pars 1. d. 37. 7 Earls more and 45 others In Claus. 16 E. 3. pars 1. dors 39. the first writ to the Temporal Lords entred in the roll issued Dilecto fideli suo Laurentio de Hastings Com. Pembroch c. Eodem modo c. to 9 Earls more and 94 others Claus. 16 E. 3. pars 2. dors 22. and so following the first writ to the Nobility issued Henr. Com. Lancastr 2 Earls more and 20 others Dors. 13. 4 Earls more and 17. others Claus. 17 E. 3. pars 1. dors 25. 11 Earls more and 40 others Cl. 18 E. 3. pars 1. dors 14. 13 Earls more and 40 others Claus. 20 E. 3. pars 2. dors 22. Iohanni de Warenna Com. Surr. 4 Earls more and 12. others Dors. 28. to him and 7 Earls more and 9 others Dors. 9. Henr. Com. Lancastr 10 Earls more and 30 others Cl. 22 E. 3. pars 1. dors 32. 10 Earls more and 30 others Claus. 22 E. 3. pars 2. dors 7. 9 Earls more and 56 others Claus. 24 E. 3. pars 2. d. â— Henr. Comiti Lancastr Edwardo Principi Walliae Duci Cornubiae et Comiti Cestriae 10 Earls more and 50 others whereof the 16 last are Assistants and 4 of them stiled the Kings Serjeants The writ Claus. 25. pars 1. dors 5. is Rex dilecto et fideli suo Edwardo Principi Walliae Duci Cornubiae Comiti Cestriae c. Vobis in fide et ligeantia quibus Nobis tenemini c. Eodem modo c Henrico Duci Lancastr 11 Earls 52 others Claus. 26. E. 3. dors 14. Edwardo Principi Walliae c. Henrico Duci Lanc. 11 Earls 24 others Cl. 27. E. 3. d. 32. to them 11 Earls more 43 other Great men Cl. 28 E. 3. dors 26 Edwardo Principi Walliae c. Henrico Duci Lancast. 11 Earls 48 others Claus. 29 E. 3. dors 8. Henrico Duci Lancast. 7 Earls and 41 others Claus. 31 E. 3. dors 21. Dilecto Consanguineo et fideli suo Humfrido de Bohun Com Hereford Vobis mandamus in fide et ligeantia c. 6 Earls more and 38 others Claus. 31 E. 3. dors 2. Edwardo Principi Walliae filio suo carissimo c. in fide et ligeantia c Consimilia Brevia Henrico Duci Lancastr 11 Comitibus and 50 others Claus. 32 E. 3. dors 14. Dilecto fideli suo Thomae de Bello Campo Comiti Warr. in fide et homagio 6 Earls more and 101 others Cl. 33 〈◊〉 d. 7. Ricardo Comiti Arundel 3 Earls more and 19 others Claus. 34 E. 3. d. 35. Humfrido de Bohun Com. Hertf. et Essex 3 Earls more and 20 others Dors. 4. Edwardo Principi Walliae â—ilio suo carissimo in fide et ligeantia Henrico Duci Lancastâ— 11 Earls more Leonel Com. Uâ—ton the Kings Son not an Irish Lord being one of them and 48 others Claus. 36 E. 3. dors 16. Carissimo filio suo Johan Com Lancastr in fide et homagio c. 8 Earls more and 29 others Claus. 37 E. 3. d. 22. Carissimo Filio suo Johanni c. as next before 9 Earls more and 40 others Claus. 38 E. 3. dors 3. Caâ—issimo filio suo Johanni c. 5 Earls more and 41 others Claus. 39 E. 3. d. 2. Carissimo filio suo Johanni c. 10 Earls more and 41 others In Claus. 42 E. 3. d. 22. the first writ to the Temporal Lords issued Carissimo Primogenito filio suo Edwardo Principi Aquitaniae Walliae Vobis in fide et homagio c Consimilia Beâ—via Johanni Duci Lancastriae 10 Comitibus and 41 others Claus. 43 E. 3. dors 24. Carissimo filio suo Johanni Duci Lancast. in fide et homagio c. 10 Comitibus and 35 others Claus. 44 E. 3. dors â— Carissimo Primogenito nostro Edwardo Principi Aquitaniae et Walliae in fide et ligeantia 11 Comitibus and 49 others Claus. 46 E. 3. dors 11. Dilecto et fideli suo Ricardo Com Arundel in fide et ligeantia 1 Earl more and 18 others But in the writs of Prorogation and Resummons dors 9 10. writs issued to Edward Prince of Wales Iohanni Regi Castellae et Legionis Duci Lancastr 7 Earls more 18 others besides those in the first summons Claus. 47 E. 3. dors 13. Ricardo Com. Aâ—undell in fide at ligeantia 5 Earls more and 33 others Claus. 49 E. 3. dors 6. Carissimo filio suo Iohanni Regi Castellae Legionis Duci Lancastr in fide ligeantia 9 Earls and 38 others after which follows a writ to the Prince of Wales Claus. 50 E. 3. pars 2. dors 6. Carissimo filio suo stiled his Son though in truth his Grandchild only not Son Ricardo Principi Walliae Duci Cornub. et Comiti Cestriae in fide et ligeantia Consimilia Brevia Johannni Regi Castellae Legionis Duci Lancastr 10 Comitibus and 35 others whereof Michaeli de la Pole Admirallo Flâ—te Navium versus partes Bâ—riales is one All the Writs of Summons to Parliament issued to the Temporal Lords under King Richard the 2. have the self-same Prologues recitals dates with those to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors in the precedent Section being entred next after them of which I shall give you this brief Epitome In Claus. â— R. 2. dors 37. the first writs to the Temporal Lords issued Carissimo Avunculâ— suo Iohanni Regi Castellae et Legionis Duci Lancastriae c Consimiles Literae to 12 Earls 47 Lords Barons and Great men Cl. 2 R. 2. dors 3. 29. The first writs issued to him and Consim Literae to 14 Earls 48 Lords Barons and Great men Cl. 3 R. 2. d. 32. the first writ was directed to him Consim lit to 13 Earls 47 Lords and Great men Cl. 4 R. 2. d. 32. the first writ is to him Cons. Lit. to 〈◊〉 Earls 44 Lords and Great men Cl. 5 R. 2. d. 32. 40. the first writs issued to him Cons. Lit. to 10 Earls 47 Lords and Great men Cl. 6 R. 2. d. 37. the first writ issued to him Cons. Lit. to 9 Earls and 45 Lords and Great men Cl. 7 R. 2. d. 37. the first writ is directed to him Cons. Lit. to 11 Earls 48 Lords and Great men Cl. 7 R. 2. d. 10. the first writ is to him Cons. Lit. to 11 Earls and 48 Lords and Grandees Cl. 8 R. 2. d. 35. is to him Cons. Lit. to 11 Earls and 50 Lords and Great men Cl. 9 R. 2. d. 45. is to him Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 11 Earls and 46 Lords and Great men Cl. 10 R. 2. d. 42. the first writ issued Carissimo Avunculo suo Edwardo Duci Ebor c. Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 1 Marquess 9 Earls 44 Lords and Great men Cl. 11 R. 2. d. 24. the first writ is to this Duke Consim Lit. to 2 Dukes 8 Earls 47 Lords and Great men Cl. 〈◊〉 R. 2. d. 13. to him Cons. Lit. to â— Duke 8
is evident not only by the memorâ—ble prâ—sidents of 3 H. 6. rot Parl. n. 10. to 14. 27 H. 6. rot Parl. n. 19. 14 E. 4. rot Parâ— n. 25. in Controversies of this Nature there recorded but by these two presidents of laâ—er times remembred by Mr. Cambdeâ— In the Parliament of 39 Eliz. Anno 1597. Thomas Baron de la Ware peâ—iâ—ioned the Queen to be restored to his anciâ—nt place and â—eat in Parliamenâ— whose case was this His father William by judgement of Parliâ—ment in the reign of Edward the 6. for endeavouring to poyson his Unkle the Lord de la Ware to gain his inheritance and honour was disabled to enjoy any inheritance or honour that might descend to him by his Unkles death Afterwards in Queen Maries reign he was condemned of High Treason and not long after intirely restored as if he had not been condemned Being disabled by his first Sentence to inherit his Unkles honor upon his death he was by Queen Elizabâ—ths special Favour and Letters Patents created Baron de la Ware de novo and sat only as a younger Baron then newly created during his life After his death his son petitioning to enjoy the place of his Ancestors in Parliament the Queen referred the business to the Lords in Parliament who finding the judgement against William his Father to be only personal and not to bind his children and that the judgement given against him under Queen Mary was no obstacle both because he could not lose that Dignity and Honor by it which then he had not his Unkle being then alive and because he was soon after intirely restored and for that the anâ—ient Dignity and Barony was not extinct by his new Creation but only suspended during his life being not vested in him at the time of his late Creation the Lords thereupon locum â—i avitum ADJUDICAVERUNT inter Barones Willoughbeium de Eresby Berkleium in quo ritè locatur In the same Parliament it was resolved by the Lords in the case of Thomas Howard Baron of Walden Knight of the Gâ—rter who being sick and unable to come to the House himself Baron Scroop as his Proxy was brought into the Lords House in his Parliamentary Robes between two Barons the chief King of Arms going before him where presenting his Patent and Creation when the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal had read it he was placed below all the rest of the Barons though he were the younger son of a Duke whose sons by an Order of Parliament made in the 6. year of King Henry the 8. ought to take place of all Viscounts and other Barons which the Lords then resolved to be intended out of Pâ—rliament but they ought to sit in the Parliament house only according to the time of their being created Barons as Mr. Cambden relates out of the Lords Iâ—urnal 36. That the Prelates Earls Barons and Great men of the Realm are the Proper Iudges of all Causes and Controversies there debaâ—ed between the King and his people and are all bound by Oath as well as the King to observe defend and maintain the rights of the Realm and Crown of England and that more especially by their Oath of Fealty and Homage whereby they were tied to the King and charged to appear when summoned in the writs of summons as you may read more at large before in Spelmans Glossarium Tit. Fidelitas Homagium ligeantia and in Mat. Paris who records Aâ— 1209. that K. Iohn caepit HOMAGIA de omnibus hominibus liberè tenentibus et etiam duodecim annorum pueris quos omnes post FIDELIT ATEM FACTAM in osculum pacis recepit ac demâ—sit Et Wallenses quod anteactis temporibus fuâ—raâ— inauditum venientes ad Regem HOMAGIA fecerunt ibidem licet tam divitibus quam pauperibus esset oâ—erosum Then passing into Ireland with a great Army there came to Dublin to meet him plus quà m viginti Reguli illius regionis qui omnes timore maximo perterâ— iti HOMAGIUM ILLI ET FIDELITATEM FECERUNT as the highest Obligation of their future Loyalty fidelity and subjection to him Upon which Account Homage is frequently stiled HOMAGIUM LIGEUM LIGEANTIA LIGANâ—IA by Bracton l. 2. c. 35. f. 79. Glanvil l. 7. c. 10. Guliclmus Neubrigensis Hist. l. 2. c. 37. Chron. Iohannis Bromton col 1005. Fleta l. 3. c. 16. Britton ch 68. De Homages Custumar Vetus Normanniae c. 43. Cooks 7 Rep. Calvins case f. 7. 1. Instit. f. 65. a. Hornes Myrrour des Iustices ch 35 36 37 38. Spelmans Glossarium Homagium Ligeantia because iâ— most strictly unites and binds the King and his Subjects together hunc ad protectionâ—m justum Regimen illos ad reverentiam tributa et dâ—bitam Subjectionem â—t obedâ—â—ntiam as they resolve whereupon the Lords are enjoyned in their writs of summons personâ—lly to appear in Parliaments and Great Councils in fide homagio QUIBUS NOBIS TENEMINI as I formerly observed 37. That the nâ—mbers of Earls Barons Temporal Lords and Great men summoâ—ed to our Parliaments and Great Councils andentred after the Eodem modo and Consimiles literae in the Rolls and Liâ—ts of Summons are oft times very various and different there being many more of them summoned to some Parliaments and Great Councilâ— than to others as you may easily discern by comparing their Numbers which I have here presented you with in the grosse after every writ the Prince of Wales himself the Duke of Lancaster and other Dukes and Earls as well as inferior Lords Barons and Great men being left out of some Lists of Summons one two or three Parliaments and Great Councils together or more and then inserted again into others the true reasons whereof I apprehend to be these ensuing 1. Their absence in forein parts or elsâ—where in the warrs or â—pon other special services of the King in which cases no wrâ—ts of Summons issued to them and if their names were entred in the Lists of the summons they were usually cancelled or rased out of them witness the forecited entrys in the Lists oâ— Claus. 11 E. 3. pars 2. dors 11. And Claus. 12 E. 3. pars 3. dors 32. 2ly Their abode beyond the Seas upon their own particular occasions Both which causes frequently happened during the wars with France Scotland and Ireland and whiles our Kings and Nobles had any Lands and Possessions in France Aquitain Normandy Anjow Picardy and other parts beyond the Seas Many of the Earls Lords Barons Great men and our Kings themselves being oft times by reason of Warrs Treaties Embassies and defence of their Inheritances absent in forein parts when Parliaments were summoned and held in England by the Custos Regni or Commissioners at which times I generally finde there were fewer Earls Barons and Noblemen summoned to our Parliaments and Great Councils than in times of Peace or when our Kings were personally present in
England most of the Earls and Temporal Lords attending on them in person in their wâ—rrs and voyages into forein parts as on Ed. 3 H. 4 5 6. 3ly The Civil wars hapning now and then between the King Lords and Barons upon which occasion some of the Temporal Lords whiles in open hostility and rebellion against the King were now and then as I conjecture left out of the Lists of Summons because they could not be conveniently summoned or would not appear upon any summons if sent them 4ly The attainders or Outlawries of some Earls Lords and Barons of High Treason for their wars Insurrections Rebellions or other Treasons against the King which disabled themselves and their Posterities to be summoned to Parliaments till pardoned or restored by the King to theiâ— honours bloud Lordships Baronies and Lâ—nds 5ly The Alieâ—ation of some Baronies by teâ—ure by sales gifts marriages escheats or otherwise from one person name family to another whereby the former Barons only by Tenure were no more summoned after such Alienations but the new Tenants who purchased or possessed them 6ly The deceases of some Earls Lords and Barons without heirs males of their Bodies or the Infancy or nonage of their heirs males at the time of their deathâ— who usually had no writs of summons till their full age though the Prince of Wales and Kings own sons were sometimes summoned to Parliaments during their Minority as will appear by comparing the dates of their wriâ—s with the time of their births mentioned in our Historians but few Nobles else were summoned during their Minority for ought appears Minors being unfiâ— to be Senators Counseâ—lors Judges in the Supremest Council Judicaâ—ure of the Realm as I have elsewhere proved 7ly Our Kings Liberty and Prerogative who though obliged by the anâ—ient Laws and customs of the Realm the Conâ—â—iâ—utions of Clarindon the Great Charter of King Iohn Ad habendum COMMUNE CONSILIUM REGNI aâ— Auxiliis assidendis et de Scutagiis assidendis 〈◊〉 faciemus Archiepiscopos Episcopos Abbates COMITES MAIORES BARONES REGNI SINGILLATIM PER LITER AS NOSTRAS c. ex debito Iustitiae as Sir Edward Cook informs us to summon EVERY ONE OF THE TEMPORAL LORDS BY DESCENT OR CREATION being of full age by writs to our Parliaments when held yet they have likewise a Freedom and Prerogative to create New Earls Lords Barons by special Writs or Patents or to Summon what particular Gentlemen and others of Parts and Abilities they please to their Parliaments and Great Councils to counsel and advise them as the exigency of their affairs shall require and they and their Counsel shall think necessary pro hac vice tantum or so oft as they deem necessary without creating them Earls Lords or Barons for life or inheritance by their general writs of Summons as I have elswhere evidenced 38. That the Eodem modâ— mandatum est c. And Consimiles literae diriguntur subscriptis in the Clause Rolls are for the most part general without defining the Degrees and Qualities of the persons underwritten except Dukes and Earls specified by their Titles but few else besides them And sometimes special As Eodem modo mandatum est Comitibus et Baronibus subscriptis Consimile mandatum habent singuli Comites BARONES MILITES subscripti Consimiles Literae diriguntur Comiâ—â—bus BARONIBUS MILITIBUS SUBSRIPTIS So as it is a difficult matter certainly to define by the large list of names which of them were real Lords and Barons of Parliament and which not except those only who were usually summoned and listed in the Rolls amongst the Lords and Barons and their posterity after them or such who are expresly stiled either Barons or Lords in the writs or lists of names of which I shall give you one instance In the summons of Claus. 5 E. 2. m. 25. dorso in the Eodâ—â— modo mandatum est Comitibus et Baronibus subscriptis there is this List of names with a particular distinction made of their Degrees in the Margin declaring all in that Catalogue to be Earls and Barons and in no Roll else upon my best observation Guidoni de Bello Campo Comiti Warr. Adamaro de Valenâ— Comiti Pembr Hâ—mfrido de Bohun Comiti Heref. Essex Iohanni de Warenna Comiti surr Edmundo Comiti Arundel Roberto de Veer Comiti Oxon. Hugoni de Veer Hugoni le Dispenser Iohanni de Hastings Ioh. de Gifford de Brimesfeld Willo Martyn Iohanni de Ferrar. Willo de Mareschall Roberto de Clifford Iohanni de Somery Roberto Fil. Paganâ— Iohanni Botetourte Roberto fil Walteri Pagano Tybetot Bartho de Badlesâ—ere Iohanni de Segrave Pho. de Kyâ—e Edmundo Deincourt Iohanni de Grey Rico. de Grey Iohanni la Ware Willo de Echingham Thomae de Furnivall Iohanni de Clavering Peero Corbet Rado Basset de Draiton Iohanni Dengaine Engayne Fulconi Lestrange Willo le Latymer Fulconi fil Warrini Roberto de Ufford Iohanni de Bello Campo de Somerset Hugoni de Courtenay Rado de Gorges Henr. de Lancastr Mauricio de Berkele Thomae Bardolfe Roberto de Monte altâ— Iohanni de Mohâ—â— An exact Alphabetical and Chronological Table of all Dukes Earls Marquesses Princes of Wales and forein Kings summoned to the Great Councils and Parliaments of England from 49 H. 3. to 23 E. 4. with the numbers of the Parliaments years and dorses of the clause Rolls of each King when there were two or more Parliaments in one year to which they were summoned or resummoned by Writs of Prorogation p. in the parentheâ—is signifying the part d. the dorse and the next figures the membranaes of the dorse or dorses wherein they are recorded The other dorses you may find in the forecited Writs A ALbemariae Thomas Duke of Albemarl or Aumarle Uncle to K. R. d 2. summoned to Parl. 9 R. 2. Edward Duke thereof 21 23 R. 2. 1 H. 4. Thomas Duke of Clarence Earl of Albemarle so stiled in his summons 1 2 3 4 H. 5. Aâ—â—gos Angos Danegoâ— or Anguish Gilbert de Vmfravil Earl thereof summoned to Parl. An. 25 d. 25. 27 d. 16 18. 28 d. 3. 17. 30 d. 9. 12. 33 â—4 â—5 Ed. 1. 1 d. 11. 19. Ed. 2. Robert de 〈◊〉 Earl thereof summoned 2 3. 12 d. 11. 29. 1â— 14 d. 5. 2. 15 16 17 18. d. 5. 21 23. 34 â— 2. Gilbâ—â—t de Umfrâ—vil 6 d. 4 9 19. 36. 7 8 9. d 8. 28. 10 d. 1 5. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23 33. 15. 16 d. 13 39 17 18 20 21 22 d. â— 7. 〈◊〉 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 d. 7 8. â—1 d. 2. 21. 32 33 34 d. 4. 35. 36 37 38 39 42 43 44 46 47 49 d. 4 6. 50 E. 3. 1 d. 37. 2 d. 13 29. 3 d. 13 29. 3. d. 32 R. 2. All these 3 Umfravils though the Title of their Earldom was Scotish were all originally English Barons of Prodhow Kime in Lancashire
the Clause Rolls now and then without any to the Temporal Lords or Barons registred together with them So there are some writs of Summons to and prorogations of Parliaments issâ—ed to Temporal Lords in some Rolls without any to Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors or Ecclesiastical Lords entred with them though no doubt they had the like writs of Summons and Prorogations although not registred as the bodies of the writs do manifest 21. That the writs issued to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and Clergy run usually in this form Vobis mandamus quod in fide et dilectione quibus nobis tenemini c. not in fide et homagio But the writs to the Earls Barons and Temporal Lords though they sometimes retain the self same words in fide et diloctione yet for the most part they run thus quod in fide homagio or ligeantia quibus nobis tâ—nâ—mini c. or in homagio â—idâ— et dilectione or in homagâ—o et ligeâ—ntia homagio or ligeantia being put in the place of dilectionâ— or added to fide et dilectione quibus nobis tenemini 22. That the writs to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots and Priors for the most part observe this stile Vobiscum ac cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus c. in all clauses of the writ The writs to the Earls Temporal Lords Vobiscum ac cum Praelatis et caeteris Magnatibus et Proceribus or caeteris Magnatibus or Proceribus only caeâ—eris being evâ—r placed before Praelatis in the writs to the Bishops Abbots but after Praelatis and before Magnatibus or Procâ—ribus in all writs to the Temâ—oral Lords because of different Orders the Prelates noâ— being Magnates or Procâ—râ—s by birth or in their own right but only the Temporal Lords and they being not Praelati or Ecclâ—sâ—astical Peers by order or function but only the Bishops Abbots Priors and other Ecclesiastical Barons 23. That the number of Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and Ecclesiastical persons summoned by writs to our Parliaments was for the most part equall to and many times farr exceeding the number of the Temporal Lords Barons as you may easily discern by computing and comparing their numbers in this with those of the Temporal Lord in the ensuing Section In the Parliamvnt of 49 H. 3. the number of the Prelates Abbots and Spiritual persons summoned by writ was 120. the number of Temporal Lords but 23. Anno 23 E. 1. d. 9. the number of the Spiritual Lords summoned was 77 of the Temporal Lords but 63. And dors 3 4. the Spiritual Lords summoned to another Parliament that year amounts to 90. the Temporal Lords only to 50. In 24 E. 1. d. 7. the Spiritual Lords summoned were in all 91. the Temporal but 43. yet in other Parliaments the Temporal Lords exceeded the Spiritual as in 27 E. 1. d. 18. the Spiritual Lords were 58. the Temporal 90. but in the next Parliament 28 E. 1. m. 3. the Spiritual Lords summoned were 102. the Temporal only 89. Their differences in number in other Parliaments I shall for brevity sake omit only in most summons under King H. 4 5 6. during these Kings absence and wars in France when most of the Earls and Temporal Lords were in actual service in the wars the Spiritual Lords were neer double to the Temporal 24. That the first writ wherein I finde any mention of and provision for the Defence of the Church of England is in 6 E. 2. here p. 20. the next is in 11 E. 3. p. 39 40. 12 E. 3. p. 42. 14 E. 3. p. 46. After which in the writs of 18 E. 3. p. 50. 31 E 3. p. 60 61 62. 46 E. 3. p. 67. 49 E. 3. p. 69. 1 R. 2. p. 69 70 72. and in most succeding them Defensionem Ecclesiae Anglicanae Salvationem et defensionem Ecclesiae Sanctae Et â—oc sicut salvationem et defensionem Ecclesiae Sanctae diligitis were usually inserted into the writs of Summons as well to Parliaments as Convocations and in writs to the Temporal Lords and Sherifs as they were in writs to the Clergy it being one principal end of summoning Parliaments and Convocations 25. That sometimes the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors were authorized by the writs themselves to make Proctors or Proxies to supply their places other times prohibited to make any Proctors or Proxies at all but peremptorily injoyned to appear in person without any excuse or Proctor to supply their absence But the Deans Chapters Archdeacons Priors and Clergy of every Diocess by a special clause of Praemunientes c. in the writs to the Archbishops and Bishops and by second writs to the Archbishops were summoned the Deans Priâ—rs and Archdeacons by themselves their Chapters by one and the Clergy of each Diocess Quod per duos Procuratores idonâ—os pâ—enam et sufficienteÌ„ potestateÌ„ ab ipsis Capitulis et Clero habentes dictis die et loco intersint ad facâ—end consentiend hiis quae tunâ— ibidem de Com Consilio regni nostri divina faventâ— clementia coâ—tigâ—rit ordinari Amongst others the Bishop of Bath and Wells was particularly injoyned Praemunientes Priorem et Capitulum Bathon et Decanum et Capitulum Wellen Ecclesiarum suarum c. quod idem Prior et Dâ—canus in propriis personis suis dicta Capitula per unum Procuratorem idoneum c. una nobiscum inter sint ad c. Hereupon the Prior of Bath when sick appeared not in person but by a Proctor and the Chapter of Bath by one or more Prâ—ctors specially chosen and authorized by their Letters of Procuration under their Seals Which Letters of Procuration I find entred in the antient Parchment Leiger Book of the Priory of Bath in sundry forms in the reign of King Edward the 1. which I shall here insert for their rarity and because they will inform us what â—ull and sufficient power other Priors Deanes Chapters and the Clergy of each Diocess as also the Spiriâ—â—al Lords when absent and authorized to make Proxies gave to their Procurators and in what forms other Letters of Procuration were made in former times of which I find only one printed in Mr. Selden The first of these Procurations runs in this manner being directed to the King himself Serenissimo Domino suo Domino Edwardo Dei gratia illustri Regi Angliae Domino Hiberniae et Duci Aquitanâ—ae sui devoti Thomas Prior et Capiâ— Bathoniensis Ecclesiae salutem et debitam cum orationibus assiduis reverentiam et fidelitatem Ad tractandum ordinandum et faciendum una Vobiscum et caererâ—s Praelatis et Proceribus et aliis Regni incolis in praesenti Convocatione Generali apâ—d Westm. die Dominica proxima post festum S. Martini pro diversis Regni negotiis convenientibus dilectum in Christo Conâ—ratrem et Conprofessum nostrum Fraâ—rem W. de Hamptâ—n â—ostrum facimus ordinamus et constituimuâ— PROCURATOREM per praesentes
