infringe_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n since_o that_o time_n according_a to_o the_o sundry_a alteration_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o government_n the_o council_n vary_v in_o form_n augustus_n establish_v a_o particular_a council_n of_o the_o wise_a senator_n &_o those_o but_o few_o in_o number_n and_o after_o that_o another_o strict_a council_n of_o maecenas_n and_o agrippa_n with_o who_o he_o decide_v the_o chief_a matter_n in_o turkey_n the_o council_n be_v keep_v four_o day_n in_o turk_n a_o week_n by_o the_o bassa_n wheresoever_o the_o prince_n soiourn_v if_o it_o be_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n at_o constantinople_n or_o in_o some_o other_o town_n within_o his_o dominion_n if_o in_o war_n it_o be_v keep_v within_o his_o pavilion_n in_o this_o council_n call_v divan_n where_o audience_n be_v open_a to_o every_o one_o they_o consult_v of_o embassage_n and_o of_o answer_n to_o be_v make_v unto_o they_o of_o matter_n of_o estate_n and_o of_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o mean_n how_o to_o provide_v for_o decay_a province_n of_o murder_n and_o condemnation_n the_o suppliant_a complainant_a or_o suitor_n speak_v without_o a_o advocate_n and_o be_v force_v to_o answer_v present_o to_o the_o objection_n of_o his_o adversary_n if_o he_o be_v present_a or_o to_o prove_v his_o say_n by_o witness_n and_o forthwith_o the_o definitive_a sentence_n be_v give_v which_o may_v not_o be_v revoke_v when_o the_o council_n have_v continue_v 7._o or_o 8._o hour_n the_o bassa_n visir_fw-fr make_v true_a relation_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o all_o that_o have_v be_v handle_v if_o he_o lie_v it_o be_v present_a death_n for_o the_o prince_n oftentimes_o listen_v at_o a_o window_n call_v dangerous_a right_a against_o the_o divan_n which_o be_v make_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o he_o may_v hear_v and_o see_v and_o not_o be_v perceive_v and_o although_o he_o be_v never_o there_o yet_o they_o think_v that_o he_o be_v always_o there_o after_o he_o have_v hear_v the_o discourse_n and_o advise_v of_o his_o council_n he_o seldom_o gainsai_v but_o confirm_v or_o moderate_v the_o same_o these_o thing_n be_v thus_o order_v they_o be_v write_v and_o register_v by_o officer_n appoint_v thereunto_o concern_v his_o treasure_n the_o bassa_n meddle_v not_o therewith_o but_o two_o general_a treasurer_n be_v overseer_n and_o chief_a dealer_n therein_o the_o one_o be_v of_o romania_n the_o other_o of_o anatolia_n two_o cade_n lisquer_n have_v the_o administration_n of_o all_o justice_n who_o sit_v with_o the_o bassa_n in_o the_o divan_n neither_o do_v any_o other_o sit_v there_o but_o the_o twelve_o bellerbeis_n the_o prince_n his_o child_n be_v precedent_n in_o their_o father_n absence_n the_o muphtie_a be_v chief_a of_o the_o religion_n and_o look_v unto_o matter_n of_o conscience_n venetian_n at_o venice_n the_o general_a assembly_n of_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n be_v call_v the_o great_a council_n which_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o of_o which_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o all_o their_o magistrate_n depend_v beside_o this_o great_a council_n and_o senate_n compound_v of_o threescore_n person_n there_o be_v four_o other_o counsel_n that_o be_v the_o council_n of_o sage_n for_o sea_n matter_n the_o council_n of_o sage_n for_o land_n matter_n the_o council_n of_o ten_o and_o the_o council_n of_o seven_o where_o the_o duke_n make_v the_o seven_o and_o this_o be_v call_v the_o seignory_n if_o there_o arise_v any_o hard_a matter_n among_o the_o sage_n it_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o council_n of_o ten_o and_o if_o they_o be_v divide_v the_o council_n of_o seven_o be_v join_v to_o the_o council_n of_o ten_o but_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v of_o great_a weight_n the_o senate_n be_v call_v and_o sometime_o also_o albeit_o rare_o the_o great_a council_n of_o all_o the_o venetian_a gentleman_n in_o which_o rhagusium_fw-la the_o last_o resolution_n be_v make_v at_o rhagusium_fw-la they_o create_v a_o precedent_n from_o month_n to_o month_n who_o dwell_v in_o the_o palace_n and_o have_v twelve_o counsellor_n which_o assembly_n be_v call_v the_o little_a council_n there_o be_v also_o a_o other_o council_n call_v the_o council_n de_fw-fr pregadie_n into_o which_o a_o hundred_o of_o genes_n the_o ancient_a citizen_n may_v enter_v next_o there_o be_v the_o great_a council_n at_o which_o all_o the_o nobility_n above_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n be_v present_a at_o genes_n the_o whole_a commonwealth_n be_v govern_v by_o they_o that_o be_v bear_v of_o eight_o and_o twenty_o family_n neither_o be_v any_o man_n call_v to_o bear_v any_o office_n whatsoever_o unless_o he_o be_v of_o this_o assembly_n which_o they_o call_v a_o aggregation_n out_o of_o this_o be_v take_v four_o hundred_o which_o make_v the_o great_a council_n that_o have_v all_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o be_v choose_v from_o year_n to_o year_n they_o create_v the_o duke_n and_o the_o eight_o governor_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n who_o be_v renew_a from_o two_o year_n to_o two_o year_n in_o switzerland_n there_o be_v two_o switzerland_n counsel_n in_o every_o canton_n a_o little_a one_o and_o a_o great_a one_o but_o if_o any_o great_a matter_n fall_v out_o that_o be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o league_n they_o hold_v their_o general_a council_n call_v a_o journey_n or_o a_o diet._n the_o like_a be_v use_v in_o almaigne_n where_o germany_n the_o emperor_n can_v ordain_v nothing_o that_o concern_v the_o common_a benefit_n of_o germany_n or_o the_o authority_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o empire_n without_o the_o counsel_n and_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n especial_o of_o the_o seven_o elector_n he_o may_v not_o of_o himself_o under-take_v any_o war_n at_o his_o pleasure_n neither_o levy_v tribute_n nor_o raise_v souldioure_n of_o that_o nation_n nor_o call_v in_o any_o foreign_a souldioure_n they_o have_v also_o a_o council_n establish_v at_o spira_n which_o be_v call_v the_o imperial_a chamber_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o parliament_n of_o almain_n for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n among_o they_o polonia_n in_o polonia_n there_o be_v a_o assembly_n of_o estate_n every_o year_n especial_o for_o these_o two_o cause_n the_o one_o to_o administer_v justice_n in_o sovereignty_n unto_o which_o be_v bring_v appeal_v from_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o country_n the_o other_o to_o provide_v for_o the_o defence_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o country_n against_o their_o next_o enemy_n namely_o the_o tartar_n who_o make_v often_o incursion_n upon_o they_o none_o be_v receyve_v for_o a_o senator_n among_o they_o if_o he_o be_v no_o palatine_a bishop_n governor_n of_o some_o fort_n or_o other_o captain_n or_o have_v not_o be_v ambassador_n in_o spain_n there_o be_v seven_o spain_n counsel_n beside_o the_o privy_a council_n which_o be_v always_o near_o the_o king_n in_o several_a chamber_n under_o one_o roof_n that_o the_o king_n may_v be_v the_o better_o infourm_v of_o all_o affair_n their_o name_n be_v these_o the_o council_n of_o spain_n of_o spain_n the_o indies_n of_o italy_n of_o the_o low_a country_n of_o war_n of_o the_o order_n of_o saint_n john_n and_o of_o the_o inquisition_n in_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n there_o be_v a_o privy_a council_n england_n which_o never_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o twenty_o person_n the_o first_o establishment_n thereof_o be_v but_o of_o fifteen_o although_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o conclusion_n of_o a_o peace_n make_v between_o lewes_n the_o nine_o and_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n that_o seventeen_o of_o the_o privy_a council_n swear_v unto_o it_o namely_o one_o archbishop_n