to_o the_o know_a law_n of_o the_o land_n 8._o for_o omnis_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o ipse_fw-la sub_fw-la nullo_n nisi_fw-la tantum_fw-la sub_fw-la deo_fw-la every_o man_n be_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o king_n and_o he_o to_o none_o but_o god_n and_o so_o the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n declare_v he_o the_o only_a supreme_a governor_n of_o this_o realm_n jac._n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o when_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o statute-law_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o king_n refuse_v to_o do_v right_a see_v no_o writ_n can_v issue_v against_o he_o there_o be_v a_o place_n for_o petition_n and_o if_o that_o prevail_v not_o satis_fw-la ei_fw-la erit_fw-la ad_fw-la poenam_fw-la say_v the_o same_o bracton_n quod_fw-la dominum_fw-la habeat_fw-la ultorem_fw-la and_o with_o this_o agree_v that_o of_o horace_n regum_fw-la timendorum_fw-la in_o proprios_fw-la greges_fw-la reges_fw-la in_o ipsos_fw-la imperium_fw-la est_fw-la jovis_n and_o in_o this_o respect_n a_o prince_n be_v not_o loose_v from_o the_o law_n for_o as_o much_o as_o concern_v the_o directive_n power_n of_o it_o but_o have_v not_o the_o law_n become_v a_o law_n to_o himself_o as_o well_o know_v claudian_n observantior_fw-la aequi_fw-la fit_a populus_fw-la nec_fw-la far_o negat_fw-la cum_fw-la viderit_fw-la ipsum_fw-la auctorem_fw-la parere_fw-la sibi_fw-la war._n 2._o as_o to_o the_o power_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n it_o be_v the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n say_v fitzherbert_n to_o defend_v his_o kingdom_n as_o well_o against_o the_o sea_n 113._o as_o against_o enemy_n which_o imply_v that_o it_o be_v his_o right_n to_o defend_v it_o against_o enemy_n and_o how_o can_v he_o do_v it_o without_o the_o right_n of_o his_o sword_n when_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o pray_v in_o aid_n of_o other_o perhaps_o they_o may_v be_v of_o another_o mind_n or_o take_v up_o so_o much_o time_n in_o the_o debate_n that_o the_o kingdom_n may_v be_v lose_v ere_o they_o resolve_v what_o to_o do_v and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o effect_n of_o consideration_a in_o those_o matter_n who_o good_a or_o ill_a fortune_n sole_o depend_v on_o expedition_n and_o secrecy_n for_o danger_n delay_n as_o the_o lord_n bacon_n say_v be_v better_o meet_v half_a way_n than_o by_o keep_v too_o long_o a_o watch_n upon_o their_o approach_n for_o if_o a_o man_n watch_v too_o long_o it_o be_v odds_o he_o will_v fall_v asleep_a but_o to_o proceed_v sir_n edw._n cook_n say_v 3.9_o no_o subject_n can_v levy_v war_n within_o the_o realm_n without_o authority_n from_o the_o king_n unto_o who_o it_o only_o belong_v and_o that_o it_o be_v high-treason_n at_o the_o common_a law_n 3.2_o before_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr proditionibus_fw-la and_o in_o calvin_n case_n he_o make_v it_o clear_a 25._o that_o to_o make_v league_n or_o denounce_v war_n only_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n who_o without_o his_o subject_n may_v grant_v letter_n of_o safe_a conduct_n and_o denization_n and_o that_o this_o high_a point_n of_o prerogative_n royal_a can_v be_v confer_v upon_o any_o other_o it_o be_v a_o right_a of_o majesty_n and_o among_o the_o badge_n of_o supreme_a power_n and_o now_o one_o will_v think_v this_o be_v enough_o and_o yet_o a_o late_a statute_n of_o this_o kingdom_n make_v it_o yet_o clear_a it_o be_v thereby_o declare_v that_o the_o sole_a supreme_a government_n command_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o militia_n 2._o and_o all_o force_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o of_o all_o force_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n be_v and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n ever_o be_v the_o undoubted_a right_n of_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o royal_a predecessor_n king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n and_o that_o both_o or_o either_o of_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n can_v nor_o aught_o to_o pretend_v to_o the_o same_o nor_o can_v nor_o lawful_o may_v raise_v or_o levy_v war_n offensive_a or_o defensive_a against_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n and_o lawful_a successor_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v not_o introductive_a of_o a_o new_a law_n but_o declaratory_a of_o the_o old_a as_o may_v be_v further_o see_v by_o the_o pen_n thereof_o and_o now_o what_o can_v be_v add_v more_o but_o the_o purse_n without_o which_o what_o be_v the_o sword_n but_o as_o the_o greek_a proverb_n have_v it_o a_o bow_n without_o a_o bowman_n for_o in_o as_o much_o as_o money_n be_v the_o sinew_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n firmamentum_fw-la