Archbishoprick of York wherewith I shall close up this Section and my Observations on it Claus. 9 E. 2. m. 17. Rex venerabilâ— in Christo Patri W. eadem gratia Archiepiscopo Cantuar. c. salutem Pro firmo credimus et tenemus quod ad ea quae regni nostri salva ionem et â—opulâ— Nobis commissi tranquillitatem et quietem respiâ—iunt cum Dei adjutorio feliciter promovenda mauus velitis extendere liberalitâ—r adjuvantes Quidam itaque Praelati et alii de Clero Provinciae vestre convocaâ—i quos ad interessendum Parliamento nostro apud Lincoln fâ—â—imus summoneri ibidem ex parte nostra super Subsidio nobis pro guerra nostra Scotiae faâ—â—â—nda requisiti ad urgentem necessitatem in hac parte inevitabile periculum quod tam Ecclesiae Anglicanae quam Nobis et toti poputo nostro ex Scotorum inimicorum et rebellium nostrorum qui pluries Râ—gnum nostrum hostiliter sunt ingressi depraedationes inoâ—ndia homicidia at alla dampna quamplunima intulâ—runt perpetrando obstinat a malitia potâ—rit imminere nisi â—orum nequitiae citius et potenâ—â—cus cum Dei adjutorio resistatur suae considerationis intuitum dirigentes ad Subsidium Nobis ex causa praedictâ—s faciendum quatenus voâ—is absentibus cui subsuâ— â—t in quorundam aliorum tam Praelatorum quam Religiosorum et caeterorum de Clero dictae Provinciae absentia potuerunt unanimiter consenserunt Ita tamen quod tam ipsi quam alii de Clero vestrae Provinciae qui in dicto Parliamento praâ—entes non fuerunt coram vobis ad tractandum et consentiendum vestra auctoritate interveniente de certo Subsidio Nobis ut praemittitur faciendo in loco debito convocentur Vestram igâ—â—ur Paternitatem reverendam de qua fiduciam gerimus plâ—niâ—rem requirimus et rogamus quatinus omnes Pralatos tam Religiosos quam alios caterosque de Clero Provinciae vestrae supradictae quod sint coram Vobis apud Londâ—n die Mâ—rcurii prox post Quindenam Pasch. prox futur ad ultimum ad tractand in vestra praesentia et una vobiscum consentiend super Subsidio memorato convocari faciatis 〈…〉 Subsidio nomine nostro audiendam it nobis post moduÌ„ reportandam Teste Rege apud Lincoln 17 die Febr. Eodem modo mandatum est Custodi Spiritualitatis Archiepiscopatus Eborum sede vacante mutatis competenter mutandis excepto quod Clerum Eborae Provinciae venir◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ipso apud Eborum à diâ— Paschae in unâ—m mensem c. Teste ut supra What ever else concerns the Prelates Abbots Priors Convocation and Clâ—ry is reserved for its proper placâ— in subsequent Sections SECTION II. Of the several writs of Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils directed to the Temporal Lords as The King of Castel the Prince of Wales Dukes Marquesses Earls Viscounts Lords Barons and other Great men of the Lords House whereof there are several forms and varieties with Observations on them SOme pretended Antiquaries not well versed in our Records in their late printed Discourses of The Antiquity of the Parliaments of England p. 22. 24. 88. 89. meeting with a Transcript of ancient writs issued to Earls Barons and Great men holding lands of the King by Knight service to repair to him at a certain time and place cum equis et armis for his defence against Enemies or Rebels in times of warrs insurrection or danger have injudiciously conceived these writs to be Writs of Summons to Parliaments or confounded them promiscuously with them affirming That they find these writs recorded AMONG THE PARLIAMENT ROLLS of 14. or 15. E. 3. and therefore thought good to remember them When as there are â—o such writs extant in any Parliament Rolls in the Tower nor any Writs of Summons to Parliaments or Great Councils entred in our Parliament Rolls as they ignorantly publish but only in the Dorse of the Clause Rolls quite different and distinct from the Rolls of our Parliaments as the meanest Novice in Records can ascertain them Upon the like mistake some have conceited these ensuing writs of Claus. 45 47 H. 3. to be writs of Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils when as the writs themselves declare the contrary that they were only Summons to assist the King against Enemies and Rebells with horses and arms and all their power not to counsel advise or grant any aydes of money to him in Parliament Rex Willielmo de Bello Campo de Aumel salutem Mandamus Vobis in fide et homagio quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis ad Nos sitis London in craftino Apostolorum Simonis et Iudae absque dilatione ulteriori CUM EQUIS ET ARMIS ET CUM POSSE VESTRO tam de servitio vestro Nobis dâ—bito quam de subventione amicorum vestrorum pro quibusdam urgentibus â—â—egotiis personam nostram specialiter et Statum Coronae nostrae tangentibus Et hoc sicut de vestra fidâ—litate et dilectione confidentiam gerimus specialeâ—â—ullatenus omittatis Quia SUBVENTIONEM quâ—m Nobis et Coronae nostrae praeter servicium Nobis debitum ad praesens feceritis in consequentiam trahi nolumus nec vobis per hoc ullo tempore derogari Taliter vos habeatis in hac parte quod dicto die absque defalta ad Nos sitis ita quod vobis exinde in perpetuo teneamus ad grates Teste Rege apud Turrim London 18 die Octobris Eodem modo mandatum est Phil Basset and 107. Barons and great men holding by knights service there registred by name After which this writ ensues in the same Dorse Rex Abbati de Burgo Sancti Petri salutem Mandamus vobis in fide et dilectione quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis mittaris Nobis Servitium vestrum quod Nobis debetis ita quod sitis ad Nos in crastino Sancti Martini absque defalto pro quibusdam urgentibus negotiis personam nostram specialiter et statum regni nostri tangentibus Et hoc sub debito fidelitatis qua Nobis â—enemini nullatenus omittatis Teste ut supra Eodem modo mandatum est to 36 Abbots more whose names are there listed in the Roll Then follows this entry Isti subscripti vocati sunt ad crastinum Apostolorum Simonis Iudae CUM EQUIS ET ARMIS Thomas de Chauro with 16. more there named after him Mandatnm est Vicecomiti Essex quod summoneri faciat omnes illos de Honoribus de Redleg et Castro Baynard et de Hundredo de Rochford quod veniant ad Regem ad â—undem diem cum servicio suo Regi debito The like writs issued to divers others in this and other Membranaâ—s of this Roll of 45 H. 3. to ayde the King against the Barons then in rebellion against him and reduce them to their obedience as is evident by this writ
Matildae Comitissae Oxon. Katherinae Comitissae Athol Annae le Dispenser Iohannae Fitz-Wauter Margaretae de Roos The next I shall transcribe is this special writ of summons to the Prince of Wales entred at large in Claus. 49 E. 3. m. 6. dorso after the writs to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Temporal Lords and Sheriffs to elect Knights and Burgesses but before the writ to the Warden of the Cinque ports Rex carissimo Primogenito suo Edwardo Principi Walliae salutem Cum super arduis et urgentibus negotiis Nos et statum et defensionem Regni nostri ac Ecclesiae Anglicanae contingentibus Parliamentum nostrum apud Westm. duodecimo die Februarii prox futur teneri ordinavimus per quod per diversa Brevia nostra mandavimus singulis Prael t is Magnatibus et Proceribus dicti regni nostri quod ad dictum Parliamentum nostrum summoneri fecimus quod ad dictum locum Westm. 12 die Febr. intersint super negotiis praedictis tractaturi suumque consilium impensuri Et quia nolumus quod tam ardua negotia dicti regni absque avisamento et consilio vesâ—ro tract entur et dâ—rigantur Vobis mandamus quod apud dictum locum Westm ad dictum duodecimum diem Februar in propria persona vestra â—ntersits Nobiscum ac cum Praelatis Magnaâ—ibus â—t 〈◊〉 praedicâ—s super dictis negoâ—i 〈◊〉 vestrumque consilium impensuri Teste ut supra The next writ wherewith I shall here present you is that of Clause 21 R. 2. m. 9. dorso which is very observable Rex carissimo Avunculo suo Iohanni Duci Aquitaniae et Lancastriae salutem Quia de assensu Praeâ—atorum Procerum et Magnatum regni nostri Angliae in Parliamento nostro apud Westm diâ— Lunae prox post festum Exaltationis Sanctae Crucis prox praeterito summoneri fecimus existentium pro quibusdam arduis et urgentibus negotiis et materiis in eodem Parliamento adhuc pendentibus quae adhuc commode terminari non 〈◊〉 ac aliis causis saâ—is evidentibus dictum Parliamentum usque Quindenam Sancti Hillarii prox futur apud Salop in statâ— quo nunc fuit duximus prorogand et continâ—and Vobis in fide et ligeantia quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter injungendo mandamus quod apud Salop in Qnindena praedicta cum familia et 〈◊〉 staâ—â—â— vestro congruis et non cum multiâ—â—dine genâ—ium nec alio modo quam tempore Domini Edwardi nuper Regis Angliae Avi nostri et nostro anâ—iquitus et communi er fieri consueviâ— personaliter intersiâ—is Nobiscum et 〈◊〉 Praelatis Proceribus et Magnatibus dicti regni no 〈◊〉 super causis negotiis et materiis antedictis finaliâ—er tractaturi vestrumque Consilium impensuri abinde abâ—que licentia nosâ—ra speciali minime recessuri T. R. apud Westm. 5. die Novembris Consimiâ—â—â— Brevia sub eadem data issued to 5. Dukes more one Marquess 6 Earls and 33 Lords Barons and Great men I shall end this Section with this remarkable writ of Summons and Resummons recorded in Claus. â—1 R. 2. m. 13. dors after the List of the Lords names iâ—sued to William de Dacre Rex dilecto et fideli suo Willielmo de Dacre salutem Cum nuper de avisam nto Consilii nostri pro quibusdam arduis et urgentibus negotiis Nos statum et defensionem Regâ—a nostra Aâ—gliâ—â— et Eccleâ—â—â— Anglicanae concernentibâ—s quoddam Parliamentum nostrum apud Westâ— in crastino Purificationis beatae Mariae proâ— futur 〈◊〉 ordinavimus Et â—licet per breve nostrum vobis in fide et ligeantia qâ—ibus Nobis tene mini firmiter injungendo mandaveâ—muâ— quod cessanâ—â— exâ—usaâ—ione quaâ—unque dictis die et loco personaliter interâ—â—â—â— Nobiscum ac cum Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceâ—bus Regni nostri praedicti super negotiis praedictis tractaturi vestrumque consiliâ—m impensâ—â—i Vos tamen mandato nostro praedicto minime parentes ad Parliamentum praedictum dictis die et loco 〈◊〉 huca que venâ—e non curasâ—â—â— in nostâ—a contemptum manifeâ—â—um Et quia Parliamentum praedictum usqâ—e in dâ—em Lunae in 〈◊〉 Quin 〈◊〉 Paschae prox futur duximus continâ—and Vobis in fide et ligeanâ—ia vestris praedictis injungimus et mandamus quod excusatione quacunque cessanâ—e ad locum praedictum in Quindeâ—a praedictâ— perlonalâ—ter intersiâ—is Nobiscum et cum Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus dicti Regni nostri super negotiis praedictis tractaturi vestrumque Consilium impensuri ABINDE ABSQUE LICENTIA NOSTRA SPECIALI MINIME RECESSURI ET HOC SUB GRAVI PAENA PER NOS ET DOMINOS IBIDEM TUNC PRAESENTES LIMITAND NULLATENUS OMITTATIS Teste nt supra Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Consimilia Brevia diriguntur subscriptis sub â—adem data viz. Iohi. de Welle Chr. Iohi. Gray de Codonore Willo Botreaux Chr. Iohi le Warre Chr. Iohi. de Monteacuto Chr. Philâ—â—po le Dispenser Chr. By which writ it is apparent 1. That if any Lord neglect or refuse to appear upon the first writ of Summons issued to him that the King may resummon him by a second writ as here he did these Lords 2ly That the not appearing in Parliament upon the first writ of Summons through negligence wilfulness or without lawful excuse made for it is a manifest contempt to the King That no Peers summoned to Parliaments ought to depart whiles the Parliament conâ—inues without the Kings special license 4ly That the not appearing of any Peer when summoned or his departure from Parliament without the Kings special license is to be punished with such a heavy and deserved penalty as the other Lords sitting in Parliament shall limit and inflict not the King himself without the Lords Usefull Annotations and Observations upon the precedent Writs to the Prince of Wales King of Castel and Leon Dukes and other Temporal Lords and Barons and the lists of their names recorded after them 1. I Observe and must inform the Readers that in some few Clause Rolls there are writs of Summons entred only to Earls and other secular Lords without any writs to Archbishops Bishops Abbots and Spiritual Lords who no doubt had like writs then isâ—ued to them though not registred in the Rolls as the Lords writs attest 2. That in the Rolls where in they both are registred the writs to the Temporal Lords are now and then entred before those to the Archbishops Bishops and Spiritual Lords but most usually they follow them 3. That they are commonly entred both together on the self-same dorse or membrana their reciâ—als claâ—ses for the most part the same in terminis except in the Praemunâ—entes c. which is peculiar to the Archbishops and Bishops writs or in the clauses or Homagio et ligeantia quibu Nobiâ— tenemini which is peculiar to the Temporal Lords and never used in the writs to the Bishops Abbots and Eâ—clesiastical Lords but in
Council held in August Anno â—107 Vt nullus ad Praelattonem electus PRO HOMAGIO QUOD REGI FACERET consecratione suscepti honoris privaâ—etur Which Law and usage continued under King Henry the second as is evident by this passage of Glanvil l. 9. c. 1. who writ and was chief Justice under him Electi vero in Episcopos ante consecrationem HOMAGIA SVA FACERE SOLENT What solemn publike Oathes of Allegiance and Fidelity Bishops and other Clergymen as well as the Temporal Lords Commons have heretofore and of late years made to our Kings and their heirs you may read at leasure in the Exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower p. 427 657 663 25 H. 8. c. 20. 22. 26 H. 8. c. 7. 10. 35 H. 8. c. 1. 1 Eliz. c. 2 3. 5 Eliz. c. 1. 3 Jac. c. 3. 5. 7. Jac. c. 6. I shall only present you with one more thus recorded in the Clause Roll of 11 E. 4. m. 1. dorso Memorand quod tertio die Iulii Anno regni Regis Edwardi Quarti undecimo apud Westm. in Camera Parliamenti Venerabilis Pater Thomas Cardinalis Archiepiscopius Cantuar ac alii Domini Spirituales et Temporales ac etiam quidam Milites quorum nomina subscribuntur fecerunt Recognitionem Iuramentumque praestiterunt Edwardo primogenito dicti Domini nostri Regis Edwardi Quarti illustri Principi Walliae Duci Cornub Comiti Cestriae in forma sequenti ad corroborationem praemissâ—rum singuli corum manibus propries scripserunt sua Nomina I Thomas Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury knowledge take and repute you Edward Prince of Wallys Duke of Cornwall and Earl of Chester first begotten soâ— of our Soveraign Lord Edward the fourth King of England and of France and Lord of Ireland to be very and undoubted heir to our said Soveraign Lord as to the Crowns of England and France and Lordship of Irâ—land and promiâ—â—e and swear that in case hereafter it happen you by Gods disposition to overlive our said Soveraign Lord I shall then bear and in all things truly and faithfully behave me towards you and your â—heirs as a true and 〈…〉 Subject ought to behave 〈◊〉 to his Soveraign Lord and right wyâ— King of England c. So help me God and holy domes and the Evangelists T. 〈…〉 G. 〈◊〉 T. London Episc. Heâ—r Dunâ—lm W. Episc. Winton G. Clâ—rence R. Gloucester Norff. H. Buckyngham I. â—uff Arundell H. Essex E. Kent Riveriâ—rs I. Wiltshire W. 〈◊〉 Prior Hospâ—t S Iohannis E. Arundall Mautravers A. Gray I. Fenis R. Eâ—â—sc Sarum W. 〈…〉 T. 〈◊〉 R. Bathonien E. Carliol R. Beauchamp Sir Robâ—rt Fenys Bourgchier T. Bourchier W. Par. I. Dudley I. Audley Dacâ—e Edwâ—â—do Bergaveny I. Sâ—trange I. Scrop W. Ferrers Berners Hastingâ— Mouâ—tjoy Dynham Howard Duras I. Pilkâ—ngton W. Beaâ—don W. Courtenay T. Mullineux Raulf Ashtoâ— The first who brought Homage into England for ought I can finde was William the Conqueror and his Normansâ— who equally imposed it on all Bishops Abboâ—s and Clergymensas well as on the Laity in the self-same words and form for ought appears How Bishops Abbots came to be exempred from doing homage for their Temporalties to our Kings after their consecraâ—â—ons I have already touched shall here further declare for the informaâ—ion of those of my own profession Abbot Ingulphâ—s records 〈◊〉 mulcis armis retroactis even from King Eâ—hâ—lâ—eds reigâ— â—ulla electio Praelatorum erat merè iâ—era â—â—canonica â—ed omnes divnitaâ—es tam Episcoporum quam Abbatum per Annulum et Baculnm Regis curia pro sna complacentia conferebat his 〈…〉 King William the Conquerot who first bâ—ought the word and service of HOMAGE out of Normandy into England and at his Coronation at Loâ—don Ann. 1067. HOMAGIIS à Magnatibus as well of the Clergy as Laity acceptis cum FIDELITATIS JURAMENTO obsidibusque acceptis in regno confirmatus omnibus qui ad regnum aspiraverant factus est terrori as Matthew Paris p. 4. and Matthew Westminster p. 1. relate Ann. 1072. He received homage from the King of Scots And Anno 1079 He entred Wales with a numerous Army subdued it et a Regnlis 〈◊〉 ditionis HOMAGIA FIDELITATES ACCEPâ—T Anno 1083. Cepit HOMAGIA Ordinum totius Angliae et JURAMENTUM FIDELITATIS cujusâ—unque essent â—endi â—el senementiâ— And apud Londonias HOMINIUM SIBI FACERE et contra omnes homines FIDELITATEM JURARE OMNEM ANGLIAE INCOLAM IMPERANS therefore Bishops Abbots and Clocks as well as Laymen totam terram descripsit c. as Ingulphus informs us flourishing in that age The Pope being much offended that Kings should thus conferre Bishopricks Abbies and other Ecclesiastical dignities Per Annulum et Baculum and that Bishops and Abbots should thus doe Homage and Feâ—lty to them and become their men as well as Lâ—ickâ— as being a grand impediment to their Supreme Authority over Emperors Kings and Princes of the earth strenuoâ—sly attempted by Pope Hilâ— lebrand thereupon Pope Urban the 2d Anâ—s 1095. in a Council held at Claremount ordained Ut Episcopi vel Abbates vel aliquis de Clero aliquam Ecclesiasticam dignitatem de manu Principum vel quorumliber Laicorum non recipiant And this not prevailing in another Council held by this Pope at Rome Anno 1099. Urbanus Papa excommunicavit omnes Laicos investituras Eccleâ—arum dantes et omnes easdem investituras de manibâ—s Laicorum accipientes necnon omnes in officium sic dati honoris consecrantes Excommunicavit etiam eos qui pro Ecclesiasticis Honoribus LAICORUM HOMINES FIUNT id est HOMAGIUM INEUNT as learned Sir Hen. Spelman truly expounds it Dicens minus execrabile videri ut manus quae in tantam eminentiam excreâ—erant ut quod nulli Angelorum concessumâ—est ut Deum cuncta creantem suo signaculo CREANT mark the blasphemy and contradiction et eundem ipsum pro salute totius mundi Dei Patris obtutibus offerant in hanc ignaviam vel stulâ—itiam detrudantur ut ancillae fiant eorum manuum quae diebus et noctibus obscenis contactibus inquinantur sive rapinis et injustae sanguinis effusione addictae maculantur Et ab omnibus est clamatum fiat fiat et in his consummatum est conciâ—ium Hereupon Anselm Archbishop of Canterbury a Burgundian by birth and great Creature of the Popes peremptorily refused to consecrate any Bishops who received their Investiâ—ures per annulum baculum from the King or to have any communion with those who were thus invested and consecrated by the Archbishop of Yorke in his absence denying to do any homage or fealty to King Henry the 1. after his revocation by him from his exile under Will. Rufus without the Popes license affirming Volente DEO NVLLIVS MORTALIS HOMOFIAM nec per Sacramenâ—uÌ„ alicui FIDEM PROMITTAM Hereupon Rex Regnique Proceres Episcopi et cujuscunque generis aulici
