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up_o the_o evidence_n to_o they_o and_o direct_v they_o not_o only_o upon_o what_o point_n but_o from_o what_o proof_n they_o be_v to_o raise_v it_o what_o strange_a notion_n of_o thing_n must_v a_o man_n have_v who_o argue_v at_o such_o a_o rate_n as_o this_o and_o may_v upon_o as_o good_a ground_n affirm_v the_o parliament_n its_o self_n not_o to_o be_v free_a as_o he_o have_v deny_v the_o convocation_n to_o be_v so_o because_o that_o in_o the_o main_a part_n of_o their_o debate_n that_o also_o be_v as_o much_o though_o not_o so_o necessary_o direct_v by_o the_o king_n in_o what_o he_o will_v have_v they_o consult_v about_o i_o have_v insist_v the_o more_o upon_o this_o particular_a because_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o popular_a argument_n he_o have_v offer_v in_o defence_n of_o his_o opinion_n though_o alas_o it_o
those_o i_o shall_v therefore_o think_v myself_o concern_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o consider_v now_o among_o these_o not_o to_o mention_v the_o two_o conference_n of_o austin_n with_o the_o 15._o british_a bishop_n i_o know_v of_o none_o more_o ancient_a than_o that_o which_o be_v hold_v before_o king_n oswi_n and_o his_o son_n at_o streanshealch_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o hilda_n concern_v the_o time_n of_o easter_n the_o form_n of_o tonsure_v and_o as_o florence_n of_o worcester_n add_v some_o 561._o other_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n whether_o king_n oswi_n by_o his_o authority_n call_v this_o synod_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v this_o we_o know_v that_o he_o not_o only_o consent_v to_o the_o meeting_n of_o it_o but_o also_o sit_v with_o his_o son_n in_o it_o and_o manage_v the_o debate_n of_o it_o he_o propose_v the_o business_n for_o which_o they_o meet_v and_o at_o last_o final_o resolve_v what_o be_v to_o be_v hold_v to_o with_o reference_n to_o the_o point_n that_o have_v be_v debate_v and_o though_o the_o argument_n that_o determine_v he_o to_o embrace_v st._n peter_n tradition_n rather_o than_o st._n john_n viz._n that_o he_o keep_v the_o door_n in_o heaven_n and_o therefore_o he_o dare_v not_o contradict_v he_o lest_o when_o he_o come_v thither_o the_o apostle_n shall_v resuse_v he_o entrance_n be_v but_o very_o mean_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o rudeness_n and_o ignorance_n of_o those_o time_n yet_o we_o see_v what_o authority_n our_o prince_n from_o the_o beginning_n have_v as_o to_o these_o matter_n and_o how_o considerable_a a_o part_n they_o be_v allow_v in_o their_o synod_n but_o more_o eminent_a as_o well_o as_o more_o 16._o exact_a be_v the_o synod_n hold_v by_o theodore_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o first_o of_o which_o at_o herudford_n as_o the_o bishop_n 5._o of_o several_a province_n be_v assemble_v so_o do_v they_o agree_v with_o theodore_n upon_o many_o useful_a constitution_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n and_o as_o this_o synod_n first_o settle_v the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n in_o these_o part_n so_o do_v that_o of_o heathfield_n which_o meet_v about_o seven_o year_n after_o establish_v the_o faith_n of_o it_o it_o admit_v of_o the_o decision_n of_o the_o five_o first_o general_n council_n and_o settle_v the_o catholic_n doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n against_o the_o several_a heresy_n which_o have_v be_v condemn_v in_o those_o council_n in_o both_o these_o synod_n it_o be_v express_o say_v that_o theodore_n preside_v and_o so_o he_o do_v in_o the_o next_o i_o be_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o which_o be_v hold_v at_o atwyford_n anno_fw-la 685._o in_o which_o among_o other_o thing_n st._n cuthbert_n be_v choose_v bishop_n of_o lindisfarn_n and_o upon_o easter-day_n be_v consecrate_a by_o seven_o bishop_n who_o attend_v upon_o the_o king_n at_o that_o solemn_a season_n by_o who_o authority_n these_o council_n be_v call_v it_o do_v not_o sufficient_o appear_v to_o we_o 46._o but_o that_o in_o this_o last_o king_n egfride_n be_v present_a we_o be_v express_o inform_v 43._o and_o the_o constant_a custom_n of_o the_o prince_n in_o those_o day_n will_v not_o suffer_v we_o to_o doubt_v but_o that_o it_o be_v by_o their_o direction_n that_o their_o bishop_n both_o meet_v and_o act_v in_o them_o at_o the_o council_n of_o cloveshoe_n anno_fw-la 742_o not_o only_o ann._n aethelbald_a k._n of_o the_o mercian_n preside_v but_o his_o prince_n and_o officer_n be_v present_a too_o yet_o