chancellor_n one_o bishop_n six_o earl_n and_o six_o other_o lord_n beside_o the_o high_a treasurer_n and_o the_o two_o magistrate_n who_o they_o call_v the_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n fron_n three_o year_n to_o three_o year_n they_o hold_v a_o parliament_n where_o all_o the_o estate_n be_v call_v together_o to_o deliberate_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o enough_o of_o stranger_n let_v we_o now_o come_v to_o the_o establishment_n and_o institution_n of_o the_o council_n in_o this_o french_a monarchy_n where_o we_o shall_v see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o inferior_a if_o it_o go_v not_o beyond_o they_o in_o excellency_n and_o good_a order_n to_o all_o that_o be_v already_o set_v france_n down_o or_o that_o ever_o be_v first_o we_o know_v that_o the_o king_n have_v all_o sovereignty_n by_o right_a of_o the_o estate_n as_o heretofore_o we_o have_v discourse_v the_o first_o council_n near_o about_o he_o be_v the_o strict_a or_o secret_a council_n call_v the_o council_n of_o state_n affair_n which_o be_v common_o hold_v in_o the_o morning_n after_o his_o majesty_n be_v up_o none_o have_v entrance_n into_o this_o but_o a_o few_o who_o the_o king_n judge_v wise_a of_o great_a experience_n and_o most_o trusty_a to_o his_o majesty_n with_o who_o
continual_a trouble_n now_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o duty_n here_o mention_v by_o we_o of_o the_o husband_n towards_o the_o wife_n and_o of_o all_o other_o which_o daily_a communication_n may_v require_v be_v that_o true_a and_o unfeigned_a love_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o unseparable_a bond_n of_o every_o good_a marriage_n we_o have_v handle_v marriage_n heretofore_o the_o great_a effect_n of_o friendship_n which_o if_o they_o be_v require_v among_o common_a friend_n no_o doubt_n but_o they_o be_v much_o more_o between_o those_o who_o god_n nature_n the_o law_n and_o love_n have_v so_o straight_o join_v together_o also_o let_v husband_n know_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o reverence_v their_o wine_n more_o than_o any_o other_o person_n and_o perceive_v they_o to_o be_v wise_a and_o virtuous_a as_o they_o may_v make_v they_o if_o they_o be_v not_o altogether_o forlorn_a and_o corrupt_v let_v they_o never_o seem_v wife_n to_o distrust_v they_o in_o any_o respect_n the_o roman_n when_o they_o return_v from_o a_o voyage_n or_o from_o a_o far_a country_n or_o only_o out_o of_o the_o country_n into_o the_o city_n if_o their_o wife_n be_v at_o home_n they_o send_v word_n before_o to_o give_v they_o intelligence_n of_o their_o come_n to_o the_o end_n they_o shall_v not_o conceive_v this_o opinion_n that_o they_o mean_v to_o deal_v crafty_o or_o malicious_o with_o they_o forasmuch_o therefore_o as_o love_v and_o friendship_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o every_o good_a duty_n of_o the_o husband_n towards_o his_o wife_n and_o that_o which_o as_o it_o be_v steal_v away_o and_o make_v the_o will_n of_o his_o half-partner_n to_o be_v whole_o his_o own_o let_v we_o consider_v for_o the_o conclusion_n of_o our_o speech_n of_o some_o notable_a wife_n example_n of_o great_a love_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o man_n to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v be_v draw_v on_o to_o love_n and_o to_o honour_v they_o that_o be_v in_o the_o same_o place_n towards_o we_o that_o the_o church_n be_v towards_o god_n which_o he_o so_o love_v that_o he_o send_v his_o only_a son_n gracchus_n to_o die_v for_o the_o redemption_n thereof_o tiberius_n gracchus_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o rome_n find_v two_o serpent_n in_o the_o chamber_n wherein_o he_o sleep_v inquire_v for_o the_o meaning_n thereof_o by_o sooth-saying_a whereunto_o he_o give_v absolute_a credit_n answer_n be_v make_v he_o that_o if_o he_o slay_v the_o male_a first_o he_o shall_v die_v before_o his_o wife_n but_o if_o the_o female_a his_o wife_n before_o he_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o understand_v thereof_o he_o slay_v the_o male_a and_o within_o a_o little_a while_n after_o he_o die_v whereupon_o historiographer_n doubt_v whether_o his_o wife_n cornelia_n be_v more_o happy_a in_o find_v a_o husband_n that_o love_v she_o so_o well_o than_o miserable_a in_o lose_v he_o baptista_n fregosa_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o neapolitan_a wife_n who_o wife_n be_v take_v on_o the_o sea_n coast_n by_o the_o moor_n he_o present_o cast_v himself_o after_o she_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o follow_v their_o foist_n beseech_v they_o to_o take_v he_o also_o which_o they_o do_v so_o that_o both_o of_o they_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n of_o thunis_n to_o who_o the_o vessail_n belong_v who_o hear_v the_o discourse_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o be_v move_v with_o compassion_n over_o such_o perfect_a friendship_n deliver_v they_o both_o orpheus_n orpheus_n as_o the_o poet_n write_v love_v his_o wife_n so_o entire_o that_o she_o die_v on_o the_o wedding_n day_n he_o keep_v his_o love_n inviolable_a and_o will_v never_o set_v it_o upon_o any_o other_o ninus_n king_n of_o the_o assyrian_n fall_v in_o love_n with_o semiramis_n the_o wife_n of_o menon_n a_o vassal_n of_o he_o beseech_v he_o to_o let_v he_o have_v she_o to_o wife_n in_o recompense_n whereof_o he_o offer_v he_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n menon_n but_o menon_n bear_v such_o great_a love_n towards_o she_o that_o he_o will_v not_o yield_v thereunto_o whereupon_o the_o king_n be_v move_v with_o wrath_n and_o threaten_v to_o pluck_v out_o his_o eye_n and_o to_o take_v she_o away_o by_o force_n as_o he_o do_v in_o deed_n menon_n for_o periander_n very_a grief_n &_o sorrow_n hang_v himself_o periander_n king_n of_o corinth_n love_v his_o wife_n so_o tender_o that_o after_o she_o be_v dead_a he_o cause_v she_o to_o be_v lay_v by_o he_o certain_a day_n marcus_n lepidus_n lepidus_n be_v drive_v into_o banishment_n hear_v that_o his_o wife_n be_v marry_v to_o another_o whereupon_o he_o die_v for_o sorrow_n when_o numidius_n word_n be_v bring_v to_o plautius_n numidius_n a_o roman_a senator_n that_o his_o wife_n who_o he_o love_v as_o himself_o be_v dead_a he_o sylanus_n thrust_v himself_o into_o the_o bosom_n with_o a_o dagger_n whereof_o he_o die_v sylanus_n a_o roman_a slay_v himself_o after_o his_o wife_n who_o he_o singular_o love_v be_v take_v from_o he_o and_o give_v to_o nero_n the_o emperor_n dominicus_n catalusius_n prince_n of_o lesbos_n catahusius_n love_v his_o wife_n so_o well_o that_o although_o she_o grow_v very_o leprous_a yet_o he_o never_o deprive_v she_o therefore_o of_o his_o board_n or_o bed_n we_o read_v of_o a_o great_a lord_n of_o spain_n call_v roderigo_n sarmiento_n sarmiento_n that_o through_o grief_n which_o he_o receive_v for_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o wife_n he_o sleep_v for_o a_o year_n space_n in_o his_o clothes_n do_v never_o eat_v upon_o a_o table_n cloth_n nor_o sit_v he_o down_o in_o any_o chair_n but_o afflict_a himself_o diverse_o therefore_o let_v we_o learn_v by_o our_o present_a discourse_n to_o love_v our_o wife_n perfect_o yield_v due_a benevolence_n unto_o they_o and_o behave_v ourselves_o discret_o towards_o they_o without_o offend_v they_o or_o go_v beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o our_o duty_n and_o as_o nature_n mingle_v we_o together_o by_o our_o body_n to_o the_o end_n that_o take_v part_n of_o the_o one_o and_o part_v of_o the_o other_o and_o put_v wife_n all_o together_o she_o may_v make_v that_o which_o come_v thereof_o common_a to_o both_o and_o that_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o neither_o party_n can_v discern_v or_o distinguish_v that_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o itself_o from_o that_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o other_o so_o let_v we_o have_v all_o thing_n common_a together_o even_o our_o will_n affection_n and_o authority_n nevertheless_o this_o must_v be_v