et inde percipiet omnes reditus et exitus sicut Dominicos reditus suos Et cum ventum fuerit ad consulendum Ecclesiam debet Dominus Rex mandare poâ—iores personas Ecclesiae et in Capella ipsius Regis debet fieri electio assensu ipsius Regis et Concilio personarum regni quas ad haec faciendum advocaverit et IBIDEM FACIET ELECTUS HOMAGIVM FIDELITATEM REGI SICVT LIGIO DO MINO SVO de vita sua et de membris et de honore terreno salvo ordine suo priusquam consecretur Indeed Angelus de Clavasio in his Summa Angelica Tit. Homagium and other Canonists hold it to be Symonie and unlawfull prore ' spirituali puia Beneficio Ecclesiastico HOMAGIUM EXIGERE But our Lawes resolve it an antient Legal duty and Service Of which see more in Spelmanni Glossarium Tit. Fidelitas Homagium in William Somners Glossarium Tit. Homagium and in Bracton Britton and Fleta 4. That this clause in the writs to the Temporal Lords in fide homagio implies they were all or most Barons by tenure And whereas Sir Ed. Cook and Sir Henry Spelman assert That of antient time the temporal Lords were commanded by the Kings writ thus to appear In fide et homagio quibus Nobis tenemini and in the reign of Edward 3. in fide et ligeantia and sometimes in fide et homagio but at this day constantly in fide et ligeantia because at this day there are no feudal Baronies in respect whereof Homage is to be done which in 21 E. 3. was the true cause of this alteration If this observation of theirs That in fide et homagio feodales propriè respiciat Barones denoting only such Barons who were Barons by tenure or Barony for which they did their Homage and swore Fealty and Allegiance to the King then this is a most convincing argument that all the Lords and Barons summoned before 11 E. 3. were Barons only by tenure not by writ alone because they were all regularly summoned to appear in fide et homagio not in fide et ligeantia 2ly It is a clear mistake that this alteration of homagio into ligeantia was made in 21 E 3. for it was not till 25 E. 3. pars 1. dors 5. in fide et homagio being used both in the writs of 21 22 23 24 E. 3. 3ly The reason of this alteration could not be this they rendâ—r because all or most of the Lords and Barons then summoned did not hold of the King by Barony but were Barons only by writ not tenure First because all the writs to the Prince of Wales â—and Earls then summoned who held of the King by Homage and Barony issued in this form in fide et ligeantia to them as well as to the inferiour Lords and Barons 2ly Because the self-same Prince Earls Lords summoned in this form in 25 E. 3. in the very next years of 26 E. 3. d. 14. and 27 E. 3. d. 12. were twice summoned again iâ— fide homagio et ligeantia quibus Nobis tenemini and 28 E. 3. d. 26. in fide et homagio after in 29 E. 3. d. 8. 7. 31 E. 3. d. 21. 1. they are summoned in fide et ligeantia but yet in 32 E. 3. d. 14. 36 E. 3. d. 16. 37 E. 3. d. 22. 38 E. 3. d. 3. 39 E. 3. d. 2. 42 E. 3. d. 22. 43 E. 3. d. 24. 46 E. 3. d. 9. all the writs to the Prince Earls Lords and Barons run again in fide et homagio only and some between and after them in fide et ligeantia only though issued to the self-same persons or their heirs Therefore ligeantia in these and subsequent writs is put only as a Synonima signifying only Homagium as the coupling them together in two writs in fide homagio et ligeantia and the placing of Homagio thus interchangeably for ligeantia and ligeancia for homagio evidence beyond contradiction The rather because there is the highest promise and bond of Allegiance expressed in the very words and form of homage done to the King as the words I become your man from this day forwards of life and member and of earthly worship and unto you shall be true and faithfull and bear you faith and this clause saving the faith that I owe unto our Soveraign Lord the King when done to a common person import and Glanvil l. 9. c. 1. Bracton l. 2. c. 35. Fleta l. 3. c. 16. Sir Edward Cook in his 1 Institutes on Littletons Chapter of Homage Sir Hen. Spelman and Somner in their Glossaries Tit. Homagium Fidelitas at large demonstrate Therefore homage may be properly stiled ligeantia and be put in lien of homagio as doubtless it is in all those writs that use it 3ly I find sundry Homages for Dutchies Earldoms and Baronies done to our Kings by the Duke of Aquitain the Dâ—ke of Hereford Henry Percy the Duke of Norfolk and other Peers who were then and afterwards summoned in fide et ligeantia not homagio and I doubt Sir Edward Cooke and those of his opinion can hardly name any Dukes Earls Vicounts Lords or Barons summoned to Parliament under Henry the 3. R. 2. H. 4 5 9. or E. 4. who was not a Lord by Tenure or Barony as well as by Patent or a special writ of creation the very names of their Baronies as Sir Edward Cooke and Mr. Selden inform us being usually expressed in all later writs of Summonâ— Therefore this their conjecture of altering the writs from homagio to ligeantia because they held not by homage must needs be erronious and groundless in my judgemenâ— and the assertions of such who hold that the Kings bare general writs of summons issued to those who held not by Barony did create them and their issues Barons if they sate in Parliament without any special creation by some Clauses in the writs or by Paâ—ent grounded on this mistake must vanish into smoke else that Clause of creation in the writ to Sir Henry Bromfleet Cl. 27 H. 6. d. 24. would have been both superfluous and ridiculous 5ly That this clause in fide et homagio or in fide ligeantia quibus Nobis tenemini is sometimes omitted out of the writs of Summons to the Prince of Wales and other times inserted into them 6ly That the Prince of Wales in the writs of Summons and adjournment is sometimes stiled Princeps Walliae only sometimes Princeps Aquitaniae et Walliae other times Princeps Walliae Dux Cornubiae et Comes Câ—striae when all these titles were conferred on him by the King 7ly That in the writs issued to Dukes Earls and Temporal Lords of the Kings Progeny royal bloud and alliance they are usually stiled Carissimo filio nostro Fratri Regis Fratri nostro Avunculo Regis Avunculo nostro Nepoti nostro Consanguineo nostro c. and the other Earls and Temporal Lords
Dilecto et fideli nostro only and that those of the bloud royal are for the most part though not alwayes first entred in the Rolls of summons 81y That when a Duke or Earl of England was made a real or titular King of any forein Realm his Royal title was alwayes mentioned in the writ Thus Iohn Duke of Lancaster King of Castell and Leon in all writs of summons to him after his forein Kingship was stiled Carâ—ssimo filio suo Iohanni Regi Castellae et Lâ—gionis Duci Lancastriae in the summons of 46. 49 50 ◠〈◊〉 And Carissimo Avunculo suo Iohanni Regi Castellâ— Legionis Duci Lancastriae in all the writs issued to him under King Richâ—rd the 2d So if any Earl or Baron of England was created a Duke or Earl in Scotland France or Ireland his forein Titles were inserted into the writs as the Title of Cardinal or Patriarch of Ierusalem was inserted into the English Bishops writs created Cardinâ—ls and Patriarchs beyond the Seas Thus Gilbâ—rt de Vinf an l an English Baron being made Earl of Anegos and David de Strà bolgi Earl of Athol in Scotland Leonell the Kings son Earl of Vlster in Ireland the black Prince made Prince of Aquitain as well as of Wales and Iohn Duke of Lancaster Duke of Aquitan under Richard the 2d the were thereupon stiled Comiti Anegos Comiti Athol Comiti Vlton Principi Aquitaniâ— Walliae Duci Aquitaniae Lancastriae in the writs directed to them and if these their forein Titles were omitted in any Writs against them at the Common Law the writs would abate because they were English Peers and had these Titles inserted into their writs of Summons to Parliament where they sate in their Princes Dukes and Earls Robes amongst the rest of the Dukes and Earls But if any forein Duke Earl Lord or Baron of France Ireland Spain or Germany who was no English Baron Lord or Peer of Parliament was sued in the Kings Court by writ he might be stiled only a Knight or Esquire and needed not to be sued by the Title of Duke Earl Lord or Baron because he was no Duke Earl Lord or Baron at all in England but only in his own Country and should be tried upon an Indictment of Treason Murder or Felony only by an ordinary Iury and not by English Peers By which differences the Books of 39 E. 3. 3â— Brooks Nosme de dignity â—9 59. Parl. 4. 11 E. 3. Fiâ—zh Brief 473. 8 R. 2. Fitzh Proces 224. 20 E. 4. 6. Brooks Nosme de Dignity 49. Dyer â—60 b. Cook 7 rep Calvins case f. 15 16. 9. rep â—â—nchers case f. 117. 3. Instit. p. 20. 4. Instit. p. 47. are fully reconciled 9. That if any Earl Baron or Lord was Marshal Constable Steward Admiral Chancellor Treasurer or other great Officer of England or Warden of the Cinque ports his Title of Office was commonly inserted into the writs of Summons As Rogero or Thomae Comiti Naff Marescallo Angliae Avunculo suo carissimo Thomae de Wodestoke Constaâ—ulario Augliae Willo de Clâ—nton comiti Haâ—iâ—gdon Constabulario Castri Dover et Custodi quinque Portuum suorum c. What precedency these Officers had of other Earls Lords and Barons in Parliament you may read in the Statute of 31 H. 8. c. 10. and Mr. Sâ—ldens Titles of Honor. p. 901 c. 10. That in the lists of the Dukes Earls Lords and Barons names there is no certain order observed according to their Antiquity or Precedency but in some Rolls one is first entred in other Rolls others listed before them and they again postponed in succeeding lists Yâ—t generally for the most part â—hough not always the Prince of Wales is first entred before the rest the Dukes before the Earls the Earls Vicounts before the Lords and Barons and they before the Iudges or Kings Counsil and the Earl who was Marshal of England before the other Earls the Clerks entring their names promiscuously for the most part as the Writs came to their hands Some times the first Writs entred at large issued to one Earl Lord Duke Baron other times the Writs go to others without observing the Laws of Heraldry though in the reing of Edward the 3d. and afterwards their names are more methodically entred then before that time oft times in the selfsame order or with some small variations and transpositions So as the Precedency of the Earls or Barons and their places of sitting in the Parliament House cannot be certainly collected from or defined by the entry of their Writs of Summons or liâ—ting in the Eodem modo mandatum est or Consimiles litâ—rae but by custom and the Statute of 31 H. 8. cap. 10. 11ly That in some Clause Rolls there is one Writ to the Archbishop or some other Bishop first entred at large and another Writ at large to some one Earl or temporal Lord with an Eodem modo or Consimiles literae only entred to the rest there listed but most usually there is only but one Writ entred at large to one of the Archbishops or some other Bishops and then a short recital of some part of that Writ to one temporal Lord with an c. Teste ut supra and the like for brevity sake and an Eodem modo and Consimiles literae or some short entries of some special clauses of the Writ to all the other temporal Lords 12ly That in the Eodem modo and Consimiles Literae first the Bishops Abbots Priors and spiritual Lords then the Dukes Earls Temporal Lords Barons Justices Kings Counsils names are entred successively one after another after the first Writ which is singly entred in sundry Rolls without any Writ or part of Writ interposed between their names as if they had all the selfsame Writs in terminis issued to them But in most Rolls there is either a distinct Writ or part of Writ or an Eodem modo mandatum est c. mutatis mutandis interposed between the names of the Bishops Abbots Priors and Earls and Lay Lords likewise between the Temporal Lords and the Kings Counsil and Justices summoned to Parliaments with the usual clauses wherin the writs differ one froÌ„ another inserted into them which different clauses no doubt were in most of the Writs issued to them in those Rolls where they are all entred promiscuously together in the Eodem modo and Consimiles Literae without any Writ or part of a Writ or mâ—tatis mutandis interposed between theÌ„ omitted only for brevity sake by the Clerks who ingrossed the Rolls 13ly That the English Barons who were titâ—lary Earls in Scotland under the Kings Jurisdiction and Allegance were alwayes summoned and liâ—â—ed amongâ—â— the Earls of England in the Rolls of Summons not amongst the English Lords aud Barons who were no Earls witnesse Gilbert and Robert de Vmfranil Earls of Anegos in Scotland and David de Stabolgi Earl of Athol alwayes summoned to the Parliaments
by the Titles of these their Scotish Earldâ—ms and liâ—ted amongst the Enâ—lish Earls not Barons in the Clause Rolls Gilbert de Vmfranil being summoned by Writ as Earl of Anâ—gos to no lesse than 12. Robert de Vmfranil to 63. Gilbert 〈◊〉 Vmfranâ—l his Son to 50. English Parliaments David de Sirabolgi to 21. Parliaments and great Councils as Earl of Athol as the ensuing Table will inform you amongst the other Earls of England but no other Earls of Scotland besides these two The reason whereof was only this because they were English Barons and held lands by Barony in England though the Titles of their Earldoms were not Englishâ— but Scotish yâ—t they were under the Kings Subjection Allegiance and their Residence when thus summoned was upon their Baronies in England That Gilbert de Vmfranil was an English Baron and Lord of Parliament before he became Earl of Anegos is clear by the Clause Rolls of 23 E. 1. d. 4. 9. 24 E. 1. d. 7. wherein he was summoned to 3. Parliaments amongst the English Lords and Barons but then being Earl of Anegos by discent from his Mother he was in Cl. 25 E. 1. d. 25. sundry Parliaments after alwayes summoned by the name of Earl of Anegos and listed amongst the Earls of England as the ensuing Table demonstrates So Rob. de Umfranil summoned to Parliament amongst the English Barons Claus. 2. E. 2. d. 20. was in Claus. 2. E. 2. d. 11. and all succeeding Parliaments under Edward the 2. 3. summoned to Parliament as Earl of Anegos among the Earls of England with whom he is still entred in the Rolls The like may be said of David de Straâ—olgi who though originally a Scotish Earl was yet afterwards made an English Lord by the King and held Lâ—nds in England by Barony and upon that account summoned to sundry Parliaments and great Councils by â—â—e Title of Earl of Athol and registred amongst the English Earls in the Clause Roâ—ls Which I thought meet to touch both to rectifie and clear that doâ—bâ—e mistake in the Antiquity of the Parliaments of England newly printed p. 46. That Peers of Scotland were wont to come and be summoned to the Parliament And that the Peers of Scotland came to the Parliament for Iustice which the Author indeavours to prove by 39 F. 3. 35. in a writ of Râ—vâ—shment de Gard against Gilbert Vmfraviâ— who demanded judgmâ—nt of the writ because he was Earl of Anguish and not so named in the writ c. When as he was not summoned to our Parliament as a Peer of Scoâ—land but only as an English Baron dignified with the Title of a Scotlsh Earldome and came not to our English Parliament for Iustice but was summoned to it by Speâ—â—â—l writs as a Peer and Member thereof as the Clause Roâ—ls resolve and the very year Book likewise Of which more hereafter in its proper place 14ly That no Forein Prelates Earls Nobles Barons of Ireland Scotland or France were formerly summoned to the Parliaments of England as proâ—er Members thereof or Lords of Parliament to make Laws or impose Taxes or give Iudgment or Counsel in any matters relating to England but only our English Prelates Earls Lords and Barons as is most apparent by these special clauses in the writs of Summons Ibidem Vobiscum ac cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus DICTIREGNI ANGLIAE never Scotiae Franciae or Hiberniae in any writs whatsoever colloquium habere volumus tractatum And Dictis die et loco personaâ—â—ter intersitis Nobiscum cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus PRAEDICTIS or DICTI REGNI NOSTRIâ—â— super dicâ—â—s negotâ—â—s tractaâ—â—ri veâ—â—rumque consilium impensuâ—i And ad consentiendum hiâ—s quae â—unc ibidem de Communi consilio DICTI or EJUSDEM REGNI NOSTRI CONTIGERIT ORDINARI And by this usual clause in the Patents of creation of all our English Earls Lords and Barons of Parliament Volentes concedentes pro Nobis haeredibus successoribus nostris quod praefatus A. Comes B. or C. Baro or Dominus D. et haeredes sui masculi et eorum quilibet habeat teneat possideat sedem locum in PARLIAMENTIS nostris haeredum luccessorum nostrorum infra REGNUM NOSTRUM ANGLIAE inter ALIOS COMITES BARONES EJUSDEM REGNI ut COMES or BARO compared with the Patents of creation of Irish and Scotish Earls Lords Barons Boroughs which constitute them only Earls Lords Barons or Boroughs in terra Dominio nostro Hiberniae or Scotiae or infra Regnum nostrum Scotiae or Hiberuiae and Vnum Comitem Dominum vel Baronem omnium singulorum Parliamentorum Magnorum Conciliorum nostrorum c. in terra or Regno nostro HIBERNIAE or SCOTIAE â—enendorum and grant them only sedem et locum in Parliamentis nostris HIBERNIAE or SCOTIAE inter alios Comites Dominos Barones ejusdem Regni As the Kings Patents to Burroughs in Irel. gave them plenaÌ„ potestateÌ„ authoritateÌ„ eligendi mittendi retornendi duos discretos idoneos viros ad inserviendum attendendum in quolibâ—t Parliamento in dicto regno nostro Hiberniae not Angliae in posterum tenend But no Place or Voyce at all to their Peers or Burgesses in the Parliaments of England amongst the Earls Lords or Barons of England who have no seat Place or Voyce at all in the Parliaments of Scotland or Ireland as they are English Peers though subordinat Kingdoms to England Which I shall farther clear in some ensuing Sections 15ly That there is a great diversity between writs of Summons to Parliaments or General Parliamentary Councils and to particular Councils upon emergent occasions which are not properly Parliaments all the Bishops Abbots Priors Earls Lords Barons together with the Judges and Kings Counsil Citizens Burgesses of Parliament and Barons of the Ciâ—que ports being usually summoned to the one but some few Spiritual and Temporal Lords only without any Judges Assistants Knights Citizens Burgesses or Barons of the Cinque-ports or some few of them only and divers who were no usual Lords Barons of Parliament as in 32 E. 3. d. 14. and other Rolls summoned to the other as the Clause Rolls aâ—test Which difference some ignorant Antiquaries not observing have confounded them both together as one and the same and mistaken some writs of Summons only to a Council or to a conference with the King his Privy Counsil upon extraordinary dangers occasions for writs of Summons to a Parliament Such amongst other forecited writs are these of 35 E. 3. dors 36. 36. E. 3. d. 42. Where all those Earls Lords Abbots Peers Great men Gentlemen Counteâ—â—es Ladies and Dowagers who had Lands in Ireland and none else but they alone were summoned the Temporal Lords and great men to appear in proper Person the Clergymen Countesses Ladies and Dowagers to send one or more Proxies or Deputies in whom
they specially confided to the King and his Counsil at Westminster not to the Parliament there to confer and treat with them concerning the relief of Ireland and their passage to or sending men of Arms speedily into Ireland to resist suppress the Irish Rebels who much infested wasted and endangered it as the whole frame and contents of the writs themselves and the marginal Notes in the Rolls De Consillo Summonito De Veniendo ad Consilium c. resolve beyond all contradiction Which Ioseph Holland and others not considering in their Antiquity of the Parliaments of England p. 23. 88. have published these two grosse mistakes together viz. That in the time of Edward the thâ—â—â— therâ— was a writ then in use De admittendo â—ide dignas ad colloquium c. It is recorded amongst the Summons of Parliament 35 E. 3. that there is a writ De admittendo fide dignos ad Colloquium And amongst the Earls and Barons there is retorned Mâ—ry Countesse de Norff Alianoxa Countesse de Ormond Philippa Countesse de March Agnes Countesse de Pembroke and Katherine Countesse of Athol When as these Countesses were not recorded nor retorned amongst the Earls and Barons in any Summons to Parliament nor were they required to send or come to any Parliament or Parliamentary Council nor is thâ—re any writ in this or any other Roll De admittendo fide dignas or dignos ad Colloquium as they confidently affirme But they were only summoned by writ to send men of Arms into Ireland with other Lords Gentlemen Clergymen who had Lands and Possessions there as these Countesses all had for to defend and recover the same from the Irish Enemies and commanded Aliquos vel aliquem de quibus vel de quo specialiter confiditis MITTATIS apud Westm. c. Which MITTATIS these Pseudo-Antiquaries have metamorphosed into a writ DE ADMITTENDO fide dignas ad Colloquium By which grosse perversion they have evidenced themselves and their Treatises not to be fide digni in these and other particulars relaâ—ing to our Parliaments wherewith they have deceived both themselves and others who adore these their Oversights for Oracles 16ly That when any of the Earls Lords or Nobles were imployed in the Wars in France Scotland Ireland or any other service for the King in forein parts they were omitted out of the lists of Summons to Parliaments and Parliamentary Councils and if any writs in such cases issued to them they were usually revoked cancelled and entries thereof made upon the Clause Rolls This is evident by Claus. 11 E. 3. 25. dors 11. where I find these 2. Presidents in the lists of the Lords and Barons names Thomae Wake de Lydett VACAT QUIA IN OBSEQUIO REGIS Henry de Grey VACAT QUIA IN OBSEQUIO REGIS After which at the end of all the writs of Summons to the Sheriffs Warden of the Cinque-ports and Kings Counsel follows this entry of writs to some Earls Lords and Gentlemen besides those first mentioned after the Spiritual Lords then summoned Rex dilecto fideli suo Willo de Bohun Com. Northamton salutem Quia tam super urgentissimis c. ut supra in brevi directo Hent Com. Lâ—ncastr usque in finem Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. Thomae Com. Norffâ—er Mariscallo Angliae Avunculo Regis Willielmo de Monteacuto Comitâ— Sarum Rico. Comiti Arundell Hugoni de Audâ—le Comiti Gloucestr Roberto de Ufford Comiti Suff. Gilberto de Umfravill Comiti de Anegos Ranulpho de Dacre Bartho de Burghersh Johanni de Segrave Egidio de Badlesmere Rado de Nevill Johanni de Tybtofte Rico. Talebot Henr. de Percey Rado de Stafford Thomae de Berkele Antonio de Lucy Et Memorand quod Brevia istis Magnatibus immediate praescriptis directa de essendo ad PARLIAMENTUM praedictum remissa fuerunt Cancellar ET PRO EO QVOD QVIDAM EX EIS IN PARTIBUS SCOTIAE QUIDAM EX EIS IN PARTIBUS TRANSMARINIS IN OBSEQUIO REGIS EXISTVNT ADNUâ—LAND So Claus. An. 12 E. 2. pars 2. dors 32. There is this entry made in the lists of Summons Humfrido de Bohun Comiti Hereford VACAT QUIA IN OBSEQUIO REGIS And Cl. 2. R. 2. d. 29. Iohi de Nevill de Raby in partibus Aquitan If any Baron or Lords name were in the list of Summons and he not actually summoned there was then a Vacat entred in the Roll as in Claus. 11. E. 3. p. 1. dors 8. Iohi de Sutton de Holdernesse VACAT QUIA NON FUIT SUMMONITUS And if he died before the Parliament then his death was entred upon the Roll as Claus 9. E. 3. d. 28. Iohi de Clynton MORTUUS EST. 17ly That when any Temporal Lords or Prelates had writs of Summons to Parliament issued to them in times of warr and danger whilst they were imployed in the Warrs against the Scots in the North or parts of Scotland if they could not desert the Warrs and attend personally in Parliament without danger and prejudice to the Publike they had then writs of countermand sent them not to recede from the parts where they were in Service notwithstanding their Summons to Parliament For which I find this memorable president in Claus. 30 E. 1. d. 7. De non recedendo à partibus Scotiae Rex dilecto sideli suo Iohanni Segrave salutem Licet â—uper vobis mandavimus quod omnibus aliis praetermissis ad Parliamentum quod apud London in prox festo Sancti Michaelis duximus Statâ—end PERSONALITER INTERSITIS NOLUMUS TAMEN quod praetextu mandati praedicti partibus Scotiae seu Marchiae ejus in quibus estis in obsequio nostro constituti ALIQUALITER RECEDATIS T. Rege apud Losele XI die Septembris Consimiles literae diriguntur Alexandro Balliolo Edmundo de Hastinges Willo de Lâ—â—u Seniori Waltero de Huntercumbe Eodem modo mandatum est Roberto de Clifford quod a partibus in quibus nunc est NULLATENUS RECEDATIS To which I shall subjoyn this later President of Cl. 6. E. 2. d. 12. Rex dilecto fideli suo Waltero de Fauconberg salutem Licet nuper vobis mandaverimus quod omnibus aliis praetermissis essetis ad Nos tertia Dominica Quadragesimae prox futur apud Westm. ibidem Nobiâ—scum cum Magnatibus Proceribâ—s regni nostri super diversis negotiis Nos et statum ejusdem Regni tangenâ—ibâ—s tractaturi veâ—trumque consilium impensuri pro securiori tamen custodia et majori tuitione partium vestrarum contra Scotos inimicos et Rebelles nostros vobis mandamus quod a partibus praedictis sine mandato nostro vos nullatenus transferatis Teste Rege apud Westm. 20 die Febr. Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. Ranulpho de Nevill Willo de Vavasour Willo de Ros de Hamlake Marmiduco de Twenge Nicho. de Meivill Ade de Everingham Thomae de Multon de Egremond Thomae de Multon de Gillesland Ingelramo de