this_o be_v proper_o a_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n and_o the_o matter_n transact_v in_o it_o all_o relate_v to_o the_o church_n nor_o be_v this_o so_o much_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o see_v in_o the_o legatine_n synod_n hold_v by_o gregory_n and_o theophylact_fw-mi send_v hither_o by_o pope_n adrian_n the_o first_o for_o that_o purpose_n our_o king_n not_o only_o direct_v the_o 293._o assemble_v of_o they_o but_o together_o with_o their_o noble_n sit_v in_o they_o and_o to_o testify_v their_o consent_n to_o what_o be_v do_v together_o with_o their_o lord_n as_o well_o as_o bishop_n subscribe_v to_o the_o act_n of_o them_o and_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o those_o ecclesiastical_a 18._o synod_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o these_o time_n as_o for_o the_o many_o other_o who_o act_n remain_v to_o we_o they_o be_v manifest_o civil_a convention_n and_o most_o of_o they_o such_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n as_o be_v afterward_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o parliament_n among_o these_o as_o none_o ought_v more_o to_o be_v consider_v so_o be_v none_o more_o plain_o such_o than_o those_o in_o which_o our_o fol._n ancient_a saxon_a law_n be_v either_o draw_v up_o or_o publish_v and_o a_o very_a considerable_a part_n of_o which_o relate_v to_o the_o order_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n thus_o ina_n make_v his_o law_n with_o the_o 1._o consent_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o all_o his_o alderman_n k._n alfred_n collect_v his_o with_o 22._o the_o advice_n of_o all_o his_o wiseman_n k._n edward_n the_o elder_a and_o guthrun_n review_v and_o enlarge_v 41._o they_o as_o assist_v by_o their_o wiseman_n and_o though_o in_o the_o preamble_n to_o the_o law_n of_o k._n aethelstan_n we_o find_v mention_v only_o make_v of_o his_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n because_o they_o indeed_o only_o draw_v up_o those_o law_n which_o be_v more_o proper_o ecclesiastical_a yet_o in_o the_o close_a of_o they_o we_o 53._o be_v tell_v that_o all_o these_o constitution_n be_v publish_v in_o one_o of_o those_o synod_n at_o which_o not_o only_o wulfhelm_v the_o archbishop_n but_o all_o his_o great_a and_o wiseman_n be_v present_a that_o be_v be_v publish_v in_o one_o of_o his_o great_a council_n by_o he_o k._n edmund_n compile_v his_o law_n in_o the_o 58._o assembly_n of_o his_o wiseman_n as_o well_o ecclesiastic_n as_o layman_n so_o do_v edgar_n and_o ethelred_n afterward_o and_o last_o canutus_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o law_n not_o only_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o be_v make_v with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o wiseman_n to_o 88_o the_o glory_n of_o god-almighty_a the_o ornament_n of_o his_o kingly_a majesty_n and_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o precise_o note_v the_o time_n when_o he_o compile_v they_o namely_o that_o they_o be_v make_v at_o christmas_n in_o the_o city_n of_o winchester_n where_o he_o than_o keep_v that_o feast_n and_o his_o noble_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n attend_v upon_o he_o and_o sit_v in_o council_n with_o he_o to_o run_v through_o all_o the_o other_o council_n of_o 19_o the_o like_a nature_n in_o which_o constitution_n have_v be_v make_v and_o debate_n hold_v concern_v thing_n relate_v to_o the_o church_n will_v engage_v i_o in_o a_o needless_a as_o well_o as_o tedious_a research_n i_o shall_v only_o mention_v a_o few_o of_o those_o of_o chief_a note_n which_o together_o with_o those_o before_o speak_v of_o may_v suffice_v to_o give_v we_o a_o right_a understanding_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o they_o at_o becanceld_a about_o the_o year_n 694_o 219._o wither_a king_n of_o kent_n hold_v a_o general_n council_n and_o if_o the_o relation_n be_v true_a it_o be_v indeed_o of_o a_o extraordinary_a composition_n there_o be_v present_a at_o it_o not_o only_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n with_o the_o lord_n and_o other_o of_o the_o laity_n but_o the_o abbot_n abbess_n priest_n and_o deacon_n of_o the_o clergy_n it_o be_v call_v by_o archbishop_n brithwald_n at_o the_o king_n command_n and_o not_o only_o the_o king_n and_o bishop_n but_o all_o other_o of_o the_o clerical_a order_n subscribe_v to_o it_o at_o berghamsted_n the_o same_o king_n about_o 194._o three_o year_n after_o hold_v another_o council_n with_o his_o bishop_n and_o military_a man_n and_o by_o their_o common_a