raising Rebellions against him but was overthrown and hiding himself in one Banister's House by Shrewsbury He for hope of gain betray'd his Master the Duke who was thereupon taken and beheaded but Banister was justly punished from Heaven Henry Earl of Richmond afterwards came into England where he rais'd a small Army and met King Richard near Market-Bosworth in Leicestershire where King Richard was slain King Richard slain and his Army discomfited Aug. 22. 1485. HENRY the VII Earl of Richmond was Son to Margaret Countess of Richmond and A. D. 1485. Derby Daughter to John Duke of Somerset Son to John Earl of Somerset Son to John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster 4th Son of Edward the III. Octob. 30. he was Crowned at Westminster A. D. 1486. Jan. 18th he married the His Marriage Lady Elizabeth eldest Daughter of King Edward the IV. and so ioyn'd the two Families of York and Lancaster Yet by this means Peace was not so well secured but that there were several Rebellions by Lambert Symnel and others amongst whom Symnel and Peterkin was one Peterkin under the Name of Rich. Plantaginet second Son of King Edward the IV. But this Impostor was at last taken and executed at Tyburn The King falling sick of a consuming His Death Issue Disease died April 22. A. D. 1509. His Issue Arthur who died before himself Henry Edmund Margaret Elizabeth Mary King Henry left at his death 1800000 l. in His Riches and Buildings ready money he built the Palace at Richmond and the Chappel at Westminster HENRY the VIII was born at Greenwich A. D. 1509. June 22. 1491. His Youth was so trained up in Literature that he was accounted the most learned Prince in Christendom June 25. 1509. he was crowned at Westminster with his Queen Catharine This King went with an Army into His Expedition into France France and recovered many of his Rights but at last by the procurement of the Pope there was a Peace concluded A. D. 1571. was Evil May-day wherein Evil May-day the Prentices of London made an Assault upon the Strangers and Foreigners John Lincoln being the chief of them was hanged and the rest pardoned About A. D. 1528. King Henry began to call in question the lawfulness of his Marriage with Queen Catharine who was Daughter to Ferdinand King of Spain and haâ—â— been married to P. Arthur his elder Brother and soon after she was divorced from him Also soon after the haughty Cardinal Woolsey was deposed of his Dignities Woolsey he died at Leicester-Abby After this King Henry took upon him the Pope's Authority and Supremacy in England and all persons were prohibited from appealing or making any Payments to Rome A. D. 1533. Novemb. 14. was King Henry His 2d Marriage married to Ann Bullen Daughter to Sir T. Bullen Earl of Wiltshire and on Septemb Lady Eliz. born 7th following was born the Princess Elizabeth And A. D. 1535. the Queen was accused of Incest and Adultery with her own Brother George Lord Rochford And May The Queen beheaded 19. 1536. the Queen was beheaded upon a Scaffold erected on the Green within the Tower 'T is with good ground thought that the Queens death was procured by Popish Instruments because she much favoured His 3d. Marriage the Protestant Divines The next day the King was married to the Lady Jane Seymour Daughter of John Seymour Kt. About this time began to flourish Tho. Cromwell a Blacksmiths Son of Putney who in a short time was ordained Vicar-General over the Spirituality This Great Cromwell procured it to be enacted in Parliament That the Lords Prayer Creed and Ten Commandments should be read in the English Tongue He also caused the Churches to be purged of Images and the Monasteries to be suppressed to the King's use for which Reasons there arose several Rebellions but were all suppreâ—â—ed A. D. 1540. Jan. 6th was King Henry His 4th Marriage married to the Lady Ann Sister to the Duke of Cleve but they were soon after divorced Now was the Great Cromwell attainted for Treason and Heresie and beheaded on Tower-Hill Then did the King marry the Lady Catharine His 5th Marriage Howard who was beheaded afterwards for Adultery And now likewise were very many great Men put to death for Religion A. D. 1547. and Jan. 28th King Henry His Death yielded to death's imperial stroak whose Body with great solemnity was buried at Windsor His Wives were Catharine Ann Wives Bullen Jane Seymour Ann of Cleve Catharine Howard and Catharine Parr His Issue Henry which lived not two Issue months another Son not named and Mary these by Catharine of Spain Elizabeth and a Son still-born by Ann Bullen Edward by Jane Seymour His natural Issue Henry Fitz-Roy King Henry by Act of Parliament assumed First King of Ireland the Title of King of Ireland former Kings of England bearing only the style of Lords thereof 'T is said that now Turkey Carps Hops Pickarel and Beer came into England all in a year EDWARD the 6th was born but not A. D. 1547. without the death of his Mother A. D. 1537. Octob. 