do_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o as_o in_o one_o cup_n although_o there_o be_v as_o much_o or_o more_o water_n than_o wine_n yet_o we_o call_v it_o wine_n so_o in_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o wife_n the_o husband_n name_n must_v be_v write_v as_o he_o that_o direct_v the_o same_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n let_v these_o word_n i_o and_o thou_o be_v banish_v far_o from_o they_o unless_o it_o be_v in_o this_o respect_n that_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o physician_n as_o blow_n give_v on_o the_o left_a side_n be_v feel_v on_o the_o right_n so_o the_o wife_n must_v through_o compassion_n feel_v the_o harm_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o the_o husband_n much_o more_o those_o of_o his_o wife_n to_o the_o end_n that_o as_o knot_n have_v their_o strength_n by_o interlace_v the_o end_n one_o within_o another_o so_o the_o society_n of_o marriage_n be_v preserve_v and_o strengthen_v when_o both_o party_n afford_v a_o mutual_a affection_n of_o good_a will_n be_v assure_v that_o both_o together_o shall_v be_v make_v heir_n of_o grace_n and_o life_n of_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o wife_n towards_o her_o husband_n chap._n 48._o amana_n nature_n have_v honour_v woman_n with_o a_o woman_n gracious_a allure_a of_o the_o eye_n with_o a_o sweet_a speech_n with_o a_o beautiful_a countenance_n and_o modest_a behaviour_n have_v give_v her_o great_a mean_n to_o win_v the_o good_a like_n and_o love_n of_o her_o husband_n if_o she_o be_v honest_a and_o shamefast_a as_o likewise_o she_o may_v easy_o deceive_v man_n by_o offer_v he_o pleasure_n if_o she_o be_v wicked_o mind_v this_o do_v olympias_n wife_n to_o king_n philip_n know_v full_a well_o when_o she_o take_v the_o thessalonian_n woman_n by_o the_o hand_n who_o her_o husband_n love_v so_o well_o and_o by_o who_o as_o they_o say_v he_o be_v charm_v and_o bewitch_v but_o the_o queen_n see_v she_o so_o fair_a and_o of_o so_o good_a a_o grace_n and_o as_o her_o speech_n declare_v a_o woman_n of_o a_o good_a house_n and_o well_o bring_v up_o away_o quoth_v she_o with_o all_o slander_n for_o i_o see_v well_o that_o your_o charm_n be_v in_o yourself_o and_o let_v we_o not_o think_v that_o the_o power_n of_o a_o lawful_a wed_a wife_n be_v less_o if_o by_o take_v all_o thing_n unto_o she_o her_o wealth_n her_o nobility_n her_o charm_n and_o the_o whole_a web_n of_o venus_n she_o study_n by_o meekness_n good_a behaviour_n and_o virtue_n to_o obtain_v
general_a end_n be_v to_o set_v a_o order_n and_o policy_n among_o we_o and_o not_o dispute_v of_o their_o reason_n and_o cause_n as_o long_o as_o their_o jurisdiction_n extend_v not_o to_o our_o soul_n to_o lay_v upon_o they_o a_o new_a rule_n of_o justice_n of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o their_o obedience_n due_a to_o the_o magistrate_n and_o to_o the_o law_n chap._n 56._o amana_n we_o have_v hitherto_o see_v that_o the_o preservation_n of_o policy_n depend_v of_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n that_o the_o sovereign_a magistrate_n rule_v thereby_o and_o use_v it_o as_o a_o bond_n to_o reduce_v to_o unity_n and_o agreement_n all_o the_o citizen_n of_o one_o commonwealth_n be_v unlike_a in_o call_v and_o live_v under_o his_o dominion_n at_o which_o mark_v every_o good_a politic_a governor_n ought_v chief_o to_o aim_v now_o my_o companion_n we_o be_v to_o entreat_v of_o this_o three_o part_n of_o a_o city_n which_o make_v the_o politic_a body_n perfect_a and_o absolute_a namely_o of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o that_o obedience_n which_o they_o ought_v to_o yield_v to_o the_o magistrate_n and_o to_o the_o law_n aram._n the_o whole_a commonwealth_n fare_v well_o or_o commonwealth_n ill_o as_o all_o her_o part_n even_o to_o the_o least_o be_v rule_v and_o contain_v themselves_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o their_o duty_n for_o all_o of_o they_o together_o make_v but_o one_o body_n whereof_o the_o magistrate_n be_v the_o head_n and_o the_o law_n the_o soul_n that_o give_v life_n unto_o it_o wherefore_o it_o be_v needful_a that_o these_o shall_v command_v and_o the_o other_o obey_v achitob._n whatsoever_o profit_v the_o whole_a profit_v the_o part_n and_o that_o which_o be_v commodious_a to_o the_o part_n be_v also_o commodious_a to_o the_o whole_a and_o so_o contrariwise_o wherefore_o to_o obey_v well_o which_o be_v necessary_o require_v of_o the_o people_n be_v great_o available_a to_o the_o whole_a political_a body_n now_o let_v we_o hear_v aser_n handle_v this_o matter_n unto_o we_o more_o at_o large_a aser._n in_o every_o discipline_n the_o beginning_n be_v common_o take_v from_o the_o least_o part_n thereof_o grammar_n take_v his_o beginning_n from_o letter_n which_o be_v the_o least_o thing_n in_o grammar_n it_o logic_n from_o the_o two_o least_o part_n thereof_o namely_o the_o noun_n and_o the_o verb_n geometry_n from_o the_o point_n arithmetic_n from_o unity_n music_n from_o the_o minnem_fw-la and_o sembrief_n which_o be_v likewise_o the_o least_o part_n thereof_o therefore_o have_v see_v that_o policy_n be_v the_o order_n and_o life_n of_o the_o city_n and_o that_o the_o city_n be_v a_o multitude_n of_o citizen_n before_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o they_o we_o must_v as_o i_o think_v entreat_v first_o of_o a_o citizen_n who_o although_o he_o differ_v according_a state_n to_o the_o diversity_n of_o commonwealth_n yet_o to_o take_v he_o proper_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v every_o one_o that_o have_v right_a to_o judge_v in_o his_o city_n &_o have_v a_o deliberative_a voice_n in_o the_o general_a or_o common_a council_n thereof_o this_o definition_n of_o a_o citizen_n can_v fit_o be_v apply_v to_o all_o citizen_n of_o all_o commonwealth_n but_o only_o to_o those_o that_o be_v rule_v popular_o wherein_o they_o be_v all_o equal_a and_o govern_v themselves_o by_o assembly_n in_o which_o every_o one_o have_v liberty_n to_o speak_v his_o advice_n citizen_n some_o define_v a_o citizen_n to_o be_v he_o who_o parent_n be_v citizen_n or_o else_o to_o be_v a_o free_a subject_n hold_v of_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o a_o other_o wherein_o they_o add_v this_o word_n free_a to_o distinguish_v he_o from_o slave_n and_o stranger_n but_o general_o we_o may_v say_v that_o whosoever_o may_v bear_v office_n or_o magistracy_n citizen_n in_o what_o form_n of_o government_n so_o ever_o be_v repute_v &_o take_v for_o a_o citizen_n and_o such_o be_v all_o the_o natural_a frenchman_n in_o this_o monarchy_n among_o who_o there_o be_v not_o one_o how_o base_a soever_o he_o be_v that_o may_v not_o be_v make_v noble_a by_o virtue_n or_o that_o may_v not_o by_o skill_n and_o integrity_n of_o life_n attain_v to_o the_o great_a estate_n of_o justice_n of_o treasury_n and_o of_o other_o public_a charge_n this_o be_v not_o see_v in_o all_o commonwealth_n for_o in_o the_o seignory_n of_o venice_n it_o seem_v that_o none_o be_v true_o venice_n citizen_n but_o the_o lord_n and_o noble_n who_o only_o enjoy_v the_o office_n of_o magistracy_n and_o may_v enter_v into_o the_o great_a council_n after_o they_o have_v attain_v the_o age_n of_o five_o and_o twenty_o year_n as_o for_o the_o people_n they_o intermeddle_v not_o with_o any_o matter_n of_o government_n this_o only_o except_v that_o they_o may_v be_v secretary_n and_o chancellor_n as_o contarenus_n report_v the_o city_n of_o rome_n have_v many_o time_n sundry_a government_n rome_n the_o appellation_n of_o a_o citizen_n be_v likewise_o diverse_a therein_o for_o as_o long_o as_o the_o first_o king_n rule_n the_o common_a people_n be_v altogether_o exclude_v from_o public_a honour_n &_o office_n but_o after_o when_o the_o regal_a power_n be_v change_v into_o the_o government_n of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o man_n choose_v by_o suffrage_n and_o common_a voice_n the_o people_n be_v admit_v to_o magistracy_n and_o to_o the_o manage_n of_o affair_n be_v present_a at_o the_o public_a assembly_n have_v in_o mars_n his_o