time died Philip Howard Earle of Arundell in the Tower of London who had felt the mercifull iustice of the Queene who did so punish his fault that yet she spared his life euer since hee was condemned in 1589. since which time he wholly gaue himselfe ouer to sacred meditations and being bound thereto by the institution of his streight and seuere religion almost pined himselfe to death hauing left onely Thomas his Sonne by Anna Parre Gilleâ—â—and About this time also departed William Lord Vaulx one no lesse deuote to the Roman Religion to whom succeeded Edward his Nephew by his Sonne and Elizabeth Roper Also Thomas Heneage seruant to the Queene euen from his youth first Treasurer of her Bed-Chamber then Sub-Chamberlaine and Chancellor of the Duâ—chy of Lancaster a man borne for the Court hauing left one Daughter which encreased the family of the Finches both with wealth and children Towards the latter end of the yeare William Whitaker died a famous Diuine for learning and life he was Regius Professor in Diuinty at Cambridge for 15. yeares and President of St. Iohns Colledge in Cambridge Hauing much impouerished his weake body by continuall study euen at that time when the question was so riâ—e among the Diuines whether a true and iustifying faith may be lost he was freed from this body of flesh and lost his life hauing left behinde him the desire and the loue of the present times and the enuie of posterity that cannot bring forth his paralell In the same moneth Sir Roger Williams a Welchâ—man departed this life also being of the Family of Pen-rose in Munmouth shire First he was a hireling vnder the Duke of Alba afterwards hauing run through all the degrees of Military offices he might haue bin sided with the best of our times if his discretion could haue but well tempered his hot furious valour In this certainly he out went many that being vnlearned and onely tutor'd by experience hee penned the History of the Low Countrey warres with very exquisite iudgement at which indeed he himselfe was present Besides he defended the Military Art of these dayes against that of the former dayes in an excellent Booke but to the great enuie and discontent of some old-beaten Souldiers and other louers of Archery The Earle of Essex and all the warlike men of the City mourned at his Funerall in Pauls Shortly after died Sir Thomas Morgan his kinsman somewhat ancienter of the old house of the Morgans of Pencarn in the same Shire borne he being nourished vp in warlike affaires got the loue of all men but especially of the Queen to whom he exhibited and gaue vp the assignment of an yearly pension of great value proffered by the Spaniard if he would turne to his side onely being content with a small part thereof In the meane time Russell Lord Deputy of Ireland foreseeing that the passages of the last yeare would breed a dolefull warre in which they were likely to end dealt with his friends here in England that some choise fellow and warlike Souldiers might be sent ouer who might helpe him with their paines and counsell and he earnestly wished that Baskeruile might be the man although he named none But he was sent whom he little expected euen Sir Iohn Norris a man very well skilled in Martiall discipline valiant against any danger and very famous for that which he had already done Assoone as Earle Tir-Oen had vnderstood that hee was come with 1300. old trained Souldiers that had beene in seruice both in Britaine in France and in the Low Countries besides a new supply of fresh Souldiers adioyned to them and besides that all these English forces were intended to march towards Ballishonon and Belicke two Castles at the end of the Lake Earne hee being somewhat guilty in his owne conscience sodainly assaulted the Fortresse at Blacke-water by which was a passage into the Countie of Tir-Oen and he as easily tooke it as he eagerly assaulted it Sir Edward Cornwall the Gouernour thereof being negligently absent And in almost the very same minute through the vnconstancy of his vnsetled minde on the one side he sends Letters to the Earle of Kildare wherein he proffers his assistance against the iniuries of the Ministers of the Deputy On the otherside to the Earle of Ormond Sir Henry Wallop Treasurer of the Army he promiseth to continue still in his loyalty And in Letters sent to Sir Iohn Norris he intreats him to deale fauourably with him and not cause him vnwillingly to breake his faith and loyalty But Marshall Bagnall surprised these Letters which turned to his further harme as the Earle afterwards complained For presently after in the moneth of Iuly he is proclaimed by Proclamation both in Irish and in English an enemy to his Countrey and a Traytour vnder the name of Hugh O Neale Sonne of Mathew Fadareâ—gh that is an Iron-smith the base-borne son of Con O Neale In the Proclamation first was proposed his ingratitude against the Queene who had relieued his pouerty with a yearely pension lifted him vp to the Title of an Earle enriched him with possessions aboue other Irish Earles pardoned him the iniuries done his neighbours and his barbarous crâ—eltie vsed vpon Shan O Neales sonne whom he strangled before hee came euer to â—ryall then is declared how he vsed the rest of his sonnes by keeping them in prison then how perâ—idiously he enticed the Nobles of VIster inâ—â—he company of his rebellion and lastly pardon is promised to all that forsake him and euery man seuerely warned not to furnish
be at anothers call or whistle Within the compasse of this yeare some of the greater sort and of the Nobility departed this life Amongst whom the best worthy memory were Iohn Puckering Lord Keeper of the great Seale who although he himselfe were a man of an vpright sincerity yet by reason of his corrupted seruants that set to faire Ecclesiasticall Benefices for the best price he was but hardly spoken of by the Clergy men Thomas Egerton the Queenes Attourney Generall succeeded him in his place who in the integrity of his vertues equallâ—d the great expectation that was of him Richard Fletcher Bishop of London a very famous Prelate who being sorely troubled with the displeasure of the Queene at his marriage as she was at the marriage of all the Clergy to get that away lost his life Henry Cary Lord Hunsdon Lord Chamberlaine of the Queenes Court Gouernour of Berwicke and Knight of the Order of S. George a man of a great stomacke but very cholericke and somewhat discontented that being somewhat of kinne to the Queene hee attained but meane honours and wealth departed also his Sonne George succeeded him in his dignities and the Lord Cobham in the Chamberlaines place who continued in it but few moneths Another was Francis Knolles who had married the Lord Hunsdons Sister and for the truth of the Gospell had beene banished into Germany first hee was Sub-Chamberlaine to the Queene afterwards Captaine of the Guard afterwards Treasurer of the Queenes Houshold and one of the Order of S. George In his Treasurer-ship Roger Lord North succeeded him and his Sonne William Knolles was made Comptroller of the Houshold Another towards the end of the yeere was Henry Hastings Earle of Huntingdon the third of that stocke President of the Councell in the Northerne quarters and being a man of a milde disposition but very earnest in the purity of his religion he spent most of his patrimony in costly succouring and cherishing of the more feruent sort of Ministers He was buried in the county of Leicester and Francis L. Hastings