consent_n make_v several_a constitution_n to_o be_v add_v to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o kent_n but_o more_o remarkable_a be_v the_o council_n at_o 327._o which_o wulfred_n preside_v under_o kenulph_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n anno_fw-la 816._o at_o which_o as_o at_o that_o of_o becanceld_a before_o not_o only_o a_o great_a number_n of_o bishop_n be_v present_a but_o together_o with_o the_o king_n come_v also_o his_o prince_n duke_n and_o lord_n and_o all_o these_o be_v surround_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o holy_a order_n abbot_n priest_n and_o deacon_n treat_v with_o one_o accord_n of_o what_o be_v useful_a or_o necessary_a for_o the_o church_n i_o insist_v not_o upon_o the_o synod_n of_o 334._o cloveshoe_n assemble_v by_o beornulfe_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n anno_fw-la 822_o 824_o and_o both_o which_o be_v evident_o great_a council_n of_o that_o nation_n as_o be_v also_o the_o council_n of_o london_n an._n 833_o of_o kingston_n etc._n an._n 838_o of_o kingsbury_n an._n 851_o of_o winchester_n an._n 855_o of_o
of_o the_o proctor_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o most_o of_o the_o commons_o by_o hold_v up_o their_o hand_n affirm_v that_o they_o will_v do_v the_o same_o now_o the_o main_a thing_n do_v in_o this_o parliament_n and_o for_o the_o effectual_a performance_n whereof_o they_o be_v so_o solicitous_a to_o have_v such_o a_o authority_n concur_v as_o may_v admit_v of_o no_o exception_n be_v to_o annul_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o his_o adherent_n in_o the_o 10_o and_o 11_o year_n of_o this_o king_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o like_a violence_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o in_o the_o statute_n make_v to_o this_o purpose_n there_o be_v express_a mention_n therefore_o make_v of_o the_o proctor_n of_o the_o clergy_n consent_v thereunto_o as_o in_o the_o second_o and_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o the_o act_n of_o that_o parliament_n may_v morâ—_n full_o be_v see_v and_o though_o in_o other_o place_n they_o be_v not_o particular_o mention_v yet_o since_o those_o who_o allow_v the_o least_o to_o they_o do_v confess_v that_o their_o assent_n be_v take_v to_o what_o be_v do_v we_o must_v conclude_v that_o they_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o commons_o even_o when_o they_o be_v not_o express_o distinguish_v from_o they_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n be_v not_o only_o 49._o heretofore_o a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n but_o do_v meet_v and_o act_n in_o it_o but_o now_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o do_v so_o do_v not_o so_o plain_o appear_v it_o have_v be_v the_o opinion_n 84._o of_o some_o who_o have_v be_v very_o well_o verse_v in_o the_o antiquity_n of_o our_o country_n that_o at_o first_o the_o two_o house_n not_o only_o meet_v in_o the_o paint_a chamber_n at_o the_o open_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o at_o such_o other_o time_n as_o the_o king_n come_v to_o it_o but_o ordinary_o sit_v and_o vote_v together_o but_o as_o those_o who_o assert_v this_o be_v force_v to_o confess_v that_o it_o be_v even_o then_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o several_a estate_n to_o retire_v and_o consult_v by_o themselves_o of_o any_o difficult_a matter_n that_o come_v before_o they_o and_o so_o return_v again_o and_o joint_o deliver_v their_o opinion_n so_o we_o be_v assure_v that_o they_o have_v very_o early_o their_o several_a place_n to_o meet_v in_o and_o their_o several_a speaker_n too_o to_o manage_v their_o debate_n in_o the_o 6_o edw._n 3._o the_o parliament_n 11._o meet_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o scotland_n the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n go_v apart_o by_o themselves_o the_o duke_n and_o baron_n by_o themselves_o and_o afterward_o they_o deliver_v their_o joint_a answer_n to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o they_o do_v in_o the_o 40th_o year_n of_o that_o king_n when_o the_o pope_n have_v send_v hither_o to_o demand_v tribute_n and_o homage_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o he_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o the_o bishop_n go_v apart_o by_o themselves_o the_o 102._o other_o 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which_o we_o be_v certain_a namely_o first_o that_o upon_o all_o great_a debate_n it_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n to_o go_v