12. A. D. 1547. Feb. 20. he was crowned at Westminster Edward Lord Seymâ—â—ur his Uncle was made Protector over his Minority The first thing that was done was the purging all Churches of Images for which Commissioners were appointed This caused Rebellions but they were soon supprest One of these Rebels being a Miller he will'd his Man to be Master in his turn The Man that was hanged for his Master and when the King's Officer Sir Anthony Kingston called for the Master of the House the Man in his Name presented himself whom Sir Anthony straight commanded to the Gallows which the Man hearing would be Master no longer but Sir Anthony said Well thou canst never do thy Master better service than to hang for him and so he was truss'd up on the next Tree This King was a great Enemy to Popery Protestancy founded and was the first Founder of the true Protestant Religion in England He died His Death and Burial of a Consumption July 6th 1553. and was interred in St. Peter's Chappel at Westminster He was a Prince of great Learning and of a vast Memory very merciful and zealous for the Reformed Religion The Lady JANE GREY was now by the A. D. 1553. last Will of Edward proclaimed Queen But the Tide soon turn'd and Queen Mary succeeded to the Crown promising to embrace the Gospel as King Edward had established it but afterwards being petitioned to perform her promise herein she both punished the Writer and answered they should one day well know that they being but Members should not direct her their Head She removed the Protestant Protestancy again abolished Bishops placing Papists in their Places she was crowned at Westminster The Lady Jane Grey was beheaded on Tower-hill and many more great Men for the reform'd
the Hemorrhoids A. D. 1154. and was buried at Feversham in Kent He had Issue Baldwin Eustace William Issue Maud Mary HENRY the Second Plantaginet the A. D. 1154. Son of Maud and Earl Geoffrey of Anjou was Crowned at Westminster This King went in Person against Lord Hugh de Mortimer and other Rebels where in the Siege of Bridgenorth he had been shot with an Arrow had not Hubert de St. An Example of true Loyalty Clare interposed and took the Arrow in his own bosom Tho. Becket Arch-Bishop of Canterbury made great disturbances in this Kings Reign he was at last murdered in the Cathedral at Canterbury and this was his Epitaph Quis moritur Praesul Cur Pro grege Qualiter Ense Quando Natali Quis locus Ara Dei. This King effected the Conquest of Ireland Ireland conquered and reformed the Irish Church This Kings Queen Eleanor and his Sons rose in Rebellions against him and were assisted by the French and Scotch Kings but he overcame them all He died in the Church at Chinon A. D. His Death 1189. and was buried at Font Everard His Issue were William Henry Richard Issue Jeoffrey Philip John Maud and Eleanor He had to his Concubine fair Rosamond Rosamond who was poisoned by the Queen in her Labyrinth at Woodstock which the King had built for her She had this Epitaph upon her Tomb Hic jacet in Tumba Rosamundi non rosa munda Non redolet sed olet quae redolere solet King Henry divided England into Circuits England divided into Circuits appointing that two of his Judges should twice in a year in each Circuit administer Justice In the beginning of his Reign one Nicholas An English man elected Pope Breakspear an English-man was elected Pope by the name of Adrian the IV. RICHARD from his exceeding Valour A. D. 1189. sirnamed Coeur de Lion was Crowned at Westminster He spent great time in the Wars at the Holy Land where he did many noble exploits and as he was going conquered Cyprus where he solemnly took to Wife his beloved Lady Berengaria He died of the wound of an Arrow received His Death at the Siege of the Castle of Chaluz belonging to the Viscount of Limoges April 6th 1199. and was buried at Charron In the first year of his Reign he appointed First Lord Mayor Henry Fitz-Alwin to be the first Lord Mayor of London being formerly governed by Portgraves Now lived Robin Hood and Little John JOHN by the assistance of his Mother A. D. 1199. Eleanor was by the great Council of the Realm admitted King and was Crowned at Westminster His Reign throughout was attended with great Troubles either with the King of France Scotland or by Rebellion of his own Subjects He was at last poisoned at Swinshed Abbey His Death by an envenomed Cup presented to him by a Monk tasting first thereof himself so becoming the wicked Instrument of his own and Sovereign's death Octob. 