field_n which_o be_v distribute_v by_o tribe_n ward_n company_n and_o century_n to_o deliberate_v of_o the_o common_a estate_n to_o create_v magistrate_n and_o to_o decree_v new_a law_n where_o he_o be_v repute_v for_o a_o citizen_n in_o deed_n that_o be_v a_o free_a man_n that_o have_v both_o house_n and_o tribe_n and_o possibility_n to_o attain_v to_o honour_n enjoy_v beside_o many_o other_o privilege_n and_o prerogative_n but_o when_o the_o sovereignty_n come_v into_o the_o emperor_n hand_n those_o assembly_n continue_v only_o under_o julius_n and_o octautus_fw-la and_o after_o be_v abrogate_a by_o tiberius_n and_o translate_v to_o the_o senate_n and_o to_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o the_o prince_n take_v away_o all_o authority_n from_o the_o people_n in_o public_a matter_n now_o to_o return_v to_o our_o former_a assertion_n we_o say_v citizen_n that_o all_o they_o be_v citizen_n to_o who_o the_o gate_n that_o lead_v to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n lie_v open_a i_o mean_v the_o whole_a company_n of_o they_o that_o live_v under_o the_o same_o law_n and_o sovereign_a magistrate_n such_o be_v all_o the_o subject_n and_o natural_a vassal_n of_o our_o king_n of_o who_o the_o people_n and_o the_o nobility_n estate_n be_v the_o two_o order_n or_o estate_n and_o of_o they_o be_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o church_n compound_v which_o make_v one_o part_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o france_n this_o selfsame_a distinction_n of_o citizen_n be_v observe_v almost_o throughout_o all_o europe_n florence_n but_o beside_o this_o general_a division_n there_o be_v some_o more_o special_a in_o many_o common-welths_a as_o at_o venice_n into_o the_o gentleman_n burgess_n &_o common_a people_n at_o florence_n before_o it_o be_v bring_v in_o subjection_n to_o a_o prince_n there_o be_v the_o great_a sort_n the_o middle_a sort_n &_o the_o vulgar_a or_o common_a sort_n of_o people_n and_o our_o ancient_a gaul_n have_v the_o druid_n the_o horseman_n &_o the_o inferior_a gaul_n people_n in_o egypt_n be_v the_o priest_n the_o soldier_n &_o the_o artificer_n and_o although_o plato_n labour_v to_o make_v all_o the_o citizen_n of_o his_o commonwealth_n equal_a in_o right_n &_o prerogative_n yet_o he_o divide_v they_o into_o three_o estate_n into_o guard_n soldier_n burgess_n and_o labourer_n whereupon_o we_o must_v necessary_o infer_v this_o conclusion_n that_o there_o never_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v commonwealth_n wherein_o the_o citizen_n be_v equal_a in_o all_o right_n and_o prerogative_n but_o that_o some_o have_v more_o or_o less_o than_o other_o and_o yet_o so_o that_o wise_a politike_n have_v careful_o provide_v that_o the_o mean_a shall_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o complain_v commonwealth_n of_o their_o estate_n moreover_o the_o conveniency_n and_o proportionable_a agreement_n of_o our_o french_a estate_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o this_o kingdom_n until_o this_o our_o infortunate_a age_n have_v continue_v &_o prosper_v so_o long_o among_o other_o kingdom_n both_o of_o ancient_a and_o late_a time_n namely_o when_o good_n honour_n and_o public_a charge_n be_v ordinary_o distribute_v according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o every_o estate_n and_o their_o right_n and_o privilege_n preserve_v especial_o when_o it_o be_v careful_o provide_v that_o one_o estate_n shall_v not_o grow_v too_o great_a above_o the_o other_o i_o mean_v that_o the_o nobility_n shall_v not_o keep_v the_o people_n too_o much_o under_o and_o bring_v they_o to_o a_o
king_n in_o old_a time_n which_o kind_n of_o rule_n be_v at_o the_o first_o bestow_v upon_o most_o inst_z man_n and_o it_o have_v great_o profit_v our_o commonwealth_n that_o from_o the_o begin_n thereof_o it_o have_v be_v rule_v by_o a_o kingly_a government_n the_o first_o name_n of_o empire_n and_o rule_n know_v in_o the_o earth_n say_v sallust_n be_v the_o royal_a estate_n but_o then_o man_n live_v without_o covetousness_n every_o one_o be_v content_a with_o his_o own_o from_o the_o beginning_n as_o trogus_n pompeius_n write_v of_o country_n and_o nation_n the_o government_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o king_n who_o be_v not_o lift_v up_o to_o that_o high_a degree_n of_o majesty_n by_o popular_a ambition_n but_o for_o their_o modesty_n which_o be_v know_v &_o approve_v of_o good_a man_n then_o the_o people_n be_v not_o keep_v in_o awe_n by_o any_o law_n but_o the_o pleasure_n &_o will_n of_o prince_n stand_v for_o all_o law_n they_o be_v more_o give_v to_o keep_v the_o frontier_n of_o their_o empire_n than_o to_o enlarge_v they_o kingdom_n be_v bound_v by_o his_o country_n that_o reign_v therein_o ninus_n king_n of_o the_o assyrian_n kingdom_n who_o the_o scripture_n call_v nimrod_n that_o be_v a_o rebel_n and_o a_o mighty_a hunter_n be_v the_o first_o that_o change_v the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o nation_n through_o greedy_a desire_n of_o rule_v and_o that_o begin_v to_o war_n upon_o his_o neighbour_n for_o find_v that_o the_o people_n know_v not_o as_o yet_o how_o to_o resist_v he_o subdue_v they_o all_o from_o his_o kingdom_n to_o the_o end_n of_o lybia_n almost_o all_o the_o ancient_a nation_n of_o great_a renown_n live_v monaâ—chically_o under_o the_o royal_a government_n as_o the_o scythian_n ethiopian_n indian_n assyrian_n mede_n egyptian_n bactrian_n armenian_n macedonian_n jew_n and_o roman_n after_o they_o be_v weary_a of_o other_o governement_n those_o also_o that_o be_v most_o famous_a at_o this_o day_n live_v after_o the_o same_o sort_n as_o the_o frenchman_n spaniard_n englishman_n polonian_n dane_n moscovite_n tartar_n turk_n abyssine_n moor_n agiamesques_n zagathians_n cathain_n yea_o the_o savage_a people_n new_o discover_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o under_o king_n and_o they_o that_o live_v in_o other_o kind_n of_o commonwealth_n as_o the_o venetian_n do_v retain_v a_o outward_a show_n of_o elective_a a_o king_n who_o they_o call_v a_o duke_n who_o be_v elective_a and_o to_o continue_v his_o estate_n as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v in_o other_o place_n they_o have_v gonfalonner_n as_o at_o lucques_n the_o like_a whereof_o they_o be_v wont_v to_o have_v at_o florence_n and_o at_o sienna_n in_o some_o place_n they_o have_v aduoyer_n or_o bourgmaister_n as_o in_o the_o canton_n of_o switzerland_n and_o in_o the_o free_a town_n of_o import_v germany_n which_o acknowledge_v a_o emperor_n upon_o which_o name_n we_o will_v note_v by_o the_o way_n that_o it_o import_v no_o more_o than_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n although_o among_o the_o lawyer_n and_o other_o there_o have_v be_v infinite_a question_n as_o touch_v the_o authority_n and_o pre-eminence_n of_o both_o namely_o that_o the_o emperor_n have_v usurp_v over_o other_o king_n until_o this_o present_a albeit_o the_o power_n and_o majesty_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v great_o diminish_v so_o that_o nothing_o else_o remain_v in_o a_o manner_n but_o the_o name_n and_o shadow_n of_o it_o within_o germany_n monarch_n as_o for_o this_o title_n of_o emperor_n which_o the_o roman_a monarch_n take_v to_o themselves_o &_o before_o use_v to_o call_v their_o general_n in_o war_n by_o that_o name_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o occasion_n take_v up_o after_o they_o have_v deprive_v tarquin_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o rome_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o pride_n and_o insolency_n this_o name_n of_o king_n become_v so_o odious_a among_o the_o roman_n that_o it_o be_v forbid_v to_o be_v use_v by_o a_o edict_n and_o solemn_a oath_n whereupon_o when_o their_o popular_a estate_n be_v change_v into_o a_o monarchy_n they_o will_v not_o call_v their_o monarch_n by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o ancient_a oath_n but_o call_v he_o emperor_n as_o appian_n write_v but_o to_o continue_v the_o discourse_n of_o our_o principal_a matter_n