Gynes As for the Bishops in such cases they were by other special writs authorized to make Proctors to supply their places though summoned by the original writs to appear personally in Parliament and not by Proxies as in Claus. 20 E. 3. pars 2. d. 22. and Claus. 46 E. 6. d. 11. forecited p. 51. 52. 58. 18ly That if the King either Summoned or prorogued a Parliament to a certain day and place by his writs commanding the Earls Lords and other great men personally to appear in Parliament at that day and place and then by reason of other emergent occasions could not meet them or hold the Parliament at the time and place prefixed he then usually discharged them all from their attendance by a subsequent wrir Of which we have this pregnant example Claus. 5. E. 2. d. 17. Rex dilecto consanguineo fideli suo Thomae Comiti Lancast. salutem Licet nuper Vobiscum volentes ac cum Praelatis caeterisque Magnatibus Regni nostri supra Negotiis Nos statum dicti Regni tangentibus habere Colloquium Tractatum ordinassemus Parliamentum nostrum tenere apud Westm. prima Dominica Quadragesimae prox fuâ—ur Vobisque mandassemus quod dictis die loco PERSONALITER INTERESSETIS ad tractand Nobiscum cum Praelatis Magnatibus praedictis super negotiis antedictis Quia tamen PROPTER ALIQUAS CAUSAS ad locum praedictum dicto die ACCEDERE NON VALEMUS Vobis significamus QUOD AD DICTOS DIEM ET LOCUM PRAEMISSA OCCASIONE VOS ACCEDERE NON OPORTET Teste Rege apud Eborum 20. die January Consimiles Literae dirigunter subscriptis viz. to 6. Earls more and the rest of the Lords summoned with them to appear personally at this Parliament 19ly That sometimes the Temporal Lords as well as Prelates were more strictly and peremptorily required and adjured with greater earnestnesse to appear Personally in Parliaments and Parliamentary Councils then they were at other seasons without admitting any excuses or making any Proxies because through their absence and want of their personal presence when summoned the Parliaments were oft adjourned to some other time the businesse of the King and Kingdoms retarded delayed to the publike praejudice and the Parliaments sometimes dissolved without concluding any thing the Lords and Commons there assembled refusing to do or grant any thing when any of the chief Lords and Prelates were absent 20. That no Spiritual or Temporal Lords could absent themselves from Parliaments when duly summoned thereunto without a reasonâ—ble and just excuse nor make any Proxies or Proctors to supply their places but when specially authorized and licensed to do it in or by the writs of Summons or other special writs much leâ—â—e than could they be forcibly secluded the House when summoned by writ as some of late times have most violently been by those who were raised to defend both their persons and the privileges of Parliament 21. That armed Guards Forces and Troops of Soldiers in or near the Places where Parliaments are assembled and kept are altogether inconsistent with the Customs Vsage Freedom and Privileges of Parliament prejudicial obstructions to their proceedings and a great oppression to the people Vpon which account not only the Earls Lords and Barons are sometimes in the writs of Summons specially prohibited under grievous forfâ—itures and penalties to repair to the Parliament With men of Arms and multitudes of people and to come only cum dicenti comitiva de hominibus bonae discretionis et consilii et NON CUM HOMINIBUS AD ARMA sub forisfactura omnium quae Nobis forisfacere poteritis Claus. 2 E. 3. m. 31. dorso But our Kings likewise by special writs and Proclamations at the very first meeting of their Parliaments usually prohibited all sorts of men under pain of forfeiâ—ing all they might forfeit not to wear any privy Coat of plate or go Armed or carry any Warlike weapons within any City or Suburbs thereof where their Parliaments saâ—e during all the time of their Session that so the Parliaments and Memberâ—s might not be thereby disturbed interrupted over awed or terrified as those who please may read at large in the Statute of 7 E. 1. Rastals Abridgment Armour 1. 1 E. 2. c. 3. 6 E. 3. rot Parl. n. 3. Parl. 2. n. 2. Parl. 3. at York n. 3. 415. â— 3 E. 3. Parl. 1. n. 2. Parl. 2. n. 2. 14 E. 3. n. 2. 15 E. 3. n. 2. 17 E. 3. n. 3. 18 E. 3 n. 2. 20. E. 3. n. 1. 2 â— E. 3. n. 1. 25 E. 3. Parl. 1. n. 58. Parl. 2. n. 4. and Cook 4. Instit. p. 14. Such a Proclamation as this issued before the Parliament held at New Sarum An. 2. E. 3. as is evident by the Articles of improachmâ—nt against Roger Mortymer Earl of March in the Parliament of 4E 3. Rot. Parl. n. 1 2. and 28 E. 3. n. 9 10â— Who amongst othe Articles was impeached condemned and executed as a Traytor for comming armed to the Parliamenâ— at Salsbury against the Kings Proclamation with divers of his confederates whereby sundry of the Nobles were so terrified that they came not to the Parliament and the Bishops there asseâ—bled had the dores of the house wherein they sate in Counsel broke open upon them by armed men and were there threatned to lose both life and members if they should be so hardy to say or do any thing against his will and ordinances whereby he procured himself to be made Earl of March caused the King to give him many Lands and Tenements to the disinherison of his Crown and excited him to ride armed against the Earl of Lancaster and other Peers of the Realm to Winchester as they were comming towards the King to the said Parliament at Salisbury whereupon they were inforced to reâ—ire to their own Countries to eschue the perils that might happen which much greived them that they could not speak with their king not counsel him as they ought After which the Parliament of 5 R. 2. as appears by n. 1. was interrupted and adjourned because the Duke of Lancaster and Earl of Northumberland being at variance resorted to iâ— with multitudes of men armed in warlike manner of which great complaint was made and the Parliament deferred till the King his Counsil and other Lords had examined and reconciled the differences between them and removed their forces Fit presidents for future times to imitate after so many outrages and forcible assaults upon the Parliament and their Members by Souldiers and others of late times beyond all presedents in former ages to the totall dissolution both of our Parliaments and their privileges unlesse carefully regained reestablished by strictest Laws exemplary Punishments and severest prohibitions of all armed forces in or near unto the places where future Parliaments shall assemble who by the just judgment of God upon the former Parliament which against the Custom Freedom and Privilege of Parliaments making use of armed
d. 1. and all other summons else and not one Baron or Lord Armiger but he alone though unknighted Armiger being a petty inferior Title not suitable to his Lordship or Pâ—erage 26. That the Prince of Wales Dukes Earls and Marquesses are regularly stiled by their Christian names and Titles or Places of their Dignities and very rarely yet now and then by their Sirnames but the â—emporal Lords and Barons till the end of King Rich. the 2. his reign in the writs of summons directed to them are for the most part stiled by their Christian names and Surnames or by their Baronies supplying Surnamesâ— and sometimes both by their Surnames and Baronies That the Tiâ—le DOMINUS was not usually given to any of them except two before the reign of King Henry the 6. The first in my observation to whom this â—itle was given in any writ of summons was Iohn de Moubray who in Claus. 16 E. 3. par 2. d. 13. and so in other succeeding writs though not in all is stiled Iohn de Moubray DOMINUS Insulae de Axholm none else having this Title till afâ—er the reign of Rich. the 2. The next so stiled is in Claus. 11 H. 4. d. 32. where a writ issued Iohanni Talbot DOMINO de Furâ—vall which though omitted in some summons after is again used in the summons to him Cl. 4 H. 5. d. 16. and Cl. 8H 5. d. 2. Afteâ— which I finde none so stiled till Cl. 23 H. 6. d. 21. where Robert Hungerford Chivaler is stiled DOMINUS de Mollins as he is in Cl. 25 H. 6. d. 24. which gives the title of DOMINUS de Poynings to Hâ—nry Peircy In Cl. 27 H. 6. d. 24. this title DOMINUS is given to Hungerford Percy and 4 more in Cl. 28 H. 6. d. 26. it is added to 8. In Cl. 29 H. 6. d. 41. to 16. after which it grew more common to them and most others who were summoned as the ensuing Table will more particularly inform you But though the temporal Lords in the writs of summons issued to them were seldom stiled Lords or Barons before 23 H. 6. yet it is observable that when any of them are particularly mentioned in the Parliament Rolls Acts of Parliament Commissions or Patents they are usually stiled BARONS or LORDS as in the Proâ—â—gue of Magna Charta 9 H. 3. c. 2. 14. 37. Charta de Foresta c. 11. 20 H. 3. c. 9. 51 H. 3. 1. 10. Dictum de Kenelworth 51 H. 3. 3 E. 1. the Prologue and c. 23. 13 E. 1. c. 42. 18 E. 1. The Statute of Quo Warrauto 25 E. 1. c. 6. 34 E. 1. c. 5. The Prologues to the Sâ—atutes of E. 3. 14 E. 3. c. 5. and the Commission therupon Paâ— 18 E. 3. p. 2. m. 39. 36 E. 3. c. 6. 20 R. 2. c. 3. and other Acts. How fearfull Christians were to give this Tâ—tle of DOMINUS to the Greatest Emperors and how unwilling Augustus and the greatest Christian Emperors were to receive or make use of iâ— unless with the diminution of DOMNUS and DOMPNUS not Dominus you may read in Sir Henry Spelmans Glossary p. 225 226. it being a Title peculiar to God and Christ DEI NO MEN as Terâ—ulliâ—â—â—â—liles â—liles it whereas now it is usurped by and given to every upstart of the most ignoble extraction to bring Nobility it self and the House of Lords into contempt 27. That it is the inseparable incommunicable Prerogative and Supream Royal Jurisdiction of the Kings of England underivable to and inusurpable by any other person or persons by their special Patents Writs of Creation Charters and Solemn Invchiâ—ures to make and create Princes of Wales Dukes Earls Marquesses Vicounts Lords Barons and Peeres of the Râ—alm and to give them and their posterities a place seat voyce in the Parliament and Great Councils of England the Supreamest Judicature and highest Court of all others wherein they sit as Iudges and all others Iudges in the Courts of Westminster sit only as their Assistants not as Associates or their fellow Iudges This is evident not only by all writs of summons issued to the Lords but likewise by the express Resolution of all the Nobles and Parliaments of 50 E. 3. rot Parl. n. 41. 51 E. 3. rot Parl. n. 9. 36 E. 3. rot Parl. n. 94. 40 E. 3. rot Parl. n. 13. 9 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 14 15 16 17. 11 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 44. 13 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 21 22 23 20 R. 2. rot Par. n. 30 31 32. 21 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 33. 1 H. 4. rot Parl. n. 76 78 82. 9 H. 4. rot Parl. n. 25. 4 H. 5. rot Parl. n. 13. 3 H. 6. the case of Iohn Earl Marshal rot Parl. n. 11 12 13. 11 H. 6. rot Parl. n. 31. to 36. 33 H. 6. rot Parl. n. 42 43 50. 1 2 E. 4. rot Parl. n. 12 13 14. 14 E. 4. rot Parl. n. 24 25. 17 E. 4. rot Parl. n. 16. by all Patents presidents of creating any Princes Dukes Earls Marquesses Vicounts Lords Peers and Barons of Parliament collected by Mr. Iohn Selden in his Titles of Honor Book 2. Chap. 5 6 7. Mr. William Martyn Camâ—den Mills his Catalogue of Honor Bâ—ook his Catalogue of Nobility Augustine Vincent his Discovery of Errours therein Iames York his Union of Honour with others who have written of our English Peers Nobility and Sir Henry Spâ—lmas his Glossary Title Baro p. 81 82 83. Comes p. 177 178. Hence is it that King Henry the 1. King Iohn Henry the 3. and Edw. 1. in their Great Charters and other wriâ—ing usually stile them â—OMITES BARONES NOSTRI MEI Si quis BARONUM MEORUM vâ—l COMITVM or DE BARONIBUS MEIS or NOSTRIS and Glanvil l. 8. c. 11. l. 9. c. 1. Huntindon Historiarum l. 5. The Leiger Book of Ramsay sect 171. Pope Nâ—cholas in his Epistle to King Ed. the Confessor with our Lawbooks Historians usually stile them BARONES REGIS REGII BARONES VESTRI BARONES SVI speaking of the King Rex de IURE BARONIBUS SUIS And hence we read Ann. 3. H. 3. Fitzh Prescription 50. this Custem pleaded in Barr of a Nuper obiit Quod si aliquis BARO DOMINI REGIS tenens de Rege obâ—isset et non haberet haeredem nisi filias et primogenita filiae maritatae sunt in vitaâ— patris Dominus Reâ— daret postnatam filiam quae remaneret in haeredâ—tate Paâ—ris alicui Militum suorum cum tota haereditatâ— Patris sui de qua obiisset seseitus iâ— a quod aliae filiae nihil recâ—pâ—rent versus postnatam filiam in vâ—ta sua et omnes Reges habuerunt hanc dignitatem à Conquestu Yea this is such an incommunicable Prerogâ—â—ve incident to our Kings alone that neither the Emperour himself nor Pope could ever create an English Earl Baron or Lord of Parliament nor give him any precedency before other Lords in England
of which we have a late memorable president in m Thomas Arundel of Wardour who being created by the Charter of the Emperour Rodolph the 2. COMES SACRI IMPERII una cum universa prole atque posteritate legitima mascula et faeminea in infinitum both for his eminent service in the wars against the Turks and the Nobleness of his Family yet it was with this special saving in his Paten Serenissimae tamen Principis et Dominae Elizabethae Reginae Angliae c. IURIBUS AC SVPERIORIT ATIBUS SEMPER ILLAESIS ET SALVIS yet the Queen with the English Barons would not acknowledg him for an Earl nor Baron in England upon any terms the Queen resolving That she would by no means permit any of her sheep or subjects to wear the badge or follow the whistle of any forein Shepherd or Prince but only her own In the dâ—bate of which case it was alleged by the English Peers Soâ—ius Principis esse NON ALTEâ—RIUS CUIUSCUNQUE suis Subditis dignitates destribuere juxta illud Valeriani Imperatoris Ea sit tantum dignitas quae nobis jubentibus sustinetur Ejusmodi titulos honorarios nec à Subditis accipiendos nec à Principe admittendos Principis enim Majestati et Subditorum obsequio multum detrahi si honores ab exteris accipere permittantur tacitum enim sidei pactum inter honorantem et honoratum intercedere videri Hujusmodi titulos illecebras esse occultas ad animos subditorum à suis principibus abstrahendos c. That Reginald Mohun created Earl of Somerset by the Pope in the reign of Henry the 3. was never acknowledged to be an Earl by the King and Lords nor Robert Curson created a Baron of the sacred Empire by Maximilian the Emperor acknowledged to be a Baron in England by King Henry the 8. or his Nobles till he created him a Baron himself by his Charter without giving him a voice in Parliament as King Iames created this Thomas Arundel such a Baron by Patent ut unbratâ—lem Baronis et Comitis Sacri Imperii titulum maturè obrueret Some say the Queen committed Arundel for receiving this dignity from the Emperor but William Marâ—yn assures us that Sir Nicholas Clifford and Sir Anth Shirley whom the French King for their Service in the wars received into the Order of S. Michael were laid in prison at their coming home charged to resign their robes and see that their names were blotted out of the French Commentaries It is the general received opinion of all Lawyers Civil Canon Commonâ— Heraulds and others who have written of Nobility that none but Emperors or Kings can create Dukes Earls Marquesses Lords Barons and Peers and that only within their own Dominions A Rege enimemanâ—â— it origo Dâ—gâ—itaâ—um Temporalium A Rege et Principe prostâ—uâ—t â—t derivantur tanquam a fonte omâ— es Magistratus et Dignitates qâ—ia in eo sunt omnes dignitatum thesauri recondâ—i Ad Regem solum spect at creare Comites Barones Princeps solus magnas Dignitates confer at Non dicâ—ur vera Nobilitas vel Baro ex infâ—udationâ— nisi â— Principe as they all unanimously resolve Hence Baldus and Alciat define a Baron to be one who hath merum justumquâ— imperium in aliquo Castro Oppidione CONCESSIONE PRINCIPIS In Bâ—hâ—mia Moravia â—ilesia Lusatia and other Provinces iâ—corporated to it Summam pâ—testâ—em obtinet Rex et non solum NOBILES 〈…〉 ET BARONES CREAT quemadmodum in Silesia ad quatuor primarios BARONATUS nâ—mo admittitur nisi vel ab IMPERATORE VEL REGE BOHEMIAE BARO CREATUS â—VERIT writes Nolden and Dubravius informs as that one Honora primum inter BARONES autoritate Caesaris Henâ—ici H. the 1. adâ—um PROCERUM gradum proveb batur quae nunc BARONES a quercu in Bohemia appellantur Franciscus Capiblancus resolves BARONUM nomine Comites aliâ—sque Titularios compraehendi nos dicimus Nam istud verbum BARO est scala et caput DIGNITAIV MREGALIUM And thence he inferrs Dignitas BARONALIS cum sit Dignitas et caput dignitatum sp cificè est tribuenda A PRINCIPE cujus est eas confâ—â—re cum ab eo fluant et refluant In France such Feiffs as are at the Kings pleasure and by his license erected into Baronies are the only Territories that give the Title of a BARON and the Lord thereof is stiled A BARON per le Conge du Prince as Mr. Selden proves out of Simon Marion Pâ—oydey 9â— who addes That when A BARONY came to the King of France by escheat or otherwise the Kings giâ—t of the BARONY by Charter made the Patentee A BARON without other Rules of Creation After which he proves by the Code of King Henry the 4. that the Titles and Honours of a Duke Marquess Earls and BARONY and their prerogatâ—ve A SOLO REGE TRIâ—â—I POSSVNT And in Spain all their great Dignitie and Titles of Nobility are not only originally derived from the King but most of them upon every death are received again FROM THE KING though not by any Charter of new Creation yet by the Kings acknowledgement of them by adding the titular Name to the heir who by his own name only without the addition of his Title signifies to the King the death of his Ancestor Therefore doubtless none but our Kings and Queens alone can create Earls Lords or Baronâ— of Parliament in England there being no one presidâ—nt in Anâ—iquity nor in any Emâ—ire or Kingdom in the world that I remember to the contrary and this I conceive to be most clearly resolved in and by the Statuâ—es â—f 27 H. c. 24 31 H. 8. c. 10. 28. That one of the first Bâ—rons created by Patent whose Patent is yet exâ—ant waâ— Iâ—hn de Beauchamp Stewâ—rd of the Houshold to King Râ—chard the 2. whose Patent runs in this form Richardus c. Sciatis quod pro bonis et gratuitis servitiis quae dilectus et fidelis Mâ—les noster Iohannes de Beauchamp de HOLT Senescallus hospitii nostri nobis impendit ac loco per ipsum tempore Coronationis nostrae hucusque impensis et quem pro Nobis tenere poterit in fururum IN NOSTRIS CONSILIIS PARLIAMENTIS necnon pro Nobili et fideli genere unde dâ—scendiâ— et pro suis magnisicis sensu et circumspectione ipsum Iohannem INUNUM PARIUM Aâ— BARONVM REGNI NOSTRI ANGLIAE PRAEFECIMUS Volentes quod IDEM IOHANNES HAEREDES MASCULI DE CORPORE SUO EXEUNTES STATVM BARONIS SVSTINEANT DOMINI DE BEAUCHAMP BARONES DE KIDERMINSTER NUNCUPENTUR In cujus c. datum 10 Octobris I finde this Iohn Beauchamp only once mentioned in the List of Summons in Claus. 11 R. 2. dors 24. dated 27 die Decembris within 3. moneths of his creation where he is stiled only Iohanni Beauchamp de Kiderminster but neither Dominus de Beauchamp nor
one general Councill in 32 E. 3. d. 14. 5ly That after King Edward the 3d. his reigne there is not one president of any Archbishop Bishop Abbot Prior or religious persons summoned to any Parliament to my remembrance but only of those who held by Barony and were constantly summoned as Spiritual Peers to all our Parliaments And very few Presidents if any of a Knight Gentleman or other Layman whatsoever summoned by any general Writs to the Lords House to treat and consult together with them unlesse they were ancient Earles Lords or Barons of the Realm or newly created such by special Patents before their summons or by special clauses of creation in the Wriâ—s by which they were summoned as all the lists of summons in the Clause Rolls the precedent Table the Statutes of 5 R. 2. Stat. 2. c. 4. 31 H. 8. c 10. and Mr. Martyns Catalogue of them at the end of his History clearly manifest 6ly That in my best observation there is no president from 49 H. 3. till the last Parliament of King Charles nor in any age before where any of the ancient Nobility Peers Lords or Barons of the Realme at least any considerable number of them unlesse such who were actually outlawed or attainted of High Treason or absent in forreign parts or in actual service in the Wars or under age were omitted out of the Writs of summous or secluded from sitting in the Lords House in any Parliament by force or frand unless by Morâ—imer in the Parliament at Salisbury An. 2. E. 3. and in 21 R. 2. nor of others who were no real Lords Peers by Patent Tenure or other legal creation summoned to the Lords House out of England much lesse out of Scotland and Ireland to supplant them or supply their places under any name notion or pretext whatsoever Neither were they or any of them secluded disinherited of their seats Votes Peerage in Parliament without or before the least legal hearing trial impeachment or conviction whatsoever of any capital crime which might forâ—eit their Peerage against all the Great Charters Statutes Records Declarations Orders Ordinances Votes Protestations Oathts Covenants mentioned in my Plea for the Lords and House of Peers which ratifie and perpetuate this their Birthright to them and their Posterities and the very law of all Nations 6ly It is very observable that both Houses of Parliament in their Propositions sent to King Charles at their last Treaty with him in the Isle of Weight to prevent the creation and introduction of any New Lords into future Parliaments to the prejudice seclusion or overvoting of the Ancient Nobility or Commons house did amongst other things propound That BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT all LORDS and PEERS made by the King since Edward Lord Littleton deserted the Parliament and carried away the Great Seal the 21. of May 1642. should be unlorded unpeered set by and their Titles of Honour Patents revoked declared null and void to all intents and never hereafter put in use And that NO PEER WHICH SHOULD BE HEREAFTER MADE BY THE KING HIS HEIRES OR SUCCESSORS who have onely and solely a just legal power to create them and none else as they hereby declare SHALL SIT IN THE PARLIAMENT OF ENGLAND WITHOUT CONSENT OF BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT Which the King then fully and freely consented to without any limitation or exception whatsoever Since which Proposition of both Houses and concession by the King how any person or persons who assented to or approved thereof in any kind as reasonable or beneficial to the publick without any special Patent or creation from the King his heires or successors and without the consent of the House of Lords and ancient Peers of the Realme the only proper members of Iudges in it of the Commons House yea against both their consents and approbations can justly by any other authority Patent Writ or instrument whatsoever assume unto themselves the Titles of Lords or Barons of the Realme or of the Lords House it self to the disseasing disinheriting suppressing of the ancient undoubted Peers and House of Lords Or how any who have Voted down declared against and abolished the Lords and Lords House in sundry printed Papers as Uselesse Dangerous Inconvenient Oppressive to the People obstructive to the Proceedings in Parliament and the like and afterwards by several Votes and printed New Knacks took and subscribed themselves and prescribed to all others under severest penalties a publick Engagement To be â—rue and faithfull to the Commonwealth of England as it was then established as they thought by themselves though the event soon after proved the contrary Without a King or House of Lords can or dare become this very Selfsame Vselesse dangerous oppressive obstructive grievance c. themselves and against their own Votes Declarations Acts Subscriptions Engagements stile or assert themselves to be either real Lords or an House of Lords without the greatest Praevarication Contradiction to and Apostacy from their own former Principles or how they can ever probably expect that either the ancient Lords or Commons of England should submit unto them as such let their own judgments consciences and reasons resolve them The rather because divers of the Earles Nobles made by King Stephen were stiled yea deposed as meer Imaginary false Earles and Lords Quosdam Imaginarios et Pseudo-Comites and both their Titles and Crown lands given them by Stephen though King de facto resumed by King Henry the 2. right heir to the crown because Stephen was an Usurper Chartae Invasoris praejudicium legitimo Principi minime facere deberent as the Chronicle of Normandy the Book of the Abby of Waverly Mr. Selden out of them Gulielmus Neubrigensis and Chronicle of Bromton Col. 1046. inform us Whose President may justly deterre them from any unjust disseisin of the ancient Lords and setting themselves in their Places And thus much for my Observations on and from the Writs in this second Section SECTION 3. Of Writs of Summons to the Kings Counsil and other Ordinary Assistants to the Lords in Parliaments and Parliamentary Councils with annotations on them THe next Writs of Summons after those to the Spiritual and Temporal Lords entred in the antient Clause Rolls are those to the Kings Counsil different only in one or two Clauses from the former in which else they usually accorded These persons commonly summoned to Parliaments as the Kings Counsil by distinct writs from the Lords as ordinary Assistants both to the King and them in all causes controversies Questions of Moment were mostly the Kings Great Officers as well Clergymen as Secular persons who were no Lords nor Barons of the Realm as namely his Treasurer Chancellor of the Eschequer Judges of his Courts at Westminster Justices in Eyre Iustices assignes Barons of his Eschequer Clerks Secretaries of his Counsil and sometimes his Serjeants at Law with such other Officers and Persons whom our Kings thought meâ—â—o summon The