belli_fw-la 1.90_o ornamentum_fw-la pacis_fw-la they_o that_o hang_v the_o sword_n on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o purse_n on_o the_o other_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o hazard_v both_o for_o neither_o can_v any_o sudden_a danger_n 42._o of_o which_o the_o king_n be_v ever_o think_v the_o judge_n be_v stave_v off_o nor_o war_n carry_v on_o nor_o the_o public_a peace_n be_v long_o preserve_v without_o it_o and_o therefore_o on_o such_o occasion_n have_v parliament_n advise_v and_o assist_v the_o king_n in_o supply_v his_o want_n without_o direct_v he_o it_o seem_v hard_a that_o he_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o proclaim_v war_n and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v it_o and_o be_v bind_v to_o defend_v his_o subject_n 1.161_o but_o deny_v the_o mean_n qui_fw-la dirimit_fw-la medium_n destruit_fw-la finem_fw-la minister_n 3._o as_o to_o the_o creation_n and_o appoint_v magistrate_n and_o officer_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v not_o under_o the_o command_n of_o other_o this_o also_o reside_v sole_o in_o the_o king_n for_o beside_o what_o i_o have_v say_v in_o the_o last_o paragraph_n touch_v his_o sole_a power_n in_o the_o order_n and_o dispose_v the_o militia_n and_o all_o force_n by_o sea_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n by_o land_n his_o be_v the_o appoint_v all_o the_o great_a officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o realm_n 2._o whether_o spiritual_a or_o temporal_a the_o high_a immediate_o by_o himself_o the_o inferior_a mediate_o by_o authority_n derive_v from_o he_o and_o as_o it_o be_v de_fw-fr lumine_fw-la lumen_fw-la so_o the_o king_n appoint_v the_o lord_n commissioner_n and_o all_o other_o the_o grand_a minister_n and_o officer_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n lord_n deputy_n lord_n justice_n and_o all_o other_o the_o grand_a minister_n and_o officer_n of_o ireland_n who_o also_o but_o in_o his_o king_n name_n appoint_v under_o he_o according_a to_o the_o extent_n of_o their_o respective_a commission_n so_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v and_o may_v at_o this_o day_n by_o letter_n patent_n make_v a_o prorex_fw-la locum_fw-la tenens_fw-la or_o guardian_n of_o the_o realm_n before_o who_o in_o their_o absence_n in_o remotis_fw-la a_o parliament_n may_v be_v hold_v 2.26_o and_o such_o be_v edward_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n 13_o edw._n 3._o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n 21_o edw._n 3._o john_n duke_n of_o bedford_n 5_o henry_n 5._o and_o the_o test_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o guardian_n name_n or_o by_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o certain_a lord_n of_o parliament_n authorise_v they_o to_o hold_v a_o parliament_n the_o king_n be_v then_o in_o the_o realm_n but_o indispose_v and_o such_o be_v that_o 3_o edw._n 4._o to_o william_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o that_o other_o 28_o eliz._n to_o john_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o other_o 3.7_o ad_fw-la inchoandum_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o ad_fw-la procedendum_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la omne_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la etc._n etc._n nec_fw-la non_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la adjournandum_fw-la &_o prorogandum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o so_o be_v parliament_n hold_v in_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n before_o the_o lord_n commissioner_n lord_n lieutenant_n lord_n deputy_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o respective_a kingdom_n appeal_n 4._o the_o power_n of_o the_o last_o appeal_n i._n e._n from_o who_o sentence_n no_o appeal_n lie_v the_o only_a person_n beside_o the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o ever_o pretend_a to_o it_o here_o 4.343_o be_v the_o pope_n though_o yet_o the_o first_o attempt_n ever_o make_v that_o way_n be_v by_o anselm_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 341._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n william_n rufus_n but_o it_o take_v no_o effect_n and_o the_o archbishop_n concern_v himself_o too_o much_o touch_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o pope_n in_o england_n the_o king_n tell_v he_o 61._o ad_fw-la officium_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la spectat_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n to_o make_v who_o he_o please_v pope_n and_o that_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n no_o archbishop_n or_o bishop_n within_o his_o realm_n shall_v yield_v any_o subjection_n to_o the_o court_n or_o pope_n of_o rome_n and_o chief_o in_o this_o respect_n cum_fw-la ipse_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la haberet_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la svo_fw-la quas_fw-la imperator_fw-la vindicabat_fw-la in_o imperio_fw-la that_o he_o have_v the_o same_o prerogative_n in_o his_o kingdom_n that_o the_o emperor_n claim_v in_o the_o empire_n and_o