and_o to_o answer_v brief_o to_o answer_v the_o reason_n allege_v against_o a_o monarchye_n we_o have_v first_o to_o note_n that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o danger_n mention_v do_v cease_v where_o the_o monarchy_n go_v by_o succession_n as_o it_o do_v in_o we_o for_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n of_o fear_n in_o regard_n of_o any_o that_o may_v aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n or_o of_o the_o treaty_n and_o alliance_n which_o be_v not_o break_v by_o the_o prince_n his_o death_n but_o renew_v and_o confirm_v by_o his_o successor_n and_o heir_n unless_o before_o they_o be_v great_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o estate_n that_o new_a prince_n seek_v after_o novelty_n it_o may_v be_v say_v of_o some_o but_o it_o be_v much_o more_o usual_a in_o aristocratical_a and_o popular_a estate_n for_o magistrate_n that_o be_v renew_v so_o often_o will_v be_v very_o sorrowful_a that_o their_o year_n shall_v run_v out_o before_o they_o have_v do_v something_o that_o may_v cause_v man_n to_o speak_v either_o good_a or_o evil_n of_o they_o as_o for_o the_o trouble_n about_o the_o government_n of_o a_o young_a king_n peradventure_o it_o fall_v not_o out_o once_o in_o a_o hundred_o year_n whereas_o if_o a_o gonfalonner_n of_o genes_n be_v choose_v but_o only_o for_o two_o year_n &_o the_o commonwealth_n will_v be_v all_o on_o fire_n to_o put_v into_o the_o balance_n the_o cruelty_n and_o robbery_n of_o a_o tyrant_n whereby_o to_o counterpeaze_v many_o good_a prince_n there_o be_v no_o show_n of_o reason_n in_o so_o do_v for_o we_o know_v well_o enough_o that_o a_o peaceable_a aristocratie_n wise_o guide_v if_o it_o may_v be_v so_o be_v better_a than_o a_o cruel_a tyranny_n but_o the_o chief_a matter_n subject_n of_o our_o discourse_n be_v to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o better_a to_o have_v one_o one_o just_a and_o perfect_a king_n than_o many_o good_a lord_n and_o by_o the_o contrary_a argument_n whether_o the_o tyranny_n of_o 50._o tyrant_n be_v not_o more_o perilous_a than_o of_o one_o only_a tyrant_n now_o if_o many_o master_n pilot_n how_o wise_a soever_o they_o be_v hinder_v one_o another_o when_o every_o one_o desire_v to_o hold_v the_o rudder_n then_o sure_o many_o lord_n will_v do_v the_o like_a when_o they_o seek_v all_o together_o to_o govern_v the_o commonwealth_n albeit_o they_o be_v wise_a and_o virtuous_a and_o true_o no_o aristocratical_a or_o popular_a estate_n long_v can_v be_v name_v that_o have_v last_v above_o 600._o year_n together_o and_o few_o have_v endure_v so_o long_o but_o many_o monarchy_n have_v continue_v 1000_o and_o 1200._o year_n in_o the_o same_o estate_n moreover_o they_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o upright_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o as_o we_o have_v before_o discourse_v do_v all_o lead_v we_o to_o a_o monarchy_n but_o there_o be_v more_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o in_o our_o french_a kingdom_n which_o ought_v to_o move_v all_o french_a heart_n very_o much_o to_o desire_v the_o preservation_n thereof_o and_o to_o think_v themselves_o happy_a that_o they_o may_v live_v under_o it_o i_o mean_v that_o which_o we_o touch_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o our_o speech_n namely_o the_o agreement_n &_o participation_n which_o it_o have_v with_o all_o good_a policy_n many_o politic_n have_v give_v wealth_n this_o out_o that_o no_o commonwealth_n institute_v to_o continue_v long_o aught_o to_o be_v simple_a or_o of_o one_o only_a kind_n but_o that_o the_o virtue_n &_o property_n of_o the_o other_o estate_n must_v meet_v together_o in_o it_o to_o the_o end_n that_o nothing_o grow_v out_o of_o proportion_n which_o may_v cause_v it_o to_o degenerate_a to_o the_o next_o evil_a and_o so_o consequent_o overthrow_v it_o this_o be_v first_o observe_v mingle_v by_o lycurgus_n who_o in_o ordain_v the_o lacedaemonian_a commonwealth_n mingle_v the_o senate_n with_o the_o king_n &_o after_o the_o ephory_n be_v establish_v above_o the_o king_n insomuch_o that_o they_o be_v mingle_v and_o weigh_v so_o equal_o together_o that_o a_o man_n can_v not_o well_o discern_v under_o what_o kind_n of_o government_n mix_v it_o be_v erect_v the_o carthaginian_a commonwealth_n also_o most_o flourish_a for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v so_o institute_v in_o the_o begin_n thereof_o it_o have_v king_n the_o aristocratical_a power_n of_o senator_n &_o the_o common_a people_n who_o have_v their_o pre-eminence_n mingle_v in_o thing_n belong_v unto_o they_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n during_o the_o time_n of_o her_o great_a glory_n have_v these_o 3._o part_n so_o equal_o &_o proportionable_o temper_v that_o a_o man_n can_v not_o tell_v whether_o it_o
counsellor_n of_o estate_n chap._n 61._o aser._n dioclesian_n the_o emperor_n say_v that_o the_o condition_n of_o prince_n be_v miserable_a and_o dangerous_a prince_n because_o they_o be_v common_o deceive_v by_o they_o who_o they_o trust_v most_o be_v themselves_o almost_o always_o shut_v up_o in_o their_o palace_n and_o understand_v no_o more_o of_o their_o affair_n than_o their_o minister_n will_v declare_v unto_o they_o who_o consult_v many_o time_n together_o how_o they_o may_v disguise_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o estate_n for_o this_o prince_n cause_n although_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o prince_n to_o have_v many_o eye_n and_o ear_n for_o which_o intent_n we_o say_v that_o his_o counsellor_n serve_v yet_o he_o must_v look_v himself_o as_o much_o as_o he_o can_v even_o to_o the_o depth_n of_o his_o affair_n and_o true_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o dumb_a blind_a and_o deaf_a to_o speak_v see_v and_o hear_v nothing_o but_o by_o the_o mouth_n eye_n and_o ear_n of_o other_o man_n but_o in_o those_o thing_n wherein_o the_o prince_n be_v constrain_v to_o rely_v upon_o a_o other_o man_n report_n he_o must_v use_v great_a prudence_n to_o discern_v flatterer_n and_o disguiser_n of_o matter_n who_o prince_n be_v not_o touch_v but_o only_o with_o their_o private_a profit_n from_o those_o that_o be_v move_v with_o the_o zeal_n of_o public_a benefit_n and_o of_o his_o service_n and_o use_v these_o man_n in_o matter_n of_o counsel_n which_o be_v most_o necessary_a for_o the_o sound_a preservation_n of_o all_o estate_n and_o in_o deed_n there_o be_v never_o any_o estate_n but_o use_v counsel_n and_o counsellor_n in_o the_o establish_n and_o government_n thereof_o as_o we_o may_v understand_v more_o of_o you_o my_o companion_n if_o you_o think_v good_a to_o discourse_v of_o this_o matter_n amana_n city_n counsel_n say_v socrates_n be_v a_o sacred_a thing_n and_o as_o plato_n call_v it_o the_o anchor_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n whereby_o it_o be_v fasten_v and_o stay_v as_o a_o ship_n in_o the_o water_n yea_o all_o the_o great_a and_o goodly_a exploit_n of_o arm_n and_o law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o execution_n of_o a_o wise_a council_n aram._n counsel_n counsel_n say_v the_o same_o plato_n have_v the_o selfsame_a place_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n that_o the_o soul_n and_o head_n have_v in_o live_a creature_n for_o the_o understanding_n be_v infuse_v into_o the_o soul_n and_o sight_n and_o hear_n be_v place_v in_o the_o head_n so_o that_o the_o understanding_n be_v join_v to_o these_o two_o goodly_a sense_n and_o reduce_v into_o one_o preserve_v every_o thing_n but_o of_o thou_o achitob._n we_o expect_v a_o whole_a discourse_n upon_o this_o matter_n achitob._n thing_n all_o commonwealth_n consist_v chief_o of_o two_o thing_n of_o counsel_n &_o of_o judgement_n according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o which_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o estate_n be_v well_o or_o ill_o handle_v therefore_o to_o enter_v into_o this_o matter_n here_o propound_v and_o to_o leave_v judgement_n to_o be_v consider_v of_o hereafter_o we_o must_v first_o know_v that_o the_o