died then to And the Presidency of the Councell committed to Matthew Hutton Archbishop of Yorke but without the title of President Neither among so many men is the death of that worthy woman Margaret Clifford Countesse of Darby the onely daughter of Henry Clifford Earle of Cumberland which hee had by Elenor Brandon the Niece of Henry the Eight to bee concealed who out of a womanish curiosity and weakenes of her sexe being too credulous and somewhat ambitious of farre fetcht hopes dealt with Southsayers and in striuing to get the knowledge of things to come lost the presentfauour of the Queene and her life presently after THE FORTIETH Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1597. IN the beginning of this yeere how great prayse of their valor Robert Sidney and Francis Verâ— with the English forces in the battel at Turnholt in Brabant vnder the conduct of Maurice of Nâ—ssaw did deserue beare away hauing slaine 2000. Neapolitanes and Germanes the Low Countries historie doeth report I hasten and intend to greater matters The Queene being giuen credibly to vnderstand that the Spaniard was prouiding a new piece of warre out of the old decayed reliques and other ships which he intended against Ireland prepares her Nauy of ten of her owne Ships and as many Hollanders either to diuert his proiect or to delay it But when as this number seemed but very small there were more added fiue thousand Souldiers prest besides a thousand old Souldiers whom Vere brought out of the Low-Countries So that in all in this Nauy there were one hundred and twenty Ships Seuenteene of the Queenes three and forty little men of warre the rest to carry prouision The Nauy was diuided into three Squadrons Essex commanded the first who had the whole Expedition committed to his care Thomas Howard the second and Walter Rawleigh the third Charles Blunt Lord Montioy was Captaine of the Souldiers vnder the Earle of Essex and Sir Francis Vere Serieant Maior Sir George Carew master of the Ordnance and Engines and Sir Christopher Blunt chiefe Colonell To this warre also went the Earles of Rutland and Southampton the Lord Grey Cromwell and Rich with many other Knights and other Gentlemen These with their sailes displayed and other costly vanitie that is peculiar to the English when they goe to warre set forth from Plimmouth the ninth day of luly After two dayes to euery Ship was deliuered her Commission signed whither she should bend her course which way to Feroll and the Groyne that there they might expect the Spanish Nauy and assault it and surprize the Indy Nauy at Azores After mature deliberation this was thought most expedient to be done For so should England rest in security the Nauies of both the Indies being not defended should be easierly surprized the Islands Azores should be surprized where both the rich Nauies from the Iâ—dies in their returne arriue and water themselues The Queen should be made absolute Commandresse of the Sea The Spaniard dispoyled of his Nauy should either bee compelled to a peace vpon any equall tearmes or to his great dammage to renue his warres againe Essex had resolued as at least made shew and sometimes publiquely professed That he would either vanquish this Nauy that so hath threatned England the last yeare or else sacrifice himselfe to the good of his Countrey But they had scarâ—e gone forty leagues from Plimmouth when a fearefull tempest rushes vpon them Northâ—west and a mist takes away sight from them The Ayre with thunder and the water with tumultuous waues reflecting from the sides of the ships with a fearefull Eccho did so rage foure dayes together that the Mariners themselues were affraid the Souldiers trembled and the whole Nauy much diâ—â—ected not without great danger hardly recouered Plimmouth againe and other coasts thereabouts the Admirall it selfe was so battered that it was scarce of any â—se some of 〈◊〉 fresh-water Souldiers were so troubled with an â—nmannerly Stomack that they stole home againe secretly The Naâ—y being againe refresht and repayred although to the diminishing both of the number strength of the former forthwith puts forth againe but found the winds so contrary that for a whole moneth they could not get out of the Hauens And by that time prouisioÌ„ of victuals grew very scarce among them whereof they could haue no supply but out of the East part of England and that in no little time wherefore it seemed good vnto them to discharge all their Souldiers beside one thousand old ones and to dismisse most of their Ships of lesser weight and not to goe to Ferâ—ll or the Groyne And then it fell to be deliberated on whether or no they should make their expedition to the Islands Azores which all agreed vpon that they should but only Vere who said it would neither be for the profit nor the credit of the Queene since that
from any honour and inheritance that might fall to him by his Vnckle Yet for all this although in the daies of Queene Mary he was besides condemned of treason he was by the Queene restored to his honour againe as if so be he had neuer been condemned But when as this Lord by the reason of the sentence of the Parliament could not enioy his Grandfathers honour by the especiall fauour of the Queene he was a new created Lord Da-la-ware and as long as he liued he enioyed his place according to the time of his creating The Queene referred this matter to the Parliament-house who hauing found that the former sentence against the former Lord was onely personall and not touching his progeny and that his banishment in the time of Queene Mary nothing hindered him from losing that honour which he had not and that he was restored againe shortly after as also that his ancient honour is not extinguished by reason of a new creation but onely as it were lay asleepe as long as he liued when it was not in him in the time of his being created they allotted him the place of his Ancestors betweene the Lord Willoughby and Barcley where he was iustly placed Also Thomas Howard the second sonne of the Duke of Norfolke who but lately before was made knight of the Garter was called to this Parliament by the title of Lord Howard of Walden and he being at that time sicke the Lord Scroope was brought into the vpper House betweene two Lords bearing his Roll in his Parliament Robes the King of Armes going before him That when the Lord Keeper had read publikely he was seated below all the rest of the Lords although that elsewhere the younger sonnes of Dukes take place of Viscounts Since as appeares in an act of the Parliament Records in the sixt yeare of Henry the eight when Thomas Howard Earle of Surrey being called to the Parliament challenged to himselfe the place of going or sitting before the Earles because he was the eldest sonne of a Duke It was decreed by the Parliament that he should sit in Parliament according to the order of his creation notwithstanding that his prerogatiue of honor and worth which is due to him as the eldest son of a Duke should be reserued to him without the Parliament house This yeare died William Brookes Lord Cobham of the Order of St. George Chamberlaine to the Queene and Constable of Douer Castle Gouernour of the Cinque Ports and Chancellour Henry his sonne begot of Frances Newton succeeded him Also there died William Powlet Marquesse of Winchester the third more famous for his great wealth then for any thing else hauing left his sonne William which hee had of Anne Howard of Effingham In Ireland when as