19. 1216. He was buried at Worcester His Issue were Henry Richard Joan Issue Eleanor and Isabel. Now lived one Simon Thurvey who for Example his Pride in Learning especially for his Blasphemies against Moses and Christ became so utterly ignorant that he could hardly read a letter in a Book HENRY the Third at about ten years A. D. 1216. of Age was Crowned King the ninth day after his Father King John's decease The Noble Earl of Pembroke being by common consent of Peers and Prelates constituted Guardian of him during his Non-age This King was almost always at dissension His Troubles with his Barons He lost all his Rights beyond the Seas to His Losses the French King There were now at Oxford 15000 Students The number of S tudents now at Oxford whose names were in the Metriculation Book After he had gone through very many troubles he fell grievously sick at the Abbey of St. Edmund in Suffolk and there died His De ath and Issue A. D. 1272. whose Issue was Edward Edmund Richard John William Henry Margaret Beatrice and Catharine Richard Beor then Bishop of Sarum The bu ilding of Salisbury Châ—â—rch built that stately Church at Salisbury which hath in it as many Windows as are days in the year as many Marble Pillars as hours as many Doors as Months Magna Charta containing the sum of Magna charâ—â— first instituted all the written Laws of England was ordained in the ninth year of his Reign EDWARD the First sirnamed Longshanks A. D. 1272. at his Fathers Death was employed in the Holy Wars where he behaved himself very valiantly He grieved much at his Fathers death At his arrival into England he was most joyfully welcomed and with his dearest Eleanor was Crowned at Westminster The first of this Kings exploits was the Wales subdued subduing of Wales and made his Son Edward born at Caernarvan Prince thereof He was mighty indeâ—â—tigable and successful in all his exploits He brought Scotland Scotland subjected wholly in subjection and was ever very well beloved of his Subjects This Heroick King died of a Dysentery His. Death at Burgh upon Sands A. D. 1307. and was buried at Westminster His Issue were John Henry Alphonso Issue who died before him Edward Thomas Edmund and ten Daughters EDWARD called Caernarvan so soon A. D. 1307. as his Father was dead repealed Pierce Gaveston who in his Fathers time for abusing the Prince's years with wicked vanities by common Decree was banished He sailed into France where at Bolein he was married to young Isabella Daughter to Philip the Fair. This Gaveston forementioned caused many His Dissensions with the Death of Gaveston dissensions being a very debauched man and the King wholly ruled by him He was thrice banished by Parliament the King still re-calling him but at last was Beheaded at Warwick Castle by Guy Earl of Warwick as an open Traytor to the Kingdom which caused a lasting hatred between the King and Nobles This opportunity Bruce King of Scotland took to set his Kingdom at liberty and at Bannoxburn gave King Edward the greatest overthrow that ever they gave the English and gained great spoils the English The English beaten by the Scots coming as for a Triumph having adorned themselves with all sorts of riches whereon the Scots made these Rhymes Long Beards heartless painted Hoods witless Gay Coats graceless make England thriftless Then in Pierce Gaveston's place the King advanced the Spencers Father and Son The Spencers advanced whose intolerable insolences seemed to exceed the others and caused more Civil Dissensions and Civil Wars in which One Earl and fourteen Lords suffered death After which the Spencers behaved themselves so exceeding Lordly that the Queen and discontented Nobles resolve to clear the World of them and the King found but few Friends because of the Mortal hatred that the People generally did bear to the Spencers so that his