ordinary_a council_n of_o a_o estate_n which_o the_o ancient_n common_o call_v a_o senate_n be_v the_o lawful_a assembly_n of_o counsellor_n of_o estate_n to_o be_v give_v advice_n to_o they_o that_o have_v sovereign_a power_n in_o every_o commonwealth_n when_o we_o say_v a_o lawful_a assembly_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o that_o power_n which_o be_v give_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o sovereign_a to_o meet_v together_o in_o time_n and_o place_n appoint_v and_o where_o as_o we_o call_v they_o counsellor_n of_o estate_n it_o be_v to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o other_o counsellor_n and_o officer_n who_o be_v often_o call_v to_o give_v advice_n to_o prince_n every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o vocation_n and_o quality_n and_o yet_o be_v neither_o counsellor_n of_o estate_n nor_o ordinary_a counselor_n of_o this_o council_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o public_a government_n council_n depend_v and_o by_o this_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v tie_v unite_a and_o knit_v together_o through_o that_o direction_n of_o religion_n justice_n war_n treasure_n law_n magistrate_n and_o manner_n which_o proceed_v from_o it_o therefore_o the_o senate_n be_v very_o well_o call_v by_o cicero_n commonwealth_n the_o soul_n reason_n and_o understand_v of_o a_o commonwealth_n whereby_o he_o mean_v that_o it_o can_v no_o more_o be_v maintain_v without_o a_o council_n than_o a_o body_n without_o a_o soul_n or_o a_o man_n without_o reason_n the_o hebrew_n likewise_o foundation_n call_v the_o council_n a_o foundation_n where-upon_a all_o goodly_a and_o commendable_a action_n be_v build_v and_o without_o which_o all_o enterprise_n be_v overthrow_v now_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o have_v be_v and_o be_v at_o this_o day_n among_o sundry_a nation_n sundry_a sort_n of_o government_n and_o policy_n so_o there_o be_v no_o less_o difference_n in_o the_o establishment_n of_o a_o council_n in_o they_o as_o also_o many_o alteration_n in_o the_o institution_n and_o power_n thereof_o and_o namely_o among_o the_o ancient_a grecian_n beside_o the_o several_a council_n of_o every_o commonwealth_n there_o be_v the_o sacred_a council_n of_o the_o amphiction_n so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v institute_v by_o amphiction_n the_o son_n of_o amphiction_n deucalion_n this_o council_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o graecia_n and_o be_v hold_v twice_o a_o year_n in_o spring_n time_n and_o in_o autumn_n at_o delphos_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o apollo_n for_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o seat_n thereof_o be_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o graecia_n the_o authority_n thereof_o be_v so_o great_a that_o whatsoever_o be_v conclude_v upon_o there_o the_o grecian_n observe_v and_o keep_v it_o inviolable_a whether_o it_o be_v in_o matter_n concern_v religion_n and_o piety_n towards_o their_o god_n or_o peace_n and_o unity_n among_o themselves_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o messenian_n meet_v together_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o year_n at_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o laconia_n and_o there_o after_o sacrifice_n consult_v of_o their_o weighty_a affair_n and_o yet_o both_o they_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o graecia_n have_v certain_a general_a counsel_n concern_v the_o government_n of_o their_o estate_n beside_o those_o lacedaemonian_n that_o be_v particular_a which_o they_o use_v daily_o the_o senate_n of_o thirty_o counsellor_n establish_v by_o lycurgus_n when_o he_o reform_v the_o lacedaemonian_a estate_n obtain_v the_o sovereignty_n not_o long_o after_o and_o of_o senator_n become_v absolute_a lord_n athenian_n solon_n ordain_v among_o the_o athenian_n beside_o the_o senate_n of_o 400._o which_o be_v changeable_a every_o year_n a_o privy_a &_o perpetual_a council_n of_o the_o areopagite_n compound_v of_o three_o score_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o of_o such_o as_o be_v blameless_a who_o have_v the_o manage_n of_o those_o affair_n that_o be_v most_o secret_a romulus_n roman_n the_o first_o founder_n of_o rome_n compound_v the_o senate_n of_o 100_o of_o the_o notable_a citizen_n and_o have_v receive_v the_o sabine_n into_o his_o protection_n he_o double_v the_o number_n of_o senator_n which_o afterward_o brutus_n increase_v with_o a_o other_o rome_n hundred_o as_o long_o as_o the_o happy_a popular_a government_n of_o the_o roman_n last_v the_o consul_n albeit_o in_o dignity_n they_o represent_v a_o royal_a person_n yet_o they_o have_v no_o other_o power_n but_o to_o lead_v the_o army_n to_o assemble_v the_o senate_n to_o receive_v the_o letter_n of_o captain_n and_o of_o their_o ally_n and_o to_o present_v they_o to_o the_o senate_n to_o hear_v embassador_n before_o the_o people_n or_o before_o the_o senate_n to_o assemble_v the_o great_a estate_n and_o to_o ask_v the_o people_n advise_v concern_v the_o creation_n of_o officer_n rome_n or_o publish_v of_o law_n but_o the_o senate_n dispose_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o common_a expense_n appoint_v lieutenant_n to_o all_o governor_n of_o province_n determine_v of_o the_o triumph_n order_a religion_n receive_v and_o licence_v embassador_n of_o king_n and_o nation_n and_o take_v order_n for_o such_o as_o be_v send_v to_o they_o the_o punishment_n of_o all_o offence_n commit_v throughout_o italy_n which_o deserve_v public_a execution_n as_o treason_n conspiracy_n poison_v wilful_a murder_n belong_v to_o the_o senate_n if_o any_o private_a person_n or_o any_o city_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o some_o special_a favour_n or_o of_o reprehension_n or_o of_o succour_n and_o protection_n the_o senate_n have_v all_o the_o charge_n thereof_o it_o be_v forbid_v under_o pain_n of_o high_a treason_n to_o present_v any_o request_n to_o the_o people_n without_o advice_n take_v of_o the_o senate_n nevertheless_o the_o sovereignty_n always_o belong_v to_o the_o people_n who_o may_v confirm_v rome_n or_o
too_o careful_a to_o keep_v themselves_o but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o conclusion_n of_o our_o discourse_n we_o say_v with_o aristotle_n that_o concupiscence_n and_o desire_n change_v the_o body_n and_o make_v the_o soul_n outrageous_a that_o so_o many_o as_o be_v infect_v with_o such_o a_o pernicious_a and_o damnable_a vice_n as_o intemperance_n be_v be_v no_o man_n but_o monster_n in_o nature_n lead_v a_o life_n altogether_o like_a to_o that_o of_o brute_n beast_n which_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o reason_n know_v nothing_o better_a or_o more_o honest_a than_o pleasure_n &_o have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o god_n neither_o reverence_v the_o beauty_n of_o virtue_n bestow_v all_o the_o courage_n craft_n &_o force_v that_o nature_n have_v give_v they_o to_o satisfy_v and_o to_o accomplish_v their_o desire_n so_o that_o if_o death_n bring_v with_o it_o a_o end_n of_o all_o sense_n and_o feeling_n and_o a_o utter_a abolish_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o well_o to_o man_n as_o to_o beast_n intemperate_a folk_n shall_v seem_v to_o gain_v much_o by_o enjoy_v their_o desire_n and_o lust_n during_o their_o life_n time_n and_o to_o have_v good_a cause_n to_o wax_v old_a and_o even_o to_o melt_v in_o their_o foul_a &_o filthy_a pleasure_n but_o see_v we_o know_v for_o true_o he_o that_o doubt_v hereof_o be_v very_o ignorant_a &_o most_o miserable_a that_o sense_n and_o feeling_n remain_v after_o death_n and_o that_o the_o soul_n die_v not_o with_o the_o body_n but_o that_o punishment_n yea_o everlasting_a pain_n be_v prepare_v for_o the_o wicked_a let_v we_o be_v careful_a to_o do_v the_o will_n of_o our_o father_n which_o be_v in_o heaven_n while_o we_o have_v time_n that_o in_o the_o triumph_a day_n of_o his_o eternal_a son_n we_o may_v not_o hear_v to_o our_o confusion_n that_o sentence_n of_o his_o mouth_n depart_v