the affaires there were very turbulent and dangerous for all Vâ—ster beyond Dundalke besides the Garrison Castles Newrie Knockfergus Carlingford Greene-Castle Armach Dâ—ndrâ—m and Oldorfleet and almost all Conaugh had reuolted from the Queene the Lord Deputy Russell was recalled againe and the Lord Burrough made Deputy instead of him a man indeed of a sharpe wit and great courage but scarce insighted into the very elements of warre wherefore his election was beyond all mens opinion or expectation and more Norrises who by his deserâ—s and worthy skill had assured himselfe thereof But when as hee perceiued that his enemies at Court much preuailed and his friends as fast failed when he saw one now whom in birth he thought himselfe almost equall to and in honour and glory by reason of his exployts much superiour preferred before him and himselfe which was worst to be commanded vnder his authority to continue in the Lieutenant-ship of Mounster 〈◊〉 what with griefe thereof and discontent that Tir-â—â—n by his dissembling had mock't him out of the iudgment he was thought to haue had he shortly after died A man he was certainly of great worth and to be celebrated amongst the famous Captaines of our Nation in his time He was the second sonne of Henry Lord Norris borne of the Daughter and the other heire of the Lord Williams of Tame He first practised himselfe in warre vnder the Admirall Coline in the French ciuill warres afterwards being but a young man he was a Captaine in Ireland vnder Walter Earle of Essex He was Colonell generall of the English vnder the States of the Low Countries Marshall of the Army of the States vnder the Earle Hâ—hâ—nlâ— He was President of Mounster twelue yeares although absent most part thereof Generall of the auxiliary English in Britaine in France And to conclude he was a man of great worth if himselfe had not knowne it and he was well rewarded for his worth if his conceit had been so humble as not to haue aspired aboue if not his merits yet his birth Tir-Oâ—n now being warie enough to prouide for the security of his owne state sends his Letters to the new Deputy and very humbly desires a truce or a cessation from Armes or any kinde of hostility and it seemed indeed at that time somewhat to concerne the good of the Kingdome to grant this truce although the Deputy himselfe iudged it very hurtfull to the State Wherefore it was graunted for a moneth When the moneth was expired he assembles all his forces to the credit of his new authority and sets out in battaâ—le against the Rebels and being brought if not into danger yet either to the conceit or feare of danger and some streights hee opens himselfe a safety by valour and valiantly winnes by assault Blacke water the onely Fort of the Rebels besides the woods and bogs whereby is the entrance into the County of Tir-Oen and gaue the Rebels to vnderstand how easily they might be vanquished if hee would but insist vnpon them a little And now on the very same day wherein the Deputy and all his Army were giuing thankes vnto God for their late victory there was a sodaine alarme and all called to their armes by reason the enemy shewed himselfe from a Neighbour hill Henry Earle of Kildare with a wing of horse and some of the Nobler sort voluntaries issued forth against them and put them to flight Of the English there was wanting Francis Vaughan brother in law to the Deputy â— Turner Serjeant maior whose deaths the Earle of Kildare tooke so sorrowfully that within few dayes after he died for griefe thereof Tir-Oen now thought his fortune and credit quite vndone vnlesse he recouered againe the Fort at Black-water wherefore hee strongly besieged it The Deputy forthwith hasteneth thither as fast as he could being resolued surely to passe further into Vlster But in his full path way to great victories death arrested him leauing the great desire of him to the good and to the â—ad longer security Had â—e but liued in the iudgement of the wisest he had soone weakned the hopes of the enemy and the matters had neuer come to that danger
that so being made poore neglected of the Queene and forsaken by his friends he might become the laughing stocke to his triumphing enemies Hereupon Southampton is sent for out of the Low Countries And some Diuines counsails in Oxford demanded but for what I know not and the Earle he himselfe returnes to London And now S. Christ. Blunt being much discontented that he had brought the Earle into these troubles for he perswaded him to come ouer out of Ireland but with a few with him hauing also vnderstood that Hen. Howard had in vaine made intercession for the Earle with his potent aduersaries admonished him now as he himselfe afterwards confessed to make his owne way to the Queen intimating that besides many of the Nobility would secure him his ingresse and regresse But the Earle answered that that would breed a scruple in his conscience except he had the fauourable opinion of Preachers thereto Yet for all that he sent word to Bluâ—t by Cuffe that shortly he would take some order what to do and impart the same to him assoone as he had resolued on it And now the Earle kept open house Mericke his Steward entertaining at boord all kinde of Souldiers audacious and discontented persons that would not care whom they wounded with their tongues Euery day there was a Sermon by some precise Minister or other whither all the Citizens almost flock't daily also Ritch the Sister of the Earle that hauing lost the honour of her marriage-bed found the great discontent of the Queene lying heauy vpon her frequented thither also daily And if any man thought ill of these things why he is presently noted as an iniurious person to the honour and freedome of the Earle In the last moneth of this yeare died Roger Lord North Treasurer of the Queenes Court Sonne to Edward Lord North he was a man of a liuely disposition and his wisedome equall to his courage We haue spoken of him sufficiently in 1567. and 1574. Dudley North his Heire succeeded being nephew by the son and Dorothy the daughter and heire of Valentine Dale an excellent Lawyer In his Treasurership William Knâ—lles succeeded him Sir Edward Wottâ—n shortly after succeeded him being a man well tried in many affaires of the Common-wealth THE FOVRE and Fortieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1601. IN the beginning of this yeare the Queene was wholly taken vp with very honourable â—mbassies from the South camâ— Hamets King of 〈◊〉 â—ingitana from the North 〈…〉 Pheodâ—riwâ—cke the Emperour of Russia's She also very 〈◊〉 entertained 〈◊〉 William the Sonne of 〈…〉 Count Palatine Duke of 〈…〉 and Virginius Vrsinus the Duke of 〈…〉 and the for he was beholding to him for it Sir Ferdinando Gorge Captaine of the Garrison at Plimmouth Sir Iohn Dauis Superuisor or Ouerseer of the Engines vnder him an excellent Mathematician and Sir Iohn Littleton of Fraâ—kell wise both in councell and warre if so be all his other behauiours had beene correspondent thereunto All these to auoid suspition meeting couertly in Drury House there Essex first proposed to them a Catalogue of the Nobility that were all addicted to him wherein of Earles Lords Knights and Gentlemen he reckoned about one hundred and twenty After this he willeth them to consider and tell him whether it were best to surprize the Queene or the Tower or both together and then what they should doe with the City But it seemed best to them all to surprize the Court and that after this manner