Parliamentum nostrum apud Lincoln mittatis Ita quod sint ibi in Octabis Sancti Hillarii prox futur ad ultimum Nobiscum cum caeteris de Consilio nostro super praemissis tractaturi suumque consilium impensuri Et hoc sicuâ— Nos honorem ac commodum Regni nostri diligitis nullatenus omittatis T. Rege ut supra Eodem modo mandatum est Cancellar et Universitati Cantebr quod mittant ad dictum Parliamentum duo vel tres de discretioribus et magis in â—ure scripto expertis c. Then follows a writ to sundry Abbots Priors Deans and Chapters with the same recital Quia super Iure Dominio c. as in the last De mittendiâ— Chronic ad Parliamentum c. of which in its due place more fully The occasion and result whereof and of sending these Lawyers from the Universities to the Parliament you may read at large in Matthew Westminster Anno 1302. p. 419. to 438. and in Thomas de Walsingham Hist. Angl. p. 32. to 58. Before I proceed to the ensuing Writs I shall here observe 1. That this recital Quia super jure Dominio quae Nohis in regno Scotiae competit c. is not mentioned at all in the Writs of Summons to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors temporal Lords Justices or Sheriffs of Counties but only to the Clergy-men of the Kings Counsil Vniversities and to those Abbots Priors Deanes and Chapters who were to search and send their Chronicles to the Parliament that had any thing in them concerning the Kings right to Scotland 2ly That for the Honour of my Quondam nursing Mother the University of Oxford she is here preferred before the Vniversity of Cambridge and her Chancellor and she enjoyned to send 4. or 5. of the discreâ—test and most exact Lawyers of the said University to the Parliament to treat with the King and the rest of his Counsil concerning his ancient right and dominion to the Realme of Scotland whereas the Chancellour and Vniversity of Cambridge are commanded to send only 2. or 3. such Lawyers of it for that purpose 3ly That these Lawyers sent from the Universities upon this special occasion were only extraordinary assistants there being no such president of any thus sent to succeeding Parliaments The 6. Writ of this kind is in Claus. 30. E. 1. d. 13. Rex dilectoâ— fidelissimo suo Rogero la Brabazun salutem Quia super quibusdam arduis negotiis Nos totum Regnum nostrum specialiter tangentibus Vobiscum Cum caeteris de Consilio Nostro habere Volumus colloquium tractatum Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod in Octabis Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptistae prox futur ad ultimum apud Westm. omnibus modis personaliter intersâ—â—is Nobiscum superâ—dictis negotâ—is tractatur vestrumque consilium impensur hoc nullatenus omittatis T. Rege ut supra p. 13. Consimiles literae diriguntur subscriptis viz. 33. more Judges and others mentioned in the former Catalogues Anno. 34. E. 1. dors 2. There is no Writ to the Assistants entred in the Roll but 16. of them only Justices and Clergy-men are named in the Eodem modo after the Lords and great men with aâ—little space between their names for distinction sake The next Writ of this kind is thus briefly registred Claus. 1. E. 2. dors 19. Rex dilecto fideli suo Rogeroâ— le Brabazun salutem Quia super quibusdam c. ut supra usquâ— ibi vobiscum cum caeteris fidelibus nostris c. Magnatibus c. Teste Rege ut supra p. 14. 15. eodem modo scribitur subscriptis viz. 29. more Justices Clerks and others In Claus. 1. E. 2. d. 9. There is no Writ but after the Earles and Barons Writ and names followes this entry Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. Willielmo Iuge and 36. others whereof 2. only were Clergy-men The next Writ is in Claus. 1. E. 2. dors 8. Rex dilecto fideli suo Rogero de Brabazon salutem Quia c. ut supra p. 15. Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod dictis die loco omnibus aliis praetermissis personaliter intersitis ibidem Nobiscum Cum caeteris de Consilio Nostro super dictis negotiis tractatur vestrumque consilium impensur hoc nullatenus omâ—ttatis T. R. apud Westm. x. Die Martii Consimiles literae diriguntur to 35. others Justices and Lay-men and but to 2. Clerks In Claus. 2. E. 2. d. 14. 11. 20 Schedula there are 4. Writs of the same forme with the last The 1. to Roger de Brabazon and 34. others whereof one only was a Clerk the 2. to him and 16. others whereof 7. were Clerks the 3d. to him and 22. others whereof 6. were Clerks and two others Escheators the one ultra Trentam the other citra Trentam The 4th to him and 6. more the one of them a Clerk The next Writ is in Claus. 4. E. 2. dors 1. somewhat different from the former Rex dilecto fideli suo Willielmo de Bereford salutem Quia super diversis arduis negotiis Nos Statum Regni nostri specialiter tangentibus in instanti Parliamento nostro die Dominica prox ante festum Sancti Laurentii prox futur fecimus summoneri Vobiscum cum caeteris de Consilio nostro Colloquium habere volumus tractatum Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis dictis die loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum cum caeteris de Consilio nostro super praemissis tractaturi Vestrumque consilium impensur Et hoc nullatenus omittatis T. ut supra â—p Eodem modo scribitur subscriptis viz. 16. Lay-men more Claus. 5. E. 2. d. 17. The Kings Counsill Clerks and Judges are thus entred in the eodem modo scribitur subscriptis after the Earles and Lords with a lines space between them and this distinction made between them in the margin of the Roll. Iohanni de Sandale Iohanni de Merkingfeld Waltero de Norwico Iohanni Abell Magistro Ricardo de Abyndon Magistro Iohan. de Everdon Magistr Roberto de Pickering Magistro Iohanni de Nassington senior Rogero Brabazon Willielmo de Bereford Gilberto de Roubury Stephano de Malo Lacu Waltero de Thorp Magistro Tho. de Cobham Magistro Golberto de Middleton Magistro Tho. de Loggore Willielmo de Goldington Iohan. de Chaynell Roberto de Cliderhow Iohan. de Foxle Roberto de Reâ—ford Willielmo de Ormesby Henrico de Stourton Henr. le Scroop Iohan. de Benstede Iohan. de Insula Lamberto de Trikingham Iohan. de Miâ—ford Henr. de Guldeford Iohan. de Doncastr Willielmo Inge Henr. Spigurnel In Claus. 6. E. 2. d. 31. There is such a Writ to Roger le Brabazon as the fore rehearsed with Vobiscum caeteris de Consilio nostro c. twice repeated in it and an eodem mâ—do mandatum est to 42
17. E. 1. made and agreed on at Nottingham By the assent of our Counsell there being By the Preface to Articuli Cleri 9. E. 2. In our Parliament holden at Lincolnâ— the 9th of our reigne We caused the Articles underwritten with certain Answers made to some of them to be rehearsed before Our Counsell and made certain Answers to be corrected and to the residue of the Articles underwritten answers were made By us and our Counsell of which Articles and Answers the tenours here ensue By the Statute of Gavelet An. 10. E. 2. It is provided by our Lord the King and His Iustices c. By the Statute De Terris Templariorum 17. E. 2. It was moved in Parliament in the presence of the Prelates Barons Nobles and Great men of the Realm and others there present Whether the Order of the Templers being dissolved the King and other Lords of the fees might retain them by the Law of the Realme and with safe conscience Whereupon the Greater part of the Kings Counsell as well the Iustices as other Lay-Persons being assembled together the said Iustices affirmed precisely That our Lord the King and other Lords of the fees aforesaid might well and lawfully by the lawes of the Realme retain the foresaid Lands as their Escheats in regard of the ceasing and dissolution of the Order aforesaid But upon other grounds of Conscience they setled them on the Hospitall of S. Iohns of Ierusalem by this Statute 1. E. 3. c. 3. But it is not the mind of the King nor of His COUNSELL that they who have sold ther Lands c. should have any benefit of this Statute The Prologue of the printed Statute of 1. E. 3. Parl 2. At the request of the Commonally by their Petition made before the King and HIS CONSELL in Parliament by assent of the Prelates Earles and Barons c. 9. E. 3. c. 1. Our Sovereign Lord the King desiring the profit of his people by the assent of his Prelates Earles Barons and other Nobles of his Realm summoned at his present Parliament and By the aâ—vice of his Counsell being there c. hath ordained and established the Statâ—â—te of Money 9. E. 3. c. 7. When and where it shall please us and OVR COVNSELL to make Exchanges 11. E. 3. c. 1. Till by the King and his COVNSELL iâ— he otherwise provided 14. E. 3. c. 5. The Chancellor Treasurer the Justices of the one Bench and of the other and other OF THE KINGS COUNSELL 14. E 3. Stat. 3. Of the Clergy Prologue Wherefore Wee their petition seen and regarded and there upon deliberation with the Peers of the Realme and other of OVR COVNSELL and of the Realm c. have granted c. And ch 5. Our Chancellour and Treasurer taking to them other of our Counsell c. 20. E. 3. Prologue By the assent of the Great men and other wise men of Our Counsell We have ordained these things following And c. 5. We have ordained to come before us at a certain day or before them whom we shall depute of Our Counsell 23. E. 3. c. 8. should be converted to a publick and common profit by advise of His Counsell And alwayes it is the intent of the King and of His Counsell that according to the first Ordinance it should be lawfull and shall be lawfull for every man c. 25. E. 3. of Labourers Prologue It was ordained by our Sovereign Lord the King and by assent of the Prelates Earles Barons and other of His Counsell 25 E. 2. Stat. 2. Of those born beyond the Seas Our Sovereign Lord the King willing that all doubts and ambiguities should be put away and the Law in this case declared and put in a certainty hath charged the said Prelates Earles Barons and other wise men of his Counsell assembled in this Parliament to deliberate upon this point which of one assent have said That the Law of the Crown of England is and alwayes hath been such c. 25. E. 3. Parl. 5. c 2. of Treasons And if percase any men of this Realme endeavour covertly or secretly against any other to slea him or to rob him or take him or retein till he hath made fine or ransome or to have his deliverance it is not the mind of the King Nor His Counsell that in such cases it shall be judged Treason but shall be judged Felony or Trespasse according to the Laws of the Land of old time used and according as the case requireth And chap. 4. It is accorded assented and stablished that from henceforth none shall be taken by petition or suggestion made to our Sovereign Lord the King or to his Counsell unlesse it be by Inditement or presentment of his good and lawfull neighbours 25. E. 3. Parl. 6. Statute of Provisors Whereas in the Parliament of Edward King of England Grandfather of the King that now is the 25. of his reigne holden at Carlile the Petition heard put before the said Grandfather and HIS COUNSELL by the Commonalty of his Realm c. 27. E. 3. c. 1. Provisors shall have day containing the space of two moneths by warning to be made to them c. to be before the King and HIS COUNSELL or in his Chancery or before the Kings Justices in his places of the one Bench or the other or before other the Kings Justices which shall be deputed to the same to answer in their proper persons to the King of the contempt done in this behalf ch 2. It is assented by the King and all his Counsell 27. E. 3. of the Staple ch 21. That the same Mayor and Constables do not ordain any thing contrary to these Ordinances nor make interpretation nor exceptions to them otherwise then the words purport but if there be any thing that is doubtfull it shall be shewed unto Our Counsell and there declared by good advise ch 23. And in case that debates arise betwixt them upon the discussing of any plea or quarrell the tâ—nour of the said Plea or quarrell shall be sent before the Chancellor and other of Our Counsell to be by them determined without delay ch 25. And now late it is done Us and our Counsell to understand by the complaint of the said Merchants ch 28. And in case any thing be to be amended added changed or withdrawn of any of the said points in time to come by a true cause we will that the same be done by deliberation and advice of the Great men and Other of our Counsell in Parliament 31. E. 3. Stat. 2. c. 3. It is accorded by our Sovereign Lord the King the Great men and all the Commons in this present Parliament that the Chancellor and Treasurer taking unto them the JUSTICES and OTHER THE KINGS COUNSEL such as to them shall seem meet shall have power to ordain remedy of the buying and selling of Stockfish of St. Botulfs and Salmon of Barwick and of Wines and Fish of Bristow and elsewhere and that the Ordinances by
Regem Edoem modo mandatum est Archiepisc. Eborum et Episcopis ac Comitibus et Magnatibus et aliis subscriptis DE CONSILIO REGIS existentibus mutatis mutandis there being only the names of 8. Bishops subscribed without any Abbots or Priors and 10 Earls 23 Lords and Barons 5. Justices and 3. others of the Kings Council but no writs at all for electing Knights Citizens or Burgesses So as this was no Summons to a Parliament but rather to a Privy Council or Consultation The 67. writ is extant in Claus. 11. E. 3. pars 1. m. 8. dorso Rex c. I. c. Archiep. Cantuar. Quia super quibusdam arduis et urgentissimis negotiis quae per solempnes Nuncios nostros quos ad partes transmarinas transmissimus Nobis jam sunt plenius intimata et quae Nos et statum regni nostri Coronaeque jura specialiter et intimis contingent vobiscum et cum aliis Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus ipsius regni nostri Westm. die Lunae prox post festum Sanctae Margaretae Virginis prox futur Colloquium habere volumus et tractatum Vobis in fide et dilectione c. mandamus quod cessante excusatione quacunque dictis die et loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum et cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus praedictis super dictis negotris tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum et tranquillitatem et salvationem regni Coronaeque nostrorum diligitis nullatenus omucatis Scientes quod propter arduitatem et magnitudinem negotiorum praedictorum absentiam vestram ad diem illum nequimus nec volumus aliqualiter excusare Teste Rege apud Staunford 21 die Iunii Per ipsum Regem Eodem modo mandatum est Episcopis Abbatibus et Prioribus subscriptis vâ—z 15 Bishops 25 Abbots 4 Priors the last of Sempyngham oft omitted before 10. Earls 38 Nobles and great men The 68. is this Notable writ in Claus. 11 E. 3. part 2. m. 40. dorso Rex c. I. Archiepisc. Cantuar. c. Cum de assensu Praelatorum Magnatum Procerum regni nostri ac aliorum de Consilio nostro ad partes transmarinas una cum nonâ—ullis Magnatibus et Proceribus et aliis Pidelibus nostris ex câ—rtis et legitimis causis infra breve Domino duce ordinavimus Nos transfretare et prae caeteris insideat Nobis cordi quod pax nostra in regno nostro in nostra absenâ—ia inviolabiliter observetur et idem regnum nostrum ab hostium incursibus tueatur Nos autem passagium nostrum praedictum ad dictas partes super custodia dicti regni nostri et conservatione pacis nostrae in codem regno dum sic absentes fuerâ—mus ct aliis arduis et urgentissimis negotiis tam Nos et Statum ejusdem regni altarumque terrarum nostrarum quam eundem transitum nostrum spcialiter contingentibus vobiscum et cum caeâ—eris Praelatis et Magnatibus ipsius regni apud Westm. die Veneris prox ante festum Sancti Michâ—elis prox futur habore volumus Colloquium et tractatum Et ideo vobis in fide et dilectione quibus nobis tenemini sirmiter injungendo mandamus quod pensatis tanta nostrorum et dictâ— regni negotiorum arduitate et periculis imminentibus absque excâ—satione qu â—cunque dictis die et loco personaliter inter sitis Nâ—biscum et cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus praedictis super dictis negotiis tractaâ—uri vestrumque consilium impensuri Et hoc sicut honorem nostrum ac salvationem et tranquillitatâ—m dicti regni nostri et Ecclesiae sanctae diligitis modis omnibus faciatis Ne quod absit per vestri absentiam expeditio negotiorum nostrorum praedictorum retardetur seu quomodolibet differetur Et praemunientes Priorem c. Teste Roge apud Westm. 18 die Augusti Per ipsum Regem Eodem modo mandatum est W. Arch. Eborum to 15. Bishops more Custod Spiritualitatis Episcopatus Cicestr sede vacante 29. Abbots and 3. Priors The 69. is the writ in the same Roll and membrana to summon a Convocation of the Clergy at Pauls Rex c. J. c. Archiepisc. Cantuar. c. Cum de assensu Praelatorum c. usque imparturi ut supra et tunc sic Et quia negotia praedicta salvationem et quictem regni nostri et Ecclesiae sanctae â—c universorum ac singulorum ipsius regni specialiter contingunt Vobis mandamus rogantes quod Episcopos Praelatos Clerum vestrae Provinciae apud Ecclesiam Sancti Pauli London in crastino S. Michaelis prox futur convocari fac Ita quod tam dicti Episcopi quam Decani et Priores Ecclesiarum Catâ—edralium Archidi aconi et Abbates exempti et non exempti quos expedire videritis personaliter et quodlibet Capitulorum praedictarum Ecclesiarum Cathedralium per unum et lerici cuâ—uslibet Dioc. per duos Procuratores sufficientem potestatem habentes apud dictam Ecclesiam Sancti Pauli in praedicto crastino Sancti Michaelis intersint ad tractandum et consulendum super praemissis una vobiscum et aliis per Nos tunc mittendis et ad consentiendum hiis quae tunc ibidem pro communi defensione et utilitate divina favente clementia contigerit ordinari Teste ut supra Per ipsum Regem Consimile Breve dirigitur W. Archiepiscopo Eborum Angliae Primati quod convocare fac Praelatos c. de Provincia sua apud Eâ—orum die Iovis prox post Octabis S. Michaelis prox futur Teste uâ— supra The 70. is this Notable writ in Claus. Anno 11 E. 3. pars 2. m 11. dorso Rex c. J. c. Archiep Cantuar. c. Quia tam super urgentissimis negotiis Nos et statum regni nostri ac aliarum terrarum nostrraum ac jura nostra et Coronae nostrae tangenâ—ibus quam etiam super expeditione quorundam altorum arduorum negotiorum quae venerabiles Patres Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae Cardinales ad Nos jam in Angliam per Domiâ—um Summum Pontificem transmissi Nobis ex parte ejusdem Summi Pontificis et dictae sedis specialiter nunciarunt PARLIAMENTUM nostrum apud Westm. in crastino Purificationis beatae Mariae virginis prox futur tenere ac ibidem vobiscum et cum caeteris Praelatis c. Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum et tranquillitatem et quietem dictorum regni et terrarum diligitis nullatenus omittatis Praemunientes Priorem c. Scientes insuper quod tam propâ—er dictorum negotiorum arduitatem quam pro co quod nonnulla alia nostri et regni nostri negotia in diversis Parliamentis nostris ante haec tempora tentis propter absentiam Praelatorum et Magnatum ejusdem regni qui eisdem Parliamentis una cum aliis ipsius
omittatis Teste Rege apud Westm. 25 die Februarii Per ipsum Regem Eodem modo mandatum est to 7. Bishops but no Abbots Priors Sherifs or Warden of the Cinqueports and so no summons to a Parliament but a Council as the Margin stiles it The 77. writ is entred in Claus. 16 Edw. 3. pars 2. m. 22. dorso with one unusual clause Rex c. J. c. Archiepisc. Cantuar. c. Quia pro defensione et salvatione regni nostri Angliae ac expeditione guerrae nostrae Franciae passagium nostrum ad partes transmarinas duximus ordinandum Nos de bono regimine dicti regni ac conservatione Pacis nostrae ac discretione provida negotiorum nostrorum ac aliorum publicam utilitatem concernen dum sic absentes fuâ—rimus merito solliciti quoddam CONSILIUM ET TRACTATUM tenendum vobiscum et cum aliis Praelatis Magnatibus et Communitatibus dicti regni nostri super hiis apud Westm. die Mercurii prox post festum S. Edwardi Confessorâ—s prox futur per Edw. Ducem Cornubiae et Comitem Cestriae filium nostrum carissimum quem Custodem dicti regni constituimus Nobis sic agentibus in remotis ordinavimus Et ideovobis c. dictis die et loco personaliter intersitis cum praefaro Custode nomine nostro et cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Communitatibus antedictis super praemissis â—ractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri Praemunientes c. et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum et salvationem et defensionem dicti regni diligitis nullatenus omittatis Scituri quod gratitudinem et ingratitudinem quas Nobis in absentia nostra jam ostendi contigerit plus ponderabimus quam si fuerant dum praesentes essemus et ea curabimus juxta merita seu demerita compensare Teste Rege apud Gastry 12. die Sept. Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Consimiliâ— Brevia diriguntur mutatis mutandis sub eadem data unto 17. Bishops 20. Abbots and 2. Priors The 79. is this notable writ recorded in Claus. 16 E. 3. parte 2. m. 13. Dorso Rex c. J. c. Archiep. Cantuar. c. Quia jam super expeditione guerrae nostrae sub spe saelicis eventus agimus in remotis et super quibusdam tam personam quam statum et bonum regimen regni nostri Angliae summe concernentibus vestrum habere vellemus auxilium et consilium providum et festiâ—um intime voâ— rogantes mandamus quod die Sabbato in crastino S. Luciae prox futur fitis personaliter apud Westm. ibidem cum Edwardâ— filio nostro carissimo Duce Cornubiae CUSTODE Angliae ac aliis de Consilio nostro super his tractaturi vestrumque consilium et auxilium prout requiret dictorum negotiorum qualitas impensuri Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum et expeditionem nostram diligitis nullatenus omittatis Teste praefato Custode apud Kenyngton 20. die Novembris Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Eodem modo mandatum est to 5. more Bishops 5. Earls 17. Lords and Great men without any Abbots Priors writs to Sherifs Assistants or Warden of the Cinque-ports It being only a Council not a Parliament The 80. writ very observable in the recital is registred in Claus. Anno 17 E. 3. parte 1. m. 25. dorso Rex c. J. c. Archiepisc. Cantuar. c. Quia ob reverenâ—am Domini Summi Pontificis et sedis Apostolicae et instantiam venerabilium Patrum Dominorum Penestrini et Tusculani Episcoporum sacrosanctae Ecclesiae Romanae Cardinales et dictorum Summi Pontificis atque Sedis Nunciorum propter haec ad Nos specialiter transmissorum quaedam Trenga sub spe pacis honorabilis inter Nos et adversariâ—s nostros Franciae jam est inita et ad tractandum de dieta Pace iuxta conditionem super hoc habitam solempnes Nuntios citra festum Nativitatis S. Johannis Baptistae habemus ad Romanam Curiam destinari propter haec et alias causas varias et arduas commodum publicum nostri et nostrorum fidelium concernentes ordinavimus Parliamentum nostrum apud Westm. die Lunae prox post Quindenam Pasch. prox futur tenere et vobiscum ac cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibuâ— et Proceribus regni nostri Angliae Colloquium habere volumus et Tractatum Vobis in fide c. mandamus quod considerata dictorum negotiorum arduitaâ—e quatenus excusatione cessante dictis die et loco personaliter inter sitis Nobiscum c. Et praemuniatis c. Teste Custode praedicto apud Byfleet 29 die Februarii Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Eodem modo mandatum est to 19. Bishops 26. Abbots and 2. Priors The 81. writ is thus recorded Claus. Anno 18 E. 3. pars 1. m. 14. dorso Rex c. I. c. Archiep. Cantuar. c. Quia pro quibuâ—dam arduis et urgentibus negotiis honorem Dei et decus et defensionem Ecclesiae Anglicanae ac necessarium et salubre Regimen populiet regni nostri Angliae summe concernentibus ordinavimus Parliamentum nostrum apud Westm. die Lunae prox post Octab. S. Trinitatis prox futur tenere ac vobiscum ibidem ac cum caeteris c. firmiter injungimus et mandamus quatenus excusatione quacunque postposita ardâ—itate negotiorum praedictorum considerata dictis die et loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum si praesentes fuerimus ibidem seu cum deputandis a Nobis si abesse Nos contigerit et cum caeteris Praelatis c. Et praemuniatis c. Teste Rege apud Westm. 30 die Aprilis Per ipsum Regem et Consâ—â—ium Eodem mâ—do mandatum est Archiepisc. Eborum I. Electo Hereford confirmato and 18 Bishops 26 Abâ—ots and 2. Priors more The 82. writ is thus entred in Claus. An. 20 E. 3. par 2. m. 22. dorso Rex c. J. c. Archiep. Cantuar. c. Quia de avisamento Consilii nostri ordinavimus quod super variis et arduis negotiis tam Nos et expeditâ—â—nem guerrae nostrae ac jura nostra et Coronae nostrae in partibus transmarinis quam Statum et defensionem regni nostri Angliae contingentibus quoddam Parliamentum nostrum apud Westm. die Lunae prox post festum Nativitatis beatae Mariae Virginis prox futur teneatur et ibidem vobiscum c. Tractatus et Colloquium habeantur Vobis in fide c. cessante quacunque eâ—â—usatione dictis die et loco personaliter Nobiscum seu cum Custode regni nostri si tunc contigerit Nos abesse ac caeteris Praelaâ—is c. consilium impensuri Et hoc â—cut honorem nostrum et salvationem regni terrarum et jurium nostrorum ac Ecclefiae â—anctae expeditionemque dictorum negotiorum nostrorum diligitis nullatenus omittatis Ne quod absiâ— per