Almighty shewed his Justice declaring as it plainly appeared against such horrid Rebellions for though they were so vastly numerous in comparison of the Kings Forces besides took them upon the surprize and so had the advantage of the on-set yet they were so bravely received that first their Horse were routed by ours who coming in afterwards upon the Foot had so absolute a Victory that they The Defeat of the Rebels killed 2000 upon the place and took a vast number of Prisoners so that they were not able to make the least head again The next day the Lord Grey was taken who was Commander of the Rebels Horse and on the 8th of July the late Duke of Monmouth was also taken The Duke of Monmouth Beheaded and on the 15th Beheaded on Tower-Hill So that by the Divine Blessing of Almighty God not only this rebellious attempt brought the deserved vengeance upon its common promoters but even the very Root and Foundation is extirpated so that 't is to be hoped that we shall never again be acquainted with such Domestick strifes but may even forget what a Rebel means The Loyal Party and the Kings Forces Argyle in Scotland taken his Party routed and he Executed in Scotland were before-hand with us for they took Argyle on the 18th of June and ruined his Forces and on the 30th of the same Month he was Beheaded at Edenburgh by which means there is so absolute and serene a Peace and Concord amongst His Majesties Subjects and Affairs are in so happy a posture in all his Dominions that perhaps England hardly ever knew the like June the 29th Mr. Richard Baxter was Mr. Baxter Fined Fined 500 Marks and bound to his Good Behaviour for seven years for publishing his seditious Annotations on the New Testament And at the same time Mr. Tho. Dangerfield who the Term before was convicted Dangerfield's Sentence upon an Information for writing and publishing a Scandalous Libel received Sentence at the Kings-Bench-Bar That he should stand in the Pillory at Westminster-Hall Gate and the Royal-Exchange be whipt from Aldgate to Newgate and from Newgate to Tyburn and that he should pay a Fine of 500 l. and find Sureties for his Good Behaviour during life This man after having received the last of these Punishments viz. his whipping from Newgate to Tyburn was returning in a Coach when being met by a Gentleman to whom he gave a saucy Answer to an impertinent Question the Gentleman being nettled made at him with a small Bamboo Cane which so unfortunately hit the Sufferer in Kill'd by a strange Accident the Eye that it pierced to his Brain and soon deprived him of Life which being upon Tryal judged Murther the Gentleman was executed for it at Tyburn On July the 2d the Parliament was adjourned Parliament Adjourned till the 4th of August after the enacting of many good Statutes and being met on the 4th of August they were farther adjourned till the 9th of November On July 22th there was an Installation An Installation at Windsor at Windsor of three Knights of the Garter Henry Duke of Norfolk Earl-Marshal of England Henry Earl of Peterborough Groom of the Stool to His Majesty and Lawrence Earl of Rochester Lord High Treasurer of England It was performed in the Royal Chappel of St. George within the Castle by the Dukes of Ormond and Beaufort two Knights of the said Order Commissioned thereunto by the Sovereign with all the accustomed Ceremonies after which the new Installed Knights Entertained the Commissioners and the other Noblemen and Persons of Quality there present at a splendid Feast in the Kings great Guard-Chamber within the said Castle His Majesty for all the foresaid wonderful Blessings of Almighty God to himself and all his happy Subjects was pleased by Proclamation to order an Universal A General Thanksgiving Thanksgiving on July the 26th throughout the Kingdom to that All-wise and powerful King of Heaven and Earth by whom all Earthly Monarchs Rule and are preserved from the horrid Machinations and rebellious Designs of all Barbarous Caballers and Seditious Plotters whatsoever Wherefore what remains now but that all True and Loyal Subjects unite their Prayers to Almighty God for the long Life and happy Reign of our most Wise most Powerful and most Excellent Monarch And say God Save King JAMES the Second A COLLECTION Of the most remarkable Occurrences Adventures notable Exploits and wonderful Casualties mentioned in Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle I Shall first take notice of