from_o i_o you_o worker_n of_o iniquity_n at_o which_o time_n the_o just_a shall_v shine_v as_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o 27._o god_n and_o the_o wicked_a shall_v be_v cast_v headlong_o into_o everlasting_a fire_n where_o shall_v be_v weep_v and_o gnash_n of_o tooth_n of_o sobriety_n and_o frugality_n chap._n 19_o aram._n socrates_n use_v to_o dispute_v earnest_o and_o grave_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o live_v as_o of_o a_o thing_n of_o great_a importance_n for_o he_o say_v that_o continency_n in_o meat_n and_o drink_v be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o foundation_n and_o beginning_n of_o skill_n and_o true_o the_o mind_n be_v much_o more_o prompt_a to_o comprehend_v all_o good_a reason_n when_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o hinder_v by_o vapour_n which_o the_o superfluity_n of_o meat_n send_v up_o thither_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n therefore_o that_o we_o handle_v this_o virtue_n of_o sobriety_n which_o depend_v of_o temperance_n and_o be_v contain_v under_o the_o first_o part_n thereof_o namely_o under_o continency_n achitob._n to_o live_v well_o and_o frugal_o say_v plato_n be_v to_o live_v temperate_o and_o as_o epictetus_n say_v there_o be_v great_a difference_n between_o live_v well_o and_o live_v sumptuous_o for_o the_o one_o come_v of_o temperance_n frugality_n discipline_n honesty_n and_o moderation_n of_o the_o soul_n content_v with_o she_o own_o riches_n and_o the_o other_o of_o intemperance_n lust_n and_o contempt_n of_o all_o order_n and_o mediocrity_n in_o the_o end_n the_o one_o be_v follow_v with_o shame_n and_o the_o other_o with_o true_a and_o last_a praise_n aser._n we_o can_v not_o well_o use_v our_o spirit_n say_v cicero_n when_o we_o be_v stuff_v with_o meat_n neither_o must_v we_o gratify_v the_o belly_n and_o entrail_n only_o but_o also_o the_o honest_a joy_n of_o the_o mind_n for_o that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o other_o part_n perish_v but_o the_o soul_n separate_v from_o the_o body_n abide_v for_o ever_o let_v we_o then_o harken_v to_o amana_n of_o who_o we_o may_v understand_v how_o necessary_a sobriety_n be_v for_o a_o happy_a life_n amana_n we_o if_o we_o set_v before_o our_o eye_n the_o long_a and_o happy_a life_n of_o the_o ancient_n so_o long_o as_o they_o observe_v sobriety_n and_o frugality_n out_o of_o doubt_n we_o will_v attribute_v one_o principal_a cause_n of_o our_o so_o short_a life_n and_o so_o full_a of_o infirmity_n to_o the_o riot_n superfluity_n and_o curiosity_n of_o diet_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v see_v among_o us._n the_o life_n of_o our_o first_o father_n be_v it_o not_o maintain_v a_o long_a time_n with_o fruit_n milk_n honey_n and_o water_n who_o ever_o come_v near_o their_o long_a and_o happy_a day_n since_o those_o time_n what_o preparation_n of_o exquisite_a victual_n do_v those_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o israelite_n think_v to_o find_v that_o come_v out_o of_o egypt_n to_o go_v into_o a_o new_a land_n walk_v forty_o year_n through_o the_o wilderness_n drink_v nothing_o but_o water_n and_o many_o time_n want_v that_o after_o those_o first_o age_n the_o grecian_n and_o roman_n love_v sobriety_n more_o than_o all_o other_o nation_n and_o as_o the_o hebrew_n use_v to_o eat_v but_o once_o a_o day_n which_o be_v at_o dinner_n so_o the_o grecian_n only_o sup_v for_o this_o cause_n we_o read_v that_o plato_n be_v demand_v whether_o he_o have_v see_v any_o new_a or_o strange_a thing_n in_o sicilia_n answer_v that_o he_o have_v find_v a_o monster_n of_o nature_n which_o do_v eat_v twice_o a_o day_n this_o he_o speak_v of_o dionysius_n why_o the_o tyrant_n who_o first_o bring_v up_o that_o custom_n in_o his_o country_n in_o the_o time_n of_o julius_n caesar_n the_o german_n a_o strong_a and_o warlike_a people_n live_v only_o of_o milk_n cheese_n and_o flesh_n not_o know_v what_o wheat_n and_o wine_n be_v nor_o yet_o what_o it_o be_v to_o labour_v the_o ground_n or_o to_o sow_v yea_o how_o many_o million_o of_o man_n be_v there_o at_o this_o day_n in_o the_o west_n region_n and_o land_n who_o know_v not_o what_o all_o this_o superfluity_n and_o daintiness_n of_o fare_n mean_v and_o yet_o live_v long_a and_o healthy_a in_o all_o frugality_n the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o upon_o herb_n and_o root_n whereof_o they_o make_v cake_n in_o steed_n of_o wheat_n and_o other_o of_o raw_a flesh_n whereby_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o judge_v that_o sobriety_n be_v the_o preservation_n and_o maintenance_n of_o health_n and_o of_o natural_a strength_n and_o vigour_n and_o so_o consequent_o of_o the_o life_n of_o man_n but_o when_o we_o look_v high_o and_o with_o together_o the_o eye_n of_o our_o mind_n mark_v the_o excellent_a glory_n and_o immortal_a praise_n deserve_v by_o so_o many_o camilli_n scipiones_n fabritiâ—_n metelli_n catones_n and_o by_o a_o thousand_o other_o famous_a family_n which_o execute_v so_o many_o worthy_a act_n by_o their_o own_o virtue_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o mean_a while_o keep_v such_o a_o simple_a and_o sober_a diet_n that_o the_o most_o of_o they_o be_v content_v with_o bread_n herb_n and_o water_n endure_v and_o tolerate_v cheerful_o all_o injury_n of_o weather_n go_v but_o homely_a array_v and_o altogether_o contemn_a gold_n and_o silver_n out_o of_o question_n we_o will_v judge_v those_o man_n very_o blind_a and_o far_o from_o the_o white_a of_o such_o glory_n and_o honour_n who_o embrace_v nothing_o but_o dissolutenes_n superfluity_n lust_n drunkenness_n pride_n and_o all_o such_o like_a imperfection_n that_o bear_v sway_n among_o we_o who_o behold_v vice_n mount_v so_o high_a that_o man_n must_v in_o a_o manner_n blush_v as_o much_o to_o speak_v of_o virtue_n or_o to_o be_v virtuous_a in_o a_o thousand_o company_n as_o in_o that_o happy_a time_n of_o the_o ancient_n they_o be_v ashamed_a of_o vice_n or_o to_o be_v vicious_a and_o true_o i_o think_v that_o these_o man_n be_v past_o shame_n care_v but_o little_a for_o the_o glory_n that_o have_v be_v in_o many_o age_n see_v they_o live_v for_o the_o body_n only_o after_o a_o brutish_a impiety_n without_o all_o regard_n of_o the_o foul_a or_o of_o the_o second_o life_n what_o say_v health_n i_o for_o the_o body_n nay_o rather_o they_o be_v the_o destroyer_n thereof_o see_v it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o sobriety_n be_v a_o great_a benefit_n and_o help_v to_o preserve_v health_n and_o bodily_a strength_n and_o to_o expel_v disease_n and_o be_v to_o be_v use_v as_o a_o good_a foundation_n to_o attain_v to_o a_o happy_a old_a age_n the_o experience_n hereof_o be_v well_o know_v to_o every_o one_o although_o there_o be_v no_o other_o proof_n but_o this_o that_o we_o see_v the_o simple_a sort_n of_o people_n that_o labour_n and_o travel_v to_o live_v with_o bread_n and_o water_n grow_v old_a in_o health_n whereas_o our_o prince_n and_o great_a lord_n be_v delicate_o bring_v up_o in_o idleness_n die_v young_a man_n torment_v with_o infinite_a disease_n especial_o when_o they_o