aside_o and_o consult_v with_o one_o another_o and_o then_o by_o the_o archbishop_n or_o some_o other_o of_o the_o bishop_n report_v their_o opinion_n to_o the_o other_o estate_n and_o second_o that_o they_o separately_z give_v subsidy_n to_o the_o king_n as_o also_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o seem_v to_o have_v ancient_o do_v will_v prompt_v we_o to_o conclude_v the_o constitution_n of_o our_o parliament_n to_o have_v be_v original_o this_o that_o when_o the_o three_o estate_n meet_v together_o as_o at_o the_o open_v of_o every_o session_n they_o be_v still_o wont_a to_o do_v and_o be_v by_o some_o suppose_a to_o have_v always_o do_v at_o the_o first_o the_o proxy_n of_o the_o clergy_n as_o well_o as_o the_o commons_o either_o come_v up_o to_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n or_o they_o all_o attend_v the_o king_n in_o the_o paint_a chamber_n afterward_o when_o they_o sit_v separately_z each_o state_n meet_v and_o consult_v by_o its_o self_n only_o the_o bishop_n and_o parliamentary-abbots_n as_o they_o appear_v there_o under_o a_o double_a capacity_n so_o they_o sit_v and_o vote_v according_o with_o the_o clergy_n in_o convocation_n as_o member_n of_o that_o estate_n on_o convocation-day_n at_o other_o time_n with_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o upper_a house_n as_o member_n of_o the_o baronage_n of_o england_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o barony_n and_o thus_o have_v i_o account_v for_o the_o 50._o first_o original_a of_o the_o convocation_n as_o it_o be_v ancient_o a_o member_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o be_v still_o summon_v by_o the_o same_o writ_n by_o which_o the_o bishop_n be_v call_v to_o parliament_n at_o this_o day_n
than_o declare_v to_o they_o how_o the_o law_n then_o stand_v and_o still_o be_v in_o the_o like_a case_n and_o in_o which_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o man_n attaint_v case_n or_o outlaw_v shall_v be_v put_v to_o answer_v in_o any_o action_n against_o they_o because_o it_o be_v to_o their_o prejudice_n but_o in_o a_o action_n bring_v by_o they_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v answer_v because_o it_o be_v to_o their_o benefit_n so_o that_o if_o the_o chief_a justice_n commit_v any_o fault_n it_o must_v be_v either_o in_o obey_v the_o law_n or_o in_o declare_v to_o their_o council_n what_o incapacity_n the_o clergy_n lie_v under_o that_o be_v for_o act_v upright_o in_o his_o place_n and_o judge_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o be_v not_o wont_a to_o be_v account_v a_o crime_n in_o such_o person_n the_o truth_n be_v there_o be_v hardly_o a_o man_n of_o those_o time_n upon_o who_o this_o author_n can_v more_o unlucky_o have_v reflect_v than_o this_o sir_n robert_n brabazon_n he_o be_v make_v second_o justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n by_o king_n edward_n one_a about_o the_o 18_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n seven_o year_n he_o serve_v his_o prince_n in_o that_o station_n and_o be_v then_o for_o his_o merit_n create_v lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o that_o court_n anno_fw-la 24._o edw._n 1._o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o son_n king_n edw._n 2._o he_o be_v swear_v anew_o into_o his_o place_n and_o about_o seven_o year_n after_o have_v the_o care_n of_o the_o treasury_n commit_v to_o he_o till_o a_o lord_n treasurer_n shall_v be_v choose_v which_o be_v do_v about_o a_o year_n after_o and_o be_v thus_o grow_v old_a in_o the_o service_n of_o his_o two_o master_n and_o disable_v to_o attend_v any_o long_o at_o his_o court_n that_o he_o may_v sit_v down_o with_o honour_n he_o be_v in_o consideration_n of_o his_o great_a fidelity_n choose_v into_o the_o king_n council_n and_o in_o that_o quality_n end_v his_o life_n this_o be_v the_o man_n who_o this_o discreet_a author_n have_v endeavour_v to_o bespatter_n and_o this_o be_v the_o crime_n for_o which_o he_o so_o tragical_o exclaim_v against_o he_o and_o now_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n let_v this_o gentleman_n free_o say_v what_o he_o have_v to_o except_v against_o in_o the_o conduct_n of_o this_o great_a prince_n or_o whether_o upon_o a_o true_a state_n of_o this_o matter_n he_o will_v espouse_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o clergy_n here_o be_v a_o brave_a and_o warlike_a prince_n engage_v in_o a_o war_n of_o the_o utmost_a consequence_n to_o his_o country_n and_o people_n he_o carry_v it_o on_o himself_o with_o vigour_n and_o end_v it_o with_o