in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o county-palatine_a of_o wexford_n report_v by_o sir_n john_n davys_n 693._o at_o that_o time_n attorney-general_n of_o ireland_n as_o also_o the_o county-palatine_a of_o tipperary_n former_o enjoy_v by_o the_o ancestor_n of_o his_o grace_n james_n duke_n of_o ormond_n etc._n etc._n the_o present_a lord_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o same_o and_o grant_v restore_v and_o confirm_v to_o he_o by_o letters-patent_n at_o westminster_n 20._o the_o 22._o of_o april_n in_o the_o 14_o of_o this_o king_n and_o not_o long_o afterward_o confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o ireland_n and_o whence_o also_o he_o bear_v it_o as_o a_o part_n of_o his_o title_n dominus_fw-la regalitatum_fw-la &_o libertatum_fw-la comitatus_fw-la palatini_n tipperarii_fw-la nor_o be_v this_o all_o ireland_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v create_v king_n within_o their_o own_o dominion_n and_o for_o such_o have_v the_o world_n receive_v they_o so_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o in_o the_o 13_o year_n after_o his_o come_n into_o ireland_n make_v his_o son_n john_n king_n of_o ireland_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o his_o son_n edward_n the_o first_o 38.41_o lord_n of_o ireland_n and_o well_o own_a the_o do_v it_o albeit_o until_o the_o 33_o henry_n 8._o they_o write_v but_o lord_n themselves_o for_o their_o dignity_n be_v mere_o royal_a as_o have_v their_o justice_n custodes_fw-la or_o lord_n lieutenant_n and_o all_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o royal_a estate_n and_o majesty_n of_o a_o king_n 4.357_o and_o sir_n edw._n cook_n tell_v we_o he_o have_v see_v a_o charter_n make_v in_o 20._o h._n 6._o to_o henry_n beuchamp_n earl_n of_o warwick_n 1.83_o whereby_o he_o be_v create_v king_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o as_o say_v mr._n selden_n crown_v king_n of_o the_o same_o 26._o 6._o the_o power_n of_o pardon_v which_o be_v a_o royal_a act_n of_o grace_n whereby_o the_o king_n either_o before_o conviction_n sentence_n case_n or_o attainder_n or_o after_o forgive_v any_o crime_n punishment_n execution_n right_o title_n debt_n or_o duty_n temporal_a or_o ecclesiastical_a on_o which_o account_n he_o may_v restore_v a_o man_n that_o have_v lose_v liberam_fw-la legem_fw-la by_o be_v recreant_a as_o also_o all_o that_o be_v forfeit_v to_o he_o by_o attainder_n etc._n etc._n he_o may_v restore_v by_o his_o charter_n but_o if_o by_o the_o attainder_n the_o blood_n be_v corrupt_v that_o must_v be_v restore_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o which_o 241._o more_o at_o large_a in_o sir_n edw._n cook_n title_n pardon_n and_o restitution_n 7._o to_o appoint_v the_o value_n money_n weight_n and_o stamp_v of_o his_o coin_n and_o make_v foreign_a coin_n currant_n by_o proclamation_n as_o to_o the_o first_o we_o need_v go_v no_o far_o than_o the_o small_a piece_n and_o that_o will_v tell_v we_o who_o image_n and_o superscription_n it_o be_v and_o therefore_o call_v the_o king_n money_n 114._o and_o so_o king_n john_n bring_v the_o irish_a money_n to_o the_o english_a standard_n and_o as_o to_o the_o other_o the_o same_o sir_n edw._n coke_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o king_n by_o his_o absolute_a prerogative_n may_v make_v any_o foreign_a coin_n 2.576_o lawful_a money_n of_o england_n at_o his_o pleasure_n by_o his_o proclamation_n and_o in_o another_o place_n put_v both_o together_o he_o say_v that_o lawful_a money_n of_o england_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n viz._n 1.207_o the_o english_a money_n either_o of_o gold_n or_o silver_n coin_v by_o the_o king_n authority_n or_o foreign_a coin_n by_o proclamation_n make_v currant_n within_o this_o realm_n king_n 8._o to_o receive_v liege_n homage_n of_o another_o inferior_a king_n or_o homager_n and_o such_o be_v our_o henry_n the_o second_o to_o the_o old_a king_n of_o ireland_n who_o be_v style_v reges_a &_o reguli_fw-la and_o may_v more_o particular_o appear_v in_o a_o grant_n of_o he_o to_o roderick_n king_n of_o connaught_n 26._o that_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v his_o territory_n under_o a_o certain_a tribute_n et_fw-la quam_fw-la diu_fw-la ei_fw-la fideliter_fw-la serviet_fw-la ut_fw-la sit_fw-la rex_fw-la sub_fw-la eo_fw-la paratus_n ad_fw-la servitium_fw-la suum_fw-la sicut_fw-la homo_fw-la suus_fw-la and_o that_o oneale_n be_v sometime_o style_v rex_fw-la and_o sometime_o regulus_n denote_v the_o subject-king_n of_o that_o country_n and_o long_o before_o the_o