Rex c. S. c. Archiepiscopo Cantuar. c. Quia pro quibusdam arduis et urgentibus negotiis Nos et statum regni nostri Angliae et necessariam desensionem ejusdem regni et ECCLELIAE ANGLICANAE contingentibus ordinavimus Parliamâ—ntum nostrum apud Westm. die Lunae prox post Sepâ—imanam Paschae prox futur tenere et vobiscum c. Et hoc sicuâ— Nos et hoâ—orem nostrum ac commune commodum et salvationem â—t defensionem regni ac ECCLESIAE praedictorum diligitis nullatenus omittatis Praemunientes c. Et quia propter arduitatem praedictorum negotiorum et celeriorem expeditionem eorundem volumus primo die Parliamenti personaliter interesse Nolumuâ— nec intendimus vos aut aliquem alium ad dictum Parliamentum summonitum quin eodem primo die personaliter intersitis habere ullo modo excusatoâ— nec excusationem a vobis admittere aliqualem Teste Rege apud Westm. 15 die Februarii Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Consimilia brevia diriguntur subscriptis mutatis mutandis sub eadem data viz. I. Arch. Eborum 18 Bishops 24 Abbots and 1. Prior. After which follows this 97. memorable writ in the same Roll and dorso to summon a Convocation of the Clergy Rex c. S. c. Cantuar. c. verbatim a before to vestrumque consilium impensuri Then follows this clause Et quia praedicta negotia perquam ardua sine maxima deliberatione tam Praelatorum et Cleri quam Magnatum et Communitatis ejusdem regni nullo modo expediri poterunt ad quorum expeditionem Auxilium et Consilium tam a vobis et Clero quam a dictis Magnatibus et Communitate habere necessario Nos oportet Vobis rogamus mandantes quatenus omnes Episcopos et Abbates necnon Decanos et Priores tam Ecclesiarum Cathedralium quam Collegiatarum exemptos et non exemptos Archidiaconos et totum Clerum vestrae Provinciae apud Ecclesiam S. Pauli Lond. in crastino S. Georgii prox sequent Convocari faciatis Ita quod dicti Episcopâ— c. as before writ 95. apud dictam Ecclesiam S. Pauli in crastino S. Georgii cum continuatione et prorogatione dierum tunc sequentium quatenus dicta negoâ—ia id requirunâ— intersint ad tractand et consulend super praemis is una Nobiscum et aliis per Nos illuc mittendis Et hoc sicut nos et honorem nostrum ac salvaâ—ionem et defensionem dicti regni nostri ac ECCLESIAE ANGLICANAE diligitis nullatenus omittaâ—is Teste Rege apud Westm. 22 die Februarii Per i sum Regem The 98. writ is thus enrolled Claus. Annâ— 31. Ed. 3. m. 2. dorso Rex c. S. c. Archieâ— Cantuar. c. Quia pro quibâ—sdam arduis et urgentibus negotâ—is Nos et Statum regni nostri Angliae et necessariam defensionem ejusdem Regni et ECCLESIAE ANGLICANAE concernentibus ordinavimus Parliamentum nostrum apud Westm. die Lunae prox post festum Purificationis beatae Mariae virginis prox futur tenere Et vobiscâ—m c. Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum ac commune commodum et salvationem et defensionem REGNI ET ECCLESIAE praedictae diligitis nullatenus omitâ—atis Praemunieâ—tes c. Et quia propter arduitatem negotiorum praedictorum ac celeriorem expeditionem eorundeÌ„ volumus primo die Parliamenti interesse nolumus nec intendimus vos aut aliquem alium ad dictum Parliamentum summonitum quin eodem primo die personaliter intersitis habere ullo modo excusaâ—os nec excusationem à vobis admittere aliqualem Teste Rege apud Westm. 15 die Septembris Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Consimilia Brevia diriguntur subscriptis mutatis mutandis sub eadem data viz. I. Arch. Eborum c. 18 Bishops 24 Abbots and 1. Prior. The 99. writ you may find in Claus. Anno 32 E. 3. m. 14. dorso Rex c. S. c. Archiep. Cant. c. Quia pro quibusdam arduis et urgentibus negotiâ—s Nos et Statum Regni nostri Angliae et jura Coronae nostrae Angliae summe concernentibus vobiscum et cum caeteris Praelatis c. die Dominica prox post festum S. Margaretae virginis prox futur apud Westm. Colloquium habere volumus et tractatum Vobis mandamus in fide c. Et hoc sicut Nos et honoreâ— nostrum ac salvaâ—ionem dicti regni nostri Angliae ac juriuÌ„ Coronae ejusdem regni diligitis nullo modo omittatis Teste Rege apud Westm. 20 die Iunii Per ipsum Regem et Conâ—silium Consimilia Brevia diriguntur subscriptis sub eadem data viz. to 6 Bishops 6 Abbots 2. Priors and Decano wellensi and none else of the Clergy nor any writs to Assistants Sheriâ—s or the Warden of the Cinqueports for electing Knights Citizens Burgesses or Barons of the Cinqueports Therefore only a Council not a Parliament as was this next ensuing summoned by this 100 writ Claus. Anno 33 E. 3. m. 10. dorso Rex c. S. c. Archiepiscopo Caâ—t c. Cum pro expeditione guerrae nostrae Franciae ac saâ—vatione et deâ—ensione regni nostri Angliae sumus ad partes transmarinas in prox Deo duce personaliter profecturi et Thomamâ—ilium â—ilium nostrum carissimum Custodem dicti regni nostri Angliae et locum nostri tenentem in eodem regno dum Nos sic absentari contigerit vel alias nostrae placuerit voluntati constiâ—uimus ac intimum inâ—ideat cordi nostro quod Pax noster in eodem regno inviolabiliter conserveâ—ur et idem regnum ab hostium incursibus defendatur per quod ordinavimus quod super praemissis et alâ—is arduis negotiis Nos et statum dicti regni nostri concernentibus quoddam Consilium Praelatorum et aliorum Magnatum et Procerum ejuâ—dem regni apud Westm. die Dominica prox ante festum S. Martini in prox futur teneatur Vobis in fide c. vestrumque conâ—ilium impensuri Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum ac salvationem et defensionem dicti regni nostri ac tranquillitaâ—em pacis ejusdem diligitis nullo modo omittatis Teste Rege apud Sandwicum 10 die Octobris Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Consimilia Brevia diriguntur to 6. Bishops 2. Priors and 4. Abbots more 6. Earls and 19 Lords or great men without any writs to Assistants Sherifs or Warden of the Cinque Ports The 101. is this writ in Claus. Anno 34 E. 3. m. 35. dorso Rex c. S. c. Archiepisc. Cantuar. c. Quia pro quibusdam arduis et urgentibus negotiis Nos ac salvationem et desensionem regni nostri Angliae summe coutingentibus Parliamentum nostrum apud Westm. die Veneris in crasâ—ino Ascentionis Domini prox futur tenere volumus et ibideâ— vobiscum c. Mandamus
to the Earl of Flanders though not particularly expressed in the precedent writs Rex Comiti Flandriae salutem Quiae Magnates nostri NOBIS ALIQUANDIU REBELLES EXTITERINI propter quod nisi citius resipiscant aliud consilium Nos opponere oportebit dilectionem vestram requirimus et rogamus quatinus taliter vobis providere velitis quod ad Nos centum Milites et tot servientes ad arma bene munitos Nobis miâ—tere possitis Taliter vos habentes in hac parte quod specialiter vobis teneamur ad gratias Teste Rege apud Windesor 22 die Augusti In 47 H. 3. there issued these ensuing writs to sundry Noblemen and others to aid the King against the Welshmen then in rebellion against him to suppress their Rebellion and reduce them to obedience Rex Rogeto de Bigot Comiti Norâ—â— Mariscallo Angliae salutem Mandamus vobis sub debito fidelitatis et homagii quibus Nobis teneminiâ— et sicut ea quae de nâ—bis tâ—nâ—tis diligitis quod in festo beati Petri ad Vincula prox futur sitis apud Wigorn. CUM EQVIS ARMIS et cum servitio vestro Nobis debito parati exinde Nobiscum proficisci in expeditionem nostram contra Lewellinum filium Griffini et complices suos REBELLES NOSTROS et ita decenter in hac necessitate nostra ibidem vâ—niatis ut dictorum NOSTRORUM REBELLIVM versutia adeò potenter reprimatur quod Nobis et Vobis cedat ad honorem et exinde vobis ad grates teneamur speciales Teste Rege apud Westm. 25. die Maii. Eodem modo mandaium est to 133. Nobles and others whose names are there recorded The like writs of Summons against the Scots Welsh French and other Enemies and Rebels frequently occurre in the Clause Rolls of King Iohn Henry 3. and Edward 1 2 3. Rich. 2. and other Kings which have no Analogy with writs of Summons to Parliaments or Great Councils wherewith some Ignorant Antiquaries would conjoyn them as Homogeneal which I thought â—it to premise to avoid all mistakes of this kinde It is evident by this Clause in the writs iâ—â—ued to the Bishops Claus. An. 6. Iohannis Regis m. 3. dorso â—orecited p. 2 3. vestrum expedit habere consilium et ALIORUM MAGNATUM terrae nostrae QUOS AD DIEM ILLVM ET LOCUM FECIMVS CONVOCARI that King Iohn issued forth writs of Summons to the Temporal as well as Spiritual Lords to summon them to the Parliamentary Council then held at London though neither the form of the writs by which they were then summoned nor any list of their names be entred in that or any other Roll now extant And by this Clause in the writ of Summons to the Archbishop of York Claus. 26 H. 3. m. 13. dorso ad tractandum Nobiscum una cum CAETERIS MAGNATIBUS NOSTRIS QUOS SIMILITER FECIMUS CONVOCARI it is most apparent that the Temporal Lords and great men were likewise called to the Parliamentary Great Council then assembled at London by writ though there be no entry of those writs nor catalogue of their names in that or any other Rolls to be found but only the single writ to one Archbishop All the antientest writs of Summons of our Temporal Lords to Great Councils being utterly lost through negligence or perished through the rust or consumption of time the very first writ of Summons to them and Kalendar of their names now remaining is that of 49 H. 3. dors 11. Cedula already recited at large p. 5 6. one and the self-same form of writ verbatim being then directed both to the Temporal and Spiritual Lords though they usually differed in after times in some special clauses After the Eodem modo mandatum est and Catalogue of the Bishops â—bbots Priors Deans and Ecclesiastical persons names then summoned to that Parliamentary Council by the self-same writs there followed this list of the Temporal Lords and Barons Item in forma praedicta mandatum est COMITIBUS et aliis subscriptis dat de Wodestok Comiti Leicestr Comiti Gloucestr Com. Norff Mariscallo Angliae Comiti Oxon. Comiti Dâ—rby Radulpho Cameys Rogero de Sancto Iohanne Hugoni le Despencer Justic. Angliae Iohanni Filio Iohannis Willo de Munchensey Nicho. de Segrave Iohi de Vescy Rado Basset de Drayton Henr. de Hasting Galfrido de Lucy Roberto de Ros. Iohanni de Eyvil Ade de Novo-Mercato Waltero de Colevyll Willielmo Maryun Rogero Bertram Rado Basset de Sapcote Gilberto de Gaunt This Parliamentary Council was summoned soon after the great bloudy battel at Evesham wherein the Barons who opposed K. Henry were totally routed Simon de Montford their General and many others of of them slain in the field and the rest scattered to settle the peace and tranquillity of the Realm as the writ informs us the most of the Barons and Great men upon on this occasion being omitted out of the Summons though many more Abbots Priors and Clergymen were summoned to it than to any other succeeding Parliament whatsoever to supply the places of the Barons then in actual rebellion and give the greater reputation to this Assembly as I apprehâ—nd The 2. writ of summons to the Earls and Temporal Lords is this of Claus. 23 E. 1. m. 9. dorso which I shall transcribe at large though entred with an c. in the Roll with reference to the Bishops writs ut supra Rex dilecto et fideli suo Edmundo fratri suo Com. Lanc. salutem Quia super quibusdam arduis negotiis Nos et Regnum nostrum ac Vos caeterosque Procetes et Magnates de eodem regno quae sine vestra et â—orum praesentia nolumus expediri Parliamentum nostrum tenere et vobiscum super hiis colloquium habere volumus et tractatum Vobis mandamus in fide et homagio quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod sitis ad Nos apud Westm. primo die mensis Augusti prox futuro vel saltem infra tercium diem subsequentem ad ultimum nobiscum super dictis negotiis tractaturi et vestrum consilium impensuri Et hoc nullo modo omittatis Teste me ipso apud Album Monasterium 24 die Iulii Per Breve de Privato Sigillo Eodem modo mandatum est singillatim per Brevia Clausa Comitibus Baronibus subscriptis viz. 12 Earls and 53 Barons and Great men of the Temporalty whose names because tedious to repeat after every writ I shall present you with in a short Table in the Observations for brevity sake The 3. writ is that recorded in Clause Anno 23 E. 1. m. 3. dorso Rex dilecto Consanguineo et fideli suo Edmundo Comiti Cornub. salutem Quia super remediis contra pericula quae toto Regno nostro hiis diebus imminent providendis Vobiscum et cum caeteris Regni nostri Proceribus habere volumus Colloquium et Tractatum Vobis mandamus in fide et dilectione
colloquium habere volumus et tractaâ—um Vobis mandamus in fide et homagio quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter inâ—ungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis ad dictos diem et locum in Parliamento praedicto personaliter intersâ—â—is Nobiscum ac cum Praelatis Magnaâ—ibus et Proceribus praedictis super dictis negotiis tracâ—arâ—â—i vestrumque consilium impensuri Et hoc nullo modo omittatis T. Rege apud Winton 6 die Maii. Per ipsum Regem Eodem modo mandatâ—m est subscriptis viz. 4 Comitiâ—us 39 others after which followes a brief recital of the writ to the Archbishops Bishops c. The 46. is in Claus. 19 E. 2. m. 27. dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Thomae Comiti Norff. et Marescallo Angl. fratri suo catissimo salutem Qâ—ia super c. T. ut supra p. 25. Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. 3 Comitibus and 39 Great men more The 47. is Claus. 20 E. 2. dorso 4. Rex c. Th. Com Norff. et Marescallo Angl. c. Licet nuper c. Eodem modo mandatum est Magnatibus subscriptis viz. 6 Comitibus and 46 others The 48 is the writ iâ— Claus. 1 E. 3. parte 2. m. 16. dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Thomae Comiti Norff Marescallo Angl. salutem Qualiter Scoti c. as p. 25. Vobis mandamus in â—ide et homagio c. dictis die et loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum si interesse possumus seu interveniente impedimento deputandis a Noâ—is super deâ—ensione ac custodia ac aliis negotiis supradiâ—â—is tractatur vesirumque consâ—â—ium impensur Et hoc nullatenus omittatis T. ut supra p. 26. Eodem modo mandatum est Edmundo Comiti Kanâ— Avunculo Regis and 5. Comitibus besides 47 other Lords and Great men The 49 is Claus. 1 E 3. pars 2. m. 3. dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Thomae Com. Norff. c. Cum super reformatione pacis c. as p. 26 27. Vobis mandamus in fide et homagio c. T. ut supra Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. 4 Comitibus and 49 more The 50. is in Claus. 2 E. 3. m. 31 dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Thomae Com. Norff. et Marescallo Angliae Avunculo suo carissimo falutem Cum Parliamentum nostrum nuper apud Eborum c. as p. 27. Vobis mandamus in fide et homagio c. quod omni excusatione postposita dictis die et loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum et cum Praelatis Magnatibus c. Scientes pro certo quod aliquem Procuratorem pro Vobis seu pro aliquo Praelato vel Magnati ad praesens propter arduitatem negotiorum praedictorum admiâ—tere non intendimus quoquo modo Et quia ante haec tempora negotia in hujusmodi Parliamentis tractanda impedita fuerunt eo quod nonnulli Magnates cum multitudine tumulcuosa hominum armatorum ad Parliamenta illa accesserunt et populus partium ubi Parliamenta illa tenta fuerunt dampnificatus existit et graâ—atus per quod per Nos et Consilium nostrum concordatum existit quod omnes et singuli de regno nostro cujuscunque status seu conditionis fuerint qui ad dictum Parliamenâ—uÌ„ venire voluerint modo debiâ—o et absque aliqua multitudine sub â—orisfactura omnium quae Nobis forisâ—acere poterint accedant Ita quod per ipsorum adventum indebitum negotia nostra non retardentur seu patria in aliqua parte oneretur indâ—bite quovis modo Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes sub forisfactura praedicta quod ad Parliamentum praedictum cum decenti comitiva de hominibus bonae discretionis et consilii ET NON CUM HOMINIBUS AD ARMA ACCEDATIS in forma praedicta Et hoc nullatenus omittatis T. ut supra p. 28. Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. 6 Comitibus and 49 other Lords and Great men In the Clause Rolls following throughout the reign of King Edward the 3. the writs directed to the Temporal Lords are the same mutatis mutandis with those issued to the Archbishops and Bishops forecited Sect. 1. wherefore I shall present you with this Breviate of them entred after the writs to the Bishops The 1. writ til the later end of 11 E. 3. is thus directed Claus. 2 E. 3. dors 23. Rex c. dilecto et fideli suo Thomae Comiti Norff et Marescallo Angliae c. Vobis mandamus in fide et homagio c. Eodem modo mandatum est to 6 Earls more and 50 others Claus. 2 E. 2. m. 15. dors to 6 Earls more and 48 others Claus. 3 E. 3. m. 19. dorso 8 Earls more and 59 others Barons Lords Judges and Assistants mixed together whereof the Dean of Lincoln the Archdeacons of Richmond and Northampton are three Claus. 4 E. 3. m. 41. dorso 10 Earls more and 50 others Claus. 4 E. 3. dors 32. 8 Earls more and 53. others whereof 5. are Judges and Assistants Claus. 4 E. 3. m. 23. 8 Earls more and 45 others Claus. 4 E. 3. m. 13. dors 8 Earls more and 47 others Claus. 5 E. 3. dors 25. 9 Earls more and 48 others Claus. 5 E. 3. m. 7. dorso 9 Earls more and 47 others Cl. 5 E. 3. pars 2. dors 7. 9 Earls more and 46 others whereof some were Judges Cl. 6 E. 3. m. 36. d. 11 Earls more and 66 others Cl. 6 E. 3. m. 19. dors 10 Earls more and 66 others Cl. 6 E. 3. m. 9. dors 10 Earls more and 65 others Cl. 7 E. 3. pars 2. dors 3. 12 Earls more and 62 others Cl. 8 E. 3. m. 18. dors 11 Earls more and 60 others Cl. 9 E. 3. dors 28. 10 Earls more and 60 others Cl. 9 E. 3. dors 8. 10 Earls more and 61 otherâ— Cl. 10 E. 3. dors 5. 9 Earls more and 47 others Cl. 11 E. 3. pars 1. dors 15. 8 Earls more and 23 others And dors 8. 10 Earls more and 39 others where the writ Iohanni de Sutton de Holdernesse vac quia non fuit summonitus The first writs after those to the Archbishops and Bishops in these ensuing Rolls issued Dilecto â—t fideli suo Henr. Comiti Lanc. c. being the same mutatis mutandis with those to the Bishops forecited Claus. 11 E. 3. pars 2. dors 4. Eodem modo c. to 12 Earls more and 33 others And dors 11. 8 Earls more and 37 others Claus. 12 E. 3. pars 2. dors 32. 11 Earls more a vacat being entred against Humfrido de Bohunâ— Comiti Hereford and 45 others Cl. 13 E. 3. pars 2. dors 28. 9 Earls more and 44 others Claus. 13 E. 3. pars 2. dors 1. 10 Earls more and 45 others Claus. 14 E. 3. pars 1. dors 33. 12 Earls more and 44 others Dors. 23. 7 Earls more and 44 others Cl. 15 E. 3