glory_n he_o force_v his_o enemy_n not_o only_o to_o yield_v to_o he_o but_o to_o own_o his_o authority_n and_o do_v he_o homage_n be_v return_v with_o victory_n he_o call_v his_o parliament_n and_o be_v ready_o assist_v by_o his_o lay_v subject_n to_o pay_v his_o debt_n and_o prepare_v himself_o against_o his_o other_o enemy_n only_o his_o clergy_n not_o only_o refuse_v to_o contribute_v to_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n but_o put_v a_o indignity_n of_o the_o base_a nature_n upon_o their_o king_n like_o the_o pharisee_n with_o their_o vow_n of_o corban_n they_o first_o procure_v the_o pope_n to_o pass_v a_o order_n against_o their_o assist_v of_o he_o and_o then_o with_o a_o jewish_a hypocrisy_n look_v demure_a and_o pretend_v that_o true_o they_o will_v assist_v he_o with_o all_o their_o heart_n but_o the_o pope_n have_v forbid_v it_o and_o they_o dare_v not_o do_v it_o in_o return_n to_o this_o usage_n the_o king_n determine_v no_o long_a to_o afford_v his_o protection_n to_o those_o who_o have_v deliver_v themselves_o up_o to_o another_o interest_n and_o thereupon_o refuse_v to_o contribute_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o support_n of_o the_o government_n by_o which_o they_o be_v secure_v in_o the_o peaceable_a enjoyment_n of_o their_o own_o right_n and_o estate_n and_o the_o parliament_n think_v his_o resolution_n so_o just_a that_o they_o close_v in_o with_o it_o and_o ready_o confirm_v it_o with_o their_o authority_n this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o whole_a clergy_n then_o and_o it_o be_v but_o too_o like_o the_o case_n of_o some_o of_o they_o now._n and_o the_o effect_n be_v that_o be_v by_o this_o mean_n bring_v to_o a_o sense_n of_o their_o duty_n the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o present_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o next_o year_n grant_v a_o supply_n to_o he_o and_o have_v thereby_o leave_v we_o this_o observation_n that_o the_o only_a way_n to_o deal_v with_o some_o person_n be_v to_o treat_v they_o as_o they_o deserve_v and_o to_o let_v they_o know_v that_o those_o be_v unworthy_a of_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o government_n who_o be_v embark_a in_o a_o interest_n different_a from_o it_o and_o refuse_v to_o contribute_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o it_o appendix_n contain_v some_o public_a act_n and_o other_o collection_n refer_v to_o in_o the_o foregoing_a discourse_n appendix_n i._o the_o ancient_a form_n of_o summon_v a_o abbot_n to_o parliament_n exit_fw-la reyner_n apost_n benedict_n p._n 149._o append._n part._n iii._o num_fw-la lxix_o henricus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la iii._o etc._n etc._n n._n abbati_n s._n albani_n quia_fw-la de_fw-la auâ—samento_fw-la consilii_fw-la nostri_fw-la pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o statum_n &_o defensionem_fw-la regul_n nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n contingentibus_fw-la quoddam_fw-la parleamentum_fw-la apud_fw-la westminster_n tali_fw-la die_fw-la teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la &_o ibidem_fw-la uobiscum_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la prelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostti_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o tractatum_fw-la uobis_fw-la in_o â—ide_v &_o dilectione_n quibus_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenemini_fw-la firmiter_fw-la injungendo_fw-la mandamus_fw-la quod_fw-la consideratis_fw-la dictorum_fw-la negotiorum_fw-la arduitate_fw-la &_o periculis_fw-la imminentibus_fw-la personaliter_fw-la intersitis_fw-la nobiscum_fw-la ac_fw-la cum_fw-la prelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la predictis_fw-la super_fw-la predictis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la traâ—taturi_fw-la uestrumque_fw-la consilium_fw-la impensuri_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la sicut_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o honorem_fw-la nostrum_fw-la ac_fw-la salvationem_fw-la &_o defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o ecclesie_n predicte_n expeditionemque_fw-la dictorum_fw-la negotiorum_fw-la diligitis_fw-la nullatenus_fw-la omittatis_fw-la testae_fw-la meipso_fw-la the_o parliament_n abbot_n thus_o summon_v exit_fw-la eod._n 1._o abbas_n glastoniae_fw-la 2._o abbess_n s._n augustini_fw-la cant_n '_o 3._o abbess_n s._n petri_n westmonaster_n '_o 4._o abbess_n s._n albani_n 5._o abbess_n s._n edmundi_fw-la de_fw-fr bury_n 6._o abbess_n s._n petri_n de_fw-fr burgo_n 