conquest_n edgar_n have_v eight_o reguli_fw-la or_o inferior_a king_n 29._o homager_n to_o he_o who_o at_o one_o time_n row_v he_o on_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi himself_o guide_v the_o helm_n and_o afterward_o glory_v to_o his_o nobility_n that_o then_o every_o one_o of_o his_o successor_n may_v boast_v himself_o to_o be_v king_n of_o england_n when_o he_o receive_v the_o like_a honour_n from_o so_o many_o king_n his_o attendant_n so_o reignald_n lord_n or_o king_n of_o man_n cui_fw-la etiam_fw-la fas_fw-la erat_fw-la corona_n aurea_fw-la coronari_fw-la and_o those_o of_o 25.38_o ireland_n do_v homage_n to_o our_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o john_n balliol_n king_n of_o scotland_n and_o david_n prince_n of_o wales_n to_o edw._n the_o first_o and_o james_z the_o first_o to_z henry_n the_o six_o for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n so_o that_o liege-lord_n be_v he_o that_o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a and_o a_o liegeman_n be_v he_o that_o owe_v liegance_n to_o his_o liege-lord_n and_o so_o the_o word_n be_v frequent_o use_v in_o our_o statute_n viz._n the_o king_n liege-people_n and_o if_o such_o a_o one_o shall_v be_v in_o open_a war_n or_o rebellion_n or_o join_v with_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n against_o the_o king_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v ransom_v or_o proceed_v with_o as_o a_o enemy_n but_o as_o a_o traitor_n 3.11_o because_o it_o be_v contra_fw-la ligeantiam_fw-la svam_fw-la debitam_fw-la and_o so_o the_o indictment_n run_v such_o be_v the_o case_n of_o david_n prince_n of_o wales_n aforesaid_a who_o have_v judgement_n of_o treason_n give_v against_o he_o for_o levy_v war_n against_o edw._n 1._o for_o that_o his_o be_v within_o the_o homage_n and_o ligeance_n of_o the_o king_n 9_o last_o to_o bear_v those_o title_n etc._n only_o proper_a to_o sovereign_a prince_n apart_o from_o all_o other_o as_o be_v indivisible_a and_o incommunicable_a and_o here_o not_o to_o insist_v on_o the_o word_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la which_o be_v familiar_o see_v in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o king_n of_o europe_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n spiritual_a lord_n both_o abroad_o and_o at_o home_n have_v of_o elder_a time_n frequent_o use_v it_o in_o their_o style_n and_o in_o a_o summons_n to_o our_o parliament_n and_o writ_n to_o assemble_v or_o prorogue_v the_o convocation_n the_o king_n give_v it_o to_o the_o arch-bishop_n as_o rex_fw-la etc._n etc._n reverendissimo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la predilatoque_fw-la &_o fideli_fw-la consiliario_fw-la nostro_fw-la a._n eadem_fw-la gratia_n archiepiscopo_fw-la cant._n etc._n etc._n but_o in_o warrant_n and_o commission_n to_o they_o it_o be_v general_o omit_v 594._o and_o never_o use_v by_o themselves_o when_o they_o write_v to_o the_o pope_n emperor_n or_o a_o king_n 92._o but_o thus_o a._n licet_fw-la indignus_fw-la etc._n etc._n archiepiscopus_fw-la or_o episcopus_fw-la b._n etc._n etc._n whereby_o the_o present_a use_n of_o it_o among_o ourselves_o be_v easy_o reconcile_v in_o that_o they_o receive_v the_o attribute_n not_o give_v it_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o person_n common_o style_v by_o that_o abstract_n of_o majesty_n as_o your_o majesty_n his_o majesty_n which_o come_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o christendom_n from_o the_o use_n of_o it_o in_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o word_n in_o itself_o denote_v all_o kind_n of_o special_a dignity_n and_o if_o as_o we_o shall_v say_v in_o english_a a_o greatness_n and_o to_o peruse_v our_o statute_n from_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la to_o our_o own_o time_n the_o most_o usual_a expression_n be_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n most_o excellent_a highness_n royal_a majesty_n noble_a grace_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n most_o royal_a majesty_n dread_a sovereign_a lord_n most_o gracious_a sovereign_n and_o as_o we_o use_v it_o now_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n and_o sacred_a majesty_n which_o be_v but_o the_o same_o attribute_n in_o other_o word_n and_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n so_o unalienable_a from_o sovereignty_n that_o they_o can_v by_o no_o process_n of_o time_n be_v prescribe_v against_o or_o usurp_v upon_o neither_o can_v it_o at_o all_o be_v call_v a_o usurpation_n as_o if_o it_o be_v proper_a only_o to_o god_n unless_o we_o as_o well_o deny_v wisdom_n power_n clemency_n or_o any_o other_o quality_n to_o be_v attribute_v to_o man_n because_o those_o also_o as_o all_o else_o which_o be_v great_a or_o good_a be_v primary_o in_o he_o and_o so_o i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o mark_n of_o sovereignty_n as_o they_o be_v general_o receive_v law_n and_o now_o if_o there_o want_v any_o thing_n to_o