S. C. Blunt with a choice company should seize on the Gate Dauis the Hall Danuers the great Chamber of the Guard where they sit seeing who is highest amongst them and also the Presence Chamber and then Essex should come out of the Mues with some choice company and hauing way made for him come humbly to the Queene and demaund that shee would remoue from her his potent aduersaries whom he had afterwards resolued as was by some of them confessed to cite to appeare before Iudgement and hauing assembled a Parliament to change the forme of gouernment in the State But whilest these Scottish â—mbassadours and a seasonable time for this matter were daily expected suspitions increased daily of him by reason of a continuall concourse of the Commonalty to Essex house vnder pretence of hearing Sermons as also by reason of some words that fell from one of their Preachers whereby he allowed that the great Magistrates of the Kingdome had power in necessity to restraine the Princes themselues Hereupon at small inckling of the matter on the seuenth of February came Robert Sackâ—ill the sonne of the Treasurer vnder pretence of an honourable visitation but indeed out of a desire of information by knowing who vsed to come thither and what they were Presently after that is Essex sent for to the Lord Treasurers house where the Councell met there to be admonished that he should moderately vse the benefit of his libertie and the very same day a litle note was put into his hands he knew not how wherin he was warned to looke to himselfe and provide for his owne safetie But the Earle fearing that somewhat had come to light and so hee might perchance be committed againe excused himselfe by reason of some distemper in his health that he could not come to the Councell And by this time his resolution which had beene foure moneths a digesting failed and he hasteneth againe to some new plot Wherefore hauing assembled his intimate friends againe and intimated to them that some of them would shortly be imprisoned he propounded to them whither it were best or no forthwith to seize vpon the Court or to try what the Citizens will doe for him and so by their helpe set vpon it or whither or no they had rather counsell him to fly and secure himselfe that way For the surprizing of the Court they were vnprouided of Souldiers and Engines and besides some affirmed that there had beene lately watch and ward duly kept there besides that to assault the Court was inexcusable treason against the Queene Whilest they were arguing about the loue of the Citizens and some obiected the vnstaâ—â—â— disposition of the common people behold one comes in as if sent from them that promised their vtmost endeauours against all their enemies Hereupon the Earle being somewhat cheerefull began to discourse how much hee was â—oued in the Citie by most that were much addicted to his â—ame and fortune which he beleeued absolutely to be true by reason of their continuall murmuring and crying out against his hated enemies Also by other mens speeches he was perswaded that Thomas Smith then Sheriffe of London who was then Captaine of a thousand trained Souldiers would be for him vpon all occasions Wherefore he was resolued by reason that such lingring is as dangerous commonly as rashnesse the next day which was Sunday to come through the Citie with two hundred of the nobler sort and so to passe to Pauls
fellowes sorely lamenting he went and brought it in his other hand into the Towne and shewing it to the Surgeon Behold said he the arme that to day at dinner serued all my body This siege brought the King of France to Cales from whence is a short iourney ouer into England on purpose to prouide and strengthen the borders of his Kingdome which when the Queene vnderstood she sent ouer to him Sir Thomas Edmonds to see him and congratulate his health with him He againe to acknowledge this courtesie sent ouer into England to the Queene Marshall Byrone Aruerne and Aumont and many other Noblemen These the Queene entertained at Basing with such humanity and dismissed them so courteously that they much blazoned forth her meeke affablenesse seasoned both with wisdome and eloquence That truely which the French Writers report that the Queene shewed to Marshall Byrone and the rest of the French the braines of the Earle of Essex in her priuy Chappell or as others will haue it fastened to a post or stake is most ridiculous for his braines and body were truely both buried together Indeed certaine it is that amongst her talke with them she very sharply blamed the Earle of Essex concerning his vngratitude towards her and his vnaduised consultations and his scornfull contumacy in not begging pardon for his offence and that she wished that the most Christian King of France would rather vse towards his Subiects a milde kinde of seuerity then a dissolute clemency and that he would in time cut off the heads also of those that intend or plot any innouations in the state or disturbe the publique quiet This aduise of the Queene might haue well frighted Marshall Byrone from his wicked designes which he had already plotted against his King had he not beene bewitched But the force of his destinie rushing on him so besotted his blind vnderstanding that within few moneths after hee suffered the same punishment that the Earle of Essex had lately done before him Shortly after the Queene hauing returned out of the Country assembles a Parliament wherein she makes good and wholsome Lawes concerning the poore the weake and lame Souldiers and Marriners concerning fraudulent ouerseers of Wills and Testaments Concerning the deceit of Clothiers and the preying that were woont to be on the borders of Scotland But when as there did come grieuous complaints into the Lower house of Parliament against Monopolies for many had bought to themselues the power of selling some certaine commodities alone confirmed by Letters Patents vnder pretence of the publique good but truely to the great losse of the Land The Queene presently set forth a Proclamation wherein she made all her formerly granted Letters Paâ—ents voyd partly and of no effect and partly to be examined according to the Law And this was so pleasing to the Lower house that 80. of them chosen out came vnto her and by the Speaker of the House humbly gaue her thankes The Queene entertaining theiâ—â—oues very ioyfully spake to them much after this manner IOwe to you all a peculiar thankes and commendations for your large good wills towards vs not in silent thought conceiued but in deeds amply and really expressed in that ye recalled my errour which was out of ignorance and not wilfulnesse These things would haue beene turned to my disgrace and infamy if such Harpies and Horse-leaches as those had not beene made knowne by you I had rather be maimed either in my hand or my minde then to giue consent with either to these priuiledges of Monopolies The brightnesse of a Princesse Maiesty hath not so blinded my eies that liberty or licentiousnesse should preuaile with me more then Iustice. The glorie of the very name of a King may deceiue vnskilfull and vndiscreet Kings as guilded pills doe a sicke patient But I am none of those for I know that the Common-wealth ought to be gouerned for the good only of theÌ„ that are committed to it and not of him to whom it is committed and that the King must giue account of it before another Iudgment seat I thinke my selfe most happie that by Gods helpe I haue so gouerned my Kingdome