7._o abbess_n s._n johannis_n colcestriae_fw-la 8._o abbas_n eveshamiae_n 9_o abbas_n winchelcumbiae_fw-la 10._o abbas_n croylandiae_fw-la 11._o abbas_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la 12._o abbas_n redingiae_n 13._o abbas_n abendoniae_n 14._o abbas_n salopiae_fw-la 15._o abbess_n s._n petri_n gloucestriae_fw-la 16._o abbas_n bardeneyae_n 17._o abbess_n s._n benedicti_fw-la de_fw-fr hulmo_n 18._o abbas_n thorneiae_n 19_o abbas_n ramseiae_n 20._o abbas_n hydae_fw-la 21._o abbas_n maimesbiriae_fw-la 22._o abbess_n s._n mariae_fw-la eborac_n '_o 23._o abbas_n selbeyae_n 24._o abbas_n tavestoke_n 25._o prio_fw-la conventriae_fw-la ii_o the_o ancient_a writ_n of_o summons_n of_o a_o bishop_n to_o parliament_n cl._n 49._o h._n 3._o m._n 11._o dors._n in_o schedula_n henricus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la dominus_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la &_o dux_n aquitaniae_n venerabili_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la r._n eadem_fw-la gratia_n episcopo_fw-la dunelm_n salutem_fw-la cum_fw-la post_fw-la gravia_n turbationum_fw-la diserimina_fw-la dudum_fw-la habita_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la charissimus_fw-la filius_fw-la edwardus_fw-la primogenitus_fw-la noster_fw-la prâ—_n pace_n in_o regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la assensuranda_fw-la &_o firmanda_fw-la obses_fw-la traditus_fw-la extitisset_fw-la &_o jam_fw-la sedata_fw-la benedictus_n deus_fw-la turbatione_fw-la predicta_fw-la super_fw-la deliberatione_n ejusdem_fw-la salubriter_fw-la providenda_fw-la &_o plena_fw-la securitate_fw-la &_o tranquilitate_fw-la pacis_fw-la ad_fw-la honorem_fw-la dei_fw-la &_o utilitatem_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la firmanda_fw-la &_o totaliter_fw-la complenda_fw-la ut_fw-la super_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la all_o 〈…〉_z be_v regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la negotus_fw-la que_fw-la sine_fw-la consilio_fw-la vestro_fw-la &_o aliorum_fw-la prelatorum_fw-la &_o magnatum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la nolumus_fw-la expediri_fw-la cum_fw-la iisdem_fw-la tractatum_fw-la habere_fw-la nos_fw-la oportet_fw-la uobis_fw-la mandamus_fw-la rogantes_fw-la in_o fide_fw-la &_o dilectione_n quibus_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenemini_fw-la quod_fw-la omni_fw-la occasione_n postposita_a &_o negotiis_fw-la all_o 〈…〉_z s_o pretermissis_fw-la sitis_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la london_n in_o octabis_n s._n hilarii_n proxim_n futur_fw-la nobiscum_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la predictis_fw-la prelatis_fw-la &_o magnatibâ—s_fw-la nostris_fw-la quos_fw-la ibid._n vocari_fw-la fecimus_fw-la super_fw-la premissis_fw-la tractatur_fw-la &_o concilium_fw-la impensur_fw-la et_fw-la
those_o day_n of_o which_o i_o be_o at_o present_a to_o discourse_v be_v brief_o this_o 1._o they_o have_v every_o year_n a_o general_n council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n make_v up_o of_o the_o chief_a man_n both_o in_o honour_n and_o employ_v whether_o civil_a or_o ecclesiastical_a and_o therein_o law_n be_v make_v with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prince_n both_o for_o the_o church_n and_o state_n in_o matter_n pure_o spiritual_a such_o as_o the_o article_n of_o christian_a faith_n the_o clergy_n advise_v alone_o and_o what_o be_v upon_o their_o advice_n determine_v by_o the_o prince_n become_v a_o law_n as_o to_o those_o matter_n in_o matter_n of_o a_o mix_v nature_n as_o in_o regulate_v the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n the_o great_a lord_n deliberate_v together_o with_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o prince_n confirm_v what_o by_o the_o common_a advice_n and_o consent_v of_o both_o be_v recommend_v to_o he_o but_o because_o it_o may_v so_o fall_v out_o that_o some_o affair_n may_v arise_v which_o neither_o can_v be_v foresee_v at_o those_o general_a meeting_n nor_o may_v be_v defer_v till_o their_o next_o assemble_v therefore_o 2._o to_o prevent_v any_o inconvenience_n that_o may_v happen_v by_o this_o mean_n there_o be_v another_o great_a council_n hold_v every_o year_n make_v up_o of_o a_o select_a number_n of_o those_o who_o come_v to_o the_o general_n assembly_n and_o by_o they_o be_v such_o matter_n determine_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o with_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o same_o authority_n by_o which_o the_o other_o proceed_v such_o be_v the_o method_n