elizabeth_n 3._o most_o dread_a sovereign_a lady_n etc._n etc._n we_o your_o most_o humble_a faithful_a and_o obedient_a subject_n the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n so_o to_o queen_n mary_n 2._o we_o your_o highness_n most_o love_v faithful_a and_o obedient_a subject_n etc._n etc._n do_v beseech_v your_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n that_o it_o may_v be_v enact_v etc._n etc._n so_o to_o h._n 8._o in_o their_o most_o humble_a wise_a 7._o show_v to_o your_o most_o royal_a majesty_n the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o to_o rich._n 3._o and_o backward_o 3._o by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o to_o edw._n 4._o 4._o by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o his_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o at_o the_o special_a request_n of_o his_o commons_o to_o h._n 6._o by_o etc._n etc._n and_o at_o the_o special_a instance_n and_o request_n to_o h._n 5._o the_o same_o to_o h._n 4._o at_o the_o instance_n and_o special_a request_n to_o r._n 2._o the_o same_o 3._o in_o edw._n 3.'s_n time_n these_o thing_n underwrite_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o be_v establish_v and_o enact_v by_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n his_o prelate_n earl_n 3._o and_o baron_n so_o by_o the_o assent_n and_o prayer_n of_o the_o great_a man_n and_o the_o commons_o and_o in_o edw._n 1.'s_n time_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n 1._o by_o their_o petition_n make_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n as_o may_v be_v further_o see_v in_o the_o statute_n at_o large_a 3._o till_o you_o can_v go_v no_o further_o backward_o than_o the_o king_n command_v in_o which_o also_o i_o have_v be_v the_o large_a that_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o time_n i_o may_v show_v that_o this_o be_v not_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o corporation_n or_o the_o language_n of_o equal_n and_o shall_v be_v my_o first_o argument_n why_o the_o king_n be_v none_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n 2._o this_o will_v further_o appear_v be_v if_o we_o shall_v consider_v who_o these_o three_o estate_n be_v and_o those_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o lord_n spiritual_a viz._n arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n 4.1_o who_o sit_v in_o parliament_n by_o succession_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o barony_n parcel_n of_o their_o bishopric_n 2._o the_o lord_n temporal_a as_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n viscount_n baron_n who_o sit_v there_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o dignity_n which_o they_o hold_v by_o descent_n or_o creation_n and_o the_o three_o estate_n the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n viz._n knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n of_o city_n and_o burgess_n of_o burrough_n respective_o elect_v by_o force_n of_o the_o king_n writ_n which_o three_o estate_n sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v the_o frenchman_n call_v 1.110_o les_fw-fr estate_n or_o l'_n assemble_v des_fw-fr estate_n and_o philip_n de_fw-fr comines_n 5.233_o speak_v how_o the_o english_a grant_n subsidy_n convocatis_fw-la say_v he_o primis_fw-la ordinibus_fw-la &_o assentiente_fw-la populo_fw-la the_o first_o or_o chief_a estate_n be_v call_v together_o and_o the_o people_n assent_v and_o bodin_n who_o by_o his_o conference_n with_o the_o english_a ambassador_n 1._o for_o so_o himself_o confess_v wherever_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o constitution_n of_o england_n call_v it_o the_o king_n and_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n 1674._o like_o which_o the_o republic_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o interregnum_fw-la between_o the_o death_n of_o one_o king_n and_o the_o election_n of_o another_o be_v style_v serenissimae_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la regni_fw-la poloniae_fw-la etc._n etc._n congregati_fw-la ordines_fw-la the_o estate_n assemble_v and_o such_o be_v the_o amplissimi_fw-la ordines_fw-la among_o the_o roman_n viz._n the_o senate_n of_o who_o the_o emperor_n be_v no_o part_n and_o signify_v with_o we_o the_o estate_n of_o people_n among_o ourselves_o viz._n the_o clergy_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o commons_o which_o be_v due_o assemble_v we_o call_v a_o parliament_n and_o so_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n speak_v of_o the_o word_n parliament_n sai_z it_o be_v 449._o solenne_fw-fr colloquium_fw-la omnium_fw-la ordinum_fw-la regni_fw-la authoritate_fw-la solius_fw-la regis_fw-la ad_fw-la consulendum_fw-la statuendumque_fw-la de_fw-la