as I haue done and that I haue such Subiects for whose good I would leaue Kingdome or life it selfe I desire that what other men haue trespassed in by false suggestion be not imputed to me to whom the testimony of my cleare conscience is a sufficient excuse for me You cannot chuse but know that Princes seruants are alwaies most intent for the good of their owne affaires and that truth is concealed often from Princes neither can they looke through all things who are continually troubled with great throngs of greater businesses About the beginning of this yeare died Henry Herbert Earle of Pembroke the sonne of William made Knight of the Garter in 1574 President of the Councell in Wales after the death of Henry Sidney his Father in law By whose Daughter Marie he begat William now Earle of Pembroke and Philip now Earle of Montgomery and Anne that died in the very flower of her youth Also there died Henry Lord Norris of Ricot restored to his Lands after the death of his Father but vpon some strict conditions about the inheritance of his Grandmother which was one of the Heires of Viscount Louell But the Queene made him more compleatly Lord after his Embasie into France finished with great commendation of his wisedome He begat of his wife Marie one of the Heires of Iohn Lord Williams of Tame who was in the time of Henry 8. Treasurer of the Augmentation Office and priuy Counsellour to Queene Marie a warlike progeny William his eldest sonne Marshall of Barwicke that died in Ireland to whom was borne Francis that succeeded in his Vncles honour the second was Iohn so often spoken of before the third was Thomas President of Mounster and sometimes Iustice of Ireland that died by reason of neglect of a small wound the fourth Henry that died the same death about the same time and place the fift Maximilian slaine in the warres of Britaine and Edward Gouernour of Ostend who alone suruiued his Parents Within a few daies after died Peregrine Berty Lord Willoughby of Eresby Gouernour of Barwicke who had vndergone all the Offices of a Captaine both in the Low Countries and in France and Robert his sonne by Mary Sister to Edward Earle of Oxford succeeded him And now let vs returne a little to Ireland And then we shall obserue that about this time there came out a Proclamation which also Henry 7. had forbad by Law that no man should transport English money into Ireland by reason that either the Rebels get it to themselues and purchase their prouision with it or the Merchants conuey it into other forreigne Nations to the great losse and detriment of this Kingdome Wherefore now there was great deliberation about altering the money in Ireland and mingling some Brasse with it
that Order and Company whereby I hold my selfe to be very highly honoured I haue reuerently receiued and made acceptation thereof and doe most heartily thanke you so much as in me possibly remaineth for so great Grace and Fauour tendring mine obedience and seruiceable dutie in the said Order so much as in me lyeth to doe The forme of the Oath giuen vnto the Knight of the Order of St. Michael YOu shall sweare that to your Loyall power you shall assist guard maintaine and defend the Eminency Rights and Greatnesse of the Crowne of France of the Maiestie Royall and Authority of the Soueraigne and of his successiue Soueraignes So long as you liue shall be of the said Order you shall imploy your selfe to your vttermost power to maintaine the said Order and Honour thereof taking what paines you can to augment it without suffering it to decay or diminisâ— so long as your strength may remedy and support it And if it shall so come to passe which God defend that in you there shall be found some such fault whereby according to the Statutes of the Order you are to be depriued summoned and required to re-deliuer backe the Coller in such case you must send it to the Soueraigne or the Treasurer of the Order without euermore after the said summoning wearing the said Coller and all penalties paines and corrections which in meaner matters may be censured and appointed to you you are to vndergoe and beare patiently without rancour spleene or hatred for or in that respect in you either against the Soueraigne Brethren or any Officers of the said Order You must ouer and besides this duely appeare at the Chapters and Assemblies of the Order or else must send thither according to the Statutes and Ordinances thereof your sufficient Deputy or Attourney as testifying thereby your obedience to the Soueraigne and to his Deputies or Committies in all things reasonable concerning the Duties and Affaires of the Order and your owne loyall power for the accomplishing of all the Statutes Points Articles and Ordinances which you haue seene and read in writing and shall hereafter be read vnto you To them you shall promise and sweare as well generally as particularly and to each Point you are to take an especiall Oath All these things as you are a Knight of the Order you must sweare and promise on the Soueraignes hand by your Faith Oath and Honour and on the Crosse and holy Gospels of our Lord. Pag. 139. Lin. 3. The Riuer of Elbe There is indeed such a Riuer in Germany which hath it's head neere vnto the Towne Aust in Bohemia and it falleth into the German Ocean below Hamburgh it is called by some Albis by Strabo Albium and hath no lesse then three or foure great Riuers that do empty themselues into it But yet this is not that Riuer which should be here vnderstood neither is that the true words in the Latine Edition which should signifie it For indeed for Flumen Amasim I suppose should be read Flumen Amasium or Flumen Amisium or Amisiam for according to those three seuerall pronunciations Ptolomy Pomponius and Strabo read them by which we vnderstand the Riuer Eims which ariseth in Westphalen out of a ridge of hils and emptieth it selfe in the German Ocean Pag. 140. Lin. 16. By Anna Parre By reason of the likenesse of the Letters and the naughtinesse of the written Translation Anna Parre was mistaken for Anne Dacres This Anne Dacres was Daughter to Thomas Lord Dacres and Sister and Co-heire of George Lord Dacres of Gillefland She married to the said Philip Howard Earle of Arundel and bare him Thomas Howard his onely Sonne now Earle of Arundel Pag. 140. Lin. 33. Whether a true and iustifyng faith may be lost This was that question which at that time did and euen at this present doth disquiet the vnity and peace of our English Churches A litle before the death of this worthy Whitaker it fell so out that by the Priuate and Publike maintaining of this Opinion by one Doctor Baro a Frenchman it came to such an vnhappy perfection that most and those not the meanest of that Vniversity submitted their beliefe vnto it Insomuch that Doctor Whitaker at that time Regius Professor in the Vniuersity imployed the extremity of his endeauours in his Lectures Sermons and Disputations to crush the same from getting farther Credit as is to be seene in his learned Lecture concerning Vniversall Grace his Concio ad Clerum concerning Predestination and the Certainty of Divine Grace and other of his Exercises After Him rose vp these famous Worthies of that Vniuersity Doctor Tindall Some Chatterton Willet and Perkins who by their Workes and Labours both in Latine and English endeuoured the like But it seemes the root was too deepe â—etled and a stronger hand was to be imployed to plucke it vp Hereupon the Archbishop of Canterbury that famous Prelate Whitgift is acquainted