the admirable A. D. 516. Arthur of Britain his great Deeds Arthur Son to Uter and King of Britain who in twelve set Battels discomfited the Saxons and in one his Sword Callibourn managed by his own invincible Arm gave Death to 800 of his Enemies which is but one and perhaps not the greatest of his wonderful Deeds 'T was he instituted the Order of Knights of the Round Table Cadwalladar about the year 687 going Cadwalladar against the Saxons and praying to God for good success was informed by an Angel That it was God's pleasure that the Britains should not rule this Land any longer whereupon he desisted from his Enterprize and so England became a Colony of the Saxons anon England was made into an Heptarchy Etheldred Daughter to Anna King of Etheldred the East-Saxons was twice married and yet continued a Virgin and afterwards turned Nun. When the Danes first invaded England A. D. 866. Nuns of Coldington the Nuns of Coldington to keep themselves from being polluted by the Danes deformed themselves by cutting off their upper Lips and Noses King Athelstone going to encounter the A. D. 924. A Miracle Danes prayed to God to shew some sign of his rightful Cause whereupon striking with his Sword he struck it an ell deep into a hard Stone Canutus the first Danish King of England A. D. 1017. A precious Jewel gave to the Church of Winchester a precious Jewel in form of a Cross valued at as much as the yearly Revenues of all England 'T was he that convinced his Flatterers of his small Power by his endeavouring to command the Tides of the Sea at Southampton Bishop Wolston in King William the Conqueror's A. D. 1066. A strange Wonder Time being commanded by the King to leave his Bishoprick Wolston answered A better than thou O King gave me these Robes and to him I will restore them and thereupon went and struck his Staff upon St. Edward's Monument who had made him a Bishop where it stuck so fast that by no strength it could be removed till himself removed it with ease which so terrified the King that he entreated him again to accept of his Bishoprick In this King's Time there hapned the A Fire greatest Fire that ever was in London by which the Cathedral of Pauls was utterly destroyed A great Lord sitting at a Feast was set A Lord devoured by Mice upon by Mice and though
are called White-spurs His paternal Coat is also bettered and the eldest Son of that Coat-Armour is ever an Esquire Esquires by Birth are the younger Sons By Birth of the Nobility as of Earls Viscounts and Barons and the eldest Sons of Knights their eldest Sons successively Those by Office are the Serjeants at By Office Law Sheriffs Escheators the Serjeant of every Office in the Court but these Dignities die with themselves and their Offices Of Knighthood in general and of the Knight-Batchelor OF the Distinctions by Knighthood Distinctions of Knights there are many in other Parts of the World but in England only these Knights-Batchelors Knights of the Bath Knights-Bannerets Knights-Baronets and Knights of the Garter This Titlâ—â— coming to be a Reward 〈◊〉 Degree of Honour is thought to be in imitation of the Equestris Order in Rome to which men were only advanced for extraordinary Vertue and notable Merit who only were admitted to beautifie the Caparisons of their Horses and their Armour with Gold from whence they were called Equites aurati The usual Ceremony of late in Dubbing The Ceremony in Dubbing a Knight is a stroke over the Shoulder with a Sword with these words Sois Chivaler 〈◊〉 nom de Dieu by the King or some by his Commission though the Spur hath lately been observed also Landfrank Archbishop of Canterbury made William the 2d a Knight in his Fathers Time but the Name of Batchelor Knight Batchelors when first added to it seems not to have been till the 33d of Henry the 3d. Of the Knight of the Bath IT is ever to be observed that when the word Knight is found without any addition of Distinction it is meant by the Knight-Batchelor Of the Order of the Bath the first that are taken notice of is in Froissart who gives an account of 46 When first made by Henry the 4th but Mr. Selden is of an opinion they were long before The Honour is invested with a great deal of noble Ceremony too tedious to insert They are distinguished ordinarily by the Their Distinction 〈◊〉 of a red Ribbon cross the left 〈◊〉 as Knights of the Garter by the 〈◊〉 and have this Priviledge above all 〈◊〉 their Sons are free from Wardship