negotiis_fw-la regni_fw-la indictum_fw-la a_o parliament_n say_v he_o be_v a_o solemn_a conference_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n command_v together_o by_o the_o sole_a authority_n of_o the_o king_n to_o consult_v and_o order_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n from_o whence_o it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o king_n be_v none_o of_o they_o but_o as_o the_o apostle_n say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o have_v the_o pre-eminence_n over_o they_o 2.13_o for_o quicquid_fw-la efficit_fw-la tale_n est_fw-la magis_fw-la tale_n whatever_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v great_a than_o the_o thing_n cause_v power_n 3._o to_o presume_v the_o king_n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n be_v to_o make_v he_o but_o a_o coordinate_a power_n and_o consequent_o concludible_a by_o the_o other_o two_o for_o par_fw-fr in_o parem_n non_fw-la habet_fw-la imperium_fw-la among_o equal_n there_o be_v no_o authority_n whereas_o the_o supreme_a title_n of_o king_n be_v distinguish_v from_o other_o in_o this_o that_o it_o acknowledge_v no_o other_o superior_a and_o bodin_n speak_v of_o a_o supreme_a monarch_n say_v he_o be_v next_o to_o god_n of_o who_o he_o hold_v his_o sceptre_n and_o be_v bind_v to_o no_o man_n and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n berk_o regum_fw-la cognata_fw-la potentia_fw-la coelo_fw-la 1._o whence_o it_o natural_o follow_v that_o this_o honour_n be_v not_o to_o be_v share_v with_o another_o 4._o which_o be_v a_o negative_a instance_n himself_o and_o one_o negative_a instance_n say_v the_o lord_n bacon_n be_v of_o more_o force_n 46._o to_o unfix_v a_o pretend_v rule_n than_o two_o affirmative_a to_o establish_v it_o if_o the_o king_n be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n he_o shall_v be_v summon_v by_o writ_n but_o because_o all_o writ_n issue_v in_o his_o name_n it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o he_o can_v summon_v himself_o or_o supplicate_v himself_o as_o both_o house_n do_v he_o or_o not_o to_o have_v power_n to_o depart_v without_o leave_n i._n e._n of_o himself_o see_v they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o assemble_v determine_v or_o depart_v part_n without_o the_o king_n express_a commandment_n estate_n 5._o if_o the_o king_n be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n than_o it_o follow_v of_o course_n as_o undeniable_a that_o before_o the_o commons_o become_v a_o three_o estate_n and_o a_o constituent_a part_n of_o a_o parliament_n as_o they_o be_v at_o this_o day_n that_o the_o king_n must_v have_v be_v one_o estate_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a a_o second_o the_o lord_n temporal_a a_o three_o or_o otherwise_o there_o can_v not_o have_v be_v three_o estate_n and_o now_o the_o commons_o since_o the_o writ_n for_o their_o election_n be_v become_v another_o what_o hinder_v but_o that_o they_o make_v a_o four_o unless_o perhaps_o we_o deny_v the_o lord_n spiritual_a to_o have_v be_v one_o and_o then_o before_o the_o commons_o there_o can_v be_v but_o two_o to_o examine_v it_o a_o little_a that_o great_a council_n of_o king_n their_o noble_n wise_a man_n and_o chief_a officer_n be_v frequent_o hold_v of_o ancient_a time_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o thing_n more_o obvious_a but_o whether_o the_o commonalty_n scarce_o yet_o civilise_v or_o if_o so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n if_o not_o whole_o without_o literature_n be_v any_o essential_a or_o constituent_a part_n of_o those_o great_a council_n and_o government_n may_v be_v a_o question_n at_o this_o day_n if_o there_o be_v any_o sufficient_a ground_n on_o which_o to_o raise_v it_o convocavit_fw-la david_n omnes_fw-la principes_fw-la israel_n deuce_n tribuum_fw-la 28.1_o &_o praepositos_fw-la turmarum_fw-la qui_fw-la ministrabant_fw-la regi_fw-la tribunos_fw-la quoque_fw-la &_o centuriones_n &_o qui_fw-la praeerant_fw-la substantiae_fw-la regis_fw-la filiosque_fw-la suos_fw-la cum_fw-la eunuchis_fw-la &_o potentes_fw-la &_o robustissimos_fw-la quosque_fw-la in_o exercitu_fw-la jerusalem_n david_n call_v together_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o israel_n the_o leader_n of_o the_o tribe_n and_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o company_n that_o serve_v under_o he_o and_o the_o captain_n over_o the_o thousand_o and_o the_o captain_n over_o the_o hundred_o and_o the_o steward_n over_o all_o the_o substance_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o son_n with_o the_o officer_n and_o mighty_a man_n and_o valiant_a man_n unto_o jerusalem_n by_o which_o you_o see_v of_o what_o person_n this_o great_a council_n consist_v all_o man_n of_o the_o first_o note_n and_o not_o a_o word_n of_o the_o people_n in_o like_a manner_n solomon_n 5.2_o congregavit_fw-la majores_fw-la natu_fw-la israel_n &_o cunctos_fw-la principes_fw-la tribuum_fw-la &_o capita_n familiarum_fw-la de_fw-la filiis_fw-la israel_n in_o jerusalem_n he_o