with the matter and his Pastorall care requested in the purging of these corruptions The good Archbishop willing to impart the honour of this attempt to him that he best thought worthy of it sends presently to his Colleague Hutton his Grace of Yorke to whom he sends also the questions controuerted at Cambridge and for his opinion in the decision of them The Archbishop of Yorke in the yeare of 1595. returned to his Grace of Canterbury the summe of his opinion in briefe collected in a written Treatise which was called De Electione Praedestinatione Reprobatione commentatio wherein hee most diuinely and acutely expressed his minde and the Truth The Epistle prefixed to the Treatise I thought worth the Transcribing if the Reader thinke it the perusing ACcepi jam pridem literas tuas Reverendissime Praesul veteris illius benevolentiae amoris erga me tui plenas in quibus effiagitas opinionem meam de Articulis quibusdam nuper Cantabrigiae agitatis non sine aliquâ piorum offensione qui graviter molesteque ferunt Matrem Academiam jam multitudine liberorum quidem doctissimorum florentem eâ dissentione filiorum non nihil contristatam esse Sed fieri non potest quin veniant offendicula neque desinet Inimicus homo inter triticum zizania seminare donec â—um Dominus sub pedibus contriverit Legi Articulos Relegi dum pararem aliquid de singulis dicere visum est mihi multò potiùs de ipsâ Electione Reprobatione unde illa dissentio orta esse videtur meam sententiam opinionem paucis explicare quam singulis sigillatim respondendo fratrum forsitan quorundam animos quos in veritate diligo exacerbare Meminisse potes Ornatissime Antistes cum Cantabrigiae unâ essemus sacras Literas in Scholis publicis interpretaremur eandem regulam sequuti eam semper fuisse inter nos consensionem in omnibus religionis causis ut ne minima quidem vel dissensionis vel simultatis suspicio unquam apparreet Igitur hoc tempore
Fourbisher slaine Norris recalled Hawkins his Nauigation He reacheth the Magellan streights Hee is assaulted Yeeldeth vpon condition He is sent prisoner into Spaine Set at liberty Lancasters voyage Honour conferred by a forrâ—igne Prince not to be admitted at home The death of Cardinall Alan And of Doctor Piers Archbishop of Yorke And of the Earle of Derby A contention about the lsle of Man And of the L. Dacres The death of the L Euers And the L. Chandos And the Lord Montioy Sir William Russell Lord Deputy in Ireland Tir-Oen submitteth to him He is accused by Bagâ—all But yet dismissed The Deputy prosecuteth the Rebels Tir-Oen bewrayeth his rebellious humours 1595 The King of Scotlands prouision against the Spaniard Yorke and Williams hanged Warre proclaimed in France against the Spaniard The warre growes hot Aide from England The Queenes prouision against the Spaniard More aide required from England She acquitteth herselfe of scandalouâ— imputations about the taking of Cambray The King of France perswaded to and disswaded from a Peace with the Spaniard Conditions proposed to the King of France by the Pope and his Conclaue of Cardinals Cornwall inuaded by the the Spaniard Rawleighs voyage to Guiana An expedition into America The voyagâ— to Porto Rico. Rio de la Hach fired And other little townes Their voyage towards Panama And to Scudo The Death of Sir Francis Drake The Nauy returneth home A distast betweene the Queene and the States of the Low Countries The reason of it Sir Thomas Bodley sent ouer His message The answer of the Stateâ— Some monies offered in part of paiment The Queene requireth more Great debating about the matter Conditioâ—s proposed by the States to the Queene The complaints of the Hans-townes to the Emperour against the Queene The Queenes answer The death of the Earle of Arundell And of the L. Vaulx And Sir Th. Heneage And of Doct. Whitaker S. Iohn Norris sent into Ireland Tir-Oen taketh Blacke-water Tir-Oen proclaimed Traitor The strength of the Rebels in Ireland Norris sets forwards towards Tir-Oen And the L. Deputy ioyneth with him Tir-Oen lurketh Norris seemeth too much to fauour Tir-Oen He parlieth with him Tir-Oens coâ—â—terfeit submission â—o Norris And O donells A Truce made And Feagh Mac-Hugh The danger of the Truce 1596 Wâ—llop and Gardiner sent ouer to parley with the Rebells The complaints of Tir-Oen O donels complaints Tir-Oens dissimulation layd open Feagh Mac-Hugh slaine Callis assaulted And takâ—n Queene Elizabeths praiâ—r for the Nauiâ— The Fleet weighs anchor Towards Cadiz The Nauie arriues at Cadiz The Gallies withdraw themselues The Souldiers are set on shore The bridge Suaco is broken downe The sâ—ips are burned Kâ—ights made They consult what is to be doâ—â— Pharâ— They come to Groyne They return How glorious this victory was to the English How profitable How hâ—rtfull to the Spaniard Sir Francis Vere made Gouernour of the Brill Sir Thomas Bodley is appointed Secretary The Spaniard armes a Fleet for England A great part of which was cast way Elizabeth fortifies the the shoare Enters into league with the French They both sweare to performe the league The King of France made Knight of the Garter Counterfeit Pursuivants and Apparitors are punished Thomas Arundell Count of the Sacred Empire Whether a subiect be to admit of the honour that is conferd on him by a forreine Prince Such honours not to be admitted Counts and Vicounts such as some officers in the Court of Rome Count Palatines The Queenes iudgement in this question The death of Iohn Puckering Of Richard Fletcher Bishop of London Of the Lord Hunsdon Of Francis Knolles â—f the Earle of Huntingdâ—n And of the Countesse of Darby 1597 The battle at Tournholt Rawleigh is receiued into fauour Gratiosa and Flores yeeld to Essex Villa Franca is taken A Caraque is burnt The English fleet returneth The Spanish Nauy is dispersed Contention growes betwixt Essex Rawleigh And betwixt Essex and Robert Cecill Essex is angry at the titles giuen to the Admirall Essex is made Earle 〈◊〉 Englâ—â—d An Embassadour froâ— Poland His Oration to the Queen The Queenes answer He is answered of her Counsellours The Merchants Aduenturers are forbidden trade in Germany And the Hans-Towns in England The Embassie of Sir George Carew into Poland Gedanenses What he effected with the Pâ—lacke And those of Elbing An Embassadour from the King of Denmarke The King of France requires succour from Elizabeth He takes again Amiâ—ns The Spaniard inclines to peacâ— A Parliament The Lord Laâ—ware is restored to his old place Thomas L. Howard of Walden The death of the Lord Cobham And William Powlet The L. Burrough made Deputy of Ireland Norris dieth The Deputy winnes the Fort at Black-water The Earle of Kildare dieth The Rebels besiege the Fort at Black-water The Deputy dyeth Iusticiars appointed in Ireland Tir-Oen presents his grieuances to Orâ—â—nd 1598 The King of France would mediate peace betweene the Queene and the Spaniard Embassadors sent about this businesse The King of France speakes to them The reply of the King Expostulations betweene the King and the Queene Barneuelts Oration A difference betweene Cecill and the French men The King of France stands stoâ—tly for the Queene The treaty at Vâ—râ—ins The order of the session amongst the Delegates The French haue a respect of the Queene The Elogie of Henry the 4 out of Ianine The Queene hath a carâ— of her owne estate A disceptation of peace with the Spaniard For peace Against the peace The reply for the peace Burghley for the peace Essex against the peace Essex writes