Of Bannerets THIS was anciently an Order in France Manner of the Creation and except that in England they are not created by Patent nor the Title hereditary the same The Creation is almost the same with theirs by the solemn delivery of a Banner charged with the Arms of 〈◊〉 that is to be created and cutting off the end of a Pennon or Streamer to make it square into the shape of a Banner are called by some Equites vexilliarii This Knight is only made by the King By whom if present otherwise by the General only for his Deserts in the Field This Order was of so great estimation that divers Knights-Batchelors and Esquires served under them and by Decree of King James it is established That such as were made the King being personally present under his Standard displayed in an Army Royal in open War should take place before all Baronets Of Baronets THE Title of Baronet was erected by When first King James in the 9th year of his Reign He made divers on the 22d day of May the Proem or Argument being for to what end the propagating a Plantation in Ulster in Ireland to which the Aid of these Knights was ordain'd which was the Maintenance of 30 Souldiers in that Province for three years Their Titles were to descend to the Heirs male of their Body and to take place before all Knights-Batchelors Knights of the Bath and Knights Bannerets and that the Name of Baronet in all Writs Commissions and Styles should be added to his Sirname and that the addition of Sir should precede in all mentionings of his Name as the Title of Lady or Madam to the Wives of them and their Successors and that they should take place according to the date of their Patents inter se and so to their Successors They are created by Patent Of Barons THIS word Baron is most properly derived Whence from the word Baria in Greek which signifies Authoritas gravis This Honour of Baronage is of three The several kinds kinds By Tenure by Creation and by Writ Those by Tenure are Peers of the Land By Tenure and are the Barons spiritual Those by Writ are such as the King is By Writ pleased to summons to Parliament though but Gentlemen or Knights and is by some esteemed only temporary pro termino 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but this cannot be by reason of the great Ceremony at their Creation The Title is also allowed to be hereditary Since these two sorts of Barons in the Time of Richard the 2d hath another been established which is Barons by Patent and By Patent indeed more usual in our later Times than those by Writ Thus in case there want Heirs male it many times descends to the Heirs female though not to her Husband but to their Issue This Dignity though the youngest hath Priviledge also the Priviledges belonging to all the Lords of thâ—â— Parliament As first in all Tryals of criminal Causes he is tryed by the Bench of Peers who all give Verdict not upon theâ—â— Oaths but upon their Honour with a great many more Priviledges But note that Marquesses and Earls Sons their Fathers living have not these Priviledges A Baron must go after the Ancientry of His 〈◊〉 his Ancestors Creation and the Baroness his Wife must go after the same A Barons eldest Son shall have the Place of the Banneret their younger Sons precede Knights-Batchelors and their Daughters go according to their Fathers Creation The form of their Creation is too tedious Of a Bishop THEY are with us three ways Barons of the Realm By Writ by Patent and by Consecration They precede all under the degree of Viscount in the Parliament House always placed on the King's right Hand They cannot be indicted for any Crime without special licence from the King they have likewise very many Priviledges The Viscount THE word in Latin is Vice-comes and it is a degree between an Earl and Baron The Count or Earl HE is the same that in Germany they call Grave as Palsgrave Landgrave c. The Dignity is of divers kinds for an Earl acknowledging no Superior is equal to a Prince The Marquess THIS word Marquess at first was used Whence first to all Earls and Barons that were Lords Marchers or Lords of the Frontiers and came afterward into a special Dignity between that of Duke and Earl The Ceremony of Creation much the same with that of an Earl and the Title Hereditary Of the Duke 〈◊〉 is said to be called Duke à ducendo Whence so called from his leading an Army 〈◊〉 There is not any Creation required 〈◊〉 this Honour and note that in all 〈◊〉 degrees of Honour