of_o the_o say_v interdict_v and_o thereby_o also_o promise_v they_o a_o re-payment_n with_o thanks_o so_o that_o he_o only_o borrow_v money_n of_o they_o on_o that_o particular_a occasion_n but_o do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o hint_n or_o direct_v they_o to_o send_v their_o proxy_n or_o representative_n to_o any_o great_a council_n to_o be_v then_o call_v as_o we_o have_v it_o and_o the_o history_n of_o that_o time_n more_o at_o large_a 99_o in_o the_o say_a answer_n to_o mr._n petit._n and_o now_o have_v offer_v thus_o far_o to_o this_o matter_n i_o shall_v go_v on_o with_o the_o reason_n of_o those_o time_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v thus_o william_n the_o conqueror_n have_v subdue_v england_n begin_v now_o to_o consider_v the_o way_n of_o secure_v it_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o proverb_n cut_v large_a thong_n out_o of_o other_o man_n hide_n and_o as_o a_o reward_n of_o the_o service_n do_v he_o grant_v a_o certain_a compass_n or_o circuit_n of_o land_n unto_o such_o of_o his_o chief_a man_n as_o have_v assist_v he_o in_o the_o acquisition_n to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n to_o dwell_v on_o and_o exercise_v such_o jurisdiction_n therein_o as_o he_o think_v good_a to_o grant_v perform_v also_o such_o service_n and_o pay_v he_o such_o yearly_a rent_n as_o the_o grant_v require_v they_o again_o parcele_v this_o land_n to_o such_o other_o mean_a man_n as_o have_v follow_v they_o in_o the_o expedition_n under_o such_o service_n and_o rent_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o by_o this_o mean_n as_o those_o great_a man_n become_v tenant_n to_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a so_o the_o inferior_n become_v tenant_n to_o they_o who_o as_o superior_n exercise_v a_o kind_n of_o little_a kingship_n over_o they_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n be_v supreme_a lord_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o impose_v from_o time_n to_o time_n such_o law_n as_o by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_v of_o those_o his_o baron_n be_v think_v expedient_a and_o unto_o which_o 451._o consentire_fw-la inferior_a cuique_fw-la vis_fw-la we_o est_fw-la in_fw-la persona_fw-la domini_fw-la svi_fw-la capitalis_fw-la prout_fw-la hodie_fw-la per_fw-la procuratores_fw-la comitatus_fw-la vel_fw-la burgi_n quos_fw-la in_o parliamentis_fw-la knight_n and_o burgess_n appellamus_fw-la to_o which_o every_o inferior_a say_v he_o be_v presume_v to_o consent_v in_o the_o person_n of_o his_o chief_a lord_n from_o who_o he_o hold_v as_o at_o this_o day_n by_o the_o representatives_n of_o county_n and_o burrough_n in_o parliament_n who_o we_o call_v knight_n and_o burgess_n and_o certain_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n to_o be_v make_v but_o that_o if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o such_o privilege_n of_o ancient_a time_n belong_v to_o the_o people_n that_o the_o historian_n of_o those_o time_n will_v not_o have_v pass_v so_o material_a a_o thing_n in_o silence_n especial_o consider_v how_o many_o of_o lesser_a account_n be_v every_o where_o find_v among_o they_o polidor_n virgil_n will_v have_v the_o commons_o to_o have_v be_v bring_v into_o those_o great_a council_n in_o the_o 16_o of_o henry_n i._o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n about_o the_o 18_o of_o that_o king_n but_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n will_v not_o allow_v it_o his_o word_n be_v these_o sine_fw-la ut_fw-la sodes_fw-la dicam_fw-la ibidem_fw-la collegisse_fw-la i_o centenas_fw-la reor_fw-la conciliorum_fw-la edictiones_fw-la tenoresque_fw-la ipsos_fw-la plurimorum_fw-la ab_fw-la ingressu_fw-la guilielmi_n 1_o ad_fw-la excessum_fw-la hen._n 3._o existentium_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o tanta_fw-la multitudine_fw-la de_fw-la plebe_fw-la uspiam_fw-la reperisse_fw-la aliquid_fw-la nil_fw-la in_o his_o delituerit_n give_v i_o leave_v say_v he_o to_o speak_v frank_o i_o believe_v i_o have_v collect_v a_o hundred_o act_n of_o council_n and_o the_o form_n of_o most_o from_o the_o come_n in_o of_o william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o go_v off_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o nor_o in_o so_o great_a a_o number_n have_v i_o any_o where_o find_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o commonalty_n nothing_o of_o it_o lie_v in_o they_o and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v probable_a in_o that_o henry_n the_o three_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o his_o long_a but_o troublesome_a reign_n bring_v they_o in_o to_o counterpoise_v the_o faction_n