Earls 34 Lords and Great men Cl. 12 R. 2. d. 42. to him Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 9 Earls 42 Lords and Great men Cl. 13 R. 2. d. 5. the first writ entred is Iohanni Duce Lancastr Cons. Lit. to a Dukes 9 Earls 46 Lords and Grandees Claus. 14 R. 2. d. 42. the first writ is to the same Duke Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 10 Earls 4â— Lords and Great men Cl. 15 R. 2. d. 37. the first writ entred is Iohanni Duci Aquitaniae et Lancastriae c. Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 10 Earls 41 Lords and Grandees Cl. 16 R. 2. d. 23. the writ is to him Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 10 Earls 42 Lords and Great men Cl. 17 R. 2. d. 30. to him Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 11 Earls 40 Lords and Grandees Cl. 18 R. 2 d. 23. the first writ entred is Hen. Com. Darbiâ— Cons. Lit. to 6 Earls 29 Lords and Great men Cl. 20 R. 2. pars 1. dors 15. the first writ issued Carissimo Avunculo suo Iohanni Duci Aquitaniae Lancastriae Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 11 Earls 38 Lords and Great men Cl. 21 R. 2. parte 1. d. 27. the writ entred is to him Conâ—im Lit. to 3 Dukes 1 Marquess 6 Earls 33 Lords and Great men Cl. 23 R. 2. dors 3. the writ entred issued Henrico Duci Lancast. c. Cons. Lit. to 4 Dukes one Marquess 10 Earls 34 Lords and Great men The writs of Summons to the Temporal Lords all the reign of Henry the 4th are entred next after those to the Spiritual Lords having the same recitals and dates with them forecited in the 1. Section Of which take this ensuing short account Cl. â— H. 4. dorso 37. the writ entred issued Henrico Duci Lancastriae Cons. Lit. to 4 Dukes 1 Marquess 10 Earls 34 Lords and Nobles Cl. 1 H. 4. d. Claus. 2 H. 4. parte 1. d. 3. the first writ entred is Carissimo filio suo Henricâ— Principi Walliae et Duci Cornubiae c. 1 Duke 10 Earls 35 Lords and Great men Cl. 3 H. 4 d. 17. the like writ to the Prince of Wales 1 Duke 8 Earls 32 Lords and Grandees Cl. 5 H. 4. part 1. d. 28. parte 2. d. 4. the first writ issued to the same Prâ—nce Cons. Lit. to 1. Duke 7 Earls 3â— Lords and Great men Cl. 7 H. 4. d. 30. tâ— the Prince 1 Duke 7 Earls 33 Lords Barons and Great men Cl. 8 H. 4. d. 2. the like writ to the Prince 1 Duke 8 Earls 33 Lords and Grandees Cl. 9. 11 H. 4. d. 32. the writ entred issued to the Prince of Wales Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 8 Eaâ—ls 32 Lords and Great men Cl. 13. H. 4. d. 2. the writ is to the Prince of Walâ—s 1 Duke 6 Earls 32 Lords and Great Persons Cl. 14 H. 4. dors 22. the writ issued to Henry Prince of Wales 5 Earls 35 Lords and Great men The writs of Summâ—ns under King Henry the 5th to the Temporal Lords have the self-â—ame recitals Prologues dates with those to the Archbishops and other Prelates forecited Section 1. The first writ entred Cl. 1 H. 5. dorse 9. issued Carissimo fratri Regis Thomae Duci Clarentiae Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 9 Earls 29 Lords and Grandees Cl. 1 H. 5. d. 37. the writ entred issued Edwardâ— Courteney Com. Devon 6 Earls 32 Lords and Nobles Cl. 2 H. 5. d. 16. the writ recorded at large is directed Thomae Duci Clarentiae Com. Albemarliae Cons. Lit. to 3 Dukes 11 Earls 28 Lords and Great men Cl. 3 H 5. d. 15. the first writ entred issued Radulpho Com. Westmerland 1 Earl 17 Lords and Great men Cl. 4 H. 5. d. 16. the writ recorded is directed Carissimo fratri suo Thomae Duci Clarentiae c. Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 10 Earls 24 Lords and Great men Cl. 5 H. 5. d. 11. the writ registred is directed Carissimo Avunculo suo Thomae Duci Exon. Cons. Lit. to 3. Earls 14 Lords and Great men 7 H. 5. d. 9. the writ recorded is Carissimo Avunoulo suo Henrico Percy Com. Northumb. Cons. Lit. to 2 Earls 13 Lords and Great men Cl. 8. H. 5. d. 2. the writ entred issued Carissimo fratri suo Johanni Duci Bedford c. Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 6 Earls 20 Lords and Great men Cl. 9 H. 5. d. 13. the writ registred issued Carissimo Consanguineâ— suo Henrico de Percy Com. Northumb 2 Earls and but 13 Lords and Great men All the writs to the temporal Lords during the reign of Henry the 6. are the same in the Prefaces and dates with those to the Bishops and Spiritual Lords and entred after them being thus directed Cl. 1 H. 6. dors 22. Carissimo Avunoulo suo Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae Cons. lit to 1 Duke 5 Earls 16 Lords and Great men Cl. 2 H. 6. d. 18. Humfrido Duci Gloucestr 1 1 Duke 5 Earls 15 Lords and Grandees Cl. 3 H 6. d. 9. Carissimo Avunculâ— suo Thomae Duci Exon. 1 Duke 6 Earls 22 Lordâ— and Grandees Cl. 4 H. 6. d. 15. Carissimo Avunculo suo Johaâ—ni Duci Bedfordiae to 3 Dukes more 2 Elarls 23 Lords and Great men Cl. 5 H. 6. d. 4. Carissimo Aâ—â—nculo suâ— Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 1 Duke more 4 Earls 22 Lords and Great men Cl. 7 H. 6. d. 2 Humfrido Duci Gloucestr 1 Duke besides 7 Earls 26 Lords and Grandees Cl. 9 H. 6. 18. Humfrido Duci Gloucestr 5 Earls 21 Lords and Great men Cl. 10 H. 6. d. 10. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 1 Duke 6 Earls 25 Lords aâ—d Grandees Cl 11 H. 6. d. 10. Johanni Duci Bedfordiae 2 Dukes more 6 Earls 26 Lords and Great men Cl. 13 H. 6. d. 2. Caris Avunculo suo Johanni Duci Bedfordiae 2 other Dukes 8 Earls 26 Lords and Great men Cl. 15 H. 6. d. 18. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 1 Duke more 7 Earls 27 Lords and Great men Cl. 18 H. 6. d. 33. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 2 other Dukes 6 Earls 26 Lords and Great men Cl. 20 H. 6. d. 27. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 2 Dukes more 11 Earls 28 Lords and Great men Cl. 23 H. 6. d. 2 Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 4 Dukes besides 2 Marquesses 7 Earles 1 Vicount 30 Lords and Noblemen Cl. 25 H. 6. d. 24. 26. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 4 other Dukes 2 Marquesses 7 Earls â— Vicount 32 Lords and Great men Cl. 27 H. 6. d. 24. Ricardo Duci Ebor. 3 other Dukes 6 Earls 1 Vicount 39 Lords and Great men Cl. 28 H. 6. d. 26. Willielmo Duci Suffolciae 3 Dukes more 7 Earles 1 Vicount 35 Lords and Great men Cl. 29 H. 6. dors 41. Ricardo Duci Eborum 4 Dukes more 9 Earls 1 Vicount 40 Lords and Great men Cl. 31 H. 6. d. 36. Edwardo Duci Eborum 4 Dukes besides 12 Earls 3 Vicounts 36 Lords and Great men Cl. 33 H. 6. d. 36. Ricardo Duci Eborum 3 Dukes more 11 Earls 2 Vicounts
35 Lordâ— and Great men Cl. 38 H. 6. d. 30. Henrico Duci Exoniae 2 other Dukes 9 Earls 2 Vicounts 35 Lords and Great men Cl. 49 H. 6. d. 6. Carissimo consanguineo suo Georgio Duci Clarenâ—iae 3 Dukes more 7 Earls 1 Marquess 23 Lords and Great men The writs of Summons to Parliament issued by King Edward the 4th to the Temporal Lords agree in Prologues forms and dates except in the Praemunientes c. â— with those to the Archbishops and Spiriâ—ual Lords in the 1. Section and are thus directed Cl. 1 E. 4. d. 35. Johanni Duci Norfolciae 4 Earl 1 Vicount 31 Lords and Great men Cl. 2 E. 4. d. 3. Dilâ—cto fideli suo Ricardo Comiâ—i Wâ—rwici 4 Earâ— 37 Lords and Great men C. 6. E. 4. d. 1. Carâ—ssimo Fratri suo Geoâ—gio Duci Clarenâ—iae 2 Dukes more 10 Earls 1 Marquess 36 Lords and Great men Cl. 9 E. 4. d. 3. Carissimo fratri suo Georgio Duci Clarentiae 9 other Dukes 8 Earls 23 Lords and Great men Cl. 11 E. 4. d. 41 Carâ—ssimo fratri suo Georgio Duci Clarentiae 3 Dukes more 8 Earls 25 Lords and Great men Cl. 22 23 E. 4. d. 10. Primogenitoâ—dwardo â—dwardo Principi Walliae 4 Dâ—kes more 1 Marqueâ—e 7 Earls 32 Lords Having presented you with this Breviate of all the generall writs of Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils issued to the Temporal Lords from 49 H. 3. to 23 E. 4. I shall now give you a view of some extraordinary special writs to some Temporal Lords and others reducible to and proper for this Section I shall begin within this Memorable writ to Roger de Mortymer Claus 9 E 2 m. 20 dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Rogero de Mortuo-Mare de Wygmore salutem Cum vos tempore quo Parliamentum nostrum usque Lincoln in Quindâ—na Sancti Hillarie proxâ— futur summoneri fecimus in partibus Hiberniae fuissetis per quod Nos vobis non 〈◊〉 simus ad interessendum dicto Parliamento ac vos a dictis parâ—ibus Hiberniae usque regnum nostrum jam ut accepimus accessistis ideo vobis mandamus in fide et homagio quibus nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod si ad dictas partes Hibeâ—niae citra dictum Parliamentum non essetis regressuri tunc eidem Parliamento nostro dictis die et loco modis omnibus personaliter intersitiâ— super negotiis Nos et statum Regni nostri rangâ—ntibus pro quibus Parliamentum nostrum mandavimus convoâ—ari Nobiscum et cum Magnatibus et Proceribus regni nostri tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri Et hoc nullo modo omittatis T. Rege apud Clipston 17 die Januarii This Roger de Mortymer a Baron of this Realm as is evident by former Summons to him being absent in Ireland when the writs of Summons to this Parliament first issued was thereupon left out of the original writs and Lists of Summons but the King being informed that he was returned into England thereupon sent this special writ of Summons to him bearing date the 17 of Ianuary full 3. moneths after the first writs of Summons dated the 16 of October before entred in another dorse apart from the other writs His absence in Ireland yea and return thither about the publike affairs after this writ issued before this Parliament sat in the Kings and his Counsils opinions being a sufficient ground to excuse his absence from Parliament and to send no writ of Summons to him into Ireland And if English Peers absence or residence in Ireland be a just legal ground to exempt them from summons to a Parliament held in England much more then must Irish Peers and Lords who are no Lords or Barons at all in England be totally exempted from all writs of Summons to the Parliaments of England both in respect of their remoteness from England of the great charge and danger in crossing the Seas to repair to them and because they are obliged neither by their tenures nor Patents to resort to any English Parliaments but only to the Parliaments held in Ireland where only they are Peers and Lords of Parliament and because they cannot attend in two places at once if a Parliament should be summoned in England and Ireland on or near the self-same time Of which more hereafter in its proper place The next writ of this kinde I shall communicate to you is this I meet with Claus. Ann. 35 E. 3. m. 36. dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Humfrido dâ— Bohun Comiti Northampton salutem Qâ—ia terra nostra Hiberniae per molestationes a diu Hibernicorum inimicorum nostrorum et incursus propter impotentiam fideliuÌ„ nostroruÌ„ habitantium in eodem regno et pro eo quod Magnates et alii de regno nostro Angliae terras in ea habentes commodum dictarum terrarum suarum ab eadem terra capiunt et defensionem aliquam non faciunt jam tantae vasticatis et destructionis miseriae subjicicur quod nisi Deus avertaâ— et celerius succurratur eidem ad totalem perditionem in prox deducetur per quod pro salvatione ejusdem ordinavimus quod Leonellus Comes Vlton filius noster carissimus cum ingenti exercitu ad terram praedictam cum omni festinatione transmittaâ—ur et quod omnes Magnates et alii de dicto regno nostro terras in dicta terra Hiborniae habentes quâ—nto potentius poterunt in Comitiva dicti filii nostri proficiscentur vel si debiles in corpore existant 〈◊〉 alios sufficientes ibidem mittant pro repulsion â—â—â—â—â—orum inimicorum et salvatione et defensione terrarum suarum et succursu terrae supradictae Et pro dicto negotio accelerando volumus vobiscum et cum aliis de eodem regno terras in dicta terra habentibus Colloquium habere et tractatum Vobis in fide et ligeantia quibus Nobis renemini firmiter injungentes mandamus quod omnibus aliis intermissis sitis personaliter apud Westâ— in Quindena Pasch. prox futur adloquendum Nobiscum et Consilio nostro super dictis Negotiis eâ— illud concernentibus et ad faciend et consentiend super hoc quod ibidem contigerit ordinari Et interim vos et homines vestros quanto potencius et decentius poteritis ad arma paretis Ita quod in vestri defectum progressus dicti filii nostri et exercitus sui non retardetur nec dicta terra amissionis periculo non subjaceat 〈◊〉 causa Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum ac salvationem et desensionem terrae praedictae diligitis nuâ—â—aâ—enus omitâ—atis Et habeaâ— is ibi hoc breve Teste Rege apâ—d Wesâ—m 15 die Martii Per ipsum Râ—gem et Coâ—siliâ—m Consimilia Brevia dirigâ—â—â—â— subscriptis de effeâ—do coram Rege et Consilio suo ad dies subscriptos viz Rado Com. Staff Thomae Com. Oxen. David de Strabolgi
BARO de Kiderminster After which in the summons of 27 H. 6. till 12 E. 4. one of his posterity was summoned by the stile of Iohn Beauchamp Miles DOMINUS DE BEAUCHAMP without the Title of BARO de Kiderminster expressed in any of the Rolls For the various significations of the word Baro and the several kinds or degrees of Barons you may at leisure consult Bartholomeus Cassanaeus his Catalogus Gloriae mundi pars 8. Consid. 15. Calvini Lexicon Juridicum tit Baro Sir Henry Spelmans Glossarium De Baronibus Diatribe William Somners Glossarium tit Baro Baronia and Mr. Seldens Titles of Honour part 2. ch 5. sect 51 52 ch 2. sect 4 5 6 7 8. ch 1. sect 21 22. ch 4. sect 6 7. ch 5. sect 5. ch 6. sect 2. ch 7. sect 2. and the several Authors there quoted 29. That I finde no president of any person created a Baron by special writ but only one whereby Henry Bromfleet Knight and the heir males of his body were created Barons of Vescy by this writ entred after the Names of the Temporal Lords in the summons of Claus. 27 H. 6. m. 26. dorso Rex dilecto et fidelissimo Henrico Bromsâ—eet Miliâ—i salutem Cum c. ut supra usque ibi Tractatum et tum sic Vobis in fide et ligeantia quibus Nobis tenemini c. ut supra nullatenus omittatis Volumus enim VOS HAEREDES VESTROS MASCULOS de corpore vestro legitimè exeuntes BARONES DE VESCEY EXISTERE T. â—ege apud Westm. vicesimo quarto die Januarii of a different date from that in the other summons This special writ and clause of creation had been meerly void and nugatory had the general writ alone ennobled him and his Posteritie and them Lords and Barons of Parliament Yet notwiâ—hstanding this special writ creating him BARON of Vescy it is observable that in all the subsequent writs of summons of 28 29 31 33 38 H. 6. nd 1 3 7 E 4. he is alwaies stiled DOMINUS but never BARO de VESCY in any one List or Roll. I find in the Cl. Rolls of 49 H. 3. 23 E. 1. 6. 7. 8 E. 2. Iohn de Vescy first and after him William de Vescy summoned amongst other temporal Lords By which it is evident that there were Lords and Barons of Vescy though not so stiled in the Rolls under these 3. Kings who were summoned to Parliaments But after the summons of 8 E. 2. there is no mention of them in any Rolls the Barony escheating for want of issue male or by attainder as is probable till Sir Henry Bromfleet and his issuâ— males were created Barons thereof by the premised writ A sufficient evidence thâ—t no general writ of summons created any Gentlemen who were summoned to Parliaments Barons unless they held Lands by Barony and were Barons by Tenure there being no Clause or words in the general ordinary writs of Summons creating any persons summoned Earls Lords or Barons or giving them these Titles unless they were Earls Lords and Barons by Patent or Tenure before their Summons the writs fliâ—ing them onely such as they were when issued to them and conferring no new Dignity or Title on them as I have 1 elswhere proved at large 30. That the most ordinary writs of Summons boâ—h to the Spiritual and Temporal Lords Sherifs and others use only the words Magnates or Proceres Magna ibus Proceribus jointly or one of them alone without the other to expresse the Temporal Lords and Nobles without the word Barones or Baronibus which very rarely occurâ— in any writs except only in the wâ—its to the Sherifs Câ—aus 24 E. 3. d. 7. and the writs of Cl. 28 E. 1. d. 3. Claus. 5 E. 3. d. 25. 12 E. 3. pars 2. d. 32. wherein the word BARONES is mentioned in some of them and this Clause Cum Comitibus BARONIBUS caeteris Proceribus or Magnatibus Regni nostri used in others of them upon extraordinary occasions buâ— in no writs besides to my best remembrance which run usually Cum Praelatis et caeteris Proceribus or Magnatibus or Proceribus et Magnatibus dicti regni tractaturi vestrumque Consilium impensuri without the word BARONIBUS Which being not so much as once mentioned in these ordinary but only in 2. or 3. extraordinary writs it is most evident to all that the issuing of such writs to any Knights Esquires or Gentlemen to summon them to Parliaments can neither create nor constitute them Barons by writ because they neither stile them nor any of the Lords and Nobles but those two forementioned â—arons nor use the word BARO at all but only Proceres or Magnates 31. It is evident by all these writs That the antient temporal Earls Lords Barons are most essential necessary constitutive Members of our English Parliaments and Great Councils to which they alwaies were and ought of right to be summoned and that no Parliament may or ought to be summoned or held without them since both the writs to themselves as likewise to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Sherifs of Counties and Particular Cities and Corporations which are Counties within themselves the Wardens of the Cinque Ports Justices and other Assistants in the bodies and essential parts of them at least once twice or more frequently thus recite Quia c. ordinayimus quoddam Parliamentum apud Weâ—â—m c. CUM PROCERIBUS or MAGNATIBUS or MAGNATIBUS ET PROCERIBUS dicti regni nostri tenere c. personaliter intersitis Nobiscum et cum caeteris or cum PROCERIBUS MAGNATIBUS or MAGNATIBUS PROCERIBUS praedictis super dictis negoâ—iis tractaturi vestrumque Consilium impensuri Which I having more largely evidenced in my Plea for the Lords and House of Peers shall here no further insist on 32. That sometimes the King summoned some particular Bishops and Lords to treat with him about publike businesses by writ much like to a summons to Parliament without summoning other Lords for which take this president in lieu of more Cl. 6 E. 2. d. 5. Rex venerabili in Christo Patri eadem gratia Bathon et Wellen. Episcopo salutem Quia pro diversis arduis negotiis Nos et terram Vasconiae tangentibus in brevie ad partes Franciae concedente Domino sumus profecturi ac vobiscum super aliquibus quae Nos tangunt ante passagium nostruÌ„ ad partes praedictas habere volumus Colloquium et tractatum Vobis mandamus in fide et dilectione quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis sitis ad Nos apud Cant. die Jovis prox ante festum Ascensionis Domini prox futur super praemissis Nobiscum tractaturi Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum diligitis et indignationem nostram vitare volueritis nullatenus omittatis T. Rege apud Westm. 3. die Maii. Consim Breve dirigitur Dom. H. Wynton Episcopo The like Episcopo
22. 21 p. 2. d. 9. 22 p. 1. d. 32. p. 2. d. 7. 23 p. 1. d. 23 24 p. 2. d. 3. 21 p. 1. d. 5. E. 3. Thomas Seymor 32 d. 14. E. 3. Richard Seymour Seymore 4 d. 32. 5 d. 40. 6 d. 37. 7 d. 10. 33. 8 d. 35. 9 d. 45. 10 d. 42. 11 d. 10. 37. 12 d. 42. 13 d. 5. 14 d. 42. 15 d. 37. 16 d. 23. 17 d. 30. 18 d. 23. 20 p. 1. d. 15. 21 p. 1. d. 27. 23 d. 3. R. 2. 1 d. 37. 2 p. 2. d. 3. 5 p. 1. d. 28. p. 2. d. 4. 7 d. 30. 8 d. 2. H. 4. William de Shareshall 6 d. 4. E. 3. Edmond de Sleye 25 d. 25. E. 1. Iohn de Somery 1 d. 8. 2 d. 11 14. 20. 3 d. 16 17 4 d. 1. 5 d. 11. 17. 25. 6 d. 16. 27. 8 d. 29 35 9 d. 22. 11 d. 8. 14. 12 d. 11. 29 13 d. 13. 14 d. 5. 29. 15 d. 16. E. 2. William Spenser 32 d. 14. E. 3. Edward BARO de Stafford 27 d. 16. 28. 28 d. 3. 17 30 d. 8. 13. 32 d. 2. 33 d. 20. 34 d. 2 E. 1. 1 d. 11. E. 2. Ralph de Stafford 10 d. 1. 5. 11 p. 2. d. 40. 12 p. 2. d. 32. 13 p. 2. d. 1. 28. 14 p. 2. d. 23. 33. 15 p. 1. d. 37. 16 p. 1. d. 39. 17 p. 1. d. 25 21 p. 2. d. 9. 22 p. 1. d. 32. E. 3. BARO de Stafford listed amongst the Earls 18 p. 1. d. 14 and then amongst the Lords by this title BARO de Stafford 22 p. 2. d. 7. 23 p. 1. d. 23. 24 p. 2. d. 7. 23 p. 1. d. 23 24 p. 2. d. 3. E. 3. Richard de Stafford 32 d. 14. 46 d. 9 10 11. 47 d. 13. 49 d. 4. 6. 50 p. 2. d. 6. E. 3. 1 d. 37 2 d 13. 29. 3 d. 32. R. 2. Hugh de Stafford 44 d. 1. E. 3. Hugh Stafford 12 d. 2. 14 d. 22 H. 4. Humfry Stafford de Southwick Chivaler 2 d. 3. 6 d. 1. E. 4. Thomas de Stanley Chivaler 38 d. 6. 49 d. 6. H. 6. 1. d. 35. DOMINUS Stanley 2 d. 3. 6 d. 1. 9 d. 3. 12 d. 31. 22 23 d. 10. E. 4. George Stanley de Lestrange Chivaler 22 23 d. 10. E. 4. Nicholas de Stapleton 6 d. 3. 31. 7 d. 16 27. E. 2. Nicholas de Stapleton 16 p. 1. d. 39. E. 3. Miles de Stapleton 32 d. 34. E. 3. Henricus de Staunton 8 d. 29. 35. 9 d. 22. E. 2. Straunge See Lestrang de Extraneâ— Iohn de Strivelin 16 p. 2. d. 39 37 d. 22. 38 d. 3. 39 d. 2. 42 d. 22. 44 d. 1. E. 3. Iohn Stourton Miles DOMINUS de Sturton 28 d. 26 29 d. 41. 31 d. 36. 33 d. 36 38 d. 30. H. 6. 1 d. 35 E. 4. William Stourton de Stourton Chivaler 49 d. 6. H. 6. 9 d. 3. 12 d. 41. E. 4. Iohn Stourton Chivaler 22 23 d. 10. E. 4. Iohn de Suby Sudeley Sudele Sully Sudle 28 d. 3. 17. 30 d. 8. 13. 32 d. 2. 33 d. 21. 34 d. 2. E. 1. 1 d. 8. 11. 19. 2 d. 11. 20. 3 d. 17. 4 d. 1. 5 d. 11. 6 d. 3. 31. 7 d. 16. 27. 8 d. 29. 35. 9 d. 22. 11 d. 8. 14. 12 d. 11. 29. 13 d. 13. 14 d. 5. 29 E. 2. Iohn de Sutton 18 d. 21. E. 2. Iohn Sutton de Holderness 6 d. 9. 19. 36. 7 p. 2. d. 3. 8 d. 18. 9 d. 8. 10 d. 1. 5. 11 p. 1. d. 8. p. 2. d. 11. 40. 12 p. 2. d. 32. 13 p. 2. d. 1. 28. 14 p. 1. d. 23. 33. 15 p. 1. d. 37. 16 p. 1. d. 39. 17 p. 1. d. 25. 18 p. 1. d. 14. E. 3. Iohn de Sutton de Duddele 16 p. 1. d. 39. E. 3. Iohn de Sutton de Essex 33 d. 10. 34 d. 35. E. 3. Iohn Sutton de Duddeley Chivaler 20 d. 27 23 d. 21 25 d. 24. 27 d. 24. 29 d. 41. 31 d. 36 33 d. 36. 38 d. 30. H. 6. 1 d. 35 2 d. 3. 6 d. 1. 9 d. 3. 12 d. 41. 22 23 d. 10 E. 4. Adam de Swyllington 20 d. 4. E. 2. 1 p. 2. d. 11. 16. 2 d. 31 E. 3. Roger de Swynerton 11 p. 1. d. 8. 15. p. 2. d. 11. 40. E. 3. T GIlbert Talbot Talebot 4 d. 32. 5 p. 2. d. 7. 6 d. 4. 9. 19. 36. 7 p. 2. d. 3. 8 d. 18. 9 d 8. 18. 10 d. 1. 5. 11 p. 2. d. 11. 40. 12 p. 2. d. 32. 13. p. 2. d. 1. 28. 14 p. 1. d. 23. 33. 15 p. 1. d. 37. 16 p. 1. d. 39. p. 2. d. 22. 17 p. 1. d. 25. 18 p. 1. d. 14. 22 p. 1. d. 32. p. 2. d. 7. 38 d. 3. 39 d. 2. 42 d. 22. 44 d. 1. 47 d. 13 49 d. 4. 6. 50 p. 2. d. 6. E. 3. 1 d. 35. 2 d. 13. 29. 3 d. 32. 4 d. 32. 5 d. 40 6 d. 37. 7 d. 10. 37. 8 d. 35. 9 d. 45. 10 d. 42. R. 2. Richard Talbot 4 d. 23. 33 6 d. 9. 19. 7 p. 2. d. 3. 8 d. 18. 9 d. 8. 28. 10 d. 1. 5. 11 p. 1. d. 8. 12 p. 2. d. 32. 13 p. 2. d. 1. 28. 14 p. 1. d. 23. 33. 15 p. 1. d. 37. 16 p. 1. d. 39. 18 p 1. d. 14. 21 p. 2. d. 9. 2â— p. 1. d. 23 24. â—p 2. d. 3. 25 p. 1. d. 5. 26 d. 14. 27 d. 12. 28 d. 26. 29 d. 7 8. 36 d. 16. 37 d. 22. E. 3. Thomas Talbot de Blackmore 7 d. 10. R. 2. Richard Talbot de Blackmore 8 d. 35. 9 d. 45. 10 d. 42. Chivaler 11 d. 24. R. 2. Richard Talbot de Goderich-Castle 11 d. 13. 12 d. 42. 13 d. 5. 14 d. 42. 15 d. 37. 16 d. 23. 17 d. 30. R. 2. Gilbert Talbot 7 d. 30. 8 d. 2. 11 d. 32. 12 d. 2 14. d. 22. H. 4. 1 d. 9. 37. 2 d. 16. 3 d. 15. 4 d. 16. 5 d. 11. H. 5. Iohn Talbot DOMINVS de Furnival 11 d. 32. 12 d. 2. 14 d. 22. H. 4. 1 d. 9. 37. 2 d. 6. 4 d. 16 8 d. 2. H. 5. Iohn Talbot Chivaler 4 d. 1â—5 11 d. 10. 13 d. 2. H. 6. Iohn Talbot de Lisle Chivaler 23 d. 21 25 d. 24 27 d. 24 28 d. 26. 29 d. 41. Vicount de Lisle 31 d. 36. H. 6. Robert de Tateshall 22 d. 4. 24 d. 7. 25 d. 6. 25 27. d. 16. 18. 28 d. 3. 17. 30 d. 8. 13. E. 1. Walter de Tey 27 d. 16. 28. 18 d. 17. 32 d. 2. 33. d. 21. 34 d. 2. E. 1. 1 d. 19. E. 2. Henry de Teyes Teyeys Teyers Tryes 27 d. 18 28 d. 3. 17. 30 d. 8 13. 32 d. 2. 33 d. 21. 34 d. 2. 35 d. 13. E. 1. 1 d. 29. 6 d. 3. 31. 7 d. 16 27. 8 d. 29. 35. 9 d. 22. 11 d. 8 14. 12 d. 11. 29. 13 d. 13. 14