of_o proceed_v 10._o in_o these_o public_a affair_n abroad_o and_o the_o same_o be_v in_o effect_n the_o polity_n of_o our_o own_o country_n under_o the_o government_n of_o our_o saxon_a prince_n they_o have_v their_o general_n council_n first_o in_o which_o they_o deliberate_v of_o all_o public_a matter_n and_o these_o council_n consist_v of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o abbot_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o of_o the_o wiseman_n great-man_n alder-man_n count_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o laity_n indifferent_o call_v in_o those_o time_n by_o any_o or_o all_o these_o name_n in_o these_o council_n they_o debate_v both_o of_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n and_o make_v law_n with_o the_o prince_n consent_n and_o concurrence_n for_o the_o order_v of_o both_o and_o this_o they_o do_v as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v judge_v after_o the_o like_a manner_n that_o we_o have_v see_v the_o french_a be_v wont_a to_o do_v the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n advise_v apart_o in_o matter_n pure_o spiritual_a but_o the_o great-man_n debate_v together_o with_o they_o in_o civil_a and_o mix_v affair_n and_o in_o which_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o state_n be_v concern_v as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o church_n thus_o athelstan_n when_o he_o publish_v his_o bed_n ecclesiastical_a law_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o do_v it_o with_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o bishop_n but_o when_o he_o come_v to_o his_o other_o constitution_n we_o find_v from_o their_o subscription_n that_o his_o noble_n as_o well_o as_o bishop_n be_v present_a 53._o and_o that_o both_o assist_v at_o the_o make_n of_o them_o whether_o beside_o these_o general_a council_n 11._o there_o be_v not_o in_o those_o time_n some_o more_o particular_a one_o with_o we_o as_o there_o be_v in_o france_n i_o shall_v not_o undertake_v to_o say_v that_o in_o process_n of_o time_n there_o be_v we_o be_v very_o sure_a and_o to_o which_o such_o only_a of_o the_o bishop_n and_o great-man_n be_v call_v as_o the_o prince_n think_v sit_v to_o advise_v with_o indeed_o as_o to_o any_o settle_a time_n of_o these_o council_n meet_v it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o as_o yet_o there_o be_v any_o fix_v though_o afterward_o a_o custom_n begin_v to_o be_v introduce_v of_o hold_v these_o great_a council_n once_o every_o year_n but_o yet_o within_o this_o period_n our_o prince_n begin_v very_o solemn_o to_o keep_v the_o three_o great_a festival_n of_o the_o year_n with_o their_o bishop_n and_o lord_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n in_o some_o sort_n hold_v a_o council_n three_o time_n every_o year_n with_o them_o it_o be_v true_a our_o ancient_a law_n make_v mention_n xxxv_o of_o a_o solemn_a assembly_n that_o be_v convene_v every_o year_n upon_o the_o first_o of_o may_n in_o which_o the_o chief_a both_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n meet_v together_o and_o this_o differ_v but_o little_a from_o such_o a_o council_n as_o we_o be_v now_o speak_v of_o but_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o in_o these_o meeting_n gemotum_fw-la any_o great_a affair_n of_o state_n be_v transact_v much_o less_o any_o law_n make_v but_o rather_o the_o main_a business_n that_o be_v do_v in_o they_o be_v solemn_o to_o renew_v their_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n and_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o law_n already_o make_v but_o though_o the_o great_a part_n of_o what_o 13._o concern_v the_o church_n be_v therefore_o transact_v with_o we_o as_o it_o be_v abroad_o in_o these_o state_n council_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v doubt_v but_o that_o within_o this_o period_n there_o be_v hold_v several_a ecclesiastical_a convocation_n or_o synod_n proper_o so_o call_v to_o these_o not_o only_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n be_v admit_v but_o the_o abbot_n and_o other_o clergy_n be_v call_v insomuch_o that_o in_o some_o of_o they_o we_o find_v priest_n deacon_n and_o monk_n and_o even_o abbess_v also_o mention_v and_o beside_o these_o not_o only_o the_o prince_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n present_a but_o oftentime_o his_o nobility_n together_o with_o he_o in_o these_o synod_n sometime_o the_o canonical_a discipline_n be_v enforce_v and_o matter_n of_o faith_n establish_v but_o general_o they_o meet_v for_o other_o purpose_n