grow_v a_o little_a in_o year_n further_o let_v such_o dissolute_a man_n as_o make_v pleasure_n the_o end_n of_o their_o desire_n know_v that_o sobriety_n lead_v those_o that_o follow_v she_o to_o far_o great_a and_o more_o perfect_a superfluity_n pleasure_n than_o incontinency_n and_o superfluity_n do_v for_o these_o excessive_a fellow_n never_o expect_v hunger_n or_o thirst_n or_o any_o other_o pleasure_n of_o the_o body_n but_o through_o intemperance_n prevent_v they_o and_o so_o enjoy_v scarce_o half_a the_o pleasure_n but_o sober_a and_o temperate_a man_n forbear_v the_o fruition_n of_o their_o desire_n a_o long_a time_n have_v a_o far_o more_o perfect_a taste_n of_o they_o because_o as_o cicero_n say_v the_o pleasure_n of_o life_n consist_v rather_o in_o the_o desire_n than_o in_o the_o satiety_n thereof_o and_o if_o mediocrity_n be_v not_o observe_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v most_o acceptable_a and_o pleasant_a become_v most_o unpleasant_a do_v we_o not_o also_o see_v that_o when_o the_o body_n be_v not_o overcharge_v with_o meat_n and_o wine_n it_o be_v better_a dispose_v and_o more_o temperate_a for_o every_o good_a action_n and_o as_o for_o the_o spirit_n for_o which_o we_o ought_v chief_o to_o live_v it_o be_v more_o ready_a and_o nimble_a to_o comprehend_v and_o conceive_v what_o right_n reason_n and_o true_a honesty_n be_v for_o as_o aristotle_n say_v sobriety_n cause_v man_n to_o judge_v better_a and_o according_a to_o truth_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o in_o that_o respect_n be_v very_o necessary_a for_o the_o attain_n of_o philosophye_n likewise_o sobriety_n retain_v that_o in_o a_o wise_a man_n thought_n which_o a_o fool_n without_o discretion_n have_v in_o his_o mouth_n and_o therefore_o say_v cares_n we_o must_v strive_v by_o all_o beast_n mean_n to_o restrain_v our_o belly_n because_o that_o only_o be_v always_o unthankful_a for_o the_o pleasure_n do_v unto_o it_o crave_v continual_o and_o often_o than_o it_o need_v so_o that_o whosoever_o be_v not_o able_a to_o command_v over_o it_o will_v daily_o heap_v up_o mischief_n upon_o mischief_n to_o himself_o but_o frugality_n and_o sobriety_n be_v the_o mistress_n of_o good_a counsel_n and_o the_o badge_n of_o chastity_n for_o this_o cause_n titus_n livius_n commend_v more_o the_o barrenness_n and_o sterility_n of_o a_o country_n than_o fertility_n and_o fruitfulness_n say_v that_o man_n bear_v in_o a_o fat_a &_o fertile_a soil_n be_v common_o do-littles_a and_o coward_n but_o contrariwise_o the_o barrenness_n of_o a_o country_n make_v man_n sober_a of_o necessity_n and_o consequent_o careful_a vigilant_a and_o give_v to_o labour_n as_o the_o athenian_n be_v be_v situate_v in_o a_o very_a unfruitful_a place_n we_o make_v great_a account_n say_v paulonius_n of_o frugality_n not_o because_o we_o esteem_v the_o creature_n themselves_o vile_a and_o of_o small_a value_n but_o that_o by_o mean_n thereof_o we_o may_v increase_v the_o greatness_n of_o our_o courage_n and_o if_o the_o great_a &_o chief_a benefit_n that_o can_v come_v to_o man_n be_v say_v solon_n to_o have_v no_o need_n of_o nourishment_n it_o be_v very_o manifest_a that_o the_o next_o to_o that_o be_v to_o have_v need_v but_o of_o a_o little_a but_o among_o so_o many_o good_a reason_n of_o such_o excellent_a man_n the_o counsel_n of_o epictetus_n be_v well_o worth_a the_o mark_v where_o eat_n he_o say_v then_o when_o we_o will_v eat_v we_o must_v consider_v that_o we_o have_v two_o guest_n to_o entertain_v the_o body_n and_o the_o soul_n and_o that_o whatsoever_o shall_v be_v put_v into_o the_o body_n depart_v away_o quick_o but_o what_o good_a thing_n soever_o enter_v into_o the_o soul_n abide_v for_o ever_o to_o this_o effect_n timotheus_n a_o grecian_a captain_n have_v sup_v with_o plato_n in_o the_o academy_n at_o a_o sober_a and_o simple_a repast_n for_o the_o great_a festival_n dainty_n be_v olive_n cheese_n apple_n colewoort_n bread_n &_o wine_n say_v that_o they_o which_o sup_v with_o plato_n feel_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o another_o the_o next_o day_n yea_o a_o long_a time_n after_o for_o these_o wise_a man_n meet_v together_o at_o banquet_n void_a of_o excess_n not_o to_o fill_v their_o belly_n but_o to_o prepare_v and_o dress_v their_o mind_n &_o to_o learn_v one_o of_o another_o by_o their_o goodly_a discourse_n of_o philosophy_n whereof_o a_o virtuous_a soul_n have_v better_a taste_n than_o the_o body_n of_o a_o well_o relish_v and_o delicate_a meal_n such_o be_v the_o feast_n of_o pythagoras_n socrates_n xenocrates_n and_o of_o other_o sage_n of_o grecia_n where_o the_o discuss_n of_o good_a and_o learned_a matter_n there_o handle_v bring_v through_o the_o remembrance_n of_o they_o great_a pleasure_n and_o no_o less_o like_v commodity_n and_o that_o of_o long_a continuance_n to_o such_o as_o be_v present_a at_o they_o and_o as_o for_o the_o pleasure_n of_o drink_v and_o eat_v they_o judge_v the_o very_a remembrance_n thereof_o to_o be_v unworthy_a and_o unbeseeming_a man_n of_o honour_n because_o it_o be_v to_o pass_v away_o feast_n as_o the_o smell_n of_o a_o perfume_n neither_o will_v they_o suffer_v that_o man_n shall_v bring_v into_o their_o assembly_n the_o vanity_n of_o foolish_a delight_n as_o of_o the_o sound_n of_o instrument_n of_o interlude_n or_o of_o any_o other_o pastime_n which_o a_o wise_a man_n ought_v rather_o to_o esteem_v as_o a_o hindrance_n of_o delight_n than_o any_o pleasure_n at_o all_o for_o have_v within_o themselves_o sufficient_a matter_n of_o recreation_n and_o rejoice_v through_o their_o learned_a discourse_n it_o be_v mere_a folly_n to_o beg_v strange_a and_o frivolous_a delight_n from_o without_o they_o and_o plutark_o say_v that_o beast_n the_o brutish_a part_n of_o the_o soul_n depend_v of_o the_o feed_a beast_n and_o uncapable_a of_o reason_n be_v that_o which_o be_v please_v bring_v to_o order_n &_o satisfy_v by_o song_n and_o sound_n which_o be_v sing_v and_o tune_v unto_o it_o even_o as_o with_o the_o whistle_n of_o lip_n or_o hand_n or_o with_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o pipe_n shepherd_n cause_n their_o sheep_n to_o arise_v or_o lie_v down_o because_o they_o understand_v not_o a_o articulate_a or_o distinct_a speech_n that_o have_v some_o pith_n in_o it_o therefore_o i_o commend_v euripides_n for_o reprehend_v such_o as_o use_v the_o harp_n so_o long_o as_o a_o feast_n last_v convenient_a for_o quoth_v he_o music_n ought_v rather_o to_o be_v send_v for_o when_o man_n be_v angry_a or_o mourn_v than_o when_o they_o be_v feast_v or_o make_v merry_a thereby_o to_o make_v they_o give_v more_o liberty_n to_o all_o pleasure_n than_o before_o i_o suppose_v the_o egyptian_n banquet_n do_v better_a who_o use_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o banquet_n to_o bring_v in_o the_o anatomy_n of_o a_o dead_a body_n dry_v that_o the_o horror_n thereof_o may_v contain_v they_o in_o all_o modesty_n for_o this_o cause_n the_o memory_n of_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o three_o great_o recommend_v itself_o who_o banish_v all_o pomp_n and_o vanity_n from_o his_o wedding_n and_o drive_v away_o the_o player_n &_o jester_n cause_v a_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a folk_n to_o come_v in_o their_o place_n the_o custom_n which_o the_o lacedaemonian_n observe_v lacedaemonian_n when_o they_o live_v under_o lycurgus_n law_n be_v also_o worthy_a to_o be_v remember_v which_o be_v that_o no_o torch_n or_o light_n shall_v be_v bring_v unto_o they_o when_o they_o depart_v from_o feast_n at_o night_n that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o occasion_n unto_o they_o to_o fear_v drunkenness_n and_o so_o to_o avoid_v this_o shame_n that_o they_o only_o can_v not_o find_v out_o their_o house_n now_o in_o those_o happy_a time_n vine_n be_v plant_v and_o dress_v that_o wine_n may_v be_v drink_v rather_o in_o time_n of_o sickness_n than_o of_o health_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v not_o sell_v in_o tavern_n but_o only_o in_o apothecary_n shop_n those_o ancient_a sage_n common_o measure_v their_o drink_n by_o that_o say_n of_o anacharsis_n time_n that_o the_o first_o draught_n which_o man_n drink_v aught_o to_o be_v for_o thirst_n the_o second_o for_o nourishment_n and_o as_o for_o the_o three_o that_o it_o be_v of_o pleasure_n and_o the_o four_o of_o madness_n pythagoras_n be_v much_o more_o religious_a in_o this_o matter_n and_o live_v only_o of_o herb_n fruit_n and_o water_n say_v that_o the_o vine_n bring_v forth_o three_o grape_n whereof_o the_o first_o quench_v thirst_n the_o second_o trouble_v and_o the_o three_o altogether_o dull_v he_o never_o drink_v wine_n no_o more_o do_v that_o great_a orator_n demosthenes_n nor_o many_o other_o famous_a man_n of_o who_o history_n make_v mention_v the_o king_n of_o egypt_n be_v forbid_v wine_n which_o they_o never_o drink_v except_o on_o certain_a day_n and_o then_o by_o measure_n and_o true_o it_o bring_v with_o it_o pernicious_a effect_n aswell_o to_o the_o soul_n as_o to_o