his Apologie Coâ—tention betweene Essex and the Queene He beares himselfe towards her with too little reuerence He answers with indignation to this counsell Cecill Lord Burghley dies the 4. of August in the 77. yeare of his age His Natiuity and kindred Education Master of Requests Secretary to K. Edward He betakes himself to the seruice of Elizabeth He is made Baron and Trâ—asurer of England 1571. and Knight of the Garter 1584. His Issue A new agreement with the States Bodleyes Library Contention betweene the Danes and the English Philip King of Spaine died in the seuenty first yeare of his age The three keyes of the Spanish Empire The Earle of Cumberland returned into England Hee tooke Porto Rico. Râ—mors scattered against the King of Scots By Valentiâ—e Thomas The Queenes admonition to Thomas Bookes written on the King of Scots behalfe Basilicon doron The Queenes affection towards good studies The death of Thomas Stapleton Of Ri. Cosin Of Eâ—mund Spencer The Fort of Black-water besieged The English come by the worst The Fort yeelded vp Mounster reuolts 1599 Protections hurtfull to the common-wealth Mounster spoiled by the Rebels Tir-Oen brags of his victories Richard Bingham sent into Ireland He died presently after his arriuall 1599 Consultation about choosing a L. Deputie of Ireland Essex closely begs it He was made L. Deputie His Army is allotted His Commission The Earle of Essex goes into Ireland He marches
indignation of a weake Prince That the heart of the Queene is hardened I know what I haue to doe as I am a Subiect and what as I am an Earle and Marshall of England I cannot liue like a seruant and a bond-slaue If I should confesse my selfe guilty I should both iniure truth and God the authour of truth I haue receiued a dart in my whole body It is absolutely a sinne to serue after the receipt of so great a disgrace Cannot Princes erre cannot they iniure their Subiects Is their earthly power infinite T is the foole in Solomon that being strucke laughes They that receiue benefit by the errors of Princes let them beare the iniuries of Princes Let them thinke the Queenes power infinite who beleeued that God is not omnipotent As for my part I being rent in peeces with iniuries haue long eâ—ough within my brest endured the bitternesse thereof But yet for all this a little while after being more submisse hee was pardoned and receiued into fauour by the Queene whose greatest anger at any offence could neuer be stretched to a iust hatred except onely of the offence Buâ— here his Friends and Fauourers greatly began to feare a râ—ine who haue obserued that Fortune very seldome in reconciled with one whom she hath cast out of her care and that Princes are a great deale seldomer especially to those whom they themselues haue beene thought to haue offended and iniured About this time died William Cecill Lord Burghley Treasurer of England who being sorely troubled with griefe of minde and the Gout too sent his Letters to the Queene earnestly beseeching her that he might lay aside the burthen of his Offices The Queene presently vpon it came and visited him and comforted him very much but within few daies after hauing liued long enough to Nature and famous enough to Glory but onely not long enough to his Country he so quietly gaue vp the ghost that his greatest enemy could confesse that he hated nothing more or enuied any thing like to such a death in so great honour seeing that ordinarily the ends and Catastrophes of the Administratours of such great affaires as he did are both sad and sometimes sodaine Certainly he was an excellent man whom besides his venerable countenance and comely visage nature made and learning perfected to a great fame of honesty grauity temperance industry and iustice Besides these he was a wondrous well-spoken man in his curious language which neither was any way affected but plaine and easie His wisedome was strengthened by long experience and seasoned with great moderation His faith and loyalty well approued and his religious piety aboue all most to be commended To speake all in a word the Queene was most happy in such a Counsellour and England will be beholding to his counsell for euer If at any time it shall concerne posterity to know his birth he was borne at Burne in Lincolne shire in 1521. His Father was Richard Cecill Master of the Wardrope to Henry the eight his Mother Iane the Heire to the Family of Ekinton and the Walcots He when he was a young man was student in St. Iohns College at Cambridge where at the age of twenty yeares he tooke to wife Marie the Sister of Iohn Cheeke a very learned man who within one or two yeares after died Afterwards hauing beene a Student at Law in Graies Inne at London hee married Mildred a good Graecian and Latinist the Daughter of Anthony Coke Informer to Edward the sixth Hauing got into the house of the Duke of Somerset Protector of the Realme he was vnder him made Master of Requests being the first in England as I haue heard of himselfe that euer vsed that Title Afterwards he became Secretary to Edward the sixt and by him knighted He found some fauour with Queene Mary but greater with Cardinall Poole Tunstall and William Petra for his wisedome the resson of his fauour with Mary was in that although he with the rest subscribed hee most opposed that counterfeited pretence to Edwards kingdome whereby both Mary and Elizabeth were excluded from any right thereto But yet afterwards being a very religious Protestant although hee serued the times a little when he perceiued that his religion lay as a blocke in his way to all promotion he betooke himselfe to the seruice of Elizabeth she vsed his paines much in her affaires whatsoeuer Afterwards she made him one of her Priuy Councell and in the third yeare of her Raiâ—ne after the death of Sir Thomas Parry made him Master of the Wards which Office he so well performed prouidently to the good of the Orphans moderately to his owne good and liberally to the good of his Friends Kindred and followers without any iniuries that the Queene admiring his discretion committed the gouernment of all vnto him in a manner But as his power and fauour with the Queene encreased with him so did hatred and enuy in many of the Nobility against him but yet so that as he was wont to say he ouer came it with patience more then frowardnesse Afterwards the Queene hauing well approued his wisdome and loialty this thirteen yeares bestowed on him the title of Lord Burghley and Lord high Treasurer of England In which Office alwaies hating those base trickes of heaping money together as hee encreased the publike good so also his own priuate estate by his paines and parsimonie He was very vnwilling to haue any thing spent vnlesse for the honour of the Queene the defence of the Kingdome or the aide of our Neighbours He narrowly looked into although not with the eies of security yet of equity the affaires of the Custome-house and the Tole takers that belong thereto He would professe that hee neuer liked that the Exchequer should like the Spleene encrease continually and the rest of the members wither and fade away and truely hee strongly endeuoured that the Prince might not grow rich by the peoples misery of taxation but that both the one and the other might want nothing Hee would often say that nothing was profitable to the Prince that was not honourable for her also to doe and hereupon he would not suffer the Reuenews of her Lands to be encreased or the old Tenants remoued or Farmers put out As for his priuate estate he so well managed it that neither he euer went to Law with any man or any man with him Of his former wife Mary Cheeke begot hee Thomas now Earle of Exeter very fruitfull in his issue Of his second wife Mildred Coke he begat Robert Earle of Salisbury his successour in the greatest Offices of the Kingdome with the like happinesse besides two Daughters that died before himself Anne Countesse of Oxford who had three Daughters Elizabeth married to William Earle of Darby Bridget married to the Lord Norris and Susan to the Earle of Mountgomery and Elizabeth the wife of William Wentworth that died without issue The Ouerseers