and_o do_v little_o more_o than_o either_o confirm_v the_o estate_n or_o privilege_n of_o some_o religious_a house_n or_o transact_v the_o like_a particular_a affair_n and_o still_o the_o general_n concern_v of_o religion_n be_v settle_v either_o by_o the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n apart_o or_o else_o by_o they_o together_o with_o the_o great_a man_n in_o the_o common-council_n or_o parliament_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o now_o have_v say_v thus_o much_o to_o clear_v the_o way_n for_o a_o right_a understanding_n of_o the_o method_n in_o which_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v transact_v in_o those_o time_n in_o which_o christianity_n first_o begin_v to_o be_v settle_v among_o we_o by_o our_o saxon_a ancestor_n i_o shall_v go_v on_o to_o take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a assembly_n whether_o synod_n or_o council_n that_o be_v hold_v in_o this_o country_n before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n it_o be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 596_o chron._n that_o austin_n the_o monk_n have_v determine_v to_o undertake_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o saxon_n in_o these_o part_n with_o the_o leave_v of_o pope_n 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present_a at_o this_o as_o he_o have_v be_v at_o the_o other_o two_o whether_o this_o be_v the_o same_o council_n which_o we_o find_v record_v by_o malmsbury_n in_o the_o life_n of_o lanfranc_n or_o whether_o there_o be_v another_o assemble_v the_o same_o year_n i_o can_v tell_v but_o that_o a_o synod_n be_v hold_v about_o this_o time_n at_o london_n we_o be_v 10_o well_o assure_v in_o this_o many_o ancient_a canon_n be_v revive_v and_o the_o foundation_n lay_v for_o renew_v the_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n of_o the_o church_n and_o because_o this_o have_v not_o sufficient_o determine_v what_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v do_v the_o next_o year_n after_o he_o hold_v another_o at_o winchester_n etc._n in_o which_o several_a useful_a constitution_n be_v establish_v the_o head_n of_o which_o still_o remain_v to_o we_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o those_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n that_o we_o be_v tell_v be_v assemble_v under_o k._n william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o the_o last_o of_o which_o however_o say_v to_o have_v be_v call_v by_o lanfranc_n who_o also_o preside_v in_o they_o yet_o still_o we_o must_v remember_v what_o we_o have_v before_o in_o general_a observe_v of_o this_o king_n that_o the_o 6._o archbishop_n call_v they_o by_o his_o command_n who_o also_o approve_v their_o act_n before_o he_o suffer_v they_o to_o have_v any_o authority_n in_o this_o realm_n for_o the_o far_a confirmation_n of_o which_o 27._o remark_n let_v we_o only_o cast_v our_o eye_n upon_o the_o conduct_n of_o this_o prince_n as_o to_o these_o matter_n in_o his_o own_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n and_o from_o thence_o we_o shall_v be_v able_a the_o more_o certain_o to_o judge_v what_o power_n he_o claim_v over_o his_o clergy_n in_o his_o new_a dominion_n and_o here_o we_o find_v that_o at_o whitsuntide_n anno_fw-la 1086_o he_o assemble_v his_o parliament_n at_o rouen_n the_o member_n who_o compose_v it_o be_v the_o same_o that_o in_o those_o day_n make_v up_o we_o there_o be_v present_a the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o abbot_n of_o his_o territory_n and_o with_o they_o the_o great_a lord_n of_o the_o laity_n be_v meet_v they_o 552._o make_v several_a law_n for_o the_o government_n both_o of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n and_o he_o be_v both_o present_a at_o their_o debate_n and_o by_o his_o authority_n confirm_v what_o have_v be_v agree_v on_o by_o they_o and_o when_o some_o time_n before_o the_o archbishop_n of_o rouen_n hold_v a_o provincial_a synod_n with_o his_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n pure_o to_o consult_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n and_o several_a canon_n be_v compile_v by_o they_o the_o act_n of_o it_o observe_v that_o the_o conqueror_n 311._o be_v himself_o both_o present_a at_o the_o make_n of_o they_o and_o that_o he_o afterward_o confirm_v they_o by_o his_o command_n such_o be_v the_o authority_n which_o this_o prince_n exercise_v over_o his_o synod_n as_o ii_o for_o his_o successor_n king_n william_n the_o second_o he_o be_v not_o at_o all_o 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