of law or right either Peers Lords or Barons of the Realm for life or inheritance nor give them much lesse their issues after them a right of summons to or voice amongst those who are reall Peers and Lords by Tenure Creation or Descent in all succeeding Parliaments but only a temporary right to treat and advise with the King and other Lords in those Parliaments and Councills to which they are particularly summoned and not in any others as it did in the cases of Abbots Priors and other ecclesiastical persons thus summoned to and sitting now and then in the Lords House but holding no Lands by Barony whose general Writs of summons to and session in Parliaments and Councils made neither themselves during their lives nor their successors after them actuall Peers or Barons of the Realm as Sr Ed Cook others acknowleg and I have elsewhere proved there being the self same reason and by consequence the self same Law in both cases Else our Kings by Sir Edwards own doctrin had been and should be bound Ex debito Iustitiae to summon every one of those Knights and Laymen once summoned to and sitting in any of their Parliaments and Great Councils by vertue of their general Writs without any other creation during their natural lives and their beires males being of full age after their deaths to all succeeding Parliaments and Councils and ought not to have omitted them out of the lists of summons at their pleasures and their posterities after them in all succeeding Parliaments as we experimentally find they did without the least question claim or complaint made by them or their heirs for ought I find in Records or Histories Whereas not only the Earles and Barons in the Parliamentary Great Council at London under King Henry the 3. Ann. 1255. refused to grant any aid or act any thing therein because All the Barons were not at that time summoned to Parliament as they ought to be by the tenour of Magna Charta but even other succeeding Parliaments have done the like And in the Parliament of 2. Caroli An. 1626. the Earle of Bristoll being a Peer of this Realme and not receiving a summons to Parliament according to the Priviledge of his Peerage thereupon compiained thereof to the Lords House who referring the buisnesse to their Committee of Priviledges Vpon the Earl of Hertfords report from the Committee The Lords resolved it necessary for them to beseech his Majesty that a Writ of Summons might be sent to this Earl and also TO SUCH OTHER LORDS WHOSE WRITS ARE STOPPED except such as are made uncapable BY JUDGMENT OF PARLIAMENT or some other legal judgment Whereupon writs were issued to them It being a great intrenchment upon the Liberty Priviledges and Safety of the Peers of the Land and of dangerous consequence for the King at his pleasure to omit any of them out of the Writs of summons keep back their Writs or restrain them from the Parliament after their receit as they then resolved in his case and the Earl of Arundels likewise the same Parliament 5. From this Table we may discern the observation of learned Sir Heâ—ry Spelman in his Glossary touching the summons of the Greater English Barons to Parliaments to be in a great measure justifiable Denuo autem crebra bella simultates quas Reges veteres aliquando habuere cum his ipsis MAIORIBVS SVIS BARONIBVS alios etiam eorum interdum omitterent alios vero NON BARONES ad Parliamenta evocarent habitique sunt deinceps PERPETVO OMISSI PRO NON BARONIBVS evocati contra BARONVM Titulo salutantur Aegrè hoc ferentes Proceres Johannem adigere sub magno sigillo Angliae pacisci Vt Archiepiscopos Episcopos Abbates MAJORES BARONES REGNI sigillatim per literas sommoniri faceret Quod autem adeo neglexit Henricus 3. Vt cum ipsemet Anno Regni sui 41. ducentas quinquaginta Baronias in Anglia Numerasset vocaretque ad Parliamentum Anâ—o 49. regni sui 120. Praelatos Ecclesiae Laicos tantum Barones 29. accersivit the rest were newly slain in the Battle of Evesham or in actual rebellion which was the true cause hereof ut â—è Schedis constat ejusdem Parliamenti Neglexit utique Edovardus I. multos quos vocassâ—t Hen. 3. etiam silios plures quorum ipse partes 1 admisissit aliis interim introductis Sic antiqua illa Baronum dignitas secessit sensim in titularem arbitrariam REGIOQUE TANDEM DIPLOMATE IDâ—IRCO DISPENSATA EST to wit by his speciall Patents of creation with particular Clauses granting them and their heires Males ut eorum quilibet Sedem et Locum in Parliamentis Nostris et Hâ—redum et Successorum Nostrorum infra Regnum nostrum Angliae tenendis inter ALIOS BARONES VT BARO c. not by any generall Writs of Summons which have not the word BARO in them 6. That although some of our ancienter Kings as Henry the third to settle Peace after the battle of Lewes and Barons Wars Claus. 49. H. 3. d. 10. 11. Cedula King Edward the 1. and 2. in some of their Parliaments and King Edward the 3d. in his Great Councill cl 32. E. 3. d. 1 4. did upon extraordinary Occasions and Necessities summon not only sundry Abbots Priors and Ecclesiasticall Persons but likewise divers Laymen of Great estates Wisdome Parts and abilities who were no Peers Lords nor Barons of the Realme by Tenure Patent or Descent by the self same form of generall Writs as they summoned the Bishops Abbotis Spiritual and Temporal Lords who were reall Peers and Barons of the Realme Vobiscum c. Nobiscum cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus super dictis negotiis â—ractaturi Vestrumque Consilium impensuri c. and that only once twice thrice or perchance oftener never summoning them nor their heires or successors afterwards or very rarely so it is observable 1. That they did it very seldome upon extraordinary emergent necessities not customarily or frequently 2ly That they did it not out of any affront or opposition to the antient Hereditary reall spiritual or temporal Lords Peers and Barons of the Realm to seclude overvote baffle disparage all or any of them but by their advise consents and approbation as the Writs Rolls attest 3ly That their numbers usually except in 49 H. 3. when most of the Barons were slain at Evesham or in actual armes against the King or when some extraordinary aid advise or assistance was required of them were not very great nor considerable the antient spiritual and temporal Lords and Barons being usually double treble quadruple to them and for the most part six or ten to one as you may easily discerne by comparing their names in every list of summons 4ly That there are very few Presidents under King Edward the 3. of anâ— conâ—iderable numbers of such spiritual or temporal persons called to his Parliaments but only to
the Writs of Summons and Prorogation attest 11. That for the most part all Writs of Summons and Prorogation both to the spiritual and temporal Lords Kings Counsil Sheriffs of Counties and Wardens of the Cinque-ports have the self-same Teste date Prologues yet now and then some of them are different in their dates yet very rarely in their recitals That there is frequently a different space of daies and times between the dates of the Writs of Summons and Resummons upon Writs of Prorogation and the daies of the first meeting of the Parliaments and Great Councils to which they are summoned and elected as you may easily discern by comparing them there being sometimes two months space or more sometimes fifty daies but usually forty daies or more according to the Charter of King Iohn between the date of the Writs and daies of appearance in Parliaments and Grand Councils Yet in cases of extream necessity upon sudden unexpected dangers I finde two Parliaments summoned to meet within the space of forty daies as in Claus. 4 E. 3. d. 19. Where there was onely two and thirty daies between the date of the Writ and Parliament which being unusual there is an express clause in the Writs that it should not be drawn into consequence for the future So in 28 Eliz. the Writ bore date the 15th of September and the Parliament was to begin the 15th of October following but thirty daies after All other Writs to my best remembrance these two excepted having at least forty daies between the Teste and daies of appearance that so the Members might have competent time to prepare themselves to repair to Parliaments and Great Councils after their Summons and Elections 12. That in ancient times our Parliaments and Great Councils were more frequently summoned to meet and appear on the Lords Day than on any other day of the week which abuse in succeeding times was reformed and quite discontinued even in times of Popery as well as since the reformation of Religion 13. That our Kings upon extraordinary publick dangers and other occasions may summon Parliaments Great Councils Convocations as often as they think meet That they were anciently summoned once or twice every year at least and some times thrice four or five times in one year according to the ancient Constitution in the. Council at Hereford Anno 673. Can. 7. The Law of King Alfred Rotul Ordinationum 5 E. 2. n. 31. 4 E. 3. c. 14. Rot. Parl. n. 14. 36. E. 3. cap. 10. 50. E. 3. Rot. Parl. n. 181. 1 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 95. 2. R. 2. rot Parl. n. 4. 5. 16 Carol. cap. 1. 14. That the more weighty difficult pressing urgent the occasions and dangers were of summoning Parliaments the more importunate vehement urgent mandatory minatory and compulsary were the expressions mandates clauses in the Writs of Summens for the Lords and Commons personal appearance and attendance without admitting any excuses or procurations and not to depart from them without special licence 15. That when any publick weighty businesses intended to be propounded dispatched in one Parliament or Great Council by reason of other businesses or shortness of time could not be propounded or concluded therein thereupon another Parliament or Council was soon after called to dispatch it the day and place whereof was sometimes appointed in and by the Parliament next preceding before its dissolution 16. That though anciently before the word Parliamentum came in use among our Ancestors Great Councils were the same in substance with Parliaments yet since the summoning of Knights Citizens Buâ—gesses and Barons of the Ports to Parliaments and the insertion of Parliamentum into the Writs of Summons and Statutes you may obâ—erve some differences between Parliaments and Councils and the Writs of Summons to them which are frequently distinguished in the margin of the Clause Rolls by this different entry Summunitio Parliamenti De veniendo ad Parliamentum c. Summonitio Concllil de veniendo ad Concilium c. The principal differences between them are these 1. That many Bishops Abbots and Nobles are usually omitted in the Summons to Councils which were usually summoned to Parliaments and seldome omitted in the summons to them unless absent in forraign parts 2. That many persons were summoned to Councils which wee never finde summoned to Parliaments 3. That there is no Clause of Praemunientes in the Writs of Summons to Councils issued to Archbishops and Bishops to summon their Chapters Deans Archdeacons and Clergy of their Diocess as there is usually in their Writs of Summons to Parliaments 4. That Writs of Summons to Councils issued to the Lords Great men are seldome accompanied with any Writs of Election for Knights Citizens Burgesses and Barons of Ports issued to Sheriffs or the Warden of the Cinqueports as Writs of Summons to Parliaments are and if any Knights Citizens or Burgesses be summoned to them it is in a different manner and number than when they were summoned to Parliaments 5. Writs of Summons to Parliaments are usually accompanied with Writs of Summons to the Kings Counsils but those to Councils are never attended with such Writs distinct from those issued to the spiritual and temporal Lords as Writs of Summons to Parliaments are Which differences some injudicious Writers and Antiquaries not observing have both confounded those Writs together as one and mistaken one of them frequently for the other 17. That the principal end scope of summoning Parliaments ought to be the common benefit ease profit welfare of the people the execution promotion of publick Justice the Peace and good Government of the Realm the reformation of all publick grievances and oppressions the enacting of wholesome Laws the maintenance of the Great Charters and Liberties of the people and freeing them from all unjust exactions impositions taxes not granted by Parliament nor warranted by Law the necessary defence of the Realm by common consent against forraign enemies and not to exact and impose unnecessary insupportable excessive endless Aids and Taxes on the people 18. That no publick war ought to be undertaken nor no Aids Taxes Imposts Customes or Tallages imposed on or exacted levyed on the people by our Kings or any other but onely by common consent and Grant of the Lords and Commons in a full and free Parliament though it be for the necessary defence of the Kingdome by Land or Sea the defence or regaining of the Lands and Rights of the Crown in forraign parts and that onely in moderate and just proportions granted onely for a short season and leavyed in a legal manner Nor no mens Rights precluded or forejudged in Parliament by any general Act before they bee heard Nor the Clergy taxed by the Lords and Commons but onely by themselves in their convocations 19. That the Writs of Summons to Parliaments enjoyning all the temporal Earls Peers Lords and Barons of the Realm and commanding them upon and in the Love
fear and well expect by way of divine and human retaliation that their very New erected House of Lords when once established having the power of Judicature if not of the Army in them to preserve themselves from the like Usurpations of the Commons over them in after ages will upon the first opportunity Vote down by this their president the whole House of Commons and quite suppresse it for the future as Vselesse dangerous factious Tumulâ—uous seditious arbitrary Tyrannicall oppressive to the people degenerated from its ancient duty bounds moderation as not only some of our late Kings but of those new intended Lords have publickly branded proclaimed it to be in late printed Declarations and constitute all future Parliaments only of a House of Lords and Great men of the Realme assisted with the Counsell and Iustices without any Knights Citizens Burgesses Barons of Ports or House of Commons according to all ancient long continued Presidents in former ages before 49. H. 3. when for ought appeares the Commons were first admitted and called unto Parliaments out of meer grace by the Kings Writs Or at least the disinherited ancient Nobility in case they regain their pristine Rights of Session Judicature in Parliament without the Commons assistance of which there is no absolute future improbability may by way of Justice and retaliation set the Commons House quite aside for their late transcendent breaches abuses of their Trusts towards them in secluding and voting them quite down against their Writs Indentures Duties Oathes by which they have legally forfeited all their Priviledges and right of Parliamentary session according to this received Maxime in all Lawes Privilegium amittat qui improbabili temeritate quod non accepit usurpat sua authoritate non legitime utitur sed abutitur potestate Which weighty consideration though seconded with none else should engage all Commoners to pursue the golden rule precept of Christ himself as well in point of prudence conscience Justice as morality towards the old Lords Matth. 7. 12. Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you do ye even so to them for this is the Law and the Prophets For with the same measure that ye meat withall it shall be measured to you again as Luk. 6. 38. Iudg. 1. 6. 7. Psal. 137. 8. Rev. 13. 10. c. 16. 5. 6. Ezek. 35 10. 11. 14. 15. Obad. 15. 16. Ioel. 3. 6. 7. 8. Gen. 9. 6. Mat. 26. 52. Iam. 2. 13. do all infallibly resolve us as well as late experiments 21. That the first and principle things specified in the Writs of summons as the prime ends for which Parliaments are summoned is to debate and consult of quaedam specialia ardua negotia Nos et Statum regni nostri et etiam Iura Salvationem et Defensionem Coronae nostrae Regiae as well as Regni nostri et Ecclesie Anglicanae specialiter intime contingentibâ—s And all Knights Citizens Burgesses Barons of Ports elected returned to serve in Parliament in the Commons House receive plenam sufficientem potestatem pro se et Communitate Comitatuum Civitatum Burgorum et Portuum from those Commonalties who elect them only ad faciendum consentiendum his quae tunc ibidem de communi Consilio Comitum Baronum or dicti Regni nostri contigerit ordinari super Negotiis antedictis quod hoc breve or prout breve illud in se exigit requirit as the express words of the Sheriffs returns and their Indentures evidence Therefore their enacting any thing by themselves alone without the Earls Barons and Lords House or Majoritie of their Fellow Commoners or against their Counsell Votes advice to the prejudice destruction subversion of the Kings Person State Kingdom and the Prerogative Rights of his Royal Crown and Dignity which they were purposely summoned by the King and authorized intrusted only by their Electors Commonalties people to preserve support and defend and to do and consent to nothing else inconsistent with or repugnant to these ends is the highest prevarication treacherie violation of their Trusts Duties that can possibly be imagined deserving the most exemplarie punishments And those Republicans who lately acted in this kind to the destruction of the King kingdom the prerogatives Rights of the Crown Parliament Lords and Monarchie of England upon this pretext that they were intrusted impowred thus to doe by the people and those who did elect them are the most notorious Impostors Prevaricators Infringers Peruerters Falsifiers of their trusts and power in this kinde that ever England yet produced as all the forecited Writs compared with their their retorns unanimously resolve against their false absurd pretences to the contrarie wherewith they have endeavoured to blinde and cheat the people in whom they verbally voted placed the Soveraign power only by this forged hypocritical pretext actually to usurp appropriate it to themselves as their Trustees and Representatives presently thereupon in all their new published Knacks Papers intitling themselves alone not the people the SUPREAM AUTHORITY OF THE NATION making the people greater Slaves and Uassalls to them in respect of their Lawes Lives Members Liberties Freeholds Franchises Properties Estates than ever they were in any age under Beheaded King Charles or the worst of all our Kings and Lords who never acted half so arbitrarily tyrannically in everie kinde as they their Committees High Courts of Iustice Counsils of State Major Generals Excise-men and other Officers have done since their late Exorbitant Anti-parliamentary Vsurpations Innovations Proceedings under the disguise and Notion of the Parliament of England without A KING HOUSE OF LORDS or the secluded MAIORITY OF THE COMMONS HOUSE it self the forced absence seclusion of all and everie of which 3. made them no real Parliament at all but an Anti-Parliamentary Conventicle and all their miâ—intitled Acts Ordinances meer Nullities both in Law and Conscience fit to be enternally exploded by the whole English Nation and all future new Parliaments to prevent the like pernicious Extravagances in after ages which have involved us in so manie various Miseries Warrs Perplexities Fears Dangers Oppressions Factions Troubles Changes Unsettlements and Confusions which without Gods insinite mercie presage nought else but total and final Desolation both to our Church State and Nations Our Law-books resolve the Parliament to be a Corporation consisting of the King as thief head the Lords as the Superior and the Commons as inferior Members who ought mutually to preserve each others interests and unite their counsells for the publike good without any seisure or encroachment upon one another For as there is nothing but giddiness torture distemper consumption restlesness sickness inactivity maimedness confusion in the body natural whiles the head or chief joints bones parts of it are inverted dislocated fractured severed and kept out of joynt and no other means left when thus distorted to restore it to rest health soundness activitie and prevent its dissolution by
tenendi Parliamentum Cooks 4 Instit c. 1. a Châ—on Gervasâ—ii col 1133. Mat. Parâ— p. 96 97. b Bâ—bl Patrum tom 12. pars 2. p. 942 944. c Seldens Titles of Honor p. 705 706. d Mat. Paris p. 246 247. e Hist. Ang. p. 354 355. * Ediâ— Tiguri 1589. p. 970 971. Nota. Nota. Nota. a Flores Histor pars 2. p. 409. b See An Exact Abridgment p. 322. De Convocatione Clerifacta pro Subsiâ—io Regri pâ—o gueâ—â—a fac a Claus. 45 H. 3. m. 3. dorso b Claus. 45. H. 3. m. 8. dorso c Claus. 47 H. 3. m. 7. dorso d See claus 24 H. 1. d. 2. cl 25 E. 1. d. 3. 7 8 14. Schedula cl 28 E. 1. d. 11. 15. claus 29 E. 3. d. 11 12 13 16. claus 8 R. 2. d. 3. f Mat. Paris Mat. Westm. Walsingham Holinshed Daniel Speed Polychronicon Grafton Ann. 1265. My Plea for the Loâ—ds p. 258 259 260. Summonitio Parliamenti De Parliamento tenendo apud Sarâ—m De veniendo ad Parliamentum De Parliamento tenendo Summonitio Magnatum de Tâ—actatu cum eisdem habend De Tractatu cum Magnat apud Winton habend Summonitio Parliamenâ—â— Nota. De interessendo Parliamento De Consiliâ— summonitio De veniendo ad Consilium ad tractand de statu terrae Hiberniae De veniendo ad Parliamentum †Paâ— 1 E. 1. m. 20. b Walsinghâ—m Hist. Aâ—gl p 32. Hen. de Knyghton de Event Aâ—gl 〈◊〉 c. 3. col 2482. c 7 Rep. f. 6 7 Calvâ—is case 4 Iâ—â—stit f 60. b. Lambardi Archaion f. 135 13â— d Hist. l. 9 10. e Grafton Holinshed others in his Life f Chron. Johannis Bromton col 859. * Lambardi Archaion Spelm. Gloss. Tit. Fidelitas g Iohannis Selden ad Eadmerum Notae Spicilegium p. 191. h Eadmerus Hist. Novor l. 4. p. 91. 92. Mat. Paris p. 60. Mat. Westm. p. 25 26. Hoveden p. 471. My Plea for the Lords p. 171 173. a Historiae P. 896. b See the Customs of Normandy Chapter of Homage Britton ch 68. de Homages p. 171. b. c Mat Parâ—s p. 4. 10. Mat. Westm. p. 78. d Historia p. 908. e Mat. Paris p. 20. f Hoveden Annal pars 1. p. 467. Mat. Parker Antiqu Eccl. Brit. p. 103. 107. Malmsb. de Gestis Pontif p. 224. g Glossarium p. 357. h Eadmerus Hist. Novor 1. 2 3 4 Mar. Parker Antiq. Eccles. Brit. p. 105 106. 107 c. Malmâ—b de Gestis Poâ—tif l. 1. p. 215. c. 224 225. Godwin in the life of Anselm m Eadmeri Hist. Nov. l. 3. p. 63 64. n Eadmer l. 3. p. 76. o Spelmanni Glossarium p. 357. p Col. 1005. q Slm. Dunâ—lm Hist. col 237. Mat. Paris p. 63. Mat. Westm. p. 28. Eadmerus l. 5. p. 131. Hoveden p. 473. Holiâ— shed Speed others in Henry the 1. r Chronicon Johannis Bromton col 1038 1039. See Hoveden Mat. Paris Mat. Westm. Holinshed Stow Speed others Anno 1153. s Mat. Paris Hist. p. 96 97. See Simeon Dunelmensâ—s Hoveden Holinshed others Anno. 1164. a 4 Instit. p. 5. b 5 Glossarium p. 80. * Littl. §. 85. c See An Exact Abridgment of the Records in the Tower p. 332 370 545 576 625 626. d 4 Instit. p. 5. e Titles of Honor p. 720. * See p. 2â— 12 213. * See my Argument of the case of the Lord Magwire b See Cooks 4. Instiâ— p. 47. c Seldens Titles of Honor p 663. 665. 747 748 763. 751. 757. My Plea for the Lords p. 40. d Seldens Titles of Honor p. 840. 841 848. 849 My Argument of the case of the Lord Magwire p. 42. e Sir Hen. Hoberts Reports p. 14. 15 â— * Here p. 187 to 192. * See here p. â—88 189 190 191. * See here p. 27 28 177. * Henry de Knyghton de Eventibus Anglâ—ae l. 3. c. 16. col 2557 c. My Plea for the Lords p. 278 279 28â— * Walsinghâ—m Grafâ—on Speed Holinshed Daniel Baker How Martin * See my Minors no senators * Speed Chronicle p. â—828 829. * See the Table of Earls ensuing * See My plea for the Lords p. 60. to 303. 506. 507. Magna Charta Preface c. 2. 14. 31. 37. Chaâ—â—a Forestae c. 4. 11. 26. 3â— H. 3. c. 10. 3 E. 1. Pâ—ologue a See Cokes 4 Instit. p. 5. b See Co â— 4 Instit. p. 5. c Cook ib. d Seldens titles of Honor p. 722. Cook 4 Instit. p. p. e See Exact Abridgement p. 18. to 25. 121 to 124. f Psalâ— 110. 1. Acts 2. 36 Rom. 14. 8. 9. 1 Cor. 8 5 6 g Apologia â— 34. * See my Plea for the Lords and House of Peers h An Exact Abridgement p. 123 124 145 103 310 325 326 332 363 370 391 392 405 550 576 578 659 702 703. i Mag. Charâ—a c. 2. Rich. Hagustadiensis Historia col 310 311. Mat. Paris p. 55 56 256 257. k Henry de Knighton de Eventib. Ang. l. 2. c. 4. col 2354â—â— Hâ—veden Annal. pars poâ—â—erior Mr. Selden ad Eadmerum Notae p. 171. 199. l M. Seldens Titles of Honor p. 413 417 418 419. Mr Cambdenâ— Elizabetha An. 1596. p. 126 127 128. William Martins History p. 809 810. o Camdeni Elizabetha p. â— 127 128. * Page 8â—0 p Cassanaeus Catalog Glor â—aemundi pars 1. Conâ—idâ— 4. pars 5. Confid 15 18 61 123 168. pars 7. Consid. 1. pars 8 Consid â—4 Bonus de Curteli de Nobilitate pars 3. n. 200 201. Baldus in Consilio 129. Lucas de Penna in l. Nemini de Consulibus l. 12. Andraeas de Isernia in D. tit Quae sunt Regalia Calvini Lexicon Juridicum tit Baro Comes Regalia q Ad cap. Innotuit Extrav tit De Electione r De Singulaâ—i Certamine cap. 32. Seldens titles of Honor p. 416. s Nolden de Statuâ— Nobil c. 2. §. 86. t Hist. l. 6. Seldens titles of Honor p. 469 470. u Ad Rubricâ— de Baronibus et coâ—â—uÌ„ Officio sect 22 32 et ad Pragm 5. num 63. x Super Rubâ—ic de Baâ—oâ—â—bus et eorum Officiis Sect 12 13 14 34. * Seld. p. 47â— 473 5â—7 539 540 541. y A Thoma Caâ—merio Ediâ—â— l. 8. tit 2. z Seldenâ— Titles of Honor part 2. c. 4. a Sal. de Mendoza l. 3. c 8. 13. Mariana de Rebus Hisp. l 8. c. 2. Selden p. 575. Parents 11 R 2 parte 1. n 12. Seldens titles of Honor p. 747. Spelmanniâ—in Gloâ—â—â—â—ium p. 80 81. i See the Exact Abridgment of the ment of the Records in the Tower p. p. 637. Mr. Seldens Titles of Honor p. 541. and My Plea for the Lords p. 153. My Plea for the Lords Epistle to the Reader and p. 127 to 162. * In my Preface to an Exact Abridgement of the Records of the Tower Pro Regâ— de Auxilio habendo dâ—Clero pro resistentia terrae Franciae * See my Plea for the Loâ—ds Here p. 12 13. * Cambdeni Elizabetha p. 144 145.