of his Will were Gabriel Goodman Deane of Westminster an vpright man and Thomas Bellot Steward of his Houshold to whom he left great summes of money to be bestowed vpon pious vses which was done accordingly Although the earnest desire which Burghely had of peace effected not the same yet it greatly eased the costs charges of the warre for in the time of sicknesse the States sent ouer I. Duuenword Admirall of Holland I. Oldenbarneuelt Keeper of the Seale to whom they ioyned Natales Carrone their Agent here in England and all they preferring warre before peace agreed vpon these conditions in August which Sir Thomas Egerton Lord Keeper Essex the Admirall George Lord Hunsdon Buckhurst Knolles Cecill and Fortescâ—e Delegated by the Queene First That the League made in 1585. except onely some Articles concerning the administration of their Kingdome should be still in force and vertue Secondly That the States of the vnited Prouinces should pay the Queene 800000. pounds of good money of England viz. as long as the warre lasted against the common enemy 30. thousand pounds yearely till such time as they had payd 400. thousand pounds But if so be the peace were concluded by the Queene and Spaniard of that which remained they should pay twenty thousand pounds a yeare till they had payd eight hundred thousand pounds Thirdly That the States should pay one thousand one hundred and fifty English men at Garison in Flushing Brill and the adioyning Forts thereto Fourthly That they should presse English Souldiers vnder English Leaders which they should giue pay to Fiftly If it should chance that the Spaniard should inuade England the Isle of Wight Garnsey Iarsey or the Sillin Ilands that the States should aide England with fiue thousand foot and fiue hundred horse Sixtly That if so be England furnished a Nauie out against Spaine that the States should ioyne ship for ship therto As also if that any forces of the English were sent ouer into Flanders or Brâ—bant that they should ioyne iust as many and as much prouision Lastly That for the monies that are due to Pallauicine from the Queene which she borrowed for them the Queene should write to the Prouinces of Brabant and Flanders and the rest that are out of the Leagues By these Couenants was the Queene eased of infinite charges who euery yeare was at more or lesse then twenty thousand pounds charges with them which now she was eased of by the discretion of Burghley and the care of Sir Thomas Bodley and George Gilpine who succeeded him in the Councell for the States For Bodley being now eased of these troublesome affaires wholly commended himselfe to the care prouision for good learning worthy indeed the care of the greatest King for he began to restore the publike Library at Oxford first instituted by Humphrey Duke of Glocester but afterwards in the daies of Edward the sixt rob'd of all the Bookes almost This Library hee hauing bought with his money and other mens beneuolence the choicest Bookes that were so furnished it with them and dying left such reuenewes to it that he is worthy to be celebrated eternally and liue as long as Learning Whilest these businesses are in hand betweene England and the States the Queene sends into Denmarke the Lord Zouch and Christopher Perkins to congratulate with him his marriage with the Daughter of the Prince Elector of Brandenburgh Where with much difficulâ—y they regained the paiment backe of thirty thousand Dollers for Merchandizes which the Danish had laid hands vpon that were worth an hundred thousand Dollers And about this time also Philip the King of Spaine made sure his Daughter Isabell to Albert Cardinall of Austria and with her as a Dowry he bequeathed to him the Prouinces of the Low Countries and the County of Burgundy Whereupon the Cardinall hauing duely sent backe to Rome his Cardinals Cap and his consecrated Sword being receiued of the Pope he makes haste into Spaine But in the meane time the King of Spaine aboue seuenty yeares of age in September departed this troublesome life with great patience A Prince he was certainly whose Dominion extended so farre and neere beyond all the Emperours that he might truely say in his Motto Sol mihi semper lucet the Sunne c. he atchieued great wisedome from his fathers counsell which he improued with long experience in the affaires of this world but commonly as hee mannaged many warres so was he vnfortunate in most of them for the most part by reason that he himselfe being of a milde weake nature was gouerned by others wary counsels and his warres followed by them and not by himselfe Whereupon it came to passe that the three keyes of the Spanish Empire which his Father so called and willed him before all things to keepe diligently to wit first Gulet in Africa Flushing in Holland and Gadez in Spaine were neglected The first taken in by the Turkes the second by the Low Country confederates of the vnited Prouinces and the third much impaired and its strength much impouerished by the courage of the English not so much to the losse as disgrace of so great a King which it is likely his Father foreseeing in his life time is reported to haue admonished him to make peace with the English and the States of the Low Countries And euen much about this time George Clifford Earâ—e of Cumberland returned home into England who had at his proper cost and charges furnished a Nauy of eleuen ships to surprize some Portugall Caracks that set forth from the Riuer Tagus to the East Indies But it being heard that he houered about the costs of Portugall the Caracks tarried so long vnder Saint Iâ—lians Fort furnished with a hundred great Peeces of Ordnance that they lost the opportunity of that yeares voyage Wherefore the Earle hee bends his course towards the Canary Island and hauing taken and ransackt Lancerata and the towne after that he landed at Boriquene and setting his troopes in order hee assaulted Porto Ricâ— and hauing taken by force one or two Forts he at last got the towne not losing hardly thirty of his men in the skirmish although there were three or foure hundred souldiers at Garison besides the Townesmen And here the Earle determined to seat all his warre by reason that it was such a fit place that it was called by the Spaniard the Key of America wherefore he remooued all the Inhabitants although for ransome of that place they offered great store of Merchandise and Gold and Siluer But the bloudy 〈◊〉 and the griping in the belly did so rage amongst the English that in forty dayes for so long he continued there it consumed away seuen hundred which compelled him necessarily to returne home againe with great spoiles but greater victory yet in his spoiles hauing some threescore peeces of Ordnance of Brasse Certainly this voyage was occasion of great dammage done to the Spaniard by reason that