of_o his_o seditious_a baron_n for_o though_o at_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n 3._o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o mention_n of_o the_o commons_o yet_o in_o those_o at_o marleborough_n they_o be_v thus_o name_v the_o more_o discreet_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n 3._o be_v call_v together_o as_o well_o of_o the_o high_a as_o of_o the_o low_a estate_n and_o in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o make_v in_o the_o three_o of_o edw._n 1._o who_o as_o he_o be_v first_o of_o his_o name_n after_o the_o conquest_n so_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o settle_v the_o law_n and_o state_n and_o free_v this_o kingdom_n from_o the_o wardship_n of_o the_o peer_n it_o be_v thus_o say_v these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o king_n edward_n son_n to_z king_n henry_n make_v at_o westminster_n at_o his_o first_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n by_o his_o council_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v thither_o summon_v etc._n etc._n and_o so_o that_o word_n parliament_n which_o as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n say_v in_o king_n john_n time_n 452._o nondum_fw-la emicuit_fw-la be_v not_o yet_o get_v up_o other_o than_o by_o the_o name_n of_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la the_o common-council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n come_v in_o use_n as_o it_o be_v now_o take_v and_o the_o commons_o as_o they_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o same_o and_o a_o three_o estate_n 6._o that_o the_o lord_n temporal_a be_v one_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n estate_n be_v never_o doubt_v mr._n selden_n begin_v his_o privilege_n of_o baronage_n with_o it_o and_o when_o the_o commons_o come_v in_o to_o be_v another_o i_o question_v not_o but_o i_o have_v full_o prove_v and_o if_o now_o i_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a be_v one_o other_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n distinct_a and_o separate_a from_o the_o lord_n temporal_a i_o hope_v i_o shall_v have_v gain_v my_o point_n and_o that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n in_o order_n to_o which_o 1._o the_o lord_n spiritual_a sit_v in_o parliament_n by_o a_o different_a right_n 4.1_o from_o the_o lord_n temporal_a viz._n by_o succession_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o county_n or_o barony_n parcel_n of_o their_o bishopric_n and_o the_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o dignity_n which_o they_o hold_v by_o descent_n or_o creation_n 2._o they_o sit_v in_o parliament_n in_o a_o different_a robe_n and_o on_o a_o different_a side_n of_o the_o house_n from_o the_o lord_n temporal_a and_o be_v command_v thither_o by_o a_o different_a form_n in_o the_o writ_n 594._o viz._n in_o fide_fw-la &_o dilectione_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o lord_n temporal_a in_o fide_fw-la &_o ligeancia_fw-la etc._n etc._n 3._o they_o have_v a_o convocation_n by_o themselves_o consist_v of_o a_o upper_a house_n viz._n arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n and_o a_o low_a house_n viz._n the_o procuratores_fw-la cleri_fw-la 4.322_o call_v together_o by_o the_o king_n writ_n and_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n for_o themselves_o their_o servant_n 1._o and_o familiar_n as_o other_o member_n of_o parliament_n and_o grant_v their_o subsidy_n apart_o and_o distinct_a from_o the_o lay_v noble_n as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o respective_a act_n by_o which_o they_o have_v be_v grant_v as_o also_o ratify_v and_o confirm_v 4._o the_o general_a stile_n of_o all_o act_n of_o parliament_n have_v be_v such_o that_o sometime_o the_o ecclesiastical_a lord_n be_v respective_o name_v 1._o as_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n as_o well_o as_o the_o temporal_a lord_n and_o sometime_o 1_o by_o the_o inclusive_a name_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o so_o to_o the_o 10_o of_o richard_n 2._o where_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o under_o which_o general_a word_n of_o the_o lord_n they_o seem_v at_o first_o to_o be_v include_v as_o if_o they_o be_v but_o one_o estate_n with_o they_o be_v it_o not_o in_o the_o 13_o of_o the_o say_a king_n again_o say_v of_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o lord_n temporal_a and_o commons_o and_o in_o another_o of_o the_o 20_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n lord_n and_o commons_o and_o in_o the_o 14.15.16_o and_o 17._o of_o the_o same_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o parliament_n and_o the_o parliament_n and_o none_o of_o they_o name_v apart_o from_o which_o time_n till_o the_o four_o of_o henry_n 4._o the_o word_n prelate_n be_v again_o continue_v